Дисертації: "Gender"

1

Cooper, Danielle Jamilla. "Gendered Social Bonds and Gender Ideologies: Understanding the Gender Gap in Delinquency." NCSU, 2004. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-12132004-185137/.

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The purpose of the research is to evaluate whether a simple ?add gender and stir? approach with Hirschi?s social control theory can help explain gender differences or the gender gap in delinquency. I propose that incorporating traditional gender ideologies into the traditional ?add gender and stir? approach can help extend the theory and lead to a better understanding of the gender gap. Using data from the National Youth Survey, I empirically assess the differences in the levels (means) and the effects that attachment to family, commitment to school and/or a future career, and acceptance of traditional gender ideologies have on delinquency. The findings suggest that although Hirschi?s theory offers insight into why males and females engage in delinquent behavior, it does little to explain the gender gap in delinquency. Specifically, having ?stakes in conformity? curbs delinquency among both males and females. However, the data shows that these stakes in conformity do not help understand the gender gap per se. The findings also suggest that the acceptance of traditional gender ideologies play an important part in understanding the gender gap in delinquency because these ideologies promote delinquency among males but control female delinquency. These findings underscore arguments that the ?add gender and stir? approach to understanding the gender gap in delinquency is insufficient. Future research should continue to explore broad gender arguments derived from gender studies.

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2

Malm, Emelie. "Gender issues in school situations : - Gender and gender differences." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk och litteratur, SOL, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-13481.

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This essay takes a closer look at gender in connection to school and English as a second language. Through the works of a number of authors, the subject of gender is explained and there are explanations to how everyone takes part in the process of creating gender even as children. One section of the essay is about how teachers together with their students and colleagues can work with issues related to gender to create a more equal classroom, in order for everyone to have the same opportunities for a good future. The essay also includes a discussion of the results of a small-scale questionnaire-based research task carried out at an upper secondary school in Småland, in the south of Sweden. It investigates whether pupils at that particular school find themselves treated in different ways because of their sex. It also investigates if teachers find themselves treating their pupils differently and if so, on purpose. The reason for using a research is to connect the theory of the books to the reality in school.

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3

Bazán, Ramírez Aldo. "Regarding gender relations: Gender identity or gender interaction styles?" Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 1996. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/102283.

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This study discusses sorne assumptions from the social determinism in the construction of gender roles, gender-typed identities, and gender relarions inequities. Ir is proposed that gender sryles of interaction are relatively invariant forms or dispositions related ro specific contexts of social interaction. Iris not enough ro say that socialization factors such as the family, school, mass media, and rhe inirial social group relations generare a typed gender identity or gender seggregation, but it is also necessary ro make explicit how preferences, beliefs and interaction sryles are structured according ro rhose factors and how these interactive tendencies are built u pon social interaction situations as part of a developmental process.
En el presente trabajo se discuten algunos supuestos del determinismo social en la construcción de roles de género e identidades genéricas estereotipadas y de desigualdad en las relaciones intergéneros. Se propone que los estilos de interacción de los géneros se constituyen como formas o disposiciones relativamente invariantes en relación a contextos particulares de interacción social. No es suficiente afirmar que los factores de socialización y las primeras relaciones en grupo social, generan una identidad genérica estereotipada o de segregación de géneros, sino que es necesario también explicitar el cómo se estructuran preferencias, creencias y estilos de interacción de acuerdo a tales factores y, cómo estas tendencias interactivas se constituyen a partir de situaciones de interacción social y como proceso de desarrollo.

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4

Doucet, Andrea. "Gender equality, gender differences and care : towards understanding gendered labour in British dual earner households." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260429.

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5

Nasr, Maroun. "Gendered Game: Gender and gender imbalance in the gaming industry : How is the gender imbalance created and explained the Swedish Gaming firms?" Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279613.

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The low levels of gender diversity is an characteristic that is directly associated with the gaming industry. The gaming industry is multi-dollar business with huge influence on technological advancement and possesses a great power and influence over its users. It is in a position to shape how users view the world and how they interact with it. Studies within the field of gaming have previously showed that gaming can have a significant impact on children and adolescents’ behavior. Therefore, it becomes of great interest to examine how gender imbalance is created and how it is explained by the gaming firms. The study will examine these questions through a Swedish perspective. The methodology of this research paper can be divided into two main section. Firstly, a literature review was conducted to gather information about relevant theories, concepts and previous research. Thereafter, ten individuals working for different Swedish gaming companies were interviewed to gather their perspective and view on the topic. The results showed that the gaming firms explained the gender imbalance and how it is created through gender and societal norms. However, when discussing the structure of the company, culture and other practices, results indicated that the gaming firms play a larger contributing role to the imbalance through; male-dominated gender structures and cultures that makes it difficult for women to progress and feel belonged in the company, establishing requirements that exclude certain candidates, and by having a confused perceptive regarding the situation.
Den låga könsmångfalden är något som är direkt associerat med spelindustrin. Spelindustrin är en enorm industri som har stort inflyttande på teknisk utveckling samt har stort inflyttande över sina användare och kan forma hur de ser på världen och interagerar med den. Studier inom spelområdet har tidigare visat att spel kan ha en inflytande på barn och ungdomars beteende. Därför har det blivit ett stort intresse att undersöka hur könsubalans skapas och hur det förklaras av spelbolagen. Denna studie kommer att undersöka dessa frågor ur ett svenskt perspektiv. Metodiken för denna forskningsrapport kan delas in i två huvudavsnitt. Först genomfördes en litteraturstudie för att samla information om relevanta teorier, begrepp och tidigare forskning. Därefter intervjuades tio personer som arbetar inom svenska gaming bolag för att samla in deras perspektiv och syn på ämnet. Resultaten visade att spelföretagen förklarade obalansen mellan könen och hur det skapas genom köns- och samhällsnormer. Men när man diskuterade företagets struktur, kultur och andra aspekter, visade resultaten att spel bolagen har en större bidragande roll till obalansen än vad de själva tror. Dessa företag utformas av mansdominerade köns strukturer och kulturer som gör det svårt för kvinnor att utvecklas och känna sig del av företaget, formar krav som exkluderar vissa kandidater och så vidare som bidrar till en låg könsmångfald inom branschen.

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6

Goroshko, Olena. "Gender equity through gender teaching online." Thesis, Global University Network for Innovation, 2008. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/49014.

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Gender equity in higher education is more than putting women on equal footing with men. It is eliminating barriers to participation and stereotypes that limit the opportunities and choices for both sexes. Gender equity is about enriching classrooms, widening opportunities, and expanding choices for all students. And I consider that this supposition can be applied not only to the education but all rhetoric of everyday life. Thus, the goal of gender education is not only to provide students with proper knowledge, but deconstruct stereotypes in their thinking and behaviour. Hence, all courses about gender issues must be based on the principle “explain to me – and I will forget; show me – and I will remember; let me participate – and I will understand”. The teaching methodology in subject-orientated (gender) class first of all must be targeted at active student-centered learning (learning by doing and changing by learning).

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7

Filimon, Fasola Magdalena. "Gender segregated or gender integrated workgroups?" Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-30999.

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Malmö högskolaLärarutbildningenSkolutveckling och ledarskapVårterminen 2006 Filimon Fasola, Magdalena (2006) Könssegregerat eller könsintegrerat grupparbete? (Gender segregated or gender integrated workgroups?) Malmö: LärarutbildnnigenSyftet med examensarbetet var att undersöka vilken inställning till arbetet i könsintegrerade respektive könssegregerade grupper eleverna har i de klasser jag undervisade i under min vft. Undersökningen gjordes i två klasser, en sjua och en åtta. Arbetet avgränsades av tre frågeställningar:•Vilken inställning har eleverna till arbetet i könsintegrerade respektive könssegregerade grupper?•Har vanan att umgås med det motsatta könet utanför skolan någon betydelse för hur eleverna ser på arbetet i könsintegrerade respektive könssegregerade grupper?•Har gruppsammansättningen någon betydelse för hur eleverna arbetar?Arbetet grundar sig på litteraturstudier och en kvantitativ undersökning som består av en enkät.Min slutsats är att både pojkarna och flickorna i undersökningen föredrar könsintegrerade grupper.Nyckelord: Genus, grupparbete, könsintegration, könssegregationFörfattare: Magdalena Filimon FasolaHandledare: Elna Johansson
AbstractFilimon Fasola, Magdalena (2006) Gender segregated or gender integrated workgroups? The aim with the essay was to investigate what is the attitude that pupils in the classes I was teacher to during my practice have regarding gender integrated respective gender segregated workgroups. The investigation was made in two classes, a seventh and an eight. The study was limited by three questions:•What is the attitude that pupils have regarding gender integrated respective gender segregated workgroups?•Does the habit to spend time with the opposite sex outside the school have any significance for how the pupils perceive gender integrated respective gender segregated workgroups?•Does the group’s assembly have any significance for how pupils work? The work is based on studies of literature and a quantitative investigation which consists of a questionnaire.My conclusion is that both boys and girls who took part in the investigation prefer gender integrated workgroups. Key words: gender, gender integration, gender segregation, workgroups. Author: Magdalena Filimon FasolaSupervisor: Elna Johansson

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8

Singleton, Pamela. "Gender Ideology and Impressions Toward Opposite-Gendered Coworkers." ScholarWorks, 2020. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7955.

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To achieve organizational effectiveness, leaders must examine what impacts productivity, such as workplace equality for women hindered to the point of exclusion and discrimination. The purpose of this correlational study was to determine if gender ideology, as the predictor variable, and male and female impressions toward an opposite-gendered coworker, as the criterion variable, predicts an individual's impressions toward an opposite-gendered coworker, in alignment with gender role theory. The Gender Role Ideology measure was used to assess perceptions about appropriate roles for men and women, and Coworker Resource Scale was used to assess the nature of coworker relationships among 203 middle- to upper-level managers. Data collection was conducted via Survey Monkey and SPSS was used to analyze the data. According to study results, there were no statistically significant correlations between the predictor and criterion variables. However, future research is warranted in relation to opposite-gendered coworkers and their gender ideologies. An in-depth examination of how gender ideologies relate to employee interaction has positive social change implications for workplace attitudes through improved employee cohesiveness as opposed to discrimination and exclusion. The proposed implications for positive social change from workplace attitude awareness include knowledge useful to employees in shifting their gender ideologies, increasing levels of employee interaction, and moving toward a more supportive and satisfactory existence in the workplace.

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9

Davies, Ceri Louise. "The breakdown of gender binaries : writing genders in contemporary fiction." Thesis, Swansea University, 2008. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42319.

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In Gender Trouble, Judith Butler asked, "[i]s the breakdown of gender binaries ... so monstrous, so frightening, that it must be held to be definitionally impossible and heuristically precluded from any effort to think gender?" (Butler, p. 1999, p.viii). Using this question as a starting point, I look at the way that gender is understood and challenged in contemporary fiction. Specifically, I examine novels and short stories that focus on finding one's place in gender, and the way such narratives write gendered experiences outside of the traditional male/female binary. In the first chapter, I look at females that live as males, exploring various ways of 'doing' gender, both on-stage and off, and the creation of cohesive gender identities. Chapter two looks at the way that sex and gender are medicalised. I argue that the male/female binary is protected by both the media and the medical establishment. This expands into a discussion of the way doctors attempt to preserve this binary in the face of increasing challenges to its very viability. In chapter three, I consider novels that focus on a male-to-female transition, as well as what is at stake in writing gender. Finally, I look at the emergence of 'genderless' characters, both in terms of the viability of the term 'genderless', and the difficulties in finding a suitable language with which to understand and quantify gendered experience.

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10

Fialkowska, Magdalena. "Bilingual acquisition of gender and gender agreement." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2011. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843110/.

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The scope of this thesis is grammatical gender. It investigates the speech of three children raised bilingually in two Indo-European languages, Polish and English, and presents a plethora of aspects that need to be taken into account when studying the acquisition of gender by children. Acquisition of two languages simultaneously is a complex process and has been studied by scholars from many different perspectives. This study investigates only one element of the children's linguistic system, but does it with care and in detail. First, the nature and function of gender in Polish and English are discussed; second, a review of studies dealing with acquisition of grammatical gender in different languages is provided, and accompanied by short debate on language development theories. Next, the reader is presented with details on the methodology implemented for this project, i.e. recruitment procedures, data collection process, coding techniques and more. This is followed by the data analysis, which is focused on two areas: Polish noun phrases and Polish-English mixed noun phrases. Finally, the thesis is concluded with a list of findings and ideas for future research.

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11

Tsang, Ching-man Irene. "Gender and gender roles in Virginia Woolf." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38598747.

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12

Tsang, Ching-man Irene, and 曾靜雯. "Gender and gender roles in Virginia Woolf." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38598747.

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13

BLACKEY, AYANA CAITLIN. "MATERNAL GENDER VALUES AND CHILD GENDER SOCIALIZATION." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/612644.

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This study looked at the correlations between mother’s feminism values, their attitudes toward their child’s engagement in gender atypical play, and self-reported parenting behaviors. Sixty-six mothers of six to nine-year-old children participated in the study, with 63 completing an online questionnaire and three completing the questionnaire as well as an in-person interview with their child. Three questions guided the research: 1) Are mother’s feminism values related to their attitudes toward children’s gender expression and parenting behaviors related to gender? 2) Does child’s gender impact mother’s acceptance of gender atypical play and parenting behaviors surrounding children’s individual gender expression? 3) Are mothers’ values regarding acceptance of gender atypical behavior reflected in their self-reported parenting behaviors? Overall, it was expected that more traditional mothers and mothers of sons would report less acceptance of gender atypical play. The results revealed that mothers’ feminism values were correlated to their acceptance of gender atypical behaviors, supporting the hypothesis that more traditional mothers are less accepting of gender atypical behavior. Mothers’ self-reported parenting behaviors revealed stronger trends toward supporting gender typical play in sons than in daughters, supporting the hypothesis that mothers may be less accepting of gender atypical play in sons than daughters.

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14

Davis, Erin Calhoun. "Overcoming gender? transsexualism and the gender paradigm /." Full text, Acrobat Reader required, 2002. http://viva.lib.virginia.edu/etd/diss/ArtsSci/Sociology/2002/Davis/diss.pdf.

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15

Ramón, Bettina L. "Composing, gender, and composing gender : the construction of gender variances in online spaces /." View online, 2009. http://ecommons.txstate.edu/engltad/17.

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16

Wilkins, Vicky M. "When gender matters : gender and representation across institutions /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3164550.

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17

Berntson, Annie, Christina Jarnemo, and Minna Philipson. "Branding and Gender : - How adidas communicate gender values." Thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Communication and IT, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-309.

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This thesis discusses how adidas differentiate their communication to reach women and make the adidas brand more appealing to females. The adidas brand has always had their main focus on sportswear for men. This has led to the brand being perceived as masculine and it makes it hard for the female consumer to identify with adidas. We have analysed six adidas adverts from the last five years to see what adidas have communicated to women. The main purpose of this thesis is to understand why adidas have not succeeded in communicating with women in the last five years.

The theoretical chapter is divided into three parts; Brands, Communication and Consumer Behaviour. The first part describes what a brand is, how it is built and continues with how a brand can be gendered. A brand is not very likely to keep a strong position if the values connected with the brand are not reinforced through communication. When forming a communication strategy, companies have to understand how consumers behave. When selling a gendered product, companies have to understand the distinction between men and women and how they differ in consumption.

Our discussion is based on the qualitative method of collecting data. The qualitative method was carried out through two panel interviews and one personal interview, and we also performed picture analysis on adidas’ advertisements. Ten open-individual interviews with ten different women were conducted; to get their opinions on the six adverts.

Adidas have presented five different identities over five years, each with diverse focus and with different brand associations. This has led to a lack of consistency and therein lies a part of the reason why adidas have not been successful in appealing to women.

Since 2005 adidas have a collaboration with Stella McCartney. This is an attempt to add design to adidas functional clothes and to make their brand more appealing to women. This collaboration will continue until 2010 and this could provide adidas with the uniformity they need.

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18

Olmats, Oscar. "GENDER MAINSTREAMING : Problematizations of Gender Inequality in Rwanda." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-432901.

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The scholarly field of Gender and Development is riddled with diverging perceptions of the actual value and meaning of the term Gender and the development strategy of promoting gender equality – Gender Mainstreaming. Taking the social constructivist perspective of discourse analysis, this thesis explores the ways in which different problem representations of gender inequality are produced and reinforced within certain policy domains in the gender mainstreaming approach of the Rwandan government. The aim of this is to contribute to the scholarly field by exploring key areas not given a great deal of attention in previous research. Using the so-called ’WPR-method’ of policy analysis, developed by Carol Bacchi, a number of strategically selected policies representing different policy domains have been analyzed through four guiding analytical questions. Some main findings of the study indicates that while there are different specified problematizations of gender inequality in the domains, there is some overarching overlap in how the concept is understood to specifically concern women’s lack of agency, and how it is represented as a means to achieve the government’s targeted goals for socio-economic development.

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19

Jeanes, Ruth. "Tackling gender : girls, football and gender identity construction." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2006. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7859.

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This thesis examines the construction of young girls' gender identity and the influence participation in football can have on this process. Increasing numbers of girls are now participating in football, a sport which has traditionally been connected with extreme forms of masculinity. The thesis examines the influence participation in football by girls can have on altering dominant and traditional gender assumptions and breaking down the construction of football as a masculine sport. The thesis utilises a feminist post-structural theoretical positioning to enable an understanding of girls' identities as diverse and multiple. The literature reviewed firstly provides an examination of identity theory, girl culture and the influence on global discourses and local mechanisms on girls' gender identity construction. The second phase of the review examines the relevance of sport to the dominant gender order, girls' participation in sport and the potential of sport and football to offer a space in which girls and women can engage in alternative discourses to contest dominant gender values. The methodological approach draws on feminism and the sociology of childhood. A six-month ethnographic study was undertaken in a single school site with thirteen 10 and 11 year old girls. A multi- method, child friendly approach was used to encourage full and direct communication for the girls involved. The study illustrated the diversity and complexity of young girls' gender identities. Global discourses influenced their belief and assumptions surrounding their visual identities, while their friends provided key sources of information about how these should be interpreted in their everyday lives. Football fitted into the girls' feminine gender identities fairly smoothly. Although some of the girls used football to construct `alternative' identities, their participation had little impact on altering either dominant belief surrounding football or reshaping restrictive elements of feminine identities. Despite this the girls' experiences of football were positive, allowing them an open space where contestation of their own negative views about themselves occurs and extend the scripts regarding their own sports abilities and the meaning of football to them. Even when appearing to contest the masculine construction of sport though, the girls' experiences remained highly constrained by gender discourses.

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20

Faccini, Sara. "Gender e generi : Alba de Céspedes racconta le donne." Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA100040.

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Au centre du présent travail de thèse se trouve l’écrivaine cosmopolite Alba de Céspedes.L’analyse de l’œuvre de Alba de Céspedes se déroule à travers l’étude de nombreux aspects étroitement imbriqués: le contexte historique et littéraire de la vie et des publications de l’auteure ; les thèmes abordés dans ses œuvres, examinés notamment sous l’angle de l’évolution des personnages féminins; le roman Quaderno proibito (Le cahier interdit), et sa réception en Italie et en France. L’analyse s’achève en portant au jour la relation entretenue par l’auteure avec les langages du cinéma, du théâtre, et de la télévision, par le biais d’une étude des adaptations théâtrales et télévisées du Cahier interdit. Le présent travail de thèse voudrait illustrer une manière de retravailler le canon littéraire à la lumière de l’absence d’un nombre d’auteures et de la reconnaissance de leur capacité de signification – dans notre cas, à la lumière de l’œuvre de Alba de Céspedes et de ses incursions et ses recherches dans différents langages et genres littéraires et artistiques. Une attention particulière est portée au roman Le Cahier interdit, dont la naissance, les traits thématiques et stylistiques, et la réception en Italie et en France sont analysés. La thèse prend pour point de départ l’histoire de la protagoniste, tenue comme paradigme d’une condition répandue chez les femmes des années Cinquante, notamment, mais non exclusivement, dans la société italienne. Dans notre démarche, nous nous penchons ensuite sur l’analyse des adaptations du Cahier interdit qui ont vu le jour en Italie et en France : la comédie théâtrale mise en scène en Italie (1961) et les adaptations télévisées française (1968) et italienne (1981), dont pour chacune la réception est étudiée.La recherche se structure à partir d’une perspective de genre, grâce aux outils théoriques élaborés depuis les années Soixante dans le cadre des études féministes et de genre, notamment en Italie
The present work is centred on the cosmopolitan writer Alba de Céspedes.The analysis focusses on some intertwined features of de Céspedes’ activity and work: the historic and literary context of de Céspedes’ life and publishing; the themes found in her work, especially the progress in the design of female characters; the novel Quaderno proibito (The Secret), and its reception in Italy and France. Lastly, the writer’s relationship with the languages of cinema, theatre, and television, is taken into account by means of an investigation of the adaptions for the scene and the television of this novel.The present work aims at a possible reshaping of the literary canon – a proposal made necessary by the absence of some women writers and in light of their capacity of signification. In this sense, we propose a study of Alba de Céspedes and of her experimentations with literary and artistic languages and genres. The novel The Secret is given special attention: the dissertation follows its birth and explores its themes and styles, and its reception in Italy and France. The story of the main character – a woman – is considered as paradigmatic of a condition among Italian (and other) women of the Fifties. The Secret is then investigated through its adaptations and their reception in Italy and France: the comedy performed in Italy (1961), the adaptation for the television broadcasted in France (1968) and in Italy (1981). This work embraces a gender perspective and makes use of the theoretical tools conceived within the feminist/gender studies from the Sixties to these days, especially (although not exclusively) in Italy

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21

Baker, Joseph O., and Buster G. Smith. "Gender and Secularity: Solving the Riddle of Gendered Religiosity." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/403.

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22

Raisle, Ivo Rütti Regula. "Gender-Mainstreaming /." Zürich : Hochschule für Angewandte Psychologie, 2003. http://www.hapzh.ch/pdf/2s/2s0750.pdf.

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23

Kwan, Lai-shan Clare, and 關麗珊. "Fashioning gender." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29781164.

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24

Ott, Katie E. "Furnishing Gender." Thesis, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13857676.

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Furnishing Gender is a collection of furniture and objects of the home that have been deliberately altered to explore and expose pervasive aspects of toxic masculinity. The work within examines aspects of rape culture, queer culture, and hetero-normal constructs that link our realities to the lies of masculinity and gender difference. It is my intent that the viewer become uncomfortable and my hope that they not shy away from this discomfort, but accept the exhibition’s challenge to be vulnerable, genuine, and to engage in conversations that confront the conventions of traditional gender roles and biases.

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25

Geimer, Alexander. "Doing Gender." Universität Leipzig, 2013. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A15360.

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Das Konzept des Doing Gender geht auf Garfinkels ethnomethodologische Untersuchung der sozialen Konstruktion der Zwei-Geschlechtlichkeit zurück. Die unterschiedlichen Konzeptionen des Doing Gender variieren mit der Interpretation der Omnirelevanz-Annahme und des Garfinkelschen Accountability-Konzepts; ihnen gemein ist, Geschlecht nicht als natürliches oder erworbenes Personenmerkmal zu sehen, sondern als durch Zuschreibung oder mittels sozialer Interaktion hervorgebrachtes.

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Geimer, Alexander. "Undoing Gender." Universität Hamburg, 2013. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A15369.

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Stefan Hirschauer kritisiert mit dem Konzept des Undoing Gender den Theorieentwurf des Doing Gender nach West & Zimmerman. Er begreift Geschlecht als Effekt von Interaktionen und lehnt sich dabei an Garfinkels ethnomethodologisches Konzept der Accountability und der Omnirelevanz von Geschlecht an. Aus institutioneller Perspektive wird die Möglichkeit der Neutralisierung der Kategorie Geschlecht betont. Forschungsperspektivisch ist Geschlecht auf seine konkrete Relevanzsetzung in Interaktionen unter der Bedingung unterschiedlicher kultureller Konfigurationen und institutioneller Arrangements zu untersuchen ('kontextuelle Kontingenz').

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Thomas, Anita, and Alexandra Kautzky-Willer. "Gender Medizin." Medizinische Universität Wien, 2015. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A15448.

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Gender Medizin ist eine Disziplin der Humanmedizin, die den Einfluss von biologischem (Sex) und psychosozialem Geschlecht (Gender) gemäß dem bio-psycho-sozialen Modell von Gesundheit und Krankheit berücksichtigt. Ziel ist es, die Lebensqualität über die gesamte Lebensspanne zu erhalten und eine optimale medizinische Versorgung aller Geschlechter zu ermöglichen. Geschichtliche Grundlagen waren die Frauenbewegung der 1960er Jahre und die daraus entstandene Frauen- und Männergesundheitsforschung.

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28

Wegrzyn, Eva. "Gender Mainstreaming." Universität Duisburg-Essen, 2014. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A15450.

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Gender Mainstreaming ist eine gleichstellungspolitische Strategie, die daraufhin ausgerichtet ist, sämtliche Entscheidungen in einer Organisation kritisch auf ihre Auswirkungen auf die von geschlechterbezogenen Ungleichheiten unterschiedlich geprägte Lebensrealität von Frauen und Männern zu überprüfen und diesbezüglich bestehende Differenzen abzubauen. Kritik wird u. a. aufgrund der voraussetzungsreichen Umsetzung und der Gefahr, stereotype Geschlechterbilder zu verfestigen, geübt.

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29

Westheuser, Linus. "Doing gender." Universität Leipzig, 2018. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A17018.

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Doing Gender gilt als Zentralbegriff der interaktionistischen Geschlechterforschung. Er fokussiert, wie Menschen im Alltag Geschlecht inszenieren, beobachten und relevant machen. Statt Geschlecht als Eigenschaft von Individuen zu begreifen oder den beiden Großgruppen ‚Männer’ und ‚Frauen’ zuzurechnen, wird Geschlecht mithilfe der Doing Gender-Perspektive als Ergebnis einer Vielzahl alltäglicher, situationsspezifischer Unterscheidungen aufgefasst und untersucht.

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30

Geimer, Alexander. "Doing Gender." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-219558.

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Das Konzept des Doing Gender geht auf Garfinkels ethnomethodologische Untersuchung der sozialen Konstruktion der Zwei-Geschlechtlichkeit zurück. Die unterschiedlichen Konzeptionen des Doing Gender variieren mit der Interpretation der Omnirelevanz-Annahme und des Garfinkelschen Accountability-Konzepts; ihnen gemein ist, Geschlecht nicht als natürliches oder erworbenes Personenmerkmal zu sehen, sondern als durch Zuschreibung oder mittels sozialer Interaktion hervorgebrachtes.

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31

Geimer, Alexander. "Undoing Gender." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-219794.

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Анотація:

Stefan Hirschauer kritisiert mit dem Konzept des Undoing Gender den Theorieentwurf des Doing Gender nach West & Zimmerman. Er begreift Geschlecht als Effekt von Interaktionen und lehnt sich dabei an Garfinkels ethnomethodologisches Konzept der Accountability und der Omnirelevanz von Geschlecht an. Aus institutioneller Perspektive wird die Möglichkeit der Neutralisierung der Kategorie Geschlecht betont. Forschungsperspektivisch ist Geschlecht auf seine konkrete Relevanzsetzung in Interaktionen unter der Bedingung unterschiedlicher kultureller Konfigurationen und institutioneller Arrangements zu untersuchen ("kontextuelle Kontingenz").

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32

Thomas, Anita, and Alexandra Kautzky-Willer. "Gender Medizin." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-221273.

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Анотація:

Gender Medizin ist eine Disziplin der Humanmedizin, die den Einfluss von biologischem (Sex) und psychosozialem Geschlecht (Gender) gemäß dem bio-psycho-sozialen Modell von Gesundheit und Krankheit berücksichtigt. Ziel ist es, die Lebensqualität über die gesamte Lebensspanne zu erhalten und eine optimale medizinische Versorgung aller Geschlechter zu ermöglichen. Geschichtliche Grundlagen waren die Frauenbewegung der 1960er Jahre und die daraus entstandene Frauen- und Männergesundheitsforschung.

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33

Wegrzyn, Eva. "Gender Mainstreaming." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-221283.

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Анотація:

Gender Mainstreaming ist eine gleichstellungspolitische Strategie, die daraufhin ausgerichtet ist, sämtliche Entscheidungen in einer Organisation kritisch auf ihre Auswirkungen auf die von geschlechterbezogenen Ungleichheiten unterschiedlich geprägte Lebensrealität von Frauen und Männern zu überprüfen und diesbezüglich bestehende Differenzen abzubauen. Kritik wird u. a. aufgrund der voraussetzungsreichen Umsetzung und der Gefahr, stereotype Geschlechterbilder zu verfestigen, geübt.

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34

Korb, Susanne. "Gender Budget." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät I, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15880.

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Das internationale Konzept Gender Budget wurde entwickelt als Strategie zur Herstellung von Geschlechtergerechtigkeit in und mit öffentlichen Haushalten. Seine Wurzeln liegen in der internationalen Entwicklungspolitik ebenso wie in der Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung. Als finanzpolitische Komponente des universalen Programmes Gender Main-streaming erzielte es seinen öffentlichen Durchbruch seit der 4. Weltfrauen-konferenz 1995 in Peking. Die Europäische Union hat sich das Gedankengut zu eigen gemacht, in ihren Verträgen und Richtlinien juristisch festgeschrieben und somit den Mitgliedsstaaten zur Realisierung aufgetragen. In Deutschland erfolgt die Implementierung bisher eher punktuell und dilatorisch, so dass das Konzept auch Jahre nach seiner Entstehung nur wenige praktische Beispiele hervorgebracht hat. Hierunter befinden sich auf der operativen Ebene bereits einige Öffentliche Bibliotheken. Diesen mangelt es nicht an Erfahrung mit Reformprozessen – vom Wandel des Medienmarktes bis hin zu den Verwaltungsreformen. Bibliotheken erheben traditionell umfangreiches Datenmaterial und sind geübt im Umgang mit den Erfordernissen von Frauenarbeitsplätzen. Auf dieser Grundlage erweisen sich die Öffentlichen Bibliotheken als geeigneter Gegenstand für die Untersuchung von Bedeutung und prospektiven Auswirkungen des neuen Konzeptes. Nutzerschaft und Personal werden einer Gender-Analyse unterzogen und die Ansatzpunkte für künftige Gender Budgets explizit herausgearbeitet. Deutlich sichtbar wird hierdurch der Handlungsbedarf, der zu geschlechtergerechten Reformen führen soll. Der methodische Gender Budgeting-Prozess bedarf der Initiierung durch Politik und Verwaltungsspitze, um als Top-down-Prozess mit der erforderlichen Nachdrücklich-keit wirksam zu werden. Und er benötigt umfassenderes Datenmaterial aus allen Verwaltungsabteilungen zur Herstellung von Transparenz und zur gendergerechten Verteilung der Finanzmittel innerhalb des kommunalen Haushaltes.
The international concept of gender budget has been developed as a strategy to create gender equality for and with public funds. It is rooted in the international development policy as well as in gender studies. As a financial policy component of the universal programme of gender main-streaming it has had its public break-through since the 4th international women’s conference in Beijing in 1995. The European Union has adopted the ideas and stipulated them in its contracts and guidelines and, thus, entrusted the member states to put them into practise. In Germany, the implementation has been effected so far only in some places and in a dilatory way so that the concept has produced only few practical examples even years after its creation. Among these, there are already some public libraries on the level of operation. They are not lacking in experience with reform processes – from the change of the media market to the administrative reforms. Libraries traditionally gather comprehensive data material and are used to handling requirements regarding women’s workplaces. On this basis, the public libraries are a suitable subject as to the examination of the significance and prospective impacts of the concept. The users and the personnel are subject to a gender analysis and the starting points for future gender budgets are elaborated explicitly. Thereby, the need for action which shall lead to reforms regarding gender equality becomes clearly visible. The methodical gender budgeting process must be initiated by politics and the administrative management in order to become effective as a top-down process with the necessary emphasis. Moreover, it requires more extensive data material from all the administrative departments in order to create transparency and to allocate the funds of the communal budget in consideration of gender equality.

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35

Bevans, Rebecca L. "Who knows baby best? investigating connotative gender information, gender processing,and gender identification by adults /." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3339094.

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36

Bishop, Julia. "Gender-based violence and gender stereotyping in international law." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12671.

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Анотація:

Includes bibliographical references.
As Rashida Manjoo, the UN Special Rapporteur on violence against women, suggests, women who are empowered “understand that they are not destined to subordination and violence; they resist oppression; and they develop their capabilities as autonomous beings and they increasingly question the terms of their existence in both public and private spheres.” By altering stereotypes and empowering women, GBV could be prevented from occurring in the first place, and discrimination and inequality could be mitigated or, hopefully, eradicated. Women’s human rights, and women in general, have been consistently marginalized in international and regional binding documents. This, in many ways, is a product of the stereotype that women are less important than men, and that their rights should therefore be accorded less significance – a twisted logic that only leads to women being further marginalized. The hypothesis of this dissertation is that in order to eradicate GBV in times of so-called peace, it is essential that discriminatory stereotypes of women be altered. This dissertation will examine stereotyping as an underlying cause of GBV, and whether the international and regional normative frameworks provide sufficient protections for women in regards to GBV. There will also be discussion about whether or not States comply with the obligations that do exist, and how States have (or have not) altered the behaviours and attitudes which characterize a stereotyped view of gender roles.

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37

Mubireek, Khalid Al. "Gender-oriented vs. gender-neutral computer games in education." Connect to this title online, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1056139090.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 120 p.; also includes graphics Includes bibliographical references (p. 101-106). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

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38

Sloan, Jesse Daniel. "The gendered altar Wiccan concepts of gender and ritual objects /." Orlando, Fla. : University of Central Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0002176.

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39

Sloan, Jesse. "THE GENDERED ALTAR: WICCAN CONCEPTS OF GENDER AND RITUAL OBJECTS." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3743.

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Many ethnographic accounts within the annals of anthropological literature describe the religious beliefs and magical rituals of peoples throughout the world. Fewer scholars have focused on the relatively young Neo-Pagan religious movement. "Neo-Pagan," explains Helen Berger in Voices from the Pagan Census (2003), "is an umbrella term covering sects of a new religious movement, the largest and most important form of which is…Wicca" (Berger et al. 2003: 1). This thesis examines the relationship between practice and ideology by analyzing the material culture of Wiccan altars as used by Wiccans in Central Florida, USA. Particular attention is paid to beliefs concerning concepts of gender associated with ritual objects, and concepts of gender and sexuality as understood by practitioners. Many Wiccans see divinity as manifested in two complementary beings: the Goddess and the God. The fertility that these divine beings achieve through sexual union is the subject of an elaborate ritual called the Great Rite. A pair of Wiccans, often a masculine High Priest and a feminine High Priestess, conduct this ritual by manipulating specific objects, which are believed to be strongly gendered. I argue that Wiccan rituals reflect, construct, and reinforce the Wiccan precept of a gender-balanced cosmos through the interaction of these primary ritual actors and the gendered objects they manipulate. As a practicing Wiccan, my theoretical approach is aligned with that of the native scholar. The native scholar faces challenges distancing her or himself from research, but gains opportunities from insider knowledge. Wiccan ideology stands in contrast to heteronormative conventions of gender and sexuality. However, gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender Wiccans may need to actively negotiate for representation in this movement, where fertility is stressed. Wiccans continuously reinvent established practices in an attempt to create a more satisfying religious community.
M.A.
Department of Anthropology
Sciences
Anthropology MA

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40

Hochdorn, Alexander. "Talking Gender: La costruzione con-testuale delle Identità di Genere." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423030.

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The topic of the following research is focused on discursive positioning amongst social actors, whose gender falls somewhere between or outside of the sexual dualism, and contexts, characterised by a dominant heteronormative imprint. The edges of agency have been investigated, according to which a person, who passes amongst genders, claims a self representation, with regard to the peculiar symbolical and normative structure of specific contexts of interaction. In order to isolate the processes, throughout which develops a self-representation as gender, the rank of agency has been analysed, according to practices of positioning within three contexts: prison reality, workplaces and family environment. The study, therefore, aims to understand how transgender reproduce certain genderized Ideal-types, with regard to the symbolical coordinates of the context, the situativity of everyday interaction, as well as the linguistic meta-artefacts, circumscribing zones of meanings, which move in a feminine or masculine direction. The representations of self and others, within a socio-constructive perspective, are articulated along discursive productions in relation to everyday interactions and cultural and normative superstructures. Discourse, according to this approach, could be considered as a mediation artefact, which generates social meanings. The corpus of data, therefore, consists in gathering discursive material within the following contexts: - six semistructured interviews with staff members of the Sollicciano prison near Florence - five in-depth interviews with transprisoners detained in the same institute - seven in-depth interviews with transgender in private and work contexts - three diaries, written by transgender, contacted by socio-political associations in north and central Italy. These textual datas have been studied according to two methodological perspectives: Critical Analysis of the ideological matrix of discourse, with regard to the production of implicit meanings. The symbolic repertoires have been associated to conceptual macro-categories, adopting the software Transana for computer assisted discourse analysis Quali-quantitative analysis of semantic content and lexical organisation with the program for textual data analysis Alceste Results show that the constitutive elements of discursive production (lexicon, semantics, semiotics) generate narrative repertoires, with similar structure and affine representations of self and others. These units of meanings constitute the research goals of this study, focused on positioning between gender and (con)text. There emerged a sequential intersectionaliy amongst the following variables: Gender dualism ➔ Asymmetry of power ➔ Inequalities ➔ Discrimination ➔ Reified representation of gender From this process emerged different normative, structural as well as interactive practices, which, throughout universes of sense and systems of actions, socially recognised, culturally legitimised and discursively institutionalised, produce genderized Ideal-types and meanings, embedded within temporal horizons, relational sceneries and contextual limelights. With regard to prison context the edges of positioning are relegated within the institutional parameters of the penitentiary system. Language, especially, assumes a reifying function, by the moment, that semantic categories define normative links between self and context. Gender identity, actually, is circumscribed by precise discursive borders. With regard to family and workplaces, self-representation as transgender changes, according to situated symbolic coordinates. Normative superstructures influences discourse mainly on an implicit level. Agency within processes of gender identity affirmation depend from specific contexts and different modalities of positioning amongst self and others
L’argomento della presente ricerca è incentrato sul posizionamento discorsivo tra attori sociali, la cui identità di genere si discosta da una prospettiva dicotomica dei sessi, e contesti caratterizzati da accezioni prevalentemente eteronormative. Sono stati indagati i margini di agency, entro cui una persona in transizione tra i generi rivendica una rappresentazione di sé, rispetto alle peculiari strutture simboliche e normative di specifici contesti d’interazione. Al fine di cogliere i processi, attraverso cui si sviluppa una rappresentazione di sé come identità genderizzata, è stato analizzato il grado di agentitvità rispetto alle pratiche di posizionamento in tre contesti: realtà carceraria, mondo del lavoro ed ambiente famigliare. L’obbiettivo dello studio è di comprendere quanto le/i transgender riproducono certi idealtipi genderizzati, rispetto alle coordinate simboliche del contesto, alla situatività delle interazioni quotidiane, nonché alla specificità dei meta-artefatti linguistici che circoscrivono zone di significati declinati al femminile o al maschile. Le rappresentazioni di sé e dell’altro, in un ottica socio-costruzionista, sono articolate lungo produzioni discorsive tra interazioni quotidiane e sovrastrutture culturali e normative. Il discorso secondo questa prospettiva è inteso in quanto artefatto di mediazione che genera significati condivisi. Il corpus dei dati consiste perciò nella raccolta di materiale discorsivo nei seguenti contesti: - sei interviste semi-strutturate con i testimoni privilegiati che a diverso titolo prestano servizio presso il Nuovo Complesso Penitenziario di Sollicciano (FI) - cinque interviste in profondità con le detenute transgender recluse presso lo stesso istituto - sette interviste in profondità con persone transgender in contesti privati e lavorativi - tre diari scritti da persone transgender, contattati presso associazioni socio-politiche nel centro e nord Italia. Questi dati testuali sono stati studiati attraverso due prospettive metodologiche: Analisi critica della matrice ideologica del discorso, in riferimento alla produzione di significati impliciti. I repertori simbolici sono stati associati a macro-categorie concettuali, tramite il software per l’indagine computer assisted delle strutture discorsive Transana Analisi quali-quantitativa del contenuto semantico e dell’organizzazione lessicale con il programma per l’elaborazione di dati testuali Alceste Dai risultati è emerso che gli elementi costituenti la produzione discorsiva (lessico, semantica, semiotica) generano repertori narrativi simili nella struttura ed affini rispetto alla rappresentazione di sé e dell’altro. Queste unità di significato rispondono alla domanda conoscitiva della presente ricerca, focalizzata su posizionamento di genere e (con)testo. È stata, pertanto, individuata l’intersezionalità sequenziale tra le seguenti variabili: Dualismo di genere ➔ Asimmetria di poter ➔ Disuguaglianza ➔ Discriminazione ➔ Rappresentazione di genere reificata. Da questo processo sono emerse differenti pratiche normative, strutturali e d’interazione, le quali, attraverso universi di senso e sistemi d’azioni socialmente condivisi, culturalmente legittimati e discorsivamente istituzionalizzati, producono significati ed idealtipi genderizzati, annidati entro orizzonti temporali, scenari relazionali e ribalte contestuali. Per quanto riguarda il contesto carcerario i margini di posizionamento sono relegati entro i parametri istituzionali del sistema penitenziario. Il linguaggio, in particolare, assume una funzione reificante dal momento che le categorie semantiche definiscono i vincoli normativi tra sé e contesto. L’identità di genere, pertanto, risulta essere circoscritta da precisi confini discorsivi. Rispetto alle realtà famigliari e lavorative, le rappresentazioni di sé come transgender variano a seconda delle coordinate simboliche situate nel qui ed ora. Le sovrastrutture normative permeano il discorso a livello per lo più implicito. L’agency nel processo di affermazione della propria identità di genere dipende dalla specificità del contesto e dalle diverse modalità di posizionamento tra sé e l’altro

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41

Lilliefeldt, Emelie. "European Party Politics and Gender : Configuring Gender-Balanced Parliamentary Presence." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-63628.

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In the late 20th century, the proportions of women and men elected into European national parliaments became increasingly equal. Political parties shape these outcomes by selecting and fielding candidates in elections. Scholars recognise that parties' actions do not occur in isolation; yet there is little systematically comparative research about the configurations of conditions in which these actions occur. Previous research also often relies on studies of West European parties. This doctoral thesis investigates how conditions inside and outside parties combine to create gender-equal parliamentary presence. The thesis examines the extent to which Western European experiences apply to Central and East European parties, and explores the conditions that stand in the way of progress towards gender balance. It presents three empirical studies. The first is a qualitative comparative analysis of 57 West European parties during the late 1980s, a period in which the trend towards equality accelerated. The second study applies the knowledge produced in the first analysis to cases in Central and Eastern Europe. It uses an original dataset covering six parties in four EU member states in a structured focused comparison. Finally, the thesis presents an in-depth case study of an unexpectedly gender-balanced Latvian party. The analyses show that gender-equal parliamentary presence is achieved when conditions inside and outside parties combine, and that no condition is necessary or singularly sufficient. The absence of gender-equal parliaments is sustained by combinations other than the absence of those that lead to gender-balance. Operationalisations from Western Europe turn out to be largely applicable to cases in Central and Eastern Europe. These latter cases also demonstrate that organisational instability need not impede women’s presence in elected office.
Under sent 1900-tal har andelen kvinnor och män i nationella demokratiska parlament i Europa blivit alltmer jämstora. Politiska partier formar politisk representation genom att välja egna kandidater till val. Forskare har visat att partiers beteende på den punkten inte sker i isolering, men det finns ändå en brist på systematiskt jämförande studier om vilka kombinationer av villkor som leder till jämn könsrepresentation i nationella parlament. Dessutom vilar tidigare studier ofta på kunskap om situationen i Västeuropa. Den här doktorsavhandlingen undersöker hur villkor i och utanför politiska partier kombineras för att uppnå jämställd parlamentarisk representation. Den utforskar i vilken grad de västeuropeiska erfarenheterna är användbara i Öst- och Centraleuropa, och studerar villkoren som upprätthåller manlig dominans i parlamentariska partier. Den presenterar tre empiriska studier. Den första är en kvalitativt jämförande studie (fsQCA) av 57 Västeuropeiska partier under sent 1980-tal, en period då andelen kvinnor i nationella parlament ökade. Den andra studien tillämpar kunskapen från den första studien på fall i Öst- och Centraleuropa. Studien bygger på ett unikt dataset med sex partier från fyra EU-stater, i en strukturerad fokuserad jämförelse. Slutligen presenteras en fallstudie av ett ovanligt jämställt parti i Lettland. Analyserna visar att lika andelar kvinnor och män i nationella parlament åstadkoms när villkor i och utanför partier kombineras, och att inget villkor är nödvändigt eller ensamt tillräckligt. Frånvaro av jämn representation upprätthålls av andra kombinationer än de som leder till jämn representation. Operationaliseringarna som utvecklades för Västeuropa är applicerbara i Öst- och Centraleuropa. De senare fallen visar också att organisatorisk instabilitet inte behöver hindra en jämställd parlamentarisk närvaro.

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42

Ellie, Hurley Astrid. "Filtering the International Gender Paradigm: Perspectives of Gender in Barbados." FIU Digital Commons, 2011. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/546.

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My work presents a place-specific analysis of how gender paradigms interact across and within spatial scales: the global, the regional, the national and the personal. It briefly outlines the concepts and measures defining the international gender paradigm, and explores the filtration of this paradigm into assessments and understandings of gender and gender dynamics by and within Barbados. It does this by analyzing the contents of reports of the Barbados government to international bodies assessing the country’s performance in the area of gender equality, and by analyzing gender-comparative content of local print news media over the decade of the 1990s, and the first decade of the 2000s. It contextualizes the discussion within the realm of social and economic development. The work shows how the almost singular focus on “women” in the international gender paradigm may depreciate valid gender concerns of men and thus hinder the overall goal of achieving gender equality, that is, achieving just, inclusive societies.

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43

Yu, Lu, and 于璐. "Gender-related behavior, gender identity, and psychological adjustmentin Chinese children." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43085659.

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44

McKenzie, Rory. "Online gender discussions| Student experiences in discussions of gender diversity." Thesis, Gonzaga University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1596075.

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This thesis examined graduate level students' experiences of (mainly gender) diversity in the online classroom. The philosophical framework for this study came from John Rawls' work utilizing the veil of ignorance as a strategy to create more objective determinations free from situational and circumstantial biases. Both critical pedagogy and the theory that individuals construct social and cultural meaning through communication provided the theoretical foundations for the thesis. The study analyzed experiences of the students via their contributions to the online discussion boards. The study also utilized interviews of current and former students to discuss their experiences with diversity in their online classrooms. The study came from an understanding that diversity represents a unique component of the online classroom and rests in the idea that students can all benefit from the diversity of other students' experiences. This work provides a jumping off point of analysis on how best to facilitate discussions of diversity in the online classroom. Facilitating these discussions can become a primary way to break down systemic and institutionalized inequalities that exist for minority groups. Thus, this research, while not the end point, can provide a continued impetus to discover ways to make the online classroom a place of equalized learning to maximize its purpose for all students regardless of their identity. Chief findings in the study indicate the following (not-exhaustive) items: students overwhelmingly report that they value diversity conversations; students do not seem to think that conflicting ideas represent an inherent negative; and student's see the role of the instructor in facilitating, but not inserting personal commentary into the diversity discussions.

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45

Kuchynka, Sophie Lois. "System Threats and Gender Differences in Sexism and Gender Stereotypes." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5720.

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In the United States, women’s persistent gains in structural power may cause backlash among those motivated to preserve the status quo. The proposed study examines the conditions that prompt men and women to endorse sexism and promote gender stereotypes. System justification theory proposes that people are motivated to justify the socio-political system that governs them and threats to the stability of their system can increase individual’s motivated defenses. I expect men to show the strongest motivated defenses when the hierarchy is threatened or viewed as unstable, because to protect group-based interests men will reinforce the legitimacy of the system through stronger endorsement of system defenses. In contrast, women will show the strongest system defenses when the hierarchy is viewed as stable, to avoid feeling trapped in an unchanging system that oppresses them. To test these ideas, 430 men and women were exposed to a gender status hierarchy that was portrayed as stable or unstable and then they responded to several measures of sexism and gender stereotypes. Support for the hypothesis was only found on one measure of gender stereotypes. Men reported more system justifying stereotypes of traditional women in the unstable condition, while women showed the opposite pattern. Exploratory results demonstrate that men’s and women’s reports of agentic stereotypes for traditional and nontraditional women depended on whether they were exposed to a stable or unstable gender hierarchy. Future directions and limitations are discussed in consideration of these exploratory findings.

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46

Kuchynka, Sophie. "System Threats and Gender Differences in Sexism and Gender Stereotypes." Thesis, University of South Florida, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1597535.

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In the United States, women’s persistent gains in structural power may cause backlash among those motivated to preserve the status quo. The proposed study examines the conditions that prompt men and women to endorse sexism and promote gender stereotypes. System justification theory proposes that people are motivated to justify the socio-political system that governs them and threats to the stability of their system can increase individual’s motivated defenses. I expect men to show the strongest motivated defenses when the hierarchy is threatened or viewed as unstable, because to protect group-based interests men will reinforce the legitimacy of the system through stronger endorsement of system defenses. In contrast, women will show the strongest system defenses when the hierarchy is viewed as stable, to avoid feeling trapped in an unchanging system that oppresses them. To test these ideas, 430 men and women were exposed to a gender status hierarchy that was portrayed as stable or unstable and then they responded to several measures of sexism and gender stereotypes. Support for the hypothesis was only found on one measure of gender stereotypes. Men reported more system justifying stereotypes of traditional women in the unstable condition, while women showed the opposite pattern. Exploratory results demonstrate that men’s and women’s reports of agentic stereotypes for traditional and nontraditional women depended on whether they were exposed to a stable or unstable gender hierarchy. Future directions and limitations are discussed in consideration of these exploratory findings.

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47

Bishop, Christopher J. "Exploring Gender Roles and Gender Equality within the Evangelical Church." Thesis, Chapman University, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13814514.

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This research aims to facilitate better understanding of perceptions of gender roles and gender equality among members of the Evangelical Church and to determine whether these perceptions differ by gender. The evangelical community?s ideologies and values have come to shape social and political dialogues within the United States. A key component of the faith is understanding the role each member plays within his or her family unit and community at large. The evangelical faith?s organizational structure and ideologies are informed by a patriarchal model that?s placed women at internal and structural odds, based on research exploring evangelically informed organizations. However, there is a gap in literature related to gender roles and equality within the faith, and how these perceptions may differ by gender and the influence a church?s organizational structure may have on these perceptions. This process involved the examination of perceptions of gender among evangelical Christians in a nationally representative sample. These findings informed a series of questions designed to explore, at greater depth on a regional level, the views of evangelicals regarding gender roles and gender equality within their organizations. The study provided a multidimensional construct of how the evangelical community defines themselves, understands gender roles and gender equality, and how these definitions affirm and conflict with definitions outside of the church as well as their own church?s leadership and organizational structure.

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48

Koch, Adina Ora. "Gender Transcendence: The Social Production of Gender in Queer Communities." Thesis, Boston College, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2507.

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Thesis advisor: Leslie Salzinger
Over a period of eight months, I conducted an ethnographic comparative study in a northeastern metropolitan area, identifying and exploring a variety of non-normative social spaces regarding both gender and sexuality. I focus this research on comparing two different non-normative communities of gender and sexuality, the queer and the lesbian communities. By concentrating on spaces populated by those who identify as queer, I witness and discuss the process of identity formation. Negotiation of both tangible and theoretical spaces contributes to the operationalization of queer as a category of identity. Using social space bound by identity as a unifying factor, I share observations of time spent in lesbian community, where intricacies of queerness, both as critique and as category of identity, were illuminated. The meaning of the theoretical construct of queer as explained in the literature and the experience of queer as an identity within community have areas of disconnect to which I draw attention in this paper. I interpret community space as giving power and visibility to the experience of those who live outside of, or between, gender norms in an experience that is unrecognized within mainstream heteronormative culture. I found this space creates a voice for a more encompassing and liberating embodiment of gender than that found in mainstream western society with its adherence
Thesis (MA) — Boston College, 2011
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Sociology

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49

Mannell, Jeneviève. "Practicing gender : gender and development policy in South African organisations." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2012. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/567/.

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This is a thesis about the relationship between gender policy and practice in South Africa, and its effects. Gender is a concept widely used in development policy, but little attention has been paid to precisely how development agents use gender policy in their practice. As a result, we know little about the significance or meanings practitioners attribute to gender policy, or how development actors adapt, transform or manipulate gender policy in their everyday work. Gaps in knowledge about how gender policy is put into practice in specific contexts have led to gaps in knowledge about what effects gender policy has on the politics of gender. This brings about two aims for this study: (1) to map the relationship between gender and development policy and practice in South Africa, and (2) to explore the effects of gender policy on gender politics. Following a multisite approach, this study looks at gender policy as a collection of ‘contested narratives’ (Shore & Wright 1997) about gender. The findings point to a conflict between three different policy frames being drawn on by policy actors as they try to assert their own understanding of gender, define the ‘problem’ that exists and the policies that are needed to solve it. This conflict may diminish the potential for a collective social movement for gender issues in South Africa. However, practitioners are not powerless implementers of policy, but rather use gender policy strategically in their practice by adopting, transforming and manipulating policy frames in a range of different tactical manoeuvres to suit their own objectives. Identifying the tactical manoeuvres being used by development practitioners in South Africa contributes new understandings of the fragmented ways that an alternative gender politics is currently being advanced by practitioners in this context.

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50

Freeman, George M. "Defining Imaginary Audience Scores Via Gender Attributes Versus Biological Gender." UNF Digital Commons, 2002. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/173.

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Imaginary audience scores for males and females have not demonstrated consistent differences in the literature. In this study, scores on the Imaginary Audience Scale (lAS) and on the Imaginary Audience subscale of the Adolescent Egocentrism-Sociocentrism scale (ABS) were compared to self-rating of gender attributes on the Personality Attributes Questionnaire (PAQ). Results for 64 females and 32 males surveyed at a southeastern university indicate that one's self-rating of gender attributes correlates with imaginary audience scores while biological gender does not. As masculine attribute scores increase, lAS scores and Abiding Self subscale scores decrease. As masculine-feminine attribute scores (traits favored by both sexes) increase, imaginary audience scores increase on all measures.

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