Статті в журналах: "Functionalism (Linguistics)"

1

Walker, Douglas C., René Dirven, Vilém Fried, Rene Dirven, and Vilem Fried. "Functionalism in Linguistics." Language 65, no. 3 (September 1989): 658. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/415245.

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2

Murashova, L. P. "FUNCTIONALISM AS A LINGUISTIC TREND." Scientific bulletin of the Southern Institute of Management 1, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31775/2305-3100-2016-3-74-79.

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The topic of the research is particularly relevant because the analysis of similarities and distinctive features of linguistic trends that have developed in different countries of the world is particularly important against the background of convergence of the various national linguistic schools. The article describes the main characteristics of functionalism as a system of scientific knowledge, characterizes the subject and methods of functional linguistics, and describes the distinctive features of functionalism.

3

Newmeyer, Frederick J. "Formalism and functionalism in linguistics." Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science 1, no. 3 (May 2010): 301–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wcs.6.

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4

Butler, Christopher S. "On functionalism and formalism." Functions of Language 13, no. 2 (November 24, 2006): 197–227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/fol.13.2.07but.

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The aim of this article is not only to reply to the points made in Newmeyer’s review of my Structure and function: A guide to three major structural-functional theories (S&F), but also to further discussion on relationships between functionalism and formalism. Functionalist claims about external motivation of the language system are discussed, and it is shown that there are very considerable differences between Chomsky’s recent discussion of external motivation and that in the functionalist and cognitivist/constructionist literature. It is pointed out that functional linguistics claims a motivational relationship between semantics and syntax rather than a purely interpretive one as in formalist theories, and that functionalists take a much wider view of what constitutes semantics. Furthermore, not only is there more direct connection between meanings and forms than Newmeyer claims, but also structural-functional theories invoke a second type of semantic motivation not involving one-to-one mapping. They also vary in the level of motivation they postulate. Recent work by Jackendoff and his colleagues is shown to present serious challenges to mainstream generativism and to make many claims which agree with those of functionalism and constructionism, so providing the possibility of interesting cross-fertilisation. Finally, it is pointed out that S&F agrees with Newmeyer that Functional Grammar and Role and Reference Grammar fail to attain fully their professed standards of adequacy.

5

Verleyen, Stijn. "L’abandon progressif du fonctionnalisme dans les travaux de William Labov." Historiographia Linguistica 33, no. 3 (December 31, 2006): 335–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.33.3.04ver.

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Summary This paper traces the gradual abandonment of a functionalist perspective in labovian sociolinguistics. In an introductory point, the influence of French functionalism on William Labov, via Uriel Weinreich, is discussed. In the central part of the paper, Labov’s changing attitude towards functionalism is analysed, by distinguishing between different meanings of ‘functionalism’ and ‘functional’. It is shown how Labov gradually rejects the functionalist inspiration that was important in the beginning of his career. The reasons for this change in perspective, and its consequences, are examined. It is concluded that the rejection of the functionalist hypothesis does not affect the core of Labov’s work, which focuses on the correlation of social and linguistic structures. However, it leads to a very different conception of the nature of language variation and change.

6

Nekvapil, Jiří. "Functionalism in linguistics (linguistic and literary studies in Eastern Europe, vol. 20)." Journal of Pragmatics 14, no. 2 (April 1990): 350–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-2166(90)90091-q.

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7

Tomlin, Russell S. "Functionalism in Second Language Acquisition." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 12, no. 2 (June 1990): 155–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263100009062.

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This article examines the role played by functional approaches to linguistics in understanding second language acquisition (SLA). Central premises and tenets of functional approaches are described, and several key theoretical problems with functional efforts are detailed. The problem of referential management (the selection of nominal vs. pronominal NPs) in second language discourse production is examined. The general conclusions are drawn that (a) functional approaches to linguistics have a significant role to play in SLA studies, but (b) functional universals are insufficiently grounded theoretically and empirically at this point to contribute more than heuristic guidance to SLA theory.

8

Downing, Pamela, T. Givón, and T. Givon. "Functionalism and Grammar." Language 73, no. 2 (June 1997): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/416034.

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9

Golumbia, David. "Minimalism is functionalism." Language Sciences 32, no. 1 (January 2010): 28–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.langsci.2008.07.001.

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10

Richie, Russell. "Functionalism in the lexicon." New Questions for the Next Decade 11, no. 3 (December 16, 2016): 429–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ml.11.3.05ric.

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Why do languages have the words they have, and not some other set of words? While certainly there is some arbitrariness in the lexicon (English ‘frog’ vs. Spanish ‘rana’), there is just as surely some systematicity or functionality in it as well. What exactly might the nature of this systematicity or functionality be? For example, might the lexicon be efficiently adapted for communication, learning, memory storage, retrieval, or other cognitive functions? This paper critically reviews evidence that natural language lexicons efficiently carve up semantic fields (e.g., color, space, kinship) and have phonological forms that are similarly efficient when the aggregate lexicon is considered. The paper also suggests additional ways functionalism in lexicons might be assessed, and speculates on how functional lexicons may have arisen.

11

CARNIE, ANDREW, and NORMA MENDOZA-DENTON. "Functionalism is/n't formalism: an interactive review of Darnell et al. (1999) Michael Darnell, Edith Moravcsik, Frederick J. Newmeyer, Michael Noonan & Kathleen M. Wheatley (eds.), Functionalism and formalism in linguistics, vol. I: General papers & vol. II: Case studies (Studies in Language Companion Series 41 & 42). Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1999. Pp. iv+514 (vol. I) & pp. iv+407 (vol. II)." Journal of Linguistics 39, no. 2 (July 2003): 373–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226703002044.

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SETTING: The University of Arizona's idyllic desert campus. As in many colleges across the United States, ‘formalist’ linguistics is implicitly understood to be at cross-purposes with ‘functionalist’ linguistics. The Linguistics Department's only course on non-minimalist syntax is famously nicknamed ‘Bad Guys’. Although the linguistics department forms a unified front, malcontent quietly simmers across campus as functionalist sociolinguists, discourse analysts, grammaticalization specialists and linguistic anthropologists outnumber formalists, though they roam within their own language-department fiefdoms. Politeness and cooperation reign among senior faculty linguists, who have realized that antagonism only hurts students and programs in all the language sciences. The junior faculty are more brash: they work hard, publish a lot, and speak loudly to get tenure as respected form/functionalists. They socialize together and joke about each other's positions, but don't talk very much serious shoptalk. Until now …

12

McCullagh, Mark. "Functionalism and Self-Consciousness." Mind and Language 15, no. 5 (November 2000): 481–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0017.00146.

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13

Buzalskaia, Elena, Irina Voznesenskaya, and Elena Zinovieva. "Student research papers on Russian as foreign language at St. Petersburg State University: topics, current issues and trends." Professor’s Journal. Series: Russian and Literature: studying and teaching 4(8) (January 12, 2022): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/2687-0339-2021-4-15-25.

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The article presents the results of monitoring the topics of scientific research on linguistics of Russian and foreign bachelors and masters of St. Petersburg State University over the past five years. Analyzing the obtained data, the authors came to the conclusion that the main trends of the works are methodological integrativity (interrelation with different levels in Linguistics and other sciences in Art and Humanities), cognitivediscursive orientation, and the compliance with modern vectors of linguistic research such as anthropocentrism and functionalism.

14

Martín de León, Celia. "Skopos and beyond." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 20, no. 1 (May 26, 2008): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.20.1.02mar.

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This paper deals with the main results of a systematic investigation (Martín 2005), supported by concordance analysis, of the metaphorical expressions found in Reiß-Vermeer (1984) and Holz-Mänttäri (1984), two works that in the 1980s established the theoretical foundations of German functionalism. Based on the cognitive theory of metaphor (Lakoff and Johnson 1980, 1999; Lakoff 1987; Johnson 1987; Lakoff 1993), the analysis led to the identification of two conceptual metaphors that played a crucial role in the articulation of German functionalism: the TRANSFER metaphor and the TARGET metaphor. The paper focuses on the main implications of the use of these metaphors and on the contradictions they create. A broadening of the functionalist theoretical framework is then proposed with the goal of overcoming these contradictions.

15

Pierrehumbert, Janet. "Joan Bybee (2001). Phonology and language use. (Cambridge Studies in Linguistics 94.) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Pp. xviii+238." Phonology 19, no. 3 (December 2002): 459–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675703214445.

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The functionalist viewpoint in linguistics can take different forms. A caricature of functionalist thinking is the notion that the structure of language is optimised, or nearly so, for its function as a means of human communication. This notion has met with widespread scepticism because of its lack of predictiveness in the face of typological variation. Either it leads to the prediction that all languages are en route to some single ‘Utopian’ (even if they have not quite achieved it) or it leads one to posit so many contradictory functional goods that the nature of possible languages is not effectively restricted. A second, and far more sophisticated, understanding of functionalism is the claim that there are regular relations between the way language is represented in the mind and the way that it is processed during speech production and perception. These relations arise because language is acquired from experiences of use, and because even in adults patterns of use affect cognitive representations. The effects of individual instances of language use are local, incremental and context-dependent. Language use and competence in a language are thus two aspects of a single system. Multiple system configurations are possible for the same reason that multiple ecosystems are possible; like the products of biological evolution, human languages are merely good enough, and not globally or absolutely optimised. This understanding of linguistic functionalism has proved fruitful for at least two decades and is now coming into its own. Its rise constitutes part of the rise of scientific research on complex systems and emergent structures generally, in areas ranging from geophysics and granular media to population biology.

16

Rudyakov, A. N. "Linguistic Functionalism as a Basis for the Formation of Reading Literacy." Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki 162, no. 5 (2020): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/2541-7738.2020.5.89-100.

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The theoretical and applied aspects of linguistics associated with the use of the functional approach were studied. The analysis of the interrelated problems of the formation and development of functional literacy, reading literacy, as well as perception and understanding of the text was carried out taking into account the principles of studying and describing linguistic phenomena outlined in the earlier own publications. The text was described as a major object of Russian philology at the present stage and as an instrument of social interaction, which is structurally determined by its function. The obtained results confirm the relevance of the problem of studying the patterns of perception and understanding the text as an integral object rather than a source of linguistic units of different tiers. The functional definition of the text was introduced, thereby making it possible to supplement the educational practice with a methodology of work that takes into account the need to develop students’ skills and abilities associated with the conscious and systematic extraction of information from texts of various kinds and the use of this information in their activities.

17

Votre, Sebastião Josué, and Mariangela Rios de Oliveira. "Givón, T. (1995) Functionalism and Grammar." DELTA: Documentação de Estudos em Lingüística Teórica e Aplicada 13, no. 2 (August 1997): 331–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-44501997000200008.

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18

Hutchins, Sharon S. "What Sound Symbolism, Functionalism, and Cognitive Linguistics Can Offer One Another." Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society 23, no. 1 (September 17, 1997): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/bls.v23i1.1295.

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19

Alsubaiai, Hanan Sarhan. "The Correlation between Old and New Linguistic Paradigms: A Literature Review Based on Kuhn’s School of Thoughts." English Language Teaching 14, no. 10 (September 26, 2021): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v14n10p84.

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This study aims to assess the evidence regarding the relationship between previous and new schools of linguistics. According to Kuhn (1970), old linguistic paradigms incorporate vocabulary and apparatus from previous or traditional paradigms. In particular, this review addresses the Question: Do new paradigms in linguistic arise from old or previous ones, as Kuhn suggested? The study is significant in understanding emerging schools of linguistics based on previous ones. A qualitative literature review was applied to compare new and old schools of linguistics. According to the findings, there is substantial evidence that functionalism, structuralism, and Transformational-Generative Grammar support Kuhn's argument. Most notably, the changes of the transformational-generative grammar from a consistent and straightforward Standard Theory to an improved Extended Standard Theory, and finally, to the Minimalist Program, point towards the same conclusion. Interestingly, the transformations demonstrate how new paradigms arise from old paradigms without borrowing many concepts, terms, and experiments from them. This study draws the attention of linguists in the 21st Century to pay closer attention to the trends in schools of linguistics. 

20

Nord, Christiane. "Quo vadis, functional translatology?" Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 24, no. 1 (September 7, 2012): 26–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.24.1.03nor.

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Functional approaches to translation and Skopostheorie, on which many of them are based, have been around for more than thirty years now. Perhaps, therefore, it is time to take stock, trying to trace the development and spread of functionalist ideas and drawing some cautious conclusions as to where the future may lie. As a representative of the “second generation” and drawing on recent publications in journals and monographs on Translation Studies, I provide an overview of where young translation scholars who claim to take a “functionalist” viewpoint find themselves, what they are investigating, and which topics they consider worthy of research. Offering this insider view, I do not pretend, however, to present an objective picture of the functionalist approach nor to exhaustively cover the whole field of functionalism in translation and adjacent fields.

21

Kosmeda, Tetiana. "Лингвистическая философия Ежи Калишана и его вклад в развитие польской русистики (на материале монографических исследований ученого)". Studia Rossica Posnaniensia, № 43 (26 листопада 2018): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/strp.2018.43.9.

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The article sets out to analyze Jerzy Kaliszan’s linguistic philosophy focused on the field of word-formation and based on the triple unity of philosophy of the language (semantics, syntax and pragmatics), systemic character and functionalism. Intertextuality of the academic speech of the scholar is influenced by classical Slavonic linguistic conceptions, leading representatives of linguistics of the second part of the 20th century, as well as key theoretical investigations of the late 20th — early 21 centuries. The idiolect of the scholar is marked with brevity, laconism, condensed content, wellstructured text, depth and expressiveness, persuasive argumentation, breadth of the material used, refined stylistics, scholarly courage, topicality of the problems discussed, prognostic insights.

22

Nuyts, Jan. "What Formalists Seem not to Understand About Functionalism." Functional Explanations in Linguistics 1 (January 1, 1986): 223–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bjl.1.09nuy.

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23

Sornicola, Rosanna. "On the history of European functionalism." La linguistique 50, no. 2 (2014): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ling.502.0007.

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24

Łozowski, Przemysław. "„Po terminologii poznacie ich…”: w poszukiwaniu differentia specifica współczesnego językoznawstwa." Biuletyn Polskiego Towarzystwa Językoznawczego LXXVI, no. 76 (December 31, 2020): 121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.6684.

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Artykuł stanowi próbę zidentyfikowania pojęcia oraz towarzyszącej mu terminologii, jakie mogłyby służyć za differentia specifica polaryzacji współczesnej sceny językoznawczej. Po krytycznej ocenie terminów system, symbol, funkcjonalizm, konwencjonalizm wskazuje się na terminologię wyrażającą pojęcie ‘kontinuum/ciągłość’ jako potencjalną cechę odróżniającą językoznawstwo strukturalne/generatywne od językoznawstwa funkcjonalnego/kognitywnego. Następnie dokonuje się przeglądu obecności/nieobecności tej terminologii w 11 najnowszych (2015–2019) zeszytach trzech wybranych polskich czasopism językoznawczych. “By their terminology you shall know them...”: in search of the differentia specifica of modern linguistics. Summary: In the article, an attempt is made to identify the notion and its corresponding terminology that could serve the purposes of the differentia specifica of the ongoing polarisation of modern linguistics. As the terms system, symbol, functionalism, and conventionalism are found inadequate, it is the notion ‘continuum’, and its terminology, that is claimed to possibly tell apart the two ends (structural/generative and functional/ cognitive, respectively) of the linguistic cline. What follows is a report on whether or not, and to what extent, the ‘continuum’ terminology features in the latest 11 issues (2015–2019) of the three selected Polish journals of general linguistics. Keywords: terminology, continuum, continuity, structural linguistics vs. cognitive linguistics

25

Jaszczolt, Kasia M. "Pragmatics and philosophy: In search of a paradigm." Intercultural Pragmatics 15, no. 2 (April 25, 2018): 131–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ip-2018-0002.

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Abstract There is no doubt that pragmatic theory and philosophy of language are mutually relevant and intrinsically connected. The main question I address in this paper is how exactly they are interconnected in terms of (i) their respective objectives, (ii) explanans – explanandum relation, (iii) methods of enquiry, and (iv) drawing on associated disciplines. In the introductory part I attempt to bring some order into the diversity of use of such labels as philosophical logic, philosophical semantics, philosophical pragmatics, linguistic philosophy, or philosophy of linguistics, among others. In the following sections I focus on philosophical pragmatics as a branch of philosophy of language (pragmaticsPPL) and the trends and theories it gave rise to, discussing them against the background of methodology of science and in particular paradigms and paradigm shifts as identified in natural science. In the main part of the paper I address the following questions: How is pragmaticsPPL to be delimited?How do pragmatic solutions to questions about meaning fare vis-à-vis syntactic solutions? Is there a pattern emerging?and, relatedly,What are the future prospects for pragmaticsPPL in theories of natural language meaning? I conclude with a discussion of the relation between pragmaticsPPL and functionalism, observing that contextualism has to play a central role in functionalist pragmatics at the expense of minimalism and sententialism.

26

Dor, Daniel. "Review of Givón (1995): Functionalism and Grammar." Pragmatics and Cognition 4, no. 2 (January 1, 1996): 428–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pc.4.2.16dor.

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27

Burrowes, Carl Patrick. "From Functionalism to Cultural Studies: Manifest Ruptures and Latent Continuities." Communication Theory 6, no. 1 (February 1996): 88–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.1996.tb00121.x.

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28

Curnow, Timothy Jowan. "Review of Darnell, Moravcsik, Newmeyer, Noonan & Wheatley (1999): Functionalism and formalism in linguistics." Studies in Language 26, no. 2 (September 13, 2002): 505–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.26.2.15cur.

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29

Shevchenko, Larysa. "Ukrainian research perspective in the context of stylistic discussions of the XVI International congress of slavists." Actual issues of Ukrainian linguistics: theory and practice, no. 37 (2018): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/apultp.2018.37.7-19.

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The article analyzes "state and status" of functional stylistics in Ukraine in the beginning of the 21st century in the categories and concepts of modern linguistics. The research context of the analysis is determined by comparison with the stylistic issues of the XVI International Congress of Slavists, held on August 20-27, 2018 in Belgrade (Serbia). Issues of synchronization of scientific consciousness with time of culture, its chronological sections, configurations of development, evolution of cultural consciousness, changes of cultural verbalized patterns and reasons for emergence of new ideas and non-standard intellectual reflection in the scientific knowledge of linguistic consciousness are being actualized. It is stated that the triad "human - science - time of culture" is dominant in linguistics, defining at the same time the peculiarities of the information age: the synthesis of humanistic tradition and new, paradoxical scientific ideas is quite representative for world linguistics, which is clearly represented in Ukrainian stylistics. The author unfolds the thesis about the formation of scientific consciousness as an existential search for the spiritual affinity of researchers. Thus, in the development of functional stylistics, one can observe continuity from F. de Saussure to the linguists of the XXI century, where the Geneva, Baden or Prague schools ideologically formed various national scientific discourses. The problematic aspects in the development of modern stylistics with their projection into Ukrainian linguistics are considered: the systematic nature of operational stylistic terminology, the diffusion of the objectivity of various areas of linguistics, in particular, functional stylistics, communicative linguistics and genomics, logics of formation of neolinguistics as a subject area that relies on synthesis of linguistic functionalism and other branches of human sciences, etc. The criteria of the Ukrainian research perspective in modern stylistics are formulated.

30

Gordon, W. Terrence. "Bridging Saussurean structuralism and British linguistic thought." Historiographia Linguistica 21, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1994): 123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.21.1-2.07gor.

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Summary British linguistic thought in the first half of the 20th century reacted against the Saussurean oppositions signifiant/signifié, langue/parole, and signification/valeur. Ogden & Richards (1923) reject them on epistemological, orthological, and terminological grounds. For Bronislaw Malinowski meaning in a pre-literate language cannot be described by the dyadic sign. Alan H. Gardiner too rejects this concept of the sign, but he modifies langue/parole and synchronie/diachronie to make them complementary. J. R. Firth rejects most of the Saussurean canon, but the starting point of his own line of analysis proves to be indistinguishable from the same brand of functionalism. The connection between the British linguistic tradition and Saussure therefore displays a full range of positions from incompatibility to unwilling and unwitting compatibility.

31

Lappalainen, Tomas. "Cultural Functionalism: The Function of the Press in Economic Power Relations." European Journal of Communication 3, no. 4 (December 1988): 375–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267323188003004002.

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32

Boruszewski, Jarosław. "Investigations of an anti-semiote: Stanisław Lem’s semiotic ideas in light of semiotic functionalism of Jerzy Pelc." Semiotica 2021, no. 240 (March 5, 2021): 41–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sem-2021-0015.

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Abstract At the turn of 1960s and 1970s, Stanisław Lem devoted some of his non-fiction writing to a discussion and considerations of semiotics. Most of them were expressions of a critical approach mainly directed against structuralism. However, Lem also formulated some positive statements although they were not developed systematically. The article offers an analysis of Lem’s semiotic ideas from the perspective of semiotic functionalism of Jerzy Pelc, mainly considering its two main components: contextualism and typological approach. Special attention is paid to the latter because both Pelc and Lem proposed some original solutions in this respect. What is meant here is the multidimensional typology of symbolic uses of signs developed by Pelc and Lem’s multidimensional typology of the situations of the reception of texts. Although they are independent form each other, these proposals show some convergence both in their ways of construction and roles they are supposed to perform. Henceforth, one can say that Lem was a crypto-functionalist.

33

Tyler, Andrea. "Usage-Based Approaches to Language and Their Applications to Second Language Learning." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 30 (March 2010): 270–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190510000140.

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Over the past 20 years, many in the field of second language learning and pedagogy have become familiar with models of language that emphasize its communicative nature. These models are often referred to as usage-based because they emphasize the notion that actual language use is a primary shaper of linguistic form. Supporters of these models also argue that making meaning, that is, the use to which language is put, is central to how language is configured. Usage-based models share several other underlying assumptions as well. While these usage models have a number of ideas in common, several distinct approaches have emerged. They often use similar terms, such as cognition and metaphor, but the precise interpretations can vary from model to model. The overall result is that without extensive reading, it is not always clear just how these models differ and what unique insights each offer. This article attempts to address this situation by examining three major usage-based models—systemic functional linguistics, discourse functionalism, and cognitive linguistics. First, the common, underlying tenets shared by the three models are discussed. Second, an overview of the unique tenets and concerns of each approach is presented in order to distinguish key differences among them. Within the discussion of each approach, I also discuss various attempts to apply the model to issues in second language learning.

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Schryer, Stephen. "Fantasies of the New Class: The New Criticism, Harvard Sociology, and the Idea of the University." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 122, no. 3 (May 2007): 663–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2007.122.3.663.

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This essay examines the professionalization of United States literary studies and sociology between the 1930s and 1950s under the aegis of John Crowe Ransom's New Criticism and Talcott Parsons's structural functionalism. These paradigms pulled the disciplines to opposite poles of the professional class: Ransom argued for a less sociological literary criticism, while Parsons distanced sociology from the literary tendencies of the Chicago school. However, both implemented similar professional ideologies that synthesized their disciplines' technical and moral claims, and both paradigms involved fantasies that specialized, disciplinary work within the academy can have a broader, moral significance. These ideas remained fantasies, which contradicted the actual effects of the New Criticism and structural functionalism; professionalism became reflexively oriented toward disciplinary self-perpetuation, isolating literature and sociology from the public they were supposed to reform. Ransom and Parsons thus exemplify the disintegration of publicly responsible professionalism—an event with broad implications for the “new class” of postwar knowledge workers.

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Syzonov, Dmytro. "Evaluation as category of modern phraseology." Actual issues of Ukrainian linguistics: theory and practice, no. 37 (2018): 39–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/apultp.2018.37.39-53.

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The article analyzes the category of evaluation as dominant characteristics of modern phraseology. A wide range of scientific views on evaluation within the framework of new linguistic directions (media linguistics, legal linguistics, suggestive linguistics, political linguistics, psycholinguistics etc.) is considered. The immanence of evaluation in modern linguistics has become particularly relevant in the theory of functionalism, where the evaluation of a phraseologism is judged as not an optional feature, but one which underlies its semantics. The evaluation, accordingly, is considered with respect to the initial emotional-expressive connotation of a phraseologism. It is proved that value parameters of phraseology are laid down in its communicative essence, as any phraseologism a priori carries some sort of evaluation. If we regard evaluation as an oppositional set of value orientations (good/evil, beautiful/ugly, interesting/uninteresting, many/few, etc.), we can define a phraseologism as a verbalized form of such oppositions in the communication process. Logically, when creating new phraseologisms (e.g. in mass communication) it is the category of evaluation that determines the vector of functioning of phraseology. Hence, media phraseology is a mirror image of sentiments and value beliefs of a certain society and is relevant in the time frame (which is an extralinguistic characteristics of a media phraseologism and a basis for its further functioning and mass reproduction). We have proven that phraseological evaluation is influenced by extralinguistic factors such as politics, culture, information technologies, etc. The emergence of a new phraseology is the result of evaluative reconsideration of traditional linguistic forms of certain industries – sports, arts, medicine, education, etc. Consequently, evaluation is a universal category of a phraseologism, considering the fact of formation of society’s values through language phenomena. The axiology of each phraseologism is determined in social parameters, where media remains the main tool for the retransmission of society’s value orientations through the means of language, the main of which are phraseologisms.

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Schwartz, Linda. "René Dirven and Vilém Fried (eds.), Functionalism in linguistics (Linguistics & Literary Studies in Eastern Europe 20). Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 1987. Pp. xvii + 489." Language in Society 19, no. 4 (December 1990): 572–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500014895.

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Buzelo, Anna S. "The problem of inner valence morphemes: the experience of multiparadigm research." Neophilology, no. 17 (2019): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-6953-2019-5-17-14-20.

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It is proved that the imperative of modern linguistic science is a multiparadigmatic approach in the study of existing facts of language and speech, which is manifested in the priority of three basic principles: explanatoriness, anthropocentrism and functionalism. During this study we found that the complexity of approaches in research provides objectivity and completeness of knowledge about the phenomena under study and allows to solve urgent problems. In this regard, we made an attempt to show the ways of studying the problem of inner valence of morphemes in various areas of modern linguistics (on the material of newspaper discourse neologisms). Attention is paid to the solution of the problem of valence in the direction of sociolinguistics, which allows to establish the non-linguistic causes of the emergence of new words and explore through the neologisms the space of the language functioning outside its autochthonous territory. We analyze body of neolexical item in author card index records and its wordbuilding processes in the discourse activity of Russian-speaking mass media of Kazakhstan, allows us to conclude that extra-linguistic factors causing the birth of new categories include the politicization of society, the adoption of western economic system, the rapid technical development.

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Cameron, Richard. "A community-based test of a linguistic hypothesis." Language in Society 25, no. 1 (March 1996): 61–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500020431.

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ABSTRACTThe Functional Compensation Hypothesis (Hochberg 1986a, b) interprets frequent expression of pronominal subjects as compensation for frequent deletion of agreement marking on finite verbs in Puerto Rican Spanish (PRS). Specifically, this applies to 2sg.túwhere variably deleted word-final -smarks agreement. If the hypothesis is correct, finite verbs with agreement deleted in speech should co-occur more frequently with pronominal subjects than finite verbs with agreement intact. Likewise, social dialects which frequently delete agreement should show higher rates of pronominal expression than social dialects which less frequently delete agreement. These auxiliary hypotheses are tested across a socially stratified sample of 62 speakers from San Juan. Functional compensation does show stylistic and social patterning in the category of Specifictú, not in that of Non-specifictú. However, Non-specifictúis the key to frequency differences between -s-deleting PRS and -s-conserving Madrid; hence the Functional Compensation Hypothesis should be discarded. (Functionalism, compensation, null subject, analogy, Spanish, Puerto Rico)

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Moravcsik, Edith A. "FUNCTIONALISM IN LINGUISTICS. Rene Dirven and Vilém Fried (Eds.). Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company. 1987. Pp. xvii+489. $98.00." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 11, no. 4 (December 1989): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263100008640.

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Rudnicka-Bogusz, Marta. "From Dysfunction to Functionalism: The Evolution of Military Construction in the Interwar Period Poland." Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports 32, no. 4 (December 1, 2022): 210–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ceer-2022-0053.

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Abstract The purpose of the article is the general characteristics of military residential architecture built in the 1920s and 1930s in the 2nd Polish Republic. In the newly restored Poland the most pressing problem was the improvement of the housing conditions of the population. The military, who contributed the most to the reinstating of independence held special privilege with the state officials. Therefore, the problem of their quartering was resolved with utmost preference. After an unsuccessful period of trial and error with traditional and light timber frame construction the government addressed this problem systemically establishing the Military Accommodations Fund with a dedicated budget for creating typified, repeatable solutions. The MAF commissioned specific designers, held open as well as limited competitions and hired a cadre of architects and engineers to come up with designs that could rapidly and cost effectively replenish the housing base with functional, hygienic solutions. Because the MAF was well funded, the most prominent polish modernist architects readily cooperated with the organization making Polish interwar architectura militaris an engine of modernization.

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NAKAMURA, WATARU. "Formalizing Functionalism: A Schematization-Based Linking Theory (R. D. Van Valin et al., Syntax: Structure, Meaning and Function)." ENGLISH LINGUISTICS 17, no. 2 (2000): 538–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.9793/elsj1984.17.538.

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Josefsson, Gunlög. "The Meaning of Lexical Classes." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 24, no. 2 (December 2001): 218–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/033258601753358614.

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Following the spirit of Relativized Extreme Functionalism, I argue that a set of grammatical features, traditionally thought of as devoid of semantics, lexical class (declension and conjugation), in fact has semantic content. Taking Josefsson (1995. 1997. 1998) as a point of departure, I suggest that the lexical class determines the word class of a word, hence relating the word to a major ontological category such as THING and EVENT. A certain lexical class may correspond to a semantic subclass of a major ontological category, but this does not need to be the case. The approach taken explains certain morphological phenomena in Swedish, such as stem vowels, and explains why the non-head part of a compound is undetermined for major ontological category.

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Ashurova, Dilyaram Umarovna. "Interdisciplinary approach to language." Nizhnevartovsk Philological Bulletin 6, no. 2 (December 4, 2021): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.36906/2500-1795/21-2/11.

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The article deals with the phenomenon of interdisciplinarity regarded as one of the main methodological principles of modern linguistics. Under discussion are the problems of the anthropocentric paradigm which at present takes a dominant place among other scientific paradigms. The relationships between interdisciplinarity and other methodological principles such as anthropocentrism, functionalism and explanatorism have been analyzed. The levels of interdisciplinarity as polydisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity have been highlighted. The assumption that some notions, such as discourse, concept, linguocultureme, foregrounding are interdisciplinary by nature, and can not be discussed within the framework of one discipline, is put forward. From the position of interdisciplinarity the scientific status of such disciplines as stylistics and cognitive linguistics has been discussed. One of the conclusions is that the interdisciplinary synthesis of Stylistics is determined by its internal links with all the language aspects (phonological stylistics, stylistic grammar, lexical stylistics, stylistic phraseology, stylistics of word-formation), and external correlations of Stylistics with the disciplines of the anthropocentric paradigm. As for the interdisciplinary status of Cognitive Linguistics, it is characterized by two tendencies: 1) correlations with both humanitarian sciences (Philosophy of language, Sociolinguistics, Linguoculturology), natural sciences (Psycholinguistics, Neurolinguistics), exact and technical sciences (Mathematical Linguistics, Computer Linguistics); 2) interpenetration of many notions and methods of analysis of Cognitive Linguistics and other sciences. The main conclusions of the research are the assumptions about: a) interdisciplinarity as a basic methodological principle of modern linguistics; b) a variety of forms, types and levels of interdisciplinarity; c) the interdisciplinary status of all the anthropocentric trends of modern linguistics; d) the peculiar features of interdisciplinarity in Stylistics and Cognitive Linguistics; e) the necessity of an interdisciplinary approach to the analysis of many notions of modern linguistics.

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Belaj, Branimir. "Metonymy and Croatian adverbial clauses." Jezikoslovlje 22, no. 2 (December 20, 2021): 295–338. http://dx.doi.org/10.29162/jez.2021.9.

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In this article I examine some metonymic aspects of the semantics of Croatian connectives introducing adverbial clauses of cause, condition, purpose, and concession. The analysis leans on the theory of conceptual metaphor and metonymy and, to a lesser extent, on cognitive grammar. It is also informed by grammaticalization scholarship within typological functionalism. I explore metonymic mappings between the categories of time and cause, manner and cause, cause and condition, purpose, cause and concession, condition and concession, time and condition, and metonymic mappings operating at the level of speech acts. The goal is to contribute to the growing, though still arguably small, body of cognitive linguistic research into the relevance of metonymy for the semantics of complex sentences, specifically the role it plays in subordination, and to expand this analysis to subordinate constructions in Croatian. Some attention is given to grammaticalization studies, where metaphor and metonymy are seen as two types of pragmatic inferencing facilitating interactions between the mentioned semantic categories in complex sentences.

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Cidrás Escáneo, Francisco A. "On the concept of syntactic function in a functional grammar." Functions of Language 19, no. 2 (October 2, 2012): 147–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/fol.19.2.01cid.

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The study takes a critical look at the status of syntactic functions within a multi-level view of grammatical relations. Re-examining the widespread approach to the traditional notion of ‘syntactic function’ that treats it as fitting into a system of syntactic, semantic and pragmatic functions, the syntactic functions are seen to be cognitively invisible vis-à-vis the other two, and this is assumed to be more than an irrelevant accident. After a brief review of theoretical treatments of syntactic functions within functionalism, the conclusion is reached that, contrary to what is commonly assumed, e.g. in FG or SFG, unlike functions on the other two levels, syntactic functions per se contribute nothing to sentence meaning, and thus should no longer be considered functions. Instead, this study treats them as syntactic figures, i.e. instrumental, multi-purpose, formal devices whose job it is to give optimal expression to functional content which may be of just two types: either semantic or pragmatic.

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Macnamara, Jim. "The global shadow of functionalism and Excellence Theory: An analysis of Australasian PR." Public Relations Inquiry 1, no. 3 (September 2012): 367–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2046147x12448581.

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NEWMEYER, FREDERICK J. "The Prague School and North American functionalist approaches to syntax." Journal of Linguistics 37, no. 1 (March 2001): 101–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226701008593.

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Modern functionalist approaches to syntax were pioneered in the 1920s by the scholars associated with the Linguistic Circle of Prague and Prague-based functionalism is a dynamic force today. Nevertheless, citations of this work by North American functionalists are few and far between. This paper sets out to explain that state of affairs. It pinpoints the profound theoretical differences between mainstream North American and Czech approaches that have led to partisans of the former losing interest in the latter. The paper argues that, on the other hand, Praguian functional syntax has a great deal in common with more ‘formal’ functionalist approaches and with much work in formal semantics. Not surprisingly, then, recent years have seen increasing productive collaboration between North American and Western European practitioners of these approaches and members of the Prague School.

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Zobenica, Nikolina. "Textäquivalenz in der serbischen Übersetzung von Georg Trakls Spätlyrik." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 65, no. 4 (August 30, 2019): 501–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.00104.zob.

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Abstract According to functional theories, the translation process is a specific and receiver-dependent action, the Skopos of which, however, does not always have to correspond to that of the source text. According to functionalism, the communicative function of a text can be different in the target culture, and the translation should be adapted accordingly to the new Skopos. In translating, the focus is no longer on equivalence but on the adequacy of the translation, although in the best case equivalence or consistency of function should be sought. Since this is rarely entirely feasible, the translators themselves should decide in the course of the translation process which text dimension they would give priority to: semantic (content), syntactic (form) or pragmatic (meaning). A text grammatical and text semantic analysis of the coherence and isotope in the translation of Georg Trakl’s poems into Serbian aims to determine which dimension the translator Branimir Živojinović preferred. The study has shown that he almost completely achieves text equivalence, with few deviations in favour of form, which, however, do not disturb the coherence of the selected corpus.

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Karp, Marta. "GRAMMATICAL MEANS OF CONTAMINATED COHESION IN ENGLISH MULTIMODAL LITERARY FAIRY TALES: DYNAMICS OF PRAGMATIC PROPERTIES." Studia Linguistica, no. 17 (2020): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/studling2020.17.75-84.

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The relevance of the study is due to the need for comprehensive disclosure of grammatical means of cohesion in the organization of English multimodal literary fairy tales from the standpoint of the functional paradigm of modern linguistic studies and taking into account the achievements of semiotics, narratology, text linguistics, discourse stylistics. The object of research concerns the contaminated cohesion of the English multimodal fictional text of the literary fairy tales written by Philip Ardagh. The subject of the research deals with the grammatical means of cohesion in the multimodal organization of modern English literary fairy tales by Philip Ardagh. The aim of the study is to identify and characterize the structural, semiotic and narrative aspects of the category of cohesion of English multimodal literary fairy tales that determine its text-forming nature. Stated aim implies the need to solve the following tasks: to develop semiotic and narrative approach to the analysis of grammatical means of cohesion in English multimodal literary fairy tales by Philip Ardagh; to analyze the verbal and nonverbal interaction of the components of contaminated cohesion in the structure of the analyzed literary fairy tales; to establish the dominant structural, semiotic and narrative features of the creation of contaminated cohesion in literary fairy tales. The scientific novelty of the obtained results is determined by the fact that for the first time a comprehensive analysis of the text-forming category of cohesion in a modern English multimodal literary fairy tale based on the methodological paradigm of functionalism, which covers structural, semiotic and narrative aspects has been carried out.

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Reynolds, Jennifer F. "Enregistering the voices of discursive figures of authority in Antonero children’s socio-dramatic play." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 20, no. 4 (December 1, 2010): 467–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.20.4.01rey.

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This study examines how boys from San Antonio Aguas Calientes, Guatemala develop their own perspective about what it means to be moral human beings in the world via discursive practices that contrast enregistered voices within an emergent performance genre that simultaneously doubles as socio-dramatic play-frame. This emergent genre exhibits both mimesis and alterity; children have appropriated a popular adult genre, within which their participation, originally, was highly circumscribed. In their own productions, however, they occupy the main character roles and enact re-accented “voices” of king and kin in highly competitive, proselytizing discourse. The resulting performance is a subversion of the social order where ‘the challenge’ of good defeating evil is undone, reflecting a child-centric critical stance. To wit, the boys refuse to be convinced by the authority of an overly patriarchal-colonial moral order. I build upon Sawyers’ (1995) model of play-as-improvisation to develop a synthetic framework in analyzing indigenous children’s play and childhood(s). The approach I espouse draws upon ethnographically informed studies of peer talk-in-interaction, verbal art as performance, and semiotic functionalism to examine how children “do heteroglossia” in and out-of-play frames of interaction as they construct selves capable of confronting the social order.

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