Готові списки джерел за темами / Gas-liquid apparatuses

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Gas-liquid apparatuses"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Gas-liquid apparatuses"

Leont'ev, B. K., O. N. Korableva, and E. A. Girba. "THE USE OF GAS-LIQUID APPARATUSES IN INDUSTRY." From Chemistry Towards Technology Step-By-Step 2, no. 2 (2021): 166–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.52957/27821900_2021_02_166.

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Girba, E. A., and O. N. Korableva. "Determination of Injection Ratio of Liquid-Gas Injection Apparatuses." Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 57, no. 7-8 (November 2021): 538–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10556-021-00972-3.

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Sokolov, V. N., and M. A. Yablokova. "Apparatuses with gas injection and dispersion by turbulent liquid jets." Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 32, no. 3 (May 1996): 238–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02411593.

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Fereferov, Mihail, Boris Ul'yanov, Oleg Mussakaev, and Aleksandr Lymar'. "HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE COMBINED PLATES DISC-MASS TRANSFER APPARATUSES." Modern Technologies and Scientific and Technological Progress 2018, no. 1 (March 23, 2020): 52–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.36629/2686-9896-2020-2018-1-52-53.

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Laptev, A. G., T. M. Farakhov, and M. M. Basharov. "Determining efficiency of removal of dispersed phase from gases and modernization of scrubbers using high-performance packings." Safety and Reliability of Power Industry 12, no. 1 (April 10, 2019): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24223/1999-5555-2019-12-1-50-55.

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A solution to the problem of modeling the removal of a finely dispersed phase from stack gases and process gases at power engineering and petrochemical enterprises using a column apparatus filled with new highly efficient random and structured packings is considered.The use of diffusion and cell models of the flow structure for calculating a concentration profile of particles settling on a liquid fi lm in apparatuses filled with various packings is shown. Accounting for the deposition of finely dispersed particles from gases on the interfacial surface of the liquid fi lm flowing down along the packing is carried out using a bulk source of mass. The model of turbulent-inertial sedimentation of particles is adopted. The main parameters of the model are the coefficient of turbulent migration of particles to the fi lm surface on contact devices, a modified Peclet number with a backmixing coefficient, and the number of complete mixing cells. This approach can be generalized to a wide class of fi lm-type apparatuses for wet gas cleaning with the aim of designing them or choosing modernization options. Expressions are obtained for calculating the efficiency of aerosol separation on packings as well as the required depth of the packed bed for a given efficiency.Results of calculating the efficiency of gas purification from aerosols with the use of various types of packings in scrubbers as well as the required depth of the packed bed for a given efficiency are presented. A graphical dependence of the power spent on gas cleaning in apparatuses with different packings is given. Results of solving the production problem of cleaning pyrogas from coke and tar by circulating water in a modernized scrubber with new highperformance packings are shown.Expressions for calculating the rate of turbulent particle migration for random and structured packings as well as modified Peclet numbers are presented. A distinctive feature of these expressions is the calculation based on the known hydraulic resistance of contact devices.

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Leontiev, V. K., and O. N. Korableva. "Calculation of Energy of Aeration of Working Volume in Gas-Liquid Ejection Apparatuses." Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 57, no. 3-4 (July 2021): 354–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10556-021-00942-9.

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Luty, Przemysław, and Mateusz Prończuk. "Determination of a Bubble Drag Coefficient during the Formation of Single Gas Bubble in Upward Coflowing Liquid." Processes 8, no. 8 (August 17, 2020): 999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8080999.

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Bubble flow is present in many processes that are the subject of chemical engineering research. Many correlations for determination of the equivalent bubble diameter can be found in the scientific literature. However, there are only few describing the formation of gas bubbles in flowing liquid. Such a phenomenon occurs for instance in airlift apparatuses. Liquid flowing around the gas bubble creates a hydraulic drag force that leads to reduction of the formed bubble diameter. Usually the value of the hydraulic drag coefficient, cD, for bubble formation in the flowing liquid is assumed to be equal to the drag coefficient for bubbles rising in the stagnant liquid, which is far from the reality. Therefore, in this study, to determine the value of the drag coefficient of bubbles forming in flowing liquid, the diameter of the bubbles formed at different liquid velocity was measured using the shadowgraphy method. Using the balance of forces affecting the bubble formed in the coflowing liquid, the hydraulic drag coefficient was determined. The obtained values of the drag coefficient differed significantly from those calculated using the correlation for gas bubble rising in stagnant liquid. The proposed correlation allowed the determination of the diameter of the gas bubble with satisfactory accuracy.

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Issayeva, Aikerim Nurlankyzy. "Calculation of Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Apparatus with Regular Tubular Packing." Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska 23 (2021): 868–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.54740/ros.2021.059.

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Анотація:

Among the apparatuses with a regular arrangement of packing elements creating an in-phase mode of vortex interaction, which ensures high efficiency of the processes, it is interesting to use a standard tubular packing. Such packing allows additional advantages associated with heat supply or extraction directly in the contact zone of the interacting phases, which is very important for conducting some chemisorption processes. The research covers such hydrodynamic regularities as hydraulic resistance during a heat carrier movement in pipes and during external flow around a tubular beam, retained liquid amount and gas content of layer in the external flow around the tubular beam with liquid and gas flows. The research was carried out using an experimental setup with a heat and mass transfer apparatus with regular tubular packing. The medium used during experiments is water-air. The research methodology included standard methods for determining hydraulic resistance and retained liquid amount and visual observation and photographing of gas-liquid flows. The novelty of the research was equations – one for calculating the hydraulic resistance in pipes, taking into account local resistances and pipe roughness. The other ones for determining the pressure losses during the external flow around the tubular beam, the retained liquid amount, and the gas content of the layer, taking into account the vortex interaction of gas and liquid flows. Graphical and calculated dependences of the investigated hydrodynamic characteristics were obtained as a result of the conducted research of the hydraulic resistance during the heat carrier movement in the pipes, as well as the hydraulic resistance and the retained liquid amount during the external flow around the tubular beam with a change in the gas velocity and irrigation density. When the heat carrier flows in the pipes, the numerical values of the hydraulic resistance in the transient mode do not exceed 1.5 kPa, in the developed turbulence mode in the range of the Reynolds number from 1·104 to 6·104 DР varies from 1.5 to 53 kPa. With the external flow around the tubular beam, in the developed turbulence mode wg = 4 m/s and L = 25 m3/m2h, the hydraulic resistance is 85 Pa, the retained liquid amount is 4.5·10-3 m. The change in the irrigation density in this mode (developed turbulence) in the L range from 10 to 100 m3/m2h leads to an increase in the hydraulic resistance from 65 to 160 Pa, the retained liquid amount from 2.16·10-3 to 13.6·10-3 m. The calculated dependencies are the basis of the method for calculating the hydrodynamic characteristics of the apparatus with the regular tubular packing, which can be used to calculate industrial devices.

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Scargiali, Francesca, Antonio Busciglio, Andrea Cipollina, Franco Grisafi, Giorgio Micale, Alessandro Tamburini, Giuseppa Vella, and Alberto Brucato. "Modelling and Simulation of Gas–liquid Hydrodynamics in a Rectangular Air-lift Reactor." International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering 11, no. 2 (July 3, 2013): 667–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijcre-2012-0040.

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Abstract Computational Fluid Dynamics is a quite well established tool for carrying out realistic simulations of process apparatuses. However, as a difference from single phase systems, for multiphase systems the development of CFD models is still in progress. Among the two-phase systems, gas–liquid systems are characterised by an additional complexity level, related to the fact that bubble sizes are not known in advance, being rather the result of formation and breakage-coalescence dynamics and therefore of complex phenomena related to flow dynamics and interfacial effects. In the present work, Euler–Euler Reynolds-averaged flow simulations of an air-lift reactor are reported. All bubbles are assumed to share the same size, and a simplified approach is adopted for modelling inter-phase momentum exchange, that involves bubble terminal velocity as the sole parameter needed. Good agreement between simulation results and literature experimental data is found for all the gas flow rates simulated. This result implies that, despite the many simplifications that have to be adopted in order to make them viable, fully predictive CFD simulations of gas–liquid systems can give rise to reasonably accurate predictions of reactor fluid dynamics.

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Lapteva, E. A., and A. G. Laptev. "Models and calculations of the effectiveness of gas and liquid cooling in foam and film apparatuses." Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering 50, no. 4 (July 2016): 430–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0040579516040394.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Gas-liquid apparatuses"

Никольский, Валерий Евгеньевич. "Синергетические реакционно-массообменные процессы в газожидкостных аппаратах и топливных агрегатах химической технологии". Thesis, Украинский государственный химико-технологический университет, 2016. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/24524.

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Диссертация на соискание ученой степени доктора технических наук по специальности 05.17.08 – процессы и оборудование химической технологии. – Национальный технический университет "Харьковский политехнический институт" Министерства образования и науки Украины, Харьков, 2016 г. Диссертационная работа посвящена решению актуальной инжиниринговой научно-технической проблемы: разработать современные энергоэффективные экологически чистые технологии, средства генерирования и потребления тепловой энергии с применением систем рекуперации теплоты на основе синергетического единства аппаратурно-технологического оформления процессов и системного подхода. В работе разработаны научно-методологические основы и практические способы повышения эффективности использования топлива в газожидкостных аппаратах и топливных агрегатах химической технологии за счет интенсификации тепловых процессов в их рабочем пространстве. С позиции совершенствования топливо– и материалосберегающих техники и технологий созданы новые конструкции газожидкостных аппаратов и топливных агрегатов. На их основе синтезированы экологически чистые энергоэффективные технологические системы (ЭТС), приемлемые для химической технологии и других сфер промышленности, коммунального, сельского хозяйства, отвечающие современным энергетическим и экологическим требованиям. Систематизированы методы интенсификации гетерогенных процессов в теплотехнологических аппаратах; предложены новые перспективные РТ и АК методы интенсификации и обоснована целесообразность их практического использования при синтезе новых ЭТС на базе синергетически совмещенных реакционно-разделительных процессов (обеспечение неоднофазности, наложение электрических и магнитных полей на контактирующие фазы, оптимизация параметров пульсаций в гетерогенных системах, одно- и многотипное комбинирование теплогенерирующих аппаратов, обеспечение многократных входных и концевых эффектов, соударения, закручивания, взаимной эжекции контактирующих фаз и их осциллирования, циклический подвод энергии). Разработанные и приведенные в диссертации аппараты, технологические процессы и оборудование широко внедрены на предприятиях Минхимпрома, Минметаллургии, Минавтопрома, Минкоммунхоза Украины и стран СНГ.
A thesis for Doctor of Technical degree, specialty 05.17.08 – process and equipments of chemical technology. – National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute" Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Kharkiv, 2016. The thesis deals with the improvement of actual engineering science-technical problem: the development of the modern energy effective ecological technologies, the means of energy generation and consumption using the heat recuperation systems on the base of synergetic unity of hardware implementation of the processes and system approach. For that the methodological fundamentals and practical methods of increasing of fuel utilization efficiency in the gas-liquid apparatuses and in the fuel combustion units of chemical technology at the expense of heat processes intensification were developed. Looking for improvements in fuel efficiency and materials saving the new constructions of gas-liquid apparatuses and fuel combustion units were created. On this base the ecological and energy efficiency technological systems were synthesized. They confirm to the requirements of modern power engineering and they are acceptable for the chemical technology and the other industries, as well as for communal services and agriculture. The high-effective contact-module system was developed. It was equipped with the immersion combustion apparatuses with multiple phase inversion and oscillation modulating of contacted phases. The system can be used for heat supply of industrial and agricultural buildings, apartment houses without using boilers with heat utilization of combustion products, when heat rating of 200, 400, 600, 1000, 2000 kWt is assumed, depending a need for generated heat. The expenses for complex structures and buildings’ heating using the development are decreased by 2,5 – 2,8 times in comparison with the traditional means. Contact-module system has stood the government heat-ecological test, which confirmed its high efficiency, ecological compatibility, serviceability. Construction standard specifications for serial production in the different branches of economy were obtained. The developed and presented in the thesis apparatuses, technological processes and equipments were applied in chemistry, metallurgy, motor-car industries and in communal services in Ukraine and CIS countries.

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Нікольський, Валерій Євгенович. "Синергетичні реакційно-масообмінні процеси в газорідинних апаратах і паливних агрегатах хімічної технології". Thesis, НТУ "ХПІ", 2016. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/24517.

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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня доктора технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.17.08 – процеси та обладнання хімічної технології. – Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут" Міністерства освіти і науки України, Харків, 2016 р. Дисертаційна робота присвячена вирішенню актуальної інжинірингової науково-технічної проблеми: розробити сучасні енергоефективні екологічно чисті технології, засоби генерування та споживання теплової енергії із застосуванням систем рекуперації теплоти на основі синергетичної єдності апаратурно-технологічного оформлення процесів і системного підходу. У роботі розроблено науково-методологічні основи та практичні способи підвищення ефективності використання палива в газорідинних апаратах і паливних агрегатах хімічної технології за рахунок інтенсифікації теплових процесів в їх робочому просторі. З позиції вдосконалення паливо- і матеріалозберігаючих техніки і технологій створено нові конструкції газорідинних апаратів і паливних агрегатів. На їх основі синтезовано екологічно чисті енергоефективні технологічні системи (ЕТС), прийнятні для хімічної технології та інших сфер промисловості, комунального, сільського господарства, які відповідають сучасним енергетичним та екологічним вимогам. Розроблено високоефективну контактно-модульну систему (КМС), обладнану апаратами зануреного горіння (АЗГ) з багатократною інверсією і модуляцією коливань контактуючих фаз для потреб теплопостачання промислових будівель і споруд, житлових і сільськогосподарських комплексів, яка виключає використання котельних і бойлерних установок з утилізацією теплоти продуктів згоряння, тепловою потужністю 200, 400, 600, 1000, 2000 кВт і вище залежно від потреби в генерованій теплоті. Витрати на обігрівання будівель і споруд при використанні пристрою знижуються в 2,5-2,8 рази в порівнянні з традиційними способами обігрівання. КМС пройшла державні тепло-екологічні випробування, які підтвердили її високу енергоефективність, екологічність, надійність в роботі. Отримано технічні умови на серійне її виготовлення і експлуатацію в різних галузях народного господарства. Розроблені і наведені в дисертації апарати, технологічні процеси і устаткування широко впроваджені на підприємствах Мінхімпрому, Мінметалургіі, Мінавтопрому, Мінкомунгоспу України та країн СНД.
A thesis for Doctor of Technical degree, specialty 05.17.08 – process and equipments of chemical technology. – National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute" Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Kharkiv, 2016. The thesis deals with the improvement of actual engineering science-technical problem: the development of the modern energy effective ecological technologies, the means of energy generation and consumption using the heat recuperation systems on the base of synergetic unity of hardware implementation of the processes and system approach. For that the methodological fundamentals and practical methods of increasing of fuel utilization efficiency in the gas-liquid apparatuses and in the fuel combustion units of chemical technology at the expense of heat processes intensification were developed. Looking for improvements in fuel efficiency and materials saving the new constructions of gas-liquid apparatuses and fuel combustion units were created. On this base the ecological and energy efficiency technological systems were synthesized. They confirm to the requirements of modern power engineering and they are acceptable for the chemical technology and the other industries, as well as for communal services and agriculture. The high-effective contact-module system was developed. It was equipped with the immersion combustion apparatuses with multiple phase inversion and oscillation modulating of contacted phases. The system can be used for heat supply of industrial and agricultural buildings, apartment houses without using boilers with heat utilization of combustion products, when heat rating of 200, 400, 600, 1000, 2000 kWt is assumed, depending a need for generated heat. The expenses for complex structures and buildings’ heating using the development are decreased by 2,5 – 2,8 times in comparison with the traditional means. Contact-module system has stood the government heat-ecological test, which confirmed its high efficiency, ecological compatibility, serviceability. Construction standard specifications for serial production in the different branches of economy were obtained. The developed and presented in the thesis apparatuses, technological processes and equipments were applied in chemistry, metallurgy, motor-car industries and in communal services in Ukraine and CIS countries.

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Barigou, Mostafa. "Bubble size, gas holdup and interfacial area distributions in mechanically agitated gas-liquid reactors." Thesis, University of Bath, 1987. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376338.

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Su, Ching-Yuan, and 蘇慶源. "Realization Of The Uniform Temperature Apparatus With Gas-liquid Coexistent System By Iterative Fuzzy PID Control Approach." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79488502102995187255.

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碩士
國立高雄第一科技大學
系統資訊與控制研究所
101
In order to miniaturize sophisticated electrical component, the ball grid array (BGA) of semiconductor packing method is needed. However, the temperature control is important major process of BGA processes. The purpose of this thesis is to keep uniform temperature between a stove and well mixed of tin liquid on BGA process, and then to improve the yield rate, a curve of temperature even to reduce consumption of electric power. Hence, the phase changed between liquid and gas approach with PID, Fuzzy, Fuzzy-PID control logic to homogenize uniform temperature. Finally, the iterative training Fuzzy-PID approach is used to obtain the best parameters of Kp, Ki, Kd. The experimental results of this thesis show that：When gas pressure is 50psi, gas type is nitrogen, the liquid height is two-thirds in tin stove, the liquid temperature of tin stove can keep on 300℃/12.22min and the range of variation is ±2℃ on stove plate with iterative training Fuzzy-PID approach.

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Книги з теми "Gas-liquid apparatuses"

Hayes, Teresa L., and Rebecca L. Bayrer. Chemical sensors: Liquid, gas & biosensors. Cleveland, Ohio: Freedonia Group, 2002.

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Kenealy, William R. Time- and cost-saving apparatus for analytical sample filtration. Madison, WI: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Product Laboratory, 2005.

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Kenealy, William R. Time- and cost-saving apparatus for analytical sample filtration. Madison, WI: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Product Laboratory, 2005.

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Sneakier uses for everyday things: How to turn a calculator into a metal detector, carry a survival kit in a shoestring, make a gas mask with a balloon, turn dishwashing liquid into a copy machine, convert a styrofoam cup into a speaker, and make a spy gadget jacket with everyday things. Kansas City, MO: Andrews McMeel, 2005.

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Liquid/gas chromatographs and thermal conductivity sensors and analyzers markets, 1982-1992. Mountain View, CA: Market Intelligence Research Co., 1987.

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Two-phase flow research using the learjet apparatus. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.

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Two-phase flow research using the learjet apparatus. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.

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S, Neumann Eric, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Two-phase flow research using the learjet apparatus. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.

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Частини книг з теми "Gas-liquid apparatuses"

Washignton, Rashawn K., and Vinayak N. Kabadi. "An Apparatus for Density and VLE Measurements for Gas-Liquid Systems." In Proceedings of the 2007 National Conference on Environmental Science and Technology, 325–30. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-88483-7_44.

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Taber, Douglass F. "Flow Methods for Organic Synthesis." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199965724.003.0017.

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Carrying out organic synthesis with a flow reactor can offer significant advantages over the more conventional batch processing. Andreas Kirschning of Leibniz Universität Hannover concisely summarized (Chem. Commun. 2011, 47, 4583) the issues surrounding both micro and meso flow methods. Walter Leitner of RWTH Aachen focused (Chem. Commun. 2011, 47, 3691) on near- and supercritical fluids as solvents, and Steven V. Ley of the University of Cambridge discussed in-line IR monitoring for the accurate dispensing of reagents in a flow apparatus (Chem. Sci. 2011, 2, 765) and cryogenic operations (Org. Lett. 2011, 13, 3312). Nicholas E. Leadbeater of the University of Connecticut addressed (Tetrahedron Lett. 2011, 52, 263) the handling of solid reaction products, and Thomas Wirth of Cardiff University (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2011, 50, 357) and Martyn Poiakoff of the University of Nottingham (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2011, 50, 3788) outlined software-based reaction optimization. A recent monograph (reviewed in J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 9948) by Charlotte Wiles of Chemtrix BV and Paul Watts of the University of Hull provides a detailed overview of many of these issues. Simple thermal reactions are easily carried out under flow conditions, with optimized temperature and dwell times. Peter H. Seeberger of Max Planck Potsdam carried out (Chem. Commun. 2011, 47, 2688) the Hemetsberger-Knittel cyclization of 1 to the indole 2, and Lukas J. Goossen of TU Kaiserslautern and Toby Underwood of Pfizer/Sandwich effected ( Chem. Commun. 2011, 47, 3628) the decarboxylative coupling of 3 with 4 to give 5. A flow apparatus can also be used for gas-liquid reactions. C. Oliver Kappe of Karl-Franzen University Graz effected (Org. Lett. 2011, 13, 984) ozonolysis of 6, using the Dussault protocol, and Dong-Pyo Kim of Chungnam National University generated (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2011, 50, 5952) diazomethane in situ to homologate 8 to 9. Mixing can be a serious issue under flow conditions. Sarah J. Dolman of Merck Process observed (J. Org. Chem. 2011, 76, 993) that kinetic deprotonation and formylation of 10 gave 11, but that formylation after aging led to increasing quantities of 12. Using magnetically driven agitation in a tube mixer, she was able to make 11 the dominant product from the flow procedure.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Gas-liquid apparatuses"

Helbig, Klaus, Ralph Nasarek, Tatiana Gambaryan-Roisman, and Peter Stephan. "Effect of Longitudinal Mini-Grooves on Flow Stability and Wave Characteristics of Falling Liquid Films." In ASME 2007 5th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2007-30115.

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Falling liquid films are used in many industrial apparatuses. In many cases the film flow along a wall with topography is considered advantageous for intensification of the transport processes. We use the shadow method and the chromatic white light sensor (CHR) method to study the wavy structure of falling films on flat walls and on walls with longitudinal grooves. We show that the wavy pattern substantially changes on walls with topography. The wave frequency, the wave propagation velocity and the area of the liquid-gas interface decrease on grooved walls. The linear stability of the film has been analyzed using the long-wave theory, which relies on the assumption that the average film thickness is much smaller than the scale of the film thickness variation. The linear stability analysis predicts that the disturbance growth rate, the frequency of the fastest growing disturbance mode and the wave propagation speed decrease on a tube with longitudinal mini-grooves in comparison with a smooth tube. These results agree well with the experimental findings.

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Ben Rajeb, Faraj, Mohamed Odan, Amer Aborig, Syed Imtiaz, Yan Zhang, Mohamed M. Awad, and Mohammad Azizur Rahman. "Experimental Comparison of Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Multiphase Flow in Horizontal Pipes." In ASME 2020 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2020 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2020 18th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2020-20236.

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Abstract Two-phase flow of gas/Newtonian and gas/non-Newtonian fluid through pipes occurs frequently in the chemical industry as well as in petroleum refining. Extensive experimental and theoretical research has been carried out on these systems in order to better understand their behaviour under different conditions regarding pressure, temperature and mixture concentrations. In this study, experimental apparatuses are used to investigate two-phase flow of gas/liquid systems through pipes. Air is used as the gas in the experiments, while water is used as the Newtonian fluid and Xanthan gum as the non-Newtonian fluid. The objectives of the study are to compare pressure drops when the same gas flows simultaneously with Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids through tubes. The comparison here is between experimental pressure drops and estimated pressure drops, based on available empirical correlations for gas/Newtonian and gas/non-Newtonian flow. The trend exhibited by the pressure drops in both systems helps us to better understand the relationship between mixture flow pressure drops in Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids and thereby develop a new experimental model. The tube diameter for the flow loop is 3/4 inch and the flow type ranges from transient to turbulent.

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Buzi, Erjola, Huseyin Seren, Thomas Hillman, Timothy Thiel, Max Deffenbaugh, Ahmed Bukhamseen, and Mohamed Larbi Zeghlache. "Sensor Ball: Modernized Logging." In SPE Middle East Oil & Gas Show and Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204791-ms.

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Abstract The latest development in the electronics and manufacturing industry has enabled work towards the modernization of oil-field instruments. As a part of this trend, it is the time to invent and design small size oil-field instruments that could be much more practical to handle, easy to use, and less costly. High temperatures and pressures of the downhole environment make it very challenging to design and further develop such downhole instruments. To create such apparatuses, a thorough study of downhole conditions needs to be done upfront. This study will further help to define the design specifications and requirements. By targeting liquid wells in Saudi Arabia, we have overcome the challenges posed by the harsh downhole environment and managed to design and manufacture a hand-held device called ‘Sensor Ball’ and tested it in the field.

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Babb, Michael, Subramanyam R. Gollahalli, and Cedomir M. Sliepcevich. "Extinguishment Characteristics of Buoyant Liquid and Gas Diffusion Flames With Physical and Chemical Agents." In ASME 1997 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1997-0868.

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Abstract A comparative study of the extinguishment characteristics of liquid heptane and gaseous propane diffusion flames in a co-flowing stream of air in an apparatus simulating the NFPA standard 2001-cup burner apparatus is presented. A physical agent, carbon dioxide, and a chemical agent Halon 1301 were used as flame extinguishing agents. Results indicate that when the agents were premixed with air, the concentrations of CO2 and Halon 1301 at extinction of propane flames were approximately the same as the corresponding values in heptane flames. Results are substantiated with the measurements of in-flame temperature profiles and exhaust gas composition/temperature measurements in the flames.

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Noville, Ivan, and Antonio C. Bannwart. "Experimental Study of Heat Transfer in Horizontal Gas-Liquid Intermittent Flow." In 2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ihtc14-22698.

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The present work is aimed at the experimental measurement of the two-phase heat transfer coefficient in the intermittent horizontal gas-liquid flow pattern, as well as its comparison with some existing correlations. The intermittent flow pattern is very common in oil production flow lines. In order to reach this objective an experimental apparatus was built, consisting of a 5 cm i.d., 6.0 m long pipe test section fed up with several air-water mixtures pre-heated at different inlet temperatures. Heat transfer was accomplished by surrounding the pipe with a cooling water jacket under various inlet flow rates and temperatures, flowing co-currently with the central pipe gas-liquid mixture. The heat transfer coefficient was experimentally determined and compared with four published correlations. Among then, a mechanistic model was selected for further improvement, with very satisfactory results.

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Lino, Luiz H. M., Henrique K. Eidt, Carolina C. Rodrigues, Cesar Y. Ofuchi, Paulo H. D. Santos, Flavio Neves, Marco J. Silva, and Rigoberto E. M. Morales. "Experimental Analysis of a Liquid-Gas Two-Phase Flow in a Flow Distributor." In ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajkfluids2019-5443.

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Abstract The main goal of this work is to analyze the efficiency of a two-phase flow distribution system for different operational conditions, which was designed and built by the Multiphase Flow Research Center (NUEM). The distribution system is composed of a two tangential inlets, a cyclonic chamber, and four outlets. The working principle of this apparatus is based on the combined action of centrifugal and gravitational forces, which causes the development of a liquid film, facilitating the flow distribution. Four outlets are located perpendicularly to the cyclonic chamber in order to distribute the flow equally to some extent. Experimental tests were performed using water and air in a vertical 52-mm ID acrylic pipe. Two flow patterns (bubble and slug) at the input of the inlets were visually identified through the use of a high-speed camera. To verify the flow distribution, wire-mesh sensors were installed at each outlet and graduated beakers and a timer was used in order to estimate the liquid volume flowing at the outlets. The results showed that the flow distribution system has a satisfactory efficiency of distribution.

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Ando, André Vinícius, Luiz Eduardo Muzzo, and Luiz Eduardo Melo Lima. "Design and Construction of an Experimental Apparatus for Velocity Determination of a Gas Bubble Flowing in Stagnant Liquid." In 26th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering. ABCM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26678/abcm.cobem2021.cob2021-0545.

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Zagirov, A. "SEPARATION OF PYROLYSIS GASES." In Ecological and resource-saving technologies in science and technology. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/erstst2021_78-81.

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A method for separating pyrolysis gases is considered, which is carried out by separating gases into distillate and non-condensable gases. The next stage is the combustion of non-condensable gas in the furnace of a shaft-type pyrolysis apparatus, where it forms flue gas, which, moving along the jacket, transfers part of its heat to the pyrolysis process. After passing through the pyrolysis apparatus, the flue gas enters the drying chamber and participates in the wood drying process. The waste flue gas is then discharged into the atmosphere after cleaning with a liquid.

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Stel, Henrique, Edgar Minoru Ofuchi, Rafael Fabrício Alves, Sergio Chiva, and Rigoberto E. M. Morales. "Experimental Visualization of Gas-Liquid Flow Patterns in a Centrifugal Rotor." In ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajkfluids2019-5029.

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Abstract Centrifugal pumps operating with gas-liquid flows can undergo severe performance degradation. This can be attributed to an effect of the gas phase on the liquid flow orientation in the pump impeller channels, which induces additional hydraulic losses that negatively affect the delivered head and flow rate. Effort to investigate the effect of many operating parameters on the pump performance under multiphase flows can be found on numerous experimental investigations. Few studies, however, bring together flow visualization to understand the physics behind the behavior of centrifugal pumps with gas-liquid flows. One issue is that pumps involve rotating parts, metallic casing and limited visual access, sometimes making it hard to interpret flow patterns and to understand complex phenomena, such as bubble breakup and coalescence. Such issues usually lead to unsatisfactory image quality, which in turn makes it difficult to extract quantitative data from the obtained images, such as gas volume fraction and bubble size distribution. In an attempt to overcome many difficulties of previous investigations, this work presents an experimental study aimed to visualize gas-liquid flow patterns in a centrifugal rotor prototype using a novel approach. The experimental apparatus uses a plane and transparent rotor, assembled with an intake pipe and a discharge chamber by means of a dynamic seal system that dismisses the use of an enclosing pump casing. This makes possible to use back illumination of the impeller for visualization, which in turn is done by using a camera attached to the impeller axis for filming in a rotating frame of reference. This setup, which is new in the open literature, provides high image contrast and sharpness for clear interpretation of the flow patterns found inside the rotor channels for a wide range of operating conditions. This advantage, in turn, allows using image processing for quantitative assessment of gas volume fraction distributions. Pressure rise versus flow rate curves are measured together to investigate the rotor performance degradation associated with the gas-liquid flow patterns for a range of liquid and gas flow rates. Information obtained with the designed experimental setup at controlled conditions help not just to bring further understanding to the complex phenomena involved with multiphase flows in rotating devices, but also in the direction of validating a numerical model for reliable simulations of gas-liquid flows in centrifugal pumps, which is lacking in the current literature.

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Wang, Yejun, Tyler Paschal, and Waruna D. Kulatilaka. "Combustion Characterization of a Fuel-Flexible Piloted Liquid-Spray Flame Apparatus Using Advanced Laser Diagnostics." In ASME Turbo Expo 2019: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2019-91971.

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Abstract Primary energy sources for aviation gas turbines as well as direct-injection gasoline and diesel engines come in the form of liquid hydrocarbon fuels. These liquid fuels are atomized and mixed with air, prior to highly turbulent combustion and heat release processes inside engine hardware. Designing more efficient and cleaner gas turbine engines is hence dependent on the in-depth understanding of spray formation, mixing, heat release, combustion dynamics, and pollutant formation pathways in liquid-fuel spray flames. As compared to gaseous fuels, the additional steps of atomization, dispersion, and evaporation prior to turbulent mixing need to be considered for a variety of liquid fuels to enable fuel-flexible operation of these combustion hardware. Such studies can be largely facilitated by advanced laser diagnostics applied to simplified piloted liquid-spray flame configurations that can also be numerically modeled using well-defined boundary conditions. In this work, a modified configuration of a fuel-flexible piloted liquid-spray flame apparatus is used for detailed laser diagnostics studies using hydroxyl (OH) planar imaging. The configuration consists of a modified McKenna flat-flame burner fitted with a direct-injection high-efficiency nebulizer. OH radical is a primary marker of the reaction zone and a key indicator of the heat release process in flames. OH is abundant in the high-temperature combustion regions providing high signal-to-noise ratio single-laser-shot images revealing flame dynamics and instabilities. Therefore, OH planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) is employed to characterize the dynamic structures of a range of piloted liquid-spray flames operated with methanol (CH3OH), n-Heptane (C7H16), iso-Octane (C8H18), dodecane (C12H26), gasoline (C4–C12), diesel (C12–C20), and kerosene (C6–C16). Single-shot and averaged OH-PLIF images show the presence of strong turbulence in the core region above the surface of the McKenna burner. The reaction zone mainly occurs around the periphery of this region, then it spreads more uniformly due to evaporation of liquid droplets downstream of the spray flame. Two-color OH PLIF thermometry in liquid spray flames operated with gasoline, diesel and kerosene, has been shown that the combustion temperature is in the range of 1200–2000 K. Overall, OH PLIF has been demonstrated to be an efficient approach for dynamic structures and temperature measurements in piloted liquid-spray flames operated with realistic fuels.

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