Дисертації з теми "Genetic adaptations"
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Haram, Per Magnus. "Genetic vs. Aquired fitness: Metabolic, Vascular and Cardiomyocyte Adaptations." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-1921.
Повний текст джерелаAl, Naqi Asmaa. "Dynamic and fault tolerant three-dimensional cellular genetic algorithms." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7715.
Повний текст джерелаRittershaus, Emily S. C. "Identification of Essential Metabolic and Genetic Adaptations to the Quiescent State in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2012. http://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/876.
Повний текст джерелаRittershaus, Emily S. C. "Identification of Essential Metabolic and Genetic Adaptations to the Quiescent State in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2016. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/876.
Повний текст джерелаGriffin, Jennifer E. "A Global Analysis of the Adaptations Required for Sterol Catabolism in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2011. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/571.
Повний текст джерелаSalser, Mark Alexander. "Genetic differentiation, local life history adaptations, and geographic distribution in subspecies of the grasshopper Melanoplus sanguinipes in California /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2003. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
Повний текст джерелаGardon, Olivier. "Role of the Mu opioid receptor in addiction : searching for transcriptional adaptations in the extended amygdala and designing new genetic models." Strasbourg, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010STRA6283.
Повний текст джерелаAddiction is a chronic relapsing disorder characterized by compulsive drug-seeking and drug-taking despite negative consequences. The extended amygdala (EA) is a neuroanatomical entity that interfaces brain reward and stress systems and that is involved in behavioral responses related to stress and anxiety. Neuroadaptations within this neural circuit during chronic drug of abuse consumption are involved in the emergence of the negative emotional state that appears with drug withdrawal and that increases with the development of addiction. Therefore modifications occurring within this structure are likely involved in molecular mechanisms underlying drug craving and relapse. Mu opioid receptors are part of the endogenous opioid system and its activation was shown to be crucial for the reinforcing and addictive properties of opiate as well as other drugs of abuse. The first aim of this thesis project was to study variations occurring in the expression of mu opioid receptor-dependent genes in the EA following alcohol exposure. We investigated whether the expression of genes whose transcription is modulated by the chronic activation of mu opioid receptor in the EA is also regulated by chronic treatments using non opiate drugs of abuse. The observed transcriptional regulations suggest that the development of alcohol addiction is accompanied with dendritic spine remodeling and modifications in neuronal activity in the EA. The second aim of this thesis work consisted in the generation and characterization of novel murine genetic models that would be useful to expand our understanding on mu opioid receptor implication in addictive behaviors
Rogell, Björn. "Genetic variation and local adaptation in peripheral populations of toads." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-107395.
Повний текст джерелаKey, Felix-Michael. "Human Adaptation in the Light of Ancient and Modern Genomes." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-204412.
Повний текст джерелаDelava, Émilie. "Impacts du réchauffement climatique sur la distribution géographique des insectes et mise en place des adaptations locales : cas d'un parasitoïde de drosophiles dans le sud-est de la France." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10315.
Повний текст джерелаPredicting biodiversity responses to anthropogenic climate change has become a field of research with major scientific and societal issues. The main goal of my thesis was to evaluate the impacts of global warming on a Drosophila parasitoid, Leptopilina boulardi, at a small geographical scale, the South-East of France. The aim was not only to examine the change in the distribution of the parasitoid in response to rising temperatures, but also to understand the adaptations associated with this change. First, the analysis of insect sampling and meteorological data allowed me to demonstrate a rapid expansion of the parasitoid range to the north with an average rate of 90km/decade as well as a simultaneous temperature increase of 1.57°C on average over the past 30 years in the studied area. Following the identification of the main environmental factors structuring the spatial distribution of L. boulardi, I fitted a model predicting its potential distribution in the south-east of France, under the current climate and in 2050, for two CO2 emission scenarios. In 2050, the geographical distribution of L. boulardi should significantly extend northward as a result of climate change. Then, by measuring several life history traits under four fluctuating temperature regimes, I have shown that populations of L. boulardi located on the border of the range are genetically differentiated from those in the central range. The fact that marginal populations have a greater fitness at low temperature suggests local adaptation of parasitoids in the area of progression of range. The last part of this thesis aimed to better understand the process of colonization of L. boulardi. For this, I undertook the development of RAD-sequencing markers to genotype 15 populations of this species distributed along a cline of latitude in the southeast of France. Numerous data from Illumina sequencing will allow me to characterize the genetic structure of the populations. All the results obtained in my thesis highlight the force with which climate change may impact species, in particular those of high trophic level, causing rapid changes in distribution along with genotypic and phenotypic changes underlying local adaptation
Carnero-Montoro, Elena 1985. "Genomic and functional approaches to genetic adaptation." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/291115.
Повний текст джерелаLa base genética de los carácteres que han contribuido a la adaptación de los organismos y las especies ha sido siempre una pregunta central en biología evolutiva. Gracias a la acumulación masiva de datos de variabilidad genética, en los últimos años se ha podido detectar en el genoma diferentes señales de selección positiva y también localizar cientos de genes candidatos que han podido tener un papel en la adaptación de las poblaciones a diferentes ambientes. Sin embargo en estos estudios, donde no hay una hipótesis a priori, se desconoce qué variantes dentro de estos genes fueron realmente las que proporcionaron una ventaja selectiva y por qué. Además, la compleja arquitectura del genoma y la naturaleza poligénica de muchos carácteres hace que sea difícil detectar casos más complejos de adaptación. En esta tesis se intenta resolver algunos de estos problemas. En primer lugar, mediante un enfoque evolutivo y funcional, hemos descifrado el rol adaptativo de dos variantes genéticas, una en un receptor linfocitario y la otra en un transportador de zinc, que probablemente fueron seleccionadas por conferir resistencia a patógenos. En segundo lugar, mediante el análisis de datos de polimorfismo y divergencia conjuntamente, también hemos detectado distintos mecanismos de acción de la selección natural en distintos pathways y entre elementos codificantes y elementos no codificantes reguladores en chimpancé.
Welch, John Joseph. "Rates of adaptation in complex genetic systems." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.401980.
Повний текст джерелаBanglawala, Neelofer. "Local adaptation under demographic and genetic fluctuations." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4896.
Повний текст джерелаGattepaille, Lucie. "Population Genetic Methods and Applications to Human Genomes." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Evolutionsbiologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-260998.
Повний текст джерелаBarrett, Rowan Douglas Hilton. "The genetics of adaptation in stickleback." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27099.
Повний текст джерелаBrauer, Matthew Jonas. "Geometry and genetics of microbial adaptation /." Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3004221.
Повний текст джерелаReynolds, Louise. "Evolutionary genetics of adaptation in Lepidoptera." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2016. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3004573/.
Повний текст джерелаMendizábal, Eceizabarrena Isabel 1981. "Demography and genetic adaptation: examples from human populations." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/104536.
Повний текст джерелаLa colonización humana de las diferentes masas continentales se produjo mediante complejos patrones de dispersión y mezcla. La supervivencia en las diversas regiones del planeta ha dependido de la adaptación a las presiones selectivas impuestas por los nuevos hábitats. Con el desarrollo de tecnologías de genotipado masivo y las bases de datos de la diversidad genética humana, la historia demográfica de muchas poblaciones humanas, y sus implicaciones médicas, han sido descritas. Sin embargo, algunas poblaciones todavía no han sido caracterizadas genéticamente. Por ejemplo, tanto la descomposición de la ancestría genética de la población cubana actual como los orígenes y la dispersión de los gitanos europeos siguen siendo historias incompletas que se han reconstruido en esta tesis. Finalmente, este estudio también tiene como objetivo describir la evolución y las bases genéticas de uno de los fenotipos humanos más llamativos, la altura de los pigmeos africanos.
Eriksson, Sofia. "Genetic adaptation of Salmonella enterica to phagocytic cells /." Stockholm, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-403-8/.
Повний текст джерелаCarvalho, Sara. "Adaptation from standing genetic variation and from mutation." Doctoral thesis, Universidade Nova de Lisboa. Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/8499.
Повний текст джерелаUnderstanding the genetic basis of adaptation is crucial to explain the emergence and maintenance of the multitude of life forms we find on Earth today. Perhaps even more importantly, gaining knowledge about how fast organisms can cope with environmental changes may prove crucial in a world being altered at increasing speed due to the human actions. The study of adaptive evolution may therefore have major implications (and applications) in Agriculture, Conservation of endangered species and even Human Health. Natural selection has long been appreciated as one of the predominant evolutionary mechanisms and it enjoys a solid theoretical framework regarding its requirements, its effects and its limitations. Empirically, however, it has proved quite challenging to study. In wild populations natural selection is particularly difficult to characterize and measure since in these settings other evolutionary mechanisms (such as genetic drift or gene flow) often occur simultaneously. In addition to this, the different evolutionary mechanisms may vary greatly in time and in space with respect to their relative influences on the evolutionary dynamics of populations.(...)
Lamichhaney, Sangeet. "The genetic basis for adaptation in natural populations." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för medicinsk biokemi och mikrobiologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-279969.
Повний текст джерелаWhiting, James R. "The evolutionary consequences of genetic adaptation to parasitism." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/50591/.
Повний текст джерелаZhang, Yiliang, and 张毅良. "Regulation, activities, and physiological functions of the multidrug efflux pump mdtEF during the anaerobic adaptation of Escherichia coli." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4775266X.
Повний текст джерелаpublished_or_final_version
Biological Sciences
Master
Master of Philosophy
Smith, James Edward. "Self adaptation in evolutionary algorithms." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 1998. http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/11046/.
Повний текст джерелаVisioni, Andrea. "Barley adaptation to stress prone environments." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/121581.
Повний текст джерелаEls assajos en localitats múltiplas de poblacions de mapeo s'utilitzen freqüentment per a testar genotips en un conjunt d'ambients representatius de la condicions climàtiques on es volen introduir aquests genotips. La primera part d'això treball ha estat l'avaluació de la població de mapeo ‘Nure x Tremois’ constituïda de 118 de doble haploides d'ordi, juntament amb panell d'associació que comprèn 185 varietats d'ordi representatives del germoplasma conreat en la conca Mediterrània. El material vegetal ha estat assajat en una combinació de divuit camps per any desllorigats en sis països de la conca mediterrània. Els assajos s'han portat a terme en camps amb diferent disponibilitat d'aigua, classificats sobre la base de les dades relatives a les freqüència i quantitat de les precipitacions o en el mateix lloc amb un camp en secà i altre regat. Els assajos es van portar a terme per dos anys en cada localitat i això va permetre la recollida d'un gran volum de dades que comprenen caràcters agronómicos relacionats amb rendiment i components del rendiment, dades fenológicos i ambientals. Aquestes dades es van utilitzar després per a la identificació de regions genomicas involucrades en l'adaptació de l'ordi a l'ambient. Els 118 dobles haploides de la població ‘Nure x Tremois’ es genotiparon amb marcadors DaRT (Diversity Array Technology), després un set de 15 marcadors CAPS I SCCP per a gens candidats involucrats en la regulació de les fases fenológicas van ser afegits al mapa de lligament construït amb els marcadors DaRT. Les dades van ser utilitzats per a fer una anàlisi de QTL amb procediment ‘Composite Interval Mapping’ para cada combinació ambienti/ caràcter. Es van trobar diversos QTLs per rendiment i data d'espigolat i components del rendiment. Els QTL mes freqüents trobats per rendiment i data de floració i components del rendiment estan localitzats en els cromosomes 1H (3 camps), 2H (8 camps) i 5H (5 camps) coincidents respectivament amb HvFT3 locus, eam6/Eps-‐2 (earliness per se) locus i amb el locus de vernalización Vrn-‐H1. Una ulterior anàlisi de QTL feta amb el mètode “Multi Environment Trial” ha revelat que els QTL localitzats en el locus eam6/Eps-‐2 (cromosoma 2H) i Vrn-‐H1 (cromosoma 5H) són comunes per rendiment i data de floració en els 18 camps d'assaig. Per això utilitzem tots el dades ambientals col·leccionades durant tot el cicle del cultiu per a investigar la sensibilitat de dites QTL a les co-‐variables ambientals. La majoria de les associacions oposades estan relacionades amb temperatures i variables relacionades amb aquestes. Eam6/Eps-‐2 mostra una interacció de tipus quantitatiu amb aquestes variables mentre Vrn-‐H1 mostra una interacció de tipus qualitatiu amb aquestes variables. Les 185 varietats assajades van ser genotipadas amb 185 SNPs i fenotipadas per resistència a fred en dos assajos uneixo a Espanya i altre a Itàlia. El primer assaig va ser caracteritzat per un hivern excepcionalment fred, mentre el d'Itàlia ha estat utilitzat en passat per testar resistència a fred a causa de els hiverns rígids que solen registrar-‐se en aquesta localitat. Les dades van ser utilitzats per a portar a terme la analisis GWAS “Genome Wide Association Analysis” . Els resultats van permetre identificar 13 regions genomicas involucrades en la resistència a frio. Entre elles tres regions coincideixen amb loci ja mapeados i coneguts per ser involucrats en la resposta a frio en los cromosomes 2HL, 4HL i 5HL.
Los ensayos en localidades múltiplas de poblaciones de mapeo se utilizan frecuentemente para testar genotipos en un conjunto de ambientes representativos de la condiciones climáticas donde se quieren introducir dichos genotipos. La primera parte de esto trabajo ha sido la evaluación de la población de mapeo ‘Nure x Tremois’ constituida de 118 de doble haploides de cebada, junto con panel de asociación que comprende 185 variedades de cebada representativas del germoplasma cultivado en la cuenca Mediterránea. El material vegetal ha sido ensayado en una combinación de dieciocho campos por año dislocados en seis países de la cuenca mediterránea. Los ensayos se han llevado a cabo en campos con diferente disponibilidad de agua, clasificados en base a los datos relativos a las frecuencia y cantidad de las precipitaciones o en el mismo sitio con un campo en secano y otro regado. Los ensayos se llevaron a cabo por dos años en cada localidad y esto permitió la recogida de un gran volumen de datos que comprenden caracteres agronómicos relacionados con rendimiento y componentes del rendimiento, datos fenológicos y ambientales. Dichos datos se utilizaron después para la identificación de regiones genomicas involucradas en la adaptación de la cebada al ambiente. Los 118 dobles haploides de la población ‘Nure x Tremois’ se genotiparon con marcadores DaRT (Diversity Array Technology), después un set de 15 marcadores CAPS Y SCCP para genes candidatos involucrados en la regulación de las fases fenológicas fueron añadidos al mapa de ligamento construido con los marcadores DaRT. Los datos fueron utilizados para hacer una análisis de QTL con procedimiento ‘Composite Interval Mapping’ para cada combinación ambiente/ carácter. Se encontraron varios QTLs por rendimiento y fecha de espigado y componentes del rendimiento. Los QTL mas frecuentes encontrados por rendimiento y fecha de floración y componentes del rendimiento están localizados en los cromosomas 1H (3 campos), 2H (8 campos) y 5H(5 campos) coincidentes respectivamente con HvFT3 locus, eam6/Eps-‐2 (earliness per se) locus y con el locus de vernalización Vrn-‐H1. Una ulterior análisis de QTL hecha con el método “Multi Environment Trial” ha revelado que los QTL localizados en el locus eam6/Eps-‐2 (cromosoma 2H) y Vrn-‐H1 (cromosoma 5H) son comunes por rendimiento y fecha de floración en los 18 campos de ensayo. Por esto utilizamos todos lo datos ambientales coleccionadas durante todo el ciclo del cultivo para investigar la sensibilidad de dichos QTL a las co-‐variables ambientales. La mayoría de las asociaciones encontradas están relacionadas con temperaturas y variables relacionadas con estas. Eam6/Eps-‐2 muestra una interacción de tipo cuantitativo con dichas variables mientras Vrn-‐H1 muestra una interacción de tipo cualitativo con dichas variables. Las 185 variedades ensayadas fueron genotipadas con 185 SNPs y fenotipadas por resistencia a frío en dos ensayos uno en España y otro en Italia. El primer ensayo fue caracterizado por un invierno excepcionalmente frío, mientras el de Italia ha sido utilizado en pasado por testar resistencia a frío debido a los inviernos rígidos que suelen registrarse en dicha localidad. Los datos fueron utilizados para llevar a cabo la analisis GWAS “Genome Wide Association Analysis”. Los resultados permitieron identificar 13 regiones genomicas involucradas en la resistencia a frio. Entre ellas tres regiones coinciden con loci ya mapeados y conocidos por ser involucrados en la respuesta a frio en los cromosomas 2HL, 4HL y 5HL.
Bos, Antoine. "Natural variation in cold adaptation and freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1947.
Повний текст джерелаWhiteley, Rachel. "Quantitative and molecular genetic variation in Ulmus laevis Pall. /." Uppsala : Dept. of Plant Biology and Forest Genetics, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2004. http://epsilon.slu.se/s313.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаLu, Zhongyan. "Genetic Mechanisms of Porcine Sapovirus Adaptation to Cell Culture." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1449149533.
Повний текст джерелаSheeley, Sara Lynn. "Investigating patterns of parallel genetic change in repeated adaptation." Diss., University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/600.
Повний текст джерелаTakahashi, Alexandre [UNESP]. "Interação genótipo x ambiente para produção de grãos e podridões de colmo em milho." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/122010.
Повний текст джерелаO comportamento diferencial de um grupo de genótipos avaliados em diferentes ambientes ocorre devido às interações entre genótipos e ambientes. Essas interações são amplamente estudadas, pois o seu entendimento pode caracterizar os ambientes de experimentação, podendo agrupar locais semelhantes e também identificar ambientes que possam levar a maior ou menor expressão das características de interesse de cada genótipo. Além disso, a compreensão da interação genótipo x ambiente é importante para que os métodos de seleção sejam calibrados para reduzir os seus efeitos e proporcionar resultados eficientes na identificação dos genótipos superiores, sejam eles estáveis ou de ampla ou específica adaptação. Assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o resultado de produção de grãos e podridão de colmo de 36 genótipos de milho em 22 ambientes na safra 2012/2013. Os ambientes fazem parte da rede de experimentação da empresa Dow AgroSciences. A estratificação formou 24 grupos para produção de grãos e 21 para podridão de colmo. E a interação genótipo x ambiente foi predominantemente do tipo complexa para ambas as características. Utilizando os dois métodos em conjunto foi possível reduzir 3 pares de ambientes (1,03%) ) para produção de grãos e 10 pares de ambientes (4,33%) para podridão de colmo. Essa baixa redução demonstra a baixa similaridade entre os locais avaliados garantindo uma boa eficiência na seleção de genótipos de milho. Os genótipos mais estáveis, de adaptabilidade ampla e alta média de Produção de Grãos foram: HE30PW, HE12PW e HE22PW. E os mais estáveis, de adaptabilidade ampla e baixa média de Podridão de Colmo foram: HE31PW, HE16PW e HE17PW. Pelo teste de média os genótipos com o maior número de vitorias foram para Produção de Grãos: HE28PW, HE10PW, HE02PW, HE29PW e HE16PW e para Podridão de Colmo: HE29PW, HE27PW, HE16PW, HE08PW e HE02PW
The differential behavior of a group of genotypes at different environments is due to the interaction between genotypes and environment. These interactions are widely studied, because its understanding can distinguish the environments for experimentation, by gathering similar environments and also to identify environments that can lead the genotype to express more or less its main phenotypes. Furthermore, the comprehension of the interaction it is important to calibrate the methods for selection of superior genotypes: stables one, or with specific or wide adaptability. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate the results of yield and stalk rots of 36 corn genotypes at 22 locations during the season 2012/2013. All the experiments are part of the Dow AgroSciences evaluation fields. Stratification formed 24 groups for yield and 21 for stalk rot. The interaction was mainly of the complex type for both traits. Analyzing both methods at the same time 3 environments pair (1,03%) could be reduced for yield and 10 pairs (4,33%) for stalk rot. This low location reduce capacity, shows the low similarity between locations and is an indication of the efficiency of the locations for corn selection. The most stable, with wide adaptability and highest yield were the genotypes: HE 30 PW, HE12PW and HE22PW. The most stable, with wide adaptability lowest stalk rot were: HE31PW, HE16PW and HE17PW. The Scott-Knott test showed that the genotypes with no significant difference to the checks in a higher number of locations for yield were: HE 28PW, HE 10PW, HE 02PW, HE 29PW and HE 16PW. For Stalk Rot the genotypes were: HE 29PW, HE 27PW, HE 16PW, HE 08PW and HE 02PW
Eichstaedt, Christina Alessandra. "Adaptations in Andean populations : the genetics of hypoxia protection." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648561.
Повний текст джерелаCollinge, Janelle Elyse. "Adaptation of Drosophila melanogaster to altitudinal and latitudinal climatic gradients : the role of the heat-shock RNA gene hsr-omega." Monash University, School of Biological Sciences, 2004. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5172.
Повний текст джерелаDombrowsky, Steven P. (Steven Paul). "Intrinsic and Extrinsic Adaptation in a Simulated Combat Environment." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278231/.
Повний текст джерелаKane, Nolan C. "The genetic basis of adaptation and speciation in wild sunflowers." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3290775.
Повний текст джерелаTitle from dissertation home page (viewed May 28, 2008). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-11, Section: B, page: 7090. Adviser: Loren H. Rieseberg.
Rogell, Björn. "Genetic variation and local adaptation in peripheral populations of toads." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Populationsbiologi och naturvårdsbiologi, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-107395.
Повний текст джерелаSchick, Alana. "Adaptation in Escherichia coli : ecological and genetic constraints on diversification." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/45734.
Повний текст джерелаKettler, Gregory C. (Gregory Carl). "Genetic diversity and its consequences for light adaptation in Prochlorococcus." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68428.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 215-223).
When different cells thrive across diverse environments, their genetic differences can reveal what genes are essential to survival in a particular environment. Prochlorococcus, a cyanobacterium that dominates the open ocean, offers an opportunity to explore such differences. Its diversity is examined here, beginning with an overview and comparison of 12 fully sequenced Prochlorococcus genomes. The Prochlorococcus core genome, that set of genes shared by all cultured Prochlorococcus, appears to be well defined by the set shared by these isolates. The flexible genome, that set of genes found in some isolates but not shared by all Prochlorococcus, was found to be much larger and open-ended. Most laterally-acquired genes were found to be located in highly variable islands such as those described in previous studies of Prochlorococcus. Those lateral gene transfer events can also be placed on the Prochlorococcus phylogenetic tree: each Prochlorococcus isolate possesses a significant number of genes that even its closest sequenced cousin does not. A particular gene family may define a Prochlorococcus ecotype if those genes are possessed by all members of that ecotype, and if their presence gives that ecotype a selective advantage in some circumstance, thus contributing to the determination of its niche. One gene family is conspicuous for appearing in many copies per genome in one Prochlorococcus clade, referred to as eNATL. The sequenced strains belonging to this clade each possess over 40 copies of genes encoding high light inducible proteins (HLIPs), compared to only 9-24 in the other Prochlorococcus genomes. Other studies suggest these genes may be involved in resistance to sudden increases in light intensity, among other stresses. This becomes especially interesting as recent field studies also found that eNATL cells may survive changes in light intensity more easily than other lowlight adapted Prochlorococcus. Here, the effects of light shocks on an eNATL strain and on other Prochlorococcus strains are studied. eNATL cultures do recover from light shock conditions that are lethal to other low light-adapted Prochlorococcus. Measurements of bulk in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence, fluorescence per cell, and variable fluorescence, along with preliminary gene expression data, suggest that the early, rapid response of high light-adapted cells and of eNATL cells distinguish them from other low light-adapted cells, possibly explaining their subsequent survival. The possible role of HLIPs in this response is discussed. The discussion of HLIPs and eNATL is based on the complete sequences of only two eNATL genomes, both sampled from the same part of the ocean at the same time. That dataset is expanded by the inclusion of Global Ocean Survey environmental shotgun reads, from which are identified several thousand HLIP genes. Past work has shown that HLIPs are divided into two distinct clades: the core, freshwater cyanobacteria-like HLIPs and the flexible, phage-like, island-bound copies. That distinction is examined in the metagenomic data, demonstrating that the separate types are consistently found in distinct chromosomal neighborhoods.
(cont.) The evolution of HLIPs is also explored by the analysis of large-insert environmental clones containing islands from a variety of eNATL cells. Here, not even all island-bound, HLIP-encoding genes appear to be alike, as only a subset are consistently found in the same locations across the whole eNATL clade. Ecotype-defining genes are those genes, shared by all members of an ecotype, that provide an ecologically significant advantage, thus helping to define the ecotype's niche. It can be expected that, as environmental data accumulates (including additional measurements of Prochlorococcus abundance and newly sequenced genomes from uncultured cells), additional such genes can be identified. This work should represent a model for searching for and examining such genes. Hopefully, future experiments will be able to test the physiological significance of candidate ecotype-defining genes, while feeding back to the environmental data to verify their importance in the open ocean.
by Gregory C. Kettler.
Ph.D.
Ono, Jasmine. "Genetics of adaptation in experimental populations of yeast." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/64159.
Повний текст джерелаScience, Faculty of
Zoology, Department of
Graduate
McGuigan, Katrina Louise. "Evolutionary genetics of rainbowfish : phylogeny, adaptation and constraint /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2001. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16397.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаVasemägi, Anti. "Evolutionary genetics of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) : molecular markers and applications /." Umeå : Dept. of Aquaculture, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2004. http://epsilon.slu.se/s324.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSozio, John Charles. "Intelligent Parameter Adaptation for Chemical Processes." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34089.
Повний текст джерелаMaster of Science
Smith, Joel Haviland. "Leveraging Haplotype-Based Inference to Describe Adaptation and Speciation." Thesis, The University of Chicago, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10788183.
Повний текст джерелаForward progress in empirical population genetics is closely tied to the development of theory which can accomodate and keep pace with the production of genetic data. In recent years, the ability to survey genetic variation at increasingly greater resolution, across the genomes of a variety of species, has prompted new approaches to use this data for population genetic inference. While many models have historically relied on assuming independence among genetic variants in a sample of chromosomes, there are now a variety of methods which can use the non-independence among variants as a source of information. In particular, the unique combination and co-inheritance of variants on a chromosome can be used to define "haplotypes" of linked genetic variation associated with specific populations, individuals, or variants from which they are descended. The work presented here is a contribution to this class of population genetic models which describes: (1) a method to estimate the timing of adaptation for a beneficial allele, including several applications to recent human evolution, (2) an application of the same method to infer the timing of introgression for coat color alleles in North American wolves and high-altitude adaptation in Tibetans, (3) a model to infer the action of purifying selection against genetic incompatibilities in a hybrid zone, and (4) a reanalysis of genomic data from Heliconius butterflies which confirms the role of hybridization in transfering mimicry phenotypes between species.
Monteagudo, Gálvez Arantxa. "Phenological adaptation and its genetic mechanisms in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669235.
Повний текст джерелаEn cebada, la luz y la temperatura controlan la floración a través de la interacción entre los genes de vernalización y fotoperíodo. Se conoce menos sobre el efecto de otros atributos, como la calidad de luz. El objetivo principal de esta tesis es profundizar en el control genético del tiempo de floración en cebada, centrándonos en cómo la temperatura, el fotoperíodo y la calidad espectral, afectan la fenología y los genes que la controlan. En este trabajo se ha revelado la regulación de los principales genes de floración bajo condiciones no-inductivas, se han propuesto nuevos candidatos de la ruta de floración y se ha profundizado en la respuesta a los cambios de longitud de día y de calidad de luz. Las diferencias genotípicas encontradas y los mecanismos genéticos propuestos en este trabajo pueden ser herramientas útiles para el diseño de ideotipos de cebada mejor adaptados para futuras condiciones climáticas.
In barley, temperature and light cues control flowering through the interaction between vernalization and photoperiod genes. Less is known about the effect of other attributes, as light quality. The main objective of this thesis is to increase our knowledge on the genetic control of flowering time in barley, focusing on how temperature, photoperiod and spectral quality, affect to phenology and the flowering time genes. In this work, the regulation of the main flowering genes under non-inductive conditions was revealed, new candidates for the flowering pathway were proposed, and the response to changes in day length and light quality has been deepened. The genotypic differences found and the genetic mechanisms proposed in this work can be useful tools for the design of barley ideotypes better adapted for future climatic conditions.
Leinonen, P. (Päivi). "Local adaptation and its genetic basis in Arabidopsis lyrata." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2011. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514296772.
Повний текст джерелаTiivistelmä Luonnonvalinta saa aikaan paikallista sopeutumista ja adaptiivista erilaistumista. Paikallisen sopeutumisen perinnöllisen taustan selvittäminen on tällä hetkellä yksi tärkeimpiä evolutiivisen ja ekologisen genetiikan tavoitteita. Tässä väitöskirjatyössä tutkin paikallista sopeutumista ja sen geneettistä taustaa monivuotisella, ristipölytteisellä mallikasvilla, idänpitkäpalolla (Arabidopsis lyrata). Käytin työssäni geenikartoitusta kasveilla joita kasvatettiin yhdenmukaisissa oloissa sekä populaatioiden luontaisilla kasvupaikoilla että kontrolloiduissa olosuhteissa. Kenttäolosuhteissa arvioitu kelpoisuus osoitti idänpitkäpalkopopulaatioiden olevan paikallisesti sopeutuneita sekä yksittäisten kelpoisuuteen vaikuttavien ominaisuuksien että hierarkkisen kokonaiskelpoisuuden tasolla. Tutkitut populaatiot olivat myös erilaistuneita ekologisesti tärkeissä ominaisuuksissa. Kelpoisuuteen vaikuttavat ominaisuudet myös poikkesivat ympäristöjen välillä. Paikalliset alleelit olivat yhteydessä korkeaan kelpoisuuteen luonnossa, minkä perusteella voitiin päätellä erisuuntaisen luonnonvalinnan vaikuttaneen populaatioden erilaistumiseen. Kromosomiston eri alueet olivat tärkeitä sopeutumisessa eri ympäristöihin, mutta myös joidenkin samojen genomin alueiden havaittiin mahdollisesti vaikuttavan vastakkaisesti kelpoisuuteen eri ympäristöissä. Myös kukkimisajan erilaistumiseen vaikuttavat genomin alueet poikkesivat eri ympäristöjen välillä erityisesti verrattaessa kenttäkokeita kasvatushuone- ja kasvihuonekokeisiin. Toisin kuin useimmissa tutkimuksissa on havaittu, F2-sukupolven jälkeläistön kelpoisuus oli yllättävän korkea yhdessä kenttäkoeympäristössä. Tähän vaikuttivat kelpoisuuden kannalta suotuisat dominoivat geenivaikutukset, jotka paransivat kasvien selviytymistä kyseisessä ympäristössä. Tumassa sijaitsevien geenien lisäksi myös soluelimien perimällä havaittiin olevan yhteys paikalliseen sopeutumiseen
McBryan, Tara Lynn. "A genetic basis of adaptation to high pH in Rainbow Trout." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/61314.
Повний текст джерелаScience, Faculty of
Zoology, Department of
Graduate
Bourret, Vincent Jacques Richard. "Genetic adaptation of an avian influenza A virus to swine cells." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648811.
Повний текст джерелаMa, Qiang. "The application of genetic algorithms to the adaptation of IIR filters." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1995. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/32269.
Повний текст джерелаViger, Maud. "Physiology, genetics and genomics of drought adaptation in Populus." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2011. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/202473/.
Повний текст джерелаCaldwell, Elizabeth Frances. "Molecular evidence for dietary adaptation in humans." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2005. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445382/.
Повний текст джерелаKingsley, Evan Prentice. "Adaptation in the forest deer mouse: evolution, genetics, and development." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17467192.
Повний текст джерелаBiology, Organismic and Evolutionary