Дисертації з теми "Géomorphologie fluviale – Charente (France ; cours d'eau)"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-28 дисертацій для дослідження на тему "Géomorphologie fluviale – Charente (France ; cours d'eau)".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте дисертації для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
Duquesne, Amélie. "Trajectoire d’évolution d’un cours d’eau à faible énergie au cours du second Holocène : La Charente entre Angoulême et Saintes." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LAROS028.
Повний текст джерелаThis work proposes to study the Charente river, a low-energy river, between Angoulême and Saintes for enhance knowledge on the functioning of low-energy rivers and in particular the anastomosis. The main aims are to analyze the evolutionary trajectory of the Charente river on a multisecular timescale and identify the anthropogenic controls, geomorphological heritages and hydro-climatic variability in its trajectory ; and explain the genesis and the conservation of the anastomosis on the upstream section (Angoulême-Cognac). The method is based on a geohistorical, geomorphometrical and geomorphological approach. Results show a fluvial metamorphosis from a braiding pattern pre-Holocene to anastomosing pattern on the upstream section; a simplification of anastomosing pattern potentially begin to the Final Neolithic and the Bronze Age; a fluvio-marine influence on the downstream section during the Atlantic and the mid-Subboreal; and 4) a documentary hiatus on the rapid climate change periods. Geohistoric results expose a global stability of fluvial forms over the recent period and probably on the long-term. This conclusion needs to be nuanced. Results highlight 1) a simplification of the pattern fluvial between the recent period (mainly late 18th / late 20th centuries) dependent on the anthropisation trajectory of river and the hydro-climatic variability and 2) a complexification of the fluvial mosaic at local level during the 20th century attributed to cessation of river maintenance practices and variations of flood regime
Landon, Norbert. "L'évolution contemporaine du profil en long des affluents du Rhône moyen : constat régional et analyse d'un hydrosystème complexe : la Drôme." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040295.
Повний текст джерелаAntonelli, Christelle. "Flux sédimentaires et morphogénèse récente dans le chenal du Rhône aval." Aix-Marseille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX10058.
Повний текст джерелаSchmitt, Laurent. "Typologie hydro-géomorphologique fonctionnelle de cours d'eau : Recherche méthodologique appliquée aux systèmes fluviaux d'Alsace." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR1GEO9.
Повний текст джерелаWe sought to categorise the natural hydro-geomorphological features of the rivers in the study area, the Alsatian watershed of the Rhine rift valley. We also sought to develop methodological principles that could be applied in other geographical settings. Our approach is based on a representative selection of water courses in the study area. Within this selection, 187 study sites were chosen. For each site 31 quantitative and qualitative variables were computed. This data base was integrated into the GIS ArcView and a number of different multivariate analyses were carried. The main results can been summarised as follows: m we developed a functional hydro-geomorphological typology of Alsatian rivers using successive iterations between statistical analysis and geomorphological interpretation. This typology comprises 17 categories;m these results demonstrate that inherited geomorphological features - such as paleo-dynamic, glacial and fluvio-glacial deposits - and neotectonics have a considerable influence on channel dynamics;m for simplification purposes we highlighted a synthetic hierarchy of the variables: type of regional unit drained, energy, valley bottom morphology, lateral dynamic of channels, sinuosity and width/depth ratio. This hierarchy enabled us to put forward a hierarchical conceptual model of the fluvial systems studied;m the statistically-based typology of the sites was then extrapolated to all the studied rivers in dividing them into sectors. The segmentation enabled us to build up a new linear-type data base in the GIS ArcView;m the research is relevant to the understanding and knowledge of the dynamics of the Alsatian hydrosystems. Looking forward it would seem appropriate to link hydro-geomorphological typology to ecological data such as macroinvertebrates and fish. It would also be useful to study in more detail the Rhine and Ill anastomoses and paleo-anastomoses. It would also be relevant to apply our methodology in other natural regions of occidental Europe. For reasons of time and cost, such a study can be more simple than ours which is more methodologically oriented
Harmand, Dominique. "La Meuse lorraine : contribution à l'étude des alluvions anciennes de la Meuse entre Pagny s/Meuse et Mouson (Ardennes) : tentative d'une reconstitution paléographique et dynamique actuelle du bassin." Nancy 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN21008.
Повний текст джерелаAfter having presented the section of the valley as well as the former works and the methodology (first section), the author explains the conclusions of his research within 3 sections : study of the valley and conclusion (third section), study of the paleogeographic evolution and present evolution of the basin (fourth section). The alluvial sediments located between pagny s meuse and mouzon above all, are characterized by silicious deposits carried down from the vosges by the moselle river before its capture by the meurthe river. The sediments are either alluvial nappes-or more often- colluvial formations. The former recover 10 terraces from 0 to 200 m above the thalweg, the latter correspond to the lower terraces. Several measures (height, petrology, sedimentology, morphology,. . ) Have permitted the rebuilding pf 10 old fluvial nappes laid down during 10 different periods of alluviation which have been separated by periods of erosion. The alluvial units can be related to the fluvial formations of the high moselle valley. Besides, they allow us, first, to reconstitute the configuration of the successive paleovalley, secondly, to individualize the different cuestas so as the evolution of the lorraine meuse drainage basin. The numerous captures made at the expense of the latter would be mainly caused by a tectonic process
Lejeune, Olivier. "Dynamiques d'érosion des bas plateaux de l'Est de la France : l'exemple du bassin-versant amont de la Marne." Reims, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REIML010.
Повний текст джерелаIn the heart of Paris basin, the Marne valley remained an area not well known from a geomorphologic point of view despite a few specific and often old studies, while the other surrounding valleys were the subject of many works. The objective of this work consists in trying to overwhelm this gap by bringing a certain number of new information, thus offering a better comprehension of the geomorphologic evolution of the Marne valley since the beginning of its cashing in the limestone plateau of the East of France. This work takes into account various temporal scales. Thus, this thesis proceeds according to three steps of time : 1) In the first part, the stages of the incision of the Marne valley during the Quaternary are described. This work is based on the study of the geomorphological and sedimentological indices, left by the Marne and its tributary rivers at the time of their cashing. These indices are also the subject of absolute datings, which allow to determine speeds of incision, which are then compared to the other rivers of the Paris basin. Seven levels of incision were defined, ordonating in three steps. The oldest step corresponds to two vast gutters, encased in summit surface. The second step coincides with one strong incision period where three levels of terraces are staged. The third step corresponds to the filling of the bottom of the valley in which two levels of incision are encased. This information allow to bring a new insight on the old assumptions, which thought that the upper Marne belonged formerly to the Meuse basin, while passing by the valleys of Ornain-Saulx, Aisne and Bar. These hypothesis appeared to be unfounded. 2) In the second part, the more recent events (Weichsélien/Tardiglaciaire/Holocene) are examined. They worked out the bottom of the Marne valley. The processes and the chronology of the alluvial filling of the bottom of the valley are explained. Then, the evolution of the bottom of the valley on a secular and annual scale is studied. The impact of human installations and the climatic variations are highlighted in order to explain the river dynamics of the Marne. Finally, an evaluation of the specific degradation in the Marne basin at the exit of the limestone plateau allow to replace this basin in the general geomorphologic context of the East of France. 3) In the third part, the use of hydrological methods revealed at the same time transfers of water inside a catchment area and towards the basins contiguous slopes. Some sectors of generalized infiltration, loss, average output and strong output appeared, meaning a divergence or a concentration of the flows according to the morpho-structural partitioning of the aquifers limestones and the differentials of incision of the valleys. A grid hydrogeologic of the interfluves between overdrawn and surplus sectors in water is obtained, which prove the water transfers. This process constitutes the " active stream piracy " often corroborated by hydrogeologic trackings. These "active captures", revealed by these methods in hot or interglacial period, prepare future hydrographic captures of surface, commonly recognized at the beginning of cold phase
Cossin, Mélanie. "Caractérisation paysagère de quelques cours d'eau de taille moyenne des bassins du Rhône et de la Loire : éléments méthodologiques pour une gestion durable des corridors fluviaux." Lyon 3, 2008. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2008_out_cossin_m.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаRivers are the last "naturals” ecosystems in anthropic countries and are in the same time, very appreciated for their natural caracteristics. In France, the water laws of 1992 and 2006 state a global river management, between uses and protection of natural environment. In the same time, landscape is increasingly considered in management and traduced in a specific law in 1993 and in the European Landcsape Convention in 2000. Landcape studies are requested increasingly by managers and planners although they appears infrequently in global studies of rivers. In this research, we propose a methodological approach to landscape diagnosis of fluvial hydrosystems. It is based on a quantified analysis capable of being approved by all the actors concerned and of being reproduced. The aim is to realise a landscape diagnosis to propose solutions of landscape management inclusing uses and actors opinions
Gilet, Louis. "Charriage et obstacles à la continuité sédimentaire sur les cours d'eau du Morvan." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H059.
Повний текст джерелаIn France, recent regulatory developments (WFD, 2000; LEMA, 2006) require sediment continuity across the dams to be ensured. This requirement is particularly acute in the Morvan massif, where a dozen dams have been installed since the middle of the 19th century. The questions are complex: several of the rivers on which the structures have been built have only been poorly studied (medium energy plane bed with mixed coarse substrate). In addition, the fluvial systems - the Upper Yonne, the Cure and the Chalaux - are marked by a long anthropogenic influence, characterized in particular by multiple uses prior to the dams (mills, log driving). Those rivers’ energy, partly governed by the dams, is an important factor but insufficient to understand current bedload transport. The latter is indeed significantly influenced by certain morphological parameters (very coarse substrate, sedimentary structures, slope). However, current morphological conditions appear to be largely the result of several decades of disturbance in liquid and solid inputs by dams. Their effects on river processes must therefore be understood on several time scales. The study indicates that they also depend on the influences inherited from previous hydraulic uses. The past hydromorphic trajectory of the river also seems to influence the morpho-sedimentary impacts that were observed following a dam removal. Rather than a clean slate or a step backwards, dams or their removal thus represent a new evolution of the river trajectory, made up of ruptures, continuities and mutations
Grivel, Stéphane. "La Loire des îles, du Bec d'Allier à Gien : rythme d'évolution et enjeux de gestion." Paris 8, 2008. http://octaviana.fr/document/143287982#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Повний текст джерелаThe Loire is one of the main fluvial systems in France. The islands are an integral part of the landscape, particularly the anastomosing fluvial pattern of the Middle Loire, hence the name "Loire islands". This thesis focuses on the functioning of this unknown river. The islands of the Loire river result from morphological fluvial readjustment as well as customs and practices used by inhabitants of the area. The morphological approach concentrates on the evolution of the river since the 19th century, through different spatial and temporal scales. Under a Geographic Information System (GIS), it was possible to monitor the riverbed since 1850 and to analyze in detail mechanisms and rhythms of the river formation. The islands are not stabilized, therefore they can be regarded as forms of river adjustment caused by environmental perturbations (initiating factors: the discontinuation of navigation; aggravating factors: absence of large flood, incision of the riverbed, decline in agriculture, extraction of sediment). The landscape of the Loire Islands is still in transition and is indicating the trend towards the river channelization, dominated by alluvial forests. The fine scale analysis is based on studies on seasonal and inter-annual evolution of islands, as well as secondary channels. Digital Elevation Models (DEM), longitudinal profiles and topographic cross-sections integrated GIS help to quantify precisely erosion and sedimentation, according to the hydrological year. The islands are sites of sediment trapping and they emphasize the sediment deficit recorded since the middle of the 20th century. The situation of secondary channels is contrasted, but the excessive growth of vegetation in some channels triggers their perennial functioning. The results of the thesis brings tools to the Loire river management
Toone, Julia. "Discontinuités géomorphologiques et organisation des communautés benthiques sur le continuum fluvial de la rivière Drôme." Lyon 3, 2009. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2009_out_toone_j.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаA mixed bedrock-alluvial reach of the River Drôme, France forms the central focus of this thesis. The first part examines long-term changes in channel morphology, and the development of present-day geomorphic zonation. The second part examines the present-day organisation of in-stream macroinvertebrate communities and associations with channel morphology. The study reach is located 200 m downstream from the Béoux sub-catchment, a site chosen for the experimental remobilisation of sediment to rehabilitate degradation along the reach and in downstream parts of the Drôme. The third part evaluates the likely morphological and ecological impacts of this management strategy. Analyses reveal that degradation is a discontinuous process both in time and in space. A large flood in 1978 is seen as the catalyst of zonation. By locking the reach into a particular geometry it imposed substantial spatial discontinuity in the capacity and the propensity of the channel to adjust. Spatial differences in macroinvertebrate community structure reflect spatial differences in channel behaviour. Zone-scale variation in longitudinal, lateral and vertical connectivity, and in particular bed disturbances associated with zone-scale regimes of sediment transfer and storage, control the organization of in-stream fauna. It is considered that the present-day mixed bedrock-alluvial morphology supports a more diverse fauna than historical, alluvial channels. If fluxes of bedload reintroduced to the Drôme are not inferior or excessive to the present-day regimes responsible for maintaining zonation, then this self-regulating dynamic could be maintained. This would also maintain the present-day patterns of macroinvertebrate community structure and so it is concluded that if the reach is secured with a moderate and frequent supply of bedload then the remobilization of sediment is a desirable management strategy
Raccasi, Guillaume. "Mutations géomorphologiques récentes du Rhône aval : recherches en vue de la restauation hydraulique et de la gestion des crues." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00321723.
Повний текст джерелаDépret, Thomas. "Fonctionnement morphodynamique actuel et historique des méandres du Cher." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010601/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is dedicated to the morphodynamics and sedimentary analysis of the Cher River meanders (left bank tributary of the Middle Loire River). Two main points explain the present study. First, there is a general lack of knowledge concerning the geomorphological functioning of the Loire River tributaries, especially on the Cher River. Second, there is an apparent contradiction between the low mobility of the fluvial land forms since the early 19th century and active lateral erosion observed over the past three decades at least. In comparison with the Loire and its tributaries, the specificity of the Cher River lies in a meandering pattern that is both old and spatially extended. This research also directly concerns the current management issues of the Cher and the Loire River. These issues relate mainly to the maintenance or restoration of alluvial landscapes and to the refill of the bed with coarse sediments. The main objective of the thesis was both to fill a part of this knowledge gap and to characterize as fully as possible the atypical behavior of this meandering system in order to understand its dynamics. The various investigations conducted have focused on the middle valley of the Cher River, upstream of the channelized section, and more specifically on three distinct reaches. They were designed to validate two explanatory hypotheses that are not mutually exclusive of each other; the two hypotheses were initially set out to explain the stability of the meander planforms. The first hypothesis postulated that the migration of meanders was inhibited by the presence of bank protections. The second is related to a decrease in the frequency and / or intensity of hydrological morphogenic events since the 19th century. Our analysis is based on two complementary approaches. Firstly, we undertook the reconstruction of the evolutionary trajectory of these meanders at a historical timescale (period 1830-2005) and we investigated the causes of the observed changes. Secondly, we examined more specifically the relationships between morphogenesis and bedload transport at time scalesspanning from the hydrological event to a few decades (last 25-70 years). This study demonstrates that since 1950, but probably also since 1830, the low meander mobility, essentially results from engineering works in the bed. Further, the meanders still have a very high intrinsic ability to erode the alluvial plain. The frequency of bedload mobilization is also high. Finally, morphogenesis in the system is mainly controlled by low magnitude hydrological events. These results are of primary importance for river managers because they highlight the reversibility of the current hydrosystem degradation
Hortobágyi, Borbála. "Multi-scale interactions between riparian vegetation and hydrogeomorphic processes (the lower Allier River)." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CLFAL001/document.
Повний текст джерелаN ecosystems, such as rivers, salt marshes, mangroves, coastal dunes which are exposed to frequent and regular hydrogeomorphic fluxes (i.e. physical disturbances), feedbacks between geomorphology (water, sediment and landforms) and plants (e.g. Populus nigra L., Salix alba L., Salix purpurea L. in rivers) can occur. Vegetation esta¬blishment is controlled by hydrogeomorphic processes which in turn are modulated by vegetation. Such feedbacks control riparian ecosystem dynamics. In this thesis, we addressed two main questions in an effort to better understand feedbacks between riparian vegetation and hydrogeomorphic processes: (i) How does riparian vegetation respond to hydrogeomorphic constraints? (ii) How, and to what extent, do established engineer plants affect fluvial geomorphology? We studied these questions through a nested multi-scale approach from landscape pattern to plant trait scales on the dynamic wandering Allier River (France). We tested the applicability of the method of photogrammetry to quantify the response and the effect of riparian vegetation and biogeomorphic feedbacks at different spatio-temporal scales (i.e. corridor, alluvial bar and individual). At the corridor scale, we searched for the topographic signature of riparian vegetation in the landscape, using photogrammetric and LiDAR data. At the intermediate alluvial bar scale, we investigated the aptitude of three dominant pioneer riparian Salicaceae species (P. nigra, S. purpurea and S. alba) to establish and to act as ecosystem engineers by trap¬ping fine sediment. At the finest, plant trait scale, we quantified the relation between response trait attributes of young P. nigra plants and their exposure to three different levels of mechanical stress (a highly exposed bar-head, a less exposed bar-tail, a chute channel). We identified some difficulties or failures to properly apply photogrammetry in biogeomorphic feedback studies. However, photogrammetry appeared as a useful tool to quantify a set of relevant parameters to respond to fundamental research questions concerning biogeomorphic feedbacks at the three nested spatial scales. At the broadest, the topographic signature of vegetation was not easy to capture because of the complex shifting mosaic of landforms of the Allier River. However, by focusing on more connec¬ted, restricted areas (i.e. alluvial bars), the signature of vegetation could be captured. It seems to increase with increasing vegetation height corresponding to the evolutionary phases of the fluvial biogeomorphic succession (FBS) model. At the intermediate, alluvial bar scale, biogeomorphic feedbacks could be well identified. The capacity of riparian plants to establish and act as ecosystem engineers depended both on species and their physiognomy, their age and their location on alluvial bars. At the finest, individual plant scale, we captured the contrasting morphological and biomechanical response of P. nigra to variable mechanical stress exposure from a trait perspective. In all hierarchical levels, scale-related biogeomorphic feedbacks were detected and described in a conceptual model. The three scales were considered as cycles composed of four different phases, which can have a variable temporality. The broadest spatio-temporal scale represents the evolution over several decades of the landscape mosaic resulting from the balance between constructive (vegetation establishment, growth and succession) and destruc¬tive (floods) forces. [...]
Nabet, Fouzi. "Etude du réajustement du lit actif en Loire moyenne, bilan géomorphologique et diagnostic du fonctionnement des chenaux secondaires en vue d'une gestion raisonnée." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01001675.
Повний текст джерелаCorenblit, Dov. "Structure et dynamique du paysage fluvial : études des rétroactions entre processus hydro-géomorphologiques et dynamique de la végétation du Tech (Pyrénées orientales)." Toulouse 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU30197.
Повний текст джерелаAllignol, Françoise. "Analyse spatiale et aide à la décision pour la recherche de gisements alluvionnaires : application à la Loire Supérieure (42-France)." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00824954.
Повний текст джерелаTopin, Laurent. "Analyse et cartographie des inondations dans la région Nord-Pas-De-Calais." Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2000/50377-2000-9.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаViel, Vincent. "Analyse spatiale et temporelle des transferts sédimentaires dans les hydrosystèmes normands : Exemple du bassin versant de la Seulles." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00803223.
Повний текст джерелаCubizolle, Hervé. "Fonctionnement et dynamique d'un système fluvial de moyenne montagne cristalline : le bassin de la Dore (Massif central français)." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CLF20068.
Повний текст джерелаLatapie, Audrey. "Modélisation de l'évolution morphologique d'un lit alluvial : exemple de la Loire moyenne." Thesis, Tours, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUR4017/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work deals with the development of methods that sought to assess channel changes of a long anthropogenised river over several decades. These methods are applied on the Middle Loire River (France). Channel changes are evaluated by dividing the study reach into geomorphically distinct river reaches. A narrowing of the active channel width and a decrease of the river bed slope were observed between 1955 and 1996. Since in stream gravel mining stopped (1996), river adjustments have continued at a slower rate. Simplified geometry and simplified hydrographs are then derived and introduced into a one dimensional sediment transport model (RubarBE). The simplified geometry allows pertinent calculation of the river bed evolution whilst reducing calculation time. The use of simplified hydrographs highlights the sensitivity of sediment transport modelling to hydrology. Finally, the application of the simplifications to the whole Loire Moyenne River confirms the general trend observed between 1996 and 2006
Moulin, Bertrand. "Variabilité spatiale et temporelle du bois mort dans le réseau hydrographique de l'Isère à l'amont de Grenoble." Phd thesis, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00532671.
Повний текст джерелаLescure, Séverine. "La Garonne maritime à l'holocène : dynamique, environnements et occupation humaine." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010666.
Повний текст джерелаFluvial systems changed considerably during the Holocene in response to climatic, eustatic, geologic and/or anthropogenic forcings. Various studies have been conducted on this subject but few of them focused specifically on the Garonne River or on upper estuaries. This study proposes a Holocene evolution model of the Garonne upper estuary. The aim is both to understand the palaeohydrological functioning of this river-ocean interface, to specify the environments of the valley bottom, and to better understand environment-Human relationship. The model is based on the interdisciplinary study of two sites with geomorphological and archaeological interests (Langoiran and Isle-Saint-Georges), paired with data available on the rest of the valley. The results show that: (i) The fluvial section acquired its tidal character during the mid-Holocene; (ii) The lower Garonne River went through at least three “fluvial” metamorphosis (Atlantic period; younger Subboreal /older Subatlantic; Xth c. BC – Xth c. AD) during the last 10,000 years; (iii) The River has been controlled unequally by hydro-sedimentary flows coming from upstream and downstream; (iv) environment-Human relationship has been relatively strong; (v) The tide adds to all the factor standardly controlling the fluvial dynamics. The research highlights the singular dynamics of the upper estuaries and proposes a discussion on the concept of “fluvio-estuarine dynamics”
Meyer, Albin. "Processus et dynamique de la recolonisation et de la bio-diversité dans les bras du Rhin et autres cours d'eau restaurés de la plaine d'Alsace après reconnexion." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00974842.
Повний текст джерелаSteinmann, Ronan. "L'influence climatique et anthropique sur trois cours d'eaux bourguignons : géoarchéologie de sites de franchissement sur la Loire, la Saône et le Doubs au cours de l'Holocène." Thesis, Dijon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DIJOL032/document.
Повний текст джерелаA geoarchaeological study was led on four sections of the valleys of the Loire, Saône and Doubs rivers (Burgundy, France) in order to point out the factors influencing the alluvial dynamics on a multimillennial scale, and their effects on the preservation of archaeological information. Investigations started by roman and medieval remains of bridges discovered in active channels, were then carried out on larger parts of alluvial plains, and altogether allowed the evolutions of the channels during the Holocene period to be deducted. Various types of information on alluvial characteristics were crossed through time and space: ancient maps and XXth century or aerial photographs for centennial scale, archaeological data, geomorphological analysis, but mostly alluvial deposits for older periods. Facies analyses on fluvial sediments led to the identification and the reconstitution of successive sedimentary environments through time. The main steps of the evolution of the three rivers, after being identified and dated, were compared to previous studies in order to estimate the respective roles of climatic changes and anthropic influence on alluvial dynamics, on this regional scale, during the Holocene. Preservation of archaeological information in fluvial deposits is therefore discussed here, to reach a better understanding of taphonomic issues in such environmennts, which are potentially rich in archaeological remains
Arnaud, Fanny. "Approches géomorphologiques historique et expérimentale pour la restauration de la dynamique sédimentaire d'un tronçon fluvial aménagé : le cas du Vieux Rhin entre Kembs et Breisach (France, Allemagne)." Phd thesis, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00833042.
Повний текст джерелаMichler, Luc. "Impacts hydromorphologiques et sédimentaires du décloisonnement de l'Yerres : identification, quantification, spatialisation." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC074/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe Yerres catchment (1030 km²) is located at the southeast border of the Paris conurbation and spreads on the low relief Brie Plateau. Topographical characteristics and geographical location provide the Yerres River with a very low gradient (0,009 %) and a high longitudinal partitioning (0,5 dam/km). Cross-structures are either ancient (medieval watermills) or more recent (mobile dams) and often associated with river channelling. Dam perturbation on sediment fluxes and bed morphological modifications have led to a significant degradation of the river fluvial dynamic and morphological diversity. In this context of a much artificialized low-energy river (< 10 W/m²), we aimed at assessing the efficiency of three mobile dam (h < 3 m) lowering on bed hydromorphological restoration. For that purpose, high spatial and temporal resolution monitoring of bed topography and sediment-size were carried out between 2015 and 2017, in order to document fluvial system adjustment to dam lowering through morphological and grain-size change. Before dam lowering, fine sediment had mainly deposited in channel margins forming mud banks, except for Ozouer impoundment (the more upstream study site). For the latter, sand sedimentation had been extended to the whole channel width. After dam lowering, it also experienced the more pronounced morphological change, characterised by significant bed erosion upstream and little bed aggradation downstream. However, morphological response to dam lowering remained moderate given the high discharges over the monitoring period. Channel adjustments also appeared to be linked to sand-bed. Thus, while dam lowering undoubtedly improve hydro-eco-morphological conditions (i.e. flow facies diversity), physical restoration of the highly degraded Yerres riverbed is restricted to the sand bed material transport restoration
Chapuis, Margot. "Mobilité des sédiments fluviaux grossiers dans les systèmes fortement anthropisés : éléments pour la gestion de la basse vallée de la Durance." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3019/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe Durance River (South-Eastern France) is a large and steep wandering gravel-bed river, deeply impacted by gravel mining and flow diversion in its whole catchment area. The Durance River is characterized by a sediment deficit that led to a reduction of active channel width and river bed degradation. These lateral and vertical dynamics lead to important issues in terms of landscape management, because of (i) maintaining the bed hydraulic capacity to evacuate flood discharges and (ii) planform evolution of the river that conflicts with landscape use. This field-based thesis aims at developing a functioning scheme of bedload transport in large gravel bed rivers at various spatial (and consequently temporal) scales and gives keys to understanding for sediment fluxes management on the Durance River. Particle and bedform mobility mechanisms are studied with a scientific approach closely linked to management issues
Alber, Adrien. "Etude multi-scalaire de la dynamique latérale des tronçons fluviaux- Application au bassin rhodanien." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO20102.
Повний текст джерелаThe channel migration is a key process for preserving the aquatic ecosystem functioning. This work explores its spatial variability throughout the South-East French hydrographic network for the implementation of the European Water Framework Directive.A first part develops a methodological framework and geomatic tools for the characterization and analysis of the fluvial systems for a range of scales from spatially continuous data available at the large scale. A first paper introduces the methodological framework based on the spatial disaggregation and aggregation of geographical objects. A second paper focuses specifically on the aggregating problem and aims to compare statistical techniques for delineating homogeneous reaches along a continuum. Examples illustrate the potentialities and limits of the tools we developed. A second part focuses on the regionalization of the channel migration. A third paper characterizes and models the migration rates from simple variables that can be extracted at the large scale. We show that the migration rate is spatially organized and positively controlled by the gross stream power. Nevertheless, limits of the regional-scale empirical modeling emerge, as well as additional variables that should be integrated (particularly the sediment supply). A fourth paper focuses specifically on braided rivers and shows that near the half of the 1200 kilometers censed prior to the major infrastructure construction disappeared due to direct and indirect human impacts. It also reveals the high geomorphic diversity of the contemporary braided rivers in the Rhône basin