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Книги з теми "Gay men – Brazil"

Щоб переглянути інші типи публікацій з цієї теми, перейдіть за посиланням: Gay men – Brazil.

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 29 січня 2023

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1

Beneath the equator: Cultures of desire, male homosexuality, and emerging gay communities in Brazil. New York: Routledge, 1999.

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2

Bahia, Grupo Gay da, and International Gay and Lesbian Human Rights Commission., eds. Epidemic of hate: Violations of the human rights of gay men, lesbians, and transvestites in Brazil. Salvador Bahia, Brazil: Grupo Gay de Bahia, 1996.

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3

House, Richard. Bruiser. New York: Serpent's Tail, 1997.

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4

M, Mathy Robin, ed. Male homosexuality in foursocieties: Brazil, Guatemala, the Philippines, and the United States. New York: Praeger, 1985.

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5

Whitam, Frederick L. Male homosexuality in four societies: Brazil, Guatemala, the Philippines, and the United States. New York: Praeger, 1986.

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6

Ronald, Polito, ed. Frescos trópicos: Fontes sobre a homossexualidade masculina no Brasil, 1870-1980. Rio de Janeiro, RJ: José Olympio Editora, 2004.

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7

2050 ke huan da cheng zhen: Chao neng li, xin zhi kong zhi, ren zao ji yi, yi wang yao wan, nai mi ji qi ren ji jiang gai bian wo men de shi jie. Taibei Shi: Shi bao wen hua chu ban qi ye gu fen you xian gong si, 2015.

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8

Beyond Carnival: Male Homosexuality in Twentieth-Century Brazil (Worlds of Desire: The Chicago Series on Sexuality, Gender, and Culture). University Of Chicago Press, 2000.

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9

Green, James N. Beyond Carnival: Male Homosexuality in Twentieth-Century Brazil (Worlds of Desire: The Chicago Series on Sexuality, Gender, and Culture). University Of Chicago Press, 2001.

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10

Moser, Benjamin. Chronicle of the Murdered House. Open Letter, 2016.

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11

The Zookeeper. Alyson Books, 2006.

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12

Smith, Bill. Marketplace. Nazca Plains Corporation, The, 2011.

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13

Nolan, Nick. Double Bound. AmazonEncore, 2010.

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14

Whitam, Frederick L., and Robin M. Mathy. Male Homosexuality in Four Societies: Brazil, Guatemala, the Philippines, and the United States. Praeger Publishers, 1985.

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15

1956-, Parker Richard G., and Terto Júnior Veriano, eds. Entre homens: Homossexualidade e AIDS no Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: ABIA, 1998.

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16

Skarbek, David. The Puzzle of Prison Order. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190672492.001.0001.

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Анотація:

The Puzzle of Prison Order presents a theory of why prisons and prison life vary so much. While many people think prisons are all the same—rows of cells filled with violent men who officials rule with an iron fist, life behind bars varies in incredible ways. In some facilities, prison officials govern with care and attention to prisoners’ needs. In others, officials have remarkably little influence on the everyday life of prisoners, sometimes not even providing necessities like food and clean water. Why does prison social order around the world look so remarkably different? This book shows that how prisons are governed—sometimes by the state and sometimes by the prisoners—is tremendously important. It investigates life in a wide array of facilities—prisons in Brazil, Bolivia, Norway, England and Wales, a prisoner of war camp, women’s prisons in California, and a gay and transgender housing unit in the Los Angeles County Jail—to understand the hierarchy of life on the inside. Drawing on theories from political economy and a vast empirical literature on prison systems, the book offers a framework for understanding how social order evolves and takes root behind bars.

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17

Burlina, Alessandro, and Renzo Manara. Brain MRI in Inherited Metabolic Diseases of Adulthood. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199972135.003.0069.

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Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an important tool to investigate inherited metabolic diseases in adulthood. In the present chapter the major neuroradiological findings that brain MRI can provide to adult metabolic clinicians will be presented, classified according to white and gray matter involvement.The role of brain MRI in the diagnostic process and clinical monitoring of specific inherited metabolic affecting the brain will be examined.

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18

Banjara, Manoj, and Damir Janigro. Effects of the Ketogenic Diet on the Blood-Brain Barrier. Edited by Detlev Boison. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190497996.003.0030.

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Ketone bodies (KBs) are always present in the blood, and their levels increase after high-fat diet intake, prolonged exercise, or extended fasting. Thus, one can predict effects on the brain capillary endothelium from high levels of ketones in the blood. Prolonged exposure of blood-brain barrier (BBB) endothelial cells to KBs induces expression of monocarboxylate transporters and enhances brain uptake of KBs. In addition, cell migration and expression of gap junction proteins are up-regulated by KBs. Thus, beneficial effects of the ketogenic diet may depend on increased brain uptake of KBs to match metabolic demand and repair of a disrupted BBB. As the effects of KBs on the BBB and their transport mechanisms across the BBB are better understood, it will be possible to develop alternative strategies to optimize the therapeutic benefits of KBs for brain disorders where the BBB is compromised.

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19

Hoftman, Gil D., and Dean F. Salisbury. Neurobiology of Schizophrenia. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199331505.003.0005.

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Schizophrenia is a brain disease with unknown etiology; a variety of neurodevelopmental mechanisms contribute to its pathogenesis. In this chapter, we review some of the most salient neurobiological findings that seem to be linked with the pathophysiology of psychosis generally and schizophrenia specifically. Several important findings have been made from neuroimaging and neuropathology, including reduced whole-brain volume, enlarged ventricles, and decreased cortical gray matter. Abnormalities in the prefrontal cortex, such as decreased dendritic spine density, are particularly important for cognitive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Functional imaging suggests that patterns of activation may be closely linked to symptom clusters. We will review neurotransmitter abnormalities, especially dopamine but also glutamate and GABA, and relevant circuitry and connectivity problems related to pathology. Finally, we will discuss genetics and heritability, and the challenges of identifying relevant loci in such a complex disorder.

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20

Paris, Joel. The Limits of Neuroscience. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190601010.003.0002.

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Анотація:

The reduction of mental phenomena to neurochemistry and neural connectivity is a theoretical position called “greedy reductionism.” Although reduction can be an illuminating research strategy, it should not be used to downplay research at mental levels or to promote theories of mental disorder that give primacy only to neurochemistry and neuroconnectivity. Although mind depends on brain, mental activity has emergent properties that cannot be explained reductively. This explanatory gap may help explain why neuroscience and cognitive science provide an incomplete model of the mind. This chapter evaluates the Research Domain Criteria system and examines the current state of neuroscience. Despite dramatic progress during recent decades, the field remains in its infancy. The most striking advances have been in neuroimaging. Although there are correlations between clinical observations and brain imaging, many findings remain nonspecific. Similar limitations apply to other areas of biological research on neurotransmitters, the neural “connectome,” and neuropsychology.

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21

Boedhoe, Premika S. W., and Odile A. van den Heuvel. The Structure of the OCD Brain. Edited by Christopher Pittenger. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190228163.003.0023.

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This chapter summarizes the most consistent findings of structural neuroimaging studies of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and discusses their relationship within the implicated brain networks. The techniques used in these studies are diverse, and include manual tracing of specific regions of interest, whole-brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) for both gray matter and white matter volume comparisons, FreeSurfer to investigate differences in cortical thickness and subcortical volumes, and other methods such as covariance analyses. Findings on white matter integrity with tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) and in diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies are discussed as well.The literature shows that the pathophysiology of OCD cannot be explained by alterations in function and structure of the classical cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) regions exclusively, but that fronto-limbic and fronto-parietal connections are important as well, and the role of the cerebellum needs more attention in future research.

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22

Nestler, Eric J. The Biological Basis of Depression. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190603342.003.0001.

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Most major advances in biomedical research have relied on the use of animal and cell models of disease. This is a particularly difficult challenge in psychiatry, because many core symptoms of mental illnesses are inherently inaccessible in animals. Moreover, because still today there are no bona fide molecular-cellular abnormalities that are pathogenomic for these illnesses, cell models are even more far afield. This chapter reviews efforts to overcome these obstacles and use animal and cell studies to better understand the biological basis of depression and to develop improved treatments. An important distinction is made between acute vs. chronic stress models as well as differentiating the changes that stress induces in brain that mediate deleterious maladaptations as opposed to homeostatic adaptations that help the individual cope with the stress. Studies along these lines are making major strides in identifying candidate molecular pathways that should be mined for new antidepressant treatments. However, a major gap in the field is the great difficulty in testing novel mechanisms in humans; closing this gap is one of the highest priorities for the field.

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23

De Deyne, Cathy, and Jo Dens. Neurological assessment of the acute cardiac care patient. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0016.

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Анотація:

Many techniques are currently available for cerebral physiological monitoring in the intensive cardiac care unit environment. The ultimate goal of cerebral monitoring applied during the acute care of any patient with/or at risk of a neurological insult is the early detection of regional or global hypoxic/ischaemic cerebral insults. In the most ideal situation, cerebral monitoring should enable the detection of any deterioration before irreversible brain damage occurs or should at least enable the preservation of current brain function (such as in comatose patients after cardiac arrest). Most of the information that affects bedside care of patients with acute neurologic disturbances is now derived from clinical examination and from knowledge of the pathophysiological changes in cerebral perfusion, cerebral oxygenation, and cerebral function. Online monitoring of these changes can be realized by many non-invasive techniques, without neglecting clinical examination and basic physiological variables such as invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring or arterial blood gas analysis.

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24

De Deyne, Cathy, Ward Eertmans, and Jo Dens. Neurological assessment of the acute cardiac care patient. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0016_update_001.

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Анотація:

Many techniques are currently available for cerebral physiological monitoring in the intensive cardiac care unit environment. The ultimate goal of cerebral monitoring applied during the acute care of any patient with/or at risk of a neurological insult is the early detection of regional or global hypoxic/ischaemic cerebral insults. In the most ideal situation, cerebral monitoring should enable the detection of any deterioration before irreversible brain damage occurs or should at least enable the preservation of current brain function (such as in comatose patients after cardiac arrest). Most of the information that affects bedside care of patients with acute neurologic disturbances is now derived from clinical examination and from knowledge of the pathophysiological changes in cerebral perfusion, cerebral oxygenation, and cerebral function. Online monitoring of these changes can be realized by many non-invasive techniques, without neglecting clinical examination and basic physiological variables—with possible impact on optimal cerebral perfusion/oxygenation—such as invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring or arterial blood gas analysis.

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25

Beydon, Laurent, and Flavie Duc. Inhalational anaesthetic agents in critical illness. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0046.

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Анотація:

Inhalational anaesthetic agents have limited applications in the intensive care unit (ICU), as their delivery requires specific equipment, which are not routinely available. Sevoflurane and isoflurane are the two agents eligible for this purpose. They both show good clinical tolerance and versatility, but may raise cerebral blood flow above 1 minimum alveolar concentration. This property makes them unsuitable for sedation in patients suffering from acute brain injury. Sevoflurane is known to be partly metabolized via the cytochrome pathway in inorganic fluoride. This latter accumulates in a dose- and time-dependent manner, especially in a closed circuit with soda lime. However, no clinical renal injury has been proven, despite several studies reporting on sevoflurane in ICUs. A fresh gas flow above 2 L/min is required to limit inorganic fluoride build-up. Halogenates have been proven to allow efficient sedation in ICU patients for up to several days. They may be considered as therapeutic agents especially in refractory status asthmaticus. Insufficient data exist to recommend halogenates to treat status epilepticus. Nitrous oxide, in 50% oxygen, may serve to allow sedation/analgesia for short and moderately procedures. Xenon, an inert gas that discloses anaesthetic properties with extremely fast onset and recovery, and also has no haemodynamic side effects remains confined to the operating theatre. It requires specific anaesthetic machines and is, at present, too expensive to represent a routine inhalational anaesthetic agent.

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