Статті в журналах: "Genotype VII"

1

Xiang, Bin, Libin Chen, Juncheng Cai, Jianpeng Liang, Qiuyan Lin, Chenggang Xu, Chan Ding, Ming Liao, and Tao Ren. "Insights into Genomic Epidemiology, Evolution, and Transmission Dynamics of Genotype VII of Class II Newcastle Disease Virus in China." Pathogens 9, no. 10 (October 13, 2020): 837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9100837.

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Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is distributed worldwide and has caused significant losses to the poultry industry. Almost all virulent NDV strains belong to class II, among which genotype VII is the predominant genotype in China. However, the molecular evolution and phylodynamics of class II genotype VII NDV strains in China remained largely unknown. In this study, we identified 13 virulent NDV including 11 genotype VII strains and 2 genotype IX strains, from clinical samples during 1997 to 2019. Combined NDV sequences submitted to GenBank, we investigate evolution, and transmission dynamics of class II NDVs in China, especially genotype VII strains. Our results revealed that East and South China have the most genotypic diversity of class II NDV, and East China might be the origin of genotype VII NDVs in China. In addition, genotype VII NDVs in China are presumably transmitted by chickens, as the virus was most prevalent in chickens. Furthermore, codon usage analysis revealed that the F genes of genotype VII NDVs have stronger adaptation in chickens, and six amino acids in this gene are found under positive selection via selection model analysis. Collectively, our results revealed the genetic diversity and evolutionary dynamics of genotype VII NDVs in China, providing important insights into the epidemiology of these viruses in China.

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Mennen, Louise I., Moniek P. M. de Maat, Evert G. Schouten, Cornelis Kluft, Paulus T. V. M. de Jong, Albert Hofman, and Diederick E. Grobbee. "Coagulation Factor VII, Serum-Triglycerides and the R/Q353 Polymorphism: Differences between Older Men and Women." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 78, no. 03 (1997): 0984–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1657672.

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SummaryCoagulation factor VII activity (FVIIC) is a risk indicator for cardiovascular disease. It is related to serum-triglycerides and the R/Q353 polymorphism (alleles R and Q) in the gene coding for factor VII is strongly associated with factor VII. The association of serum- triglycerides with factor VII may differ between the genotypes, but the results of earlier studies were inconsistent and did not include older people. We studied FVII, triglycerides and the R/Q353 polymorphism in the Rotterdam Study.In 1158 older subjects (489 men and 669 women) FVIIC, factor VII: Chr, serum-triglycerides and the R/Q353-genotype were determined.In women triglycerides were positively associated with FVIIChr and FVIIC (FVIIChr: β = 12.4 % PP/mmol/L, CI: 10.3-14.5; FVII:C: β = 13.1% PP/mmol/L, CI: 10.4-15.8). These associations varied by genotype (FVII:Chr: RR: β = 11.7, CI: 9.6-13.8, RQ/QQ: β = 7.9, CI: 4.6-11.2; FVII:C: RR: β = 12.5, CI: 9.5-15.5, RQ/QQ: β = 6.4, CI: 1.4-11.4).In men, the associations of FVII:Chr and FVII:C with triglycerides were weaker (FVII:Chr: β = 5.9, CI: 4.1-7.7; FVII:C: β = 8.7, CI: 6.2-11.2). There was no difference between the genotype groups.These results suggest that only in older women the strength of the association of factor VII with serum-triglycerides varies according to genotype of the R/Q353 polymorphism.

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Sultan, Hesham A., Wael K. Elfeil, Ahmed A. Nour, Laila Tantawy, Elsayed G. Kamel, Emad M. Eed, Ahmad El Askary, and Shaimaa Talaat. "Efficacy of the Newcastle Disease Virus Genotype VII.1.1-Matched Vaccines in Commercial Broilers." Vaccines 10, no. 1 (December 27, 2021): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10010029.

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Class II genotype VII Newcastle disease viruses (NDV) are predominant in the Middle East and Asia despite intensive vaccination programs using conventional live and inactivated NDV vaccines. In this study, the protective efficacies of three commercial vaccine regimes involving genotype II NDV, recombinant genotype VII NDV-matched, and an autogenous velogenic NDV genotype VII vaccine were evaluated against challenge with velogenic NDV genotype VII (accession number MG029120). Three vaccination regimes were applied as follows: group-1 received inactivated genotype II, group-2 received inactivated recombinant genotype VII NDV-matched, and group-3 received velogenic inactivated autogenous NDV genotype VII vaccines given on day 7; for the live vaccine doses, each group received the same live genotype II vaccine. The birds in all of the groups were challenged with NDV genotype VII, which was applied on day 28. Protection by the three regimes was evaluated after infection based on mortality rate, clinical signs, gross lesions, virus shedding, seroconversion, and microscopic changes. The results showed that these three vaccination regimes partially protected commercial broilers (73%, 86%, 97%, respectively, vs. 8.6% in non-vaccinated challenged and 0% in non-vaccinated non-challenged birds) against mortality at 10 days post-challenge (dpc). Using inactivated vaccines significantly reduced the virus shedding at the level of the number of shedders and the amount of virus that was shed in all vaccinated groups (G1-3) compared to in the non-vaccinated group (G-4). In conclusion, using closely genotype-matched vaccines (NDV-GVII) provided higher protection than using vaccines that were not closely genotype-matched and non-genotype-matched. The vaccine seeds that were closely related to genotype VII.1.1 provided higher protection against challenge against this genotype since it circulates in the Middle East region. Updating vaccine seeds with recent and closely related isolates provides higher protection.

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4

Ching, Karen Z., Tatsunori Nakano, Louisa E. Chapman, Austin Demby, and Betty H. Robertson. "Genetic characterization of wild-type genotype VII hepatitis A virus." Journal of General Virology 83, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-83-1-53.

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The complete genome sequence of the only identified genotype VII hepatitis A virus (HAV), strain SLF88, was obtained from PCR amplicons generated by a modified long PCR approach. There was 90% nucleotide identity in the 5′ untranslated region compared to other known HAV sequences. In the remainder of the genome containing the long open reading frame, there was about 85% nucleotide identity to human HAV genotypes IA and IB and 80% identity to simian HAV genotype V. Compared to HAV strain HM-175, the capsid amino acids were highly conserved, with only four homologous amino acid changes, while an increasing number of amino acid differences was seen in the P2 and P3 genome regions. While nucleotide variability within the three functional coding regions did not differ, the P3D region was found to have the largest number of amino acid changes compared to HM-175.

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5

Cao, Yongzhong, Zongyi Bo, Baoyang Ruan, Mengjiao Guo, Chengcheng Zhang, Xiaorong Zhang, and Yantao Wu. "Construction of Novel Thermostable Chimeric Vaccine Candidates for Genotype VII Newcastle Disease Virus." Viruses 15, no. 1 (December 28, 2022): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15010082.

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Genotype VII Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) has caused a pandemic in many countries and usually causes fatal consequences in infected chickens. Although current commercial attenuated NDV vaccines can provide an ideal protection against genotype VII NDV, they cannot completely prevent the infection and viral shedding, and the genotype of some vaccine strains cannot match with the prevalent strain. In this study, in order to construct a thermostable and genotype VII-matched live attenuated vaccine, we used a thermostable genotype VIII virulent HR09 strain as the backbone and replaced its F gene with that of the genotype VII DT-2014 strain. Meanwhile, the cleavage site of F gene of DT-2014 was mutated to that of class I F protein and avirulent class II F protein, respectively. The results showed that the two chimeric viruses, designated rcHR09-CI and rcHR09-CII, shared a similar growth kinetics and thermostability with their parental HR09 strain. Mean death time (MDT) and intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI) tests showed that the two chimeric viruses were highly attenuated. Though both chimeric NDVs and La Sota vaccine strain could provide complete protection to immunized chickens against the challenge of virulent genotype VII ZJ1 strain, the two chimeric NDVs could induce a higher level of antibody response against ZJ1 strain and could significantly reduce the viral shedding compared with La Sota vaccine strain. In conclusion, our study constructed two chimeric thermostable genotype VII-matched NDV vaccine candidates, which provided complete protection against the challenge of virulent genotype VII NDV.

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6

Mariani, Guglielmo, Falko Herrmann, Alberto Dolce, Angelika Batorova, Daniela Etro, Flora Peyvandi, Karin Wulff, et al. "Clinical phenotypes and factor VII genotype in congenital factor VII deficiency." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 93, no. 03 (2005): 481–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th04-10-0650.

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SummaryTo investigate the relationship between clinical phenotype, clotting activity (FVIIc) and FVII genotype, a multi-center study of factor VII (FVII) congenital deficiency with centralized genotyping and specific functional assays was carried out. FVII mutations characterized in patients (n=313) were extremely heterogeneous (103 different, 22 novel). Clinical phenotypes ranged from asymptomatic condition, including 15 homozygotes and 14 double heterozygotes, to patients with a severe disease char-acterized by life-threatening and disabling symptoms (CNS, GI bleeding and hemarthrosis) strongly associated with an early age of presentation. Based on type and number of symptoms we classified 90 'severe' (median FVIIc 1.4%, IQR [Interquartile Range] 0.9–3.8), 83 'moderate' (FVIIc 3%, IQR 1–21.7), and 140 'mild' bleeders (FVIIc 14%, IQR 3–31). The significantly different FVIIc levels, and the decreasing prevalence of homozygotes or double heterozygotes among severe (98%), moderate (84%) and mild (56%) bleeders, further support our classification. The excess of females among moderate bleeders (female/male ratio =2.6) is attributable to menorrhagia. There was no evidence for modulation of clinical features by frequent functional polymorphisms. Homozygotes for the same mutation (Ala294Val; 11125del C) with similar FVIIc and FXa generation levels, showed striking differences in clinical phenotypes. Our study depicts the ample clinical picture of this rare disorder, proposes a severity classification and provides arguments for the early management of the disease in the severe cases. Genotype-phenotype relationships indicate the presence of major environmental and/or extragenic components modulating expressivity of FVII deficiency.

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7

Folsom, Aaron, Eyal Shahar, Michael Tsai, Robert Jeffery, Rena Wing, and James Pankow. "Weight-Loss Induced Changes in Plasma Factor VII Coagulant Activity and Relation to the Factor VII Arg/Gln353 Polymorphism in Moderately Obese Adults." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 79, no. 04 (1998): 784–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1615065.

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SummaryElevated plasma factor VII coagulant activity (factor VIIc) may be an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease. Several cross-sectional studies suggest that a polymorphism of the factor VII gene (ArgGln353) interacts with plasma triglyceride level in determining factor VIIc, but prospective data are lacking. Factor VII genotype, factor VIIc, and triglyceride level were measured in moderately obese adults aged 25 to 45 who underwent a six-month clinical trial to evaluate strategies for weight loss. A total of 48 men and 50 women who experienced substantial weight loss (mean: 10 kg) provided samples for genetic analysis. Overall, 78% of participants were homozygous for the Arg353 allele, while the remaining 22% were heterozygous (Arg/Gln353). At the baseline examination, heterozygotes had lower mean factor VIIc than Arg353 homozygotes (92% vs. 112%; p<0.001), and genotype explained 18% of the variance of factor VIIc. Average six-month weight loss was similar in both genotypes; mean reductions in factor VIIc following weight loss were greatest among Arg353 homozygotes with high initial values (>120%). Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between plasma factor VIIc and triglyceride level were not dependent on genotype. These data confirm that the Gln353 allele is associated with lower factor VII coagulant activity in moderately obese adults, but they do not support the hypothesis that the Arg-Gln353 polymorphism interacts with plasma triglyceride level in determining factor VIIc.

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8

Shankarishan, Priyanka, Prasanta Kumar Borah, Giasuddin Ahmed, and Jagadish Mahanta. "Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Polymorphisms and the Risk of Hypertension in an Indian Population." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/793040.

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Genetic variants of eNOS gene play a significant role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Many environmental factors have, also, been implicated in the aetiology of hypertension. We carried out an age-matched case-control study among adults. Hypertension was defined according to JNC-VII criteria and eNOS gene polymorphisms were determined by PCR and PCR followed by PCR-RFLP. eNOS intron 4 aa genotype (adjusted OR 6.81; 95% CI 2.29–20.25) and eNOS 894TT genotype (adjusted OR 7.84; 95% CI 2.57–23.96) were associated with the risk of hypertension. Tobacco users (either smoking/chewing or both) with eNOS intron 4 aa genotype (OR 14.00: 95% CI 1.20–163.37), eNOS 894GG genotype (OR 5.56: 95% CI 3.72–8.31), and eNOS T-786C CC genotype (OR 9.00: 95% CI 1.14–71.04) were at an increased risk of hypertension. Similarly a significant gene-environment interaction was observed between individuals consuming alcohol with eNOS intron 4 aa genotype (OR 12.00: 95% CI 1.20–143.73) and eNOS 894GG genotype (OR 1.95: 95% CI 1.35–2.81). The present study identified few susceptible genotypes of the eNOS gene with the risk of hypertension. Moreover, the interactive effects between the environmental factors and the risk of hypertension were dependent on the eNOS genotypes.

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9

Khader, Manar, Magdy El-Kady, and Iman Shaheed. "Viral distribution of Newcastle disease virus genotype VII in different organs of broiler chickens." Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Pathology 13, no. 2 (July 30, 2020): 510–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24070/bjvp.1983-0246.v13i2p510-518.

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10

Lu, Ling, Karen Z. Ching, Vanessa Salete de Paula, Tatsunori Nakano, Gunter Siegl, Manfred Weitz, and Betty H. Robertson. "Characterization of the complete genomic sequence of genotype II hepatitis A virus (CF53/Berne isolate)." Journal of General Virology 85, no. 10 (October 1, 2004): 2943–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.80304-0.

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The complete genomic sequence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) CF53/Berne strain was determined. Pairwise comparison with other complete HAV genomic sequences demonstrated that the CF53/Berne isolate is most closely related to the single genotype VII strain, SLF88. This close relationship was confirmed by phylogenetic analyses of different genomic regions, and was most pronounced within the capsid region. These data indicated that CF53/Berne and SLF88 isolates are related more closely to each other than are subtypes IA and IB. A histogram of the genetic differences between HAV strains revealed four separate peaks. The distance values for CF53/Berne and SLF88 isolates fell within the peak that contained strains of the same subtype, showing that they should be subtypes within a single genotype. The complete genomic data indicated that genotypes II and VII should be considered a single genotype, based upon the complete VP1 sequence, and it is proposed that the CF53/Berne isolate be classified as genotype IIA and strain SLF88 as genotype IIB. The CF53/Berne isolate is cell-adapted, and therefore its sequence was compared to that of two other strains adapted to cell culture, HM-175/7 grown in MK-5 and GBM grown in FRhK-4 cells. Mutations found at nucleotides 3889, 4087 and 4222 that were associated with HAV attenuation and cell adaptation in HM175/7 and GMB strains were not present in the CF53/Berne strain. Deletions found in the 5′UTR and P3A regions of the CF53/Berne isolate that are common to cell-adapted HAV isolates were identified, however.

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11

Panin, M. A., N. V. Zagorodnii, A. V. Boiko, L. M. Samokhodskaya, M. D. Abakirov, and E. E. Volkov. "The significance of polymorphisms of gene coagulation factors VII and XIII in the pathogenesis of non-traumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head." Genij Ortopedii 27, no. 1 (February 2021): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.18019/1028-4427-2021-27-1-43-47.

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Introduction Non-traumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) is a poly-etiologic and socially significant disease in the age of 20 to 50 years and is associated with disability. Research on the identification of necrosis causes/predictors is a relevant issue. Purpose To study the contribution of polymorphisms in the genes of coagulation factors F7 and F13 in the aetiology of non-traumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Methods Polymorphisms of the genes of coagulation factors F7 and F13 were studied; comparative analysis of the frequency of important allelic variants of F7genes (Arg353Gln) and F13 (Val134Leu) in patients with a verified diagnosis of aseptic necrosis (study group) and in healthy patients (control group) was performed. The study group included 41 patients (all males) with aseptic necrosis of the femoral head of unknown etiology. Results The frequency of gene alleles in the F7 Arg353Gln in the study group were: GG in 30 out of 41 patients (73.2 %), GA in 11 out of 41 patients (26.8 %), and none of 41 patients had a polymorphic variant AA. The frequency of alleles of this type of gene in the control group was as follows: GG in 7 out of 320 subjects (2.2 %), GA in 66 out of 320 patients (20.6 %), AA in 247 out of 320 (77.2 %). Significant differences were identified in the frequencies of homozygous genotypes, AA (χ2 = 100.215, p < 0.001) and GG (χ2 = 205.770, p < 0.001) in the study and control groups respectively. As for the heterozygous GA genotype, the differences were not significant (χ2 = 0.834, p = 0.362). The GG genotype of the gene Val134Leu F13 WAS 2.8 times more frequent in patients of the study group, differences were statistically significant (26.8 % against 9.7 %, χ2 = 10.388; p = 0.002). The presence of the TT genotype of the gene Val134Leu F13 was almost five times more frequent (χ2 = 18.956, p < 0.001) in healthy individuals (control group). Differences in the frequency of allele T in homo/ and heterozygous combinations (TT and GT) in the study and control groups was also significant (72.7 % vs 90.1 %, respectively, χ2 = 4.946, p = 0.027). Discussion Polymorphisms of coagulation factors genes F7 and F13 have a significant effect on the genesis of non-traumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Risk factor of ANFH development is homozygous GG genotype in the gene Arg353Gln F7. Low probability of the disease is due to a protective role of AA genotype of the gene Arg353Gln F7 and TT genotype of the gene Val134Leu F13.

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Napolitano, Mariasanta, Sergio Siragusa, and Guglielmo Mariani. "Factor VII Deficiency: Clinical Phenotype, Genotype and Therapy." Journal of Clinical Medicine 6, no. 4 (March 28, 2017): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm6040038.

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13

Lehmann, H. W., S. Mundlos, A. Winterpacht, R. E. Brenner, B. Zabel, and P. K. M�ller. "Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type VII: phenotype and genotype." Archives of Dermatological Research 286, no. 8 (October 1994): 425–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00371566.

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Ahmed, MS, S. Parveen, MK Bashar, and AKM Shamsuddin. "Genetic Divergence of Balam Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Germplasm of Bangladesh." Bangladesh Rice Journal 19, no. 1 (November 12, 2015): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brj.v19i1.25214.

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Forty genotypes of Balam rice germplasm of Bangladesh were studied for 17 morpho-physicochemical characters at BRRI during 2009-11. The cluster analysis using Mahalanobis D2 statistics, grouped the genotypes into seven clusters, where no duplicate germplasm was found for the studied characters. The highest number of genotypes (8) was constellated into clusters I, III and V and the lowest (2) was in cluster IV. The intra- and inter-cluster distances were maximum (1.17 and 21.16) in cluster VII and between clusters II and IV and minimum (0.27 and 2.23) in cluster IV and between clusters II and VII respectively. Based on the values of principal component score, the two-dimensional scatter diagram (Z1-Z2) also distributed the genotypes into seven groups. The genotype of cluster IV, produced the highest flag and penultimate leaf area (1136 cm2), culm diameter (7.2 mm), days to maturity (152 days), primary and secondary branches per panicle (63), grain yield per panicle (4.9 g), 1000-grain weight (29.3 g), grain yield per hill (31.3 g), cooking time (19 min) and amylose content (24.1%). Similarly, the genotype of cluster I, produced the tallest plant (148 cm), maximum straw yield per hill (40.0 g) and protein content (9.6%), while the genotype of cluster VI, produced the highest panicle per plant (21) and the genotype of cluster III, produced the longest grain (8.8 mm). Therefore, it may be possible to obtain the highest mean values for the maximum studied characters, if the genotypes of cluster IV are crossed with the genotypes of cluster I, cluster III and cluster VI respectively. Besides, the canonical variate analysis showed that the grain length, cooking time, straw yield per hill, days to maturity, plant height and grain yield per panicle contributed maximum to the genetic divergence of the studied germplasms. Finally, the study revealed that the Balam rice germplasm can offer a diverse valuable gene reservoir to utilize in hybridization programmes for the improvement of Balam rice.Bangladesh Rice j. 2015, 19(1): 9-15

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15

Ghiu, Ioana A., Robert E. Ferrell, Onanong Kulaputana, Dana A. Phares, and James M. Hagberg. "Selected genetic polymorphisms and plasma coagulation factor VII changes with exercise training." Journal of Applied Physiology 96, no. 3 (March 2004): 985–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00877.2003.

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We assessed the effects of coagulation factor VII (FVII) gene polymorphisms, lipid-related polymorphisms, and exercise training-induced plasma lipoprotein lipid changes on FVII level changes with exercise training in middle- to older-aged men and women. Forty-six healthy sedentary men and women were stabilized on a low-fat diet and then underwent baseline testing, 6 mo of endurance exercise training, and final testing. Plasma FVII-Ag levels decreased with exercise training (106.7 ± 1.4 vs. 104.2 ± 1.6%, P = 0.005). There were no significant differences in FVII-Ag changes with exercise training between -323 (0/10 bp)/-401 (G/T) haplotype or -402 (G/A) genotype groups. FVII-Ag changes with training were not correlated with changes in plasma lipoprotein lipids. In linear regression analyses, FVII-Ag changes with training remained significant after adjusting for training-induced plasma lipoprotein lipid changes ( P = 0.01). FVII changes with training were associated with apolipoprotein E genotype ( P = 0.012); this relationship was still evident after adjusting for training-induced plasma lipoprotein lipid changes ( P = 0.047). FVII changes with training also were significantly associated with human ATPase binding cassette-1 genotype ( P = 0.018); this relationship persisted after accounting for the effect of the training-induced plasma lipoprotein lipid changes ( P = 0.045). We conclude that plasma FVII-Ag changes with exercise training are more closely related to selected lipid-related genotypes than FVII gene promoter variants.

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16

L. Prasanthi, Reshmi Jahan Mohammed, and Lakshminarayana R. Vemireddy. "Genetic Diversity Studies in Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) Germplasm." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 10, no. 11 (November 10, 2021): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2021.1011.008.

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An investigation was carried out to estimate the genetic divergence for twenty characters in 50 genotypes of greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] using Mahalanobis's D2 statistic and total of eight clusters were formed. The highest number of genotypes were found in cluster II containing sixteen genotypes followed by cluster I with thirteen genotypes, cluster IV with ten genotypes, cluster VI with five genotypes, cluster VIII with three genotypes and clusters III, V and VII with only one genotype. Highest intra-cluster distance was observed for cluster IV (87.54) and lowest intra cluster distance was observed for clusters III, V and VII. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster IV and VIII (285.11),while the lowest inter cluster distance was observed between cluster VI and VII (251.29). Among the characters studied, phenols content contributed the maximum (32.57 %) towards the diversity. The genotypes present in the clusters V (COGG-13-19) and VII (LGG-544) showed high seed yield performance so, cross obtained between these genotypes will give better performance for yield. The genotypes in the cluster VI (GGG-1, GGG-1-1, IPM-2-14, WGG-42, EC-396117) and cluster III (AGG-35) exhibited resistance to YMV. Hence, the crosses among cluster V, VII, VI and III would give high seed yield along with YMV disease resistance.

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Koster, T., F. R. Rosendaal, P. H. Reitsma, P. A. van der Velden, E. Briët, and J. P. Vandenbroucke. "Factor VII and Fibrinogen Levels as Risk Factors for Venous Thrombosis." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 71, no. 06 (1994): 719–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642511.

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SummaryThe plasma levels of coagulation factor VII and fibrinogen are well known risk factors for arterial thrombosis. We tested the hypothesis that this association also exists for venous thrombosis. Additionally, MspI and Haelll polymorphisms in the factor VII and fibrinogen genes have recently been reported to be associated with the concentration of both proteins in the plasma. However, no conclusion could be drawn with respect to an increase or decrease in thrombosis risk. We undertook a population-based case-control study, in which 199 patients with a first, objectively confirmed episode of deep vein thrombosis, aged less than 70, and without a known malignant disorder were compared to 199 age-and sex-matched healthy controls, to evaluate the clinical importance of these reported findings.For fibrinogen we found a positive level-related association between the plasma fibrinogen level and thrombotic risk. Subjects with a plasma fibrinogen greater than 5 g/1 had an almost 4-fold increase of thrombosis risk. The frequencies of the different Haelll genotypes were out of balance only for the thrombosis patients, with a deficit of the H1H2 genotype. Possession of an H1H2 genotype was associated with a 40% reduction in thrombosis risk.For factor VII, neither the plasma level nor the MspI genotypes were related to deep vein thrombosis, although possession of a M2 allele was clearly associated with significantly lower factor VII levels. The frequencies of the Mspl-genotypes were the same for patients and control subjects and, exhibited Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.Our results support that plasma fibrinogen, a determinant of arterial thrombosis is also a risk factor for venous thrombosis, while factor VII plasma concentration is unrelated to deep vein thrombosis, which is supported by the data from the DNA analysis of polymorphisms.

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18

Heywood, Daniella M., Michael W. Mansfield, and Peter J. Grant. "Factor VII Gene Polymorphisms, Factor VII:C Levels and Features of Insulin Resistance in Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes mellitus." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 75, no. 03 (1996): 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1650286.

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SummaryThe macrovascular complications of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) are related to the features of insulin resistance (IR). High Factor VII :C (FVII:C) levels are associated with increased cardiovascular risk and relate to a base change in the FVII gene detected by Msp I endonuclease, and also to an insertion polymorphism in the promoter region. To examine the association between FVII:C levels, genotype and features of IR, 95 NIDDM patients were studied. Genotype was related to FVII:C levels (M1M1 137%, n = 75; M1M2 and M2M2 114%, n = 20, p <0.005; AA 136%, n = 71; Aa 119%, n = 21, p <0.05), which is consistent with previous studies in healthy populations. FVII: C correlated with cholesterol (r = 0.51, p <0.0005), insulin (r = 0.36, p = 0.002), triglycerides (r = 0.34, p = 0.001), age (r = 0.23, p <0.005) and body mass index (r = 0.23, p <0.05). When analysed by Msp I genotype, the stronger predictor of FVII: C levels, these correlations remained, with no difference in regression slopes. In a multiple regression model, genotype, cholesterol, insulin, and gender remained as independent predictors of FVII:C levels. In conclusion, FVII :C concentrations are elevated in NIDDM in relation to both FVII genotypes and features of IR.

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19

Ali, M., M. A. K. Mian, M. G. Rasul, M. A. Aziz Miah, M. Z. Alam, and M. A. Hossain. "GENETIC DIVERSITY IN LOCAL AROMATIC RICE (Oryza sativa L.) GENOTYPES." Bangladesh Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics 25, no. 2 (December 30, 2012): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v25i2.18665.

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Genetic diversity was assessed for 66 local aromatic rice genotypes to identify parental genotypes having distant relationship through Mahalanobiss D2 statistic. First six principal component axes above unity contributed 90.88% for variation among the genotypes. Yield per plant showed the highest contribution to total divergence followed by grain breadth, days to maturity and others. The genotypes under study were grouped into ten clusters. Clusters III and VII comprised of the maximum number (11) of genotypes when Cluster X possessed single genotype. The lowest inter genotypic distance was recorded between Kalijira-7 and Chinigura when the highest distance was observed between Elai and Rajbhog-2. The highest inter cluster distance was observed between clusters I and V while the shortest distance was carried by the clusters VII and IX. It revealed that the genotypes belonging to cluster I was far diverse from the genotypes under cluster V whereas the genotypes belonging to clusters VII and IX were least diverse. Among the genotypes, Oval Tapl, Sakkorkhora, Black, Dubsail, Rajbhog-2, Badshahbhog-8, Guamori, Elai, Kataribhog and BRRI dhan-38 might be selected from different clusters for different characters for future breeding program.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v25i2.18665

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Goswami, B., Rb Dubey, Dalip, and Jr Choudhary. "Genetic Diversity Analysis for Seed Yield and Its Component Characters in Urdbean (Vigna Mou (L.) Hper)." Bangladesh Journal of Botany 51, no. 2 (June 28, 2022): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v51i2.60418.

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Forty-six genotypes were subjected to genetic diversity studies for seed yield and its component characters using Mahalanobis’s D2 statistic. The analysis of variance indicated significant differences among 46 genotypes for all the 14 characters. Forty-six genotypes were grouped into nine clusters, out of which cluster-II had the maximum number of genotypes (16), followed by cluster-III (10), cluster-I (9) and cluster- IV (6). The rest of the clusters i.e. cluster-V, VI, VII, VIII and IX, each possessed single genotype. The intercluster distances surpassed the intra-cluster distances, expressing existence of stupendous diversity among the entries. The cluster-III and IV have the greatest diversity among their genotypic groups consequently these genotypes can potentially be utilized in varietal development programmes. Highest inter-cluster distance was noted between cluster-IV and VII followed by cluster-VII and VIII, and cluster-VI and VII, indicating ample of diversity available among them, Therefore, the genotypes of these clusters can be used as parents for crossing in hybridization programme to obtain desirable and excellent segregants. Protein content was the greatest contributor towards genetic divergence followed by number of clusters per plant and number of pods per cluster, suggesting direct selection of these characters. Bangladesh J. Bot. 51(2): 223-228, 2022 (June)

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Bernardi, F., P. Arcieri, R. M. Bertina, F. Chiarotti, J. Corral, M. Pinotti, H. Prydz, et al. "Contribution of Factor VII Genotype to Activated FVII Levels." Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 17, no. 11 (November 1997): 2548–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.atv.17.11.2548.

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22

Silveira, Angela, Fiona Green, Fredrik Karpe, Margareta Blombäck, Steve Humphries, and Anders Hamsten. "Elevated Levels of Factor VII Activity in the Postprandial State: Effect of the Factor VII Arg-GIn Polymorphism." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 72, no. 05 (1994): 734–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1648950.

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SummaryA genetic polymorphism (Arg/Gln353) of coagulation factor VII was recently identified and shown to be associated with differences in basal factor VII coagulant activity. Postprandial lipaemia seems to exert an acute but evanescent effect on the activity of factor VII, and the influence of the Arg/Gln353 polymorphism on factor VII activation during postprandial lipaemia was therefore studied in male post-infarction patients [age 48.8 ± 3.3 years (mean ± SD)] with Arg/Arg (n = 23) and Arg/Gln (n = 8) genotypes. Factor VII antigen (VIlag) and activity along with plasma lipoproteins were determined before and after intake of a mixed meal-type of oral fat load. Patients with the Arg/Gln genotype had basal VIlag and activated factor VII (Vila) levels 75% and 48%, respectively, of those of patients homozygous for the Arg allele. In absolute terms, Vila increased more in homozygotes for the Arg allele (AO-6 h Vila 1.76 ± 1.48 ng/ml) than in heterozygotes (0.60 ± 0.27 ng/ml) in response to fat intake, but the percentage increase in Vila molecules did not differ significantly between subjects with Arg/Arg and Arg/Gln genotypes (37 ± 32% versus 27 ± 15%). This suggests that the influence of the Arg/Gln polymorphism on factor VII activity is mainly accounted for by differences in the basal factor VII protein level between genotypes. Since most of our lives are spent in the postprandial state, possession of the factor VII-Gln353 allele is likely to confer protection against coronary heart disease by reducing the amount of Vila produced in response to fat intake.

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Dudhatra, R. S., Y. A. Viradiya, K. B. Joshi, T. A. Desai, and G. K. Vaghela. "Genetic divergence analysis in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes." emergent Life Sciences Research 08, no. 01 (2022): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31783/elsr.2022.81114118.

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The Mahalanobis D2 statistic was utilized to quantify genetic dissimilarity among groundnut genotypes for thirteen features. Tocher's approach was used to divide genotypes into groups. In all, ten clusters were established from 40 genotypes. Cluster I has sixteen genotypes subsequently cluster II has eight, clusters IV and VI contain three, cluster III contains five, and clusters V, VII, VIII, IX, and X had a single genotype. This classification revealed a greater amount of variation among genotypes. Cluster II had a desirable rating for the number of pods per plant. The cluster IΧ had a desirable rating for the highest plant height, number of branches per plant, and kernel yield per plant. Cluster X had a desirable rating for the highest germination percentage, earliness flowering, the highest number of kernels per plant, and shelling percentage. Cluster III reported the greatest intra-cluster distance. Cluster IV and Cluster VII were established to possess the greatest inter-cluster distance.

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Qiao, Qilong, Mingzhen Song, Congcong Song, Yihang Zhang, Xiangdong Wang, Qing Huang, Baiyu Wang, et al. "Single-Dose Vaccination of Recombinant Chimeric Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) LaSota Vaccine Strain Expressing Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) VP2 Gene Provides Full Protection against Genotype VII NDV and IBDV Challenge." Vaccines 9, no. 12 (December 15, 2021): 1483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121483.

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Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) are the two most important and widespread viruses causing huge economic losses in the global poultry industry. Outbreaks of genotype VII NDV and IBDV variants in vaccinated poultry flocks call for genetically matched vaccines. In the present study, a genetic matched chimeric NDV LaSota vaccine strain expressing VP2 gene of IBDV variant, rLaS-VIIF/HN-VP2 was generated for the first time, in which both the F and HN genes of LaSota were replaced with those of the genotype VII NDV strain FJSW. The cleavage site of the FJSW strain F protein in the rLaS-VIIF/HN-VP2 genome was mutated to the avirulent motif found in LaSota. Expression of IBDV VP2 protein was confirmed by western blot. The rLaS-VIIF/HN-VP2 maintained the efficient replication ability in embryonated eggs, low pathogenicity and genetic stability comparable to that of parental LaSota virus. One dose oculonasal vaccination of one-week-old SPF chickens with rLaS-VIIF/HN-VP2 induced full protection against genotype VII NDV and IBDV lethal challenge. These results indicate that the rLaS-VIIF/HN-VP2 is a promising bivalent vaccine to prevent infections of IBDV and genotype VII NDV.

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Xue, Cong, Yanlong Cong, Renfu Yin, Yixue Sun, Chan Ding, Shengqing Yu, Xiufan Liu, et al. "Genetic diversity of the genotype VII Newcastle disease virus: identification of a novel VIIj sub-genotype." Virus Genes 53, no. 1 (December 2, 2016): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11262-016-1404-0.

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Lane, Anne, Fiona Green, Steve Humphries, Vera Ruddock, and Tom Meade. "Effect of Factor VII Genotype on Response to Warfarin Treatment." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 73, no. 02 (1995): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1653773.

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da Silva, Ana P., Emily J. Aston, Gaspar H. Chiwanga, Ashley Birakos, Amandus P. Muhairwa, Boniface B. Kayang, Terra Kelly, Huaijun Zhou, and Rodrigo A. Gallardo. "Molecular Characterization of Newcastle Disease Viruses Isolated from Chickens in Tanzania and Ghana." Viruses 12, no. 9 (August 20, 2020): 916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12090916.

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Newcastle disease (ND) is one of the most challenging infectious diseases affecting poultry production in Africa, causing major economic losses. To date, Newcastle disease virus isolates from several African countries have been grouped into class II NDV genotypes I, IV, V, VI, VII, XI, XIII, XIV, XVII, XVIII and XXI. Although ND is endemic in many African countries, information on circulating genotypes is still scarce. In Tanzania, outbreaks with genotypes V and XIII have been reported. In West and Central Africa, genotypes XIV, XVII, and XVIII are the most predominant. To investigate other genotypes circulating in Tanzania and Ghana, we performed molecular genotyping on isolates from Tanzania and Ghana using the MinION, a third-generation portable sequencing device from Oxford Nanopore Technologies. Using the MinION, we successfully sequenced the NDV F gene hypervariable region of 24 isolates from Tanzania and four samples from Ghana. In Tanzania, genotypes V, VII and XIII were detected. All isolates from Ghana belonged to genotype XVIII. The data obtained in this study reflect the genetic diversity of NDV in Africa and highlight the importance of surveillance for monitoring the distribution of NDV genotypes and viral evolution.

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Indriani, R., and NLPI Dharmayanti. "Pengembangan Vaksin Inaktif Tetelo Genotipe VII Isolat Lokal pada Kondisi Laboratorium. (DEVELOPMENT OF TETELO INACTIVATED VACCINE GENOTYPE VII LOCAL ISOLATE IN LABORATORY CONDITION)." Jurnal Veteriner 17, no. 3 (November 1, 2016): 322–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.19087/jveteriner.2016.17.3.322.

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29

Rima, IA, MA Mannan, MAA Mamun, and ZU Kamal. "Morpho-Physiological Traits of Soybean as Affected by Drought." Bangladesh Agronomy Journal 22, no. 2 (June 15, 2020): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/baj.v22i2.47619.

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An experiment was conducted to study the effects of water deficit stress on morphophysiological parameters in soybean plant in pots at the Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh during February to June, 2018. Seven soybean genotypes namely,i) G00081 ii) G00056 iii) Shohag iv) G00078 v) G00137 vi) G00035 and vii) G00060 were grown in two watering regimes viz. control (80% of the field capacity) and water deficit stress (50% of the field capacity). Morpho-physiological traits including plant height, number of leaf, relative water content, water saturation deficit, chlorophyll, proline, dry matter and yield were investigated. Results indicated that genotypic variability was found in water deficit stress tolerance in soybean. It was found that leaf of the genotype G00081 maintained higher water content, higher accumulation of prolineas well as less reduction of chlorophyll compared to other genotypes studied. Total dry matter accumulation and grain yield plant-1was also higher in this genotype. Genotype G00081 also showed relatively higher water deficit stress tolerance. On the contrary, G00035 was found to be susceptible showing lower yield. Higher water deficit stress tolerance in G00081 was attributed to higher relative leaf water and chlorophylls with accumulation of higher amount of proline. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2019, 22(2): 41-54

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Rohaim, Mohammed A., Mohammad Q. Al-Natour, Rania F. El Naggar, Mohammed A. Abdelsabour, Yahia M. Madbouly, Kawkab A. Ahmed, and Muhammad Munir. "Evolutionary Trajectories of Avian Avulaviruses and Vaccines Compatibilities in Poultry." Vaccines 10, no. 11 (November 3, 2022): 1862. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10111862.

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Newcastle disease virus (NDV) causes one of the highly infectious avian diseases in poultry leading to genuine financial misfortunes around the world. Recently, there has been an increasing trend in the number of ND-associated outbreaks in commercial Jordanian poultry flocks indicating a possible complex evolutionary dynamic of NDV infections in the country. To underpin the dynamics of circulating NDV strains and to assess the vaccine-escape potential, a total of 130 samples were collected from different poultry flocks in six Jordanian Governorates during 2019–2021. Twenty positive isolates, based on real-time reverse transcriptase PCR, were used for further genetic characterization and evolutionary analysis. Our results showed that there is a high evolutionary distance between the newly identified NDV strains (genotype VII.1.1) in this study and the commercially used vaccines (genotypes I and II), suggesting that circulating NDV field strains are under constant evolutionary pressure. These mutations may significantly affect flocks that have received vaccinations as well as flocks with insufficient immunity in terms of viral immunity and disease dynamics. To assess this further, we investigated the efficacy of the heterologous inactivated LaSota or homologous genotype VII.1.1 vaccine for their protection against virulent NDV in chicken. Vaccine-induced immunity was evaluated based on the serology, and protection efficacy was assessed based on clinical signs, survival rates, histopathology, and viral shedding. Chickens vaccinated with the inactivated genotype VII.1.1 based vaccine showed 100% protection with a significant reduction in virus shedding, and ameliorated histopathology lesions compared to LaSota vaccinated chicks that showed 60% protection. These results revealed that the usage of NDV inactivated vaccine from the circulating field strains can successfully ameliorate the clinical outcome and virus pathobiology in vaccinated chicks and will serve as an effective vaccine against the threat posed by commonly circulating NDV strains in the poultry industry.

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Zaman, MA, and MA Islam. "Genetic Diversity In Exotic Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 38, no. 2 (July 28, 2013): 335–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i2.15894.

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An experiment in alpha lattice design with three replication including 39 exotic maize hybrids was conducted at the Research farm of Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Ishuardi, Pabna during Rabi season 2010-11 for analysis the genetic divergence in exotic maize hybrids. The genotypes were grouped in to seven clusters. Cluster VI comprised the maximum genotypes (13) indicating overall genetic similarity among them. The minimum genotype (1) was contained in the cluster III and V. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster V and III followed by cluster I and III and cluster III and VII suggesting wide diversity between them and the genotypes in these cluster could be used in hybridization program for obtaining a wide spectrum of variation among the segregates. The highest intra-cluster distance was observed in cluster VII and the cluster III and V were contained only one genotype and hence, their intra cluster distance was zero. The mean values of cluster IV recorded the highest yield per hectare (11.60 ton/ha) with medium plant height, days to maturity, days to 50% tasseling, silking and shelling percentage. Selection on the basis of plant aspect and ear aspect the genotypes of cluster III ranked first but plant height was high with medium seed size, medium yield, medium shelling percentage and also in late in case of maturity. The mean values of cluster V shown overall medium in case of yield and all yield contributing characters. Qualitative characters contribute maximum towards genetic divergence. Therefore, the genotypes from cluster III, V and VI could be utilized as source materials for getting desirable new recombinants with early maturity and higher yield. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(2): 335-341, June 2013 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i2.15894

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Bello, Muhammad Bashir, Siti Nor Azizah Mahamud, Khatijah Yusoff, Aini Ideris, Mohd Hair-Bejo, Ben P. H. Peeters, and Abdul Rahman Omar. "Development of an Effective and Stable Genotype-Matched Live Attenuated Newcastle Disease Virus Vaccine Based on a Novel Naturally Recombinant Malaysian Isolate Using Reverse Genetics." Vaccines 8, no. 2 (June 2, 2020): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8020270.

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Genotype VII Newcastle disease viruses are associated with huge economic losses in the global poultry industry. Despite the intensive applications of vaccines, disease outbreaks caused by those viruses continue to occur frequently even among the vaccinated poultry farms. An important factor in the suboptimal protective efficacy of the current vaccines is the genetic mismatch between the prevalent strains and the vaccine strains. Therefore, in the present study, an effective and stable genotype-matched live attenuated Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine was developed using reverse genetics, based on a recently isolated virulent naturally recombinant NDV IBS025/13 Malaysian strain. First of all, the sequence encoding the fusion protein (F) cleavage site of the virus was modified in silico from virulent polybasic (RRQKRF) to avirulent monobasic (GRQGRL) motif. The entire modified sequence was then chemically synthesized and inserted into pOLTV5 transcription vector for virus rescue. A recombinant virus termed mIBS025 was successfully recovered and shown to be highly attenuated based on OIE recommended pathogenicity assessment indices. Furthermore, the virus was shown to remain stably attenuated and retain the avirulent monobasic F cleavage site after 15 consecutive passages in specific-pathogen-free embryonated eggs and 12 passages in one-day-old chicks. More so, the recombinant virus induced a significantly higher hemagglutination inhibition antibody titre than LaSota although both vaccines fully protected chicken against genotype VII NDV induced mortality and morbidity. Finally, mIBS025 was shown to significantly reduce both the duration and quantity of cloacal and oropharyngeal shedding of the challenged genotype VII virus compared to the LaSota vaccine. These findings collectively indicate that mIBS025 provides a better protective efficacy than LaSota and therefore can be used as a promising vaccine candidate against genotype VII NDV strains.

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Said, Ahmed, and Hesham Sultan. "Newcastle Disease Virus Vaccines Based On Genotype VII Strains Provide Efficient Protection Against Challenge With Circulating Very Virulent Field Virus (Genotype VII) In Broiler Chickens." Journal of Current Veterinary Research 1, no. 2 (November 1, 2019): 19–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jcvr.2019.57003.

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34

Śmietanka, Krzysztof, Jolanta Tyborowska, Monika Olszewska-Tomczyk, Katarzyna Domańska-Blicharz, Zenon Minta, Lukasz Rabalski, Anna Czarnota, Krzysztof Kucharczyk, and Boguslaw Szewczyk. "A Recombinant Turkey Herpesvirus Expressing F and HN Genes of Avian Avulavirus-1 (AAvV-1) Genotype VI Confers Cross-Protection against Challenge with Virulent AAvV-1 Genotypes IV and VII in Chickens." Viruses 11, no. 9 (August 25, 2019): 784. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11090784.

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Newcastle disease (ND) is responsible for significant economic losses in the poultry industry. The disease is caused by virulent strains of Avian avulavirus 1 (AAvV-1), a species within the family Paramyxoviridae. We developed a recombinant construct based on the herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT) as a vector expressing two genes: F and HN (HVT-NDV-F-HN) derived from the AAvV-1 genotype VI (“pigeon variant” of AAvV-1). This recombinant viral vaccine candidate was used to subcutaneously immunize one group of specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens and two groups of broiler chickens (20 one-day-old birds/group). Humoral immune response was evaluated by hemagglutination-inhibition test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The efficacy of the immunization was assessed in two separate challenge studies performed at 6 weeks of age with the use of virulent AAvV-1 strains representing heterologous genotypes IV and VII. The developed vaccine candidate elicited complete protection in SPF chickens since none of the birds became sick or died during the 2-week observation period. In the broiler groups, 90% and 100% clinical protection were achieved after challenges with AAvV-1 of IV and VII genotypes, respectively. We found no obvious relationship between antibody levels and protection assessed in broilers in the challenge study. The developed recombinant HVT-NDV-F-HN construct containing genes from a genotype VI AAvV-1 offers promising results as a potential vaccine candidate against ND in chickens.

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Doggen, C. J. M., Manger Cats, R. M. Bertina, J. P. Vandenbroucke, P. H. Reitsma, and F. R. Rosendaal. "A Genetic Propensity to High Factor VII Is not Associated with the Risk of Myocardial Infarction in Men." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 80, no. 08 (1998): 281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1615188.

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SummarySeveral studies have examined the relation between factor VII and coronary artery disease by measuring factor VII levels in plasma and some found an association between high levels and disease. This suffers problems of interpretation concerning the causality of high factor VII levels, because factor VII levels may be affected by atherogenic risk factors and may become elevated as a consequence of atherosclerosis. We investigated the association between a genetic variant (353Arg→Gln), shown to be related to factor VII levels, and myocardial infarction in a large case-control study, including 560 cases and 644 controls. Individuals carrying the 353Arg-Arg genotype seemed to have a lower risk of myocardial infarction (odds ratio 0.80 [95% confidence interval 0.60-1.06]). In this study, we confirmed higher factor VII antigen and activity level in 529 men homozygous for the 353Arg allele compared with 115 men carriers of the 353Gln allele (around 20% higher).Our results indicate that a genetic propensity to high factor VII levels is not associated with the risk of myocardial infarction. Since we confirmed the association of the 353Arg-Arg genotype with higher factor VII levels, we conclude that high levels of factor VII are not a causal determinant of myocardial infarction.

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Qin, Zhuoming, Lei Sun, Baochen Ma, Zhizhong Cui, Yiping Zhu, Yoshihiro Kitamura, and Wenjun Liu. "F gene recombination between genotype II and VII Newcastle disease virus." Virus Research 131, no. 2 (February 2008): 299–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2007.10.001.

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37

Millar, D., G. Kemball-Cook, J. McVey, E. Tuddenham, A. Mumford, G. Attock, J. Reverter, et al. "Molecular analysis of the genotype-phenotype relationship in factor VII deficiency." Human Genetics 107, no. 4 (October 27, 2000): 327–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390000373.

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Sun, Yuzhang, Mingjun Sun, Yonglian Dai, Renfu Yin, and Zhuang Ding. "An improved reverse genetics system for Newcastle disease virus genotype VII." Virologica Sinica 31, no. 6 (December 2016): 521–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12250-016-3869-3.

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39

Putri, Dwi, Okti Poetri, Agung Candra, and Retno Soejoedono. "Production of hyperimmune serum against genotype VII Newcastle disease virus in rabbits with several applications." Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research 9, no. 2 (2022): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/javar.2022.i586.

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Objective: This study aimed to produce hyperimmune serum against genotype VII Newcastle disease virus (NDV) with several applications. Materials and Methods: Production of hyperimmune serum against genotype VII NDV was performed on eight New Zealand white rabbits divided into four groups. Rabbits were immunized three times on the 1st day, the 14th day, and the 30th day. Blood sampling was carried out on the 8th day after the third immunization. Results: All groups showed the same pattern of hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titer results. HI titers would peak on the 5th or the 9th day after the second immunization, then decrease until the 3rd day after the third immunization, and increase again on the 5th day after the third immu¬nization. Rabbits immunized intravenously showed higher HI titers than the other groups. These results indicate that the intravenous route for hyperimmune serum production against genotype VII Newcastle disease virus greatly affects the immune response result. Conclusions: The production of hyperimmune serum by intravenous immunization three times was able to produce the highest titer of 210 at 38 days. The agar gel precipitation test and the Western blot assay showed that the hyperimmune serum was specific for the Newcastle disease antigen.

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40

Majumder, DAN, L. Hassan, MA Rahim, and MA Kabir. "Genetic Diversity In Mango (Mangifera Indica L.) Through Multivariate Analysis." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 38, no. 2 (July 28, 2013): 343–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i2.15895.

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The genetic divergence was assessed in 60 mango genotypes through D2- statistics and principal component analysis. The genotypes under study were grouped into eight clusters and the diversity was influenced by the morphological characters, not by the geographical distribution of the genotypes. The clustering pattern revealed that the genotypes collected from the same region did not fall in the single cluster. The maximum inter cluster distance was noticed between cluster II and cluster VIII, and the lowest between clusters VII and cluster VIII. From the cluster means, cluster I was high yielding and ranked first in terms of number of secondary branches per inflorescence, percent fruit set per inflorescence, and yield per plant. Cluster VIII had only one genotype which produced the highest percentage of flowering shoots, % perfect flowers, number of fruits per plant, and %TSS. The genotypes of cluster VII produced the biggest sized fruits. The first nine characters of the principal component axes with eigen values above unity accounted for 88.3% of the total variation among the fifteen characters. Weight of harvested fruits per plant (0.990 and 0.181), number of fruits per plant (0.101 and 0.607) and individual fruit weight (0.027 and 0.107) for both the vectors were positive across two axes indicating the important components of genetic divergence. The genotypes belonging to clusters I, VII and VIII with high to moderate genetic distances might be recommended for use in crossing programs to produce new recombinants with desired traits. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(2): 343-353, June 2013 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i2.15895

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Allahyari, E., M. Allymehr, A. Molouki, M. H. Fallah Mehrabadi, and A. Talebi. "Molecular characterisation and phylogenetic study of the fusion gene of Newcastle disease viruses isolated from broiler farms of Iran in 2018-2019." BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE 25, no. 1 (2022): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/bjvm.2020-0041.

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Avian orthoavulavirus, commonly known as Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has been a constant threat for the poultry industry of Iran for decades. Recently, a couple of preliminary studies on backyard and commercial chicken suggested that a major subgenotype circulating in Iran may be VII(L) subgenotype, which is now known as VII.1.1 according to the new classification system. The unique subgenotype was not reported from other parts of the world and was slightly (≥3%) different from the closest group that was VIId. The study was conducted between July 2018 and March 2019 to determine the exact NDV genotypes/subgenotypes circulating in Iranian broiler poultry farms; five-hundred and forty chickens were sampled from thirty-six broiler farms located in eighteen provinces of Iran. As other genotypes/subgenotypes such as XIII and VI.2 are circulating in neighbouring countries, border provinces were also sampled. The F gene of the NDV isolates was sequenced and phylogenetic analysis was conducted. All the isolates clustered under the VII.1.1 group. The evolutionary analysis also revealed that the distances were between 0.0 and 0.7% meaning that the Iranian NDV circulating in broiler farms were not only of VII.1.1 sub-genotype, but also genetically very identical, indicating that the routine control measures for ND in Iran were not able to prevent the circulating NDVs. Although stricter biosecurity measures have been really effective in developed countries, surveillance of NDV to determine the circulating genotypes might also help us to implement better vaccination strategies in the future.

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Eid, Amal A. M., Ashraf Hussein, Ola Hassanin, Reham M. Elbakrey, Rebecca Daines, Jean-Remy Sadeyen, Hanan M. F. Abdien, Klaudia Chrzastek, and Munir Iqbal. "Newcastle Disease Genotype VII Prevalence in Poultry and Wild Birds in Egypt." Viruses 14, no. 10 (October 13, 2022): 2244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14102244.

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Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) genotype VII is a highly pathogenic Orthoavulavirus that has caused multiple outbreaks among poultry in Egypt since 2011. This study aimed to observe the prevalence and genetic diversity of NDV prevailing in domestic and wild birds in Egyptian governorates. A total of 37 oropharyngeal swabs from wild birds and 101 swabs from domestic bird flocks including chickens, ducks, turkeys, and pelicans, were collected from different geographic regions within 13 governorates during 2019–2020. Virus isolation and propagation via embryonated eggs revealed 91 swab samples produced allantoic fluid containing haemagglutination activity, suggestive of virus presence. The use of RT-PCR targeted to the F gene successfully detected NDV in 85 samples. The geographical prevalence of NDV was isolated in 12 governorates in domestic birds, migratory, and non-migratory wild birds. Following whole genome sequencing, we assembled six NDV genome sequences (70–99% of genome coverage), including five full F gene sequences. All NDV strains carried high virulence, with phylogenetic analysis revealing that the strains belonged to class II within genotype VII.1.1. The genetically similar yet geographically distinct virulent NDV isolates in poultry and a wild bird may allude to an external role contributing to the dissemination of NDV in poultry populations across Egypt. One such contribution may be the migratory behaviour of wild birds; however further investigation must be implemented to support the findings of this study. Additionally, continued genomic surveillance in both wild birds and poultry would be necessary for monitoring NDV dissemination and genetic diversification across Egypt, with the aim of controlling the disease and protecting poultry production.

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Naik, M. Vinod Kumar, M. Arumugam Pillai, and S. Saravanan. "Genetic Diversity Analysis for Yield Associated and Quality Traits in Promising Rice Varieties of Tamil Nadu." International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management 12, no. 5 (August 31, 2021): 361–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.23910/1.2021.2300.

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An experiment was conducted with 55 rice varieties to assess the genetic diversity by using Mahalanobis D2 Statistical and characterization of genotypes using principal component analysis. All genotypes exhibited a wide and significant variation for 19 traits, by cluster analysis grouped into ten clusters. The maximum genotypes were included in Cluster 6 (16) followed by cluster 4 (10), cluster 3 (8), cluster 2 (7), cluster 5 (5), cluster 8 (4), cluster 1 (2), with 29.09, 18.18, 14.54, 12.72, 9.09, 7.27 and 3.63 proportion respectively, the rest of three clusters had one genotype each. Maximum cluster distance obtained between cluster×constituted by single entry (Pusa Basmati) showed highest inter cluster distance from cluster V (20727.37), VII (18414.79), I (17228.89) and cluster III (17010.24) are having very high inter cluster distance and also by cluster IX from cluster VIII (8852.36), VI (7559.67), I (7444.68) and cluster VII (6666.83) followed by cluster VI from cluster V (6225.95). The lowest inter cluster distance was observed between cluster II and cluster IV III and VI followed by between cluster I and cluster VIII, XI, II, VI and cluster IV. The intra cluster D2 values ranged from Zero (Cluster VII, IX, X) to 2233.91 (Cluster VIII). Contribution of amylose content was highest towards genetic divergence (23.43%) by taking 348 times ranked first followed by days to 50% flowering (23.37%) by 347 times, single plant yield (23.3%) by 346 times. The PCA analysis showed that first eight principal components accounted for about 85.4%.

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Lee, A. J., F. G. R. Fowkes, G. D. O. Lowe, J. M. Connor, and A. Rumley. "Fibrinogen, Factor VII and PAI-1 Genotypes and the Risk of Coronary and Peripheral Atherosclerosis: Edinburgh Artery Study." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 81, no. 04 (1999): 553–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1614523.

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SummaryThere are now many epidemiological studies that have shown a relationship between haemostatic factors and subsequent risk of both coronary and peripheral arterial disease. However, there is less information on the association between genetic variation in these factors and the risks of coronary and peripheral arterial disease. As part of the five-year follow-up of the Edinburgh Artery Study, polymorphisms of the fibrinogen (-455G/A), factor VII (R/Q353) and PAI-1 (HindIII) genes were measured in men and women aged 60-79 years, together with their plasma levels. Using widely accepted criteria, 88 subjects were identified as having peripheral arterial disease (PAD), 195 having coronary artery disease (CAD) and 423 subjects comprised a “healthy” group. The -455AA genotype of the fibrinogen gene was found to be more frequent among those subjects with PAD. This genotype also showed the highest plasma fibrinogen levels in both disease groups and in the healthy group. Using logistic regression, after adjustment for age, sex, smoking and plasma level, the -455AA genotype was associated with over twice the risk of PAD compared with the -455GG genotype, the odds ratio reaching marginal significance (p″0.10). Combining those with genotype -455AA with the heterozygotes in order to increase the power of the study resulted in a more significant multiple-adjusted risk of PAD (p″0.05). These data provide evidence that a polymorphism of the β fibrinogen gene is associated with an increased risk of peripheral atherosclerosis.

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NLP, Indi Dharmayanti, Hartawan Risza, Ayu Hewajuli Dyah, and Indriani Risa. "Phylogenetic analysis of genotype VII of new castle disease virus in Indonesia." African Journal of Microbiology Research 8, no. 13 (March 26, 2014): 1368–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajmr2014.6601.

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46

Roohani, Kiarash, Sheau Wei Tan, Swee Keong Yeap, Aini Ideris, Mohd Hair Bejo, and Abdul Rahman Omar. "Characterisation of genotype VII Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolated from NDV vaccinated chickens, and the efficacy of LaSota and recombinant genotype VII vaccines against challenge with velogenic NDV." Journal of Veterinary Science 16, no. 4 (2015): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2015.16.4.447.

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47

Liu, Y., C. K. Heng, N. Saha, S. Hong, and P. S. Low. "Genotype associations of factor VII gene with plasma factor VII coagulant activity and antigen levels in healthy Chinese." Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis 13, no. 3 (April 2002): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001721-200204000-00007.

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48

Sameh Abdel-Moez, Amer, Ali Mohamed Ahmed, Ahmed Mohamed Kandeil, and Mohamed Abdel-Aziz Kutkat. "Advancement in Vaccination of Broiler Chickens with Genotype-Matched Vaccines to Currently Epidemic Newcastle Disease Virus Genotype VII in Egypt." Journal of World's Poultry Research 9, no. 3 (September 25, 2019): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.36380/jwpr.2019.14.

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49

Hossain, S., M. Salim, M. S. Akter, S. Afroz, and M. S. Noman. "Genetic Diversity of Drought Tolerant Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes." Agriculturists 13, no. 2 (January 30, 2016): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v13i2.26603.

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Genetic divergence of thirty three drought tolerant rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes were studied through Mohalanobiss D2 and principal component analysis for twelve characters. The genotypes were grouped into seven clusters. The cluster I and II were comprised of the maximum number of genotypes (eight) in each followed by cluster V containing five genotypes. The highest inter-cluster distance was in between cluster III and I (368.64) indicating a wide genetic diversity between these two clusters followed by clusters VII and III (346.04). The lowest inter-cluster distance was in between cluster IV and II (42.46) followed by cluster VI and IV (63.29) indicating that the genotypes of these clusters were genetically close. The intra cluster distance in the entire seven clusters was less, which indicate that the genotypes within the same clusters were closely related. Considering the magnitude of genetic distance, contribution of different characters towards the total divergence and magnitude of cluster means for different characters performance, BR 7391-2B-7, BR 7392-2B-25, BR 6855-2B-11-3-4, BR 6855-2B-11-3-5 from cluster I, genotypes BR 6976-2B-15, and Morichbati from cluster III, genotypes BR 7187-2B-2-5 from cluster IV, genotype BR 7187-2B-2-3 and BR 7181-2B-35-2 from cluster V and genotypes BR 6855-2B-11-3-7 and BRRI dhan 42 from the cluster VII are likely to perform better if used in hybridization program.The Agriculturists 2015; 13(2) 133-139

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Putri, Naimah, Rahaju Ernawati, Jola Rahmahani, Suwarno Suwarno, and Fedik Abdul Rantam. "Phylogenetic relationship and genotype variation of six Newcastle disease viruses isolated from duck in Indonesia." January-2021 14, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 276–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2021.276-284.

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Background and Aim: Newcastle disease viruses (NDVs) are frequently acquired from all ages and types of bird species. In general, ducks are considered as potential reservoirs for different genotypes of NDV and are resistant even to velogenic NDV strains. This research was conducted to genotypically and phylogenetically characterize NDV isolates collected from unvaccinated ducks from Indonesia. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 samples were collected through cloacal swabs and were inoculated in the allantoic sacs of 8-day-old specific pathogen-free eggs. Hemagglutination (HA) activity was analyzed through a HA test, and isolated viruses were characterized by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction targeting the complete fusion (F)-gene of NDV using three primer sets. One primer set was specific for the F protein cleavage site sequences of velogenic, mesogenic, and lentogenic NDV strains. Results: The results demonstrated that three isolates (NDV/Duck/B104/19, NDV/Duck/B125/19, and NDV/Duck/ BK43/19) belonged to genotype VII and one (NDV/Duck/TD19/19) to genotype VI. Other isolates (NDV/Duck/A74/19 and NDV/Duck/M147/19) belonged to genotype II Class II. Based on the F protein cleavage site and the pathogenicity tests, two isolates (NDV/Duck/B104/19 and NDV/Duck/B125/19) were categorized as velogenic viruses and four (NDV/Duck/ BK43/19, NDV/Duck/TD19/19, NDV/Duck/A74/19, and NDV/Duck/M147/19) as lentogenic viruses. Conclusion: The results indicate that NDVs from unvaccinated ducks from Indonesia carry various genotypes and pathotypes of NDVs; therefore, these viruses are still circulating in the environment and might pose a risk of Newcastle disease outbreak.

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