Дисертації з теми "Geste digital"

Que peut-il bien cacher ce titre ? Ou plutôt révéler ? Il laisse entendre une certaine inclinaison au jeu de mots. Ceci parle déjà du style. « Tourner la page » puisqu’il s’agit de livre, de lecture. « Tourner la page » puisque le temps du livre semble être compté, à en croire certains pronostics auxquels ce travail ne réagit pas. «Autour de la matérialité » puisque la page papier du codex tourne littéralement autour d’un axe matériel, soit-il cousu, broché ou collé. « Autour » encore car il est question de matérialité, qualité intrinsèque et fondamentale qui définit l’écriture, détermine le rapport au langage écrit et le distingue de sa version numérique. « Objet de lecture », terme qui permet d’élargir le cercle des supports de lecture traditionnellement représentés par des livres aux objets technologiques, tout en précisant qu’ils ne sont pas des livres. « Objet » encore, car l’approche sémio-pragmatique tient à souligner le côté objectal de la lecture face à son côté linguistique. « Observations », ce mot précise et qualifie le non-aboutissement et la teneur approximative de ce qui est dit et comment il est dit dans ce mémoire. « Sémiotiques » indique la méthode et le point de vue sous lequel le propos est déployé. « Perspectives pédagogiques », c’est pour annoncer l’ambition de cette étude de se projeter vers le domaine dont elle est inspirée et vers lequel elle retourne, en espérant créer des passerelles et y apporter des propositions pluridisciplinaires. Ce résumé en forme d’explicitation du titre prétend également servir de plan qui suit le cheminement de la réflexion sur le rapport de l’homme à l’écriture à la base de la matérialité de celle-ci
What could this title hide? Or reveal instead? It insinuates a certain tendency to a play on words. It hints at style. “Turn the page” since it’s about books, about reading practice. “Turn the page” because the days of books seem numbered, to believe certain prognostication to which this work does not address. However, there are new, digital pages. "About the materiality", since the paper page of the codex is turning literally around a material axis, sewn, stapled or glued. “Materiality", it is as an intrinsic quality of the book object which defines the products of writing. “Reading object,” it means different objects of reading, traditionally represented by printed books. While, now, it is possible to read technological objects too. “Object” once more, for the semio-pragmatic approach that desires to emphasize the material aspect of reading practice versus its linguistic aspect. “Observations,” it specifies and qualifies the approximate tenor of what is said and how it is said. “Semiotics,” it is the definition of the method and of the point of view under which these objects are investigated. “Pedagogical perspectives”, it is to refer to the field from which this study took its inspiration. Also, towards that it returns hoping to create bridges between several disciplines. This summary is a kind of explanation of the title, also intends to indicate the way of the reflection that develops the relationship of man to the written word that is based on the materiality

Se rattachant à la geste du roi, la Chanson d'Otinel n'avait pas été rééditée depuis le travail pionnier de F. Guessard et H. Michelant en 1858. Partant des objets tangibles que sont les manuscrits pour aller vers l'étude de la tradition et de l'œuvre, ce travail se propose de réexaminer l'ensemble des données disponibles, en vue de permettre la restauration d'une œuvre qui a connu une diffusion importante dans l'Europe médiévale, mais que nous ne conservons qu'en l'état de vestiges épars. La thèse prend un parti résolument méthodologique, en cherchant à faire bénéficier l'édition des progrès épistémologiques engendrés tant par les contributions les plus récentes aux débats propres à l'ecdotique et à la critique textuelle que par ce qu'il est convenu d'appeler les « humanités numériques ». L'édition tente ainsi de dépasser l'opposition entre philologie « nouvelle » et traditionnelle, de la méthode des fautes communes ou d'inspiration bédiériste, pour se placer dans la perspective d'une « quatrième voie » et d'une édition « tournée vers la tradition ». Les techniques de l'édition électronique et de la philologie numérique sont sollicitées afin de fournir une édition complète du corpus manuscrit, qui, par des transcriptions « à couches », donne accès à différentes représentations et au système graphique des différents témoins. L'édition vise également à la description et l'analyse des liens que ces témoins entretiennent entre eux, en mettant en place une méthode de représentation de la variance textuelle et en cherchant à appuyer l'analyse généalogique sur une prise en compte globale de la tradition, incluant les traductions médiévales (galloises, norroises, anglaises) et les versions dérivées. Le travail de modélisation et de description des manuscrits et de leurs textes, formalisé par un modèle XML/TEI conçu pour les besoins de cette édition mais se voulant de portée plus générale, est très nettement tourné vers l'exploitation des données, dans une perspective d'analyse quantitative doublée d'une approche plus traditionnelle (paléographie, scriptométrie, stemmatologie). Des méthodes relevant de la modélisation mathématique, de la statistique, de l'algorithmique et de l'intelligence artificielle sont mises en œuvre, ainsi que des traitements visant à permettre l'interopérabilité, la montée en masse et la systématisation du travail éditorial (reconnaissance optique de caractères, annotation linguistique, collation), au sein d'une chaîne éditoriale faisant la part belle à l'analyse. Les développements effectués sont principalement en XML (TEI, XSLT), R et Python
Part of the geste du roi, the Chanson d'Otinel had not been the subject of an edition since the pioneer work of F. Guessard and H. Michelant in 1858. Starting with the tangible objects that manuscripts are, and proceeding to the study of the tradition and work itself, this study aims to provide a new examination of all the available data, in order to enable a restoration of a song that has know an important diffusion in Medieval Europe, but whose scattered remains only are available to us. This study is given a firmly methodological orientation, and searches to apply to the edition the epistemological progresses brought by recent contributions in the field of textual criticism and ecdotics, as well as by what is now called “Digital Humanities”. It aims at overcoming the debate between “New” and Traditional Philology, based on the common errors method or of Bedierist inspiration, to place itself in the perspective of a “Fourth Way” and of an edition “oriented towards the tradition”. Digital scholarly editing and Digital Philology techniques are used in order to provide a full edition of the manuscript corpus, with “layered” transcriptions that give access to different representations and to the graphic system of all witnesses. The edition aims also at the study and description of the links between these witnesses, by suggesting a method of representation of textual variance and by rooting genealogical analysis in a global consideration of the tradition, including medieval translations (in Welsh, Norse, English) and derived versions. The modelling and description of manuscripts and their texts – formalised by an XML/TEI model conceived for this edition but seeking to be of more general interest – is clearly oriented towards data mining, and computational as well as traditional analysis (Palaeography, Scriptometry, Stemmatology). Methods from the fields of mathematical modelling, statistics, algorithmic, and artificial intelligence are put to use, as well as processes seeking to allow interoperability, scalability, and systematisation of editorial work (optical character recognition, linguistic tagging, collation), in a workflow centred on analysis. Main used languages are XML (TEI, XSLT), R and Python

A pesquisa investiga o complexo processo de informatização disciplinar da arquitetura, direcionando-se especificamente à abordagem das relações entre a concepção arquitetônica e o uso de modelos digitais. Nessa relação específica entre tecnologia informático-digital e criação toma-se como recorte privilegiado de estudo a produção das arquiteturas suportadas por técnicas digitais nas últimas duas décadas (1990-2010). Com esse intento, estipulam-se duas aproximações. A primeira evoca a compreensão da própria criação arquitetônica como prática disciplinada, por meio de uma revisão da teoria de projeto. Estabelece uma leitura do papel do homem e dos seus instrumentos no projeto arquitetônico, definindo-se critérios para o ensaio sobre as interferências da tecnologia digital. A segunda aproximação, retoma a filosofia do design proposta de Vilém Flusser. Nesse caso, a pesquisa situa os instrumentos tecnológicos como recurso de superação das limitações humanas, que, afetando as estruturas de pensamento e criação vigentes, delimitam novas relações entre homem, conhecimento, criatividade e realidade. Em especial são estabelecidas incursões teóricas a partir de conceitos propostos pelo filósofo: \"gesto de fazer\", \"aparelho\", \"imagem-técnica\", \"gesto do cálculo e da computação\" e, por fim, \"o programa\". Essas incursões propõem diálogos com outros teóricos do campo do conhecimento e estudos de caso que endossam a argumentação. Por fim, estabelecem-se considerações críticas sobre as interferências da tecnologia informático-digital na arquitetura, propondo-se perspectivas para a criação pautada nos modelos digitais.
This is a research about the complex computerization of Architecture discipline. It focuses on the relationship between architectural design and use of digital models. In this specific context between digital technology and human creation, the study of the production of Architecture supported by digital techniques in the last two decades (1990-2010) is a privileged study object. Considering this, the study stipulates two approaches. The first refers to the understanding of the architectural conception as a disciplined practice through a review of Design Theory. It establishes a lecture on the role of man and its tools in architectural design, defining criteria for the discussion on the influence of digital technology. The second approach uses the design philosophy proposed by Vilém Flusser. In this case, the research comprehends the technological tools as a means of overcoming human limitation. It affects the structures of thinking and creating, marking new relations between man, knowledge, creativity and reality. In particular, incursions are established from theoretical concepts proposed by the philosopher: \"gesture of making\", \"apparatus\", \"technical image\", \"gesture of calculation and computation\", and \"the program\". These approaches raids propose dialogues with other theorists of the field of knowledge and case studies that endorse the argument. Finally, they settle critical considerations about the influence of digital technology in Architecture offering up prospects for the creation based on digital models.

Cette adresse aux designers procède d'une démarche de décentrement anthropologique pour tenter de penser et prendre soin du digital comme spiritual au sens où Derrida interprétait ainsi le processus de questionnement mais aussi la technique chez Heidegger. Cet itinéraire passe par une critique de la notion d'information chez Simondon pour repenser « l'âme des objets ». Il se poursuit par une analyse de la question de la chair à partir de Merleau-Ponty pour proposer le passage d'une « chair souffrante du numérique » à une organologie et une pharmacologie du geste digital. Il aborde enfin ce que Bernard Stiegler nommait les technologies de l'esprit, par le prisme de l'intuition bergsonienne et de la transduction simondonienne pour réintroduire la pensée analogique dans le design numérique d'une bienveillance dispositive, condition techno-esthétique, éthique, cosmotechnique et politique du développement du bien commun et des savoirs
This address to designers stems from an approach of anthropological decentering to think and take care of the digital as spiritual in the sense that Derrida designated the process of questioning but also the of technique in Heidegger. This route goes through a critique of the notion of information in Simondon to try to rethink "the soul of objects". It continues with an analysis of the question of the Flesh from Merleau-Ponty to propose the passage from a "digital suffering flesh" to an organology and a pharmacology of the digital gesture. Finally, it approaches what Bernard Stiegler called the technologies of the through the prism of Bergsonian intuition and Simondonian transduction to reintroduce analogical thought into the digital design of a dispositive benevolence, techno-estheú, cosmotechnic, ethical and political condiú)n for the development of the common good and of knowledge

Trabalho de Projecto apresentado para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências da Comunicação
Perante o actual panorama de cruzamento entre ciências e artes e, após um estudo das áreas envolvidas, propõe-se a instalação Acto-Luz, de arte digital. Esta instalação conjuga os parâmetros emoção e luz. Como forma de expressão da emoção surge aqui o gesto e como demonstração da luz, operam-se a sua intensidade, cor e forma. Num espaço fechado, a gestualidade dos braços dos intervenientes é mapeada por um programa de computador que irá, segundo parâmetros pré-estabelecidos, atribuir-lhe uma emoção a qual será representada sobre a forma de imagens de luz projectadas numa tela que abrange todo o espaço. Estas imagens irão assim envolver o participante, estimulando neste um sentimento emocional. A instalação Acto-Luz forma assim um ciclo de acção-reacção, fomentando a experimentação. O projecto teve como bases de trabalho a investigação das áreas Emoção, Luz e Cor. A partir destas estabeleceram-se pontos de ancoragem entre parâmetros inerentes a cada uma das áreas, sistematizando os elementos recolhidos - sob a forma de correspondências - para formar um conceito global segundo o qual se rege a instalação.

Au cours des dernières années, l’avènement des technologies de captation du mouvement a radicalement transformé l’univers de la pratique artistique tout en ouvrant des perspectives inédites pour la recherche scientifique. La musique est actuellement l’un des domaines les plus impliqués dans ce renouvellement expressif et épistémologique. Dans ce cadre, les processus d’interaction entre médiation technologique, mouvement et son, semblent se décliner selon deux modalités majeures : d’une part, les technologies d’analyse du mouvement permettent d’étudier expérimentalement la connexion mutuelle entre phénomène acoustique et système sensori-moteur; de l’autre, la compréhension de la nature incarnée de l’expérience musicale oriente la conception et le développement de technologies interactives pour la performance vers un modèle plus holistique. En partant de ces prémisses, cette thèse porte sur la manière dont la transformation des aspects imperceptibles du mouvement en données perceptibles – sous forme de son – permet de prendre conscience des processus physiologiques et figuratifs qui sont à la base du geste. Dans ce contexte, la relation entre mouvement et feedback sonore est analysée selon une perspective écologique visant à mettre en lumière comment la médiation technologique induit un processus d’extension et d’intensification autopoïétique de l’anatomie corporelle. Notamment dans le cas de la pratique performative, l’interaction sonore offre alors au performeur la possibilité de redéfinir sa propre organisation perceptive sur la base d’un un nouveau répertoire des données sensorielles, lui permettant ainsi de repenser la composition expressive du mouvement
During the last years, motion sensing technologies have radically transformed the universe of the artistic practice. This dramatic change has recently inspired new perspectives in scientific research. Music is actually among the most affected domaines by this expressive and epistemological renewal. The interactive relation between mediation technology, movement and sound, seems to be declined into two main modalities : on one hand, movement analysis’ technologies allow to study mutual connections between acoustic phenomenon and sensorimotor system, on the other hand, embodied understanding of musical experience can help to devise an holistic approach to interactive systems conception and development. Given this background scenario, this thesis focuses on how movement’s qualities transformation into sound allows the performer to become aware of physiological and imaginative processes in gesture composition. In this framework, sound feedback-movement relation is analyzed from an ecological point of view. According to this approach, mediation technology seems to elicit an autopoietic process of extension and intensification of corporeality. Especially in the artistic performance, sound interaction offers to performer a new sensorial geography that allows him/her to renew his/her perceptive organization and thereby rethink expressive composition of movement

Este trabalho analisa o uso de interfaces físicas digitais na criação e performance da música eletroacústica em tempo real, sobretudo pelo conceito de gesto musical. Para tal propósito, primeiramente, foi realizado um estudo sistemático de dois objetos centrais para pesquisa, a saber, as interfaces digitais e o conceito de gesto em música. Revisitamos alguns elementos sobre a construção de instrumentos musicais digitais, acrescentado novas perspectivas à luteria digital a partir da concepção de gesto musical, como por exemplo, na concepção de mapeamento. Além disso, levantamos algumas questões estéticas referentes tanto a compreensão destas interfaces como instrumentos musicais quanto seu uso na composição musical e na performance do live electronics. O conceito de gesto musical, por usa vez, é compreendido neste trabalho como uma questão emergente da prática musical na contemporaneidade. Apontamos para os diferentes entendimentos das pesquisas em música sobre os significados contidos neste conceito, como suas dimensões corporal e sonora e suas capacidades cinética e semântica. Assim, expandimos o conceito de gesto musical em um contexto que utiliza estas interfaces para ideias como as de corporalidade, fisicalidade e causalidade. Posteriormente, propomos a junção entre os elementos presentes no conceito de gesto musical com os elementos constitutivos das interfaces e com a prática de criação musical e performance mediada por elas, principalmente sobre o ponto de vista da causalidade. Desta maneira reconhecemos que o relacionamento entre as ações corporais e os movimentos sonoros contribuem para a significação musical nas práticas que utilizam interfaces físicas digitais. Identificamos que estas relações de causalidade podem se apresentar desde modelos físico-naturais de coerência gestual, como em relações artificiais entre gesto e som e seus substituintes. Finalmente, é apresentada uma metodologia de análise para performances que utilizam estas interfaces, como aqui compreendidas, que contemplam tanto como a interface se apresenta para o músico que a toca quanto como a relação entre performer e interface podem ser compreendidas pelo espectador-ouvinte. Estas proposições demonstram como as interfaces estão inseridas em um contexto que considera o corpo como um elemento estético na criação da música eletroacústica ao vivo.
This research analyzes the use of digital physical interfaces in the creation and performance of electroacoustic music in real time, especially the concept of musical gesture. For this purpose, first, we conducted a systematic study of two central objects for research, namely, digital interfaces and the concept of gesture in music. We revisit some core elements of the construction of digital musical instruments, added new perspectives to digital luthiery from the concept of musical gesture as the mapping. In addition, we raised some aesthetic issues both an understanding of these interfaces as musical instruments as their use in musical composition and performance of live electronics. The concept of musical gesture, in turn, is understood in this study as an emerging issue of musical practice nowadays. We pointed to the different understandings of research in music about the meanings contained in this concept, as body and sound dimensions and kinetic and semantic capabilities. Thus, we have expanded the concept of musical gesture in a context that uses these interfaces to ideas such as corporeality, physicality and causality. Subsequently, we propose the junction between the elements present in the concept of musical gesture with the constituent elements of the interfaces and the practice of music creation and performance mediated by them, especially on the point of view of causality. Thus we recognize that the relationship between bodily actions and sound movements contribute to the musical significance in practices that use digital physical interfaces. We identify that these causal relationships may present from physical and natural models of gestural coherence, as artificial relationship between gesture and sound and their surrogates Finally, it is presented a methodology for performances that use these interfaces, as here understood, which include both how the interface is presented to the musician that plays much like the relationship between performer and interface can be understood by the viewer-listener. These proposals demonstrate how the interfaces are inserted in a context that considers the body as an aesthetic element in the practice of the live electroacoustic music.

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Apresenta projeto de interven??o que prop?e mudan?a na estrutura organizacional e operacional da Junta Comercial do Rio Grande do Norte. Analisa as rotinas de fluxo das atividades do registro empresarial e a estrutura organizacional. Compara os modelos, atual com o proposto. O trabalho ? dividido em seis cap?tulos que elenca desde a descri??o da institui??o, objeto do trabalho, at? a proposta de um novo modelo organizacional e operacional. Usa a metodologia de revis?o bibliogr?fica e experi?ncia emp?rica.
Displays intervention project that proposes changes in the organizational and operational structure of the Board of Trade of Rio Grande do Norte. Analyzes routine flow of activities of business registration and organizational structure. Compare the models, with the current proposed. The work is divided into six chapters which lists since the description of the institution, work object, until the proposed new organizational and operational model. Uses the methodology of literature review and observation of reality

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Esta ? uma etnografia de um ?grupo de gestantes?. Ela tem como recorte anal?tico o estudo das camadas m?dias urbanas no contexto particular da cidade de Natal/RN. A partir de uma pesquisa de campo realizada entre abril de 2015 e abril de 2016, eu descrevo o cotidiano de um grupo de mulheres, desde a gesta??o at? a maternidade. A minha inser??o em campo durante a gravidez, o uso do aplicativo de mensagens WhatsApp, consumo, sofrimento, subjetividade, mulher, maternidade, g?nero e a cr?tica feminista s?o temas que constituem o que apresento ao longo do trabalho. A partir deles, o que procuro mostrar ? que a pesquisa etnogr?fica permite perceber importantes nuances, contradi??es e transforma??es, como aquelas que configuram debates em torno da maternidade ideal e real, as pol?ticas de parto, a carreira profissional e a maternidade, a dor e a alegria, s?o parte de ambival?ncias negoci?veis e que ganham sentidos bem particulares no contexto pesquisado.
This is an ethnography about a ?group of pregnant?. It has as an analytical clipping the study of the urban middle strata, in the particular context of the city of Natal/RN. From a empirical fieldwork realized between April 2015 and April 2016, I describe the daily life of a group of women, as from of pregnancy to motherhood. My insertion in the field during the pregnancy, the use of WhatsApp messenger, consumption, suffering, subjectivity, woman, mothering, gender and the feminist critique are issues that constitute what present throughout the work. From them, what I try to show is that ethnographic research allows us to perceive important nuances, contradictions and transformations, such as those that constitute debates about ideal and real motherhood, childbirth policies, professional careers and maternity, pain and the joy, are part of negotiable ambivalences and that gain particular senses context researched.

Il progetto è inserito nella cornice del trasferimento tecnologico e si muove nell’ambito delle Digital Humanities. Esso mira a esplorare e analizzare le diverse tipologie di musealizzazione e comunicazione digitale al fine di migliorare e promuovere la fruizione del patrimonio, insieme ai risultati della ricerca archeologica. Per fare ciò e per individuare nuovi possibili approcci all'educazione e all'apprendimento basati sul gesto, è stato valutato il potenziale della realtà mista attraverso lo sviluppo di Preistoria Digitale. Questa è un'applicazione di realtà mista, sviluppata in collaborazione con due aziende partner (Tryeco 2.0 srl e WeAR srl) che mira a favorire un approccio più coinvolgente e interattivo al patrimonio museale grazie a un'interfaccia utente naturale (NUI).
The project is rooted in the frame of technological transfer and moves in the context of Digital Humanities. It aims to explore and analyse the types of digital musealization and communication in order to improve and promote the fruition of the heritage together with the results of archaeological researches. To do so and in order to figure out new possible approaches to education and learning, founded on gesture, the potential of mixed reality as been assessed through the development of Preistoria Digitale. This is a mixed reality application, developed in collaboration with two partner companies (Tryeco 2.0 srl and WeAR srl) that aims to foster a more involving and interactive approch to the museum heritage thanks to a natural user interface (NUI).

Les instruments de musique numériques se présentent comme des objets complexes, qui se situent à la fois dans une continuité historique avec l'histoire de la lutherie tout en étant marqués par une rupture forte provoquée par le numérique et ses conséquences en terme de possibilités sonores, de relations entre le geste et le son, de situations d'écoute, de re-configurabilité des instruments, etc. Ce travail de doctorat propose une analyse des caractéristiques émanant de l'intégration du numérique dans les instruments de musique, en s'appuyant notamment sur une réflexion musicologique, sur des développements logiciels et matériels et sur une pratique musicale, ainsi que sur des échanges avec d'autres musiciens, luthiers, compositeurs et chercheurs
Digital musical instruments appear as complex objects, being positioned in a continuum with the history of lutherie as well as marked with a strong disruption provoked by the digital technology and its consequences in terms of sonic possibilities, relations between gesture and sound, listening situations, reconfigurability of instruments and so on. This doctoral work tries to describe the characteristics originating from the integration of digital technology into musical instruments, drawing notably on a musicological reflection, on softwares and hardwares development, on musical practice, as well as a number of interactions with other musicians, instruments makers, composers and researchers

A las personas mayores apenas se les pregunta qué piensan de Internet y de los ordenadores que componen el "mundo digital". Al no ser debidamente consideradas en las principales encuestas e investigaciones, su percepción sigue siendo bastante desconocida. Esta tesis doctoral se basa en observaciones etnográficas realizadas en el contexto de un curso de informática llevado a cabo en una residencia para personas mayores durante el verano de 2012. Asimismo, a parte de las observaciones etnográficas que pusieron de manifiesto los patrones de relación en la residencia, también se realizó un análisis temático de largas entrevistas abiertas con 20 residentes y 5 profesionales del centro. En esta tesis doctoral que evoluciona como ensayo presentaré algunos de los resultados de mi percepción, análisis e interpretación. Digo algunos porque entiendo que hay mucho más que podría decirse. Intenté recogerlo todo hasta que me di cuenta de que "ese todo” era una tarea imposible, ya que mi escritura y el marco de mi propia tesis funcionaban como una banda de Moebius. La persona lectora verá que es un bucle continuo que registra todos los eventos que puedo recordar o que fueron importantes para mí. Incluso vuelvo al punto de partida y recorro el camino de nuevo hasta el final con diferentes aportaciones. Todos sabemos que hay un límite en nuestro propio empeño académico como estudiante de postgrado. No obstante, es importante destacar que las personas más mayores de esta residencia percibieron Internet y los ordenadores: 1) como un todo, lo que llamamos un atributo de totalidad, 2) omnipotente, 3) omnisciente, 4) como una transferencia encarnada y, por último, 5) como una fuente o medio no confiable. Podría concluir que su percepción de Internet y de los ordenadores está enmarañada con sus preocupaciones sobre la seguridad y, especialmente, sobre cuestiones relacionadas con la privacidad. Tener en cuenta estos aspectos ayudaría a entender lo que Internet y los ordenadores significan para estas personas y, por tanto, facilitar la investigación de lo que la digitalización de la sociedad implica para todas las personas, incluyendo a aquellas que no cuentan. A lo largo de toda la descripción de los cuatro meses de observaciones etnográficas podemos ver cómo las personas mayores afirman no ser mayores. Además, su percepción de las tecnologías se enmaraña con su comprensión de la vida y la muerte, de la autonomía o de lo que constituye la integración de todas las partes que forman un ser humano. Las relaciones con la sociedad y con lo que suponemos hacer o no hacer, lleva a cuerpos habilitados para algunas cosas y discapacitados para otras. Llevando mis lecturas de Rancière más allá, aplico el tema de la igualdad y de la emancipación en este caso. Debería estar de acuerdo con las personas mayores en que son personas activas según sí mismas, en sus propios términos. Por ejemplo, estar al día en tecnologías digitales no puede ser simplemente una cuestión de envejecimiento activo. Las explicaciones binarias donde la sociedad, la literatura y nosotros mismos estamos atrapados están presentes en esta tesis doctoral. Las personas más mayores en la residencia son excluidas por edadismo y por el hecho de que están viviendo en una residencia. Al dar espacio a sus opiniones salieron a la superficie preguntas que no esperaba ni había calculado de antemano. Fue una sorpresa, y este es el valor central de esta tesis, pusieron en cuestión las preguntas que me parecieron apropiadas para una investigación en ciencias sociales; no sólo respondieron de manera diferente e inesperada, sino que también nos trajeron nuevas preguntas para responder.
The oldest old are barely asked about what they think about Internet and computers that make up the 'digital world'. Not being duly considered in major surveys and research their perception remains quite unknown. This doctoral dissertation draws on ethnographic observations in an IT training for the oldest old in the context of a retirement home activity taking place in summer 2012. It draws also attention to ethnographic observations in the retirement home patterns of living and adding to that, a thematic decomposition was made of long open-ended interviews with 20 residents and 5 professionals providing care. In this doctoral dissertation that evolves as an essay I will introduce some of the results of my perception, analysis and interpretation. I say some because I understand there is quite a lot more that could be said. I tried to gather everything until I realised that "everything" was an impossible task and the framework of my own thesis became a Moebius strip. The reader will see a continuous-loop recording of all the events that I can recall or were important for me. I will ever come back to the starting point traversing the path to end in different insights. We all know there is a boundary in our own academic pursuit as post-graduate students. Notwithstanding, I will highlight that the oldest old in this retirement home perceived Internet and computers: 1) as a whole, what we called a wholeness attribute, 2) all-embracing, 3) omnipotent, 4) as an embodied transfer, and last, 5) as not a trustworthy source or medium. I could conclude that their perception of the Internet and computers is entangled with concerns about security and especially privacy related issues. I suggest that bearing in mind these aspects should help to understand what the Internet and computers mean for them, and therefore can lead to research of what digitization of society implies to all people, including those who don’t count. Throughout the whole description of the four months of ethnographic observations we can see how older people are claiming not to be old. Also, their perception of technologies is also entangled with their understanding of life and death, being autonomous or what constitutes the integration of all the parts that form a whole human being. Relations to society and to what we suppose to do or not do, leads to bodies enabled to do some things and disabled to do other ones. I’m taking my readings of Rancière further by applying the subject of equality and emancipation in this case. I agree with older people that they are active-upon-themselves in their own way. For instance, being updated in digital technologies could not simply be a matter of active ageing. The society the litrature and ourselves are caught in binary accounts and this are present in this doctoral dissertation. The oldest old in the retirement home are excluded by ageism and by the fact that they are living in a retirement home. Making room for their opinions brought to the surface questions that I did not expect and calculate beforehand. It was a surprise, and this is the core value of this thesis, they put into question the questions I thought were appropriate for a research in social sciences; they not only answered different and unexpectedly, they also brought new questions for us to answer.

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This paper aims at addressing the situation of social inequality suffered by large part of the population in Brazil and discusses the need to immediately and effectively guarantee the access of these subordinate groups to better and more equal conditions of life. It also looks at data collected to reflexively analyze the results of the project of social equality promotion by digital inclusion, planned and funded as an Extension Project by the Institui??o de Ensino Superior UniFOA. Thus, it sets out to investigate the situation of social inequality suffered by the Brazilian lower classes based on the analysis of the major determinants of such situation, defining the so-called Information Society and approaching its meaning and importance in the current scientific and technological Brazilian context. Based on the results of the investigation, it analyzes the present-day situation of digital exclusion, pointing out the undesirable consequences that Brazil may have to face in case the country does not follow the international patterns of competition and commercial marketing observed in leading companies in the modern world scenario. Reflecting upon the economical, social and political consequences of the work versus job dialectic, it presents the importance of promoting digital inclusion and social equality, as a result of a consequent of a wider access to better work conditions and of the establishment of more symmetrical financial and power relations. Eventually it looks at the outcomes of the Projeto Rede Solidariedade do UniFOA , analyzing data presented by the participants to evaluate the achieved results.
O presente trabalho discute a situa??o de exclus?o social em que se encontra a popula??o brasileira e a necessidade de se promover de forma imediata e contundente a inclus?o dessa parcela da sociedade e, ainda, faz uma analise reflexiva dos dados recolhidos sobre o desempenho do projeto de inclus?o social, pela inclus?o digital, oferecido e operacionalizado como Projeto de Extens?o, pela Institui??o de Ensino Superior UniFOA. Dessa forma, contextualiza a situa??o de exclus?o social em que se encontra uma parcela consider?vel da popula??o brasileira, a partir dos fatores determinantes que levam a essa a??o, buscando definir o que alguns autores chamam de Sociedade da Informa??o, com o seu significado e a import?ncia que o momento cient?fico e tecnol?gico representa para o Brasil. A partir dessa contextualiza??o, busca o entendimento do que pode significar a exclus?o digital e os reflexos que poder?o advir se o Brasil n?o se enquadrar nos novos padr?es de competi??o e de concorr?ncia em que se encontram as empresas no cen?rio mundial. A partir de uma reflex?o acerca do significado social, pol?tico e econ?mico do bin?mio trabalho x emprego, discorre sobre a import?ncia da busca da inclus?o digital, como forma de promover a inclus?o social, com o objetivo de oportunizar melhores condi??es de trabalho e promover uma melhor distribui??o de renda da qual participem as popula??es mais carentes e necessitadas. Finalmente, analisa o desempenho do Projeto Rede Solidariedade do UniFOA, a partir dos dados capturados com os participantes dos diferentes segmentos do projeto, como forma de avaliar o seu desempenho e valid?-lo quanto ? busca de seus objetivos.

Das Bibliothekswesen steht vor der Herausforderung, die rasant wachsende und umfassende Verbreitung digitaler Medien in neue Nutzungskonzepte einzubinden, beispielsweise durch eine Steigerung der Aufenthaltsqualität. (vgl. Bonte, 2011) Begriffe wie digital library, hybrid library oder blended library versuchen, die Rolle der Bibliotheken im digitalen Zeitalter neu zu definieren. (vgl. Gläser, 2008) Die Sächsische Landes- und Universitätsbibliothek (SLUB) begegnet dieser Herausforderung unter anderem mit dem verstärkten Aufbau digitaler Bestände. Sie verfügt daher über umfangreiche digitale Kollektionen, die mit Hilfe eines geplanten öffentlichen interaktiven Systems für die Bibliotheksbesucher auf ansprechende Weise erfahrbar gemacht werden sollen. Die Exploration der digitalen Sammlungen steht dabei im Vordergrund, bereits existierende Katalogfunktionalität soll nicht ersetzt, sondern ergänzt werden. Zu diesem Zweck wird untersucht, wie durch öffentliche Interaktion das Interesse an digitalen Inhalten am Beispiel der Sammlung „Deutsche Fotothek“ gesteigert werden kann. Dabei wird besonders betrachtet, wie durch Embodied Interaction in Verbindung mit der Visualisierung des komplexen Informationsraumes der digitalen Sammlungen eine leicht erlernbare gestenbasierte Steuerung erreicht werden kann. (Dourish, 2004) Der Hauptbeitrag dieser Arbeit liegt in der Konzeption und Umsetzung eines Anwendungsprototypen, der im öffentlichen Bereich der SLUB installiert wird.

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
The present work was carried through in the Grossos city - RN and had as main objectives the elaboration of an physicist-ambient, socioeconomic survey and execution a multisecular evaluation of 11 years, between 1986 and 1996, using remote sensing products, to evaluate the modifications of the land use, aiming at the generation of an information database to implementation a geographical information system (GIS) to management the this city. For they had been in such a way raised given referring the two Demographic Censuses carried through by the IBGE (1991 and 2000) and compared, of this form was possible to the accomplishment of an evaluation on the demographic aspects (degree of urbanization, et?ria structure, educational level) and economic (income, habitation, vulnerability, human development). For the ambient physical survey the maps of the natural resources had been confectioned (simplified geology, hydrography, geomorphologi, veget covering, ground association, use and occupation), based in comments of field and orbital products of remote sensoriamento (images Spot-HRVIR, Landsat 5-TM and IKONOS - II), using itself of techniques of digital picture processing. The survey of these data and important in the identification of the potentialities and fragilities of found ecosystems, therefore allows an adequate planning of the partner-economic development by means of an efficient management. The project was part of a partnership between the Grossos city hall the municipal City hall of Grossos - RN and the Geoscience post-graduate program of the UFRN, more specifically the Geomatica laboratory LAGEOMA
O presente trabalho foi realizado no Munic?pio de Grossos RN e teve como principais objetivos ? elabora??o de um levantamento s?cio-econ?mico, f?sico-ambiental e execu??o uma avalia??o multitemporal de 11 anos, entre o per?odo de 1986 e 1996, utilizando-se de produtos de sensores orbitais, para avaliar as modifica??es ocorridas na utiliza??o e ocupa??o do solo, visando a gera??o de uma base informacional para implementa??o de um Sistema de Informa??es Geogr?ficas (SIG) voltado para a gest?o ambiental do referido Munic?pio. Para tanto foram levantados dados referentes a dois Censos Demogr?ficos realizados pelo IBGE (1991 e 2000) e comparados, desta forma foi poss?vel ? realiza??o de uma avalia??o sobre os aspectos demogr?ficos (grau de urbaniza??o, estrutura et?ria, n?vel educacional) e econ?micos (renda, habita??o, vulnerabilidade, desenvolvimento humano). Para o levantamento f?sico ambiental foram confeccionados os mapas dos recursos naturais (geologia simplificada, hidrografia, geomorfologia, cobertura vegetal, associa??o de solos, uso e ocupa??o), baseados em observa??es de campo e produtos orbitais de sensoriamento remoto (imagens SPOT-HRVIR, Landsat 5-TM e IKONOS - II), utilizando-se de t?cnicas de processamento de imagens digitais. O levantamento destes dados e importante na identifica??o das potencialidades e fragilidades dos ecossistemas encontrados, pois permite um planejamento adequado do desenvolvimento s?cio-econ?mico por meio de um gerenciamento eficaz. O projeto fez parte de uma parceria entre a Prefeitura municipal de GrossosRN e o Programa de P?s-gradua??o em Geoci?ncias da UFRN, mais especificamente o Laborat?rio de Geom?tica LAGEOMA

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The objective of this study is to investigate how the processes of collective intelligence can contribute to support the risk management of a financial institution, in the context of digital business. For the theoretical foundation of this objective, the research was made to access the publications on the topics of strategic intelligence, collective intelligence, digital business and risk management in financial institutions. This research was made through qualitative approaches, through documentary sources focused on risk management processes in financial institutions and digital, and quantitative, made through a questionnaire applied to employees assigned to agencies of a financial institution that attend in the Digital model. It was observed that these employees feel responsible for the risk management process coming from digital businesses and want to contribute actively with this process. They identify that the fraud event and external theft of operational risk is primarily responsible for the losses resulting from the implementation of the digital business model in financial institutions.The results showed the need for improvements in the risk management process of financial institutions to deal with the risks arising from the changes brought about by the digital business. In order to treat these improvements, a framework was proposed to build a collective intelligence in the scope of risk management of a financial institution.
O objetivo deste estudo ?? investigar como os processos de intelig??ncia coletiva podem contribuir para apoiar o gerenciamento de riscos de neg??cios digitais de uma institui????o financeira. Para a fundamenta????o te??rica desse objetivo, foi realizada pesquisa para acesso ??s publica????es sobre os temas intelig??ncia estrat??gica, intelig??ncia coletiva, neg??cios digitais e gerenciamento de riscos em institui????es financeiras. Essa pesquisa foi realizada atrav??s das abordagens qualitativa, realizada a partir de fontes documentais com foco nos processos de gerenciamento de riscos em institui????es financeiras e neg??cios digitais e quantitativa, realizada por meio de question??rio aplicado aos funcion??rios alocados em ag??ncias de uma institui????o financeira que atendem no modelo digital. Foi observado que estes funcion??rios se sentem respons??veis pelo processo de gest??o de riscos provenientes dos neg??cios digitais e querem contribuir ativamente com este processo. Eles identificam que o evento fraudes e roubos externos do risco operacional ?? o principal respons??vel pelas perdas resultantes da implementa????o do modelo de neg??cios digitais em institui????es financeiras. Os resultados encontrados comprovaram a necessidade de melhorias no processo de gerenciamento de riscos das institui????es financeira para lidar com os riscos advindos das mudan??as provocadas pelos neg??cios digitais. Buscando atender estas melhorias, foi proposto um arcabou??o para se construir uma intelig??ncia coletiva no escopo do gerenciamento de riscos de uma institui????o financeira.

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Accounting in Brazil has undergone profound changes with the recent adaptation to international standards and because of the constant process of computerization of accounting and tax imposed by tax legislation, arises in this context called the \"SPED\", Public Digital Bookkeeping System, created by the Federal Government in 2007, to replace manual bookkeeping paper to digital. Once put into operation the system, companies subject to the delivery of these bonds will provide information via digital files to government oversight (City, State and Federal). With the implementation of these projects, companies will experience significant impacts in their practices Internal Control and Risk Management. Against this backdrop, this study aimed to: \"Check in the perception of the interviewees, to what extent were affected practices Internal Controls and Risk Management of three companies participating in the Pilot Project of the Internal Revenue Service in the implementation of SPED Accounting.\" To achieve this qualitative study was undertaken of documentary and bibliographic character. Data were obtained from the three professional companies that participated in the pilot project, collected using an interview script, with analysis of the results assessed by the technique of content analysis. It was found that the main impacts on the deployment layout Accounting SPED were the adaptation of integrated systems and the transition of the Chart of Accounts of the Company with the Chart of Accounts Reference imposed by the government due to the large volume of information generated in the systems. The survey found that companies practiced a policy of internal controls, in order to monitor and control departmental procedures and measured the risks incurred in the implementation of Accounting SPED. As for risk management, it was found that at the time of project implementation SPED Accounting, had not adopted policies to measure and mitigate the flow of information in the consolidated accounting and tax accounting
A Contabilidade brasileira tem passado por profundas altera????es com a recente adequa????o ??s normas internacionais e devido ao constante processo de informatiza????o dos processos cont??beis e fiscais impostos pela legisla????o tribut??ria. Surge neste contexto o chamado \"SPED\", Sistema P??blico de Escritura????o Digital, criado pelo Governo Federal em 2007, para substituir a escritura????o manual em papel para a digital. Uma vez implatado o sistema, as Empresas sujeitas ?? entrega dessas obriga????es fornecer??o informa????es por meio de arquivos digitais aos ??rg??os governamentais de fiscaliza????o (Municipal, Estadual e Federal). Com a implanta????o desses projetos, as empresas sofrer??o significativos impactos em suas pr??ticas de Controle Interno e Gest??o de Riscos. Diante desse cen??rio, a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo: \"Verificar na percep????o dos sujeitos entrevistados, em que medida foram afetadas as pr??ticas de Controles Internos e Gest??o de Riscos de tr??s empresas participantes do Projeto Piloto da Receita Federal na implanta????o do SPED Cont??bil\". Para atingir este objetivo foi realizada pesquisa qualitativa, de carater documental e bibliogr??fico. Os dados foram obtidos junto a profissionais das tr??s empresas que participaram do projeto piloto, coletados por meio de um roteiro de entrevista, com an??lises dos resultados avaliados pela t??cnica de an??lise de conte??do. Constatou-se que os principais impactos na implanta????o ao layout do SPED Cont??bil foram a adapta????o dos sistemas integrados e a transi????o do Plano de Contas da Empresa com o Plano de Contas Referencial imposto pelo Governo, devido ao grande volume de informa????es geradas nos sistemas. A pesquisa constatou que as empresas praticavam a politica de controles internos, com objetivo de fiscalizar e controlar os procedimentos internos dos departamentos e que mensuravam os riscos ocorridos na implanta????o do SPED Cont??bil. Quanto ?? gest??o de riscos, constatou-se que na ??poca da implanta????o do projeto SPED Cont??bil, n??o havia pol??ticas adotadas para mensurar e mitigar os riscos dos fluxos das informa????es cont??beis e fiscais consolidadas na Contabilidade

Dans les grandes entreprises industrielles, la transmission des savoirs incorporés dans les gestes professionnels s’opère traditionnellement au sein d’une articulation de stages de formation animés par d’anciens opérateurs, et de pratiques de compagnonnage réalisées directement sur site. Cette situation est amenée à évoluer car aujourd’hui, beaucoup d’entreprises industrielles sont confrontées au problème d’un départ à la retraite massif d’opérateurs. Cela nécessite, d’une part, la conservation des gestes professionnels adaptés au maintien des installations techniques vieillissantes, et d’autre part une adaptation des gestes professionnels à la mutation technologique. Dans le secteur de l’énergie, Electricité de France (EDF) est confrontée à cette problématique d’évolution du compagnonnage. Pour cette entreprise, la situation est complexifiée par la variabilité des pratiques : présence d’un parc de près d’une centaine de centrales de production électrique fortement distribuées géographiquement avec des modes de production énergétique diversifiés impliquant des pratiques culturelles différentes (nucléaire, thermique, hydraulique).Le présent travail de recherche vise deux objectifs :(1) Sur le plan théorique, nous avons cherché à comprendre, à partir de données de terrain, la nature de la transmission et de la formalisation des savoirs – aussi bien explicites qu’implicites – sous-jacents à l’exécution des gestes professionnels. Cela passe : - d’une part, par la confrontation des approches existantes dans les différentes écoles, au niveau international, à la réalité empirique ; - et d’autre part, par l’identification du fossé existant dans la littérature quant au traitement et à la modélisation des connaissances tacites et des savoirs incorporés par rapport aux nécessités pratiques de la transmission.(2) Sur le plan pratique, nous avons cherché à développer une approche de capture située des savoirs incorporés en explorant le recours aux instruments d’ethnographie numérique. Ceci vise :-d’une part, à pérenniser les connaissances liées aux gestes ;-et d’autre part, à concevoir une méthode de création de supports pédagogiques structurés, à base de vidéo. Cette phase pratique a permis de tester nos modèles sur des cas réels. L’articulation des outils techniques, théoriques et méthodologiques que nous avons appliqués a conduit à la conception de plusieurs produits.Nous avons conçu et confronté au terrain une méthode de capture et d’analyse des gestes professionnels. Cette méthode s’appuie sur un double enregistrement vidéo : caméra externe et caméra subjective embarquée sur le casque de l’opérateur réalisant le geste. Cet enregistrement est couplé à un protocole de verbalisation spécifique en situation de réalisation du geste.Nous avons également maquetté, testé en situation pédagogique, et formalisé une ressource didactique : le Multimédia Apprenant (MAP). Ce dernier se base sur une décomposition et une structuration du geste illustrée principalement par de la vidéo annotée mais aussi par des schémas fonctionnels, des images, des photos, etc. Cette décomposition du geste est issue de l’analyse réalisée en amont sur fond de théorie russe de l’activité et de qualité perçue.Ces deux produits fournissent une chaîne opérationnelle, à destination des formateurs de la branche formation d’EDF, pour la capture et la transmission du savoir tacite et explicite incorporé dans les gestes professionnels. L’insertion du MAP dans le dispositif pédagogique d’EDF, au sein des sessions de formation réelles, a été évaluée et accueillie très positivement par les formateurs et les stagiaires. Il a été décidé au mois de mai 2011 de lancer la phase d’industrialisation de la méthode et du MAP dans l’entreprise
In large industrial companies, the transmission of the embodied in professional practices traditionally takes place as part of a series of training courses given by former operators and of journeyman practices implemented directly on site. This situation will undoubtedly change, because nowadays many companies are facing the problem of a massive departure of operators into retirement. This requires, on the one hand, the preservation of the appropriate professional gestures for the maintenance of aging technical plant, and on the other hand an adaptation of the professional gestures to technological evolution. In the energy sector, Electricité de France (EDF) is also confronted with this issue of the evolution of these journeyman practices. For the company, the situation is rendered more complex as a result of highly variable practices due to the presence of almost one hundred power generation plants with a wide geographic distribution, and with diversified generation methods involving different cultural practices (nuclear, thermal, hydraulic).The present research addresses two objectives:(1) On the theoretical level, we sought to understand, based on field data, the nature of the explicit and implicit transmission and formalization of knowledge underlying the performance of professional gestures. This takes place: - on the one hand, by means of the confrontation of the existing approaches in the different schools, at international level, with the empirical reality; - and, on the other hand, by means of the identification of the gap in the literature as concerns the treatment and modelling of tacit knowledge and embodied know-how as compared to the practical requirements of transmission.(2) On the practical level, we sought to develop an approach to situational learning of embodied know-how by exploring the recourse to digital ethnography tools. This aims:- on the one hand, to perpetuate the knowledge linked to the gestures;- and, on the other hand, to devise a method for the creation of structured, video-based educational supports. This practical phase has afforded the opportunity to test our models on real life cases. The combination of technical, theoretical and methodological tools we applied has led to the design of several products.We designed, and tested on the field, a method for the capture and analysis of professional gestures. This method is based on dual video recordings: an external camera and a subjective camera mounted on the safety helmet of the operator performing the gesture. This recording is coupled to a specific protocol of oral expression whilst performing the gesture.We also modelled, tested and formalised a teaching resource in an educational setting: the Multimedia platform for APprenticeship (MAP). It is based on a decomposition and structuring of the gesture illustrated primarily by annotated video but also by means of functional schematics images, photos, etc. This decomposition results from the analysis of the gesture carried out upstream and based on Russian Activity Theory and Perceived Quality.These two products provide an operational chain intended for the trainers of EDF’s Training Division, for the capture and transmission of the tacit and explicit knowledge involved in professional gestures. The incorporation of the MAP into EDF’s educational system, in real life training sessions, has been very positively evaluated and received by both trainers and trainees. In May 2011 it was decided to launch the industrialization phase of the method and the MAP throughout the company

L'avvento dei Big Data e il loro progressivo aumento di volume e complessità ha permesso lo sviluppo di scenari completamente nuovi per le aziende. In particolare, le tecniche di gestione, analisi e conversione dei dati grezzi in informazioni “sexy” sono in continua evoluzione. Allo stesso tempo, il paradigma 4.0 sempre più diffuso svela cambiamenti radicali non solo nella tecnologia ma anche nella struttura e nelle dinamiche del lavoro, modificando competenze e capacità richieste dalla manifattura e dai servizi. Inoltre, se le attività di routine sembrano essere suscettibili alla digitalizzazione, d'altra parte il possesso di competenze trasversali (note anche come soft skills) identifica sempre più un collo di bottiglia per l'automazione, e le stesse risultano essere sempre più richieste dal mercato del lavoro. In relazione a ciò, lo scopo del presente lavoro è studiare gli effetti dell'Industria 4.0 sulla forza lavoro, sviluppando strumenti di Text Mining ad hoc per gestirne adeguatamente l'impatto e fornendo un supporto tangibile in questa fase critica di transizione. Inoltre, questa tesi si concentra sul soddisfare le esigenze di tre principali stakeholder: la gestione delle risorse umane nel recruiting, riqualificazione e miglioramento delle competenze; le Istituzioni per costruire percorsi di apprendimento personalizzati e aggiornare database riconosciuti come standard a livello internazionale; i policy maker per prevedere gli effetti eterogenei della digitalizzazione sui profili professionali, analizzando il mutamento della domanda di competenze sulle filiere in Emilia-Romagna.
The advent of Big Data and their progressive increase in volume and complexity has allowed the development of completely new scenarios for companies. Particularly, the techniques of management, analysis and conversion of raw data into “sexy” information are constantly evolving. At the same time, the increasingly widespread paradigm 4.0 discloses radical changes not only in technology but also in the structure and dynamics of work, changing skills and abilities required by manufacturing and services. In addition, if routinely tasks seem to be susceptible to digitalization, on the other hand ownership of transversal skills (also known as soft skills) is ever more recognized as a bottleneck for automation and they are ever more required by the labour market. In view of this, the purpose of the present work is to study the effects of Industry 4.0 on the workforce, developing ad hoc Text Mining tools to properly manage its impact, and providing a tangible support in this transitional and critical phase. Moreover, this thesis focuses on satisfying the needs of three main stakeholders: HR management in recruitment, reskilling and upskilling; Institutions to build customized learning paths and to update International recognized databases; Policy makers to foresight the heterogeneous effects of digitalization on job profiles, analysing the change of skill demand on supply chains in Emilia-Romagna.

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A interoperabilidade possibilita comunica??o entre reposit?rios digitais de acesso aberto podendo facilitar e agilizar o dep?sito da produ??o nos reposit?rios. Nesse contexto, a partir da observa??o de duplicidade de dep?sito da produ??o cient?fica armazenada no Reposit?rio Institucional e no Sistema Integrado de Gest?o de Atividades Acad?micas, ambos da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, e da aus?ncia de comunica??o entre os sistemas, objetiva-se promover a interoperabilidade entre esses dois sistemas com vistas a imprimir visibilidade a produ??o cient?fica dos membros da institui??o. Com isso, partiu-se da hip?tese que ? poss?vel tornar os sistemas interoper?veis. A metodologia utilizada corresponde ? pesquisa-a??o, a qual proporciona a??es conjuntas entre pesquisador e participantes. A amostra de pesquisa foi composta por participantes diretamente envolvidos com os sistemas, visando uma coleta sistem?tica de dados. Nessa perspectiva, foram analisados os referidos sistemas, por meio da observa??o participante, bem como foram efetivadas entrevistas com os respectivos gestores, e realizado o grupo focal, com alguns sujeitos da pesquisa. A an?lise de conte?do foi utilizada para categorizar e tratar as infer?ncias e gerar os resultados. Dessa forma, a pesquisa demonstrou que, dos diversos tipos de documentos armazenados no Sistema Integrado de Gest?o de Atividades Acad?micas, apenas as disserta??es e teses disp?em de pr?-requisitos que contribuem para a interoperabilidade. Sugere-se com base nisso, a??es e um modelo que objetivam promover essa interoperabilidade.
Interoperability enables communication between open access digital repositories and can facilitate and expedite the production's deposit in repositories. In this context, from observation of duplicity of the scientific production stored in the Institutional Repository and in the integrated management system of academic activities, both at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, and the absence of communication between the systems, the goal is to promote interoperability between these two systems with a view to print visibility to scientific production of members of the institution. With it, it broke the hypothesis that it is possible to make interoperable systems. The methodology used corresponds to action research, which provides joint actions between the researcher and participants. The research sample was composed of participants directly involved with the systems, aiming at a systematic collection of data. In this perspective, such systems were analyzed, through participant observation, as well as interviews with the respective were effective managers, and conducted the focus group, with some subjects of research. The content analysis was used to categorize and treat the inferences and generate the results. In this way, the research demonstrated that, of the various types of documents stored in the integrated management system of academic activities, only the dissertations and theses have prerequisites that contribute to interoperability. It is suggested that basis, actions and a model that aim to promote such interoperability.

The representation (or feature) learning has been an emerging concept in the last years, since it collects a set of techniques that are present in any theoretical or practical methodology referring to artificial intelligence. In computer vision, a very common representation has adopted the form of the well-known Bag of Visual Words. This representation appears implicitly in most approaches where images are described, and is also present in a huge number of areas and domains: image content retrieval, pedestrian detection, human-computer interaction, surveillance, e-health, and social computing, amongst others. The early stages of this dissertation provide an approach for learning visual representations inside evolutionary algorithms, which consists of evolving weighting schemes to improve the BoVW representations for the task of recognizing categories of videos and images. Thus, we demonstrate the applicability of the most common weighting schemes, which are often used in text mining but are less frequently found in computer vision tasks. Beyond learning these visual representations, we provide an approach based on fusion strategies for learning spatiotemporal representations, from multimodal data obtained by depth sensors. Besides, we specially aim at the evolutionary and dynamic modelling, where the temporal factor is present in the nature of the data, such as video sequences of gestures and actions. Indeed, we explore the effects of probabilistic modelling for those approaches based on dynamic programming, so as to handle the temporal deformation and variance amongst video sequences of different categories. Finally, we integrate dynamic programming and generative models into an evolutionary computation framework, with the aim of learning Bags of SubGestures (BoSG) representations and hence to improve the generalization capability of standard gesture recognition approaches. The results obtained in the experimentation demonstrate, first, that evolutionary algorithms are useful for improving the representation of BoVW approaches in several datasets for recognizing categories in still images and video sequences. On the other hand, our experimentation reveals that both, the use of dynamic programming and generative models to align video sequences, and the representations obtained from applying fusion strategies in multimodal data, entail an enhancement on the performance when recognizing some gesture categories. Furthermore, the combination of evolutionary algorithms with models based on dynamic programming and generative approaches results, when aiming at the classification of video categories on large video datasets, in a considerable improvement over standard gesture and action recognition approaches. Finally, we demonstrate the applications of these representations in several domains for human analysis: classification of images where humans may be present, action and gesture recognition for general applications, and in particular for conversational settings within the field of restorative justice.
L’aprenentatge de la representació (o de característiques) ha estat un concepte emergent en els darrers anys, ja que recopila un conjunt de tècniques que són presents en qualsevol metodologia teòrica o pràctica referent a la intel·ligència artifcial. En la visió per computador, una representació molt comuna ha adoptat la forma de la ben coneguda Bossa de Paraules Visuals (BdPV). Aquesta representació apareix implícitament en la majoria d’aproximacions per descriure imatges, i és també present en un enorme nombre d’àrees i dominis: recuperació de contingut en imatges, detecció de vianants, interacció humà-ordinador, vigilància, e-salut, i la computació social, entre d’altres. Les fases inicials d’aquesta dissertació proporcionen una aproximació per aprendre representacions visuals dins d’algorismes evolutius, que consisteix en evolucionar esquemes de pesat per millorar les representacions BdPV en la tasca de reconèixer les categories de vídeos i imatges. Per tant, demostrem l’aplicabilitat dels esquemes de pesat més comuns, que s’usen sovint en la mineria de textos però es troben amb menys freqüència en tasques de visió per computador. Més enllà d’aprendre representacions visuals, proporcionem una aproximació basada en estratègies de fusió per a l’aprenentatge de representacions espai- temporals, a partir de dades multi-modals obtingudes per sensors de profunditat. A més, el nostre objectiu és especialment el modelatge evolutiu i dinàmic, on el factor temporal és present en la naturalesa de les dades, com les seqüències de gestos i accions. De fet, explorem els efectes del modelatge probabilístic per aquelles aproximacions basades en programació dinàmica per a gestionar la deformació temporal i variància entre seqüències de vídeo de categories diferents. Finalment, integrem la programació dinàmica i els models generatius en un marc de computació evolutiva, amb l’objectiu d’aprendre representacions en Bosses de SubGestos i, per tant, millorar la capacitat de generalització de les aproximacions estàndards pel reconeixement de gestos. Els resultats obtinguts en l’experimentació demostra, en primer lloc, que els algorismes evolutius són útils per millorar la representació d’aproximacions BdPV en diverses bases de dades pel reconeixement de categories en imatges fxes i seqüències de vídeo. Per altra banda, la nostra experimentació revela que, tant l’ús de la programació dinàmica i els models generatius per alinear seqüències de vídeos, com les representacions obtingudes d’aplicar estratègies de fusió en dades multi-modals, comporten una millora en el rendiment a l’hora de reconèixer algunes categories de gestos. A més a més, la combinació d’algorismes evolutius amb models basats en programació dinàmica i aproximacions generatives resulten, a l’hora de classifcar categories de vídeos de bases de dades grans, en una millora considerable sobre les aproximacions estàndards de reconeixement de gestos i accions. Finalment, demostrem les aplicacions d’aquestes representacions en varis dominis per a l’anàlisi humà: classifcació d’imatges on els humans poden ser-hi presents, el reconeixement d’accions i gestos per aplicacions en general, i en particular per entorns conversacionals dins del camp de la justícia restaurativa.
El aprendizaje de la representación (o de características) ha sido un concepto emergente en los últimos años, ya que recopila un conjunto de técnicas que están presentes en cualquier metodología teórica o práctica referente a la inteligencia artificial. En la visión por computador, una representación muy comuna ha adoptado la forma de la bien conocida Bolsa de Palabras Visuales (BdPV). Esta representación aparece implícitamente en la mayoría de aproximaciones para describir imágenes, y está también presente en un enorme número de áreas y dominios: recuperación de contenido en imágenes, detección de peatones, interacción humano-ordenador, vigilancia, e-salud, y la computación social, entre otras. Las fases iniciales de esta disertación proporcionan una aproximación para aprender representaciones visuales dentro de algoritmos evolutivos, que consisten en evolucionar esquemas de pesado para mejorar las representaciones BdPV en la tarea de reconocer las categorías de vídeos e imágenes. Por lo tanto, demostramos la aplicabilidad de los esquemas de pesado más comunes, que se utilizan a menudo en la minería de textos pero se encuentran con menos frecuencia en tareas de visión por computador. Más allá de aprender representaciones visuales, proporcionamos una aproximación basada en estrategias de fusión para el aprendizaje de representaciones espacio-temporales, a partir de datos multimodales obtenidos por sensores de profundidad. También, nuestro objetivo es especialmente el modelado evolutivo y dinámico, donde el factor temporal está presente en la naturaleza de los datos, como las secuencias de gestos y acciones. De hecho, exploramos los efectos del modelado probabilístico para aquellas aproximaciones basadas en programación dinámica para gestionar la deformación temporal y varianza entre secuencias de vídeo de categorías diferentes. Finalmente, integramos la programación dinámica y los modelos generativos en un marco de computación evolutiva, con el objetivo de aprender representaciones en Bolsas de SubGestos, y por lo tanto mejorar la capacidad de generalización de las aproximaciones estándares para el reconocimiento de gestos. Los resultados obtenidos en la experimentación demuestra, en primer lugar, que los algoritmos evolutivos son útiles para mejorar la representación de aproximaciones BdPV en diversas bases de datos para el reconocimiento de categorías en imágenes fijas y secuencias de vídeo. Por otra parte, nuestra experimentación revela que, tanto el uso de la programación dinámica y los modelos generativos para alinear secuencias de vídeos, como las representaciones obtenidas de aplicar estrategias de fusión en datos multimodales, conllevan una mejora en el rendimiento a la hora de reconocer algunas categorías de gestos. Además, la combinación de algoritmos evolutivos con modelos basados en programación dinámica y aproximaciones generativas resultan, a la hora de clasificar categorías de vídeos de bases de datos grandes, en una mejora considerable sobre las aproximaciones estándares de reconocimiento de gestos y acciones. Finalmente, demostramos las aplicaciones de estas representaciones en varios dominios para el análisis humano: clasificación de imágenes donde los humanos pueden estar presentes, el reconocimiento de acciones y gestos para aplicaciones en general, y en particular para entornos conversacionales dentro del campo de la justicia restaurativa.

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
The objective of this work is to identify, to chart and to explain the evolution of the soil occupation and the envirionment vulnerability of the areas of Canto do Amaro and Alto da Pedra, in the city of Mossor?-RN, having as base analyzes it multiweather of images of orbital remote sensors, the accomplishment of extensive integrated works of field to a Geographic Information System (GIS). With the use of inserted techniques of it analyzes space inserted in a (GIS), and related with the interpretation and analyzes of products that comes from the Remote Sensoriamento (RS.), make possible resulted significant to reach the objectives of this works. Having as support for the management of the information, the data set gotten of the most varied sources and stored in digital environment, it comes to constitute the geographic data base of this research. The previous knowledge of the spectral behavior of the natural or artificial targets, and the use of algorithms of Processing of Digital images (DIP), it facilitates the interpretation task sufficiently and searchs of new information on the spectral level. Use as background these data, was generated a varied thematic cartography was: Maps of Geology, Geomorfol?gicals Units soils, Vegetation and Use and Occupation of the soil. The crossing in environment SIG, of the above-mentioned maps, generated the maps of Natural and Vulnerability envirionmental of the petroliferous fields of I Canto do Amaro and Alto da Pedra-RN, working in an ambient centered in the management of waters and solid residuos, as well as the analysis of the spatial data, making possible then a more complex analysis of the studied area
O objetivo deste trabalho ? identificar, mapear e interpretar a evolu??o do uso e ocupa??o do solo e a vulnerabilidade ambiental das ?reas de Canto do Amaro e Alto da Pedra, no munic?pio de Mossor?-RN, tendo como base a analise multitemporal de imagens de sensores remotos orbitais, a realiza??o de extensos trabalhos de campo e um Sistema de Informa??o Geogr?fica (SIG). O emprego de t?cnicas de analise espacial inseridos em um Sistema de Informa??o Geogr?fica (SIG), e relacionadas com a interpreta??o e analise de produtos advindo do Sensoriamento Remoto (SR), permitiram se chegar aos resultados apresentados. Tendo como suporte para o gerenciamento da informa??o, o conjunto de dados obtidos das mais variadas fontes e armazenados em ambiente digital, vem a constituir o banco de dados geogr?fico desta pesquisa. O conhecimento pr?vio do comportamento espectral dos alvos naturais ou artificiais, e o auxilio de algoritmos de Processamento de Imagens Digitais (PDI), facilitou a tarefa de interpreta??o e busca de novas informa??es a n?vel espectral. Com base nesses dados, foi gerado uma cartografia tem?tica variada: Mapas de Geologia, Unidades Geomorfol?gicas, Associa??o de solos, Vegeta??o e Uso e Ocupa??o do Solo. O cruzamento em ambiente SIG, dos mapas supracitados, gerou os mapas de Vulnerabilidade Natural e Vulnerabilidade Ambiental dos campos petrol?feros de Canto do Amaro e Alto da Pedra-RN, surgerindo uma gest?o ambiental centrada na gest?o das ?guas e dos res?duos possibilitando assim uma an?lise mais complexa da ?rea estudada

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Esta pesquisa visa avaliar os requisitos ergon?micos de usabilidade e acessibilidade presentes na interface do Reposit?rio de Informa??o Acess?vel, considerando a opini?o dos usu?rios com baixa vis?o e cegueira. A operacionaliza??o deste objetivo geral deu-se por meio dos seguintes objetivos espec?ficos: a) verificar a funcionalidade de bot?es e links apresentados na interface do Reposit?rio de Informa??o Acess?vel da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; b) identificar os entraves e inconsist?ncias de usabilidade e acessibilidade na interface; c) conhecer os pontos pass?veis de melhorias da interface do Reposit?rio de Informa??o Acess?vel que contribuam com subs?dios para elabora??o de proposta de interven??o a ser realizada na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. A pesquisa se caracterizou como explorat?ria, descritiva e aplicada, empregando a estrat?gia metodol?gica de estudo de caso, com base em uma abordagem quanti-qualitativa. A coleta de dados foi feita com o desenvolvimento de teste de usabilidade, observa??o participante e question?rio semiaberto. Para a an?lise quantitativa dos dados foi empregado o m?todo estat?stico; e para a an?lise qualitativa foi adotada a an?lise de conte?do. Para a converg?ncia dos resultados foi empregada a triangula??o dos dados para m?ltiplos instrumentos. A amostra investigada foi composta por oito usu?rios cadastrados no Reposit?rio de Informa??o Acess?vel, representando 25% dessa popula??o. Quanto ? caracteriza??o dos participantes, a an?lise evidenciou o seguinte perfil: mulheres (50%), entre 31 e 40 anos, tr?s com baixa vis?o e uma com cegueira, sendo tr?s na gradua??o e uma na p?s-gradua??o; homens (50%), entre 34 e 53 anos, todos com cegueira, sendo dois na gradua??o e dois na p?s-gradua??o. Os resultados revelaram pontos necess?rios de mudan?as na interface do reposit?rio. Identifica??o de pontos de entraves para as fun??es: legendas descritivas e tamanho inadequado de bot?es e ?cones, como bot?es de contraste, mapa do site e bot?es iniciar e encerrar sess?o; n?o funcionalidade do mapa do site e atalhos, bem como inexist?ncia de uma fun??o retorno. Verificou-se ainda que, independentemente dos entraves, os participantes aplicaram outras medidas para concluir os testes. Quanto ao registro de recomenda??es, destacam-se a necessidade de legenda descritiva, aumento de ?cones, ativa??o de links inativos, implanta??o de novos recursos e avalia??o t?cnica peri?dica. A pesquisa tamb?m comprovou que os participantes conceberam a identifica??o de inconsist?ncias e sugest?es de melhorias como fator de aprimoramento para a interface, confirmando que o estado do site no momento do teste foi considerado como aceit?vel. Considera-se que devido ?s constantes mudan?as das tecnologias e poss?veis demandas dos usu?rios reais e potenciais do reposit?rio, ser?o necess?rias novas avalia??es, no futuro, para confirmar a qualidade do servi?o.
This research aims to evaluate the ergonomic requirements of usability and accessibility present in the Accessible Information Repository interface, based on the opinion of users with low vision and blindness. The implementation of this overall goal was given by the following specific objectives: a) check functionality of buttons and links in the Accessible Information Repository interface of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, b) identify obstacles and inconsistencies in the interface usability and accessibility, c) know the points liable to improvements in the Accessible Information Repository interface that contribute with subsidies to the elaboration of intervention proposal to be held at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. The research is characterized as exploratory, descriptive and applied, using the methodological strategy of case study, based on a quantitative and qualitative approach. Data collection was made with the development of usability testing, participant observation and semi-open questionnaire. For quantitative analysis of the data was used the statistical method; and for the qualitative analysis was used content analysis. For the convergence of the results it used the triangulation of data for multiple instruments. The sample studied was composed of eight registered users in the Accessible Information Repository, representing 25 % of this population. As for the characterization of the participants, the analysis showed the following profile: women (50%), between 31 and 40 years, three with low vision and one with blindness, being three undergraduate and one a graduate student; men (50%), between 34 and 53 years, all with blindness, two undergraduate and two graduate students. The results showed points with necessity of changes in the interface repository. Identification of points of obstacles to the functions: descriptive captions and inadequate size of buttons and icons, such as contrast buttons, site map and start and end session buttons; lack of functionality in the map of the site and shortcuts, as well as lack of a return function. It was also found that regardless of obstacles, participants applied other measures to complete the tests. As for the registration recommendations, we highlight the need for descriptive caption, increase of icons size, activation of inactive links, implementation of new features and periodic technical evaluation. The survey also proved that the participants conceived the identification of inconsistencies and suggestions for improvements as enhancement factor for the interface, confirming that the condition of the site at the time of the test was considered acceptable. It is considered that due to constant changes in technologies and possible demands of the actual and potential users of the repository, it will be required new evaluations in the future to confirm the quality of service.

Cette thèse porte un regard sur les musiques improvisées et leur rapport à la scène à travers mon expérience et celle de treize personnalités du milieu des arts avec qui j’ai eu des entretiens privilégiés. L’essence de cette démarche est d’observer comment les créateurs utilisent l’improvisation en situation de concert ou simplement comme méthode de recherche grâce aux outils numériques ou analogiques. Ce panorama me permet de mettre en perspective mon travail de composition et de recherche à une époque où, comme créateur, j’ai bifurqué vers les musiques numériques après de longues années d’écriture et de performance scénique dans le milieu du jazz et des musiques d’improvisation. Au passage se problématise la causalité du geste lors de la performance avec des outils numériques. La thèse retrace tout d’abord un parcours sommaire de la musique improvisée – plus particulièrement celle que l’on appelle la musique actuelle au Québec ou encore lafree improvisation. À travers ce survol seront soulevées quelques questions de nomenclature et d’esthétique afin de mieux cerner les enjeux propres à cette pratique. La réflexion se poursuit avec des entretiens à travers lesquels j’explore la comprovisation, le DJing, les instruments de musique numérique, la danse et la composition. La réflexion culmine autour de cinq de mes œuvres écrites en collaboration avec les milieux de la musique improvisée et de la danse.
This thesis looks at improvised music and its relationship to the stage through my experience and that of thirteen personalities from the arts world with whom I have had privileged interviews. The essence of this approach is to observe how creators use improvisation in concert situations or simply as a research method using digital or analog tools. This panorama allows me to put my composition and research work in perspective at a time when, as a creator, I have turned towards digital music after many years of writing and stage performance in the field of jazz and improvisational music. In passing, the causality of the gesture during performance with digital tools is problematic. The thesis first retraces a brief journey through improvised music - more particularly what is called musique actuelle or free improvisation. Through this overview, a few questions of nomenclature and aesthetics will be raised in order to better understand the issues specific to this music. The reflection continues with interviews through which I explore comprovisation, DJing, digital musical instruments, dance and composition. The reflection culminates around five of my works written in collaboration with the improvised music and dance communities.

Motivados pela interseção entre Artes, Ciências e Tecnologia, buscamos por meio deste estudo, investigar o movimento humano, para compreender de que modo os gestos expressivos e musicais são concebidos durante os processos interativos envolvendo corpo-instrumento-ambiente. No âmbito desta pesquisa, desenvolvemos o Digital Sock, um instrumento musical digital, concebido com tecnologia vestível e orientado para controle do som por meio do movimento do pé. Disponibilizado em duas versões – samples e síntese sonora – o Digital Sock foi utilizado, durante a análise dos processos interativos, como ferramenta pedagógica para o ensino musical (séries iniciais), como estímulo comunicacional em contextos psicopedagógicos envolvendo estudantes com Necessidades Educativas Especiais; e como instrumento musical em performances artísticas com músicos e bailarinos. O desenho metodológico desta pesquisa foi orientado por um eixo teórico e outro prático dividindo o trabalho em quatro fases: a) análise do gesto expressivo (primeira fase); b) desenvolvimento do Digital Sock (segunda fase); c) análise do gesto musical (terceira fase); d) análise dos ciclos interativos pedagógico, psicopedagógico e artístico (quarta fase). As três primeiras fases foram orientadas por uma pesquisa exploratória e a última fase, voltada para uma investigação-ação. A pesquisa realizada para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho deu origem a conceituação de interface, como sendo um espaço de comunicação, dotado de uma energia (suporte físico), uma consciência (identidade) e um conhecimento interacional (relacionamentos), Este espaço, onde as relações acontecem de forma transitória, propiciando a atribuição de novos significados às mensagens percebidas, pode ser humano (interface humana), instrumental (interface instrumental) ou ambiental (interface ambiental). O processo de comunicação realizado entre as interfaces pode ser definido pela interdependência e transitoriedade na circulação das informações, sendo os interlocutores dos processos interativos entre corpo-instrumento-ambiente, a dualidade gesto-som. A este processo comunicacional demos o nome de Teoria das Interfaces. Com base neste conceito investigamos de que modo o Digital Sock poderia estimular a criação de narrativas cénico-musicais nos contextos pedagógico, psicopedagógico e artístico. No âmbito pedagógico, o instrumento mostrou ser uma ferramenta didática eficaz no estímulo de uma aprendizagem ativa, no qual o protagonismo do estudante se evidencia. No domínio psicopedagógico, o dispositivo musical mostrou ser uma importante ferramenta no estímulo da expressão e da comunicação, configurando-se neste sentido, como uma extensão do corpo humano durante os relacionamentos. No contexto artístico, o Digital Sock provou ser capaz de estimular a improvisação, a criação de narrativas cénico-musicais e a performance.
Motivated by the intersection between Arts, Sciences and Technology, we seek through this study investigate the human movement, in order to understand how expressive and musical gestures are conceived during the interactive processes involving body-instrument-environment. In the scope of this research, we developed the Digital Sock, a digital musical instrument, conceived with wearable technology and oriented towards sound control through the movement of the foot. Available in two versions - samples and sound synthesis, Digital Sock was used, during the analysis of the interactive processes, as a pedagogical tool for musical education (initial series), as a communicational stimulus in psychopedagogical contexts involving students with special educational needs; and as a musical instrument in artistic performances with musicians and dancers. The methodological design of this research was guided by a theoretical and practical axis dividing the work into four phases: a) expressive gesture analysis (first phase); b) development of Digital Sock (second phase); c) musical gesture analysis (third phase); d) interactive cycles analysis – pedagogical, psycho-pedagogical and artistic (fourth phase). The first three phases were guided by an exploratory research and the last phase, focused on an action research. The research carried out for the development of this work has the conceptualization of interface, as a space of communication. Each interface is constituted of an energy (physical support), a consciousness (identity) and an interactional knowledge (relationships). In this space, where relations happen in a transient way, allowing the attribution of new meanings to perceived messages, can be human (human interface), instrumental (instrumental interface) or environmental (environmental interface). The communication process between interfaces can be defined by interdependence and transience in the circulation of information. The gesture-sound duality are the interlocutors of the interactive processes between body-instrument-environment. The name we give to this communicational process is Interfaces Theory. Based on this concept, we investigated how the Digital Sock could stimulate the creation of scenic-musical narratives in the pedagogical, psycho-pedagogical and artistic contexts. In the pedagogical context, the instrument showed to be an effective didactic tool, stimulating an active learning which the protagonist of the student is evident. In the psycho-pedagogical domain, the musical device has proved to be an important tool in the stimulation of expression and communication, configuring itself in this sense as an extension of the human body during relationships. In the artistic context, Digital Sock proved to be able to stimulate improvisation, the creation of scenic-musical narratives and performance.

Tese de doutoramento em Materialidades da Literatura apresentado à Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Coimbra
The intensification of tactile/haptic research by academia and the digital technology industry, has given rise to several instrumentalizations of the adjective haptic, often contradicting an entire philosophical haptological tradition, going back to Aristotle and allowing us to think of the haptic from a multisensory perspective capable of destabilizing the idea of pure sensory modalities. On the one hand, such intensification is evidenced by the ubiquity of digital technological devices that call for interaction through touch and gesture as tactile/haptic functions necessary for experiencing digital content. On the other hand, it may be seen in the increasing demand for tangibility between human and machine, particularly through sensory experiences made possible by virtual/augmented reality, as well as, mixed reality/virtuality platforms. Such intense literalization of the haptic also, paradoxically, ends up reinforcing the existence and primacy of a visual culture inherent to an ocularcentric society. It is in line with this haptological tradition, as well as through the recovery of a multisensory perspective explored by a series of avant-garde artistic practices that permeate the history of twentieth-century art, that I propose to (re)think digital literary works via means of an alternative and operative redefinition of haptic drawn from the metamedial and intermedial specificities of current digital poetic practices. Based on the mapping and analysis of carefully selected digital literary works, this research intends to understand how digital poetic practices make use of certain processes of haptic reading enabled by current digital technology, in order to explore and question the processes of writing and reading in media. In order to validate an argument largely based on the examination of ambiguities and tensions highlighted by the literary exploration of interface functionalities in arts and literature, this thesis will attempt to analyze the referred ambiguity, by showing a parallel between an inherent circularity of (multi)sensory perception and the way certain circular, or rather, spiral-like, trajectories, are able to be identified across multiple arts, artists and movements. All of this, of course, is put together via a process of dialectic subversion/disruption that characterizes multiple variants of experimentalism across the centuries. Moreover, doing so is a way of finding possible answers, or perhaps, raising new questions, regarding longstanding problematics pertaining to the relationship between tradition and innovation, from which the digital era is not exempt.
A intensificação da investigação em torno da percepção táctil/háptica por parte da academia e da indústria tecnológica digital tem originado diversas instrumentalizações do adjectivo háptico frequentemente contrariando toda uma tradição haptológica de linhas filosóficas, que remonta a Aristóteles e que tem permitido pensar a aporia háptica numa perspectiva multissensorial desestabilizadora da ideia de modalidades sensoriais puras. Evidenciada, por um lado, pela ubiquidade de dispositivos tecnológicos digitais que apelam a uma interacção pelo toque e pelo gesto enquanto funções tácteis/hápticas necessárias para a possibilidade de experienciação dos conteúdos digitais, e, por outro lado, pela crescente procura de tangibilidade entre ser humano e máquina, nomeadamente através de experiências sensoriais possibilitadas por plataformas de realidade virtual/aumentada e de realidade/virtualidade misturada, uma tal literalização do háptico acaba por reforçar, de modo paradoxal, a existência e primazia de uma cultura visual própria de uma sociedade ocularcêntrica. É na linha da referida tradição haptológica, bem como por meio da recuperação de uma perspectiva multissensorial explorada por uma série de práticas artísticas avant-garde que permeiam a história da arte do século XX, que me proponho (re)pensar a obra literária digital, por via de uma redefinição alternativa e operatória de háptico que é passível de ser esboçada a partir das especificidades metamediais e intermediais das actuais práticas poéticas digitais. Com base no mapeamento e análise de uma série criteriosa de obras literárias digitais pretende-se, com esta investigação, perceber de que modo as práticas poéticas digitais se fazem valer de determinados processos de leitura háptica convocados hoje pela tecnologia digital para explorar e questionar os processos de escrita e leitura nos media. Por fim, para uma possível validação deste argumento assente, em grande parte, na análise de ambiguidades e tensões promovidas pela exploração literária das funcionalidades das interfaces em artes e literatura, a presente tese tentará refletir sobre a referida ambiguidade, evidenciando, de modo paralelo, uma circularidade inerente à percepção (multi)sensorial, bem como determinadas trajetórias circulares, ou melhor, espiralares, que podem ser identificadas numa sucessão de artes, artistas e movimentos. Tudo isto estruturado através de um processo de subversão/disrupção dialética presente em determinadas variantes do experimentalismo ao longo dos séculos. Ao fazê-lo, estaremos a procurar possíveis respostas, ou, talvez, a levantar novas questões, sobretudo no que diz respeito a problemáticas de longa data relacionadas com a relação entre tradição e inovação, da qual a era digital não se encontra isenta.

Das Bibliothekswesen steht vor der Herausforderung, die rasant wachsende und umfassende Verbreitung digitaler Medien in neue Nutzungskonzepte einzubinden, beispielsweise durch eine Steigerung der Aufenthaltsqualität. (vgl. Bonte, 2011) Begriffe wie digital library, hybrid library oder blended library versuchen, die Rolle der Bibliotheken im digitalen Zeitalter neu zu definieren. (vgl. Gläser, 2008) Die Sächsische Landes- und Universitätsbibliothek (SLUB) begegnet dieser Herausforderung unter anderem mit dem verstärkten Aufbau digitaler Bestände. Sie verfügt daher über umfangreiche digitale Kollektionen, die mit Hilfe eines geplanten öffentlichen interaktiven Systems für die Bibliotheksbesucher auf ansprechende Weise erfahrbar gemacht werden sollen. Die Exploration der digitalen Sammlungen steht dabei im Vordergrund, bereits existierende Katalogfunktionalität soll nicht ersetzt, sondern ergänzt werden. Zu diesem Zweck wird untersucht, wie durch öffentliche Interaktion das Interesse an digitalen Inhalten am Beispiel der Sammlung „Deutsche Fotothek“ gesteigert werden kann. Dabei wird besonders betrachtet, wie durch Embodied Interaction in Verbindung mit der Visualisierung des komplexen Informationsraumes der digitalen Sammlungen eine leicht erlernbare gestenbasierte Steuerung erreicht werden kann. (Dourish, 2004) Der Hauptbeitrag dieser Arbeit liegt in der Konzeption und Umsetzung eines Anwendungsprototypen, der im öffentlichen Bereich der SLUB installiert wird.:1 EINFÜHRUNG 6 1.1 MOTIVATION 6 1.2 ZIELSTELLUNG 7 1.3 GLIEDERUNG 7 2 GRUNDLAGEN 9 2.1 KOGNITION UND RAUMWAHRNEHMUNG 9 2.2 CHARAKTERISTIKEN DES ÖFFENTLICHEN RAUMES IN BIBLIOTHEKEN 9 2.2.1 Öffentlichkeit in der Bibliothek 10 2.2.2 Bühnenmetapher 10 2.2.3 Zusammenfassung 10 2.3 INTERAKTION IM RAUM 10 2.3.1 Begriffsdefinition 10 2.3.2 Räumliche Interaktion 11 2.3.3 Zusammenfassung 12 2.4 INFORMATIONSVISUALISIERUNG 12 2.4.1 Begriffsklärung 12 2.4.2 Datenbild und Navigationsbild 13 2.4.3 Darstellung von Relationen in Baum und Netz 15 2.4.4 Information Visualization Framework 18 2.4.5 Zusammenfassung 18 2.5 EXPLORATION KOMPLEXER DATENRÄUME 19 2.5.1 Exploration 19 2.5.2 Immersion 21 2.5.3 Emersion 21 2.5.4 Zusammenfassung 22 2.6 PERSONENTRACKING MIT MICROSOFT KINECT® 23 2.7 GESTENERKENNUNG 25 3 VERWANDTE ARBEITEN 27 3.1 AMBIENTE DISPLAYS 27 3.2 GESTISCHE INTERAKTION 28 3.3 EXPLORATIONSTECHNIKEN FÜR INFORMATIONSRÄUME 30 4 SYNTHESE UND KONZEPTION 32 4.1 ZIELVISION 32 4.2 INFORMATIONSKONZEPT 34 4.2.1 Initiale Auswahl und Analyse der Bestandsdaten 35 4.2.2 Verfeinerung der selektierten Bestände 36 4.2.3 Organisation der relevanten Daten 38 4.3 DARSTELLUNGSKONZEPT 40 4.3.1 Interface 40 4.3.2 Graphkomponente 41 4.3.3 Galeriekomponente 45 4.4 RAUMSITUATION UND INTERAKTIONSKONZEPT 49 4.4.1 Raumsituation 49 4.4.2 Aufmerksamkeit und Nutzerverhalten 53 4.4.3 Interaktionskonzept 54 5 UMSETZUNG 61 5.1 BACKEND 61 5.1.1 Verarbeitung der Bestandsdaten 62 5.1.2 Tracking und Gestenerkennung 63 5.2 MIDDLEWARE 65 5.2.1 Zugriff auf Bestandsdaten 65 5.2.2 Zugriff auf Trackingdaten 67 5.3 FRONTEND 68 5.3.1 Verarbeitung der Nutzereingaben 68 5.3.2 Galeriekomponente 71 5.3.3 Graphkomponente 77 6 ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 84 6.1 FAZIT 84 6.2 AUSBLICK 85 6.2.1 Verbesserungsvorschläge 85 6.2.2 Konzeptionelle Beschränkungen 86 6.2.3 Erweiterte Zielvision 87 7 ANHANG 89 A LITERATURVERZEICHNIS 89 B ABBILDUNGSVERZEICHNIS 94 C TABELLENVERZEICHNIS 97 D QUELLKODEVERZEICHNIS 98 E LISTE DER KOLLEKTIONSTITEL IN DEN DIGITALEN SAMMLUNGEN 99 F METAINFORMATIONEN FÜR DATENSÄTZE DER DEUTSCHEN FOTOTHEK 100 G ÜBERSICHT DER AUSGEWÄHLTEN KNOTENHIERARCHIE UND UNTERKNOTEN 103 H DEPLOYMENT-ANLEITUNG 104

The thesis examines a sign and its theory, focusing on the function of sign in art, particularly in theatre. Both communication conditions and meaning production are covered. The practical part analyzes particular theatrical signs in 'The Education of Little Tree' performance. Selected parts of the performance are examined in detail with regards to the theatrical signs and generating meaning in terms of work with gesture. Further it studies changes of actors' characters and as well as analogue and digital communication. It deals with the question how to create a wide range of characters and settings while using only a very limited selection of props, coulisses and costumes. The results of nonverbal communication analysis are presented in the conclusion of the thesis.