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Semidotska, ZD, I. A. Cherniakova, M. Iu Neffa, and I. S. Karmazina. "Palliative medicine and family doctor – past, present, future." Shidnoevropejskij zurnal vnutrisnoi ta simejnoi medicini 2017, no. 2 (December 12, 2017): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/internalmed2017.02.016.
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SKRINNIK, Ye. "FAMILOGICAL APPROACH IN FORMING THE OF VALUES OF A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE OF FUTURE APPROACH IN VALUES OF FUTURE FAMILY DOCTORS." ТHE SOURCES OF PEDAGOGICAL SKILLS, no. 21 (March 9, 2018): 178–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2075-146x.2018.21.206274.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The significance of the familial approach in the process of preparing future family doctors for professional activity highlights in the article. The peculiarities of the formation of the values of healthy lifestyle of medical students are determined. The content of the concepts “familogy”, “family values”, “value of personal health”, “values of healthy lifestyle” is revealed. The purpose and tasks of the familial approach in forming the values of a healthy lifestyle of future family doctors are determined. On the basis of theoretical analysis of philosophical, pedagogical, medical, psychological, literature, determined the state of development of the research problem. The proposed scientific and pedagogical approach to the formation of the values of a healthy lifestyle of future family doctors involves the formation of medical students of the traditional system of value orientations for our people, which specify the orientation to the interests and aspirations of the individual, the hierarchy of individual preferences, the motivational program of activity and, ultimately, determine the level of readiness of the family doctor to implement the principles of healthy lifestyle in the family.
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MacLeod, Sheona. "RCGP William Pickles Lecture 2021: The Future Doctor — touching hearts and minds." British Journal of General Practice 71, no. 712 (October 28, 2021): 520–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp21x717641.
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RADU, Irina Angela, Ileana Anca EFRIM, and Dumitru MATEI. "Barriers perceived by family doctors in the implementation of medical education for the prevention of mental health disorders in the perinatal period." Romanian Journal of Medical Practice 16, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjmp.2021.1.11.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objective. The prevention of mental health disorders and the promotion of mental health are valuable tools for reducing the incidence and prevalence of mental health disorders. These tools can be used by family physicians, early, since the perinatal period. The objective of the research was to identify the barriers perceived by family doctors in communicating preventive measures for mental health disorders, through medical education, to the young patient in the preconception period and the pregnant patient. Method and results. The research was conducted on the basis of a self-administered, anonymized questionnaire. The target group was represented by 153 family doctors from Romania. The answers to the questions aiming to identify the possibility for the family doctors to do medical education for the prevention of mental health disorders of the future conception product, in the young woman, in the preconception period as well as in the pregnant woman were analyzed. The results showed that 32.89% of respondents express their willingness to do medical education to prevent mental health disorders of the future product of conception in women in preconception and 41.45% in pregnant women. The ranking of the reasons chosen for the lack of availability to communicate preventive measures during the consultation, in the patient in the preconception period, puts on the first place the lack of necessary work tools (45.10%), and on the second place, the lack of knowledge of communication techniques for such situations (22.55%), and on the third, the fact that patients do not come to the doctor with such questions (17.65%). In pregnant women, the perceived barriers are: lack of necessary work tools (47.19%), lack of knowledge of communication techniques for such situations (22.47%), and the fact that patients do not come with such questions to the family doctor (14.67%). Conclusions. Family physicians express their willingness to communicate preventive measures and to promote mental health through early applied medical education, since the perinatal period. The research reveals that the lack of knowledge of communication techniques, the lack of adapted work tools and the fact that patients do not come with such questions to the family doctor are the main barriers perceived by family doctors.
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JOMPAN, Afilon. "Health care team in rural areas – past, present and future." Romanian Journal of Medical Practice 10, no. 3 (September 30, 2015): 255–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjmp.2015.3.7.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The role of the family doctor in a properly established health system is to provide primary health care, family assistance and nursing. Today it is inconceivable that, in absence of the health care team, to meet its obligations and health indicators to be improved.
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Kozachenko, A. V. "Family memories of Yuriy Vasylyovych Kozachenko." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series: Physics and Mathematics, no. 3 (2020): 30–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1812-5409.2020/3.2.
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The article is dedicated to the memoirs of the sister of the outstanding scientist, Doctor of Sciences in Physics and Mathematics, Professor Yuriy Kozachenko. It tells about the friendly and creative family of Kozachenkos, in which the future mathematician grew up. Some stories from the childhood of Yuriy Kozachenko are described with great warmth.
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Yushmanov, I. G., and O. V. Troepolskaya. "Image of Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine." Russian Osteopathic Journal, no. 3-4 (December 30, 2017): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32885/2220-0975-2017-3-4-20-25.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Goal of research - the study aims to identify characteristic features that create a personal and social image of a doctor of osteopathic medicine.Materials and methods. The study was conducted with undergraduate students (fi rst year to forth year), and graduates (including the teaching staff) of St. Petersburg Institute of Osteopathy. The information was obtained from anonymous surveys completed onsite and remotely.Results. The following image of a doctor of osteopathic medicine is based on the results of this paper. This professional group includes men and women, the majority of them worked as neurologists and chiropractors rather than other medical specialists. Most of them have families with more children than in the average family of doctors. Doctors of osteopathic medicine are specialists with a high potential for personal development and professional growth.Conclusions. The analysis of the professional group in the study sample showed that the majority of respondents specialized in neurology, chiropractic medicine and pediatrics. The main motivation for choosing osteopathy is the professional growth. The created image of a doctor-osteopath is intended to help future specialists compare themselves with this professional group and overcome inevitable doubts about competency.
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Hoedebecke, Kyle, Joseph Scott-Jones, and Luís Pinho-Costa. "New Zealand among global social media initiative leaders for primary care advocacy." Journal of Primary Health Care 8, no. 2 (2016): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc15036.
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Abstract The international ‘#1WordforFamilyMedicine’ initiative explores the identity of General Practitioners (GPs) and Family Physicians (FPs) by allowing the international Family Medicine community to collaborate on advocating for the discipline via social media. The New Zealand version attracted 83 responses on social media. Thematic analysis was performed on the responses and a ‘word cloud’ image was created based on an image identifying the country around the world - that of the silver fern. The ‘#1WorldforFamilyMedicine’ project was promoted by WONCA (World Organisation of Family Doctors) globally to help celebrate World Family Doctor Day on 19 May 2015. To date, over 80 images have been created in 60 different countries on six continents. The images represent GPs’ love for their profession and the community they serve. We hope that this initiative will help inspire current and future Family Medicine and Primary Care providers.
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Shaughnessy, Allen F., David C. Slawson, and Ashley P. Duggan. "“Alexa, Can You Be My Family Medicine Doctor?” The Future of Family Medicine in the Coming Techno-World." Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine 34, no. 2 (March 2021): 430–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2021.02.200194.
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SULYMA, Volodymyr, Yakiv BEREZNYTSKYY, Ruslan DUKA, and Sergij MALINOVSKYJ. "General Surgery and Surgery: Textbooks for Training Foreign Medical Students." Eurasia Proceedings of Health, Environment and Life Sciences 1 (February 16, 2022): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.55549/ephels.20.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The most important thing in education is the development of future doctor is method of preliminary diagnosis of any disease, including surgical. The previously used textbooks on surgery has been described mainly the clinical manifestations of diseases and their treatment techniques, without clarifying the principles and preliminary diagnosis capabilities for students. After medical education the doctors of the general medical practice tasks determinations basic requirements of scope of knowledge and practical skills for graduating student of institute of higher education of IV level of accreditation: goal-directed methodical algorithm of questioning of the patient (getting anamnesis), physical examination, substantiation of provisional diagnosis, determinate algorithm of additional methods of investigations with analysis of received results, differential diagnosis, forming clinical diagnosis, substantiation of treatment program and it’s realization. In the future the young doctor can work not only the doctor of family medicine, but also the expert of other directions, for example - the surgeon. For preparation to practical workies application textbook “General Surgery” for students 2-3 years education and textbooks “General Surgery” and “Surgery” for 2-6 years education English language foreign students and including information on methods and principles of forming of preliminary diagnosis, differential diagnosis, clinical diagnosis and treatment of surgical patients (Ed: Bereznytskyy, Zakharash, Mishalov, Shidlovskyj, 2016, 2019).
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Garnett, Sarah, Hajira Dambha-Miller, and Beth Stuart. "Quantifying empathy levels among UK undergraduate medical students: an online survey." British Journal of General Practice 70, suppl 1 (June 2020): bjgp20X711293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp20x711293.
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BackgroundEmpathy is a key health care concept and refers to care that incorporates understanding of patient perspective’s, shared decision making, and consideration of the broader context in which illness is experience. Evidence suggests experiences of doctor empathy correlate with improved health outcomes and patient satisfaction. It has also been linked to job satisfaction, and mental wellbeing for doctors. To date, there is a paucity of evidence on empathy levels among medical students. This is critical to understand given that it is a key point at which perceptions and practices of empathy in the longer term might be formed.AimTo quantify the level of empathy among UK undergraduate medical studentsMethodAn anonymised cross-sectional online survey was distributed to medical students across three universities. The previously validated Davis’s Interpersonal Reactivity Index was used to quantify empathy. The survey also collected information on age, sex, ethnicity, year of medical school training and included a free-text box for ‘any other comments’.ResultsData analysis is currently underway with high response rates. Mean empathy scores by age, sex, year of study and ethnic group are presented. A correlation analysis will examine associations between age and year of study, and mean empathy sores.ConclusionThese data will help to provide a better understanding of empathy levels to inform the provision of future empathy training and medical school curriculum design. Given previous evidence linking experiences of empathy to better health outcomes, the findings may also be significant to future patient care
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Pentzek, Michael, Michael Wagner, Heinz-Harald Abholz, Horst Bickel, Hanna Kaduszkiewicz, Birgitt Wiese, Siegfried Weyerer, et al. "The value of the GP’s clinical judgement in predicting dementia: a multicentre prospective cohort study among patients in general practice." British Journal of General Practice 69, no. 688 (October 8, 2019): e786-e793. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp19x706037.
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BackgroundClinical judgement is intrinsic to diagnostic strategies in general practice; however, empirical evidence for its validity is sparse.AimTo ascertain whether a GP’s global clinical judgement of future cognitive status has an added value for predicting a patient’s likelihood of experiencing dementia.Design and settingMulticentre prospective cohort study among patients in German general practice that took place from January 2003 to October 2016.MethodPatients without baseline dementia were assessed with neuropsychological interviews over 12 years; 138 GPs rated the future cognitive decline of their participating patients. Associations of baseline predictors with follow-up incident dementia were analysed with mixed-effects logistic and Cox regression.ResultsA total of 3201 patients were analysed over the study period (mean age = 79.6 years, 65.3% females, 6.7% incident dementia in 3 years, 22.1% incident dementia in 12 years). Descriptive analyses and comparison with other cohorts identified the participants as having frequent and long-lasting doctor–patient relationships and being well known to their GPs. The GP baseline rating of future cognitive decline had significant value for 3-year dementia prediction, independent of cognitive test scores and patient’s memory complaints (GP ratings of very mild (odds ratio [OR] 1.97, 95% confidence intervals [95% CI] = 1.28 to 3.04); mild (OR 3.00, 95% CI = 1.90 to 4.76); and moderate/severe decline (OR 5.66, 95% CI = 3.29 to 9.73)). GPs’ baseline judgements were significantly associated with patients’ 12-year dementia-free survival rates (Mantel–Cox log rank test P<0.001).ConclusionIn this sample of patients in familiar doctor–patient relationships, the GP’s clinical judgement holds additional value for predicting dementia, complementing test performance and patients’ self-reports. Existing and emerging primary care-based dementia risk models should consider the GP’s judgement as one predictor. Results underline the importance of the GP-patient relationship.
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Abitova, Irina R. "School on HIV infection for future doctors of various specialties Vera HIV med school: importance and value for a young doctor." Russian Family Doctor 24, no. 4 (February 27, 2021): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rfd57151.
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The article presents a brief overview of the materials received by the author in September 2020 at the School HIV infection for future doctors of various specialties (Moscow), in which she participated as a resident of the Department of Family Medicine of the North-Western State Medical University named I.I. Mechnikov. The goal of the School is to raise the awareness of young doctors on the topic of HIV infection and reduce the level of discrimination against people living with HIV in the health sector.
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L., J. F. "ADVANCED NURSING PRACTICES ARE INVADING DOCTORS' TURF." Pediatrics 93, no. 3 (March 1, 1994): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.93.3.388.
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When Margaret Manchester was training to be a nurse, she was taught to stand up whenever a doctor entered the room and to offer him her chair. But nurses are no longer handmaidens to the medical profession... Pat Moccia, chief executive of National League for Nursing, said: "What I think we're going to see in the future is that the family doctor is going to be a nurse practitioner. That's where we're headed, as doctors get more specialized, and advanced-practice nurses take over more routine care... But what the nursing groups see as the natural evolution of health care the American Medical Association sees as a growing danger... A 1986 report by the Office of Technology Assessment, an investigative arm of Congress, estimated that 60 to 80 percent of the basic health care performed by doctors could be done by nurses with the same results, at a lower cost. And earlier this year the American Nurse Association released a study comparing care by doctors and nurse practitioners, finding that nurse-practitioners offered better-quality care, as assessed by the accuracy of diagnoses and the completion of comprehensive medical histories, and at a lower cost. Not surprisingly, the A.M.A. challenged those findings.
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Ishchenko, Alla. "Chemical safety as a component of general and professional competences in training of future doctors." ScienceRise: Pedagogical Education, no. 2(41) (March 31, 2021): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2519-4984.2021.228123.
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The study analyzes the content of international (project "Harmonization of educational structures in Europe") and Ukrainian (industry standard of higher education field of knowledge 22 "Health Protection", specialty 222 "Medicine") legal documents of training future doctors in the context of modern ideas on chemical safety. The components of chemical safety are identified: understanding of the chemical factor as an integral danger to human health; knowledge of methods of labeling chemicals and products; compliance with the rules and safety measures for working with chemical products throughout the life cycle. The content of the main professional competencies of the second level of medical education of the project "Harmonization of educational structures in Europe", which are related to the application of chemical safety issues in the future professional activity of the future doctor: to consult with the patient; provide emergency medical care in emergencies; apply the principles, skills and knowledge of evidence-based medicine; promote health, to address public health issues and work effectively in the health care system, is revealed.
The general and professional competencies of the future doctor in the field of chemical safety, which are stated in the industry standard of higher education in the field of knowledge 22 "Health Protection ", specialty 222 "Medicine", are established: desire to preserve the environment; ability to carry out sanitary and hygienic and preventive measures; ability to conduct epidemiological and medical-statistical studies of public health; ability to assess the impact of the environment on the health of the population (individual, family, population); ability to implement resource efficiency activities
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Páscoa, Rosália, Andreia Teixeira, Micaela Gregório, Rosa Carvalho, and Carlos Martins. "Patients’ Perspectives about Lifestyle Behaviors and Health in the Context of Family Medicine: A Cross-Sectional Study in Portugal." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 6 (March 14, 2021): 2981. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18062981.
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Lifestyle interventions are recognized as essential in the prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases. Previous studies have shown that Portuguese patients tend to give more importance to diagnostic and laboratory tests than to lifestyle measures, and seem unaware that behavioral risks are the main modifiable risk factors. The study aimed to analyze patients’ perspectives about lifestyle behaviors and health in the context of family medicine in Portugal. A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out in Portugal (the mainland). A total of 900 Portuguese patients aged ≥20 years, representative of the population, were surveyed using face-to-face questionnaires. Participants were selected by the random route method. Descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests were performed to evaluate differences between the personal beliefs and the personal behavior self-assessment, as well as between the level of importance given to the family doctor to address health behaviors and the reported approach implemented by the family doctor, and its association with bio-demographic variables. The results indicate that the vast majority of this Portuguese cohort has informed beliefs regarding lifestyle behaviors, tends to overestimate their own behavior self-assessment, and strongly agrees that it is important that their family doctor asks/advises on these lifestyle behaviors, although the proportion of those who totally agree that their family doctor usually does this is significantly lower. Differences concerning bio-demographic variables were found. Future research directions should focus on the politics, economics, and policy aspects that may have an impact in this area. It will also be important to understand more broadly the relationships between lifestyle behaviors and clinical, physical, and sociodemographic variables.
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Flamini, Thomas, Natasha R. Matthews, George S. Castle, and Elliot M. Jones-Williams. "Medical student and psychiatrist perceptions towards a psychiatric career." Mental Health Review Journal 22, no. 4 (December 11, 2017): 315–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mhrj-03-2017-0015.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate perceptions towards a career in psychiatry among medical students and psychiatrists and identify how recruitment into the specialty may be improved. Design/methodology/approach This study locally compares medical student and psychiatric doctor responses to a structured online survey and structured interviews with key managerial figures in the Humber NHS Foundation Trust. Findings Comparison across two main areas (pre-decision exposure to psychiatry and reasons for considering a psychiatric career) found that both students and doctors were influenced to make a choice about a career in psychiatry during medical school. Medical students found compatibility with family life to be more important when considering psychiatry, whereas doctors cited content-based reasons as significant pull factors. Stigma and fear of being harmed deterred some students from choosing a career in psychiatry. Structured interview responses reiterated the importance of pre-medical school and undergraduate mentorship in bolstering future recruitment to psychiatry. Practical implications Medical students perceive certain career issues differently to their postgraduate counterparts. Widening the content-based appeal of psychiatry and optimising the medical school experience of the specialty via varied and high-quality placements may be a key step towards tackling the national shortfall in qualified psychiatrists. Originality/value This is the first published study comparing medical student and psychiatric doctor perceptions of a career in psychiatry.
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Player, Marty, John R. Freedy, Vanessa Diaz, Clive Brock, Alexander Chessman, Carolyn Thiedke, and Alan Johnson. "The role of Balint group training in the professional and personal development of family medicine residents." International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 53, no. 1-2 (December 13, 2017): 24–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091217417745289.
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This paper presents a study based on the participation of PGY2 and PGY3 family medicine residents in Balint seminars that occurred twice monthly for 24 months. Balint groups were cofacilitated by leader pairs experienced with the Balint method. Prior to residency graduation, 18 of 19 eligible resident physicians (94.5%) completed 30- to 60-min semistructured interviews conducted by a research assistant. Resident physicians were told that these individual interviews concerned “…how we teach communication in residency.” The deidentified transcripts from these interviews formed the raw data that were coded for positive (n = 9) and negative (n = 3) valence themes by four faculty coders utilizing an iterative process based on grounded theory. The consensus positive themes included several elements that have previously been discussed in published literature concerning the nature of Balint groups (e.g., being the doctor that the patient needs, reflection, empathy, blind spots, bonding, venting, acceptance, perspective taking, and developing appreciation for individual experiences). The negative themes pointed to ways of possibly improving future Balint offerings in the residency setting ( repetitive, uneasiness, uncertain impact). These findings appear to have consistency with seminal writings of both Michael and Enid Balint regarding the complex nature of intrapsychic and interpersonal skills required to effectively manage troubling doctor–patient relationships. The implications of findings for medical education (curriculum) development as well as future research efforts are discussed.
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Lindenberg, Julie A. "My Doctor of Nursing Practice Faculty Practice in Convenient Care: A Four-Year Journey." Clinical Scholars Review 8, no. 1 (2015): 77–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1939-2095.8.1.77.
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This commentary provides a summary of the key, autonomous role one Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) health care executive held in the relatively new clinical arena of the convenient care industry. The following provides an introduction to a developing professional practice model and an educational model for both family nurse practitioner and DNP students. Interdisciplinary practice is outlined, and clinical regulations and standards and legal and regulatory implications are discussed, not only in relation to NPs but as it relates to medical doctors (MDs) and physicians assistants (PAs) as well. The NP impact on patient and system outcomes will be presented, particularly as it relates to access, cost, patient satisfaction, quality, and safety. Finally, it concludes with a look at the current and future trends of services provided in this field of advanced practice nursing, including specific populations that may benefit from this approach to care delivery and the impact of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) on delivering comprehensive health services.
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Julesz, Máté. "Passive euthanasia and living will." Orvosi Hetilap 155, no. 27 (July 2014): 1057–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/oh.2014.29950.
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This article deals with the notional distinction between murder of first degree and passive euthanasia. In Hungary, active euthanasia is considered to be a murder of first degree, whilst the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxemburg and Switzerland have legalized the active form of mercy killing in Europe. The palliative terminal medicine, when e.g. giving pain-killer morphin to the patient, might result in shrinking the patient’s life-span, and thus causing indirect euthanasia. However, the legal institution of living will exists in several counter-euthanasia countries. The living will allows future patients to express their decision in advance to refuse a life-sustaining treatment, e.g. in case of irreversible coma. The institution of living will exists in Germany and in Hungary too. Nevertheless, the formal criteria of living will make it hardly applicable. The patient ought to express his/her will before notary in advance, and he/she should hand it over when being hospitalized. If the patient is not able to present his/her living will to his/her doctor in the hospital, then his/her only hope remains that he/she has given a copy of the living will to the family doctor previously, and the family doctor notifies the hospital. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(27), 1057–1062.
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Donovan, Emily, Christopher R. Wilcox, Sanjay Patel, Alastair D. Hay, Paul Little, and Merlin L. Willcox. "Digital interventions for parents of acutely ill children and their treatment-seeking behaviour: a systematic review." British Journal of General Practice 70, no. 692 (February 10, 2020): e172-e178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp20x708209.
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BackgroundConsultations for self-limiting infections in children are increasing. It has been proposed that digital technology could be used to enable parents’ decision making in terms of self-care and treatment seeking.AimTo evaluate the evidence that digital interventions facilitate parents deciding whether to self-care or seek treatment for acute illnesses in children.Design and settingSystematic review of studies undertaken worldwide.MethodSearches of MEDLINE and EMBASE were made to identify studies (of any design) published between database inception and January 2019 that assessed digital interventions for parents of children (from any healthcare setting) with acute illnesses. The primary outcome of interest was whether the use of digital interventions reduced the use of urgent care services.ResultsThree studies were included in the review. They assessed two apps and one website: Children’s On-Call — a US advice-only app; Should I See a Doctor? — a Dutch self-triage app for any acute illness; and Strategy for Off-Site Rapid Triage (SORT) for Kids — a US self-triage website for influenza-like illness. None of the studies involved parents during intervention development and it was shown that many parents did not find the two apps easy to use. The sensitivity of self-triage interventions was 84% for Should I See a Doctor? compared with nurse triage, and 93.3% for SORT for Kids compared with the need for emergency-department intervention; however, both had lower specificity (74% and 13%, respectively). None of the interventions demonstrated reduced use of urgent-care services.ConclusionThere is little evidence to support the use of digital interventions to help parent and/or carers looking after children with acute illness. Future research should involve parents during intervention development, and adequately powered trials are needed to assess the impact of such interventions on health services and the identification of children who are seriously ill.
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Phung, Thanh, Thi Hong Van Phan, Quynh Pham, Duc Thanh Nguyen, and Thu Huyen Doan. "Current situation of attraction and retention of doctors working at Tien Giang central general hospital in period 2016-2018 and some influenced factors." Journal of Health and Development Studies 04, no. 03 (September 29, 2020): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.38148/jhds.0403skpt20-033.
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The study was conducted with 02 objectives to describe and analyze some factors affecting the attraction and retention of doctors working at Tien Giang Central General Hospital. The research design is cross-sectional, combining literature review and qualitative methods. It was conducted from January to July 2019. Literature review was used to find out situation of health worker attraction and retention while qualitative research was implemented with health workers and managers to find influencing factors. Research results show that the hospital lacks doctors to serve the overloaded number of patients: the ratio of doctors/ beds is only 0.18 (194/1.100). For 03 years (from 2016 to 2018), the hospital recruited 46 doctors, compared with the staffing needs is 107 doctors, reaching 43% as planned. The number of doctors who quit their jobs in these 3 years was 21 people, of which 04 doctors quit their jobs due to family situations. Some factors affecting the attraction and retentions of doctors at the hospital are recruitment, attraction policies, recognition of achievements, working environment, training opportunities and income. The research results provide evidence to help the Board of Directors to develop solutions to attract and retain doctors in the future. Keywords: attraction, retention, doctor, factor, hospital.
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Lapcevic, Mirjana, and Ivan Dimitrijevic. "Family health and family physician’s influence on prevention of psychoactive substances abuse." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 138, no. 11-12 (2010): 783–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh1012783l.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The family, as the basic social unit, has a decisive role in the health and disease of its members. It is the primary unit where health needs are formed and solved. By its own resources the family independently resolves about 75% of the total health requirements. In the paper the authors study family characteristics which influence family health and diseases, indicators of family health and the scale of life values. Also, the study evaluates social factors, communication and the influence of the usage of psychoactive substances on family health and the quality of family life. To form the personality of a child three factors are most significant: love, the feeling of safety and the presence of harmonious relationship between the parents. Life harmony in a family also depends on the quality of structural components of the personality and the interaction of motivation of its members. Early childhood determines the future personality of the adult person. At that period, habits and partially attitudes are formed. In harmonious family relationships the parents are the role model to children. Verbal and non-verbal communication enrich the relationship among people and enable efforts in supporting understanding, compassion and care for others by mutual agreement. On the scale of life values of Serbian citizens health holds the first position. Immediately following the health issue is good relationship in the family. As healthcare is not only the task of healthcare services, but also of each individual, family and the society as a whole, it is on healthcare personnel to educate the citizens how to preserve and improve their own health and the health of their family by a continual healthcare and education. Above all, this concerns avoidance of bad habits, such as smoking, immoderate alcohol consumption, narcotic abuse, physical inactivity, hypercaloric nutrition, etc. Also, it is significant to make an early recognition of disease symptoms and to turn for help to the chosen doctor on time. Family medicine and family doctors can in the best way, entirely and continually, prevent and treat numerous diseases occurring as the result of family dysfunction, with active participation of each individual, family, healthcare services and the community.
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Šepec, Miha. "Medical Error – Should it be a Criminal Offence?" Medicine, Law & Society 11, no. 1 (April 25, 2018): 47–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/2463-7955.11.1.47-66.(2018).
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Medicine is a risky profession where medical professionals have a duty to do anything in their power to help their patients. However, what if a doctor makes a grievous mistake that leads to the death but could have been avoided? Are moral responsibility and apology to patients’ family enough? Should we impose sanctions (civil or criminal) on the doctor who negligently caused the patients’ death? To answer this questions, we present arguments against criminalisation of medical error, where the strongest arguments are uncertainty of medical standards, counterproductive criminalisation seen in defensive medicine, using criminal law as the last resort, and the argument of doctor’s immunity. On the other hand, arguments for criminalisation are obvious negligent treatment with serious consequences, general prevention of future negligent conduct, sanitation of a medical system gone wrong, and the argument of privileged criminal offence. Our conclusion is that criminal law repression of medical malpractice or medical error is justified, however only in the most obvious cases of undisputed negligence or carelessness of a doctor, where his inappropriate conduct has led to a serious deterioration of health of a patient, which could have easily been avoided, if a doctor respected the practice and rules of medical science and profession.
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Jepson, Marcus, Chris Salisbury, Matthew J. Ridd, Chris Metcalfe, Ludivine Garside, and Rebecca K. Barnes. "The ‘One in a Million’ study: creating a database of UK primary care consultations." British Journal of General Practice 67, no. 658 (April 10, 2017): e345-e351. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp17x690521.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
BackgroundAround 1 million primary care consultations happen in England every day. Despite this, much of what happens in these visits remains a ‘black box’.AimTo create an archive of videotaped consultations and linked data based on a large sample of routine face-to-face doctor–patient consultations with consent for use in future research and training.Design and settingCross-sectional study in 12 general practices in the west of England, UK.MethodUp to two GPs from each practice took part in the study. Over 1 to 2 days, consecutive patients were approached until up to 20 eligible patients for each GP consented to be videotaped. Eligible patients were aged ≥18 years, consulting on their own behalf, fluent in English, and with capacity to consent. GP questionnaires were self-administered. Patient questionnaires were self-administered immediately pre-consultation and post-consultation, and GPs filled in a checklist after each recording. A follow-up questionnaire was sent to patients after 10 days, and data about subsequent related consultations were collected from medical records 3 months later.ResultsOf the 485 patients approached, 421 (86.8%) were eligible. Of the eligible patients, 334 (79.3%) consented to participate and 327 consultations with 23 GPs were successfully taped (307 video, 20 audio-only). Most patients (n = 300, 89.8%) consented to use by other researchers, subject to specific ethical approval.ConclusionMost patients were willing to allow their consultations to be videotaped, and, with very few exceptions, to allow recordings and linked data to be stored in a data repository for future use for research and training.
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Sobolev, Alexander, Alexander Kurakin, Vladimir Pakhomov, and Irina Trotsuk. "Cooperation in Rural Russia: Past, Present and Future." Мир России 27, no. 1 (February 24, 2018): 65–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1811-038x-2018-27-1-65-89.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Alexander Sobolev – Doctor of Science in Economics, Professor, Russian University of Cooperation. Address: 12/30, V.Voloshina St., Mytishchi, Moscow Region, 141014, Russian Federation. E-mail: sobolev-alekc@mail.ru
Alexander Kurakin – Senior Researcher, Laboratory for Studies in Economic Sociology, National Research University Higher School of Economics; Senior Researcher, Center for Agrarian Studies, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA). Address: 11, Myasnitskaya St., Moscow, 101000, Russian Federation. E-mail: akurakin@hse.ru
Vladimir Pakhomov – Doctor of Science in Economics, Professor, Russian University of Cooperation. Address: 12/30, V.Voloshina St., Mytishchi, Moscow Region, 141014, Russian Federation. E-mail: vmpahomov@yandex.ru
Irina Trotsuk – Doctor of Science in Sociology, Senior Researcher, Center for Agrarian Studies, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration; Associate Professor, RUDN University. Address: 82, Vernadskogo Av., Moscow, 119571, Russian Federation. E-mail: irina.trotsuk@yandex.ru
Citation: Sobolev A., Kurakin A., Pakhomov V., Trotsuk I. (2018) Cooperation in Rural Russia: Past, Present and Future. Mir Rossii, vol. 27, no 1, pp. 65–89. DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2018-27-1-65-89
The authors consider cooperation as a specific, alternative form of economic organization to the standard business firm within a market economy, and focus on agricultural cooperation in Russia. First, the article engages with the key milestones of the history of cooperation in Russia: (1) the first attempts to establish cooperative organizations before the Russian Revolution (agricultural societies, agricultural partnerships and credit cooperatives) which gave the poor rural population a chance to improve living standards and ensured promising prospects for the long-term development of cooperation in all forms; (2) the dependent forms of consumer and production cooperation under the Soviet regime that deprived all collective forms of their true cooperative nature. In the second part of the article, the authors describe the current state of the cooperative movement in the Russian countryside and identify its basic features, such as opposition to family farming and the state capitalist tendencies of the concentration and vertical integration in the form of agroholdings; state rural cooperation policies which aim to promote and financially support small farming including the development of rural cooperatives; the number and types of cooperatives in the countryside; the reasons for debates on cooperation legislation; the viability of the main types of agricultural cooperatives (production, consumer, credit cooperation). Finally, the authors emphasize that cooperation in contemporary Russia does not fit the classic Western scheme of cooperative development and still has to overcome a number of substantial challenges (the soviet legacy, lack of bottom-up initiatives, the ideological and economic dominance of large-scale farming, poor academic expertise in the field of cooperation studies).
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Krell, Kavita, Kelsey Haugen, Amy Torres, and Stephanie Santoro. "Description of Daily Living Skills and Independence: A Cohort from a Multidisciplinary Down Syndrome Clinic." Brain Sciences 11, no. 8 (July 30, 2021): 1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11081012.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Levels of independence vary in individuals with Down syndrome (DS). We began this study to describe the current life skills in our clinic population of children and adults with DS. We collected and reviewed demographics, living situation, and life skills from an electronic intake form used in clinic procedures. Descriptive statistics for this cohort study included mean, standard deviation, and frequencies. From 2014–2020, 350 pediatric and 196 adult patients (range 0–62 years) with a first visit to the Massachusetts General Hospital Down Syndrome Program are described. Pediatric patients were most often enrolled in school, and in an inclusion setting. Adult patients were most often participating in a day program, living with family, and wanted to continue living with family in the future. Most (87%) of adults with DS communicated verbally, though fewer could use written communication (17%). Life skills of greatest importance to adolescents and adults with DS included: learning about healthy foods (35%), preparing meals (34%), providing personal information when needed (35%), and describing symptoms to a doctor (35%). Life skills for patients with DS are varied; those associated with a medical appointment, such as sharing symptoms with the doctor, could improve for greater independence.
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de Silva, Prasanna. "Is the General Medical Council in need of revalidation?" British Journal of Hospital Medicine 80, no. 12 (December 2, 2019): 726–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2019.80.12.726.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The General Medical Council was originally set up to ‘protect, promote and maintain the health and safety of the public’. In 2012, the Privy Council instructed the General Medical Council to set up and run a licensing and revalidation system for all practicing doctors in the UK, to protect patients from actions of medical staff. Despite this mandate, the General Medical Council has been a bystander in a series of regulatory failures. Without these episodes having been highlighted by family members, public investigations would not have been carried out. The maintenance of medical performance is delegated to NHS employers, which could cause conflicts of interests when employers have to investigate doctors as part of a team. The other responsibility of the General Medical Council is to monitor teaching standards and curricula of medical schools in the UK, which it does by eliciting feedback from students and trainees. The General Medical Council has not responded to ‘new ways of working’ (especially in England) involving non-medical staff undertaking tasks previously carried out by doctors. Furthermore, the General Medical Council has not updated its description of the role of the future doctor in light of increasing use of technology, use or non-use of which could both be considered to be evidence of poor practice.
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Dobbs, Debra, Catherine Parsons Emmett, Ashley Hammarth, and Timothy P. Daaleman. "Religiosity and Death Attitudes and Engagement of Advance Care Planning Among Chronically Ill Older Adults." Research on Aging 34, no. 2 (December 15, 2011): 113–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0164027511423259.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of this study was to examine the association of religiosity and death attitudes with self-reported advance care planning (ACP) in chronically ill older adults. Survey data were collected in person for a sample of 157 chronically ill older adults drawn from primary care clinics in North Carolina. Logistic regression was used to examine associations of religiosity and death attitudes in the likelihood of engagement in three ACP outcomes: (a) ACP discussions with the doctor, (b) ACP discussions with family, and (c) the completion of a living will. Greater reported religiosity ( b = 1.67, p < .01) was significantly associated with reported ACP discussions with the doctor ( R2 = .29, model significance p < .01). Less fear of death was significantly associated ( b = −0.41, p < .01) with self-reported completion of a living will ( R2 = .21, model significance p < .01). Religiosity and fears of death should be considered in future ACP studies.
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Куодза, Дж., А. Колесник, П. Колесник, and Л. Матюха. "Who Wants to be a Family Doctor in Ukraine? An Opinion Survey among Senior Undergraduate Students." Рецепт, no. 2-3 (July 21, 2020): 248–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.34883/pi.2020.2.2.033.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Введение. По результатам западных исследований установлена мировая тенденция к снижению популярности семейной медицины (СМ) как специальности. Несмотря на значительный спрос на этих специалистов первичной медицинской помощи, во многих странах частота выбора студентами СМ как будущей профессии остается низкой. Вопрос отношения к специальности СМ студентов украинских вузов недостаточно изучен.Цель исследования: оценка взглядов украинских и иностранных студентов-медиков Ужгородского национального университета на их будущую карьеру в целом и на семейную медицину в частности.Материалы и методы. Выборку составляли учащиеся в УжНУ иностранные студенты 6-го курса из стран Азии и Африки, а также украинские студенты 5-го курса. Среди украинских студентов опрос был проведен однократно. Среди иностранных студентов было проведено два анкетирования (до и после прохождения ими цикла СМ). Прототипом анкеты был видоизмененный опросник, использованный группой ученых Оксфордского университета в процессе подобного исследования в 2016 г. Основные вопросы касались выбора студентами медицинской специальности, а также его причин. Другие вопросы касались различных факторов, связанных с выбором профессии семейного врача.Результаты. Количество заполненных анкет составляло 81% (81 из 100) при первом опросе, 77% (77 из 100) при втором опросе среди иностранных студентов и 93% (112 из 121) среди украинских студентов.Лишь 10% иностранных и 3,6% украинских студентов были готовы выбрать профессию семейного врача. При этом 65% иностранных и 17% украинских студентов могли представить себя семейными врачами. Были изучены факторы, которые повлияли на отношение студентов к СM. Большинство студентов (как украинских (71%), так и иностранных (79%)) сочли необходимым изучать СM на медицинском факультете. В ходе качественной части исследования одни студенты отметили привлекательные стороны СМ: удобное рабочее время, разнообразие практической деятельности, реформирование системы первичной помощи в Украине, возможность быть примером для студентов и интернов. Другими были обозначены отталкивающие стороны профессии семейного врача: рутинность, необходимость быть компетентным в вопросах разных медицинских сфер, высокий уровень ответственности. Среди иностранных студентов после прохождения цикла СМ отмечалось изменение их отношения к профессии семейного врача. Больше иностранных студентов СМ смогло представить себя семейными врачами в будущем. Также возросло количество студентов, отмечавших целесообразность преподавания СМ студентам-медикам. При этом относительно выбора специальности среди иностранных студентов значимых изменений после прохождения цикла не наблюдалось.Выводы. Количество украинских и иностранных студентов старших курсов УжНУ, которые выбрали СM как будущую специальность, было незначительным, но большинство подчеркнуло целесообразность ее изучения. Среди иностранных студентов было установлено улучшение отношения к профессии семейного врача после прохождения цикла по СМ. При этом процент выбора студентами этой специальности значимо не возрос. Introduction. According to the results of Western studies, a global trend has been established that there is a reduced popularity of family medicine (FM) as a specialty. Despite the significant demand for these primary care specialists, in many countries the frequency of students choosing FM as a future profession remains low. The issue of the attitude to the specialty of FM among students of Ukrainian universities is not well understood.Purpose. Assessment of the views of Ukrainian and foreign medical students of Uzhgorod National University on their future careers in general and on family medicine in particular.Materials and methods. The sample was composed of students of UzhNU in 6th year who were foreign students from Asia and Africa, as well as Ukrainian 5th year students. Among Ukrainian students, the survey was conducted once. Two questionnaires were conducted among foreign students (before and after they completed the FM cycle). The prototype of the questionnaire was a modified questionnaire version used by a group of scientists from Oxford University in 2016. The main questions were related to the students’ choice of medical specialty, as well as its reasons. Other issues dealt with various factors related to the choice of FM as a profession.Results. The number of completed questionnaires was 81% (81 out of 100) in the first survey, 77% (77 out of 100) in the second survey among foreign students and 93% (112 of 121) among Ukrainian students.Only 10% of foreign and 3.6% of Ukrainian students were ready to choose the profession of FM. At the same time, 65% of foreign and 17% of Ukrainian students could imagine themselves as family doctors. Factors that influenced students’ attitudes towards FM were studied. Most students (both Ukrainian (71%) and foreign (79%)) found it necessary to study FM at the medical faculty. During the qualitative part of the study, some students noted the attractive aspects of FM: convenient working hours, a variety of practical activities, reforming of the primary care system in Ukraine, the opportunity to be an example for students and interns. Others identified the negative factors of the FM profession: routine, the need to be competent in various medical fields, and a high level of responsibility. Among foreign students, after passing through the FM cycle, there was a change in their attitude to the profession of a FM. The number of students who noted the advisability ofteaching FM to medical students also increased. Moreover, regarding the choice of specialty among foreign students, no significant changes were observed after passing the cycle.Conclusion. The number of Ukrainian and foreign senior students of UzhNU who chose FM as their future specialty was insignificant, but the majority emphasized the desirability of studying it. Among foreign students, it was found that the attitude to the profession of a FM was improved after passing through the FM cycle. At the same time, the percentage of students choosing this specialty did not significantly increase.
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Zabolotny, Dmitry I., and Viktor M. Samohodskiy. "Rationale of the levels of intensity and differentiated cost of labor costs of doctors in the hospital." OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, no. 4-5(2) 2019 (March 12, 2020): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.37219/2528-8253-2019-4-04.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction: Due to the fact that Ukraine has not formally established tariffs for medical services and their complexity factors and the doctor’s remuneration system continues to exist on the basis of the “equalization” principle, we propose a scientifically based mechanism for determining the rate of labor intensity of hospital doctors and adequate the level of increase salary in accordance with the DRG. The purpose of the study: Because of, the level of labor of residents of the inpatient departments of the inpatient department of health facilities of the II and III levels is not the same, then based on the analysis of the number of treated patients in accordance with the DRG, the degree of complexity of the disease, their score, determine the level of labor intensity of doctors and real the size of their wages. Materials and methods: Based on the recommendations of the doctoral dissertation and a number of innovative medical and economic standards, analysis of a significant number of otolaryngologicalpatients, the use of the CSG, DRG system, the distribution of patients with a degree of complexity, their score, the algorithm for applying the above organizational standards, criteria and standards, and the use of timing. The technology of determining the individual level of the doctor’s labor intensity factors and an adequate level of its material stimulation has been developed. Results: Recommended technologies for using the aforementioned prerequisites, the need to create appropriate computer programs to simplify the analysis of individual doctors' work results, using the formulas presented in the article made it possible to determine both the degree of workload for a doctor and the level of possible increase in his salary. Conclusions: The algorithm for determining the coefficient of labor intensity of doctors and the mechanism for calculating the real cost of their labor in the treatment of specific patients of varying degrees of complexity can be used as a technological matrix for doctors of other medical specialties, in the future it will increase the material incentives of the latter at least to the level of family doctors.
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Williams, Pauline, Peter Murchie, and Christine Bond. "Patient and primary care delays in the diagnostic pathway of gynaecological cancers: a systematic review of influencing factors." British Journal of General Practice 69, no. 679 (January 14, 2019): e106-e111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp19x700781.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
BackgroundGynaecological cancers are the second most common female cancer type, with survival rates in the UK lower than in many comparable countries. A potentially important factor in the UK’s poorer cancer outcomes is diagnostic delay; gynaecological cancers are the cancer type most likely to be affected by less timely diagnosis.AimTo examine current evidence for factors that contribute to patient and primary care delays in the diagnostic pathway of gynaecological cancer.Design and settingA systematic review of the available literature.MethodPRISMA guidelines were followed. MEDLINE and Embase databases and the Cochrane Library were searched using three terms: primary care; gynaecological cancer; and delay. Citation lists of all identified articles were searched. Two authors independently screened the titles, abstracts, and full texts of publications. Data extraction was performed by one author and quality assured by a second reviewer in a 20% sample of selected articles. Synthesis was narrative.ResultsA total of 1253 references was identified, of which 37 met the inclusion criteria. Factors associated with delayed diagnosis were categorised as either patient factors (patient demographics, symptoms or knowledge, and presentation to the GP) or primary care factors (doctor factors: patient demographics, symptoms or knowledge, and referral process); and system factors (such as limited access to investigations).ConclusionDelayed diagnosis in the patient and primary care intervals of the diagnostic journey of gynaecological cancer is complex and multifactorial. This review identifies areas of future research that could lead to interventions to enable prompter diagnosis of gynaecological cancers.
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Tsiligianni, Ioanna, Nikolaos Oikonomou, Anastasia Papaioannou, Athina Tatsioni, Dimitrios Gougourelas, Sofia Birka, Philippe-Richard J. Domeyer, and Zoi Tsimtsiou. "Exploring primary care physician experiences conducting practice-based research on adult vaccination: a qualitative evaluation study in Greece." Family Practice 37, no. 6 (August 11, 2020): 828–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fampra/cmaa063.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Background Research in primary care is necessary to empower its role in health systems and improve population health. Objective The aim of this evaluation study was to assess the experiences of primary care physicians who participated as researchers in a multi-centre, mixed-methodology study on adult vaccination supported by a newly established practice-based research network. Methods Twenty-three physicians participated as researchers, operating in their own practices in 10 different prefectures of Greece. After the completion of the study, they were asked to reflect on their experiences in the research by providing written responses to the questions on the evaluation tool of the study. The open-ended questions were analyzed using thematic content analysis. Results Mean age of the researchers was 42.9 years old (±3.9, min 35, max 49) and 11 (47.8%) were male. Six themes emerged as beneficial for the participating researchers: (i) raised awareness of patients’ needs, (ii) enhancement of clinical practice and services offered, (iii) positive impact on the doctor–patient relationship, (iv) personal satisfaction, (v) enrichment of their curriculum vitae and (vi) improvement of research skills. All researchers were interested in participating in future studies. Conclusion The experience of conducting clinical research on adult vaccination in their own practices within a network was reported to be very rewarding. The benefits gained from their participation could be a valuable tool in promoting research and enhancing the quality of primary health care.
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Kerrigan, Andrew R., Imane Aitnouri, Jessica Mar, and Wayne Altman. "What Barriers Exist in the Minds of Vaccine-Hesitant Parents, and How Can We Address Them?" Family Medicine 52, no. 9 (October 1, 2020): 626–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22454/fammed.2020.432940.
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Background and Objectives: Despite substantial health benefits and prolific research efforts to demonstrate safety and increase uptake, vaccine hesitancy has increased dramatically. This study aimed to systematically analyze available literature on vaccine hesitancy in the United States and determine the rationale behind vaccine-hesitant parents and potential interventions. Methods: We conducted a literature search and identified 232 articles; we included 90 after screening. We pulled information from each article using standardized questions for “type of study,” “population,” “specific vaccine,” “reasons for hesitancy,” “hesitancy prevalence,” “attempt at change,” “results of intervention,” and “future interventions.” We created recurrent themes from the data and analyzed these themes via descriptive statistics. Results: Vaccine safety was the most commonly identified reason for vaccine hesitancy amongst studies (50%), followed by not enough information (30%), side effects (26%), low risk of disease (26%), social norms (22%), vaccine schedule (21%), not recommended by doctor (21%), efficacy (18%), cost/access (13%), sexual concerns (12%) and distrust of establishment (7%). Only 20% of papers documented an intervention, and <50% of these reported increased vaccination rates or intent. More research was the most commonly identified next step (49%). Conclusions: Despite large amounts of research on vaccination rates, patients are still reporting not enough information and safety as the most common reasons for vaccine hesitancy. Interventions were few and without promising results. More research was the most suggested intervention. Such research must address concerns of the vaccine-hesitant community, comparing risks and benefits of each vaccination in a longitudinal, coherent, and transparently unbiased fashion.
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Johnson, J. Aaron, Slyvia Shellenberger, Christopher Buchanan, Nicholas Cline, Mary Velasquez, Kirk Von Sternberg, John Roxborough, and J. Paul Seale. "Postresidency Impact of Alcohol and Drug Screening and Intervention Training." Family Medicine 54, no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 200–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.22454/fammed.2022.860266.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background and Objectives: Many residency programs provide alcohol and drug screening, brief intervention (BI), and referral to treatment (SBIRT) training, hoping to impact residents’ future practice activities. Little is known about postresidency use of these skills. This study assesses postresidency impact of SBIRT training. Methods: Over 3 years, physicians who participated in SBIRT training in four residency programs were recruited for follow-up. Participants chose between a paper and online questionnaire 12-24 months after graduation; participants received $20 gift cards. We first analyzed postresidency responses only (n=74), then compared pre- and posttraining results of those completing both surveys (n=50). Results: Of 182 enrolled graduates, 74 (41%) completed questionnaires. In paired comparisons to their pretraining responses, graduates increased endorsement of statements that BIs can reduce risky use and reduced endorsement of statements that they do not have adequate training or time to address patients’ alcohol use, or that discussing alcohol use with patients is uncomfortable. While most barriers to providing interventions were endorsed less frequently by SBIRT-trained clinicians in postresidency surveys, ongoing concerns included poor reimbursement, little time, low success rates, and some discomfort with interventions. Seventy percent of graduates felt motivational interviewing techniques created stronger doctor-patient relationships; 16% reported colleagues in their practices had increased SBIRT activities after they joined the practice. Conclusions: SBIRT trainees reported high levels of SBIRT activity 12-24 months after graduation and increased SBIRT activities by their colleagues. While some barriers remain, residency training appears to be a promising approach for disseminating SBIRT into clinical practice.
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Smith, Claire Friedemann, Benedikte Møller Kristensen, Rikke Sand Andersen, Sue Ziebland, and Brian D. Nicholson. "Building the case for the use of gut feelings in cancer referrals: perspectives of patients referred to a non-specific symptoms pathway." British Journal of General Practice 72, no. 714 (September 22, 2021): e43-e50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp.2021.0275.
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BackgroundGut feelings may be useful when dealing with uncertainty, which is ubiquitous in primary care. Both patients and GPs experience this uncertainty but patients’ views on gut feelings in the consultation have not been explored.AimTo explore patients’ perceptions of gut feelings in decision making, and to compare these perceptions with those of GPs.Design and settingQualitative interviews with 21 patients in Oxfordshire, UK.MethodPatients whose referral to a cancer pathway was based on their GP’s gut feeling were invited to participate. Semi-structured interviews were conducted from November 2019 to January 2020, face to face or over the telephone. Data were analysed with a thematic analysis and mind-mapping approach.ResultsSome patients described experiencing gut feelings about their own health but often their willingness to share this with their GP was dependent on an established doctor–patient relationship. Patients expressed similar perspectives on the use of gut feelings in consultations to those reported by GPs. Patients saw GPs’ gut feelings as grounded in their experience and generalist expertise, and part of a process of evidence gathering. Patients suggested that GPs were justified in using gut feelings because of their role in arranging access to investigations, the difficult ‘grey area’ of presentations, and the time- and resource-limited nature of primary care. When GPs communicated that they had a gut feeling, some saw this as an indication that they were being taken seriously.ConclusionPatients accepted that GPs use gut feelings to guide decision making. Future research on this topic should include more diverse samples and address the areas of concern shared by patients and GPs.
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Crocetti, Michael, Tina Kumra, Michael Fingerhood, Kimberly Peairs, Leah Wolfe, and Scott M. Wright. "Coaching Primary Care Clinicians in the Ambulatory Setting: Direct Observation and Deliberate Practice." Family Medicine 51, no. 10 (November 7, 2019): 830–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22454/fammed.2019.791011.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background and Objectives: Clinical coaching programs can improve clinician performance through feedback following direct observation and the promotion of reflection. This study assessed the feasibility and acceptability of a primary care coaching program applied in community-based practices. Methods: Using a 31-item behavioral checklist that was iteratively revised, four faculty observed 18 community-based primary care clinicians (15 of whom were physicians) across 36 patient encounters. Each behavior was scored as a binary variable (observed or not observed). After watching them care for patients, each clinician participated in a focused feedback session to discuss strengths and areas for improvement. Results: Behaviors observed with the highest frequency were: reflects compassion (100%), appears to enjoy caring for the patient (100%), leads and follows with open-ended questions (97%), and asks thoughtful and smart questions (95%). Areas for improvement were those behaviors done less commonly: apologizes for running behind schedule (18%), acknowledges computer and/or explains role in patient care (14%), and assesses understanding (teachback; 7%). Most clinicians agreed or strongly agreed that they would like to be coached again in the future (81%), and that the coaching feedback would help them become more effective in primary care practice (94%). Nearly all patients surveyed substantiated that it did not bother them to have another doctor in the room and that it is a good idea to offer coaching to clinicians to help them improve. Conclusions: Coaching busy primary care clinicians is feasible and a valued experience. Focusing on specific observable behaviors can identify clinicians’ strengths and opportunities for improvement. Patients are pleased to learn that their clinicians are receiving coaching as part of their professional development.
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Speroni, Gian Paolo. "C’era una volta e poi? Un’altra storia." Giornale di Clinica Nefrologica e Dialisi 32, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33393/gcnd.2020.1186.
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A retired professor of chemistry with his nephropathy that led him to attend a pre-dialysis clinic writes to his doctor, in a cross-section of Italian life from the post-war period to today, some truly wise and important concepts:
– in every field, for the existence of a good functioning of the whole supply chain, order, identity of views and wisdom are needed
– the true professional, even if he knows about medicine, should not give a patient a medicine or recommend a therapy only because a “machine” told him that a parameter of his analysis is altered, but he must speak with the patients, knowing their medical history well, to know more about them, such as the life they live, the profession they exercise, the culture, the family in which they live, all things that contribute to make the weak point of the disease more evident
– the most important gift that a teacher must possess, but above all a doctor and a health worker, is to be able to inspire confidence as it is ultimately the thing that helps and that leads to hope for the future. (narrative nephrology)
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Barker, A., K. Verhoeven, M. Ahsan, S. Alam, P. Sharma, S. Sengupta, and N. Safdar. "ID: 25: SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF PATIENT ANTIBIOTIC MISUSE IN HARYANA, INDIA." Journal of Investigative Medicine 64, no. 4 (March 22, 2016): 935.1–935. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jim-2016-000120.49.
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BackgroundAntibiotic resistance is recognized globally as an urgent health crisis. Multidrug resistant organisms lead to deadly hospital and community acquired infections and complicate patients' underlying health issues. In the United States, antibiotic resistance causes 23,000 deaths and direct healthcare costs of $20 billion a year. In the developing world, the costs are estimated to be even higher. In India alone, antibiotic resistance is responsible for an estimated 58,000 infant deaths annually. While its severity is agreed upon, the causes and solutions to antibiotic misuse are complex. Antibiotic dispensing laws are poorly enforced in many developing nations, including India. Patient and provider contributions are intertwined, thus confronting the problem requires a better understanding of the motivations of several populations.MethodsWe conducted a mixed methods study in the northern state of Haryana, India, between June and August 2015. We qualitatively assessed the antibiotic knowledge and use practices of 20 local community members using semi-structured interviews. We also completed 64 surveys of community members and healthcare workers. Both populations were given the same survey, which focused on the participant's experience obtaining antibiotics as a patient. The interviews and surveys were conducted in English and Hindi, as applicable, by bilingual members of the research team. Interview data was coded for themes using NVivo software, and quantitative survey responses were analyzed in SAS. We used DAGitty software to construct a directed acyclic graph to determine the minimally sufficient adjustment sets needed to block confounders of the relationship between antibiotic knowledge and antibiotic misuse.ResultsOver a third of survey participants reported antibiotic misuse, defined as purchasing medication from a pharmacy without a doctor's prescription (36.5%). Furthermore, none of the 20 community member interviewees were able to correctly define antibiotics without prompting. The interviews also revealed that limited health education, inadequate access to a doctor, and poverty all influence patients' antibiotic decision making. Participants with these characteristics were more likely to bypass doctors and seek medical care directly from a pharmacist.The effect of antibiotic knowledge on antibiotic misuse was significant in our pilot survey data, even after adjusting for the variables in the minimally sufficient adjustment set: first vs. fourth quartile of knowledge, OR=72.09, p=0.014; second vs. fourth quartile, OR=44.09, p=0.006. The covariates in the model include age, income, healthcare occupation, education, having a doctor in the family, and having access to a doctor in your local community.DiscussionThis study highlights the need for public health education regarding antibiotics and the extensive health implications of their misuse. Local and national governments should consider social factors when enacting future antibiotic policies.
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Krok-Schoen, Jessica L., Mira L. Katz, Jill M. Oliveri, Gregory S. Young, Michael L. Pennell, Paul L. Reiter, Jesse J. Plascak, et al. "A Media and Clinic Intervention to Increase Colorectal Cancer Screening in Ohio Appalachia." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/943152.
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Objective. To test the effectiveness of a colorectal cancer (CRC) screening intervention among adults living in Ohio Appalachia.Methods. We conducted a group-randomized trial of a county-level intervention among adults living in 12 Ohio Appalachian counties who received a media campaign and clinic intervention focused on either CRC screening or fruits and vegetables. Participants’ percentage within CRC screening guidelines was assessed with cross-sectional surveys conducted annually for four years, and validated with medical record review of screening.Results. On average, screening data were obtained on 564 intervention and 559 comparison participants per year. There was no difference in the Wave 4 CRC screening rates of intervention and comparison counties (35.2% versus 31.4%). Multivariate analyses found that high perceived risk of CRC, willingness to have a CRC test if recommended by a doctor, doctor recommendation of a CRC screening test, and patient-physician communication about changes in bowel habits, family history of CRC, and eating fruits and vegetables were significant (p<0.05) predictors of being within CRC screening guidelines.Conclusions. The intervention was not effective in increasing CRC rates among Ohio Appalachian adults. Future research should determine how media and clinic-based interventions can be modified to improve CRC screening rates among this underserved population.
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Basirun, Basirun, and Hafsah Budi Argiati. "PERAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA TERHADAP MANAJEMEN STRES PADA PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL DI YOGYAKARTA." JURNAL SPIRITS 5, no. 2 (April 27, 2017): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.30738/spirits.v5i2.1061.
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ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research is to determined stress management for renal failure patient at the role of family’s support. Furthemore, this research also aims to uncover more about problems that can be caused by renal failure. Subjects in this research is men and women who have renal failure. Subjects feel worry, fearfull and confused because worry about their future. This research using the techniques of data collection using inteviews and observation. The result of the role of family’s support at stress management for renal failure patient is patient make a choise to compose oneself with pray to God. In general, when renal failure patient heard that they diagnosed by doctor they feel stress, but subject’s family give participant and support any time. Keywords: The role of Family’s Support, Stress Management, Renal Failure Patient
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Medvedovskaya, Nataliia, and Zoreslava Povch. "Timely Detection of Glaucoma in General Practice as a Means Prevent Late Diagnosis." Family Medicine, no. 4 (December 30, 2016): 143–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.30841/2307-5112.4.2016.248593.
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The objective: justification of need of the organization of introduction of measures for timely identification of an ophthalmic hypertension in practice of the family doctor for timely diagnosis of glaucoma, the prevention of development of her terminal stage became a research objective.
Patients and methods. Outpatient and polyclinic units of five healthcare institutions of the city of Kiev in which primary help by the principles of the general medical practice – family medicine is given became scientific base of a research. Forms of account No. 12 «The report on the diseases registered at patients who live in the district of service of treatment and prevention facility» and questionnaires of a sociological research of risk factors of glaucoma (820 questionnaires) were primary material. Achievement of goals of a research demanded use of a complex of methods of a research, a basis for which was a systemic approach, namely: bibliosemantic, sociological, medico-statistical methods.
Results. Of a research it has turned out that prevalence of glaucoma continues to increase enough in high gear (for 14,9% from 2010 to 2014) that proves relevance of a problem of the prevention of a blindness and a low vision because of glaucoma in Ukraine and in the near future. Owning knowledge of modern risk factors which has the proved influence on formation of an oftalmogipertenziya, and over time and glaucomas, physicians of primary contact can actively form risk groups on glaucoma that will allow to unify and to individualize at the same time preventively – improving, medical and diagnostic medical care in each case and to objectify assessment of her results in dynamics.
Conclusion. Interaction in form of cooperation of the family doctor and ophthalmologist within the competences allows to perform effective long accounting of patients, preventing loss of visual functions by them for the account, first of all timely diagnosis of a disease (at an early stage), possible correction of the available risk factors of origin and progressing of glaucoma.
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Lyratzopoulos, Georgios. "Understanding variation in the timeliness of diagnosis of cancer in symptomatic patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 30_suppl (October 20, 2014): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.30_suppl.301.
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301 Background: Diagnosing cancer promptly in symptomatic patients is a priority for healthcare systems worldwide, but little is known about how initiatives can be targeted to patients at greater risk. Methods: UK data on the number of consultations with a family doctor before specialist referral (‘pre-referral consultations’); the time interval from presentation to referral (‘primary care interval’); and stage at diagnosis, were analysed using multivariable regression models. Results: Both patient experience (41,299 patients, 24 cancers) and clinical audit (13,031 patients, 18 cancers) data indicated wide variation in two correlated measures* of the difficulty of suspecting the diagnosis of cancer once the patient had presented to their family doctor. For example, >30% of patients with multiple myeloma, pancreatic and lung cancer experienced three or more pre-referral consultations; in contrast, this was true for <10% of patients with breast cancer and melanoma (p<0.001). Adjusting for diagnostic case-mix, younger and ethnic minority patients, and women, were more likely to experience three or more pre-referral consultations. Data from 88,657 patients (10 cancers) suggested socio-demographic disparities in stage at diagnosis for some only cancers: For patients with melanoma, breast and endometrial cancer, lower socioeconomic status was associated with higher risk of advanced stage at diagnosis and for, these three cancers, the same was true for older age. Conclusions: Different diagnostic intervals vary widely by cancer diagnosis and patient characteristics. Notable disparities in stage at diagnosis are apparent for ‘easy-to-suspect’ cancers (which are associated with minimal delay post-presentation), strongly implicating psychosocial patient factors as the source of these disparities. These findings can help to appropriately target early diagnosis policy initiatives and future research to patients at greater risk of prolonged diagnostic intervals. *Number of pre-referral consultations with a primary care physician and length of primary care interval (Spearman’s r=0.70).
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Ageeva, E. S., and L. A. Demidenko. "VINNITSKY ILYA MARKOVICH." Crimea Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 11, no. 2 (2022): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2224-6444-2021-11-2-55-63.
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The article is devoted to the activities of an outstanding person - scientist, helminthologist, geneticist, Doctor of Biology Sciences, Professor I.M.Vinnitsky (1910-1951). Ilya Markovich was the head of several biological departments of medical institutes in the Soviet Union (Simferopol, Tomsk, Sverdlovsk, Samarkand). His life was extraordinary, bright and at the same time difficult. Despite the fact that the period of his labor activity at that time fell on the era of the organization and formation of many medical institutes, his scientific, pedagogical and organizational activities left important, necessary traces for fu- ture generations of doctors in our country. Nevertheless, the archives and departments, as it turned out, do not contain rich information even about the great and significant people of that period. Perhaps this is due to wartime, when only in Simferopol the Crimean Medical Institute experienced 2 evacuations and countless bombings. Ilya Markovich’s family members, son Vladimir Ilyich and grandson Danil Vladimirovich, helped the authors to restore the lost parts of the biography, but in essence they were told on the basis of the surviving part of the copies of documents, so that we know and remember, and could pass on to future generations about our teachers and inspirers. The article is part of a series of publications of the Department of Medical Biology, dedicated to the 90th anniver- sary of the Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky and the 90th anniversary of the Department of Medical Biology, the anniversary of which fell on 2021.
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Gutman, Gloria, Brian deVries, Robert Beringer, Paneet Gill, and Helena Daudt. "Has the COVID-19 Pandemic Increased Advance Care Planning Discussions Held by Older Adults?" Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.512.
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Abstract In an online survey exploring older Canadians’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic, 3989 respondents aged 55-99 indicated whether they had discussed their future care preferences and with whom, prior to and since the outbreak. Pre-pandemic, 62% had held such discussions; since the pandemic 43% did so, 11% for the first time. Rates were significantly higher among white respondents than among persons of color, women than men, and those 65+ than younger respondents. Respondents were most likely to have talked, respectively, with their spouse (58% before; 40% since), family (35%; 22%), and friends (12%; 10%)—with higher rates for white, women and older respondents. Surprisingly, only 4% before and 2% since the pandemic had discussed their care preferences with a doctor. Initiation of some new discussions was encouraging but there were fewer than expected, perhaps due to denial, superstition, or disbelief of pandemic severity. Advance care planning remains an under-utilized resource.
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Slater, Alan, Rugi Saeed, Marque Fernando, and Ceri Evans. "‘The kind of doctor I wanted to be.’ A qualitative analysis of junior doctors’ reasons for choosing to train in psychiatry and in Wales." BJPsych Open 7, S1 (June 2021): S351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.919.
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AimsTo understand the factors underpinning junior doctors’ decision-making processes regarding their choice of psychiatry as a speciality, and why they chose to pursue specialty training in Wales.BackgroundOver recent years there have been significant challenges in recruiting junior doctors into psychiatry specialty training, both within the UK and in Wales. To counter this a number of measures have been instituted, including advertising campaigns from the Royal College of Psychiatrists (‘Choose Psychiatry’) and Health Education and Improvement Wales (HEIW) (‘Train Work Live’), together with financial incentives. To date there has been no published evaluation of the effectiveness of these measures.MethodTwo focus groups were run (in August 2019 and January 2020) with trainees appointed to new training posts in August 2019. The focus groups featured set questions acting as prompts for discussion. These focused on various factors behind making decisions to train in Psychiatry and choosing to train within HEIW. The focus groups were recorded and transcribed. Following this a thematic analysis was conducted to identify key elements arising from the discussions.ResultThe focus groups were attended by 14 trainees in total (eleven CT1s, four ST4s.) Living in Wales prior to appointment was the most common factor in leading participants to choose to train in Wales, jointly with having a support network (friends or family) in Wales (each present in 57%, n = 8.) Perceptions around a favourable work-life balance were also important (45%, n = 5.) Interactions with staff in an ambassadorial or support role were a significant driver, especially for international medical graduates. Financial incentives and advertising campaigns appeared to have limited influence over participants’ decision-making, awareness of these being highest among those already working in psychiatry or in Wales.Having a foundation year job with a psychiatry placement was a common theme in choosing psychiatry as a specialty (43%, n = 6.) Work-life balance of the specialty was also important (21%, n = 3.) Again, after these it was hard to identify coherent themes.ConclusionWe identified three separate groups, namely CT1s, ST4s and international medical graduates, each with distinct themes underlying a range of needs. There was a broad range of factors underlying trainees’ decisions which should be reflected when planning future recruitment strategies. It appeared that advertising campaigns and financial incentives were of limited influence.
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Davey, Kevin, Sumin Jacob, Nilesh Prasad, Manjula Shri, Richard Amdur, Janice Blanchard, Jeffrey Smith, and Katherine Douglass. "Characteristics and expectations among emergency department patients in India." PLOS Global Public Health 2, no. 2 (February 11, 2022): e0000009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000009.
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In India, and many low-middle income countries (LMICs), emergency medicine (EM) remains a poorly defined specialty and an unregulated field of clinical practice. Recognition of the attitudes, understanding, and expectations of patients presenting to Indian EDs will be crucial to the continued development of EM as a specialty. This is a multicenter, prospective, cross sectional study of adult and pediatric patients presenting to the ED in three geographically distinct regions of India. Participants were surveyed about their expectations regarding the type of care that they expected to receive, previous treatment options they have utilized, basic understanding of ED operations, factors contributing to their decision to seek ED care, and basic demographic information. 779 patients were approached to participate in the study, of which 698 (90%) completed the survey. Common ways that patients reported learning about the ED were referral from another healthcare provider (45%) and recommendation by a family member (61%). Participants chose the ED was because they thought they would be seen quickly (89%), would receive acute pain management (45%), their regular outpatient care was closed (45%), or were sent by another doctor (45%). Patients expected to wait 0.3 hours (18 minutes) on average to see a doctor in the ED. Over 75% or patients expected to see a specialist consultant in the ED and 12% expected to see their personal physician. Eighty-five percent of patients were triaged as moderate or high acuity, and 74% of patients were admitted. This study found that ED in India is utilized by a population with an extremely high acuity of medical illness that attempts to access healthcare through multiple avenues. Patients most frequently visit the ED due to a referral from another healthcare provider or family member. Most patients are aware of the existence of the ED, though understanding of available services may be lacking. Future research should focus on community outreach and education initiatives on ED services.
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Rybalov, O. V., I. Yu Lytovchenko, S. V. Kolomiets, and V. L. Prochankina. "DEONTOLOGY AND PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN DENTIST’S PROFESSION." Ukrainian Dental Almanac, no. 2 (June 25, 2018): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2409-0255.2.2018.09.
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Medicine is a sphere of activity where there are no trivialities, no unnoticed acts, views, experiences. All contact between the doctor and the patient during the course is a system of human relationships, so the outcome of any treatment depends on their level and quality. Through cooperation with a physician, the patient takes an active position, assumes responsibility for his or her health and takes part in recovery. An inextricable set of manual skills and communication skills determines the professionalism of the physician, forming a solid foundation of trust in the patient.
The purpose of the investigation is to consider the specifics of issues of deontology and professional ethics in the work of a dentist in modern conditions.
The professional morale of the doctor is the subject to the goal of health and human life. Hence the well-known ethical principle of therapy: "Non nocere". The basic moral principle states: "Do not harm the patient by providing the patient health care." At the clinical departments of the Medical Academy, one of the goals of training future specialists is the tradition of treatment, when the doctor brings benefits to the patient and does not harm. These approaches are implemented by the teacher during the theoretical part of the class, and especially on the practical one. When studying the section "Periodontology" at the departments of Therapeutic and Surgical Dentistry of UMSA, the ethical principle "Non nocere" is used at the stages of diagnosis of periodontal tissue diseases, the appointment of general treatment, when choosing local therapies, especially in the application of surgical methods (closed and open curettage, , cryo-curettage, gingivectomy, scapular operations, and others). Students learn to apply a differentiated and individualized approach to each patient.
For the modern physician, the highest values must be universal values, therefore, in the process of decision-making, he can not be guided by the notions of moral and other value-added character. The doctor acts as an expert who, based on clinical data and experimental laboratory findings, establishes a final diagnosis, explaining to the patient all that relates only to his disease, leaving out the attention of the patient's vital problems. At the departments of Surgical and Therapeutic Dentistry, during classroom practical classes in the clinic, students, from the first steps of communication with patients, develop basic ethical and moral principles. Students independently conduct a subjective and objective examination of patients, learn to correctly collect the anamnestic data of the disease and life of patients. They analyze the data of the anamnesis, ponder them and make a plan of diagnosis and plan of treatment of their patients. After the differential diagnosis and the establishment of a final clinical diagnosis, under the guidance of the teacher, medical manipulations are carried out.
One of the main ethical and moral principles is the preservation of medical secrets - the physician should not disclose personal information about the patient, as well as express doubts regarding his recovery. In order to gain the full confidence of the patient, the doctor must also preserve family secrets. Medical secrecy is the information the doctor receives during his duties. Starting with junior courses at profile dentistry departments, students learn that the medical secrecy involves the non-disclosure of disease data not only to others, but in some cases to the patient himself. It is necessary to protect the patient from the information that may harm his mental condition and the ability to fight the disease. When using information constituting a medical secrecy in the educational process, in research work, in particular, in cases where they are published in a special literature, anonymity of the patient should be ensured.
Providing medical stomatological services is a complex of activity that requires a lot of knowledge, skills, technology, work from biological elements that can be unpredictable, as well as knowledge of medical psychology. The ethical duty of a dentist is to respect the patient's right to make independent decisions. At the same time, the actions of a dentist are inevitably influenced by such human factors as subjectivity of judgment, fatigue, lack of time, mistakes of other people, technical malfunction of equipment, etc. The peculiarity of the activity of the dentist at the present stage is the comprehensive implementation of the principles of bioethics, which could be considered universal: it is the autonomy of the individual, informed consent, voluntariness, confidentiality, dignity, integrity, vulnerability, justice. Patients want to believe that their doctor always establishes an absolutely accurate diagnosis and never misses the treatment, but it is simply impossible. The combination of human relationships and technological moments increases the likelihood of medical errors. Ethics requires that the physician inform the patient of his or her mistakes if these errors affect the health of his or her health. Open recognition and analysis of mistakes are beneficial both to the patient and to the dentist, and to the whole practice.
Educational medical institutions of the III and IV levels of accreditation, which carry out post-graduate education for cadets and interns, pay great attention to practical activities. The reception of patients is carried out by teachers, along with young doctors or young doctors independently admit patients under the control of a teacher-tutor. Such situation often does not suit patients. They seek quality skilled assistance and do not want to be "trained" to doctors who have only received diplomas. Employees of the higher medical school use the knowledge of ethics and deontology in the relationship between the physician and the patient, and help to build a patient's confidence in a young specialist. The senior teacher explains to the patient the need to attract young doctors to treatment, defines the purpose of this collaboration as a transfer of experience.
In modern medicine, in particular, in dentistry, the patient takes part in the discussion of the treatment process, acquaints himself with the plan of examination and treatment, and gives his written consent to this at the completion of medical documentation, in particular, an outpatient card for a dental patient. The dentist interacts with the patient as a specialist and performs all necessary manipulations. With this aim in improving the medical skills of students and interns, discussions are held with their colleagues, discussions with older and more experienced doctors of complex diseases, clinical examinations, clinical conferences are practiced [4, 5].
Teachers of the dental departments of the academy always educate the students and intern doctors such qualities as a doctor, such as friendly fellowship, availability for contacts, readiness to seek help and help a colleague, justice, and high professionalism. It should be noted that the culture of behavior, together with professional competence, forms the authority of the physician both in the team and among patients. A doctor of proper clinical education is always grateful to his mentors. The key to friendly collegial relationships is deep respect, goodwill and trust, adherence to the established subordination, discipline.
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Rachwalska, Marzena. "Role of the family in the spiritual formation of Karol Wojtyła." Forum Teologiczne, no. 22 (October 13, 2021): 141–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/ft.6927.
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The Wojtyła family is a special family which, in God's plan, is an example of heroic faith, hope and love. The Pope's parents were his role model and the perfect foundation for his journey to holiness. Prayer and the sacraments were a means of union with God. They fulfilled God's will by living in the spirit of the Gospel and total devotion to Mary - Totus Tuus. Following the life and pontificate of John Paul II, the above article shows and illustrates the influence of parents on Karol, the future pope. Therefore, it is a great inspiration for families, educators, and caregivers who are nowadays looking for original, charismatic authorities that will inspire and lead them to the right path.
In 2020, when the 100th anniversary of St. John Paul II’s birth was celebrated, on May 7, the Episcopate consented to the commencement of the beatification process of Karol and Emilia Wojtyła by the Archdiocese of Krakow. Thus, the Holy See was asked to start the process at the diocesan level.
The initiation of the beatification process of Pope Wojtyła's elder brother Edmund remains an open issue. He died in 1932, taking care of his sick patients at the hospital in Bielsko. Edmund received the title of Doctor of Medicine at the Jagiellonian University on March 29, 1930. The beatification committee was established in 1997.
Karol Wojtyła's family did not differ from the average Catholic family of that time. What distinguishes this family today is Love and Faithfulness to God and people. Devotion, service and humility. Holiness is a gift that the baptized receive with the first sacrament. As such, this gift should be nurtured and developed in the Catholic Church community through sacramental life and a life of prayer. The Wojtyła family is an example of fulfilling God's will in everyday life. It abided with God and continues to do so.
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Grosman-Dziewiszek, Patrycja, Benita Wiatrak, Izabela Jęśkowiak, and Adam Szeląg. "Patients’ Habits and the Role of Pharmacists and Telemedicine as Elements of a Modern Health Care System during the COVID-19 Pandemic." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 18 (September 17, 2021): 4211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10184211.
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Aims/Introduction: The Polish government introduced the epidemic on 20 March 2020, after The World Health Organization (WHO) announced the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in January 2020. Patients’ access to specialist clinics and family medicine clinics was limited. In this situation, pharmacists were likely the first option for patient’s health information. On 18 March 2020, the National Health Fund issued modifications that increased the accessibility to primary health care such as telemedicine. The development of e-health in Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic included the implementation of electronic medical records (EDM), telemedicine development, e-prescription, and e-referrals implementation. We investigated this emergency’s effect on patients’ health habits, access to healthcare, and attitude to vaccination. Materials and methods: An anonymous study in the form of an electronic and paper questionnaire was conducted in March 2021 among 926 pharmacies patients in Poland. The content of the questionnaire included access to medical care, performing preventive examinations, implementation of e-prescriptions, patient satisfaction with telepathing, pharmaceutical care, and COVID-19 vaccination. Results: During the COVID-19 pandemic, 456 (49.2%) patients experienced worse access to a doctor. On the other hand, 483 (52.2%) patients did not perform preventive examinations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Almost half of the patients (45.4% (n = 420)) were not satisfied with the teleconsultation visit to the doctor. A total of 90% (n = 833) of the respondents do not need help in making an appointment with a doctor and buying medications prescribed by a doctor in the form of an e-prescription. In the absence of access to medical consultation, 38.2% (n = 354) of respondents choose the Internet as a source of medical advice. However, in the absence of contact with a doctor, 229 persons (24.7%) who took part in the survey consulted a pharmacist. In addition, 239 persons (25.8%) used pharmacist advice more often during the COVID-19 pandemic than before its outbreak on 12 March 2020. Moreover, 457 (49.4%) respondents are satisfied with the advice provided by pharmacists, and even 439 patients of pharmacies (47.4%) expect an increase in the scope of pharmaceutical care in the future, including medical advice provided by pharmacists. Most of the respondents, 45.6% (n = 422), want to be vaccinated in a hospital or clinic, but at the same time, for a slightly smaller number of people, 44.6% (n = 413), it has no meaning where they are will be vaccinated against COVID-19. Conclusions: Telemedicine is appreciated by patients but also has some limitations. The COVID-19 pandemic is the chance for telemedicine to transform from implementations to a routine healthcare system structure. However, some patients still need face-to-face contact with the doctor or pharmacist. Pharmacists are essential contributors to public health and play an essential role during the COVID-19 pandemic. Integration of pharmaceutical care with public health care and strong growth in the professional group of pharmacists may have optimized patient care.