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Статті в журналах з теми "Genetic biocontrol"
Hermosa, M. Rosa, Emma Keck, Isabel Chamorro, Belén Rubio, Luis Sanz, Juan A. Vizcaíno, Isabel Grondona, and Enrique Monte. "Genetic diversity shown in Trichoderma biocontrol isolates." Mycological Research 108, no. 8 (August 2004): 897–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0953756204000358.
Повний текст джерелаKapuscinski, Anne R., and Leah M. Sharpe. "Introduction: genetic biocontrol of invasive fish species." Biological Invasions 16, no. 6 (April 3, 2014): 1197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-014-0681-6.
Повний текст джерелаGilna, Ben, Jennifer Kuzma, and Stephanie Showalter Otts. "Governance of genetic biocontrol technologies for invasive fish." Biological Invasions 16, no. 6 (February 1, 2013): 1299–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-012-0367-x.
Повний текст джерелаMukherjee, Prasun K., and Charles M. Kenerley. "Regulation of Morphogenesis and Biocontrol Properties in Trichoderma virens by a VELVET Protein, Vel1." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76, no. 7 (February 12, 2010): 2345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02391-09.
Повний текст джерелаDu, Yanru, Yuxian Xia, and Kai Jin. "Enhancing the Biocontrol Potential of the Entomopathogenic Fungus in Multiple Respects via the Overexpression of a Transcription Factor Gene MaSom1." Journal of Fungi 8, no. 2 (January 21, 2022): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8020105.
Повний текст джерелаSmith, Kevin P., Jo Handelsman, and Robert M. Goodman. "Modeling Dose-Response Relationships in Biological Control: Partitioning Host Responses to the Pathogen and Biocontrol Agent." Phytopathology® 87, no. 7 (July 1997): 720–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.1997.87.7.720.
Повний текст джерелаAfordoanyi, Daniel Mawuena, Roderic Gilles Claret Diabankana, Aynur Kamilevich Miftakhov, Evgenii Sergeyevich Kuchaev, and Shamil Zavdatovich Validov. "Genomic Features of Pseudomonas putida PCL1760: A Biocontrol Agent Acting via Competition for Nutrient and Niche." Applied Microbiology 2, no. 4 (October 2, 2022): 749–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/applmicrobiol2040057.
Повний текст джерелаOtts, Stephanie Showalter. "U.S. regulatory framework for genetic biocontrol of invasive fish." Biological Invasions 16, no. 6 (September 5, 2012): 1289–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-012-0327-5.
Повний текст джерелаSweany, Rebecca, Brian Mack, Geromy Moore, Matthew Gilbert, Jeffrey Cary, Matthew Lebar, Kanniah Rajasekaran, and Kenneth Damann. "Genetic Responses and Aflatoxin Inhibition during Co-Culture of Aflatoxigenic and Non-Aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus." Toxins 13, no. 11 (November 11, 2021): 794. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13110794.
Повний текст джерелаLéger, Geneviève, Amy Novinscak, Adrien Biessy, Simon Lamarre, and Martin Filion. "In Tuber Biocontrol of Potato Late Blight by a Collection of Phenazine-1-Carboxylic Acid-Producing Pseudomonas spp." Microorganisms 9, no. 12 (December 7, 2021): 2525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9122525.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Genetic biocontrol"
Ekwudu, O'mezie. "Diversity of arthropod-borne viruses and implications for Wolbachia-based biocontrol." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/127159/1/O%27mezie_Ekwudu_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаRoss, Ian Lindsay. "Mechanisms of biocontrol of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici by Pseudomonas corrugata strain 2140 : genetic and biochemical aspects." Title page, table of contents and summary only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phr824.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаPande, Sonal. "Morphological and genetic characterization of the Malaysian isolates of 'Paecilomyces lilacinus' with biocontrol activity against root-knot nematodes." Thesis, University of Reading, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.430917.
Повний текст джерелаCarstens, Maryke 1976. "The Saccharomyces cerevisiae chitinase, encoded by the CTS1-2 gene, as an antifungal and biocontrol agent." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53169.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: Fungi are an extremely diverse group of organisms and, by acting as pathogens, they can colonise various other organisms, including humans, plants and animals. The effect of this is usually detrimental, not only to agricultural crops and livestock, but also to human well-being. The extensive farming of crops and livestock requires persistent control of fungal populations, commonly through the use of chemical fungicides. However, the exclusive use of fungicides is no longer a sustainable practice, as a result of serious problems, such as increasing fungicide resistance in pathogen strains, the high costs of fungicides, as well as concern about the environment. The search by producers and scientists for alternative control measures is an ongoing process. The fungal cell wall consists of polysaccharides that not only playa role in protection of the fungi, but also in relaying signals for the invasion and infection of susceptible hosts. Chitin, a polysaccharide composed of N-acteylglucosamine (GleNAc) residues linked by P-1,4 glucosidic linkages, is one of the major components of the fungal cell wall, where it plays an important role in the apical growth of the vegetative hyphae. Chitinases (EC 3.2.1.14) are abundant proteins produced by a variety of microorganisms and plants and are necessary for the hydrolysis of the chitin polymer. During the invasion of many plant species by a pathogen, the production of a specific group of proteins, designated pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins that include chitinases, is induced as part of their defence response. Due to the facts that pathogenic fungi contain chitin in their cell walls and that plant chitinases are induced upon pathogen attack, chitinases have been confirmed as an integral and crucial part of the plant's natural defence response. Chitinases have increasingly been targeted to upregulate plants' endogenous disease resistance mechanisms through transgenic overexpression in a variety of hosts. Several species of fungi, including various Trichoderma spp., are potent biocontrol agents of plant pathogenic fungi and insects. The antagonistic activities of these biological control agents towards phytopathogens are based on the secretion of extracellular hydrolytic enzymes, such as cell wall-degrading chitinase enzymes. However, biological control is not restricted to naturally occurring biocontrol agents. Through the process of genetic transformation, other fungal or yeast species can be enhanced to produce their own chitinases or other antimicrobial substances more effectively in order to yield potent biocontrol agents. Various types of chitinases have been applied in the production of fungal resistant plants and some research has been done on the application of chitinases, from a variety of microorganisms, as biological control agents. In contrast, very little is known about the antifungal activity of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae chitinase enzyme, encoded by the CTS1-2 gene. The CTS1-2 gene was utilised in this study as a candidate for overexpression in both yeast and plant expression systems to analyse the ability of the encoding chitinase to inhibit fungal growth. The first objective of this study involved the high level expression and optimisation of the secretion of the CTS1-2 gene in S. cerevisiae to render recombinant yeast with enhanced antifungal abilities and with possible applications as a biocontrol agent to control plant pathogenic fungi. It was hypothesised that high-level expression and efficient secretion would be prerequisites in a biocontrol yeast strain. To this end, two strong promoters and terminators were included in the study and the secretion of the chitinase gene was evaluated by testing three different secretion signals. The secretion signals included: the native CTS1-2 secretion signal, the S. cerevisiae mating pheromone a-factor (MFa1) secretion signal, as well as the Trichoderma reesei f3-xylanase 2 (XYN2) secretion signal. The phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) and alcohol dehydrogenase 2 (ADH2) promoters and terminators were employed to achieve high-level expression. The results obtained from the analysis of the recombinant yeasts showed that the PGK1 promoter-terminator constructs yielded high level CTS1-2-expressing and chitinase-producing strains of S. cerevisiae PRY488. The ability of the different secretion signals to efficiently secrete the overexpressed chitinase was analysed and it was found that the non-native secretion signals delivered significantly more protein to the extracellular environment. It was thus evident that the performance of the MFa1 and XYN2 secretion signals was superior to that of the native secretion signal. The antifungal activities of the recombinant chitinases produced by these constructs were tested in in vitro assays against Botrytis cinerea. The enzymes led to a significant reduction in hyphal development, caused by extreme structural damage to the hyphal tips, the hyphal cell walls as well as the ability of the fungus to form reproductive and survival structures, thereby confirming the antifungal abilities of this enzyme. The ADH2 promoter-terminator constructs yielded CTS1-2 transcripts, but no chitinase activity could be detected with any of these strains. The reasons for this still remain unclear. The second objective of this study was to assess the potential of the yeast chitinase gene to upregulate defence against fungal infection in planta. In order to elucidate this, the CTS1-2 gene was constitutively overexpressed in tobacco plants, targeting the chitinase both to the intra- and the extracellular environment. The results obtained showed that the transgenic tobacco lines regenerated in this study stably integrated the transgene, exhibiting transgene expression as well as the production of a biologically active yeast chitinase enzyme. The F, progeny were rigorously tested for resistance to B. cinerea, and both in vitro and in planta assays confirmed that the yeast chitinase increased the plant's tolerance to fungal infection; some of the lines showed disease resistance of 65 and 70%. The plants expressing an extracellularly targeted chitinase gene are still under evaluation. Interesting results are expected relating to the effect of the chitinase on the plant surface with regards to disease resistance to fungal pathogens. In conclusion, the combined set of results from both the yeast and plant overexpression studies has confirmed the strong antifungal effect of yeast chitinases. The yeast CTS1-2 chitinase could be instrumental in the development of a new generation of yeast strains with improved antifungal capabilities. This enzyme could also play an important role in genetic transformation technologies aimed at enhanced disease resistance.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Swamme omsluit 'n uiterste diverse groep organismes wat mense, plante en diere deur patogeniese aksie kan koloniseer. Die uitkoms hiervan op landbougewasse, die veebedryf en menslike gesondheid is gewoonlik skadelik. Uitgebreide gewas- en veeboerderye benodig voortdurende beheer van fungiese populasies, tipies deur van chemiese swamdoders gebruik te maak. Die uitsluitlike gebruik van swamdoders is egter nie meer 'n lewensvatbare praktyk nie, hoofsaaklik as gevolg van probleme soos die opbou van weerstand van patogeniese rasse teen swamdoders, die hoë kostes van die middels, asook besorgheid oor die omgewing. Die soektog na alternatiewe beheermaatreëls deur produsente en wetenskaplikes bly 'n aaneenlopende proses. Die swamselwand bestaan uit polisakkariede wat nie net In rol in die beskerming van die swam speel nie, maar ook betrokke is in die oordrag van aanvals- en infeksieverwante seine in 'n vatbare gasheer. Chitien, 'n polisakkaried bestaande uit N-asetielglukosamien (GlcNAc) residu's gekoppel deur 13-1,4glukosidiese bindings, is een van die hoofkomponente van die swamselwand, waar dit 'n belangrike rol in die apikale groei van vegetatiewe hifes speel. Chitinases (EC 3.2.1.14) is proteïene wat oorvloedig deur 'n verskeidenheid van mikroërganismes en plante geproduseer word, waar hulle vir die hidrolise van die chitien polimeer noodsaaklik is. Tydens die infeksie van verskeie plantspesies deur In patogeen, word die produksie van 'n spesifieke groep proteïene, die sogenaamde patogeen-verwante (PR) proteïene wat chitinases insluit, as deel van die plant se verdedigingsreaksie geïnduseer. Die feit dat patogeniese swamselwande chitien bevat en dat plantchitinases tydens infeksie geïnduseer word, het daartoe gelei dat dit bevestig is dat chitinases In integrale en kritiese deel van die plant se natuurlike verdedigingsreaksie uitmaak. Chitinases word toenemend geteiken in pogings om die plant se intrinsieke siekteweerstandsmeganismes te verbeter deur transgeniese ooruitdrukking daarvan in 'n verskeidenheid van gashere. Verskeie swamspesies, insluitend verskillende Trichodenna-spesies, is kragtige bio-antagoniste van plantpatogeniese swamme. Die antagonistiese aksies van hierdie biologiese beheeragente teenoor fitopatogene is gebaseer op die uitskeiding van ekstrasellulêre hidrolitiese ensieme, soos die selwandverterende chitinase ensieme. Nietemin is biologiese beheer nie net tot bio-antagoniste wat natuurlik voorkom beperk nie. Deur die proses van genetiese transformasie kan ander swam- of gisspesies verbeter word om hul eie chitinases of ander antimikrobiese substanse meer effektief te produseer, wat aanleiding sal gee tot kragtige bio-antagoniste. Verskeie tipes chitinases is al in die produksie van swambestande plante ingespan en uitgebreide navorsing is gedoen op die toepassing van 'n reeks chitinases, afkomstig van 'n verskeidenheid van mikroërganismes, as biologiese beheeragente. In teenstelling is baie min bekend oor die antifungiese aktiwiteite van die Saccharomyces cerevisiae chitinase ensiem, wat deur die CTS1-2 geen ge-enkodeer word. Die CTS1-2-geen is in hierdie studie gebruik vir ooruitdrukking in beide gis- en plantuitdrukkingsisteme om die chitinase se vermoë om swamgroei te inhibeer, te ondersoek. Die eerste oorkoepelende oogmerk van hierdie studie het hoë-vlak uitdrukking en optimalisering van sekresie van die CTS1-2-geen in S. cerevisiae behels, met die toekomstige doelwit om 'n rekombinante gis met verbeterde antifungiese eienskappe en met moontlike toepassings as 'n bio-antagonis teen plantpatogeniese swamme te ontwikkel. Die hipotese was dat hoë-vlak uitdrukking en voldoende sekresie voorvereistes vir 'n bio-antagonisras is. Omdié rede is twee sterk promotors en termineerders by hierdie studie ingesluit en is die sekresie van die chitinase-geen geëvalueer deur drie verskillende sekresieseine te toets. Die sekresieseine sluit in: die wilde-tipe CTS1-2 sekresiesein, die S. cerevisiae paringsferomoon a-faktor (MFa1) sekresiesein, en die Trichoderma reesei p-xilanase (XYN2) sekresiesein. Die fosfogliseraat kinase 1 (PGK1) en alkohol dehidrogenase 2 (ADH2) promotors en termineerders is gebruik om hoë-vlak uitdrukking te dryf. Die resultate wat vanaf die analises van die rekombinante giste verkry is, het getoon dat die PGK1 promotor-termineerder konstrukte hoë-vlak CTS1-2-uitdrukkende en chitinase-produserende S. cerevisiae PRY488 rasse opgelewer het. Die vermoë van die verskillende sekresieseine om die ooruitgedrukte chitinase voldoende uit te skei, is geanaliseer, en daar is gevind dat die heteroloë sekresieseine aansienlik meer proteïene na die ekstrasellulêre omgewing geloods het. Dit was dus duidelik dat die MFa1 en XYN2 sekresieseine beter as die wilde-tipe sekresiesein presteer het. Die antifungiese aktiwiteit van die rekombinante chitinases wat deur hierdie konstrukte geproduseer is, is ook in in vitrotoetse teen Botryits cinerea getoets. Die teenwoordigheid van die ensieme het gelei tot 'n aansienlike afname in hife-ontwikkeling, veroorsaak deur ekstreme strukturele skade aan die hifepunte, die hifeselwande, asook die vermoë van die swam om voortplanting- en oorlewingstrukture te vorm. Die ADH2 promotor-termineerderkonstrukte het CTS1-2 transkripte vertoon, maar geen chitinase-aktiwiteite kon in hierdie konstrukte waargeneem word nie. Die redes hiervoor is tot op hede onbekend. Die tweede oogmerk van hierdie studie was om die potensiaal van die gischitinase om swaminfeksie in planta teë te werk, te ondersoek. Die CTS1-2-geen is konstitutief ooruitgedruk in tabakplante, waarin die chitinase na beide die intra- en ekstrasellulêre omgewing geteiken is. Resultate het getoon dat die geregenereerde transgeniese tabaklyne die transgeen stabiel geïntegreer het, transgeenuitdrukking vertoon en dat 'n biologies aktiewe chitinase-ensiem geproduseer is. 'n F1-generasie is aan strawwe toetse onderwerp om weerstand teen B. cinerea te ondersoek. Beide die in vitro en in planta toetse het bevestig dat die gischitinase die plant se verdraagsaamheid teenoor swaminfeksie verhoog het; sommige lyne het siekteweerstand van tussen 65 en 70% getoon. Die plante wat 'n ekstrasellulêre chitinase produseer, word steeds geëvalueer. Interessante resultate word verwag aangaande die effek van die chitinase op die plant se oppervlak met betrekking tot siekteweerstand teen swampatogene. Ten slotte, die gekombineerde stel resultate wat vanaf beide die gis- en plantuitdrukkingstudies verkry is, het die sterk antifungiese effek van gischitinases bevestig. Die gis CTS1-2 kan instrumenteel wees in die ontwikkeling van 'n nuwe generasie gisrasse met verbeterde antifungiese eienskappe. Die ensiem kan ook 'n belangrike rol in genetiese transformasietegnologieë, wat op verbeterde siekteweerstand gemik is, speel.
Carvalho, Jacqueline Campos Borba de. "Antagonismo entre Magnaporthe oryzae e o fungo micorrízico Rhizoctonia sp." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4445.
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Rice blast caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae B. Couch [anamorfo - Pyricularia oryzae Cav.] occurs in all rice growing regions of the world. The sustainable agriculture requires the introduction of biological control as one of the components in the integrated disease management. The microorganisms associated to plants are capable of producing secondary metabolites such as alkaloids which may have a role in biological control. The objective of the present study consists, isolation and identification of secondary metabolites of the micorrhizal fungus Rhizoctonia sp. obtained from Epidendrum nocturnum and evaluate in vitro and in vivo antagonism to M. oryzae. Ten fungal isolates were used to test the antibiosis against M. oryzae. The isolate En07 of Rhizoctonia sp. exhibited a greater halo of inhibition and consequently was considered the best in vitro antagonist to M. oryzae. Crude, mycelial and lyophilized extracts of micorrhizal isolate were obtained. The analysis by CCD of these three extracts showed positive results in relation to Dragendorff, indicating the presence of phenolics. The analysis of RMN 1H and masses showed the presence of aromatic hydrogens and phenolics. Five concentrations of each extract were prepared and utilized in the studies on in vitro mycelial inhibition of M. oryzae and observed 77.86% of pathogen reduction by crude extract (700 μg/mL). Two crude extract treatments (520 μg/ml and 120 μg/ml) significantly reduced the radial growth of the pathogen compared to control. The crude extract showed best results for mycelia inhibition of the pathogen, followed by lyophilized and mycelial extracts. In two trials, the crude extract at 0.52 μg.μL-1 also reduced the formation of appressoria of M. oryzae by 100%. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted on leaf blast suppression with the cultivar Primavera, using completely randomized design with three replications. In both these trials, the mycelial extract (1860 μg/ml and M.o 3x105) showed marked reduction of leaf blast severity in relation to control by 59.27% and 77.58% respectively. In the second trial, the second treatment (1040 μg/mL and M.o3x105) of crude extract reduced AUDPC by 64.63% compared to control. The results showed that the metabolites of Rhizoctonia sp. posses great potential for biological control of rice blast.
A brusone ocorre em todas as áreas produtoras de arroz do mundo, e é causada pelo fungo Magnaporthe oryzae B. Couch [anamorfo - Pyricularia oryzae Cav.]. Seu controle, realizado pelo manejo que integra resistência genética, práticas culturais e controle químico, requer a inserção de agentes biológicos, além de assegurar uma agricultura mais sustentável. Os microrganismos associados às plantas são capazes de produzir metabólitos secundários como os alcaloides que podem atuar no controle biológico. O presente trabalho objetivou isolar os metabólitos secundários do fungo micorrízico Rhizoctonia sp. obtido de Epidendrum nocturnum, e avaliar o antagonismo in vitro e in vivo com M. oryzae. Todos os ensaios foram conduzidos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Um ensaio de antagonismo foi avaliado, pareando-se, 10 isolados fúngicos e M. oryzae, e identificou-se que o isolado En07 foi o que apresentou o maior halo de inibição e consequentemente o melhor antagonismo in vitro sobre M. oryzae. Foram obtidos três extratos do isolado micorrízico (bruto, micelial e liofilizado) que foram analisados por quatro métodos diferentes e complementares. A análise por Cromatografia em Camada Delgada dos três extratos mostrou-se positiva frente ao reativo de Dragendorf, sugerindo a presença de compostos fenólicos. Na análise dos espectros de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear e de massas verificou-se a presença de hidrogênios aromáticos e de compostos fenólicos. Cinco concentrações de cada extrato foram preparadas e utilizadas nos ensaios de inibição micelial de M. oryzae in vitro e observou-se 77,86% de redução do patógeno pelo extrato bruto (700 μg/mL). Dois tratamentos do extrato bruto (520 μg/ml e 120 μg/ml) reduziram o crescimento radial do patógeno de forma significativa quando comparado com a testemunha. Verificou-se que o extrato bruto apresentou os melhores resultados para a inibição micelial do patógeno, seguido dos extratos liofilizado e do micélio. Em dois ensaios o extrato bruto a 0,52 μg.μL-1 também reduziu o número de apressórios formados de M. oryzae em 100%. Foram conduzidos dois ensaios de supressão de brusone foliar em arroz, in vivo, com a cultivar Primavera em três repetições. Nos dois ensaios destacou-se o extrato micelial (1860 μg/ml e M.o 3x105) que proporcionou maiores reduções da severidade de brusone nas folhas em relação ao controle com 59,27% e 64,63%, respectivamente. No segundo ensaio o tratamento 2 (1040 μg/mL e M.o3x105) do extrato bruto reduziu a AACPD em 24,93% em relação à testemunha. Os resultados mostraram que o metabólito de Rhizoctonia sp. possui grande potencial para o controle biológico da brusone.
Burman, Joseph. "Investigating the influence of endosymbionts and population genetics on the predacious ladybird Chilocorus nigritus : implications for biocontrol." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2012. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/12112/.
Повний текст джерелаGautier, Camille. "Les exsudats radiculaires de plantes comme nouveaux produits de biocontrôle contre les nématodes phytoparasites." Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NSARC145.
Повний текст джерелаCyst nematodes are among the most harmful pests of cultivated crops causing important economic losses. For cyst nematodes, the hatching is stimulated by root exudates released by the host plant. The removal of chemical nematicides requires development of alternative approaches to protect crops. For this purpose, root exudates may constitute an effective and innovative biocontrol method that could be used in the absence of the host plant to induce a “suicide hatching” of nematode and to control cyst nematodes’ pressure on crop. This work aimed to anticipate the effectiveness of the suicide hatching strategy, taking into account the influence of the genetic diversity of nematode populations and the microbial composition of soils. First, the level of dependence between root exudates from wildSolanum species and Globodera pallida populations for the hatching trait was evaluated and highlighted a strong effect of the geographical location of root exudates. Second, root exudates from different plant species were tested on the hatching of representative populations of the genetic diversity for three cyst nematodes. Significant differences were obtained among populations for a given nematode species but root exudates provided a high level of hatching of nematodes. Third, the impact of microbial communities of soil on the efficiency of root exudates to stimulate the hatching was measured. Significant differences of suicide hatching between different soils were obtained but the hatching rate remained high. These research efforts provide key elements for the development of root exud
Carrer, Filho Renato. "Detecção de resistência a Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici e biocontrole da murcha de fusário em tomateiro com Bacillus sp." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/5008.
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The tomato is a solanaceous plant who became quite prominent in the last century, not only by the pleasant taste, but also for being a rich source of amino acids, organic acids, vitamins, as well as the high concentration of beneficial substances, including lycopene. To meet the growing demand for tomatoes, various breeding programs were executed, aiming an increment in production, productivity and fruit quality, such as the reduction of secondary metabolites. By proceeding crossings to improve agronomic traits of the culture, genes conferring hardiness and hence resistance to disease were probably lost, favoring the increased attack of pests and diseases. Among the most troubling diseases stands the vascular wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. spp. lycopersici. The difficulty of controlling this disease comes from the intrinsic characteristics of the pathogen, such as high adaptability to the underground environment while associated with the host and the production of resistance structures that remain viable in the soil for a long time. Genetic resistance stands out as the main tool in the control of this pathogen, which requires a continuous accession characterization program and the identification of sources of resistance, ensuring the introgression of 'I' genes that express resistance to physiologic races of the pathogen. Coupled with genetic resistance, the use of microorganisms as antagonists and their introduction in the pathogen´s microhabitat has become a promising alternative in the context of the management of root diseases of tomato, highlighting the colonizing bacteria from the rhizosphere of plants, termed rhizobacteria, as the main biocontrol agents. This study aimed to identify resistant tomato accessions to three physiological races of Fusarium oxysporum f. spp. lycopersici, by morphological and molecular methods, as well as detect multiple sources of resistance from the germplasm bank of EMBRAPA CNPH. The assay consisted of an evaluation of 28 varieties, 3 hybrids, 32 strains and 19 wild accessions, totaling 82 accessions. The susceptibility or resistance was confirmed by visualization of DNA bands on an agarose gel generated by specific molecular markers capable of amplifying regions of the target genes I-1, I-2 and I-3, expressing resistance to classes 1, 2 and 3 of F. oxysporum f. spp. lycopersici, respectively. To enhance the durability of this resistance, 10 rhizobacteria of the Bacillus genus were tested as biocontrol agents of wilt in greenhouse assays. In parallel, in vitro root colonization, antibiosis and detection of potential biocontrol genes involved in the tests were conducted. All Bacillus isolates showed variable levels of control of the pathogen in vitro, while the UFG-07 (Bacillus subtilis) and UFG-10 (Bacillus circulans) isolates have excelled in disease suppression in the greenhouse, which reinforces the hypothesis of substances acting as an antimicrobial control.
O tomateiro é uma solanácea que se tornou bastante proeminente no século passado, não só pelo agradável paladar, mas também por ser uma rica fonte de aminoácidos, ácidos orgânicos, vitaminas, como também pela grande concentração de substâncias benéficas, entre elas o licopeno. Para atender à crescente demanda pelo tomate, vários programas de melhoramento visando o aumento da produção, produtividade, qualidade dos frutos, como a diminuição de metabólitos secundários, foram empreendidas. Ao se procederem os cruzamentos visando melhorar as características agronômicas da cultura, genes que conferiam rusticidade e, consequentemente, resistência às doenças, foram provavelmente perdidos, favorecendo o aumento do ataque de pragas e doenças na cultura do tomateiro. Dentre as doenças mais preocupantes destaca-se a murcha vascular causada pelo fungo Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. A dificuldade de controle desta doença advém de características intrínsecas do patógeno, como alta adaptabilidade ao ambiente subterrâneo em associação com o hospedeiro e pela produção de estruturas de resistência que ficam viáveis no solo por um longo tempo. A resistência genética destaca-se como a principal ferramenta no controle deste fitopatógeno, o que requer um programa contínuo de caracterização de acessos e de identificação de fontes de resistência, garantindo a introgressão de genes ‘I’ que expressam resistência as raças fisiológicas do patógeno. Aliado a resistência genética, o uso de microrganismos como agentes antagonistas e sua introdução no microhabitat do patógeno, tem-se tornado como alternativa promissora no contexto do manejo de doenças radiculares do tomateiro, com destaque para as bactérias colonizadoras da rizosfera de plantas, denominadas rizobacterias, como os principais agentes de biocontrole. O objetivo deste trabalho visou identificar acessos de tomateiro resistentes às 3 raças fisiológicas de Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, pelos métodos morfológico e molecular, assim como detectar fontes de resistência múltipla no banco de germoplasma da EMBRAPA CNPH. O ensaio consistiu na avaliação de 28 variedades, 3 híbridos, 32 linhagens e 19 acessos selvagens, totalizando 82 acessos. A resistência ou suscetibilidade foi corroborada pela visualização de bandas de DNA em gel de agarose, ao utilizar-se de marcadores moleculares específicos para amplificar das regiões alvo, gene I-1, I-2 e I-3 que expressam resistência à raça 1, 2 e 3 de Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, respectivamente. Visando maior durabilidade da resistência, 10 rizobacterias do gênero Bacillus foram testadas como agentes de biocontrole da murcha do tomateiro, em casa de vegetação. Paralelamente foram conduzidos, in vitro, antibiose e detecção de possíveis genes envolvidos no biocontrole. Isolados de Bacillus apresentaram controle variável do patógeno in vitro, enquanto que os isolados UFG-07 (Bacillus subtilis) e UFG-10 (Bacillus circulans) se destacaram na supressão da doença em casa de vegetação.
Wilkin, Jennifer. "Genetic diversity and population structure of the potential biocontrol agent, Valdensinia heterodoxa, and its host Gaultheria shallon (salal)." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/15151.
Повний текст джерелаRoss, Ian L. "Mechanisms of biocontrol of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici by Pseudomonas corrugata strain 2140 : genetic and biochemical aspects / Ian Ross." 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/18760.
Повний текст джерела220 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm.
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
Pseudomonas corrigata strain 2140 (Pc2140), isolated from wheat field soil in Australia, antagonises the take-all fungus, Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (Ggt) in vitro and significantly reduces take-all symptoms on wheat in pot trials. This study investigates the mechanisms by which the biocontrol agent reduces the disease symptoms. Biochemical analysis of metabolites of P. corrugata 2140 reveal a number of compounds potentially antagonistic to Ggt and which may play a role in disease control. These include water-soluble antibiotics, siderophores, proteases, peptides and volatiles including hydrogen cyanide.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Crop Protection, 1996
Книги з теми "Genetic biocontrol"
Dent, David. The convention on biological diversity and product commercialisation in development assistance projects: A case study of LUBILOSA. Wallingford, Oxon, UK: New York, NY, 2001.
Знайти повний текст джерелаSpecial Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases., ed. Report of an informal consultation on the role of molecular biology and genetic engineering in the development of biocontrol of disease vectors: GenevulE4-6 March 1987. [Geneva]: World Health Organization, 1987.
Знайти повний текст джерелаThe Convention on Biological Diversity and Product Commercialisation in Development Assistance Projects: A Case Study of LUBILOSA (Biopesticides Series, Number 3). CABI, 2001.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Genetic biocontrol"
Migheli, Quirico, M. Lodovica Gullino, and Angelo Garibaldi. "Genetic Manipulation of Antagonistic Fusarium Spp." In Biotechnological Approaches in Biocontrol of Plant Pathogens, 219–25. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4745-7_11.
Повний текст джерелаKlemsdal, Sonja Sletner, and Arne Tronsmo. "Genetic Manipulation for Improvement of Microbial Biocontrol Agents." In Integrated Pest and Disease Management in Greenhouse Crops, 353–64. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47585-5_25.
Повний текст джерелаBrey, Christopher W., and Sarwar Hashmi. "Genetic Improvement of Entomopathogenic Nematodes for Insect Biocontrol." In Advances in Microbial Control of Insect Pests, 297–311. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4437-8_15.
Повний текст джерелаArora, Ramesh, and P. S. Shera. "Genetic Improvement of Biocontrol Agents for Sustainable Pest Management." In Basic and Applied Aspects of Biopesticides, 255–85. New Delhi: Springer India, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1877-7_15.
Повний текст джерелаShoda, Makoto. "Genetic Analysis of B. subtilis Related with Production of Three Peptide Substances." In Biocontrol of Plant Diseases by Bacillus subtilis, 137–80. Boca Raton, Florida : CRC Press, 2019. |: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429027635-6.
Повний текст джерелаToppo, Neha Nancy, and Dipankar Maiti. "Capturing Plant Genetic Potential of Upland Rice for Exploiting Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Responsiveness to Improve Rice Variety for Higher Phosphorus (P) Acquisition Under P Limiting Environments." In Mycorrhiza - Nutrient Uptake, Biocontrol, Ecorestoration, 45–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68867-1_3.
Повний текст джерелаO’sullivan, D. J., and F. O’gara. "Genetic improvement of siderophore production aimed at enhancing biocontrol in Pseudomonas strains." In The Rhizosphere and Plant Growth, 310. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3336-4_67.
Повний текст джерелаHada, Alkesh, M. S. Mohamed Jaabir, S. Velmurugan, Chunoti Changwal, and Anil Kumar. "Molecular Genetics of Biotic Stress Management for Crop Improvement." In Microbial Biocontrol: Sustainable Agriculture and Phytopathogen Management, 323–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87512-1_14.
Повний текст джерела"Biocontrol Agents: Genetic Improvement." In Encyclopedia of Biotechnology in Agriculture and Food, 87–90. CRC Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/e-ebaf-100001744.
Повний текст джерела"BIOCONTROL MECHANISMS." In Biochemical and Genetic Mechanisms Used by Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria, 215–48. PUBLISHED BY IMPERIAL COLLEGE PRESS AND DISTRIBUTED BY WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHING CO., 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9781848160521_0007.
Повний текст джерелаТези доповідей конференцій з теми "Genetic biocontrol"
Самойлова, Анна. "Бактериофаги Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae перспективные в подавлении развития бактериального рака плодовых". У VIIth International Scientific Conference “Genetics, Physiology and Plant Breeding”. Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/gppb7.2021.88.
Повний текст джерелаStouthamer, Richard. "The genetics of biocontrol agents in the age of omics." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.93001.
Повний текст джерела"Tomato endophytic bacteria bioactive compounds as potential agents for the postharvest biocontrol of gray mold disease." In Plant Genetics, Genomics, Bioinformatics, and Biotechnology. Novosibirsk ICG SB RAS 2021, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/plantgen2021-032.
Повний текст джерелаЗвіти організацій з теми "Genetic biocontrol"
Droby, Samir, Michael Wisniewski, Martin Goldway, Wojciech Janisiewicz, and Charles Wilson. Enhancement of Postharvest Biocontrol Activity of the Yeast Candida oleophila by Overexpression of Lytic Enzymes. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586481.bard.
Повний текст джерелаDroby, Samir, Joseph W. Eckert, Shulamit Manulis, and Rajesh K. Mehra. Ecology, Population Dynamics and Genetic Diversity of Epiphytic Yeast Antagonists of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568777.bard.
Повний текст джерелаHarman, Gary E., and Ilan Chet. Discovery and Use of Genes and Gene Combinations Coding for Proteins Useful in Biological Control. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568787.bard.
Повний текст джерелаGlazer, Itamar, Alice Churchill, Galina Gindin, and Michael Samish. Genomic and Organismal Studies to Elucidate the Mechanisms of Infectivity of Entomopathogenic Fungi to Ticks. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7593382.bard.
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