Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Géochronologie K-Ar et 40Ar/39Ar"
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Статті в журналах з теми "Géochronologie K-Ar et 40Ar/39Ar":
Le Carlier De Veslud, Christian, Paul Alexandre, Michel Cuney, Gilles Ruffet, Alain Cheilletz, and Denis Virlogeux. "40 Ar/39Ar thermochronology and thermal evolution of Meso-Variscan granitoids of the Charroux-Civray plutonic complex (Seuil du Poitou)." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 175, no. 2 (March 1, 2004): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/175.2.147.
Дисертації з теми "Géochronologie K-Ar et 40Ar/39Ar":
Gaylor, Jonathan. "40Ar/39Ar Dating of the Late Cretaceous." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01017165.
Hevia, Cruz Francisco. "Climatic and landscape evolution of the Azores over the past million years." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASJ035.
Landscape evolution on volcanic islands is driven by complex interactions between volcano growth and destruction by a variety of processes (explosive eruptions, landslides, riverine erosion, weathering). Major climate changes, may impact the dynamics of degradation processes at different spatial and temporal scales. For example, extreme rain can produce an immediate hydrological response causing important destruction. Changes in weathering rates, sensitive to precipitation and temperature, can trigger changes in soil fertility but also modify global carbon cycling.The Azores volcanic islands provide an ideal setting to study these interactions, with both scientific and societal significance, especially in the context of ongoing global warming. Located in the Central North Atlantic, they are under the influence of major climatic drivers. Most of them had pulses of volcanic activity over the past 1 Myr, a period characterized by high-amplitude glacial-interglacial transitions with major climatic changes. While global climatic variations have been relatively well-studied for this period, reconstructing the atmospheric paleoclimate and its effects at local/regional scales remains challenging. Paleosols (PSs) are fossil soils formed by weathering at surface, and later incorporated into the geological record. Their geochemistry provides valuable insights into past environmental conditions, while the geochronology of volcanic products “bracketing” PSs allows their temporal constraint.In this work, we reconstructed mean annual precipitations (MAP) and air temperature (MAAT) over the last 1 Myr in the Azores region through a combined geochemical-geochronological study of PSs. Two proxies based on PSs’ major element were used: the weathering index (CIA-K) and the Clayeyness, both validated in other volcanic settings. The precise dating of volcanic units by either unspiked K-Ar on lava flow groundmass separates or ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar on single K-feldspar of trachytic fallout evidence “pulses” of soil-formation within only a few kyr. This occurred especially after glacial terminations (MIS 21, 19, 11, 9e, 5e and 1), under wet and warm conditions. Fast paleoenvironmental changes were recorded in PSs’ geochemistry, and MAAT reconstructions (12-28 ᵒC) agree with previously published Sea Surface Temperatures, pointing to a tight ocean-atmosphere teleconnection. Those “pulses” suggest sustained weakening phases for the Azores High, allowing humid air currents (Westerlies) to reach further to the south.Our data also show contrasted rates of vertical soil development (3-180 mm/kyr). Weathering was favored by the structure and texture of parental materials, as PSs formed under lower MAP in pyroclastic deposits than in lava flows (~500 and ~800 mm/yr thresholds). This highlights the influence of fragmentation on weathering’s kinetics due to higher specific surface area. Enhanced weathering at surface and along geological discontinuities may have promoted mechanical weakening, favoring erosion and landslides. Notably, high MAPs (up to 1500 mm/yr) obtained around the Eemian interglacial stage are coincident in time with the initiation of a large slide complex on the southern flank of Pico. Intense precipitation may have led to increased water infiltration favoring enhanced hydromagmatic interactions. Drastic increase in pore pressure may then have triggered the initiation of the flank movement along listric faults that are still active. Current conditions in the Azores are wetter and slightly warmer than during the last Myr. Increased infiltration along faults could partly control subsequent movement and yield to detachment of the outer flank of Pico, with potentially dramatic consequences.More generally, present temperature and humidity increase on volcanic islands points to intense weathering, resulting in fast landscape evolution, increased lixiviation and elementary export and high atmospheric CO₂ uptaking, with local, regional and global impacts
Coulié, Emmanuel. "Chronologie 40Ar/39Ar et K/Ar de la dislocation du plateau éthiopien et de la déchirure continentale à la corne de l'Afrique depuis 30 Ma." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA112284.
We present here a new analytical system for 4O_Ar/39_Ar dating that relies onto an original 180ʿ sector multiple collection mass spectrometer with five faraday cups. Results of preliminarily experiments undertaken on geological standard minerals highlight the good behavior of this new instrument for step heating analyses. The age reproducibility of successive steps lead to analytical errors lower than 0. 2 %. Such a system appears today unique on the international plan for 40_Ar/39_Ar routine dating. This new penta-collector MS enabled us to perform highly reproducible 40_Ar/39_Ar dating of Ethiopian volcanics. It is now admitted that continental flood basalt volcanism has a strong relationship with continental break-up. The Ethiopian-Afar plume has been linked to the early opening of the Afar depression, where the propagation of Red Sea and Gulf of Aden within the depression is still an ongoing process. The purposes of this study are to constrain the emplacement and duration of the trap series, and to reconstruct the eruptive chronology of the earlier opening stages, since the initiation of the fracturation. Twenty-eight 40_Ar/39_Ar and 68 K/Ar new ages data have been performed on volcanic series and granitic bodies, sampled on the plateaus (Ethiopian, Yemenite, Somalian) and along their boundaries on the Afar margin. Our results support that the onset of traps volcanism took place around 30 Ma, with a duration lower than 1 Myr. The emplacement of granitic bodies as early as 30 Ma argues for a synchronous initiation of the opening. Finally, all results obtained in this study on both plateau and rifted margin areas helped us to propose a global scheme for the evolution of the Afar depression since 30 Ma
Favier, Alexiane. "Évolution spatio-temporelle de l'hydrothermalisme dans la plaque supérieure de l'arc des Petites Antilles en Guadeloupe : applications aux systèmes géothermaux." Thesis, Antilles, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ANTI0401.
To further develop high-enthalpy geothermal energy in Lesser Antilles arc, it is necessary to identify possible new key targets, and to better understand the modes of fluids and heat transfers in geothermal reservoirs. The objective of this work is thus to characterize the spatio-temporal evolution of hydrothermalism at the upper plate of the arc in Guadeloupe with a multidisciplinary approach (combined structural, geochemical, mineralogical, petrological and geochronological analyses) focussed on the oldest volcanic complexes of the archipelago. In the north of Basse-Terre Island reveals an arc metamorphism developed under sub-Greenschist facies. The standard thermal state of the arc crust in Guadeloupe thus established shows a brittle-ductile transition located at depths of 3 to 4 km. An exhumed geothermal paleo-reservoir, identified at the south of Basse-Terre Island, indicates a hydrothermal metamorphism developed under Greenschist facies synchronous with the development of schistose corridors and attests for both vertical and lateral hydrothermal fluid transfers at depths between 2 and 3 km. Comparison of the age of the volcanic activity and Ar-Ar dating of the high-temperature hydrothermal phases allows us to estimate a maximum operating time of the paleo-reservoir at 650 ka. Finally, the discovery, the analysis and the K-Ar dating of a new hydrothermal breccia, within the active geothermal system, reveals a link between current geothermal activity and volcanic activity of the Soufrière, interpreted as a distal epithermal system. Our results lead to a conceptual model for the operation of a high-energy geothermal reservoir in the context of an active arc