Статті в журналах: "Fusible alloy"

1

Press and Shear. "Fusible alloy tooling." Materials & Design 10, no. 5 (September 1989): 265–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0261-3069(89)80067-6.

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2

Lee, Seong Hyuk, Jung Hee Lee, Jin Woon Lee, and Jong Min Kim. "Coalescence Characteristics of Fusible Particles in Solderable Isotropic Conductive Adhesives (ICAs)." Materials Science Forum 580-582 (June 2008): 213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.580-582.213.

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A new hybrid soldering and conductive adhesive joining technology using a fusible lowmelting- point alloy (LMPA) have been developed. A numerical method for numerical analysis of fusible particles behavior is proposed to investigate coalescence characteristics of fusible particles in solderable isotropic conductive adhesives (ICAs). For finding out suitable conditions to obtain reliable conduction paths, the present study examines the influence of process-related parameters such as volume fraction and viscosity on coalescence characteristics of fusible particles.

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3

Kim, Se-Ho, Ji Yeong Lee, Jae-Pyoung Ahn, and Pyuck-Pa Choi. "Fabrication of Atom Probe Tomography Specimens from Nanoparticles Using a Fusible Bi–In–Sn Alloy as an Embedding Medium." Microscopy and Microanalysis 25, no. 2 (February 4, 2019): 438–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927618015556.

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AbstractWe propose a new method for preparing atom probe tomography specimens from nanoparticles using a fusible bismuth–indium–tin alloy as an embedding medium. Iron nanoparticles synthesized by the sodium borohydride reduction method were chosen as a model system. The as-synthesized iron nanoparticles were embedded within the fusible alloy using focused ion beam milling and ion-milled to needle-shaped atom probe specimens under cryogenic conditions. An atom probe analysis revealed boron atoms in a detected iron nanoparticle, indicating that boron from the sodium borohydride reductant was incorporated into the nanoparticle during its synthesis.

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4

Jensen, William B. "The Origin of the Name “Onion’s Fusible Alloy”." Journal of Chemical Education 87, no. 10 (October 2010): 1050–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed100764f.

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5

Kulikov, Mihail U., Vitaliy E. Inozemtsev, and Myo Naing Oo. "Technological Method for the Finishing Process of Fusible Alloy." Key Engineering Materials 581 (October 2013): 224–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.581.224.

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The way is developed by the combined process of finishing machining. In this method, surface treatment is due to the combined effects of cutting tool and anodic dissolution of metal under the influence of an electric current in the electrolytic solution. Applying of this method allow the processing of aluminum and copper alloys to obtain higher quality parameters of the obtained surface, including special material.

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6

Baudelet, B., M. C. Dang, and F. Bordeaux. "Mechanical behaviour of an aluminium alloy with fusible grain boundaries." Scripta Metallurgica et Materialia 26, no. 4 (February 1992): 573–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0956-716x(92)90286-n.

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7

El-Bediwi, Abu Bakr. "Effect of quaternary addition on structure, electrical, mechanical and thermal properties of bismuth-tin-zinc rapidly solidified fusible alloy." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN PHYSICS 7, no. 3 (February 23, 2015): 1952–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jap.v7i3.1592.

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Effect of quaternary addition, silver or indium, on structure, electrical, mechanical and thermal properties of bismuth-tin-zinc rapidly solidified fusible alloy have been investigated.Â Adding silver or indium caused change in alloy matrix microstructure such as matrix parameters and crystal structure of formed phase.Â A significant increase in bismuth-tin-zinc alloy strengthens with a little decreased in melting point after adding silver content.Â But a significant decrease in bismuth-tin-zinc alloy melting point with a very little increase in alloy strengthens after adding indium content

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8

Chartier, Thierry, Eric Delhomme, Jean François Baumard, Georg Veltl, and François Ducloux. "Injection moulding of hollow silicon nitride parts using fusible alloy cores." Ceramics International 27, no. 7 (January 2001): 821–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0272-8842(01)00036-0.

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9

Geist, H., and M. Kottke. "Solderability Degradation Models for Fusible Tin Alloy Coatings on Copper Substrates." IEEE Transactions on Components, Hybrids, and Manufacturing Technology 11, no. 3 (September 1988): 270–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tchmt.1988.1134916.

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10

Geist, H., and M. Kottke. "Solderability degradation models for fusible tin alloy coatings on copper substrates." IEEE Transactions on Components, Hybrids, and Manufacturing Technology 11, no. 3 (September 1988): 270–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/33.16652.

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11

Mukutadze, M. A., M. V. Novakovich, and N. S. Zadorozhnaya. "Computational Model for Radial Plain Bearing with Non-Circular Bearing Surface Profile and Fusible Coating on Shaft Surface." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2096, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2096/1/012023.

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Abstract The paper presents a study based upon: a Newtonian fluid flow equation (“thin layer”), a continuity equation, and an equation of the molten-profile radius for a shaft coated with a fusible metal alloy; considering a mechanical energy dissipation rate formula, the authors produced an asymptotic and accurate automodel solution for the zero approximation (melting ignored) and first approximation (adjusted for melting) of a radial plain bearing featuring a fusible metal coating and a bearing profile adapted to the specific friction parameters. The paper further presents analytical dependencies describing the molten surface radius, velocity and pressure fields for zero and first approximation. Besides, it determines the key operating parameters of the frictional couple, the bearing capacity, and the friction. It also shows how the parameters arising from the melting of the surface affect the bearing capacity and friction where the bearing surface profile is adapted to the specific conditions of friction.

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12

Tashima, Shunzo, Shinichi Hori, and Hidenori Kuroki. "The High Speed Centrifugal Compaction of Submicron Ceramic Powder in Fusible Alloy Die." Journal of the Japan Society of Powder and Powder Metallurgy 42, no. 3 (1995): 293–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.42.293.

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13

Wang, Wei, Hugo Rodrigue, and Sung-Hoon Ahn. "Smart soft composite actuator with shape retention capability using embedded fusible alloy structures." Composites Part B: Engineering 78 (September 2015): 507–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2015.04.007.

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14

Vernigora, G. D., E. V. Kruchinina, and M. A. Mukutadze. "Computational model of a micropolar lubricant with a non-standard support profile and a metal coating at incomplete filling of the working gap." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2061, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2061/1/012037.

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Abstract The authors propose an asymptotic and exact self-similar solution for zero (without considering the melt) and the first (considering the melt) approximation of a wedge-shaped sliding support with a profile adapted to friction and a fusible metal coating of the guide surface. The solution is based on the equation of a micropolar liquid flow for a “thin layer”, the continuity equation, as well as the equation describing the profile of the molten contour of a guide coated with a fusible metal alloy. The authors have taken into account the formula of the rate of mechanical energy dissipation as well as rheological properties of the lubricant and the melt, which have micropolar properties in the laminar flow mode at incomplete filling of the working gap. Analytical dependences have been obtained for the profile of the molten surface of the guide coated with a low-melting metal alloy, as well as for the velocity and pressure fields at zero and first approximation. In addition, the main operating characteristics of the friction pair under consideration have been determined: the bearing capacity and the friction force. The article contains estimation of the influence of the parameters conditioned by coating melt and adapted to the friction conditions of the support profile, and the parameter characterizing the rheological properties of the lubricant, as well as the length of the loaded area in terms of bearing capacity and friction force.

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15

Ding, Yu, Xuelin Guo, Yumin Qian, and Guihua Yu. "Low-Temperature Multielement Fusible Alloy-Based Molten Sodium Batteries for Grid-Scale Energy Storage." ACS Central Science 6, no. 12 (October 21, 2020): 2287–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.0c01035.

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16

Adamiec, Janusz. "Assessment of High-Temperature Brittleness Range of the Casted Alloy AZ91." Materials Science Forum 690 (June 2011): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.690.41.

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Hot cracking is one of the main problems in casting magnesium alloys and their joining with the use of welding. Despite a great body of research, which has led to the establishment of the hot cracking criteria and preparation of our models simulating the crystallisation of the casts and the crystallisation processes of the welds, in industrial practice such kind of cracking is still a significant problem. Conducted tests have enabled the determination of high-temperature brittleness range HTBR (High-temperature brittleness range) of AZ91E, understood as difference value of temperature between the temperature NST (Nil-strength temperature) and ductility recovery temperature DRT (ductility recovery temperature). It was stated that the widest range of HTBR appears in material in delivery state, due to biggest share of fusible inter-metallic phase Mg17Al12. Hot cracking in AZ91E alloy appears in areas of melted massive phase Mg17Al12 by disruption of the liquid film. Crack development follows along partially melted crystals of the solid solution Mg(a). High-temperature brittleness range HTBR determining the weldability of the AZ91E alloy depends on the heat treatment of this alloy. For alloy in delivery state it is 143°C, whereas after solution heat treatment it equals 94°C, and after solution heat treatment with ageing it is 91°C. Therefore, it is worth repairing the casts from AZ91E alloy in after-heat-treatment-condition.

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17

Zhang, Sa, Zhong Hou Xu, Shi Chen, You Sheng Xu, and Gen Hua Wu. "The Design Principle and Application of Thermally Protected Metal Oxide Varistor TMOV." Advanced Materials Research 472-475 (February 2012): 1851–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.472-475.1851.

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Metal oxide varistors referred to as MOV were widely applied due to its excellent non-linear volt-ampere characteristic. In spite of its predominant function and using, MOV is always failed in value due to the increased temperature of MOV itself under an applied external field. The varistors assembly with an fusible alloy type thermal cutoff (called TMOV as follows) was designed in this paper, and it can make MOV avoid over-heat from degradation, failure and thus can prevent from fire hidden trouble, which was confirmed by experiments. It is really a very important technological improvement and breakthrough in over-heat protective field of MOV.

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18

Debray, A., M. Shibata, and H. Fujita. "Thermal modification of the rigidity of micro-structures by the phase transition of a fusible alloy." Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 19, no. 5 (April 28, 2009): 055014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0960-1317/19/5/055014.

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19

Yu, Yongze, Fujun Liu, and Jing Liu. "Direct 3D printing of low melting point alloy via adhesion mechanism." Rapid Prototyping Journal 23, no. 3 (April 18, 2017): 642–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-12-2015-0185.

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Purpose This paper aims to propose a method that can directly print low-melting-point alloy In61Bi26Sn9Ga4 into a variety of macroscopic 3D structures at room temperature via adhesion mechanism. Design/methodology/approach In the first section, the principle of the direct printing system is described. As process parameters and material properties have both geometric and physical significance to printing, the approach the authors take is to study the relationships between key parameters and ultimate printed dimension. The surface tension of the fusible alloy is measured under different temperature ranges. Findings The interaction between the initial standoff distance and the geometry of the first layer is critically important for the adhesion of the liquid metal to the substrate and metal deposition. The characterization of the layer stacking in the direct printing process, stability ranges of the layer thickness and printing speed are also demonstrated. The direct printing system is suitable for making 3D structures with low-melting-point alloy under the summarized range of printing conditions. Social implications This study may arouse big public attention among society. Originality/value This study shows possibilities of manufacturing macroscopic 3D metal objects by continuously depositing molten alloy with low viscosity and high surface tension around room temperature. This study provides a supplement to realize compound printing with metal and nonmetal materials together for building terminal functional devices in a low cost and efficient way.

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20

Sandu, Ioan Gabriel, Viorica Vasilache, Ion Sandu, Felix Adrian Tencariu, and Andrei Victor Sandu. "Study on the Middle Bronze Age Disc-Butted Axe Ornament from Archaeometallurgical Point of View." Applied Sciences 11, no. 21 (October 20, 2021): 9814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11219814.

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Our research was conducted on a copper disc-butted axe, with a surface decoration made of a tin-based alloy, which was found east of the Carpathian Mountains in the Moldavian Plateau. This unique piece is thought to belong to the Middle Bronze Age in the Western Carpathians—Wietenberg, Suciu de Sus and Otomani–Füzesabony cultures. In order to evaluate the application process and the origin of the ores used, the surface and volume phase variation of the concentration of the metal components of the basic alloy (copper) and of the ornament was analysed using optical microscopy (OM), stereomicroscopy (SM) and SEM-EDX. The archaeometric features, formed both during its use and during its lying in the archaeological site, were identified and later used in archaeometallurgical evaluations and in determining the preservation condition of the two components (axe and ornament) on the surface, interface and in stratigraphic section. Experimental data revealed that, after its casting in porous silicon stone moulds, the object was coated with a thin film by immersion in an easily fusible tin alloy, which included copper as the major alloying component and arsenic and iron as minor components. After finishing the shiny white coat, a beautiful decoration was applied by incision and engraving. Used as a battle axe, it also had a rank function, as it belonged to the community leaders. The data prove the ability of ancient craftsmen to design and process copper alloys to obtain authentic extremely beautiful artefacts, which provide new possibilities to reveal the social and symbolic function of certain ancient bronze objects.

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21

Zhantasov, K. T., Zh M. Altybayev, M. K. Zhantasov, M. M. Yeskendirova, B. A. Lavrov, and L. H. Frangulidi. "The Research of Fluxed Sinter Production with Sufficiently High Strength and Improved Technological Properties." Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 14, no. 4 (October 10, 2012): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj133.

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This article is dedicated to utilization of substandard phosphorite fines and simultaneously producing of fluxed sinter. Optimal technological parameters of the sintering process of phosphate fines with addition of the substandard underoxidized nickel-cobalt-containing ore and the internal overburden of coal mining industry were established. The addition of the nickel-cobalt ore and internal overburden containing nickel, cobalt, silicon and aluminum in the charge composition permits to produce the fluxed sinter with improved technological properties, with acidity module 0.90-1.08, with the high impact, abrasion and compression strength. Decrease of the fines output (less than 6 mm) on 10-15% (relatively) in comparison with the existing (traditional) sintering technology is explained with a content of carbon (up to 50%) in the internal overburden and increase of eutectic liquid phase amount at the expense of fusible components of the nickel-cobalt ore. The result of this process is the fluxed sinter with sufficiently high strength and improved technological properties. At the subsequent electro thermal sublimation of phosphorus from the fluxed sinter with high strength properties the ferrophosphorus alloy forms which contains the alloying metals such as Ni, Co, Cr and others. These additions containing silicon and aluminum create an exothermic effect, which leads to decreasing of fuel and energy consumptions. The suggested technology allows to decrease a melting point of the charge on 100 °C due to presence of fusible compounds in the sintering mixture and to reduce the fuel and energy consumption for the sinter production. Found that the introduction of nickel-cobalt ore and internal overburden of coal industry in the sinter charge provides a fluxed sinter phosphorite with module of acidity 0.93-1.08 sufficiently high strength and improved technological properties, in addition, at subsequent electric sublimation of phosphorus from fluxed sinter the ferro alloy alloyed with nickel and cobalt is formed, which is a valuable raw material for the steel industry. According to the research it is assumed that the replacement of natural quartzite used as a flux to the nickel-cobalt-chromium containing ore and internal overburden, which include about 45% of silicon, as well as transition of nickel, cobalt and chromium ore into ferrophosphorous alloy with subsequent sales of its steel industry to a higher price will significantly improve the technical and economic indices of phosphorus production.

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22

Sokolov, A. G., and E. E. Bobylyov. "Diffusion Saturation by Titanium from Liquid-Metal Media as Way to Increase Carbide-Tipped Tool Life." Solid State Phenomena 265 (September 2017): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.265.181.

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The analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the existing technologies aimed at improving the performance properties of carbide-tipped tools is presented. The results of studies into the process of diffusion metallization by titanium of a carbide-tipped tool TK type from the media of fusible liquid-metal solutions is given. The influence of titanium diffusion coatings on the durability of carbide tools is investigated. A method of providing formation on hard alloys for wear-resistant titanium high-quality functional coatings is described. The thickness of the coating varies depending on the temperature and exposure time, and ranges from 4 to 6 μm. The hardness of the coatings obtained depends on the temperature of the coating and modes of pre-carburizing, and varies from 24100 to 30000 MPa. The microstructure of the coatings is investigated. The coating consists of two layers: the coating and the transition zone, the size and hardness of which depends on the conditions of pre-carburization and modes of application of the coating. The dependence of the coatings thickness on the duration of the plates exposure in the melt, the temperature of coating composition from the coated hard alloy is investigated.

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23

Safta, Voicu Ioan, Dumitru Mnerie, and Gabriela Victoria Mnerie. "Some Peculiarities of MIG-MAG Welding Processes with Concentrated Energies." Key Engineering Materials 890 (June 23, 2021): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.890.3.

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Throughout the history of modernization of welding processes, in many cases the research has focused on optimizing the location of energy in the welding area, with the continuous improvement of the quality of welded joints. The welding processes in shielding gas environment with fusible electrode (MIG-MAG) have achieved superior performances regarding the increase of the current density around of the welded joint, simultaneously with the increase of the universality degree of their application. This paper is based on researching the possibilities of concentrating energy in the welding area, seeking to obtain both more favorable energy yields and an increased quality of welded joints. In the paper are shown a some results obtained following a comparative study on 2 welding processes in MIG-MAG protective gas medium, differentiated mainly by the metal drop transfer mode: by spraying (Spray arc), respectively by synergistic transfer (Arc pulsed), applied for corner welding of alloy steel sheets.

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24

Ulyanov, V., R. Askhadullin, V. Melnikov, V. Gulevskiy, M. Koshelev, and A. Storozhenko. "LEAD CONTAINING COOLANTS IN PERSPECTIVE TECHNOLOGIES OF SOLID, LIQUID AND GASEOUS RAW MATERIALS PROCESSING." PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. SERIES: NUCLEAR AND REACTOR CONSTANTS 2019, no. 1 (March 26, 2019): 52–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.55176/2414-1038-2019-1-52-66.

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The possibilities of innovative use of fusions of fusible metals (Pb, Pb-Bi) in the solution of hi-tech tasks are considered. The main actions for control and maintenance of quality of heavy liquid metal coolant in reactor installations and research stands of the Russian Federation taking into account operating experience of the lead-bismuth coolant in transport reactors are proved. The directions of innovative use of fusions of lead and the eutectic alloy of lead with bismuth, including in problems of processing of solid, liquid and gaseous raw materials are presented. Theoretically both the possibility of realization is experimentally proved and the prospects of thermoelectrochemical decomposition of water in liquid metal with receiving gaseous hydrogen and oxygen, receiving synthesis gas (mix of hydrogen and monoxide of carbon) from organic raw materials in the liquid-phase metal-oxide cycles "lead-lead oxide", liquid metal pyrolysis of solid organic polymeric waste with receiving the whole range of commodity products are confirmed, to distillation of water solutions without preliminary water treatment, synthesis of nanomaterials in liquid metal matrix.

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25

Nam, Seongsik, and Oh Ilhwan. "Solar Water Splitting Based on Organic Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells with Metal Protection and Catalyst." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2018-01, no. 31 (April 13, 2018): 1896. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2018-01/31/1896.

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The express Improvement of perovskite solar cells(PSC) has made them the highest Interest to studied for PV(Photovoltaics) and application in renewable energy. Here in we report on PSC applied on photoelectrolysis of water. Basically, it is easily decomposed by moisture and water. Thus, when it applied to water splitting. It is Important to protect device for stability of PSC. In this work, we demonstrate a method that improved stability of PSC during oxygen evolution in water. Field’s metal, a fusible In-Bi-Sn alloy, is used efficiently as a protection. Because of this it prevents the electrolyte from attacking the perovskite layer, and at the same time stably operates the reaction that the generated electrons transfer to oxygen evolution reaction(OER). Also it is deposited the Ni layer on the device by electrodeposition method. Ni as a catalyst for OER and it is abundant. As a result, the photo-electrode shows remarkable stability and performance in neutral and alkaline solutions, Under the continuous illumination(AM1.5G). Figure 1

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26

Asahina, Tadashi, and Mineo Kosaka. "Dynamical heat transfer problems in a thermal storage unit with packed bed of encapsulated PCM. Analysis in the case of fusible alloy." KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUNSHU 15, no. 1 (1989): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1252/kakoronbunshu.15.68.

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27

Smirnov, F. S., V. P. Menushenkov, V. S. Shubakov, and Sh D. Rakhmatov. "Formation of Structure and Magnetic Properties in Permanent Magnets Obtained by Pressing and Sintering of Micropowders of Alloy Fe2NiAl with Fusible Additions." Metal Science and Heat Treatment 61, no. 3-4 (July 2019): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11041-019-00394-2.

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28

ZHORNIK, Viktor I., and Svetlana A. KOVALIOVA. "ENERGY STATE ESTIMATION OF MECHANOCOMPOSITES CONTAINING FUSIBLE COMPONENTS BASED ON ANALYSIS OF FINE STRUCTURE PARAMETERS AND THERMAL EFFECTS." Mechanics of Machines, Mechanisms and Materials 4, no. 53 (December 2020): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.46864/1995-0470-2020-4-53-77-84.

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Energy state of composites obtained by mechanical alloying of the Cu-Sn and Fe-Ga powder mixtures during high-energy processing in the planetary ball mill is evaluated by the methods of X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It is shown that during mechanical alloying the total amount of accumulated energy can reach 80 % of the composite melting enthalpy. The greatest contribution to the structuralphase transformations is made by the phase changes of elastic deformations and grain boundaries. The obtained XRD data are consistent with the DSC data. Three endothermic effects are established at temperatures of 507, 792 and 905–1085 °C for the mechanocomposite with the composition Cu20Sn, the value of these thermal effects is significantly reduced (to 0.79, 16.29 and 36 J/g, respectively) relative to an alloy of similar composition obtained by metallurgical methods. The following criteria of estimation of the most probable processes of structural-phase transformations are proposed based on the energy state of mechanocomposites: the structure of the composite is activated at ΔEε << ΔEs; new phases (solid solutions, intermetallic compounds) are formed at ΔEε ≈ ΔEs; the structure ordering processes take place at ΔEε > ΔEs. The decrease in the values of the energy of elastic deformations ΔEε during prolonged mechanical alloying may indicate the increase of the role of the diffusion processes and the formation of ordered structures, which will contribute to the increase of thermal stability of the grain boundaries. According to these criteria, the dose of the introduced mechanical energy to obtain hardened mechanocomposites of the Cu-Sn composition is to meet the conditions: D ≥ 3.4 kJ/g for Cu-Sn mechanocomposites; D ≥ 37.8 kJ/g for Fe-Ga mechanocomposites.

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29

Kumar, Ramesh, Jitendra Kumar, and Monojit Bag. "Fusible Low Work Function Top Electrode for Vacuum-Free Perovskite Light-Emitting Diode Application: Role of OH-Terminated Sn Atoms at the Alloy Surface." ACS Applied Electronic Materials 3, no. 6 (May 27, 2021): 2757–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.1c00319.

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30

Shepelevich, V. G., O. N. Belaya, and E. Yu Neumerzhytskaya. "Influence of decomposition of oversatured liquid solutions on the structure and microhardness of quickly curing alloys of the Pb–Sn system." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Physical-Technical Series 64, no. 4 (January 11, 2020): 391–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8358-2019-64-4-391-397.

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Анотація:

The results of studies of the structure and microhardness of foil alloys of the lead–tin system obtained by high-speed cooling from the liquid phase are presented. The foil sample had the following dimensions: length – up to 10 cm, width – up to 1 cm, and thickness – 30–80 microns. Melt cooling rate was not less than 105 K/s. A rapidly cooled foil is chara cterized by a dispersed structure. The size of the discharge of tin and lead does not exceed 5 μm. The specific surface of the interfacial boundaries achieve 1.7 μm–1. Due to supercooling, a microcrystalline structure forms in the foil. The average lengths of chords of random secants on lead and tin grain sections in the Pb–73 at.% Sn alloy foil are 0.8 and 1.8 μm respectively. The texture of (111) lead and (100) tin is formed in the foil of alloys of the lead – tin system under certain conditions. The formation of the structure of lead alloys containing from 20 to 95 at.% tin is due to the occurrence of spinodal decomposition of a supersaturated liquid solution, and, in other alloys, due to decay by the mechanism of formation and growth of nuclei of crystalline phases. The stratification of the liquid solution leads to the formation of areas enriched in lead and tin, which contribute to the formation of crystallization centers that are equally distributed in the volume of the foil. The microhardness of the foil alloys, whose compositions are close to eutectic, is less than the microhardness of massive alloys of the same composition, which is associated with the softening effect of grain boundaries and interphase boundaries. Exposure of these alloys at room temperature causes an increase in microhardness due to a decrease in slippage at the boundaries. The decomposition of supersaturated solid solutions of Pb–5 at.% Sn and Sn–1 at.% Pb alloys leads to a decrease in microhardness due to the weakening of the effect of the solid solution hardening mechanism. The results of the study can be used to create fusible solders, bearing alloys, alloys for cable sheaths with improved physicochemical properties.

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31

Morgan, Glyn. "Workholding with fusible alloys." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 71, no. 6 (December 1999): 576–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00022669910303739.

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32

Biloborodchenko, Volodymyr, Andrii Dzyubyk, and Liudmyla Dzyubyk. "Design-technological optimization of the level of residual deformations during welding of pipe sections from PT-7M alloy." Ukrainian Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science 7, no. 1-2 (2021): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/ujmems2021.01-02.043.

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The use of tubular elements in the chemical industry is widely used. The special properties of materials and their reaction to the welding thermal cycle is quite complex. This is especially true of titanium alloys, which when heated are sensitive to environmental influences, require special welding techniques and undergo residual welding deformations. The welded joints of tubular elements made of titanium alloy brand PT-7m, which undergo transverse deformations due to welding, are studied. It is necessary to ensure high-quality sealed welds. Analysis of the literature has shown that to obtain a guaranteed penetration it is necessary to increase the power of the arc discharge or perform multi-pass welding. This will provide larger cross sections of welded parts and should provide the specified strength characteristics. However, this technology, in turn, leads to an increase in residual deformation in the vicinity of the welded joint due to the intensive increase in the coefficient of linear expansion when heating the material. Also, the special thermophysical properties of titanium alloy such as increasing the affinity for gases when heated, increasing the grain size lead to a decrease in strength properties. In the presented work it is proposed to use a mechanical angular deformer with an indicator head and a reference base for the study of transverse residual deformations. Peculiarities of measuring sockets and methods of their preparation are revealed. A calculation scheme for determining the amount of deformation has been developed, which has been tested on flat welded specimens and transferred to tubular elements. The sequence of deformation measurement process is described and the peculiarities of their formation on flat samples and tubular sections are studied. The constructive decision of a welded joint of pipes which provides use of a compensation ring is offered. This approach allows to provide reliable protection of the root of the seam and its optimal formation with minimal residual deformation. At the same time it is possible to reach the reproducible form of a dagger of similar penetration in one pass. The result is a welded joint of the lock type, which is sealed and has a free formation of the seam root with high-quality protection by the gas atmosphere. The use of pulsed arc welding with a non-fusible electrode in an argon environment with filler wire allows to minimize the thermal impact on the base metal. Statistical processing of experimental data on the parameters of the welding mode and their influence on the residual transverse welding deformations is carried out. To obtain an unambiguous statistically reliable answer about the valid law of distribution of experimental data of the results of strain measurement, the balancing procedure and the development of an analytical approximation distribution model are involved. It is shown that the measured values of the residual transverse deformation of the welded assembly are correctly described by the Laplace distribution, which predicts (probability not worse than 90 %) a decrease in the average value of the deformation value by 1.3 times.

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33

Abtan, Najeeb Salman, Jawdat Ali Yagoob, and Ayshan Mohammed Shukri. "Study the effect of welding pass number on the mechanical and metallurgical properties of Aluminum type Al 1050 H14 produced by friction stir welding." Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 28, no. 4 (October 1, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjes.28.4.01.

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Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a solid-state welding technique with non-fusible rotary welds. Heat is generated by the friction produced between the weld tool and the two opposite surfaces of the two welded parts and the tool works on mechanical mixing with the presence of heat, pressure, and heat generated, reaching approximately (80-90%) of the melting point of the metal to be welded. In this study, Al 1050 H14 aluminum with a thickness of (6mm) was used for the purpose of welding it by means of the friction stir welding process in a butt welding method to obtain similar welding joints. A set with a square stitching tool Made of alloy steel was used by using a milling machine, with fixed (rotational speed of 1008 rpm and linear velocity of 40mm / min), an inclination angle of (2o), and counterclockwise rotation. The efficiency of welded joints was evaluated through static mechanical tests. Tensile tests, microscopic hardness, and visual examination. The results for all welds showed that the mixing zone (NZ) consists of fine grains of equal axes compared to the base metal. When welding on one side and in one path, the microstructure of HAZ was similar to the base metal. TAMZ was a transition region between HAZ and NZ. As for welding on one side, with two paths and three paths, the structure turned into a fine crystalline structure. By increasing the number of paths per side, the welding efficiency of the welded sample increased as the best efficiency was from one side and three paths (76.215%). Through the results, the tensile strength increases with the increase in the number of paths, as the best tensile strength was obtained when conducting the welding process from one side and by three paths, which is (93.653 MPa). It is equivalent to 76.21% of the tensile strength of the base metal. The hardness value in the weld zone (NZ) is higher than the other two zones (HAZ, TMAZ) due to the occurrence of dynamic recrystallization, which results in very fine and equiaxial crystals, but the hardness value in the weld zone remains less than the hardness value of the base metal.

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34

Singh, Jaspreet, Harinder Singh, Jeewan Sharma, Tejbir Singh, and Parjit S. Singh. "Fusible alloys: A potential candidate for gamma rays shield design." Progress in Nuclear Energy 106 (July 2018): 387–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnucene.2018.04.002.

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35

Miszczak, Maciej, and Sławomir Gryka. "MATERIALS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS FOR CONTROLLED VENTILLATION OF INSENSITIVE MUNITION IN THE LIGHT OF PATENT LITERATURE." PROBLEMY TECHNIKI UZBROJENIA, no. 3 (December 1, 2017): 85–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.6344.

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Анотація:

The paper includes a review of foreign patent publications on application of plastics and low-fusible metal alloys for controlled depressurisation (venting) of artillery and missile munitions affected by high ambient temperatures occurring at emergency situations like e.g. a fire of ammunition store. Controlled pressure relief prevents the excessive pressure building up for high energetic thermal decomposition products inside the munitions what could end in a rapid reaction of deflagration or explosion. Apart of thermal and mechanical characteristics of the above mentioned materials their location in munitions is also shown. In effect of research investigations 24 patent descriptions of inventions on the subject matter were selected with primary dates within 1970 - 2013 [5-28]. The descriptions indicate that low-fusible metal alloys and plastics are usually deployed into joints of munitions’ components and in rare cases beyond them in special venting ducts connecting the inside of munitions with the open air. Effects of patent investigations may be especially helpful at designing and testing low-sensitive munitions particularly for aspects concerning their reaction against thermal stimuli (threats).

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36

Pöttgen, Rainer. "Stannides and Intermetallic Tin Compounds – Fundamentals and Applications." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 61, no. 6 (June 1, 2006): 677–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2006-0607.

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Анотація:

Tin, tin alloys and intermetallic tin compounds play a key role in many technologies and high-tech applications. Many of these intermetallics find application in daily life such as pewterware, bronzes, solders, fusible alloys, superconductors, capsules for wine bottles or tinplate packaging. Many of the applications are directly related to distinct stannides or intermetallic tin compounds. The crystal chemistry and chemical bonding of these materials as well as their applications are briefly reviewed

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37

Ding, Yu, Xuelin Guo, and Guihua Yu. "Next-Generation Liquid Metal Batteries Based on the Chemistry of Fusible Alloys." ACS Central Science 6, no. 8 (July 9, 2020): 1355–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.0c00749.

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38

Kamal, Mustafa, Said Mazen, Abu Bakr El-Bediwi, and Eman Kashita. "Characterization of bismuth–tin–lead and bismuth–tin–lead–cadmium fusible alloys." Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids 160, no. 8 (August 2005): 369–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10420150500408483.

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39

Kamal, M., B. M. Moharram, H. Farag, A. El-Bediwi, and H. F. Abosheiasha. "Structure, attenuation coefficients and physical properties of Bi–Pb–Sn fusible alloys." Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids 161, no. 2 (February 2006): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10420150500493659.

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40

Méndez, Enríquez, M. Vlasova, I. Leon, M. G. Kakazey, M. Dominguez-Patiño, L. Isaeva, and T. Tomila. "Low temperature synthesis of porous silicate ceramics." Science of Sintering 39, no. 1 (2007): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sos0701039m.

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Impregnation of a polyurethane sponge with kaolin, feldspar, silica, fusible glass slurry followed by temperature treatment in air in the temperature range 800-1000 0 C leads to the formation of aluminosilicate ceramics with a set pore size. The low-temperature synthesis of porous ceramics is based on the stage-by-stage formation of low-temperature eutectics and thermodestruction of polyurethane sponge.

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41

Vlasova, M., I. Rosales, M. Kakazey, Parra Parra, and R. Guardian. "Formation of porous ceramics using cullet and biological waste of water purification." Science of Sintering 43, no. 1 (2011): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sos1101081v.

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Porous ceramics (bricks) was obtained using red clay, milled fusible cullet, and biowaste in the temperature range 950-1000?C. The high content of water in biowaste eliminates the necessity of introducing water in soft mud forming of bricks. The porosity, water absorption capacity, and mechanical properties of the prepared ceramics depend on content of milled cullet and sintering temperature.

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42

MAKI, Seijiro, and Masao NAKAMURA. "Joining of ceramics to aluminum using Al-Mg and Al-Si alloys as fusible insert." Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals 40, no. 2 (1990): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2464/jilm.40.75.

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43

Ding, Yu, Xuelin Guo, Yumin Qian, Leigang Xue, Andrei Dolocan, and Guihua Yu. "Room‐Temperature All‐Liquid‐Metal Batteries Based on Fusible Alloys with Regulated Interfacial Chemistry and Wetting." Advanced Materials 32, no. 30 (June 17, 2020): 2002577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.202002577.

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44

Schlegel, H. "An investigation of spot welded - adhesively bonded components made with fusible adhesives." Welding International 4, no. 12 (January 1990): 998–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09507119009453041.

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45

Маевский, К. К. "Численное исследование ударно-волнового нагружения металлических композитов на базе W и WC". Журнал технической физики 91, № 5 (2021): 815. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/jtf.2021.05.50694.293-20.

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The results of research on modeling shock-wave loading of metal composites – elkonites, which are sintered refractory materials tungsten, tungsten carbide or molybdenum impregnated with fusible metal silver or copper using thermodynamically equilibrium model TEC are presented. The investigation of the compressibility of such composites are related to the properties of the materials themselves and the possibility of creating samples based on them. Thermodynamic characteristics are calculated for these metals and compared with available data of shock-wave experiments. The model allows us to describe the dynamic loading of solid and porous alloys of various compositions such as Cu–W, Ag–W, Cu–WC, Ag-W. This model allows for targeted selection of material compositions of different porosity values and ratios of their components in order to obtain the specified characteristics for shock-wave loading of samples.

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46

Маевский, К. К. "Численное исследование ударно-волнового нагружения металлических композитов на базе W и WC". Журнал технической физики 91, № 5 (2021): 815. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/jtf.2021.05.50694.293-20.

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Анотація:

The results of research on modeling shock-wave loading of metal composites – elkonites, which are sintered refractory materials tungsten, tungsten carbide or molybdenum impregnated with fusible metal silver or copper using thermodynamically equilibrium model TEC are presented. The investigation of the compressibility of such composites are related to the properties of the materials themselves and the possibility of creating samples based on them. Thermodynamic characteristics are calculated for these metals and compared with available data of shock-wave experiments. The model allows us to describe the dynamic loading of solid and porous alloys of various compositions such as Cu–W, Ag–W, Cu–WC, Ag-W. This model allows for targeted selection of material compositions of different porosity values and ratios of their components in order to obtain the specified characteristics for shock-wave loading of samples.

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47

Díaz-Cedré, Eduardo, Amado Cruz-Crespo, Félix Ramos Morales, Mauricio Tello Rico, Joel Chaparro Gonzáles, Manuel Rodríguez Pérez, Juan A. Pozo Morejón, and Nancy M. Pérez Pino. "Influencia de la cantidad de O2 adicionado al CO2 en el gas de protección sobre la microestructura del metal depositado en uniones soldadas de bordes rectos en aceros de bajo contenido de carbono con el proceso GMAW." Soldagem & Inspeção 15, no. 4 (December 2010): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-92242010000400005.

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La presencia de ferrita acicular (FA) en la microestructura del cordón de soldadura, dentro de determinado rango de valores, eleva considerablemente la tenacidad de las uniones soldadas. Es por ello, que el presente trabajo trata sobre un estudio que relaciona la cantidad de ferrita acicular en el cordón en función del contenido de oxígeno presente en la mezcla activa CO2+O2, durante la realización de uniones soldadas de bordes rectos en aceros de bajo carbono con el proceso con electrodo fusible y protección gaseosa (GMAW) en condiciones invariables de parámetros de proceso (corriente de soldadura, voltaje de arco, velocidad de soldadura, longitud libre y flujo de gas protector). Como resultado del trabajo se estableció la relación gráfica existente entre la ferrita acicular y el contenido de oxígeno en la mezcla.

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48

Dukarov, S. V., S. I. Petrushenko, and V. N. Sukhov. "Supercooling during crystallization of a fusible component in Cu/(Bi–Sn) multilayer films." Materials Research Express 6, no. 1 (October 5, 2018): 016403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aae0c7.

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49

Пилюшина, Галина, Galina Pilyushina, Евгений Памфилов, Evgeniy Pamfilov, Елена Шевелева, and Elena Sheveleva. "REINFORCED COMPOSITE SLIDING BEARINGS." Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2019, no. 6 (June 27, 2019): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/article_5d10851f9915c2.59892204.

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Анотація:

The aim of the work is a design substantiation of sliding bearings with wedges made of new antifriction reinforced wood-metal materials having increased tribo-technical properties ensuring potentialities for their industrial use widening. The wear investigation of the materials offered was carried out according to the procedure providing for an abrasive impact at that besides wear-resistance the thermo-physical characteristics of samples under analysis were assessed. As a result of the investigation there was offered a structure of anti-friction materials combining in them modified wood and a metal filling agent made of different antifriction materials or special capsules filled with fusible materials and also wedges made by means of a joint coiling of a metal band or an element as tensile anti-friction springs and sized bands of veneer. The offered reinforced composite sliding bearings allow ensuring higher mechanical and tribo-technical characteristics to a considerable extent, optimizing a thermal working mode of sliding bearing wedges, increasing considerably their manufacturability and widening a sphere of industrial use by means of rational combining different wood types and metal composite constituents.

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50

Lanin, V. L., and Yu N. Grishchenko. "Sealing by soldering of microblock packages made of diamagnetic alloys using high-frequency heating." Технология и конструирование в электронной аппаратуре, no. 3 (2018): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.15222/tkea2018.3.03.

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Анотація:

The main difficulties of application of high-frequency (HF) heating for sealing by soldering of microblock packages made of aluminum alloys is the low efficiency of heating, long processing time and considerable heating of the internal electronic module while sealing. The purpose of this study was to use effectively the physical phenomena of HF heating in order to optimize the HF heating parameters of sealing by soldering using fusible solders of microwave microblock packages made of diamagnetic alloys. Effects of HF heating (superficial, proximity and concentration of power lines) of the electromagnetic field are applied to sealing using soldering of microwave microblock packages made of diamagnetic alloys. The optimized parameters of HF heating provide energy efficiency and productivity of sealing: frequency of the electromagnetic field and the inductor design. When soldering microelectronic devices containing electronic parts sensitive to the electric field component, the energy of electromagnetic field in the package should be significantly lower than the energy of elements degradation, in which case the skin layer reaches the field penetration depth which is equal to 4 package thickness values. In order to increase the HF heating efficiency, there should be a concentration of the inductor current on the package surface facing the inductor, which is done by using a ferrite magnetic core. Using a ferrite magnetic core inside the inductor concentrates tension of magnetic field due to concentration of power lines of magnetic field in 1,2-1,3 times. The optimal frequency range for HF soldering is 0,4—2,0 MHz when at electromagnetic field penetration depth into the material of the package equal to 4 thickness values of the skin layer, the field strength is 152 times weaker in comparison with the surface.

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