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1
Fleischer, Robert L. "Technological Applications of Ion Tracks in Insulators." MRS Bulletin 20, no. 12 (December 1995): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400045887.
Анотація:
Natural nuclear tracks in solids have existed since close to the beginning of the solar system, billions of years ago. Only during the last few decades have we learned how to employ tracks practically. Uses now range from radiation dosimetry to microchemical analysis, virus counting, oil and uranium exploration, and aiding earthquake prediction. The key to these applications is track etching, which in insulators allows tracks to be revealed simply and then enlarged. Etching also makes it possible to produce minute holes with clean, geometric shapes.
2
Vildanov, Artur, Konstantin Babkin, Ruslan Mendagaliyev, Andrey Arkhipov, and Gleb Turichin. "Using a Trial Sample on Stainless Steel 316L in a Direct Laser Deposition Process." Metals 11, no. 10 (September 28, 2021): 1550. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11101550.
Анотація:
Direct laser deposition technology is used for the manufacture of large-size products with complex geometries. As a rule, trial samples with small dimensions are made to determine the deposition parameters. In order for the resulting products to have the required performance characteristics, it is necessary to minimize the number of internal macrodefects. Non-fusion between the tracks are defects that depend on the technological mode (power, speed, track width, etc.). In this work, studies have been carried out to determine the power level at which non-fusion is formed, dwell time between the tracks on the model samples. This paper considers the issue of transferring the technological parameters of direct laser deposition from model samples to a large-sized part, and describes the procedure for making model samples.
3
ARAVIND SURYA K, RHAMANAN M, MUKESH C, PARAMESHWARAN A, and ARUNKUMAR S. "Prototype Model for Waste Management in Running Trains ofIndia." international journal of engineering technology and management sciences 6, no. 6 (November 28, 2022): 614–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.46647/ijetms.2022.v06i06.103.
Анотація:
Indian Railways is the largest public sector undertaking in India but suffers from a major problem of inefficient waste management system. This is a problem of dry and wet waste generated inside the running train and around the railway tracks resulting in unhygienic trains and unclean railway tracks. Everyday nearly 23 million people travel in 7000 passengers trains inIndia. The area around the railway track in India is about 16000 kms which has never been cleaned. It is estimated that approximately 6289 tons of plastic finds its way into India’s railway tracks every day. This enormous generation of waste is leading to undesirable health issues besides environmental pollution. In this backdrop, in this project a prototype technological modelis being developed which can help to solve this problem. A smart dustbin is placed in each compartment of all the bogies in a train wherein both the dry and wet waste are collected, segregated and crushed. With the help of the belt conveyor, this crushed dry and wet waste is carried from all the compartments and bogies to the centralized bin of the train. This technological prototype model facilitates to manage the enormous dry and wet waste generated inside the running train effectively and efficiently. This will benefit the recycling industries to generate the revenue besides helping to keep the trains and railway tracks clean.
4
Akulinin, Sergey, Vladimir Vorob'ev, and Vitaliy Ul'yanov. "Prospective Technologies for Strengthening the Main Trackbed with a Sub-Ballast Protective Layer Using High-Performance Complexes of Russian Production." Bulletin of scientific research results 2023, no. 2 (June 26, 2023): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/2223-9987-2023-2-161-170.
Анотація:
Purpose: To examine the necessity of conducting measures to strengthen the main trackbed of railway tracks in order to reduce the impact of track repairs on infrastructure, ensure and enhance the carrying capacity of railway lines. To demonstrate the need to increase the output of high-quality leading machines using closed-loop technology, as well as to propose additional measures aimed at optimizing the number of machines and personnel involved in the production process. Methods: A comparison is made between the currently employed technologies for strengthening the main trackbed with sub-ballast protective layers using automotive and tractor equipment and railway construction machinery, as well as track complexes of foreign production, with the proposed technology and the utilization of high-efficiency domestic track machinery. Analysis of productivity indicators and the selection of the optimal option. Results: The necessity of prioritizing domestic technologies and track machinery for conducting major track repairs is indicated as the most effective means of increasing the load-bearing capacity of the track superstructure. Current requirements for technological processes and track machinery to ensure the sustainable operation of railway tracks under growing freight traffic intensity are examined. Technical specifications of the new track machine for ballast excavation, compaction, and the creation of sub-ballast protective layers are presented. Details regarding the design features of the track machine are provided. Practical significance: The need for implementing high-tech equipment and innovative technologies with higher productivity compared to foreign counterparts is demonstrated, along with the potential economic benefits of adopting the proposed technologies. The suggested technology will increase the lifespan of railway tracks and reduce operating costs.
5
Levterov, Andrii, Hanna Pliekhova, Maryna Kostikova, and Anton Okun. "GEOMETRIC MODELING: TRACKS AND FLOWS." Bulletin of National Technical University "KhPI". Series: System Analysis, Control and Information Technologies, no. 1 (9) (July 15, 2023): 60–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2079-0023.2023.01.09.
Анотація:
Mathematical models to solve optimization connection problems in nonsimply connected regions under typical technological restrictions on geometric and topological parameters of routes, first of all, on curvature and the number of bends, have been investigated and developed. The models are linked with the extant and prospective topogeodesic models of the territory polygonal images. The solution of connection problems involves search for optimum trajectories of routes and nets within unrestricted geometric shape areas. It needs the development of a plethora of general models as fields where connections are carried out. The connections can be of various types such as bendy, Manhattan, even, solid as well as routes of other types. Smeliakov and Pliekhova observe that the global and local regulation of geometric connections to solve connection problems can be presented as the general optimization connection problem that is defined as the problem of the choice of с, where W is a set of alternatives, R is a principle of optimality. In so doing, the set W can be presented as the totality of the phase space f and the restrictions Q that are applied to the parameters of the phase space f. In turn, it is expedient to imagine that the phase space f is the Cartesian product f = X*Y*Z*U of the output data X, disturbances Y, control parameters U and results Z. The analysis of problem indicates that first and foremost the effectiveness of the modelling of the phase space f is linked with the description of the output data X on the area F and space L of possible highways in F. This research is devoted to the solution of the problem to develop a model for connection tasks within the framework of geometric design.
6
Bulgakov, Volodymyr, Volodymyr Kuvachov, Olena Solona, and Mykola Boris. "EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF MICRORELIEF SOIL SURFACES OF PERMANENT TECHNOLOGICAL TRACK." ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC, no. 3(114) (September 28, 2021): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2021-3-2.
Анотація:
A promising direction for further development of agriculture not only in Ukraine but also in the world is the introduction of innovative technologies, to which we should include the track system of agriculture. The movement of transport and energy vehicles on the aligned compacted trace of the constant technological track causes undesirable and uncharacteristic vibrations for agricultural machinery. The latter are due to the influence of the microprofile of the constant technological track, which has a significant negative impact on the degree of comfort and efficiency of the operator, operational and technological indicators, reliability and smoothness of machines. The method and results of experimental automated estimation of the microprofile of irregularities of traces of the constant technological track are presented in the article. Experimental studies of the microprofile of irregularities of the traces of the constant technological track have shown that the standard deviation of the irregularities of the profile is ± 0.84 According to their internal structure, the inequalities of the profile of traces of the constant technological track are characterized by a function that contains, along with random components, the harmonic ones, which are expressed by attenuating periodic oscillations of the normalized correlation function. The main share of variances of oscillations of the irregularities of the profile of the traces of the technological track is concentrated in the frequency range from 0… 0.3 cm − 1. The generator of formation of irregularities of a longitudinal profile of soil traces of a constant technological track are parameters of ground hooks of tires of wheels of the cars moving on it.This is confirmed by the fact that the length of the correlation of the ordinates of the irregularities of the profile of the traces of a constant technological track in the conditions of tests of the bridge agricultural tool of the new design is about 0.18 m, which corresponds to the pitch of its tires.
7
Md Abul Kalam Azad. "Padma Bridge Rail Link Project with Special Emphasis on Padma Multipurpose Bridge, its Technological Uniqueness." MIST INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 10, no. 2 (November 30, 2022): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.47981/j.mijst.10(02)2022.388(79-84).
Анотація:
The South and Southwestern part of the country is devoid of direct communication with the central part of Bangladesh due to the presence of the most important tributaries of Lower Ganges i.e. Padma River. To establish direct communication with those areas Government of Bangladesh Constructed Padma Multipurpose Bridge with the provision of road and rail traffic at the upper and lower deck of the bridge respectively. The Padma Bridge Rail Link Project (PBRLP) is the main passage connecting the East and the West of Bangladesh and is also a part of the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar corridor. This line is a single-track passenger-freight railway with a total length of 168.6 km. For the first time in Bangladesh, State of the Art technology ballast less tracks in Padma Bridge, its approach to viaducts and other viaducts are being adopted for providing a smooth operation for both freight and passenger traffic. Precast and prestressed long sleeper embedded in cast in-situ track slab ensures a maintenance-free track system for the railway. PBRLP, once completed will restore the missing link with the Trans-Asian railway and will provide a platform for connecting with the Dedicated Freight Corridor (DFC) of India in future. It will also contribute to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the country by 1.0%.
8
Dobretsov, R. Yu, V. A. Sokolova, I. A. Teterina, S. V. Malyukov, A. A. Aksenov, and N. V. Smertin. "Interaction feature of caterpillar tracks with soil under significant axial displacements of pressure center." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 839, no. 5 (September 1, 2021): 052023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/839/5/052023.
Анотація:
Abstract A calculation method is proposed for assessing the values of normal pressures and transverse reactions under the track of a transport-technological or transport vehicle. The technique is based on a deterministic approach to modeling the interaction of caterpillar tracks with soil. The geometric, power and other characteristics of the chassis and the main characteristics of the soil are taken into account. When modeling normal soil deformation, the Bernstein-Letoshnev relationship was used. Calculated dependencies are proposed, allowing to estimate the value of normal reactions on the supporting surface of the machine and the value of the coefficient of the moment of resistance to turning the chassis. An example of calculations for a tracked chassis weighing eight tons when predicting the track depth is given. The advantage of deterministic methods over stochastic ones in solving problems related to the operational assessment of changes made to the design of the undercarriage of a tracked vehicle has been substantiated.
9
LISTVIN, ALEXANDER A., and MARINA A. GARTH. "SUBJECT AREA “TECHNOLOGY” AND FORMATION OF REGIONAL EDUCATIONAL STRUCTURES." Cherepovets State University Bulletin 6, no. 105 (2021): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.23859/1994-0637-2021-6-105-11.
Анотація:
The article considers the role of the subject area “Technology” as the integration basis for the content of general education in the technological training of schoolchildren in the conditions of infrastructure modernization. The authors reveal the relationship between technosphere transformations and secondary vocational education infrastructure, higher education and content tracks in the subject area “Technology”, its role in regional educational systems that ensure the quality of training personnel taking into account the priorities of regional development.
10
Bushuyev, Sergiy, Natalia Bushuyeva, Denis Bushuiev, and Boris Kozyr. "DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION PROGRAMS COMPETENCY ON DIGITAL FOOTPRINT MODEL." Management of Development of Complex Systems, no. 48 (December 20, 2021): 6–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2412-9933.2021.48.6-16.
Анотація:
The paper considers the problem of the establishment of an effective model of the formation of digital tracks (footprint) of projects and the development of educational programs in the minds of digitalization. The life cycle of projects, knowledge, that technology of management of the sutta will speed up and the processes of digitalization will shape up to the end of their digital traces and so on. Technological and technological complexity of development projects to improve their performance in innovation. The trend is to form the main challenges in the development of project management systems and programs in the minds of the digitalization of the suspension. The model of the formulation of the digital track of projects has been propagated, allowing the internalization of the project in the inter-singularity. A model of using the methodology for the formation of a digital track to the development of educational programs has been introduced. The project and the design power are realized in the minds of the formulation of that dynamic change in the digital track, the reality of the structure of such a ball is designated in the given prediction. Analyse the type of elements in the digital track of the project, allowing for the classification of these elements. The link was assigned to the digital track of the project and this information lack of value, the main options of positive and negative in the flow of the digital track on a successful project were established through the reduction of information lack of value. The dynamics of the digital track of the project was analysed and the relationship between the life cycle of the lighting project and the triviality of the digital track was established. Concentric model of methodology, the formulation of the digital track of the project allows the structure of all the explicit information in the format of the subordinate spiral. This form is structured, allowing a compact package of all data on the project, process, organization and development. Encouraging the digital step of the project to allow the formulation of new models and methods for managing the development of competence in educational projects.
11
Bogachev, I. A., D. I. Sukhov, N. A. Khodyrev, and S. E. Kurkin. "INVESTIGATION OF THE SUPPORTS STRUCTURES’ PRINTING PARAMETERS FOR PARTS OBTAINED BY SELECTIVE LASER MELTING OF METAL POWDER COMPOSITION OF THE Co–Cr–Ni–W–Ta ALLOY." Proceedings of VIAM, no. 1 (2022): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18577/2307-6046-2022-0-1-3-13.
Анотація:
Features of the supports structures’ processing for parts made of a metal-powder composition based on the Co–Cr–Ni–W–Ta system, manufactured by selective laser melting method, have been studied. As the main type of supports used for printing various types of parts, the block type was selected for the research. The analysis of advanced technological parameters of printing support structures, including delays of the laser beam movement when changing the trajectory, the beginning and end of the tracks, the transition between the tracks were held. Influence of the parameters on the quality of manufacturing supports was determined and optimal parameters for printing supports were selected.
12
Frank, Werner. "Solving train scheduling problems as a job shop: A brief review." Annals of Mathematics and Physics 5, no. 2 (November 15, 2022): 153–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/amp.000058.
Анотація:
An interesting practical problem is the single-track train scheduling problem which can be considered a job shop scheduling problem, namely since the sequence of sections is fixed for a train route, it corresponds to fixed machine routes (technological orders) in a job shop scheduling problem. However, for a train scheduling problem, typically some additional constraints such as blocking, sidings, stations with parallel tracks, deadlocks, train length, or headways, etc. have to be considered. The job shop problem has been well investigated in the literature and belongs to the hardest problems in scheduling theory. In this mini-review, some results in this area are discussed, where the main focus is on results that the author has obtained with his collaborators and Ph.D. students during the last decade. MSC classification: 90 B 35
13
Eisele, Lars, Anselm Heuer, Kay A. Weidenmann, and Wilfried V. Liebig. "Can Different Parameter Sets Lead to Equivalent Optima between Geometric Accuracy and Mechanical Properties in Arburg Plastic Freeforming?" Polymers 15, no. 6 (March 18, 2023): 1516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15061516.
Анотація:
Technological advances have led to the increased use of plastic-based additive manufacturing processes for the production of consumer goods and spare parts. For this reason, the need for the best possible mechanical properties while maintaining geometric accuracy is becoming increasingly important. One of these additive manufacturing processes is the Arburg Plastic Freeforming process, which differs from the widely used Fused Filament Fabrication process in the way that droplets are discharged along a track instead of continuous extruded tracks. As with all other plastic-based additive manufacturing processes, due to the round shape of the tracks, voids occur between the individual tracks during manufacturing, which effects mechanical properties. In contrast to previous work, which mainly focused on how the mechanical properties change with a change in a single printing parameter, this work focused more closely on the interaction of three relevant printing parameters considered as a parameter set. Their influence on the mechanical properties was investigated by tensile tests, the influence on the residual porosity by density measurements and the influence on the geometric accuracy by surface roughness measurements. It was shown that by considering the parameters as a parameter set, states of high density and therefore high mechanical properties while reaching minimal surface roughness can be achieved for significantly more combinations than previously assumed. However, for these states the residual porosity was slightly different. This difference was explained by a parameter-dependent deformation factor of the droplets, which influences the maximal possible degree of filling during manufacturing. For the optimization of arbitrary parameter sets, an analytical model was derived.
14
Dabhade, Rishit Hemant. "RFID Based Marathon Tracking System." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 10 (October 31, 2021): 1207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38606.
Анотація:
Abstract: The most daunting task in any type of marathon running event is the correct, impartial tracking and positioning of participating athletes. Notwithstanding the tens of thousands of marathon runners congregating at the starting point of the race, this system accurately tracks the chip-time of each and every runner thus providing the organizers with fair and exact results at the end of the event. All this technological leap in race timing is only possible via Radio-frequency identification (RFID). This cost-effective marathon tracking system implements disposable passive RFID tags on the bibs of the marathon runners to track their chip-time as soon as they pass the starting point of the race where the UHF RFID reader is positioned. Keywords: RFID, Marathon, Arduino Uno, UHF, Passive RFID tag, chip-time.
15
Khoroshev, V. V. "MODERNIZATION OF METHODS OF SAFE CONDUCTING OF OPERATIONS AT RAIL TRACKS." World of Transport and Transportation 15, no. 2 (April 28, 2017): 166–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2017-15-2-16.
Анотація:
[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT The article describes the methods of safe production of works on railway transport, including the monitoring system «Worker on tracks». Ways to control the technological process while servicing railway infrastructure devices, for example, signaling, centralization and blocking distance, in particular, the control method using radio frequency identification (RFID) technologies, are presented. The variant of modification of marking of devices and equipment is offered. The statistics of the state of labor protection at the range of the October Directorate of Infrastructure is presented. The use of innovations will reduce the number of accidents at work, increase the safety of operation of railways. In addition, a positive effect is achieved in the field of environmental safety. Keywords: work safety, occupational safety, RFID technology, maintenance, rail transport, monitoring.
16
Ustavich, G. A., E. A. Oleynikova, I. A. Mezentsev, A. S. Gorilko, E. V. Sitnikova, and R. R. Khannanov. "Technological scheme for determining geometric parameters of crane structures of engineering structures in the territories under construction." Vestnik SSUGT (Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies) 28, no. 5 (2023): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2411-1759-2023-28-5-14-24.
Анотація:
During the operation of mining deposits located on the territories under development, engineering structures as whole or individual building structures are subjected to deformation processes in the vertical and horizontal planes due to displacements of the Earth's surface. To ensure their normal opera-tion, it is necessary to perform a certain set of geodetic and surveying works with a given cycle to determine the deformation state of both the territories being worked on and the engineering structures located on them, as well as the technological equipment used. At the same time, the efficiency and reliability of the measurement results obtained largely depends on the accepted technological scheme for performing a set of works. In addition, the volume of geodetic measurements performed must comply with the requirements of regulatory documents. Such building structures of engineering structures include crane structures, including columns, crane beams and tracks. To determine their geometric parameters, the relevant regulatory documents regulate the measurement procedure. However, this recommended technique, firstly, is technologically outdated, secondly, its use in a number of cases does not provide the required measurement accuracy and, thirdly, does not allow performing the entire volume of engineering and geodetic measurements in the territories being worked on. The article presents a technological scheme for determining the geometric (deformation) parameters of crane structures with the use of total stations, which provides the required measurement accuracy and, depending on the current situation in the territories under construction, can be realized by the proposed scheme.
17
Panychev, A. Yu, O. D. Pokrovskaya, A. B. Nikitin, and V. Ya Solovyova. "A branch university on the frontier of technological sovereignty." Transport Technician: Education and Practice 3, no. 4 (December 1, 2022): 364–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.46684/2687-1033.2022.4.364-375.
Анотація:
The work is devoted to the study of the new role of the transport university in the conditions of anti-Russian sanctions. The paper raises such questions as “Is the politicization of science and education a challenge or a panacea? Forced deglobalization of university activities — a point of growth? The crisis for the industry is a time of opportunity?” It is shown that the mission of a modern university is leadership in the creation of fundamentally new equipment, technologies and human capital for transport.Materials from open Internet sources, tools of ecosystem and project approach, methods of system analysis, theory of synergetics and innovation management were used.The key scientific results of the work of PGUPS in 2022 aimed at ensuring the technological sovereignty of the Russian Federation are presented. The role of the scientific results obtained by PGUPS in the national economy in the following tracks is shown: new materials and technologies in construction; automation and digitalization; expert and scientific and methodological support for the implementation of large-scale transport projects; cooperation with academic and high-tech partners.It can be assumed that the intellectual potential of a branch university as a supplier of “engineering special forces” for solving engineering problems of global relevance can and should guarantee the breakthrough high-tech development of the domestic transport ecosystem.
18
Aporta, Claudio. "Routes, trails and tracks: Trail breaking among the Inuit of Igloolik." Études/Inuit/Studies 28, no. 2 (July 7, 2006): 9–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/013194ar.
Анотація:
Abstract Despite significant social, economic, and technological changes, travelling remains a significant part of people's lives in the community of Igloolik, in the territory of Nunavut, Canada. When the snow covers the land and the sea ice, travellers start breaking trails, some of which recreate routes that have been used by generations of Inuit. These routes belong to the individual and social memory of the community, and this knowledge affords people safe and reliable travel to hunting and fishing grounds and between communities. This paper analyzes the characteristics of routes traditionally used by the people of Igloolik and explores the differences between land routes and sea-ice routes, the role of the trail breaker, and the characteristics of oral descriptions of routes. Finally, it addresses the issue of how the perception of trails is changing due to generational differences and the use of new transportation technologies. The study of trails and routes reveals some significant features of the Inuit understanding of the Arctic environment, provides an indication of the history of land and sea use in the area, and shows how verbal descriptions of the territory in particular and oral knowledge in general may remain unchanged or with little variation through time.
19
Khan, Noor Mohmmed, Shubhangi Patil, Tushar Diggewadi, and Anand Gudnavar. "Cinch and Sterling Analog Circuits for Laboratory." International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering 6, no. 01 (June 25, 2017): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15662/ijareeie.2017.0601007.
Анотація:
As we know that there is ever increasing demand for compact circuits and less complex wirings over the board, a technological boon evolved for such demand is Printed Circuit Board (PCB). A PCB will mechanically supports and electrically connects electronic components using conductive tracks, pads. These boards will have minimal chances for short circuits, components on the board are fixed; another advantage is creation of multiple boards using single design. Taking this technology forward to our everyday life, we implemented analog communication laboratory circuit, Schmitt trigger.
20
Grytsenko, Volodymyr. "Species criteria in palaeontology and ichnology and the possibilities of using ichnofossils in geology." Novitates Theriologicae, no. 12 (June 16, 2021): 29–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.53452/nt1213.
Анотація:
Paleontology is a science between biology and geology thus paleontologists use both biological and geological approaches to solve different kinds of problems. One of the main issues for paleontologist is the use of species criteria and species identification. The fossil record shows evidence of evolution of separate phyla and the biosphere in general. A significant part of the biosphere is represented by soft-body animals. The marks of activities different animals have appeared in the fossil record at least from rocks of Ediacaran to modern age. They could be imprints of “sitting” or moving tracks (of invertebrates or vertebrates), evidence of birth (for instance, egg fragments), crawling traces of molluscs, etc. There are a plenty of issues regarding the identification of the nature of ichnofossils. Sometimes it is possible to identify animal species that left their traces or imprints. We observe ichnofossils on the surface and inside sedimentary rocks, but their identification is often impossible. Therefore, an artificial nomenclature is used for the naming of “species” of ichnofossils. Ichnofossils of different age and from various facial conditions are investigated on all continents. Ichnology as a relatively new branch of geology is developing due to the use of modern technological approaches.
21
Gundawar, Bavana, MD Qaviuddin, Lingalal Guguloth, Nikhil Pillamarapu, and Rajesh Thipparapu. "IoT Based Design and Implementation of Intelligent Energy Distribution Management with Photovoltaic System." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 1 (January 31, 2024): 1642–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.58251.
Анотація:
Abstract: The grid operators have difficulties as a result of the increasing penetration of renewable sources due to reduced environmental contamination. Unrestrained energy use will undoubtedly deepen environmental harm and accelerate global warming. A best practice for effectively managing energy use is energy management. IoT technology can be leveraged by technological advancements to facilitate energy management. This paper offers a novel way to energy management using a solar system and the Internet of Things (IoT). The suggested system tracks, evaluates, and optimizes solar power use in real time with the goal of increasing energy distribution's intelligence and efficiency. The project's goal is to build a net energy meter (NEM), a unique billing system that gives solar PV system owners credit for the entire retail value of the electricity their system produces. Under NEM, a customer's electric meter tracks how much energy they use as well as how much extra energy the system produces and feeds back into the electric utility grid.
22
Plugin, Andrii, Olga Borziak, Oleksii Plugin, Oksana Krykun, and Vladyslava Zinchenko. "DEVELOPMENT OF IDEAS ABOUT ELECTRICAL CORROSION OF RAILWAY TRACK STRUCTURES AND IMPROVEMENT OF THEIR PROTECTION METHODS USING ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE COMPOSITIONS." Collection of Scientific Works of the Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport, no. 204 (June 21, 2023): 35–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18664/1994-7852.204.2023.283877.
Анотація:
Research is devoted to the development of ideas about the mechanism of the flow of corrosion currents through the structures of railway tracks and buildings and the justification of methods of their protection against electrical corrosion. As a result of theoretical studies and field tests, the electric circuits of the leakage currents from the pulsating unidirectional electric potential of the POEP, which arise during the passage of the electric rolling stock along the electrified direct current railway tracks, have been clarified. Current carriers are installed in the elements and structures of the track and buildings. In concrete, soil, which are conductors of the second kind, these carriers are mainly cations Ca2+, Na+, anions OH-. It was found that in reinforced concrete sleepers, supports of passenger platforms due to the influence of POEP, zones of neutralization and leaching of concrete, cathode and anode zones of steel reinforcement are formed. Corresponding chemical and electrochemical reactions of leaching and carbonization of lime, oxidation of iron, etc. occur in these zones. It is proposed to prevent corrosion processes in these zones by diverting currents with grounded screens-coatings made of electrically conductive compositions based on mineral binders -Portland cement with a complex chemical additive or sodium silicate and a filler - dispersed graphite. The proposed indicator of the effectiveness of these screens-coatings, which is the degree of reduction of the current strength through the structure. As a result of experimental studies, it was established that it depends on the share of the contact area of the steel grounding device with the screen from the area of the screen itself, and the corresponding dependencies were obtained. New methods of protecting track structures and structures from electrical corrosion are substantiated, and appropriate structural and technological solutions are developed.
23
Sazanishvili, Z., and I. Verner. "Influence of parameters of molding by the selective laser melting method on product quality." Collection of Research Papers of the National Mining University 73 (June 2023): 126–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/crpnmu/73.126.
Анотація:
Purpose. The development and application of additive technologies, which have a high rate of material utilization and significant production flexibility in the case of single and small-scale production, are relevant for solving various types of engineering problems. The final mechanical, technological and operational characteristics of products obtained by additive technologies are affected by a large number of initial parameters that can be varied in order to obtain the necessary properties of the material. The purpose of this work is to study the influence of the parameters of shape formation by the method of selective laser melting, in particular the scanning plan, on the quality of the material and the productivity of production. The methods. To achieve the goal, studies of the microstructure of products obtained by different scanning plans were carried out using optical microscopy, during which the shape of a single track, as well as the structure of the material in different directions of the laser beam, were analyzed. Findings. The effect of particle size, the mechanism of formation of a metal product during selective laser melting is analyzed. The influence of the scanning plan on the porosity, strength, and productivity of manufacturing by the method of selective laser melting is shown. The correct choice of technological parameters, such as the power and speed of the laser beam, the thickness of the metal powder layer, the scanning step between two adjacent single tracks, ensures the minimization of the number and size of defects (pores, cracks, shells) in the product material. The originality. The process of metal powder melting in the process of shaping products by the method of selective laser melting is analyzed. The scheme of formation of a single track is obtained in the case of choosing different scanning schemes. A list of technological parameters, the variation of which affects the properties and quality of the product, has been formed. Practical implementation. The use of additive technologies for the molding of products in single and small-batch production allows to reduce the time of production preparation and reduce the amount of waste. When choosing technological parameters, one should understand their dependence on the final properties of the finished product, because the method of selective laser melting allows to obtain products of different porosity, strength and other properties.
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Zheludkevitch, A. M., and S. L. Zayarny. "Rail Track for Light Rail Transit Systems." World of Transport and Transportation 20, no. 5 (April 10, 2023): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2022-20-5-2.
Анотація:
The analysis of the well-known designs and technologies for manufacture of rail tracks for light rail transit (LRT) allows to assess trends in development of this type of transportation, as well as to reveal an underestimation of public rail transport referring to the existing «tendency to eliminate tram traffic» in several Russian cities, despite the problems of urban ground passenger transport associated with a limited resource of urban space.The prospects for development of urban ground passenger transport systems of LRT type were considered regarding adoption of new types of rolling stock, infrastructure development, reduction of costs and time of renewal of existing and construction of new tracks.The objective of this article is to present an option of a rail track design for LRT considering its structural and technological features, as well as comparative assessment of its technical and economic indicators. The research method is based on the analysis of the current state, prospects, and trends in development of LRT in Russia, which made it possible to propose a solution to the existing problem of urban passenger transport. Research was reflected in relevant patents, in pending applications for alleged inventions, as well as in experience of manufacturing full-scale samples.Comparative assessment referred to the known designs of sleeper and sleeperless, ballast and ballastless track used for light rail transit.A prefabricated, two-level structure of a ballastless rail track for light rail transit is suggested. The design consists of a pile foundation with superposed longitudinal sleeper track connected by transverse braces. The design and technological features, as well as advantages of the proposed design in terms of essential indicators are shown in comparison with the known rail track designs for light rail transit. It is shown that the proposed track design makes it possible to develop a self-sufficient, self-organising logistics system and to quickly proceed with permanent construction, processing passenger traffic and cargo flows. Since the concept of «from infrastructure to facility» is replaced by the concept of «from facility to infrastructure», it allows development of the facility to outpace development of transport infrastructure, as a costly system with a distant payback.
25
Pokrovskaya, Oksana D. "Development of the university’s reputation mechanism." Alma mater. Vestnik Vysshey Shkoly, no. 8 (August 2023): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.20339/am.08-23.008.
Анотація:
Purpose: The paper explores the new role of business reputation in the formation of competitiveness of a modern university. Methods: Open Internet data, tools of ecosystem and project approach, methods of system analysis, theory of synergetics and innovation management were used. Results: The definition of “business reputation” and “goodwill” of the university was analyzed. It is shown that the reputation mechanism of the university in the context of a new geopolitical agenda and challenges to national technological sovereignty can and should become an applied tool for the transformation of domestic universities in all development tracks. Practical significance: a graphical model of the university's reputation mechanism is proposed as a set of measures to build a sustainable impact model of the university based on ecology, social policy and corporate governance. The implementation of the activities of the reputation mechanism will become a driver for the key tracks of the university’s policies and projects based on, on the one hand, media activity (both individual employees and departments, and the rector), and increasing the added value of services on the other hand.
26
Jakubovičová, L., P. Kopas, M. Vaško, and M. Handrik. "Technical solution of the modern conveyor system." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1199, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1199/1/012031.
Анотація:
Abstract The modern conveyor system finds its place in industrial automation. It offers a full and diverse range of custom conveyor solutions and types. Aluminium profiles offer huge range of different sizes. Conveyors are useful to move materials and smooth transfer along the tracks. Therefore, this paper aimed to designed conveyor system using by aluminium profiles. The aim of the paper is to point out the issue of modularity of our designed conveyor system through design and technological parameters that directly affect its use for the needs of practice. They can be installed almost anywhere, and they transport loads of all shapes, sizes and weights.
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Vakulenko, S. P., D. Yu Romensky, and K. A. Kalinin. "Typification of Projects for Development of High-Speed Rail." World of Transport and Transportation 21, no. 3 (November 17, 2023): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2023-21-3-8.
Анотація:
The emerging demand for improving consumer parameters of rail passenger transport leads to the need to build a dedicated railway infrastructure for passenger trains with speeds exceeding in some sections 250 km/h. The high capital intensity of dedicated infrastructure development projects imposes significant restrictions on their scope and financial feasibility. The geographically determined location of urban agglomerations in European and Asian countries has led to formation of many approaches to the routing of lines for high-speed passenger transportation.The projects for development of dedicated high-speed railways being developed in various countries differ in their technical, technological, and operational characteristics. The use of different approaches has led to different efficiency of the passenger traffic, expressed in the demand of passengers for transportation.A structural analysis of existing high-speed transportation projects allowed revealing general patterns of their development. By the number of operational tasks arising with regard to movement of trains, the phases of traffic development were divided into linear, treelike and network stages. Thus, when moving from the linear structure of a high-speed rail, an additional problem arises of trains passing from the main track to the secondary one. The transition to the network stage can result in emergence of parallel passages rail tracks between urban agglomerations.To generalise the experience of operating high-speed systems in the world, the article describes the developed method that allows comparing different projects for organising high-speed rail with each other. The comparison is made according to the main characteristics of traffic: travel time between separation points, the traffic speed, the total length of the railway line. Identification of the patterns inherent in various projects for development of high-speed rail will make it possible to compare their technological parameters, to identify the scope of rational use of high-speed lines and areas of competition with other core types of transport.
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Alexander Yu., Panychev, and Oksana D. Pokrovskaya. "The role of a modern University in the formation of technological sovereignty of the country." Alma mater. Vestnik Vysshey Shkoly, no. 4 (April 2023): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20339/am.04-23.011.
Анотація:
Purpose: The paper explores the new role of a modern university in the formation of technological sovereignty of the country. Answers are given to the questions: “Is technological sovereignty real in principle? Is a modern university ready to defend technological sovereignty?” It is shown that the mission of a modern university is leadership in the creation of fundamentally new equipment, technologies and human capital. Methods: Open Internet data, tools of ecosystem and project approach, methods of system analysis, theory of synergetics and innovation management were used. Results: A critical analysis of the “bottlenecks” of the university’s development in a volatile economy has been carried out. The problems and priorities of the development of a modern university in the context of a challenge to technological sovereignty are noted. The prerequisites for the institutional transformation of education and the features of the products of a modern university relevant to the dictates of time are considered. The model of research and development management in the Russian Federation is characterized. Practical significance: the features of the multidimensional role of the fourth generation university in the mechanism of achieving technological sovereignty are noted. The possible scenarios for the implementation of the technological sovereignty of the country and the industry, as well as the features of launching innovations in new conditions are described. New tracks of development of a modern university are shown. It is noted that a modern university is a “country of tomorrow” in terms of material and technical, educational and laboratory facilities, innovative environment, support for young scientists, preservation of traditions and increment of values. It is proved that only the presence of all these components will provide conditions both for the qualitative evolution of the university and for achieving the technological sovereignty of the country as a whole.
29
Osipov, A. F. "Carbon Dioxide Emission from the Soil Surface of the 10-Year Felled Area of the Pine Forest in the European North-East of Russia." Почвоведение, no. 9 (September 1, 2023): 1049–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0032180x23600087.
Анотація:
Experimental data on soil respiration are need for estimating role of industrial logging on carbon cycle of forest ecosystems. Investigations were carried out during snowless periods 2019–2021 years on felled area of pine forest 10 years after clear cutting (Komi Republic, Russia). The soil type is a Gleyic Folic Albic Podzol (Arenic). Emission CO2 was measured by LI COR 8100. The characteristic of weather conditions and soil temperature dynamic at 10 cm depth were given. The weather conditions were strongly influenced on soil respiration rate. More intensive CO2 flux from soil surface was observed in warm summer with insufficient precipitation. The mean month CO2 emission was less by 1.3–1.9 times in apiaries, parts of felled area with low soil cover damages, comparing to skidding tracks where logged trees were extracted. The significant positive correlation (R2 = 0.12–0.86) was detected between soil temperature at 10 cm depth and soil respiration investigated technological elements. A reliable interrelation between CO2 flux and moisture of forest floor was observed in skidding tracks in a year with abundant precipitation while in a dryer year it wasn’t. It is differ from apiaries where found reverse dependencies. Apiaries emitted in atmosphere 303–379 g С m–2 with soil respiration during snowless period, skidding tracks – 419–573 g С m–2 which is 60–75 tons of CO2 in terms of the area of the entire felled area (5 ha). The growing season formed most part (86–90%) of carbon efflux from May to October and input of summertime was 56–65%. The data obtained will serve to determine the role of timber harvesting in the carbon cycle of taiga forests.
30
Tsvetkova, Marina. "New Forms of Work with Juniors in the International Environment of Olympiad Informatics." Profession-Oriented School 10, no. 4 (September 22, 2022): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1998-0744-2022-10-4-16-19.
Анотація:
The article describes the problem of creating an accessible Olympiad environment to support the creativity of students in grades 5-10 based on digital programming competencies and digital project tracks in specialized subjects based on international experience in partnership with the participating countries of the International Olympiad in Informatics (IOI).
The infrastructure of the International Junior School of Informatics (ISIJ) and the organizational and technological model of the Olympiad environment are presented as an online network of reference sites in the regions of Russia and partner countries of the Olympiad environment not only for participation in the ISIJ Cup, but also for the systematic preparation of students and coaches to participate in the international level Olympiad movement.
31
KOZACHENKO, D., M. BEREZOVYI, V. MALASHKIN, and S. BORYCHEVA. "FEATURES OF CALCULATION OF THE REQUIRED QUANTITY OF GRAIN TERMINAL TRACKS IN SEA PORTS IN MODERN CONDITIONS." Transport systems and transportation technologies, no. 22 (December 28, 2021): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/tstt2021/247886.
Анотація:
Purpose. Ukraine is one of the world's five largest producers of grain crops. Much of the grain is exported. Traditionally, grain cargoes are exported through the western land crossings and seaports of the Black and Azov Seas, with the bulk of grain exports going through the port of Nikolaev and the ports of Greater Odessa. Rail transport provides delivery to exporting ports up to 2/3 of the total volume of grain transshipment in ports. Given the significant number of operations in the general technological process of processing grain wagons in ports, the required capacity of technical equipment of railway transport (number of tracks, locomotives, weighing devices, etc.) plays a significant role in the duration of the transshipment process and total operating costs. In this regard, determining the required number of ways to service the flow of grain for export is an urgent task. Methods. Comprehensive analysis of technical equipment and technology of railway transport of grain terminals in seaports, statistical analysis, graph-analytical modeling. Results. Based on the processing of statistics on the delay of wagons due to commercial marriages with grain cargo in the seaport, the conditional division of detained wagons due to and, consequently, the duration of delay of wagons into long and short. The characteristics of random values of the delay of the car are established and the dependence of the number of detained cars on the value of the total car traffic with grain cargo entering the transshipment is obtained. For short-term delays it is a polynomial dependence of the second degree, for long-term delays it is characterized by exponential dependence. Based on research, an additional track capacity has been established for the sedimentation of detained cars and recommendations have been developed for the number of such tracks and their length. Based on the rationing of the duration of shunting operations with delayed wagons, an additional working fleet of shunting locomotives for servicing delayed wagons was determined and recommendations for the location of wagon scales for commercial weighing of wagons in the process of processing grain wagons in the port. Practical significance. The obtained results can be used to determine the number of tracks and the total capacity of grain terminals in seaports. The duration of additional shunting operations to service the detained cars allows to clarify the calculation of the required locomotive fleet of grain terminals.
32
Godzhaev, Zahid Adygezalovich, Aleksandr Vladimirovich Lavrov, Aleksandr Vadimovich Rusanov, and Mikhail Gennadyevich Zagoruiko. "Mathematical model for assessing the shortage of crops from overconsolidation of the soil by the movers of agricultural machines." Agrarian Scientific Journal, no. 9 (September 28, 2021): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2021i9pp81-86.
Анотація:
The researches of impact assessment of agricultural machines’ movers are done in all countries with the use of mobile energy vehicles, which are used for the rolling of the soil with different multiplicity of passes through the fields. Mathematical model is developed taking into account the adding of arable and subsurface layers’ impact on field productivity. It allows one to predict the yield of crops based on impact of agricultural vehicles that perform technological operations, taking into account the width of the track, width of the unit and overlap area. Method of correct determination of indicators of mathematical model is developed. It includes adjustment of the density of the soil layer 0-40 cm and maximum yield value, the exponent of the model. It also includes determination of the coefficients included in it the transformed equation, which corresponds to the mathematical model, after substitution of these indicators in it. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the pressure of the rear tyres of the beet harvester RKM-6 reduction is performed. The pressure became lower by replacing the tires 21,3-24 on the tires 21,3-26 with data on the change in the soil density in 0-20 and 20-40 cm layers where the RKM-6’s tracks.
33
Raheem qasim, Kian, Yousif I. Al Mashhadany, and Esam T. Yassen. "An Analysis Review: Optimal Trajectory for 6-DOF-based Intelligent Controller in Biomedical Application." Iraqi Journal for Computers and Informatics 49, no. 1 (June 11, 2023): 66–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.25195/ijci.v49i1.405.
Анотація:
With technological advancements and the development of robots have begun to be utilized in numerous sectors, including industrial, agricultural, and medical. Optimizing the path planning of robot manipulators is a fundamental aspect of robot research with promising future prospects. The precise robot manipulator tracks can enhance the efficacy of a variety of robot duties, such as workshop operations, crop harvesting, and medical procedures, among others. Trajectory planning for robot manipulators is one of the fundamental robot technologies, and manipulator trajectory accuracy can be enhanced by the design of their controllers. However, the majority of controllers devised up to this point were incapable of effectively resolving the nonlinearity and uncertainty issues of high-degree freedom manipulators in order to overcome these issues and enhance the track performance of high-degree freedom manipulators. Developing practical path-planning algorithms to efficiently complete robot functions in autonomous robotics is critical. In addition, designing a collision-free path in conjunction with the physical limitations of the robot is a very challenging challenge due to the complex environment surrounding the dynamics and kinetics of robots with different degrees of freedom (DoF) and/or multiple arms. The advantages and disadvantages of current robot motion planning methods, incompleteness, scalability, safety, stability, smoothness, accuracy, optimization, and efficiency are examined in this paper.
34
Luzyanin, Sergey G. "China – USA: Model 2023. The “Managed Conflict” or Global Split?" Asia and Africa Today, no. 2 (2023): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s032150750024431-6.
Анотація:
The article highlights contemporary Sino-American relations in key areas of interaction. The main attention is focused on the analysis of the key reasons for the deterioration of bilateral ties, including the effect of the inevitable aggravation of contradictions and conflicts between the “outgoing” superpower (USA) and the new, rising one (PRC). The author explores the trade, economic, political and ideological tracks in the established “China – USA” model until 2012, and its evolution after Xi Jinping came to power in the context of China’s peaceful geopolitical rise, its technological growth, and the gradual transformation of the PRC from the “factory of the world” to the economy of high technologies. The article examines the key parameters of Sino-American relations with an emphasis on highlighting the results of the “trade war” of 2017–2021 and its development into “technological wars” of 2022–2023, features of the current agenda of the United States and China, including contradictions on the global economic recession, the problem of Taiwan, nuclear proliferation in North Korea and Iran, as well as the role of Russia and China’s position on the Russian NVO and the Ukrainian crisis.
35
Guo, Tiebin, Jia Sun, Yunjing Liu, Jingbo Hu, and Xiaozhuo Guan. "Research on the Development Strategy of China's Electric Power Enterprises under the Background of Innovation Drive." SHS Web of Conferences 170 (2023): 02027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202317002027.
Анотація:
The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that improving the scientific and technological innovation system, stimulating innovation vitality, accelerating the implementation of innovation-driven development strategies, promoting the deep integration of the innovation chain, industry chain, capital chain, and talent chain, opening up new fields and new tracks for development, and constantly shaping development New kinetic energy and new advantages.This paper studies and sorts out the new opportunities and existing problems of electric power enterprises, and analyze the necessity of adopting a diversified strategic development. The study believes that under the situation of continuous advancement of power reform, whether the development strategy adapts to the situation of the times will have a direct impact on the economic and social benefits of power companies.
36
Charpentier, Jean-Claude. "In the frame of globalization, some tracks for the future of chemical and process engineering." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly 12, no. 2 (2006): 87–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq0602087c.
Анотація:
In today's economy, chemical engineering must respond to the changing needs of the chemical process industry in order to meet market demands. The evolution of chemical engineering is necessary to remain competitive in global trade. The ability of chemical engineering to cope with managing complex systems met in scientific and technological problems is addressed in this paper. Chemical Engineering is vital for sustainability: to satisfy both the market requirements for specific end-use properties of products and the social and environmental constraints of industrial-scale processes. An integrated system approach of complex multidisciplinary, non-linear non-equilibrium processes and phenomena occurring on different length and time scales is required. This will be obtained due to breakthroughs in molecular modeling, scientific instrumentation and related signal processing and powerful computational tools. The future of chemical engineering can be summarized by four main objectives: (1) Increase productivity and selectivity through intensification of intelligent operations and a multiscale approach to processes control; (2) Design novel equipment based on scientific principles and new production methods: process intensification using multifunctional reactors and microengineering and microtechnology (3) Extend chemical engineering methodology to product design and engineering using the "triplet 3PE molecular Processes-Product-Process Engineering" approach; (4) Implement multiscale application of computational chemical engineering modeling and simulation to real-life situations from the molecular scale to the production scale.
37
Naumov, V. В., та E. A. Prosvirin. "Analysis of State-Business Interaction in the Oil аnd Gas Industry Against the Backdrop оf Sanctions Pressure in 2022: Challenges аnd Opportunities". Humanities and Social Sciences. Bulletin of the Financial University 13, № 3 (17 серпня 2023): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-3-141-151.
Анотація:
The article deals with the interaction between Russian government institutions and the oil and gas business against the background of unprecedented sanctions pressure from the collective West. It considers how the interaction between the actors takes place, what decisions are made to maintain the pace of development of the industry, and the scale of production and supply of hydrocarbon resources in connection with the technological and export restrictions. The possibilities and intermediate results of this interaction are assessed, and a hypothesis is put forward that the development of the oil and gas industry along all existing tracks depends on the efforts of joint work of political and economic actors in 2022 by analysing statements, information from open sources and changes in the regulatory framework.
38
Dzyubyk, Andrij, Liudmyla Dzyubyk, Yaroslav Zinko, and Oleh Dzhaliuk. "TECHNOLOGICAL FEATURES OF RESTORATION OF RIMS OF SUPPORT ROLLERS FOR TRACKED VEHICLES." Ukrainian Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science 9, no. 2 (2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/ujmems2023.02.001.
Анотація:
The use of tracked (caterpillar) vehicles enables us to meet the requirements concerning harmless impact upon the environment, the considerable amounts of work to be fulfilled being saved. In particular, as compared to wheeled vehicles, there is less pressure upon the ground; there is also the opportunity to work in specific conditions of marshy, sandy, and low-bearing soils; stable performance in hard climatic conditions, etc. is also possible there. A necessary and important part of the tracked vehicle is its special suspension. Such a suspension contributes to smoother motion of the mechanism, it also cushions shocks, and ensures transmission of motion from the engine to the tracks. Independently of the design of the suspension, there are always several couples of support rollers. These rollers make up the intermediate link between the mover and the carrier frame, they transmit not only great weight but also the created loading, they guide the tractor’s caterpillars, etc. In the course of their work, the support rollers of tracked vehicles experience intensive wear and tear of the outer surface of their rims. As a result, changing them is necessary; dismounted ones are to be repaired. The use of restorative technology through overlaying (building up) by means of the electric arc is considered in this paper. This enables us to ensure cost savings and to repair support rollers of hardly loaded track vehicles. It is also possible to increase their serviceability by optimizing the overlayed metal; in particular, by increasing the hardness of the overlayed layer and increasing its resistance against impact and abrasive wear. The weldability of the main metal of a support roller has been analyzed. It is shown that the use of high-carbon material complicates the conditions for overlaying the outer rim. It is necessary to use pre-heating to high temperatures. This reduces the tendency of the material to form hardening structures and cracks after the overlaying. Investigations of peculiarities of overlaying a cylindrical surface of the rim of a tractor’s roller have been conducted. In particular, the limit values of the length of a weld pool depending on the diameter (value of wear) of the overlayed rim of a roller have been determined. It is shown that it is necessary to carry out the displacement of the arc from the zenith. This ensures the necessary formation of the weld-pool and the absence of spreading of the metal overlayed on the rim. The determination of the value of heat input of overlaying a roller has been carried out, the heat input is considered as a function of parameters of the electrode wire. Verification calculation of the obtained values of specific power for the permissible length of the weld-pool has been conducted. Concretization of the obtained results was carried out by taking into account the optimal range and permissible rate of cooling in overlaying the main material of a support roller. According to special nomograms, the dependence between the rate of cooling and the heat input of overlaying has been established. Especially, there were investigated the temperature conditions during overlaying the weld beads. It is shown that heating the roller takes place at the expense of neighboring weld beads. It is established that in overlaying at the determined values of heat input (per unit length) there can be achieved the temperature of auto heating is sufficient for the pre-heating of a roller.
39
Golovnich, A. K. "INTEGRATED MODEL OF STATIONS WITH ADEQUATE 3D VISUALIZATION OF OBJECTS." World of Transport and Transportation 16, no. 2 (April 28, 2018): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2018-16-2-2.
Анотація:
For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version). ABSTRACT The author suggests a 3D model of a railway station, which is the closest to reality in terms of external perception and the essence of the processes. It is shown that an attempt to simplify model operations, not to take into account the technological links of individual processes, basing only on physical analogies, leads to development of non-functional reconstructions. This is a claimed system of model images that only can reproduce the dynamics of movement of cars along the station tracks, as well as can visualize the successive states of objects in their interaction. Keywords: 3D model, railway station, system of model images, physical processes, synergetic properties, empirical characteristics.
40
Lebedev, S., A. Korobko, A. Lebedev, and M. Shulyak. "Technological adaptation of general-purpose tractors to the natural conditions of tillage." Technical and technological aspects of development and testing of new machinery and technologies for agriculture of Ukraine 1, no. 33(47) (2023): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31473/2305-5987-2023-2-33(47)-5.
Анотація:
Purpose of the study. The purpose of the article is to research methods of technological adaptation of general-purpose tractors under different natural tillage conditions. In order to achieve the set goal, the following tasks must be solved: the change in traction power of the tractor depending on the humidity of the soil being cultivated was investigated; the effect of tractor wheel drives on the soil was studied; the change of the operational power of the tractor depending on the length of the run was investigated. Research methods. The method of partial tests, field tests, and statistical processing of measurement results was used. The results of the study. It was established that with a 1% increase in soil moisture against the long-term average, the specific resistance of the tillage unit increases by 1-2 %, and the traction power of the tractor decreases by approximately 2%. With a 1% decrease in soil moisture compared to the long-term average, the traction properties of the tractor remain unchanged. According to the results of the analysis of the values of the soil density indicator in the track of the tractor wheels, it is shown that the wheels of the rear axle compact the soil more intensively at depth, exceeding this indicator of the control section at a depth of 10 cm by 10%, and at a depth of 50 cm – by 7,6 cm. thus, soil hardness increases by 2,23 and 1,35 times, respectively. At a soil depth of 0-50 cm, the density of the soil in the track of the wheels of the rear axle increases by 0,76 times, and the hardness by 1,35 times. This is facilitated by the "galloping" effect of the tractor during the race, which is a consequence of the vertical dynamic loads and accelerations of the tractor axles, which differ in value and instability. It was established that in the intervals of working speeds and traction modes of the tractor, engine power and weight of the tractor on single wheels change by 1,93 and 1,35 times, respectively. An increase in the torque adaptability factor from 1.2 to 1.4 reduces the engine's nominal operating power by 1,18 times on plowing and 1,15 times on plowless deep and surface tillage. The given data indicate significant differences in the optimal mass-energy parameters of tractors for each group's most effective performance of related operations for a certain length of the run. Changing the drive length class increases the number of optimal tractor sizes. Conclusion. The technological adaptation of the tractor is evaluated by its adaptability to the natural conditions of tillage, which include moisture, density, hardness, and geometric properties of the soil surface, as well as the length of the furrow. The instability of soil properties under the influence of wheel drives and changes in tillage depth has been experimentally proven. The influence of the furrow length and the type of tillage on the operational properties of the tillage unit is systematized. Key words: tractor, general purpose, technological adaptation, natural conditions, soil properties, furrow length, soil treatment.
41
Grabušić, Silvestar, and Danijela Barić. "A Systematic Review of Railway Trespassing: Problems and Prevention Measures." Sustainability 15, no. 18 (September 18, 2023): 13878. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151813878.
Анотація:
Railway trespassing is a growing problem in both rail and road transport. A high percentage of rail accidents are a result of the former. Factors that contribute to trespassing accidents range from poor decision-making by the trespasser and general ignorance of rail traffic rules to poor infrastructure (e.g., a lack of fences along tracks to prevent trespassing). The objective of this study was to provide a systematic review of the known literature on the problem of trespassing on railway tracks. The methodology implemented for literature collection was in accordance with the PRISMA method. The literature was searched using keywords: railway trespassing, railway trespassing accidents, trespassing factors, trespassing prevention, railway trespassing detection, and railway trespassing education in the Web of Science Core Collection and an additional search was conducted through other literature databases. The starting point was the collection of n = 291 studies of which a total of 72 publications were included in the literature review ranging between 1953–2023. The literature review consisted of 73.6% journal papers, 18.1% conference papers, and 8.3% expert reports. The results were the formation of: (1) Factors that influence the occurrence of trespassing accidents: (a) locations of frequent railway trespassing, (b) the temporal frequency of railway trespassing, (c) trespasser profile and behaviour, (d) motivation for and general knowledge of railway trespassing, and (e) other factors and models for railway trespassing accidents; (2) Measures for trespassing prevention: (a) education measures, (b) signalization, technological and infrastructure measures for trespassing prevention, and (c) pilot studies of railway trespassing preventive measures. The main findings were summarised and discussed with considerations for future work.
42
Gao, Lizhen, and Yanfen Lin. "The Application of Particle Swarm Optimization in Neural Networks." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2278, no. 1 (May 1, 2022): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2278/1/012027.
Анотація:
Abstract The birth of the neural network model has provided a technological platform for the development of various industries. Among them, the branch network scientific research management model represented by the scientific research field is particularly profitable. China’s traditional research management system has been unable to meet the requirements of the present era and the management system reform is imperative. Therefore, based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), this dissertation studies the neural network model based on the prerequisite that the branch network research management system retains the advantages of the traditional model. It tracks the optimal value of current search through cross and mutation. The optimal solution value is finally determined by solving the relationship between particle weight and inertia weight. In the final test, we establish the feasibility of the program.
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Philippov, V. P., V. V. Alekseev, and S. A. Vasiliev. "Taking into account terrain slopes when constructing optimized trajectories of agricultural machinery." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 981, no. 3 (February 1, 2022): 032006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/981/3/032006.
Анотація:
Abstract The process of optimizing the trajectories of soil cultivation and forage harvesting equipment across the field should, as much as possible, take into account and adapt to the features of the field relief. Moreover, a number of technological operations generally cannot be carried out without taking into account the slopes of the terrain, since the process may run counter to agrotechnical requirements. The analysis of various approaches to accounting for the relief, the cultivated agricultural landscape, made it possible to generalize the most important features that have reserves for optimization. Algorithms have been developed that, taking into account the magnitude of the slopes in a given field, determine the trajectories of the vehicle and optimize the time and fuel consumption. The construction of tracks for single work, group work on individual paddocks, group work by a link, incl. on the paddocks.
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Et.al, Makhamad MirakhmedovichMirakhmedov. "Sand Drift and Measures to Mitigate Its Impact on the Railway Track." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 3 (April 10, 2021): 3156–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i3.1554.
Анотація:
This research provides an analytical review of measures to mitigate the impact of winds and flow on a railway track based on publications in English, Russian, French, Chinese and Spanish, identifies general and specific experience in the application of measures in a socio-geographical context, consistently sets out their physical and technical characteristics and advantages and disadvantages of technological solutions, identified prospects for further research to improve their technical, technological and economic efficiency.
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Zhang, Muhui. "Cooperation on Transboundary Fine Dust: Revisiting Korea's Prudential Environmental Diplomacy Toward China and Its Policy Effectiveness." Asian Perspective 47, no. 3 (June 2023): 489–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/apr.2023.a905235.
Анотація:
Abstract: In this article, I investigate Korea's prudential environmental diplomacy with China regarding transboundary fine dust pollution from the perspective of Korea's disadvantageous position vis-à-vis China due to the ambiguity of pollution responsibilities and geopolitical constraints. Against this backdrop, Korea has tactically exercised prudential environmental diplomacy toward China in dual tracks. First, it has taken a "high-profile" stance in engaging with and socializing China into bilateral and multilateral frameworks and endeavors to align its environmental interests with those of China via scientific and technological cooperation. Second, Korea has undertaken a cautious procedure and is not pressuring China by pursuing legal-binding approaches immediately. I see a "mixed success" of Korea's environmental engagement with China and appraise Korea's policy flexibility and pragmatism.
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Dudin, Mikhail N., Sergey V. Shkodinsky, and Daler I. Usmanov. "Digital sovereignty of Russia: barriers and new development tracks." Market Economy Problems, no. 2 (2021): 30–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33051/2500-2325-2021-2-30-49.
Анотація:
Subject/Topic. The article is devoted to the study of the concept, parameters, barriers and scenarios for ensuring the digital sovereignty of the Russian Federation in the era of Industry 4.0. Methodology. To study the concept of digital sovereignty as a scientific shortage, the authors used general scientific methods (observation, comparison, measurement, analysis and synthesis, the method of logical reasoning), when conducting an analytical study of indicators of the digital maturity of the national economy of the Russian Federation, the dynamics of high-tech challenges and threats specific scientific methods were used (static analysis, expert assessments, graphical method), to form scenarios of the future trajectory of the development of digital sovereignty, methods of strategic management – SWOT analysis, PEST analysis, Foresight tools. The validity and reliability of the results of scientific research is ensured by the correctness and rigor of the construction of the logic and research scheme. Scientific and applied research of Russian and foreign scientists in the field of innovative development, digital economy and public administration was used as a methodological and fundamental basis for the study. The initial statistical data for the analysis were taken from open sources of thematic reviews and analytical reports of the consulting agencies VC.RU, the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation, the Skolkovo Research Center, Digital IQ, PWC, statistical collections of the Higher School of Economics and Rosstat. Results. Currently, digital sovereignty is considered from a political, economic and technological point of view, which determines the presence of a pluralism of points of view on its meaningful definition in the scientific literature. The authors propose to understand by digital sovereignty the criterion of sustainability of the architecture of a socio-economic business model in front of external and internal digital challenges and threats of various origins, as well as its ability to adapt and proactively protect its own interests in the digital sphere. The development of the digital sovereignty of the Russian Federation is presented according to four scenarios: 1st – the Russian Federation is unable to build an effective national infrastructure and is dependent on these groups, digital sovereignty has become an object and means of influence of world leaders on the behavior of entire states and allied formations, an emphasis on military the political role of digital sovereignty; 2nd – the Russian Federation joins the digital infrastructure to the Asian group, and the Chinese conglomerate pursues a policy of soft absorption with the gradual assimilation of the cultural and value paradigms of the population into non-Chinese paradigms; 3rd – the collapse of the oligo-polistic power, the FAMGA group (USA) and the BAT group (China), the entire world economy is being reshaped into autonomous digital ecosystems that build relationships among themselves on the principles of win-win partnership; 4th – the USA, EU, Russia is actively developing digital infrastructure in Asia, Africa, South America to form a new colonial system built on the basis of digital technologies. Conclusions/Relevance. As part of the scientific study, it was found that the digital sovereignty of the state directly depends on the level of digital maturity of the national economy and the digital responsibility of society's behavior. Taking into account the passage of the global economic system to the point of no return – the onset of the era of Industry 4.0 - the issue of ensuring the digital sovereignty of the state is becoming a new priority in the agenda for future development. Application. The results obtained in the process of scientific research can be used by the authorities and management as a theoretical and practical basis for making appropriate decisions in the field of improving the processes of digital transformation of various levels of society, and by business representatives – for adjusting business development strategies based on taking into account relevant digital challenges and threats.
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Brüning, Oliver, Heather Gray, Katja Klein, Mike Lamont, Meenakshi Narain, Richard Polifka, and Lucio Rossi. "The scientific potential and technological challenges of the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider program." Reports on Progress in Physics 85, no. 4 (March 29, 2022): 046201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6633/ac5106.
Анотація:
Abstract We present an overview of the High-Luminosity (HL-LHC) program at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), its scientific potential and technological challenges for both the accelerator and detectors. The HL-LHC program is expected to start circa 2027 and aims to increase the integrated luminosity delivered by the LHC by an order of magnitude at the collision energy of 14 TeV. This requires upgrades to the injector system, accelerator complex and luminosity levelling. The two experiments, ATLAS and CMS, require substantial upgrades to most of their systems in order to cope with the increased interaction rate, and much higher radiation levels than at the current LHC. We present selected examples based on novel ideas and technologies for applications at a hadron collider. Both experiments will replace their tracking systems. We describe the ATLAS pixel detector upgrade featuring novel tilted modules, and the CMS Outer Tracker upgrade with a new module design enabling use of tracks in the level-1 trigger system. CMS will also install state-of-the-art highly segmented calorimeter endcaps. Finally, we describe new picosecond precision timing detectors of both experiments. In addition, we discuss how the upgrades will enhance the physics performance of the experiments, and solve the computing challenges posed by the expected large data sets. The physics program of the HL-LHC is focused on precision measurements probing the limits of the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics and discovering new physics. We present a selection of studies that have been carried out to motivate the HL-LHC program. A central topic of exploration will be the characterization of the Higgs boson. The large HL-LHC data samples will extend the sensitivity of searches for new particles or new interactions whose existence has been hypothesized in order to explain shortcomings of the SM. Finally, we comment on the nature of large scientific collaborations.
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SAZANISHVILI, Z. V. "INVESTIGATION OF THE STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF FERROUS NICKEL ALLOYS AFTER MOLDING BY SELECTIVE LASER MELTING." Physical Metallurgy and Heat Treatment of Metals, no. 2 (101) (October 21, 2023): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.30838/j.pmhtm.2413.040723.73.987.
Анотація:
Problem statement. The selective laser melting method is a promising technology for the production of parts from heat-resistant alloys. Traditional methods of manufacturing such parts require additional technological equipment and processing, which increases the time of production preparation and, as a result, to the creation of a large number of raw materials. Selective laser melting allows you to produce parts of a complex configuration without the need for additional equipment. Molding of parts using additive technologies, which ensure a reduction in product preparation time, mechanical processing operations, and an increase in the efficiency of material use. Their application in the technological cycle of manufacturing products is an urgent task today. However, before the introduction into the technological process of forming products from heat-resistant alloys by the selective laser melting method, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the mechanical and technological characteristics of the material and its microstructure, which affects the final properties of the parts. The purpose of the article. Investigation of the possibility of implementing the selective laser melting method for the production of parts from strong alloys, analysis of the mechanical characteristics of the material, as well as the microstructure, which affects the final properties of the parts. Conclusions. Studies have shown that the selective laser melting method is effective for the production of complex parts from heat-resistant alloys. The obtained data on the mechanical properties after heat treatment of the Inconel718 alloy demonstrate its compliance with the requirements of the AMS 5662 standard and its suitability for working under extreme conditions. In the microstructure, highlighted features are revealed, which are characteristic of the selective laser melting method, as well as the presence of visible tracks and a special texture − elongated grains in the direction of growing parts. Research points to the potential of additive technologies in improving technological processes and properties of alloys for the production of heat-resistant alloy parts.
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Wu, Jun. "Study on the Integration of Vocational Education Qualifications in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay from the Perspective of Technological Logic." International Journal of Education and Humanities 9, no. 3 (July 25, 2023): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ijeh.v9i3.10314.
Анотація:
Qualification integration is the key to building a modern vocational education system. This study firstly analyzes the necessity of vocational education qualification integration in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. Secondly, it traces the technical theories of vocational education qualification integration from the perspectives of technological philosophy, technological practice, technological tools, and technological complexity. Then, based on the comparison of institutional logic and technological logic, it explores the essence of vocational education qualification integration in the Greater Bay Area from the perspective of technological logic. Finally, it proposes practical pathways for vocational education qualification integration in the Greater Bay Area, focusing on the integration of learning and training, integration of vocational and general education, and integration of course and certification.
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Lyukhter, A. B., K. A. Frolov, D. A. Kochuev, A. V. Zavitkov, and D. S. Gusev. "Distortion of AISI 1020 steel substrate in the process of laser cladding of E-300 powder material." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2077, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2077/1/012004.
Анотація:
Abstract The results of experimental studies to determine the effect of power during laser powder cladding on temperature deformations of the substrate at a constant cladding rate and the mass flow rate of the powder are presented. Steel 1020 was used as the substrate material, from which samples of sizes 90x90 mm and a thickness of 8 mm were made. Laser powder cladding was performed by using a wear-resistant powder E-300 on a robotic complex with an ytterbium fiber laser and a coaxial powder feed. Single tracks were applied to the sample by laser powder cladding using various parameters of technological modes. The amount of deformation of the substrate was estimated taking into account the depth of the mixing layer. The cladding mode is selected, which provides minimal temperature deformations, with maximum process performance.