Готові списки джерел за темами / Gender similarities hypothesis

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Gender similarities hypothesis"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Gender similarities hypothesis"

Hyde, Janet Shibley. "The gender similarities hypothesis." American Psychologist 60, no. 6 (September 2005): 581–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.60.6.581.

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Kim, Soon-Geun, and Ki-Soon Han. "Gender Similarities Hypothesis: Does It Apply to the Scientifically Gifted?" Journal of Gifted/Talented Education 29, no. 2 (June 30, 2019): 123–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.9722/jgte.2019.29.2.123.

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Zuriff, G. E. "The gender similarities hypothesis is untestable as formulated." American Psychologist 70, no. 7 (2015): 663–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0039679.

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Reynolds, Matthew R., Caroline Scheiber, Daniel B. Hajovsky, Bryanna Schwartz, and Alan S. Kaufman. "Gender Differences in Academic Achievement: Is Writing an Exception to the Gender Similarities Hypothesis?" Journal of Genetic Psychology 176, no. 4 (July 2, 2015): 211–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00221325.2015.1036833.

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Hyde, Janet Shibley. "New Directions in the Study of Gender Similarities and Differences." Current Directions in Psychological Science 16, no. 5 (October 2007): 259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2007.00516.x.

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I review new trends in research on the psychology of gender. The gender similarities hypothesis holds that males and females are similar on most, but not all, psychological variables. Gender is not only an individual-difference or person variable but also a stimulus variable. Emerging approaches to cross-national measurement of constructs such as gender equality provide new insights into patterns of gender differences and similarities across cultures. Current neuroscience approaches emphasize neural plasticity and provide the opportunity to study neural correlates of males' and females' differential experiences.

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Escudero, Ana, Ma Oliva Lago, and Cristina Dopico. "Gender Similarities in the Mathematical Performance of Early School-Age Children." Mathematics 10, no. 17 (August 28, 2022): 3094. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10173094.

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The role of gender in mathematical abilities has caught the interest of researchers for several decades; however, their findings are not conclusive yet. Recently the need to explore its influence on the development of some foundational mathematic skills has been highlighted. Thus, the current study examined whether gender differentially affects young children’s performance in several basic numeracy skills, using a complex developmentally appropriate assessment that included not only standard curriculum-based measures, but also a non-routine task which required abstract thinking. Further, 136 children (68 girls) aged 6 to 8 years old completed: (a) the third edition of the standardized Test of Early Mathematical Ability (TEMA-3) to measure their mathematical knowledge; (b) the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (K-BIT), and (c) a non-routine counting detection task where children watched several characters performing different counts, had to judge their correctness, and justify their answers. Furthermore, frequentist and Bayesian analyses were combined to quantify the evidence of the null (gender similarities) and the alternative (gender differences) hypothesis. The overall results indicated the irrelevance or non-existence of gender differences in most of the measures used, including children’s performance in the non-routine counting task. This would support the gender similarity hypothesis in the basic numerical skills assessed.

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Gegenfurtner, Andreas. "Testing the gender similarities hypothesis: differences in subjective task value and motivation to transfer training." Human Resource Development International 23, no. 3 (March 20, 2018): 309–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13678868.2018.1449547.

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Fichter, M. M., and C. Daser. "Symptomatology, psychosexual development and gender identity in 42 anorexic males." Psychological Medicine 17, no. 2 (May 1987): 409–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003329170002496x.

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SynopsisForty-two male patients with an anorexic syndrome were assessed. Twenty-nine of them had a primary anorexia nervosa (most of them also had bulimic symptoms). They were compared with a series of 23 female anorexia nervosa patients. The males scored more highly than female patients on a number of symptoms, but generally more similarities than differences in symptomatology were apparent. Male patients with primary anorexia nervosa also showed several signs of a disturbed psychosexual and gender identity development. The data support the hypothesis that males with atypical gender role behaviour have an increased risk for developing anorexia nervosa or bulimia in adolescence.

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Visek, Amanda J., Heather Mannix, Avinash Chandran, Sean D. Cleary, Karen A. McDonnell, and Loretta DiPietro. "Toward Understanding Youth Athletes’ Fun Priorities: An Investigation of Sex, Age, and Levels of Play." Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal 28, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 34–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.2018-0004.

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Colloquial conjecture asserts perceptions of difference in what is more or less important to youth athletes based on binary categorization, such as sex (girls vs. boys), age (younger vs. older), and level of competitive play (recreational vs. travel). The fun integration theory’s FUN MAPS, which identify 11 fun-factors comprised of 81 fun-determinants, offers a robust framework from which to test these conceptions related to fun. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to scientifically explore: (a) the extent to which soccer players’ prioritization of the 11 fun-factors and 81 fun-determinants were consistent with the gender differences hypothesis or the gender similarities hypothesis, and (b) how their fun priorities evolved as a function of their age and level of play. Players’ (n = 141) data were selected from the larger database that originally informed the conceptualization of the fun integration theory’s FUN MAPS. Following selection, innovative pattern match displays and go-zone displays were produced to identify discrete points of consensus and discordance between groups. Regardless of sex, age, or level of play, results indicated extraordinarily high consensus among the players’ reported importance of the fun-factors (r = .90–.97) and fun-determinants (r = .92–.93), which were consistently grouped within strata of primary, secondary, and tertiary importance. Overall, results were consistent with the gender similarities hypothesis, thereby providing the first data to dispel common conceptions about what is most fun with respect to sex, in addition to age and level of play, in a sample of youth soccer players.

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Actis-Grosso, Rossana, Carlotta Lega, Alessandro Zani, Olga Daneyko, Zaira Cattaneo, and Daniele Zavagno. "Can music be figurative? Exploring the possibility of crossmodal similarities between music and visual arts." Psihologija 50, no. 3 (2017): 285–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/psi1703285a.

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According to both experimental research and common sense, classical music is a better fit for figurative art than jazz. We hypothesize that similar fits may reflect underlying crossmodal structural similarities between music and painting genres. We present two preliminary studies aimed at addressing our hypothesis. Experiment 1 tested the goodness of the fit between two music genres (classical and jazz) and two painting genres (figurative and abstract). Participants were presented with twenty sets of six paintings (three figurative, three abstract) viewed in combination with three sound conditions: 1) silence, 2) classical music, or 3) jazz. While figurative paintings scored higher aesthetic appreciation than abstract ones, a gender effect was also found: the aesthetic appreciation of paintings in male participants was modulated by music genre, whilst music genre did not affect the aesthetic appreciation in female participants. Our results support only in part the notion that classical music enhances the aesthetic appreciation of figurative art. Experiment 2 aimed at testing whether the conceptual categories ?figurative? and ?abstract? can be extended also to music. In session 1, participants were first asked to classify 30 paintings (10 abstract, 10 figurative, 10 ambiguous that could fit either category) as abstract or figurative and then to rate them for pleasantness; in session 2 participants were asked to classify 40 excerpts of music (20 classical, 20 jazz) as abstract or figurative and to rate them for pleasantness. Paintings which were clearly abstract or figurative were all classified accordingly, while the majority of ambiguous paintings were classified as abstract. Results also show a gender effect for painting?s pleasantness: female participants rated higher ambiguous and abstract paintings. More interestingly, results show an effect of music genre on classification, showing that it is possible to classify music as figurative or abstract, thus supporting the hypothesis of cross-modal similarities between the two sensory-different artistic expressions.

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Більше джерел

Частини книг з теми "Gender similarities hypothesis"

Milam, Erika Lorraine. "Human Nature." In Creatures of Cain, 261–76. Princeton University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691181882.003.0016.

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This chapter looks at the scientific revelations produced by Jane Goodall's studies on great apes and the effects these studies had on the contentious field of sociobiology. When Jane Goodall and David Hamburg argued for the biological similarities shared by humans and chimpanzees, they also articulated a vision of human nature. They based this vision on biological relatedness rather than on ecological sympathy and implicitly questioned the gendered roles and social hierarchies that characterized baboon behavior as the most appropriate primate model for reconstructing the social and behavioral norms that might have characterized early human life on the savannah. Goodall's early discoveries that chimpanzees manufactured tools, sticks with which to eat termites and masticated leaves with which to sponge up water, fit well with hypotheses that the origins of tool use lay in manufacturing aids for “gathering and processing food” rather than as weapons. But one of Hamburg's graduate students later recalled him warning her not to go overboard with sociobiology.

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Rodriguez-Pascual, Fernando. "The Evolutionary Origin of Elastin: Is Fibrillin the Lost Ancestor?" In Extracellular Matrix - Developments and Therapeutics [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95411.

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Elastin is the extracellular matrix protein providing large arteries, lung parenchyma and skin with the properties of extensibility and elastic recoil. Within these tissues, elastin is found as a polymer formed by tropoelastin monomers assembled and cross-linked. In addition to specific protein regions supporting the covalent cross-links, tropoelastin is featured by the presence of highly repetitive sequences rich in proline and glycine making up the so-called hydrophobic domains. These protein segments promote structural flexibility and disordered protein properties, a fundamental aspect to explain its elastomeric behavior. Unlike other matrix proteins such as collagens or laminins, elastin emerged relatively late in evolution, appearing at the divergence of jawed and jawless fishes, therefore present in all species from sharks to humans, but absent in lampreys and other lower chordates and invertebrates. In spite of an intense interrogation of the key aspects in the evolution of elastin, its origin remains still elusive and an ancestral protein that could give rise to a primordial elastin is not known. In this chapter, I review the main molecular features of tropoelastin and the available knowledge on its evolutionary history as well as establish hypotheses for its origin. Considering the remarkable similarities between the hydrophobic domains of the first recognizable elastin gene from the elasmobranch Callorhinchus milii with certain fibrillin regions from related fish species, I raise the possibility that fibrillins might have provided protein domains to an ancestral elastin that thereafter underwent significant evolutionary changes to give the elastin forms found today.

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"Challenges for Diadromous Fishes in a Dynamic Global Environment." In Challenges for Diadromous Fishes in a Dynamic Global Environment, edited by Ian R. Bradbury, Mark W. Coulson, Steven E. Campana, Eric Baggs, and Paul Bentzen. American Fisheries Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874080.ch6.

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Abstract.-Postglacial colonization of temperate latitudes by anadromous fishes has frequently resulted in radiation into multiple migration and morphological phenotypes, among which evolutionary relationships are often poorly understood. Freshwater phenotypes may be derived from freshwater forms or independent postglacial colonization by a marine ancestor (i.e., raceme structure). We examined genetic and morphological variation associated with the transition from anadromy to freshwater residency in rainbow smelt Osmerus mordax. Colonization pathways were reconstructed using nine microsatellite loci and mtDNA sequence data, between three pairs of anadromous and adjacent landlocked populations in southeastern Newfoundland. Microsatellite data indicate strong associations between adjacent anadromous and freshwater populations in two of three pairs consistent with independent parallel colonization. In contrast mtDNA sequence analysis suggests little variation and colonization of most of the region by a single glacial race. To explore the independent parallel transition from anadromous to nonanadromous populations, we document a novel estuarine dwarf phenotype inhabiting a partially landlocked fjord (Holyrood Pond) and examine the hypothesis that this estuarine dwarf represents a transitional form between the commonly observed anadromous and freshwater morphs. Habitat reconstructions using LA-ICP-MS and otolith elemental composition from each of the anadromous and freshwater locations as well as Holyrood Pond indicate that Holyrood Pond smelt exist primarily in a stable estuarine environment. Likewise, microsatellite loci show similar levels of diversity and only moderate divergence between nearby anadromous locations and Holyrood Pond. In contrast, morphological and shape variation suggests some similarities between Holyrood Pond and freshwater dwarfs. Comparison of phenotypic and genetic differentiation (i.e., PST and FST) suggest phenotypic convergence among freshwater forms and a greater phenotypic similarity between freshwater and Holyrood Pond dwarfs than between Holyrood Pond and anadromous locations. Estimates of PST were twice those of FST between anadromous and Holyrood Pond smelt consistent with divergence with gene flow. We conclude that postglacial colonization in smelt primarily occurs independently through parallel radiations, and may occur even in the presence of gene flow likely resulting in large variation in migration phenotype and life history.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Gender similarities hypothesis"

Nişancı, Murat, Aslı Cansın Doker, Adem Türkmen, and Ömer Selçuk Emsen. "The Determinants of Labor Productivity: Analyses on Chosen Countries (1960-2010)." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c07.01550.

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Discussions on economic productivity, in micro analysis aspects there is direct causal relationship between increases or decreases in the production and productivity, whereas it can be said that productivity is based on economic recession or growth in macro analysis aspects. In the literature, while Classical theoreticians is attributed that the source of growth is the marginal productivity of capital, neoclassic school claims that marginal productivity difference provide benefit the country from behind for realization of the convergence hypothesis. Furthermore, increasing efficiency and as the factors this increase efficiency human capital, learning by doing concepts and technology are focused in the endogenous growth theories. In this study, human capital, physical capital per worker, exports per worker, gender differences, fertility, life expectancy and dependent population ratio were determined as determinants of labor productivity. In respect to labor productivity, variables are divided to three main groups in order to economic demographic and social and psychological factors. The variables are placed with taking five years average due to the fact that those variables’ effects reveal themselves more clearly in the long term. In the paper, it was investigated by panel data analysis considering groups of developed and developing countries between 1960 and 2010 period. In this context the degree of efficiency may well be discussed with parameters of selected variables for productivity of labor. Additionally, within framework of descriptive statistics the differences and similarities between countries were interpreted for political recommendations to developing countries how to increase productivity for catching developed countries’ growth trend.

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