Статті в журналах: "GIAHS"

1

Maharjan, Keshav Lall, Clarisse Mendoza Gonzalvo, and Wilson Florendo Aala. "Leveraging Japanese Sado Island Farmers’ GIAHS Inclusivity by Understanding Their Perceived Involvement." Sustainability 13, no. 20 (October 13, 2021): 11312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132011312.

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Sado Island in the Niigata prefecture is among the first Globally Important Agriculture Heritage Systems (GIAHSs) in Japan and among developed countries worldwide. Recent studies have pointed out the need to incorporate culture and farmer opinions to further strengthen GIAHS inclusivity in rural farming. In connection to this, this study explored whether farmer visibility, which is highlighted by GIAHS designation, actually translates to farmers’ actual perceptions of GIAHS involvement. A survey was conducted among Sado Island farmers to determine their knowledge and perception of their GIAHS involvement, in connection to their perspectives on youth involvement, Sado Island branding, and tourism management. Results showed that 56.3% of Sado Island farmers feel uninvolved or unsure towards the GIAHS, which is in stark contrast with the prevalent farming method in the area, special farming (which complies with GIAHS regulations) (77.3%). Further analyses revealed that farmers who feel that the GIAHS does not promote youth involvement, Sado Island branding, and tourism management have a higher predisposition to perceive themselves as uninvolved towards the GIAHS. This study highlights the need for careful reevaluation and integration of farmer insights and needs into the current GIAHS implementation in Sado Island and in other GIAHSs as well.

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2

Jiao, Wenjun, Xiao Yang, and Qingwen Min. "A Review of the Progress in Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) Monitoring." Sustainability 14, no. 16 (August 11, 2022): 9958. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14169958.

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In order to protect traditional agricultural systems of global importance, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) launched an initiative for the conservation of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) in 2002. After nearly two decades of development, the number of GIAHS has increased from the initial 5 in 2005 to the current 65 in 22 countries around the world. Despite the remarkable increase in the number of GIAHS, many countries are now facing the difficult task of dynamic conservation and adaptive management of GIAHS. As an important element of heritage management, monitoring plays an important role in improving the level of heritage management. Scientific and effective monitoring can not only achieve the conservation of the heritage itself and the maintenance of its value, but also the sustainable development of the heritage site. However, FAO did not put forward mandatory requirements for GIAHS monitoring, nor did it issue any guiding document on GIAHS monitoring, but left it to various countries to explore their own GIAHS monitoring. In this context, the paper systematically sorts out the theoretical research and practical exploration of GIAHS monitoring conducted by different countries and research institutions, comparing and analyzing the differences between the theoretical design of monitoring GIAHS themselves and that of GIAHS action plan monitoring, as well as the differences in practical exploration of GIAHS monitoring among China, South Korea, Japan and Portugal. This paper argues that countries and research institutions face common problems in the research and application of GIAHS monitoring, which are: (1) low enthusiasm of heritage sites about participation; (2) lack of legal and financial support; and (3) lack of technical support and guidance. To further promote GIAHS monitoring globally and better promote dynamic conservation and adaptive management of GIAHS, this paper proposes that FAO should cooperate with various countries to establish a unified, scientific and efficient GIAHS monitoring system, including: (1) clarifying monitoring requirements and formulating monitoring guidelines; (2) improving the management system and establishing incentive mechanisms; (3) promoting multi-stakeholder participation and strengthening technical training.

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3

Reyes, Sheryl Rose C., Aya Miyazaki, Evonne Yiu, and Osamu Saito. "Enhancing Sustainability in Traditional Agriculture: Indicators for Monitoring the Conservation of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) in Japan." Sustainability 12, no. 14 (July 14, 2020): 5656. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12145656.

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The advent of modern technology in agriculture has increased the efficiency of our food production but also poses pressures on the sustainability of our planet. The Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) has been developed to safeguard traditional agricultural systems of global importance, which harnesses the harmonious relationship between people and nature. First launched in the World Summit on Sustainable Development in 2002 to address the sustainable development of family agriculture and traditional farming practices for developing countries, it now has 59 sites located in 22 different countries as of March 2020. Despite almost two decades of its implementation, FAO has not set any requirements nor given guidance on monitoring of the conservation of GIAHS, but leaves it to the discretion of each GIAHS site to conduct voluntary self-evaluation. This study is a comprehensive review of all 11 GIAHS application proposals in Japan, which aims to (1) conduct characteristic analysis to identify elements and perspectives related to the GIAHS selection criteria, (2) understand the motivations and socioeconomic conditions, including challenges and opportunities related to the GIAHS application, so as to (3) propose a set of indicators and perspectives to address these challenges and opportunities for improving the application, monitoring, and management of the GIAHS. The study finds that motivations for applying to GIAHS designation are primarily driven by push factors of abandonment of traditional farming practices and farmlands and underuse of farming resources resulting from Japan’s decreasing and aging rural population, as well as the pull factor of biodiversity conservation. The importance of continuing traditional farming practices, cultural heritage, and involvement of various stakeholders are emphasized against the background of an aging farming population, rural-urban migration, youth exodus, poor maintenance of farmlands, and transferring traditional and local knowledge. By identifying the drivers of change and understanding the current socioeconomic conditions of the agricultural heritage systems in Japan as portrayed in the GIAHS application proposals, the study has clarified the strengths and challenges of the sustainability of these systems. Based on the analysis, the study proposes a comprehensive set of indicators to be considered when developing the GIAHS proposals and for updating the action plan for monitoring and managing the GIAHS sites. It is expected that the findings and recommended indicators will contribute not only in the improvement of the information integrity of future GIAHS proposals, but also as reference for the development and monitoring of GIAHS conservation action plans.

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Zhao, Wen, Siming Wang, Yongxun Zhang, Ming Xu, Hongkai Qie, Yong Lu, Hanning Lu, and Ran An. "A UN SDGs-Based Sustainability Evaluation Framework for Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS): A Case Study on the Kuaijishan Ancient Chinese Torreya Community." Sustainability 13, no. 17 (September 5, 2021): 9957. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13179957.

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The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) launched the conservation initiative of the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) in 2002, providing a new solution to current global problems such as widening gap between rich and poor, environmental pollution, biodiversity destruction and degradation of agro-ecological functions. However, since the implementation of GIAHS, few studies have evaluated the role of GIAHS in regional sustainable development. To fill this research gap, this paper attempts to build an evaluation index system that integrates economic, social and environmental sustainability by matching the 169 subgoals and 232 indices of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with five FAO-GIAHS selection criteria and selecting the indices. The index weights are determined through Delphi method (expert scoring) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Then the GIAHS site of the Kuaijishan Ancient Chinese Torreya Community in Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province is taken as an example for evaluation to enhance the empirical study. The results show that the comprehensive score for this heritage site is 77.90 points, of which economic, social and environmental sustainability scores 88.27, 86.12 and 69.71 points respectively, showing a descending trend. Thus, ecological protection of the Kuaijishan Ancient Chinese Torreya Community should be strengthened and be given prominence in the future. As for the contribution to further research, this SDGs-based GIAHS sustainability evaluation framework can serve as an important guide for assessing the approaches and effects of GIAHS in promoting the achievement of the SDGs. It can also be used for future international GIAHS sustainability assessment and comparison and provide a basis for adjusting the development model of GIAHS sites.

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ATİK, Meryem, Gaye TAŞKAN, and Sıla BALTA. "GIAHS Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems and the Mediterranean case Selge in the protection of rural-agricultural landscapes." Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 59, no. 2 (July 4, 2022): 347–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.999134.

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Objective: Rural landscapes that stand out for being solution areas in terms of adaptation to climate change and food security, and especially Selge Ancient settlement and agricultural terraces, which contain an example of agricultural landscapes that includes production systems in these areas, were examined within the scope of the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) program. Material and Methods: The study method is based on the examination of the characteristics of GIAHS fields, the selection criteria of GIAHS systems, the nomination processes and action plans, and the fields included in the GIAHS program. Selge ancient agricultural terraces were evaluated under the headings in accordance with the criteria. Results: GIAHS is based on traditional agricultural systems and landscapes, and sustainable development is envisioned for globally unconventional traditional agricultural systems. For this reason, selection criteria are among the most important components of the candidacy process. Selge agricultural terraces meet the traditional agricultural systems and agricultural landscapes on which GIAHS is based, together with their tangible and intangible values. Conclusion: If the city of Selge is included in the GIAHS system, support will be provided for the measures expected to be taken and the suggestions brought about the traditional production methods and agricultural terraces, which stand out in the city.

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Mohammad Zaini, Dahlan, Mustika Ratna Dewi, and Vania Okky Putri. "Inisiatif GIAHS untuk Pengelolaan Lanskap Pertanian Tradisional Berkelanjutan: Studi Kasus di Desa Sudaji, Kabupaten Buleleng, Provinsi Bali." Jurnal Lanskap Indonesia 12, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jli.v12i1.32079.

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Traditional agricultural landscape is an important part of rural community’s life and perceived as a cultural heritage. There are various cultural values and agricultural systems with local wisdom that should be preserved. One of the strategies that can be carried out is the initiative of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) which promotes an agricultural landscape becomes a sustainable agricultural heritage system. However, Indonesia as an agricultural country, did not yet has any site that have been registered and participated as a GIAHS site. In fact, there is area with traditional agricultural landscape that is highly potential to be registered, namely Sudaji Village, located in Buleleng Regency, Bali. Therefore, this study aims to identify and analyze the potential and constraints of Sudaji Village regarding its agricultural landscape to be designated as GIAHS Sites in Indonesia. The methods used in this research are benchmarking method and field survey. The results showed that Sudaji Village met the five criterias to be designated as one of GIAHS Sites, as follow: (1) the contribution of the agricultural system to food security and livelihoods, (2) the use of biodiversity as a source of food and agriculture, (3) knowledge and experience of traditional community systems that are still being maintained, (4) the existence of two village government systems that affect the value system and culture of the community, and (5) the landscape condition that is influenced by people's knowledge in managing agricultural landscapes. Hopefully, Sudaji Village will become a part of the GIAHS Sites with its potentials. Keywords: benchmarking method, GIAHS Initiative, landscape management, Sudaji Village, traditional agricultural landscape

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Mohammad Zaini, Dahlan, Mustika Ratna Dewi, and Vania Okky Putri. "Inisiatif GIAHS untuk Pengelolaan Lanskap Pertanian Tradisional Berkelanjutan: Studi Kasus di Desa Sudaji, Kabupaten Buleleng, Provinsi Bali." Jurnal Lanskap Indonesia 12, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jli.v12i1.32079.

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Traditional agricultural landscape is an important part of rural community’s life and perceived as a cultural heritage. There are various cultural values and agricultural systems with local wisdom that should be preserved. One of the strategies that can be carried out is the initiative of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) which promotes an agricultural landscape becomes a sustainable agricultural heritage system. However, Indonesia as an agricultural country, did not yet has any site that have been registered and participated as a GIAHS site. In fact, there is area with traditional agricultural landscape that is highly potential to be registered, namely Sudaji Village, located in Buleleng Regency, Bali. Therefore, this study aims to identify and analyze the potential and constraints of Sudaji Village regarding its agricultural landscape to be designated as GIAHS Sites in Indonesia. The methods used in this research are benchmarking method and field survey. The results showed that Sudaji Village met the five criterias to be designated as one of GIAHS Sites, as follow: (1) the contribution of the agricultural system to food security and livelihoods, (2) the use of biodiversity as a source of food and agriculture, (3) knowledge and experience of traditional community systems that are still being maintained, (4) the existence of two village government systems that affect the value system and culture of the community, and (5) the landscape condition that is influenced by people's knowledge in managing agricultural landscapes. Hopefully, Sudaji Village will become a part of the GIAHS Sites with its potentials. Keywords: benchmarking method, GIAHS Initiative, landscape management, Sudaji Village, traditional agricultural landscape

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HAMAMOTO, Kazutaka. "GIAHS and NIAHS in Japan." JOURNAL OF RURAL PLANNING ASSOCIATION 35, no. 3 (2016): 357–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2750/arp.35.357.

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9

Song, Wonseob. "Sustainability of the Jeju Haenyeo Fisheries System in the Context of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System (GIAHS)." Sustainability 12, no. 9 (April 25, 2020): 3512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12093512.

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According to the Brundtland Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED), the concept of sustainability emerges from the expectation of development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This notion of sustainability is highly related to the implication of the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System (GIAHS) of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). The haenyeo (women divers) fisheries system of Jeju Island, South Korea, serves as an empirical case that illustrates that the core meaning of GIAHS is placed on the concept of sustainability. The most important objective of this case study is to explore how the five main values of GIAHS—(i) food and livelihood security, (ii) agro-biodiversity, (iii) local and traditional knowledge systems, (iv) cultures, value systems, and social organizations, and (v) landscape and seascape features—can be interlocked, and how the concept of sustainability can emerge through this interlocked relationship. In doing this, the value of both GIAHS and the Jeju haenyeo fisheries system is illuminated.

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Martins, José, Catarina Gonçalves, Jani Silva, Ramiro Gonçalves, and Frederico Branco. "Digital Ecosystem Model for GIAHS: The Barroso Agro-Sylvo-Pastoral System." Sustainability 14, no. 16 (August 19, 2022): 10349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141610349.

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Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) territories are highly relevant to achieving sustainable lifestyles with human subsistence in balance with the ecosystem. The Barroso agro-sylvo-pastoral system is a clear example of this alignment between existing society, nature and natural resources, the environment, landscapes, and contextual heritage. Moreover, the sustainable use of existing natural resources, excellent environmental conditions, and breath-taking untouched landscapes represent a truly relevant factor towards the development of a region economy that is still greatly influenced by an engraved cultural, patrimonial, and agricultural heritage. Given the GIAHS classification attributed to that territory, the need arises to guarantee the existing environmental conditions. This context will allow the maintenance of the GIAHS classification, ensuring the quality of life in the region and stimulating its socio-economic development and overall sustainability. The present article describes a proposal for a digital ecosystem model aimed at the Barroso GIAHS, composed of four main functional hubs that actively interact with each other: smart environment, smart government, smart economy, and smart people. Based on wireless sensor networks, IoT, artificial intelligence, data analytics, and other technological solutions, this solution will allow real-time control of the territory’s environmental conditions and develop more efficient and well-supported management and governance.

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Arnés García, Marta, José Luis Yagüe, Víctor Luis de Nicolás, and José M. Díaz-Puente. "Characterization of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) in Europe." Sustainability 12, no. 4 (February 21, 2020): 1611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12041611.

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The recognition and safeguarding of agricultural heritage in Europe are new concepts that are gaining attention due to the contribution they make to sustainability. Of the 57 Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) that exist in the world today, only six have been designated in Europe. Through a qualitative analysis of the proposal documents submitted by these six European GIAHS to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) during the designation process, this study provides a comparative characterization of these sites supported by expert assessment. During the first phase, 24 specific sub-criteria were observed based on the five main criteria that a site has to meet in order to demonstrate its global relevance as an agricultural heritage of humanity. The relevance of the resulting sub-criteria was then assessed by a Delphi panel of experts and the validated ones were applied in an assessment of the six European sites. The European GIAHS sites are characterized by the high value of their cultural landscapes’ evolution, modeled by traditional and adaptive agriculture knowledge and practices that are promoted and maintained thanks to organized and committed social organizations. The results of structuring of sub-criteria can facilitate the application of other possible European GIAHS sites.

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Miyake, Yoshitaka, Yuta Uchiyama, Yoshinori Fujihira, and Ryo Kohsaka. "Towards Evidence Based Policy Making in GIAHS: Convention Theory and Effects of GIAHS Registration on the Wholesale and Retail Trade of Traditional and Local Vegetables." Sustainability 13, no. 10 (May 11, 2021): 5330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13105330.

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This study examines how the registration of certain agricultural regions affects the sales of vegetables classified as traditional. We focused on the sales trends of traditional vegetables from the Noto region, one of the first designated sites of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS). We compared the sales of recognized traditional vegetables to those of similar traditional vegetables from nearby areas and vegetables labeled with the same place names as the traditional vegetables but without elements of traditionality in branding. The study analyzed the sale and relevant trends of four categories of vegetable: Kaga vegetables, vegetables labeled “Kaga”, Noto vegetables, and vegetables labeled “Noto”. We further analyzed the trends by applying Convention Theory to understand the underpinning “orders of worth” in the purchase and sale of the items. Both Noto vegetables and place-labeled vegetables increased in overall sales since GIAHS registration in 2011. The recent increases in sales volume and number of items, however, were largely due to the production of lettuce, a crop from a vegetable factory. By applying Convention Theory, we identified that in the agriculture of the region, industrial farming impacted even the GIAHS registered site. Thus, careful collection and analysis of evidence is necessary to evaluate the effects of GIAHS registration and draft an action plan for further evidence-based policy making.

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Madangeng, Vicky Cadalig. "Human Nature Interaction in Ifugao Satoyama Landscape; UNESCO Inscribed Heritage Site and GIAHS." International Journal of Culture and History 2, no. 1 (June 24, 2015): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijch.v2i1.7850.

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<p>The photography of satoyama landscape was made to document and appropriately label the different heritage sites & GIAHS in Ifugao to include the various human interactions with regards to their series of activities in the rice terraces. Descriptive analyses of the photographs were presented in narrative form in a simple approach that can be understood and be appreciated by every audience.</p><p>Satoyama landscapes found in Ifugao were built and developed through prolonged interaction between humans and their surrounding ecosystems , as one of grounds that Ifugao is in the UNESCO Heritage Sites (In 1996, the Ifugao Rice Terraces was declared a World Heritage site by the UNESCO) and the only Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Site in the Philippines (GIAHS) and one of the few first listed GIAHS in the world . GIAHS are defined as “ Remarkable land use systems and landscapes which are rich in globally significant biological diversity evolving from the co-adaptation of a community with its environment and its needs and aspirations for sustainable development” (FAO 2002).</p>The researcher used the photos as resources of analysis, defined and labeled the landscapes and human interactions in the heritage sites. The five Ifugao world heritage clusters (Hungduan, Batad, Bangaan, Nagacadan, and Mayoyao,) were considered in this study.

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Santoro, Antonio, Martina Venturi, Remo Bertani, and Mauro Agnoletti. "A Review of the Role of Forests and Agroforestry Systems in the FAO Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) Programme." Forests 11, no. 8 (August 7, 2020): 860. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11080860.

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Traditional agroforestry systems have received increasing attention in recent decades for their multifunctional role and as a sustainable development model for rural areas. At the international level, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) launched the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) programme in 2002 with the aim of identifying agricultural systems of global importance; preserving landscapes, agrobiodiversity and traditional knowledge; applying the dynamic conservation principles while promoting sustainable development. The aim of the research is to carry out a review of the inscription dossiers of all the 59 sites already included in the GIAHS programme, in order to analyze the role of forests and agroforestry systems. Moreover, the main traditional management techniques have been identified and briefly described, as traditional forest-related knowledge is particularly important for sustainable forest management. Forests and agroforestry systems have been found to be important or crucial in about half of the sites. The main role assigned to forests and agroforestry systems in GIAHS proposals is related to the production of timber, fuelwood and by-products for the local communities according to sustainable and traditional management techniques. Among these, they also play important roles in hydrogeological protection, water regulation and biodiversity maintenance, representing examples both of human adaptation to different environments and of resilient systems that could help to face global challenges such as hydrogeological risk and climate change. The review of the GIAHS inscription dossiers also highlighted the lack of a uniform approach in dealing with forest issues, especially for what concern the description of management plans and the relation with protected areas or forest planning instruments.

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Silva-Pérez, Rocío, and Gema González-Romero. "GIAHS as an Instrument to Articulate the Landscape and Territorialized Agrifood Systems—The Example of La Axarquía (Malaga Province, Spain)." Land 11, no. 2 (February 18, 2022): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11020310.

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The theoretical literature makes a connection between the notions of landscape and territorialised agrifood systems, but these connections are rarely specified or explained. Their consideration in development proposals requires the relationship between the two and their magnitude to be made explicit. This article enquires into this and explores its programmatic forecasts from both the theoretical and empirical perspectives. An epistemological and regulatory review points to the FAO Globally Important Agriculture Heritage System (GIAHS) programme as the instrument that articulates the logic of landscape and territorialised agrifood in marginal rural areas. The empirical part of the study focuses on the dried grape (raisin) agrifood system in Axarquía (Malaga province, Spain) GIAHS since 2018. Territorial recognition and semi-structured interviews have enabled a deep study of the praxis of these connections. Axarquía is seen to be an excellent laboratory of the synergies between territorialised agrifood system synergies and landscapes. GIAHS is substantiated as a virtual instrument that can contribute to agriculture-based territorial development. It acts as a stimulus to development and combines forces through territorial governance processes. It highlights the value of agriculture as a cornerstone of development, examines agricultural functionalities in detail, and gives meaning to agricultural landscapes.

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Chen, Bixia, and Zhenmian Qiu. "Consumers' Attitudes towards Edible Wild Plants: A Case Study of Noto Peninsula, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan." International Journal of Forestry Research 2012 (2012): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/872413.

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This study explored the rural revitalizing strategy in FAO's Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System (GIAHS) site in Noto Peninsula, Ishikawa Prefecture of Japan, using a case study of edible wild plants. This study assessed the current and possible future utilization of edible wild plants as one important NTFP by clarifying the attitudes of consumers and exploring the challenges of harvesting edible wild plants. Traditional ecological knowledge associated with edible wild plants and the related attitudes of consumers towards wild plants was documented. A questionnaire survey found that a majority of the respondents held positive attitude towards edible wild plants as being healthy, safe food, part of traditional dietary culture. Increasing demand of edible wild plants from urban residents aroused conflicts with local residents’ interest given that around 86% of the forested hills are private in Noto Region. Non timber forest products (NTFP) extraction can be seen as a tool for creating socioeconomic relationships that are dependent on healthy, biodiverse ecosystems. It was suggested that Japanese Agricultural Cooperatives (JA) and Forestry Cooperatives (FCA) could be involved with GIAHS process. As important traditional dietary and ecological system, edible wild plants should be a part of GIAHS project for rural revitalization.

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Pomatto, Enrico, Marco Devecchi, and Federica Larcher. "Assessment of the Terraced Landscapes’ Integrity: A GIS-Based Approach in a Potential GIAHS-FAO Site (Northwest Piedmont, Italy)." Land 11, no. 12 (December 12, 2022): 2269. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11122269.

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The GIAHS-FAO program enhances the agricultural systems coevolved with humans through their dynamic conservation to guarantee the livelihood of future generations. The aim of this research was to assess, with a dynamic perspective, the terraced landscape’s integrity in a potential GIAHS-FAO site (Northwest Piedmont, Italy, 545 ha) characterized by a pergola caremiese vine-breeding technique. We developed a GIS-based approach to explore the main features that can affect the landscape’s integrity, starting from the changes of the land use. The aerial IGMI images (1954–1968) and the AGEA (2018) orthophoto were photo-interpreted using QGIS 3.16.2 “Hannover” (minimum mappable unit 100 m2). The results showed that 70.16% of the historical landscape was preserved, while the surface of vineyards decreased because of their abandonment. We observed that vineyards are the land use that requires more attention in future planning strategies, and that the landscape’s integrity is affected by the limited introduction of non-traditional vine-breeding techniques (espaliers) and new crops (olives groves). The methodology was able to assess the terraced landscape’s integrity in a dynamic perspective. The good integrity makes the study area a potential GIAHS-FAO site. Future planning strategies will have to lead the changing processes and preserve the landscape’s integrity.

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Wang, Bojie, Siyuan He, Qingwen Min, Feng Cui, and Guoping Wang. "Influence of Residents’ Perception of Tourism’s Impact on Supporting Tourism Development in a GIAHS Site: The Mediating Role of Perceived Justice and Community Identity." Land 10, no. 10 (September 22, 2021): 998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10100998.

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How we scientifically measure residents’ perception of tourism developments and earn their understanding and support have an important impact on the scientific management and sustainable utilization of tourist attractions. This study analyzes the mediating role of perceived justice and community identity between residents’ perceptions of tourism’s impact and their support for tourism development by integrating the theories of social exchange theory (SET) and ‘cognition–affection–conation’ (CAC) relationship theory. We surveyed 334 interviewees in the Xinghua Duotian Agrosystem (XHDA), a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) site in Jiangsu Province, China. The findings of our study are as follows: (1) Residents’ perceptions had both a direct and indirect influence over behavioral intentions. Specifically, benefit perception of tourism had a significant positive influence, while cost perception had a significant negative influence on residents’ support for tourism development. (2) Perceived justice and community identity played an intermediary role in the relationship between tourism impact perception and support for tourism development. (3) The mediating role of emotions had strong effects on their behavioral intentions via its psychological transmission chain of perceptions. The results suggest that community-based tourism (CBT) may be an effective tool for local residents to diversify their livelihoods in the GIAHS site, and the mediating role of perceived justice and community identity should be taken seriously for the development of CBT in GIAHS sites.

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Santoro, Antonio, Qingyi Yu, Francesco Piras, Beatrice Fiore, Alessandra Bazzurro, and Mauro Agnoletti. "From Flood Control System to Agroforestry Heritage System: Past, Present and Future of the Mulberry-Dykes and Fishponds System of Huzhou City, China." Land 11, no. 11 (October 28, 2022): 1920. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11111920.

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Peri-urban traditional agroforestry systems are considered a priority at an international level, as they serve as a link connecting cities and rural areas, providing local food and ecosystem services for people living in the cities. The mulberry-dykes and fishponds system (MFS), located near Huzhou city (Zhejiang province, China), also has a key role in protecting the city from floods, as it developed as a consequence of the ancient flood control system created to protect local cities and villages from recurring floods. This system is recognized for its sustainability and for the strong functional interlinkages between the different components (mulberry trees, fishes, silkworms) by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), which included it into the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) Programme in 2017. The research intends to measure landscape transformation in the last 12 years and to evaluate the effectiveness of the inclusion into the GIAHS Programme for land use changes mitigation. In addition, an accurate discussion focusing on the analysis of local planning has been done to evaluate its capacity in protecting and valorizing the site. Results demonstrated that MFS has undergone major land use changes in the last years due to urban sprawl, the spread of solar panels (+7% in 2018–2021), and abandonment of the traditional mulberry-based system (−75% in 2009–2021). Other changes are related to the overall number of traditional fishponds (−81% in 2009–2018 and −33% in 2018–2021) and to their shape and size. Local planning tools are too sectorial, not enough integrated one another, and they do not consider the MFS as a single system. The study demonstrated that the inclusion in the GIAHS Programme is not sufficient itself to stop negative trends in the absence of adequate planning tools, even if it can contribute to slowing them down, but it would be crucial to integrate the GIAHS action plan and vision into local planning tools.

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SUN, Ye-Hong. "Value of the GIAHS-China traditional rice-fish system." CHINESE JOURNAL OF ECO-AGRICULTURE 16, no. 4 (March 2, 2009): 991–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1011.2008.00991.

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Jeong, Myeong-Cheol, Hyo-Yun Mun, Soon-Duck Yoon, and Sang-Bum Kim. "Analysis on Characteristics of Agricultural Heritage in GIAHS sites." Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning 22, no. 4 (November 30, 2016): 173–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.7851/ksrp.2016.22.4.173.

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Santoro, Antonio, Ever Alexis Martinez Aguilar, Martina Venturi, Francesco Piras, Federica Corrieri, Juan Rosa Quintanilla, and Mauro Agnoletti. "The Agroforestry Heritage System of Sabana De Morro in El Salvador." Forests 11, no. 7 (July 9, 2020): 747. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11070747.

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Traditional agroforestry systems are recognized as having great importance for providing multiple benefits for local communities all over the world, especially in tropical countries. Thanks to their multifunctional role, they can support small farmers, contribute to hydrogeological risk reduction, water regulation, preservation of soil, agrobiodiversity and landscape, as well as being examples of mitigation and adaptation towards climate change. The Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) programme of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) aims to identify agricultural systems of global importance, preserving landscape, agrobiodiversity and traditional knowledge, through dynamic conservation principles. The Sabana de Morro is a traditional agroforestry system located in El Salvador based on cattle grazing in pastures with the presence of Crescentia alata and Crescentia cujete trees, locally called Morro or Jícaro. We documented the main characteristics of this system, that has never been deeply studied, in the Municipality of Dolores, in accordance with the five GIAHS criteria, and through detailed land use mapping, to assess the relations between landscape structure, agrobiodiversity and traditional silvopastoral practices. Sabana de Morro proved to be based on strong interactions between trees, cattle and farmers. The pulp of the Morro fruits is eaten by grazing cattle, completing their feeding and giving a peculiar taste to the locally produced cheese. Morro trees provide shade for the animals while cattle contribute by spreading their seeds that also take advantage of the manure. Results show that this agroforestry system contributes to the preservation of a rich agrobiodiversity and of the traditional landscape. At the same time, it supports local farmers’ livelihood and is consistent with the aim of the GIAHS programme, even if further surveys and research are needed to assess the real possibility of the inclusion in this FAO programme.

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Bixia, Chen, and Qiu Zhenmian. "Green Tourism in Japan: Opportunities for a GIAHS Pilot Site." Journal of Resources and Ecology 4, no. 3 (September 2013): 285–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2013.03.012.

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Hiroaki, Hayashi. "Understandings of Relationships between Agriculture and Biodiversity in Kunisaki GIAHS." Journal of Resources and Ecology 5, no. 4 (December 2014): 395–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2014.04.016.

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Kohsaka, Ryo, and Hikaru Matsuoka. "Analysis of Japanese Municipalities With Geopark, MAB, and GIAHS Certification." SAGE Open 5, no. 4 (December 7, 2015): 215824401561751. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244015617517.

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Min, Qingwen, and Bitian Zhang. "Research Progress in the Conservation and Development of China-Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (China-NIAHS)." Sustainability 12, no. 1 (December 23, 2019): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12010126.

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To cope with the problem of the global agricultural environment, food security, and the crisis of sustainable agricultural development, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), together with other relevant national organizations and several countries, launched the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) in 2002. The Qingtian Rice-Fish system was designated as China’s first GIAHS and was included in the first batch of GIAHS pilot sites, in 2005. Since then, study of systematic agricultural heritage and its conservation and development has progressed in China. On the basis of a comprehensive collection of relevant studies, the author reviews the main achievements in conservation and development of China-Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (China-NIAHS) over the past 15 years. At the present stage, the core contents of study on agricultural heritage are focused on two aspects. One is the benefit of exploration with multi-functional development. Another is dynamic conservation with adaptive management. There are many controversies around the concept and connotation of agricultural heritage, which, in turn, promote the understanding of this new type of heritage. The sustainable mechanism within agricultural heritage gives itself value diversity. Study about the value of agricultural heritage highlights the significance of conservation. The development of multi-functional industrials based on its multi-functional value is the pathway for the development of China-NIAHS, including the production of high-quality and characteristic local agricultural products, the development of ecotourism, and the development of cultural industries. To carry out dynamic conservation and adaptive management, the establishment of "five in one" benefit-sharing, multi-stakeholder mechanisms, legally guaranteed incentive mechanisms, government-leading, multi-financing mechanisms, and multi-disciplinary scientific support mechanisms are indispensable. Although China has made great progress in the study of agricultural heritage, it still needs to carry out additional research through heritage resources surveys, regular patterns of system evolution, and sustainable mechanisms, as well as perform more applicable research in framework and mechanism construction and paradigms of dynamic protection. Multidisciplinary comprehensive studies are necessary as well.

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TAKEUCHI, Kazuhiko. "Significance of the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) in Japan." JOURNAL OF RURAL PLANNING ASSOCIATION 35, no. 3 (2016): 353–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2750/arp.35.353.

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Yiu, Evonne. "Noto Peninsula after GIAHS Designation: Conservation and Revitalization Efforts of Noto'sSatoyamaandSatoumi." Journal of Resources and Ecology 5, no. 4 (December 2014): 364–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2014.04.012.

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Hidehiro, Inagaki, and Kusumoto Yoshinobu. "Assessment of GIAHS in Shizuoka: The Traditional Tea-Grass Integrated System." Journal of Resources and Ecology 5, no. 4 (December 2014): 398–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2014.04.017.

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Maharjan, Keshav Lall, Clarisse Mendoza Gonzalvo, and Wilson Jr Florendo Aala. "Drivers of Environmental Conservation Agriculture in Sado Island, Niigata Prefecture, Japan." Sustainability 14, no. 16 (August 10, 2022): 9881. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14169881.

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Sado Island in the Niigata prefecture in Japan is one of the first Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) among developed countries and has since been involved in environmental conservation agriculture (ECA). While ECA is still in its early stage in Japan, it has proven to be effective in mitigating climate change in the agricultural sector; hence, this study aimed to identify drivers of ECA among Sado Island paddy farmers. The data revealed the prevalence of farmers’ cognitive dissonance between ECA and its mitigating effects on climate change. Our findings confirmed the importance of perceived GIAHS involvement in the continuation of ECA. In addition, other identified drivers of ECA fall either on a macro-level (i.e., farmers’ awareness of their role in improving their environment) or micro-level (i.e., farmers’ differing farm optimizations). These perspectives highlighted the altruistic nature of the Sado Island ECA paddy farmers by valuing the improvement of their local and global environment as their main reason to continue ECA, whereas their various farm management optimizations support this observed farmer altruism by providing avenues to increase yield with only a moderate paddy land area. This study highlights the need to continuously develop sustainable strategies to maintain and improve a positive farmer mindset towards ECA.

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De Souza, Marta Aguiar, and Patrícia Goulart Bustamante. "O ANIQUILAMENTO DA AGROBIODIVERSIDADE PROVOCADA PELO IMPÉRIO AGROALIMENTAR (EL ANIQUILAMIENTO DE LA AGROBIODIVERSIDAD PROVOCADA POR EL IMPERIO AGROALIMENTARIO)." Revista GeoNordeste, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 88–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.33360/rgn.2318-2695.2019.i2especial.p.88-103.

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RESUMO:A soberania alimentar e nutricional está diretamente relacionada agrobiodiversidade. Sem a manutenção da diversidade de espécies de cereais, frutas, verduras e animais não há como garantir o direito a alimentos saudáveis inseridos na cultura local, escolhidos e colhidos em sistemas agrícolas próprios e sustentáveis. Ferir a agrobiodiversidade é ferir a soberania alimentar e é isso que o sistema agroalimentar industrializado globalizado tem feito. O programa GIAHS - Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems –, da FAO – Organização das Nações Unidas para Alimentação e Agricultura-, pode ser uma resposta às evoluções globais que comprometem as bases da agricultura camponesa e a agrobiodiversidade. Palavras-chave: Soberania alimentar. Sistema agroalimentar industrializado. Agrobiodiversidade. GIAHS. FAO. RESUMEN:La soberanía alimentaria y nutricional está directamente relacionada con la agrobiodiversidad. Sin el mantenimiento de la diversidad de especies de cereales, frutas, verduras y animales, no hay como garantizar el derecho a alimentos sanos insertados en la cultura local, elegidos y cosechados en sistemas agrícolas propios y sostenibles. Ferir la agrobiodiversidad es herir la soberanía alimentaria y eso es lo que el sistema agroalimentario industrializado globalizado ha hecho. El programa SIPAM - Sistemas Importantes del Patrimonio Agrícola Mundial - de la FAO - Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura-, puede ser una respuesta a las evoluciones globales que comprometen las bases de la agricultura campesina y la agrobiodiversidad.Palabras clave: Soberanía alimentaria. Sistema agroalimentario industrializado. La biodiversidad agrícola. SIPAM. FAO.

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BÜYÜKBAŞ, Ömer. "KÜRESEL ÖNEMLİ TARIMSAL KÜLTÜREL MİRAS SİSTEMLERİ (GIAHS) KENT PAZARLAMASI İÇİN NASIL KULLANILABİLİR?" Premium e-Journal of Social Science 5, no. 17 (January 1, 2021): 634–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.37242/pejoss.2198.

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Афанасьев, Олег, and Oleg Afanasiev. "PROTECTION OF THE RURAL DESTINATIONS AS THE WORLD CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES: INTERNATIONAL PRACTICES." Services in Russia and abroad 10, no. 7 (November 7, 2016): 18–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/21818.

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The article discusses the concept of “agrоcultural (agricultural) heritage” and composing it objects in rural (agricultural) tourism, for which they are the most important destinations. This research object is interdisciplinary, affecting a variety of spheres, particularly, agroourism, sightseeing, services and so forth, and economy in general. Agricultural heritage includes tangible objects of agricultural and technical culture, created for the production. Such objects are saved for better and complete study and understanding of their nature, not for contemplation; they are not works of art. This heritage is anthropogenic and technological. From the scientific and methodological point of view the very understanding of the term of "agricultural heritage" is still quite uncertain. The article presents a comprehensive understanding of it based on the nature-use concept as a binary object system "Man - Nature". The available experience of classification of agricultural heritage objects is considered. Starting 2002, at the initiative of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) the criteria are developed and an inventory of objects of the world agro- cultural heritage, Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS), is conducted. One of the GIAHS goals is identifying objects of agricultural heritage that are most corresponding to the status of "global agricultural heritage" and their promotion for including to the UNESCO World Heritage List. The article presents for the first time ever full GIAHS list in Russian as of October, 2016. We have separated in special list 114 objects from 58 countries, corresponding in our view to the concept of "agricultural heritage" from the UNESCO World Heritage List current at the end of 2016. The article presets the attempt to classify them by 12 categories. The rating of countries in the world by the number of Agricultural UNESCO World Heritage Sites is submitted. The author notes that exactly this category of objects forms a primary resource base for the agricultural (rural) tourism development as the most important attractive destinations, especially in Europe. As the conclusions the reasons are formulated, under which agricultural tourism is a promising form of tourism organization both for individual agricultural enterprises on the basis of objects of agricultural heritage, and for the regions in which these objects are presented.

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MIN, Qing-Wen, Lu HE, Ye-Hong SUN, Dan ZHANG, Zheng YUAN, Yuan-Tao XU, and Yan-Ying BAI. "On the value, conservation and sustainable development of GIAHS pilot sites in China." Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture 20, no. 6 (December 7, 2012): 668–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1011.2012.00668.

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Yongxun, Zhang, Min Qingwen, Jiao Wenjun, and Liu Moucheng. "Values and Conservation of Honghe Hani Rice Terraces System as a GIAHS Site." Journal of Resources and Ecology 7, no. 3 (May 2016): 197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2016.03.007.

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Siyuan, He, Li Heyao, and Min Qingwen. "Is GIAHS an Effective Instrument to Promote Agrosystem Conservation? A Rural Community's Perceptions." Journal of Resources and Ecology 11, no. 1 (January 27, 2020): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2020.01.008.

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Song, Huiqi, Pengwei Chen, Yongxun Zhang, and Youcheng Chen. "Study Progress of Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (IAHS): A Literature Analysis." Sustainability 13, no. 19 (September 30, 2021): 10859. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131910859.

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Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (IAHS), as a new type of heritage, has received extensive attention from the international scientific communities. With the increase of IAHS research, reviews on it have been conducted by many scholars. However, visualized research to show future research trends of IAHS are lacking. Therefore, using metrology analysis methods, this study aims at presenting the progress of research and the general development trends of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) in the world from 2006 to 2020 to provide ideas for the development of countries or regions in the future. This study mapped 292 literatures from Web of Science core collections from 2006 to 2020 by CiteSpace software. The results show that research on IAHS from 2006 to 2020 experienced two stages: the fluctuating increase stage, and the steady growth stage. Author groups from China, Italy, the USA, Japan, etc., contributed many papers on IAHS. Institutions including the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the University of Florence and the University of Padua in Italy, etc., have a relatively high influence on international IAHS research. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment is the most cited journal. Agricultural Heritage Systems, regeneration, agriculture, agroforestry, dry-stone wall, social capital, instability, and agricultural biodiversity have been hotspots in the past 15 years. The research themes mainly focus on GIAHS, tourism, livelihood assets, and direct georeferencing. Authors in different regions concern different research themes. In the future, the fields of applications and microscopic views, social sciences, applications of standardized quantitative research methods, and broadened international cooperation should be paid more attention.

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Ren, Weizheng, Liangliang Hu, Liang Guo, Jian Zhang, Lu Tang, Entao Zhang, Jiaen Zhang, Shiming Luo, Jianjun Tang, and Xin Chen. "Preservation of the genetic diversity of a local common carp in the agricultural heritage rice–fish system." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 3 (January 2, 2018): E546—E554. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1709582115.

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We examined how traditional farmers preserve the genetic diversity of a local common carp (Cyprinus carpio), which is locally referred to as “paddy field carp” (PF-carp), in a “globally important agricultural heritage system” (GIAHS), i.e., the 1,200-y-old rice–fish coculture system in Zhejiang Province, China. Our molecular and morphological analysis showed that the PF-carp has changed into a distinct local population with higher genetic diversity and diverse color types. Within this GIAHS region, PF-carps exist as a continuous metapopulation, although three genetic groups could be identified by microsatellite markers. Thousands of small farmer households interdependently obtained fry and parental carps for their own rice–fish production, resulting in a high gene flow and large numbers of parent carps distributing in a mosaic pattern in the region. Landscape genetic analysis indicated that farmers’ connectivity was one of the major factors that shaped this genetic pattern. Population viability analysis further revealed that the numbers of these interconnected small farmer households and their connection intensity affect the carps’ inherent genetic diversity. The practice of mixed culturing of carps with diverse color types helped to preserve a wide range of genetic resources in the paddy field. This widespread traditional practice increases fish yield and resource use, which, in return, encourages famers to continue their practice of selecting and conserving diverse color types of PF-carp. Our results suggested that traditional farmers secure the genetic diversity of PF-carp and its viability over generations in this region through interdependently incubating and mixed-culturing practices within the rice−fish system.

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Fuller, Anthony M., Qingwen Min, Wenjun Jiao, and Yanying Bai. "Globally important agricultural heritage systems (giahs) of china: the challenge of complexity in research." Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 1, no. 2 (April 2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/ehs14-0007.1.

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Gu, Xingguo, Ying Wang, Keyi Shi, Fuyan Ke, Shanting Ying, and Qixian Lai. "Emergy-Based Sustainability Evaluation of the Mulberry-Dyke and Fish-Pond System on the South Bank of Taihu Lake, China." Sustainability 14, no. 17 (August 23, 2022): 10463. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141710463.

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The Taihu Lake drainage basin is the birthplace of the Mulberry-dyke and Fish-pond System (MFS), a traditional eco-agricultural system. In 2017, the largest and best-preserved “Zhejiang Huzhou Mulberry-dyke and Fish-pond System” located by the South Bank of Taihu Lake, China was recognized as Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and its value has been appreciated. As a dynamic heritage, the sustainable development of MFS is a fundamental requirement of the conservation of GIAHS. In this regard, it is necessary to figure out an approach to evaluating the status of its sustainable development. This paper analyzes and contrasts the emergy embodied in the three patterns of MFS over different periods, then constructs an index system of sustainability evaluation involving the production and consumption processes based on that. Finally, it provides the evaluation and analysis. The three patterns of MFS differ in the system structure. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties (abbreviated as Ming-Qing pattern), MFS was an integrated system compromised of mulberry cultivation, silkworm breeding, fish breeding, and sheep breeding, while other patterns exclude sheep breeding, but increase the input of fertilizer, and add the production of mulberry-leaf tea and other local specialties. The results show that the MFS in the Ming-Qing pattern has the highest integrated evaluation index of sustainable development, followed by the traditional MFS pattern and the new MFS pattern employed nowadays. This indicates that the current capability of sustainable development has decreased compared to that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The integrated evaluation index regarding the consumption process of the new MFS pattern is higher than the traditional one, suggesting that it needs to promote sustainability in the production process, especially via the utilization rates of renewable resources and wastes.

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Kajihara, Hiroyuki, Su Zhang, Wonhee You, and Qingwen Min. "Concerns and Opportunities around Cultural Heritage in East Asian Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS)." Sustainability 10, no. 4 (April 18, 2018): 1235. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10041235.

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Scheurer, Thomas, Mauro Agnoletti, Matthias Bürgi, Mateja Šmid Hribar, and Mimi Urbanc. "Exploring Alpine Landscapes as Potential Sites of the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) Programme." Mountain Research and Development 38, no. 2 (May 2018): 172–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1659/mrd-journal-d-18-0047.

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Kohsaka, Ryo, Hikaru Matsuoka, Yuta Uchiyama, and Marie Rogel. "Regional management and biodiversity conservation in GIAHS: text analysis of municipal strategy and tourism management." Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 5, no. 1 (January 2, 2019): 124–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20964129.2019.1610336.

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Agnoletti, Mauro, Francesca Emanueli, Federica Corrieri, Martina Venturi, and Antonio Santoro. "Monitoring Traditional Rural Landscapes. The Case of Italy." Sustainability 11, no. 21 (November 2, 2019): 6107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11216107.

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The importance of rural landscapes is recognized at both the international and national level. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has established a program called Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) and agricultural landscapes are also listed in the UNESCO World Heritage List. The World Bank and the Convention on Biological Diversity also have departments working on this topic, while landscape has been included in the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union 2020–2027. One of the most important tools for landscape management, conservation and valorization is the development of a monitoring system, suited to control not only dynamics, but also the effectiveness of the policies affecting rural landscape. A research project of the Italian Ministry of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies has identified 123 areas scattered in the entire Italian territory, with an average size of 1300 ha, in order to establish a national monitoring system for traditional rural landscapes. As a result of this national survey, the Ministry decided to establish the National Register of Historical Rural Landscapes, that is also the Italian list for potential application to GIAHS. These landscapes are characterized by a long history, presence of traditional practices, typical foods, complex landscape mosaics and high biocultural diversity. Detailed land use maps have been produced for each area, and among other data, the average number of land use types (19.6 ha) and the average patch size (2.7 ha) detected, confirm the fine grain of these landscapes characterized by high complexity and diversity of the landscape structure. A second survey was carried out five years later, in order to create a national monitoring system based on fixed study areas. The paper shows that in the last five years no major changes occurred, and even in the 33 areas where transformations are considered significant (i.e., >5% of the surface of the area), the characteristic features of the historical landscape are still well preserved. This confirms the resilience of these systems despite climatic and socioeconomic pressures.

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Kurokawa, Tetsuji, Mitsuyasu Yabe, Hisako Nomura, and Yoshifumi Takahashi. "Consumer Valuation of Green Tea Leaves Produced through Chagusaba Farming: A Case of GIAHS in Shizuoka." Journal of Rural Problems 55, no. 2 (June 25, 2019): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.7310/arfe.55.81.

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Yanying, Bai, Sun Xueping, Tian Mi, and Anthony M. Fuller. "Typical Water-Land Utilization GIAHS in Low-Lying Areas: The Xinghua Duotian Agrosystem Example in China." Journal of Resources and Ecology 5, no. 4 (December 2014): 320–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2014.04.006.

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KAGA, Junnichi. "COVID-19 Crisis what a Festival at the GIAHS site “Noto no SATOYAMA and SATOUMI” Faces Now." JOURNAL OF RURAL PLANNING ASSOCIATION 40, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2750/arp.40.22.

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XIE, Jian, Xue WU, Jian-jun TANG, Jia-en ZHANG, Shi-ming LUO, and Xin CHEN. "Conservation of Traditional Rice Varieties in a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System (GIAHS): Rice-Fish Co-Culture." Agricultural Sciences in China 10, no. 5 (May 2011): 754–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1671-2927(11)60059-x.

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Zhang, Yongxun, Qingwen Min, Heyao Li, Lulu He, Canqiang Zhang, and Lun Yang. "A Conservation Approach of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS): Improving Traditional Agricultural Patterns and Promoting Scale-Production." Sustainability 9, no. 2 (February 17, 2017): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su9020295.

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Wang, Nian, Jiahui Li, and Zhengxu Zhou. "Landscape pattern optimization approach to protect rice terrace Agroecosystem: Case of GIAHS site Jiache Valley, Guizhou, southwest China." Ecological Indicators 129 (October 2021): 107958. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.107958.

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