Дисертації з теми "Functional textile"
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ATAPHOL, SUJIRAPINYOKUL. "Texniture, a freestanding functional textile object." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Textilhögskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20310.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this thesis is to explore the possibilities to create freestanding functional textile object that involves thepotential of traditional textile technique for creating three-dimensional textile structures. These three-dimensional textilestructures are used to generate the style of freestanding functional textile object and to create a product for the public room.The subculture and techniques involved in Thai textile techniques are the inspirations throughout this project. Forexample, sitting on the floor is prominent in this subculture and is, therefore; an initiation of the furniture development in thisproject. Meanwhile, Scandinavian design also influences the aesthetic and finds out the simple solution with its simplicityand functionalism. Nature is also a powerful source of inspiration in creating these three-dimensional knitted textiles.These factors influence the method used to explore techniques, colours and style. Moreover, sociology is considered to guidethe design process and to determine the style of freestanding textile object, for instance; the relationships among people.“Texniture” is a name given to the freestanding functional textile object and is a kind of the furniture created in this project. The resultshows how three-dimensional textiles can be manipulated in space, and aims to give audiences a new understanding of textiles.Texniture 1Program: Konstnärligt masterprogram i mode- och textildesign
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Mittal, Khushboo Surender. "Development of Dual Functional Textile Materials Using Atmospheric Plasma Treatments." NCSU, 2009. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04092009-231813/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Glow discharges and low temperature plasmas and their applications have increasingly entered various areas of industrial applications. The textile industry is a developing area for application of atmospheric plasma techniques with significant growth potential. Technological advances made possible by plasma processes can reduce the costs for production by reduction in process times, improve the quality of product, generate products with new surface or bulk properties, and contribute to an environmentally sustainable work environment. A novel dual functional textile material was developed which possesses co-existing hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity on opposite faces utilizing atmospheric pressure plasma. One side of the substrate repels water whereas the other side absorbs water. The sequence and chemistry of the plasma aided side specific treatment of poly (ethylene terephthalate)/ polyurethane blend knitted fabric and cellulose with fluorocompound namely 1, 1, 2, 2- tetrahydroperfluorodecyl acrylate (70- 90%) and 1, 1, 2, 2- tetrahydroperfluorododecyl acrylate (10- 30%) was demonstrated to obtain the dual functionality. Effect of process and device parameters such as variation of (1) flow rate of monomer, (2) flow rate of helium and (3) flow rate of argon, (4) RF power, (5) time of plasma exposure to the fabric, (6) gap between electrodes, (7) prewashing the material before treatments and (8) preliminary plasma treatment on the fabric performance was also studied in this research.
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Rothman, Maria. "The needle has a point, stitch has a function : Exploring the embroidered stitch in a functional context." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-288.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This project within the textile design field explores the textile technique embroidery. By using design methods based on words and actions the technique was used in another angle approach that allowed the stitches to be used in a more functional context. This approach differs from how embroidery is traditionally looked upon, an added decorative surface to an already functional object. Embroidery has been explored in a way to see if the technique could be used as something more than just an added surface and if that added surface could be manipulated so that the stitch has both decorative and functional aspects. Stitches has been developed, discovered and realised that they can add density, stability, assembly and form to a material. This has resulted in an alternative way of using embroidery that puts the stitch in the position of being vital to both the expression and function of the object.
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Gismera, García Isaac. "System implementation of functional characterization of textiles electrodes for ECG measurements Software & Hardware components integration." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20103.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The development in textile technology has led to electrodes and wearable measuringsystems. For the implementation of wearable systems is necessary to characterize properly theelectrodes and its influence in generating measurements. The validation of the performance oftextiles electrodes must be made with real ECG measurements.To obtain this ECG with textiles electrodes, a system must be implemented. This systemshould integrate an ECG amplifier, an USB DAQ system, the obtained data is received by aLabview application which stored this data in an ASCII text file. This text file is used tosubsequent study in a power analytical application, for example, Matlab.
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Vílchez, Maldonado Silvia. "Textiles funcionales obtenidos a partir de la incorporación de nanopartículas poliméricas." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/283167.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
El objetivo principal de la presente tesis es el diseño de nanopartículas de etilcelulosa para su utilización como vehículos de principios activos o sustancias lipofílicas y su deposición sobre un tejido, con la finalidad de obtener textiles funcionales. Para ello, se seleccionó como sustancia lipofílica modelo un filtro solar orgánico y como sustrato textil tejido de algodón. Debido a las características de la sustancia lipofílica seleccionada, el objetivo final de este trabajo es la obtención de tejido de algodón con propiedades protectoras frente a la radiación ultravioleta mediante la aplicación de nanopartículas poliméricas funcionales de etilcelulosa, preparadas por el método de evaporación del solvente a partir de nano-emulsiones aceite en agua (O/W).
Por consiguiente, este estudio engloba el diseño de nanomateriales, su aplicación al tejido y estudio de la interacción entre las nanopartículas y el sustrato textil, y la evaluación de las propiedades finales de los tejidos tratados con nanopartículas.
Las principales etapas de esta tesis son las siguientes:
- Obtención de nanopartículas de etilcelulosa a partir de nano-emulsiones aceite en agua (O/W) utilizadas como plantilla
o Estudio de la formación y caracterización de nano-emulsiones
o Obtención de nanopartículas a partir de las nano-emulsiones
seleccionadas -Aplicación de las nanopartículas sobre el tejido de algodón -Determinación de las propiedades del tejido tratado con nanopartículas
Las investigaciones desarrolladas han permitido alcanzar las siguientes conclusiones principales:
- Las nano-emulsiones estudiadas presentan suficiente estabilidad a 25ºC para ser utilizadas como plantilla para la obtención de nanopartículas poliméricas de etilcelulosa de tamaño <100 nm mediante el método de evaporación del solvente.
- La determinación indirecta de la concentración de filtro solar en las nanopartículas por HPLC ha permitido concluir que el proceso de evaporación del solvente no induce la difusión del filtro solar hacia la fase continua del sistema, obteniendo un alto rendimiento de encapsulación (>95%).
- La incorporación del agente reticulante Desmodur N100 en la fase oleosa de la nano-emulsión permite la obtención de nanopartículas insolubles en solventes orgánicos tales como etanol. Ello se ha atribuido a la reticulación de las cadenas de etilcelulosa.
- La caracterización de los tejidos tratados con nanopartículas puso de manifiesto que los métodos convencionales de acabado del tejido “impregnación del tejido-paso por el foulard-secado” son adecuados para la incorporación de nanopartículas en una proporción suficiente como para otorgar funcionalidad de protección UV al tejido de algodón.
- A partir de los resultados obtenidos se dedujo que en el mecanismo de anclaje de las nanopartículas en el tejido de algodón probablemente predomina la penetración de cadenas de celulosa (que se encuentran por encima de su Tg) en las cadenas poliméricas que forman las nanopartículas, formando un entrelazado que aumenta la resistencia de las nanopartículas frente a los procesos de lavado.
- La evaluación de las propiedades de protección frente a la radiación UV de los tejidos tratados indica que las diversas modificaciones realizadas en el proceso de deposición de las nanopartículas sobre el tejido de algodón han permitido mejorar las propiedades de protección UV de los tejidos tratados, llegando a obtener textiles con una capacidad de protección excelente (UPF=50+).
- Las medidas de transmitancia de los tejidos después de los lavados y la evaluación del detergente empleado pusieron de manifiesto que la capacidad de protección frente a la radiación UV resulta de una contribución del filtro solar de las nanopartículas que resisten después de los lavados (absorción en el intervalo UVB), y el agente blanqueante del detergente depositado en los lavados (absorción en el intervalo UVA).The main objective of this thesis is the design of ethylcellulose nanoparticles for use as vehicles of lipophilic active substances and their deposition on fabric, to obtain functional textiles. For this purpose, it was selected as a model substance a lipophilic organic sunscreen and cotton fabric as textile. Due to the characteristics of the selected lipophilic substance, the final goal is to obtain UV protective cotton fabric. The main stages of this thesis are: - The preparation of ethylcellulose (EC) nanoparticles loaded with a sunscreen from oil in water nano-emulsions used as templates by the solvent evaporation method. - The application of EC nanoparticles on cotton fabric - The determination of the properties of the textile treated with the nanoparticles Following, the main conclusions of this work are described: - Nano-emulsions studied show sufficient stability to be used as template for the preparation of EC nanoparticles using the solvent evaporation method. - The determination of the concentration of sunscreen in nanoparticles by HPLC allow to conclude that the evaporation process of the solvent does not induce diffusion of sunscreen to the continuous phase (encapsulation efficiency > 95 % ). - The incorporation of the crosslinker Desmodur N100 in the oil phase of the nano-emulsion allows obtaining nanoparticles insoluble in organic solvents such as ethanol. - Characterization of treated fabrics showed that conventional fabric finishing methods "impregnation-padding-drying " are suitable to provide UV protection to fabric. - Evaluation of the properties of protection against UV radiation of the treated fabrics indicates that various modifications to the process of deposition of nanoparticles on the cotton fabric have improved fabric UV properties (UPF = 50+). - Results suggest that cotton textile UV protection is caused by nanoparticles (UVB absorption) and optical whitening agent deposition from detergent used in washing (UVA absorption).
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Sela, Ronit. "An exploration of functional and numerical flexibility in South African organisations: a qualitative study in two textile factories in Cape Town." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006149.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
During this research, an attempt was made to gain an understanding of management and their employees' perceptions regarding functional and numerical flexibility practices within South African organisations. To achieve this, twenty-six people, comprising of a variability of positions within the organisation, were interviewed in the region of the Western Cape. It was found that, although extensive research on the two forms of flexibility have been globally conducted, South African literature, particularly on the part of numerical flexibility, is limited. It is thus believed that this study will present a valuable basis to pursue in further research. Literature that was consulted was found to be supportive of the theoretical notion that South African organisations, in order to be globally competitive, have had to restructure and redefine themselves by ensuring that they make the most efficient and effective use of their human resources. The study found that whilst functional flexibility practices benefit employees in that they experienced increased job satisfaction and job mobility, it was the area of numerical flexibility which raised many dissatisfactions, including those of immense job insecurity and remuneration, both financial and otherwise. The study findings suggest a need for a more comprehensive and employee integrated approach by combining organisational with individual oriented initiatives, and ensuring the trade union's involvement in all facets of functional and numerical flexibility initiatives. The thesis ends with recommendations of various strategies for addressing the concerns of management, employees and the trade union in order to ensure full and proper utilisation of human resources so that the end product, namely job satisfaction, leads to organisational success.
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Roberts, Bryan C. "Exploring the potential for functional enhancement of rugby union shirts through the development and implementation of sports-specific textile test methods." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2008. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/23771.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Determination of rugby union shirt prototype functional performance is currently reliant on generic Standard fabric test methods or unstructured human participant trials that, often, do not take into account the demands of the game. Current research, sponsored by Canterbury of New Zealand, describes the development and implementation of reproducible rugby shirt specific textile test methods to determine the effects of contemporary garment construction. Four rugby shirt functions were chosen for investigation: rugby ball-shirt friction interaction, garment strength, thermoregulatory response to exercise when clothed and on-field garment serviceability. Using a sled-type tribometer, the rugby ball-shirt friction interaction was investigated in a range of contemporary shirt designs during simulated light human interference. It was found that the addition of polymer grip textures did not necessarily enhance traction unless raised geometric textures, adhered to the fabric surface, promoted frictional interlocking with ball pimples. A fully-manufactured shirt, as opposed to Standard bulk stock fabric, tensile strength protocol was developed to benchmark a range of contemporary shirt constructions using the strip method. Tensile strength was affected by fabric construction and anisotropy whereby micromesh fabrics, particularly orientated in the course direction, were weakest. In some cases, seam specimens were much weaker than fabric specimens in the same shirt. The thermoregulatory response to rugby attire was investigated using a novel rugby backs-specific intermittent treadmill protocol designed to replicate the physiological and locomotive demands of competitive professional match-play. The thermal and moisture management properties of baselayer, padding and shirt technologies highlighted significant thermoregulatory effects of garment choice. The thermal functionality of baselayers was superior to that of a 100% cotton t-shirt and did not impose a further thermophysical load when worn beneath a team-shirt. Shoulder padding increased skin temperature, sweat rate and rate of change of core temperature, even when worn singly. The need for a structured rugby-shirt specific wearer trial was highlighted from observation of current procedures employed by manufacturers in the rugby shirt industry. Three distinct elements of the wearer trial process were investigated: wear-service conditions replicating the physiological intensity of game-specific demands of rugby, structured garment assessment techniques including failure criteria, and unbiased player questioning through self-administered questionnaires. The range of rugby shirt performance predictors and potential design weaknesses observed in the current research has highlighted the need for a more systematic research-led approach to prototype rugby shirt testing. It is hoped manufacturers will adopt the textile test methods described to better understand rugby apparel functionality, necessary for the potential improvement of match-day performance through superior garment design.
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Andrez, Alexandra Martins. "Proteção das inovações no têxtil do futuro." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7859.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mestrado em Gestão e Estratégia IndustrialA indústria têxtil demonstrou ao longo dos anos ter sido capaz de "reinventar-se", sendo hoje em dia uma indústria com grande potencial inovador em muitos segmentos, como é o caso dos têxteis técnicos e funcionais de incorporação de alta tecnologia. Na presente dissertação analisa-se não só a importância da inovação para este setor mas sobretudo a estratégia de proteção das suas inovações, através do recurso aos mecanismos da Propriedade Industrial. A nível da metodologia recorremos ao método qualitativo de estudos de caso, concretizando-o através de entrevistas a duas empresas - uma do setor têxtil e outra de um setor subsidiário daquela indústria -, análise complementada por entrevistas ao CITEVE e INPI. Verificou-se o reconhecimento da importância da inovação para as empresas em causa como fator de reforço da sua competitividade, de forma a garantir o retorno dos elevados custos dos investimentos. As empresas recorrem à Propriedade Industrial através da aquisição de direitos exclusivos da utilização das suas inovações, tendo sido identificadas algumas dificuldades associadas ao seu custo, tanto na proteção internacional como na vigilância. Neste estudo, as patentes são a modalidade habitual para evitar que as inovações possam ser facilmente copiadas; identificaram-se, paralelamente, outros meios de apropriabilidade distintos da Propriedade Industrial, como é o caso do segredo para as inovações mais complexas.
The textile industry has shown over the years the ability to "reinvent itself", being nowadays an industry with great potential for innovation in many industries, such as technical and high technology incorporated functional textiles. In this thesis we analyze not only the importance of innovation for this industry but especially the strategy of protecting its innovations, through the recourse to Intellectual Property mechanisms. At the methodology level we used the qualitative method of case studies, implementing it through interviews with two companies - one of the textile industry and another of a subsidiary sector of that industry - analysis complemented by interviews with CITEVE and INPI. The importance of innovation for these companies was recognized as a reinforcing factor of their competitiveness in order to guarantee the return of high investment costs. Companies turn to Intellectual Property through the acquisition of exclusive rights for the use of its innovations, having been identified some difficulties associated with its cost, both in the international protection and in surveillance. Patents are the most used method to prevent innovations of being easily copied; in parallel, other means of different appropriability of Industrial Property were identified, as it is the case of secrecy in the case of more complex innovations.
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Ekhagen, Sebastian. "Stability of electron acceptor materials for organic solar cells : a work function study of C60/C70 derivatives and N2200." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap och fysik (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-72727.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thin films of the fullerenes PC60BM and PC70BM and the non-fullerene N2200, three popular electron acceptor materials in organic photovoltaics, have been studied, using both the Kelvin probe method as well as ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy. With these methods the work function was measured, as well as the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) onset. Additionally band bending effects were studied by illuminating the samples while measuring the work function with the Kelvin probe so called surface photovoltage. Sample of each material was exposed to either air and simulated sunlight or N2 and simulated sunlight, for different length of time, to observe how the materials work function evolves after exposure to the different conditions. It was observed that, as expected from previous studies, that PC60BM was less photo-stable than PC70BM. Additionally, the work function of PC60BM changed significantly by storage in N2. Each material after exposure for 24h to air and light, was annealed and measured with the Kelvin probe. A restoring effect was observed, for the non-fullerene material N2200. All three materials developed an increasing surface photovoltage, which suggest increased band bending, when exposed to air and light, indicating that due phot-oxidization, charges are redistributed at the surface of the film. The fullerenes showed a larger surface photovoltage effect than the non-fullerene materials. A difference between the work function values obtained from the Kelvin probe method and the ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy could be seen, however the exact reason for this couldn't be isolated within this thesis, but was discussed.
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Li, Menglong. "Electronic packaging for functional electronic textiles." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2018. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/428043/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
An electronic textile (e-textile) is a textile with integrated electronic functionality. It can be used in many areas, for example, clothing, medical, furniture and aerospace applications. The combination of electronics with textiles requires the use of flexible circuit technology, with electronic components mounted on polymer substrates with conductive tracks, to ensure the textile retains as much as possible their normal physical characteristics and feel. E-textiles in wearable applications are subject to human motion activities and as such the integrated electronic components can be vulnerable to different kinds of stresses such as bending. These forces can potentially shear, pull off or damage the components despite the electronic packaging methods used to protect them. Similarly, temperature changes in the environment can induce thermal expansion stresses in the electronic packaging or components which may result in failure. Therefore the need to develop a new reliable electronic packaging method for e-textiles to mitigate these stresses becomes increasingly important. This thesis presents research into a new reliable packaging technique capable of protecting components against twisting, bending or shear stresses. The use of this packaging technique has been evaluated with the ultra-thin die mounted onto thin flexible polymer film strip which contains conductive tracks for electrical interconnections and power supply for electronics. This electronic strip can be subsequently formed into yarns or woven into a textile. The review of electronic packaging techniques for forming electronic connects between the die and substrate such as flip chip bonding, anisotropic adhesives bonding and wire bonding are also included in this thesis. Finite element analysis (FEA) of the electronic strip is also presented. FEA simulations are used to evaluate the mechanical performance of different electronic packaging assemblies. An FEA investigation is presented in the materials and component dimensions in order to maximize the reliability of the packaging method. The three-point bending, shear, tensile and thermal expansion modelling have been simulated and, in the case of shear load and bending, results validated against an experimental evaluation. The shear and bending experimental results show good agreement with the simulation results and verify the simulated optimal thickness of the adhesive layer. Three under-fill adhesives (EP30AO, EP37-3FLF and Epo-Tek 301 2fl), five highly flexible adhesives (MK055, Nu355, Loctite 4860, Loctite 480 and Loctite 4902) and three substrates (Kapton, Mylar and PEEK) have been evaluated and the optimal thickness of each is found. The Kapton substrate, together with the EP37-3FLF adhesive, was identified as the best materials combination, with the optimum under-fill and substrate thickness identified as 0.05 mm. A novel method for packaging electronics using a thermally deformed Kapton was introduced. The design process for the jig that was used to deform the Kapton and the minimum temperature (360 °C) and time (60 Sec) needed to deform the Kapton has been investigated. This is also the first demonstrated method for reliably incorporating electronic circuits in a textile and that can withstand up to 45, 150,000 and 1470 cycles of machine washing, 180 degree twist test and 90 degree bending test respectively. The new ultra-thin silicon chip (0.025 mm thickness) fabrication method has also been introduced in this thesis to increase the flexibility of the electronic packaging method for functional electronic textiles.
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van, Overmeeren Johannes R. S. "Development of waterborne and mild curing DWRs, formulated with fully bio-based substances." Thesis, KTH, Fiber- och polymerteknologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-289161.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
”Durable water repellents (DWR) är textilimpregneringar som bidrar med vattenavvisande egenskaper som håller länge på funktionella tyg. Tyvärr är dessa hydrofobiska ytbehandlingar vanligtvis en källa till skadliga och persistenta kemikalier och de även är producerade från fossilbaserade resurser. Eftersom medvetenheten kring de här problemen har ökat, har innovativa, miljövänliga och biologiskt nedbrytbara alternativ tagits fram. Hittills finns dock inga produkter gjorda av 100% förnybara råvaror. I ett försök att utveckla en biobaserad, icke-giftig DWR som aktiveras under milda förhållanden, lades fokus på utveckling av en lagringsstabil sprayimpregneringsprodukt för hemmabruk. Vid formulering av emulsionerna/dispersionerna utvärderades en stor mängd biobaserade och kommersiellt tillgängliga hydrofobiska och amfifila molekyler med avseende den vattenavvisande effekt som de bidrog med på den behandlade textilen. Samtidigt bedömdes de producerade formuleringarna noggrant för att skapa förståelse om effekterna från ingredienserna och deras relation till produktens stabilitet. De kandidatprodukter som valdes ut och undersöktes vidare hade lovande vattenavvisande egenskaper och visade rimlig hållbarhetstid på åtminstone en månad i 40 °C. Standardiserade sprayscores på 3 (där 1 är sämst och 5 är bäst) nåddes efter 24 timmars hängtorkning i rumstemperatur. Dessutom uppnåddes sprayscore på 5 efter en kort, icke-industriell torktumling på låg temperatur och den behölls efter minst tio tvättar på syntetiska textiler. Utvalda produkter påverkade inte märkbart tygets andningsförmåga och majoriteten hade ingen influens på textilens mjukhet och färg. Förutom uppskalningsexperiment och partikelstorleksmätningar, granskades resultat med en tillämpningsstudie av formuleringarna på femton olika tygtyper. Produkternas effekter på utseende och känsla dokumenterades för de olika textilierna. Egenskaper som kontaktvinklar, sprayscores och tvättbeständighet bestämdes och jämfördes med en kommersiellt tillgänglig produkt.Durable water repellents (DWR) are textile finishes that provide long-lasting water repelling properties to functional garments. However, these hydrophobic finishes are commonly a source of polluting and persistent chemicals and are produced from fossil resources. As a result of increasing awareness, innovation towards environmentally friendly and biodegradable alternatives has progressed, yet no 100% renewable sourced products are available. In an attempt to create a bio-based, non-toxic DWR, that is curable under mild conditions, focus was put on the development of a shelf stable spray impregnation product intended for consumer use. By formulating dispersion/emulsion systems, a wide variety of commercially available, renewable sourced amphiphilic and hydrophobic molecules were evaluated on their effect on the water repelling performance of treated textile fabrics. Simultaneously, the produced systems were assessed carefully to create understanding on the effect of substances and their corresponding ratios on the stability. Promising candidate products that were selected for further investigation showed reasonable stability for 1 month at 40 °C. Industrial standard spray ratings of 3 (where 1 is worst and 5 is best) after hang drying at room temperature could be reached within 24 hours. On top of that, spray ratings of 5 could be reached after short time, non-industrial tumble drying at low temperatures, which could even be retained for at least ten laundering cycles on synthetic textiles. The selected finishes did not have a measurable effect on the breathability of the treated fabrics, while the majority did not considerably affect the hands-feeling or colour of the textiles. Besides several scaling up experiments and particle size measurements, extrapolation of the findings was carried out by testing the developed formulations on fifteen different types of textiles. Effects on appearance and feel were documented, additionally, contact angle, spray score, and wash durability were determined and compared with a commercially available product.
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Eutionnat-Diffo, Prisca Aude. "3D Printing of polymers onto textiles : an innovative approach to develop functional textiles." Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1I058.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cette thèse vise à caractériser des polymères imprimés tridimensionnellement (3D) sur des matériaux textiles PET via une méthode de dépôt de polymère fondu connu sur le nom de Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) utilisant à la fois des polymères non conducteurs et conducteurs. Les propriétés mécaniques et électriques ont été optimisées par le biais de modèles statistiques et améliorées grâce à des pré et post-traitements ou le développement de mélanges de polymères. Ce travail de recherche apporte de nouveaux résultats sur le développement de textiles techniques par l'impression 3D de polymères fonctionnels. Le procédé FDM a été considéré dans cette thèse pour son fort potentiel en termes de flexibilité, d'efficacité des ressources, de production sur mesure et d'écologie par rapport aux procédés de finition textile conventionnels existants, par exemple, les impressions numériques et sérigraphiques. Le principal enjeu de cette technologie est de garantir des propriétés électriques et mécaniques optimisées (flexion, flexibilité, traction, abrasion, etc.) du polymère imprimé en 3D sur les textiles afin d’être utilisé dans l'industrie textile. Par conséquent, le développement de nouveaux polymères imprimés en 3D sur des matériaux PET avec des propriétés améliorées est nécessaire.Dans un premier temps, de l’'acide polylactique (PLA) non conducteur et du PLA contenant 2.5% de noir de carbone ont été imprimé en 3D sur des tissus en PET. Les polymères conducteurs ont été fabriqués par le procédé d'extrusion à voie fondu. Les propriétés mécaniques, notamment d’adhésion, de traction, de déformation, de résistance au lavage et d’abrasion ont été déterminées. Ensuite, la relation entre les caractéristiques structurelles et thermiques du textile et la température du plateau de l’imprimante 3D et ces propriétés par le biais de modèles statistiques a été déterminée. De plus, différents pré-traitements sur textiles incluant le plasma atmosphérique, le greffage d'acide acrylique et l'application d'adhésifs ont été suggérés pour améliorer les propriétés d’adhésion du PLA imprimé en 3D sur les tissus en PET. Enfin, de nouveaux mélanges biophasiques utilisant du polyéthylène basse densité (LDPE) et un élastomère à base de propylène (PBE) contenant de nanotubes de carbone à parois multiples (CNT) et de noir de carbone à haute structure (KB) ont été développés et fabriqués pour améliorer la flexibilité, le la contrainte et la déformation à la rupture et les propriétés électriques du PLA imprimé en 3D sur le tissu PET. La morphologie, les propriétés thermiques et rhéologiques de chaque mélange sont également determinées afin de comprendre le comportement du matériau et l’amélioration de ses propriétés mécaniques et électriques.Les résultats ont démontré que la structure textile définie par sa densité en trame, son motif et la composition des fils de trame et de chaîne a un impact significatif sur l'adhésion, la déformation, l'abrasion et les propriétés de traction du PLA imprimé en 3D sur les tissus en PET. Des compromis doivent être trouvés car les textiles poreux, rugueux possédant de faible conductivité thermique ont montré de meilleures propriétés de lavage, d’adhésion et de traction et une moins bonne résistance à la déformation et à l'abrasion. Des modèles statistiques entre les propriétés textiles et le PLA imprimé en 3D sur des matériaux PET et les propriétés ont été développés avec succès et utilisés pour les optimiser. L'application d'adhésifs sur des tissus en PET traité avec de l'acide acrylique greffé a considérablement amélioré la résistance d'adhésion. Par ailleurs, les mélanges LDPE / PBE de phases co-continues et contenant du CNT et de KB localisés à l'interface ou dans la phase LDPE a révélé améliorer considérablement la déformation et les propriétés de traction et électriques des imprimés 3D sur textilesThis thesis aims at characterizing tridimensional (3D) printed polymers onto PET textile materials via fused deposition modeling (FDM) that uses both non-conductive and conductive polymers, optimizing their mechanical and electrical properties through statistical modeling and enhancing them with pre and post-treatments and the development of polymer blends. This research work supports the development of technical textiles through 3D printing that may have functionalities. The FDM process was considered in this thesis for its strong potential in terms of flexibility, resource-efficiency, cost-effectiveness tailored production and ecology compared to the existing conventional textile finishing processes, for instance, the digital and screen printings. The main challenge of this technology is to warranty optimized electrical and mechanical (bending, flexibility, tensile, abrasion, etc.) properties of the 3D printed polymer onto textiles for the materials to be used in textile industry. Therefore, the development of novel 3D printed polymers onto PET materials with improved properties is necessary. First of all, 3D printed non-conductive Polylactic Acid (PLA) and PLA filled with 2.5wt% Carbon-Black filled onto PET fabrics were purchased and manufactured through melt extrusion process respectively, to characterize their mechanical properties including adhesion, tensile, deformation, wash ability and abrasion. Then, the relationship between the textile structural characteristics and thermal properties and build platform temperature and these properties through statistical modeling was determined. Subsequently, different textile pre-treatments that include atmospheric plasma, grafting of acrylic acid and application of adhesives were suggested to enhance the adhesion properties of the 3D printed PLA onto PET fabrics. Lastly, novel biophasic blends using Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) / Propylene- Based Elastomer (PBE) filled with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT) and high-structured carbon black (KB) were developed and manufactured to improve the flexibility, the stress and strain at rupture and the electrical properties of the 3D printed PLA onto PET fabric. The morphology, thermal and rheological properties of each blends are also accessed in order to understand the material behavior and enhanced mechanical and electrical properties.The findings demonstrated that the textile structure defined by its weft density and pattern and weft and warp yarn compositions has a significant impact on the adhesion, deformation, abrasion, tensile properties of 3D printed PLA onto PET fabrics. Compromises have to be found as porous and rough textiles with low thermal properties showed better wash-ability, adhesion and tensile properties and worse deformation and abrasion resistance. Statistical models between the textile properties and the 3D printed PLA onto PET materials and the properties were successfully developed and used to optimize them. The application of adhesives on treated PET with grafted acrylic acid did significantly improve the adhesion resistance and LDPE/PBE blends filled with CNT and KB that have co-continuous LDPE and PBE phases as well as CNT and KB selectively located at the interface and in the LDPE phase revealed enhanced deformation and tensile and electrical properties
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Ruijter, Wout. "Analysis of mechanical properties of woven textile composites as a function of textile geometry." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2009. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10761/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The topic of this thesis is mesoscale mechanics analysis of textile composites. The need for such analysis originates from the need to accurately predict structural performance of textile composite structures, which is known to vary as a function of textile geometry parameters. Because of textile composites' suitability for use in large deformation forming methods, modelling of yarn geometries and their deformation mechanisms have seen much developments in recent years, in particular, the development of dedicated CAD modelling tools like TexGen. The work in this thesis was started to devise automatic mechanics modelling of textile composite geometries, which was achieved by avoiding the generation of a mesh that follows yarn boundaries and instead assigns properties to integration points using textile querying implemented in TexGen. The conceptual advantage is that in such a method any additional effects (like prestress, initial damage or voids) can be added without adding geometric complexity. The effect of spatial averaging on the convergence of relevant outputs is analysed and a case study on a simple plain weave textile is presented. Good correlation of experimental and modelled strength was found and parametric studies on the textile geometry show that the range of strengths found in tests could be explained by the effects of geometric variables. More importantly, a practical automatic link between TexGen and FE analysis is implemented and demonstrated to work.
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Wahab, Abdul, and Carl Kessler. "Eco-Friendliness Assessment Of Primary Food Packaging : A case study to assess relevant criteria and evaluate packaging options for sustainable development." Thesis, Jönköping University, JTH, Logistik och verksamhetsledning, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-53937.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to investigate how food start-ups (FS) can make their primary food packaging (PFP) more eco-friendly by identifying and evaluating the performance of suited packaging alternative. The purpose was fulfilled by answering the three research questions: RQ1) How to assess the eco-friendliness of PFP? RQ2) Which are areas of improvement in environmental performance? RQ3) What are the differences in performance across similar PFP’s? Methods: To answer the research questions both the literature review and empirical data was required. The literature study was conducted to gather relevant theories about primary food packaging in food start-ups. To get the required empirical data, a single case study was conducted at a case company that suited the subject. The case study consisted of multiple interviews and document study. This enabled for an analysis in the form of pattern matching in order to answer the research questions and achieve the purpose. Findings: The Study found that to assess the PFP that have direct impact on the environment the functional features and the environmental framework play a central role in the eco- friendliness of PFPs which analyzed the requirements for the PFP and a multi criteria decision making approach for the environmental assessment for the Green-PE. The stakeholder expectations were found by analyzing the criterion for the PFP. In addition, a comparison for an eco-friendlier alternative was analyzed with the current Green-PE to justify the performance for the PFP in FS. Implications: The study results present practical implications with assessing the current Green-PE and evaluating the gaps for improvement areas, while also comparing similar PFP which is an eco-friendlier option for food packaging start-ups. As there has been no general theoretical implications, the findings of the thesis can be used as a basis for deeper insights into the subject through more extensive research. Delimitations & Scope: The focus was to identify and evaluate the current PFP environmental impact and not the other aspects of the life cycle assessment since the scope was limited. Also, a single case study was used rather than multiple case studies to analyze the eco-friendliness for PEPs.
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Iliffe, Christopher. "An inverse predictive model for the design of functional textiles." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3351.
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Coated woven fabrics are used for large scale structures including airports and sports stadia. Manufacturers produce a range of fabrics from which a single fabric is selected by the structural engineer based on design criteria such as stiffness, weight, strength and formability. Designs must therefore utilise a fabric with properties which may not be optimal for that particular application. This thesis develops and tests a model that allows a bespoke coated woven fabric to be designed with specified mechanical properties such as tensile stiffness, Poison’s ratio and shear stiffness. A method is developed to ‘invert’ an existing predictive mechanistic ‘unit cell’ model using the derivatives of the equations defining the unit cell. The existing model is altered to enable the prediction of shear characteristics in addition to tensile properties by the inclusion of the coating using a finite element representation. The ‘inverse’ model is shown to accurately design a fabric for specific and attainable targets of Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, and shear stiffness which have been derived using the predictive model for various fabric stress states. The effect of variability in fabric parameters on the tensile response of a fabric is considered using both Monte Carlo and FORM analysis. The sensitivity of the fabric response to biaxial loading is calculated using the direction cosines defined in the FORM methodology. The calculation of fabric sensitivity also enables a detailed investigation of the sensitivity of fabric stress-strain behaviour to variation in individual fabric parameters. A method is developed to design fabrics with mechanical properties which are robust to changes in manufacturing parameters by altering the geometry of the fabric. The model is validated by comparing the inverse model output to unit cell model input and also to biaxial test results. The inverse model shows excellent fidelity with results calculated using the unit cell model, but fails to adequately reproduce the actual fabric geometry when target stiffness values are based on biaxial test data. A method for the removal of yarns from fabrics and tensile testing of coated fabric yarn specimens is also developed. iii It is common practice to use a plane stress formulation to approximate the stress-strain response of a coated woven fabric. Comparison of the model output with biaxial test results necessitated the creation of a method for the calculation of fabric tensile stiffness at multiple stress states instead of a single set of elastic constants. This approach takes into account the complex nonlinear behaviour of architectural fabrics by considering the variation in stress-strain behaviour at different biaxial stress states. The final inverse model provides a novel tool for the design of coated woven fabric with prescribed mechanical responses at multiple stress states that is robust to variations in its constituent parameters, with scope for future application in textile architecture, medical textiles and industrial textiles.
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Alobaidli, Sheaka. "Functional imaging and texture analysis in radiotherapy planning." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2017. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/813156/.
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In this thesis, a methodology is developed to generate optimised three-dimensional voxel-based CT texture maps (3D-VTM) to examine regional heterogeneity information within tumours and their relation to tumour metabolism measured as 18F-fluoro-deoxy glucose (18F-FDG) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) distributions. Ten patients diagnosed with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were investigated. For optimal texture information decoding, an optimised quantisation method is presented. The texture feature that reflects heterogeneity and which showed correlation with patients’ survival was chosen for this thesis. To account for respiratory motion effects, an in-house designed phantom was used to characterise the effects of motion on texture analysis and consequently adapt our method in that regard.
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Luo, Yiyue S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Discovering the patterns of human-environment interactions using scalable functional textiles." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/128628.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, May, 2020Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 59-63).
Humans perform complex tasks in the real world thanks to rich and constant tactile perceptual input. Being able to record such tactile data would allow scientists from various disciplines to study human activities more fundamentally and quantitatively. Moreover, capturing large and diverse datasets on human-environment interactions and coupling them with machine learning models would allow the development of future intelligent robotic systems that mimic human behavior. Here, we present a textile-based tactile learning platform that enables researchers to record, monitor, and learn human activities and the associated interactions. Realized with inexpensive piezoresistive fibers (0.2 USD/m) and automated machine knitting, our functional textiles offer dense coverage (> 1000 sensors) over large complex surfaces (> 2000 cm2). Further, we leverage machine learning for sensing correction, ensuring that our system is robust against potential variations from individual receptors. To validate the capability of our sensor, we capture diverse human-environment interactions (> 1,000,000 tactile frames). We demonstrate that machine learning techniques can be used with our data to classify human activities, predict whole-body poses, and discover novel motion signatures. This work opens up new possibilities in wearable electronics, healthcare, manufacturing, and robotics.
by Yiyue Luo.
S.M.
S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
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Bowen, Neil Evan. "Modelling choice in digital writing : functional revisions and 'texture'." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2016. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/97609/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this thesis, the digital writing practices of two 2nd year undergraduates are examined in terms of the functions and structures of their revision activity. Using systemic functional linguistics as an underlying framework, the project takes a first step toward to a dynamic description of written text in functional terms. To date, research into dynamic descriptions of language (i.e. the logogenesis, or unfolding of meaning in a text) has been almost entirely based upon data related to the spoken mode. Furthermore, research into revision activity has tended to ignore the functionality or meaning inherent in such revisions. The existing research has, instead, primarily focused on cognitive processes (for e.g., pause times) or which language structures, such as parts of speech, are more frequently involved in revisions that others. Ultimately, this thesis works toward providing a dynamic description of the language functions and revisions involved in revision activity in two student writers. To do this, it makes use of software called keystroke logging to record how two writers compose four academic essays on their computers. Such technology allows us to model the unfolding of a written text in much the same way as a tape recording allows researchers to model the unfolding of a speech. By examining how these writers revise text in light of academic expectations (a 'valued' configuration of field, tenor, and mode register variables present in language choices) and digital mediation (computer afforded composing practices), the thesis shows how certain language functions and structures may play a key role when it comes to shaping an academic essay. In this light, this thesis takes a first step to providing a dynamic description of what is usually analysed solely in synoptic terms, by showing how we can analyse written text as process (an evolving entity) rather than just a product (a static entity). Because of this, a new model of analysis – a combination of keystroke data and functional systemics – is proposed, which can provide an additional perspective to the already existing methods of examining writer behaviour by looking at meaning making practices in revision activity.
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Fletcher, Angela Mary. "A five-year prospective study of lung function decline in Lancashire textile workers." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402992.
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Jones, Flora. "Disguised Stretch : Changeable knitted textiles with altering functions and visual expressions." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-23504.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This project places itself in the field of textile design within flat knitting textiles intended as prototypes for interactive textiles with multifunctional purposes and aesthetics. The purpose of the project is to suggest alternative design solutions towards knitted textiles in the field of sportswear that not only acts as a second skin both in terms of appearance and functionality, as well as aesthetic details once the knit interacts with a moving body. The aim of the project, but also offers visual and contrasting functions such as expandability, rigidness and stretch, as well as creating aesthetic details caused by movement of the human body. The design process was conducted in experimental knitting on both industrial and domestic knitting machines, workshops entailing the relation between the knits and the body as well as technically developing the proper bindings to work in unity. Analysis of the knits were made which led to the solely use of these bindings: rib, spacer, links links, ripple and mesh. The outcome of the projects resulted in four knitted textile prototypes, where one of them is designed as a product in the shape of a top, and the others as knitted fabrics each representing two opposing functions. The conclusion drawn in retrospect of this project that by placing opposing bindings parallel, such ripple and links links, it is possible to achieve two opposing functions as well as different visual perception within the same area of a knitted piece.
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Amoakohene, Benjamin. "An exploration of texture in Ghanaian undergraduate students’ essays." University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8102.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Philosophiae Doctor - PhDAs an official and second language in Ghana, English is used as a medium of instruction in the Ghanaian educational setting, especially at the university level. Therefore, for Ghanaian students to go through their university education successfully, they should be able to demonstrate competence in the usage of English. However, time and again, there have been series of complaints from most English language teachers about the Ghanaian students’ lack of dexterity in writing cohesive and coherent texts. The present study, therefore, has as its aim to explore texture in first-year Ghanaian undergraduate students' essays (GUSEs). This focus is achieved through four main specific objectives. Thus, the study accounts for (1) the types of cohesive devices (2) the cohesive errors (3) the disciplinary variation in the type of cohesive devices and cohesive errors and (4) the thematic progression patterns in the essays of these first-year Ghanaian undergraduate students. To achieve these objectives, I use the Systemic Functional Linguistics perspective to text analysis, specifically the metafunction of texture as projected by Halliday (1967, 1970, 1985, 1994, and 2004), Halliday and Hasan (1976), Martin and Rose (2003) and Martin (2015).
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Hashemi, Sanatgar Razieh. "FDM 3D printing of conductive polymer nanocomposites : A novel process for functional and smart textiles." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1I052/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Le but de cette étude est d’exploiter les fonctionnalités des nano-Composites Polymères Conducteurs (CPC) imprimés en utilisant la technologie FDM (modélisation par dépôt de monofilament en fusion) pour le développement de textiles fonctionnels et intelligents. L’impression 3D présente un fort potentiel pour la création d’une nouvelle classe de nanocomposites multifonctionnels. Par conséquent, le développement et la caractérisation des polymères et nanocomposites fonctionnels et imprimables en 3D sont nécessaires afin d’utiliser l’impression 3D comme nouveau procédé de dépôt de ces matériaux sur textiles. Cette technique introduira des procédés de fonctionnalisation de textiles plus flexibles, économes en ressources et très rentables, par rapport aux procédés d'impression conventionnels tels que la sérigraphie et le jet d'encre. L’objectif est de développer une méthode de production intégrée et sur mesure pour des textiles intelligents et fonctionnels, afin d’éviter toute utilisation d'eau, d'énergie et de produits chimiques inutiles et de minimiser les déchets dans le but d’améliorer l'empreinte écologique et la productivité. La contribution apportée par cette thèse consiste en la création et la caractérisation de filaments CPC imprimables en 3D, le dépôt de polymères et de nanocomposites sur des tissus et l’étude des performances en termes de fonctionnalité des couches de CPC imprimées en 3D. Dans un premier temps, nous avons créé des filaments de CPC imprimables en 3D, notamment des nanotubes de carbone à parois multiples (MWNT) et du noir de carbone à haute structure (Ketjenblack) (KB), incorporés dans de l'acide polylactique (PLA) à l'aide d'un procédé de mélange à l'état fondu. Les propriétés morphologiques, électriques, thermiques et mécaniques des filaments et des couches imprimées en 3D ont été étudiées. Deuxièmement, nous avons déposé les polymères et les nanocomposites sur des tissus à l’aide d’une impression 3D et étudié leur adhérence aux tissus. Enfin, les performances des couches de CPC imprimées en 3D ont été analysées sous tension et force de compression appliquées. La variation de la valeur de la résistance correspondant à la charge appliquée permet d’évaluer l'efficacité des couches imprimées en tant que capteur de pression / force. Les résultats ont montré que les nanocomposites à base de PLA, y compris MWNT et KB, sont imprimables en 3D. Les modifications des propriétés morphologiques, électriques, thermiques et mécaniques des nanocomposites avant et après l’impression 3D nous permettent de mieux comprendre l’optimisation du procédé. De plus, différentes variables du procédé d’impression 3D ont un effet significatif sur la force d'adhérence des polymères et des nanocomposites déposés sur les tissus. Nous avons également développé des modèles statistiques fiables associés à ces résultats valables uniquement pour le polymère et le tissu de l’étude. Enfin, les résultats démontrent que les mélanges PLA/MWNT et PLA/KB sont de bonnes matières premières piézorésistives pour l’impression 3D. Elles peuvent être potentiellement utilisées dans l’électronique portable, la robotique molle et la fabrication de prothèses, où une conception complexe, multidirectionnelle et personnalisable est nécessaireThe aim of this study is to get the benefit of functionalities of fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printed conductive polymer nanocomposites (CPC) for the development of functional and smart textiles. 3D printing holds strong potential for the formation of a new class of multifunctional nanocomposites. Therefore, development and characterization of 3D printable functional polymers and nanocomposites are needed to apply 3D printing as a novel process for the deposition of functional materials on fabrics. This method will introduce more flexible, resource-efficient and cost-effective textile functionalization processes than conventional printing process like screen and inkjet printing. The goal is to develop an integrated or tailored production process for smart and functional textiles which avoid unnecessary use of water, energy, chemicals and minimize the waste to improve ecological footprint and productivity. The contribution of this thesis is the creation and characterization of 3D printable CPC filaments, deposition of polymers and nanocomposites on fabrics, and investigation of the performance of the 3D printed CPC layers in terms of functionality. Firstly, the 3D printable CPC filaments were created including multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) and high-structured carbon black (Ketjenblack) (KB) incorporated into a biobased polymer, polylactic acid (PLA), using a melt mixing process. The morphological, electrical, thermal and mechanical properties of the 3D printer filaments and 3D printed layers were investigated. Secondly, the performance of the 3D printed CPC layers was analyzed under applied tension and compression force. The response for the corresponding resistance change versus applied load was characterized to investigate the performance of the printed layers in terms of functionality. Lastly, the polymers and nanocomposites were deposited on fabrics using 3D printing and the adhesion of the deposited layers onto the fabrics were investigated. The results showed that PLA-based nanocomposites including MWNT and KB are 3D printable. The changes in morphological, electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties of nanocomposites before and after 3D printing give us a great understanding of the process optimization. Moreover, the results demonstrate PLA/MWNT and PLA/KB as a good piezoresistive feedstock for 3D printing with potential applications in wearable electronics, soft robotics, and prosthetics, where complex design, multi-directionality, and customizability are demanded. Finally, different variables of the 3D printing process showed a significant effect on adhesion force of deposited polymers and nanocomposites onto fabrics which has been presented by the best-fitted model for the specific polymer and fabric
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Prahl, Anne. "Designing wearable sensors for Preventative Health : an exploration of material, form and function." Thesis, University of the Arts London, 2015. http://ualresearchonline.arts.ac.uk/9077/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The financial burden on global healthcare systems has reached unprecedented levels and as a result, attention has been shifting from the traditional approach of disease management and treatment towards prevention (Swan, 2012). Wearable devices for Preventative Health have become a focus for innovation across academia and industry, thus this thesis explores the design of wearable biochemical and environmental sensors, which can provide users with an early warning, detection and monitoring system that could integrate easily into their existing lives. The research aims to generate new practical knowledge for the design and development of wearable sensors and, motivated by the identification of compelling design opportunities, merges three strands of enquiry. The research methodology supports this investigation into material, form and function through the use of key practice-based methods, which include Participatory Action Research (active immersion and participation in a particular community and user workshops) and the generation and evaluation of a diverse range of artefacts. Based on the user-centred investigation of the use case for biochemical and environmental sensing, the final collection of artefacts demonstrates a diverse range of concepts, which present biodegradable and recyclable nonwoven material substrates for the use in non-integrated sensors. These sensors can be skin-worn, body-worn or clothing-attached for in-situ detection and monitoring of both internal (from the wearer) and external (from the environment) stimuli. The research proposes that in order to engage a broad section of the population in a preventative lifestyle to significantly reduce the pressure on global healthcare systems, wearable sensors need to be designed so they can appeal to as many users as possible and integrate easily into their existing lifestyles, routines and outfits. The thesis argues that this objective could be achieved through the design and development of end-of-life considered and cost-effective substrate materials, non-integrated wearable form factors and meticulous consideration of a divergent range of user needs and preferences, during the early stages of design practice.
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何禮明 and Lai-ming Ho. "A study of diagnostic criteria employed in the analysis of lung function of textile workers." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1991. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31209749.
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El-aouar, Walid Abbas. "Contribui??es da inser??o musical para a qualidade de vida no trabalho em ambiente laboral fabril." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2012. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/12076.
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Previous issue date: 2012-11-30The present thesis aimed at understanding how the insertion of music in the work environment contributes to achieving Quality of Work Life. - QWL, under the perspective of biopsychosocial and organizational well-being. As to music insertion we considered the theoretical-empirical perception about how music is inserted at work and its functions on such place. The context where the study was taken was the manufacturing area of a major textile company, located in Natal, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, in which music is used during labor activities. The only study case was the research strategy adopted, with exploratory and descriptive purposes. The primary data were collected through the focus group technique, applied to the collaborator in the manufacturing sector. The semi-structured interview was done as a complementary tool, directed to the supervisor in that sector. Respecting the theoretical saturation criterion, we formed four focus groups, each one composed of eight members randomly selected, among the seventy-six collaborators in the sector. The data were analyzed qualitatively, through the content analysis technique, more specifically the category analysis. We identified twenty-eight QWL attributes. Six of them were found present in the four focus groups and in the interview. Among these ones, the attribute of Interpersonal Relationship at Work, contemplating the Psychological and Organizational dimensions, was the only one anticipated in four out of fifteen theoretical models here listed. The attribute Music at Work Environment could be inserted in the four QWL dimensions, highlighting the power and relevance of this attribute for the research participants. The way music has been inserted in the labor environment contributes to promoting well-being at work, which goes against theoretical conceptions, especially when it comes to musical genre. We identified nine functions of music at work, among which, Improving Work Conditions, Improving Interpersonal Relationship at Work and Favoring Motivation for Work had to be emphasized for being associated to three QWL attributes. In the total, we highlighted seven associations. The most affected QWL dimension through the insertion of music at work was the Psychological one, followed by the Organizational one. We conclude that music insertion provides biological, social and, above all, psychological and organizational well-being to the contributors, thus contributing to obtaining QWL at the labor environment researched. However, we should consider the context and proceed to periodical plans and adjustments in the way of music insertion so as to avoid health and well-being problems to those people at work
A presente Tese objetivou compreender como a inser??o de m?sica no ambiente laboral contribui para a obten??o da Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho - QVT, na perspectiva da percep??o do bem-estar biopsicossocial e organizacional. Com rela??o ? inser??o musical, partiu-se de concep??es te?rico-emp?ricas acerca da forma como a m?sica ? inserida no trabalho e das fun??es por ela exercida naquele ambiente. O contexto onde se realizou o estudo foi o setor de confec??o de uma ind?stria t?xtil de grande porte, localizada na cidade de Natal, estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil, em que se utilizava m?sica durante a atividade laboral. O estudo de caso ?nico foi a estrat?gia de pesquisa adotada, com finalidades explorat?ria e descritiva. Os dados prim?rios foram coletados atrav?s da t?cnica de grupo focal, adotada como instrumento principal de coleta de dados, aplicado aos colaboradores do setor de confec??o. A entrevista semiestruturada foi utilizada como instrumento complementar, direcionado ? supervisora daquele setor. Respeitando-se o crit?rio de satura??o te?rica, foram formados quatro grupos focais, cada um dos quais compostos por oito participantes, selecionados de forma aleat?ria, entre os setenta e seis colaboradores do setor. Os dados foram analisados qualitativamente, atrav?s da t?cnica de an?lise de conte?do, mais especificamente, a an?lise categorial. Identificaram-se vinte e oito atributos de QVT. Seis deles estavam presentes nos quatro grupos focais e na entrevista. Dentre esses, o atributo Relacionamento Interpessoal no Trabalho, contemplado nas dimens?es Psicol?gica e Organizacional, foi o ?nico previsto em quatro dos quinze modelos te?ricos aqui elencados. O atributo M?sica no Ambiente de Trabalho p?de ser inserido nas quatro dimens?es de QVT, evidenciando a for?a e a relev?ncia desse atributo para os participantes da pesquisa. A forma como a m?sica vem sendo inserida no ambiente laboral contribui para promover o bem-estar no trabalho, o que contraria concep??es te?ricas, sobretudo no que concerne ao g?nero musical. Foram identificadas nove fun??es da m?sica no trabalho, dentre as quais, Melhorar as Condi??es de Trabalho, Melhorar o Relacionamento Interpessoal no Trabalho e Favorecer a Motiva??o Para o Trabalho mereceram destaque por estarem associadas a tr?s atributos de QVT. Ao todo, foram evidenciadas sete associa??es. A dimens?o de QVT mais afetada pela inser??o de m?sica no trabalho foi a Psicol?gica, seguida da dimens?o Organizacional. Conclui-se que a inser??o musical proporciona bem-estar biol?gico, social, e, sobretudo, psicol?gico e organizacional aos colaboradores, contribuindo para a obten??o de QVT no ambiente laboral pesquisado. Contudo, faz-se necess?rio considerar o contexto e proceder a planejamento e ajustes peri?dicos na forma de inser??o musical, de modo a evitar danos ? sa?de e ao bem-estar das pessoas no trabalho
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Hoffmann, Franca Karoline Olga. "Keller-Segel-type models and kinetic equations for interacting particles : long-time asymptotic analysis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/269646.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis consists of three parts: The first and second parts focus on long-time asymptotics of macroscopic and kinetic models respectively, while in the third part we connect these regimes using different scaling approaches. (1) Keller–Segel-type aggregation-diffusion equations: We study a Keller–Segel-type model with non-linear power-law diffusion and non-local particle interaction: Does the system admit equilibria? If yes, are they unique? Which solutions converge to them? Can we determine an explicit rate of convergence? To answer these questions, we make use of the special gradient flow structure of the equation and its associated free energy functional for which the overall convexity properties are not known. Special cases of this family of models have been investigated in previous works, and this part of the thesis represents a contribution towards a complete characterisation of the asymptotic behaviour of solutions. (2) Hypocoercivity techniques for a fibre lay-down model: We show existence and uniqueness of a stationary state for a kinetic Fokker-Planck equation modelling the fibre lay-down process in non-woven textile production. Further, we prove convergence to equilibrium with an explicit rate. This part of the thesis is an extension of previous work which considered the case of a stationary conveyor belt. Adding the movement of the belt, the global equilibrium state is not known explicitly and a more general hypocoercivity estimate is needed. Although we focus here on a particular application, this approach can be used for any equation with a similar structure as long as it can be understood as a certain perturbation of a system for which the global Gibbs state is known. (3) Scaling approaches for collective animal behaviour models: We study the multi-scale aspects of self-organised biological aggregations using various scaling techniques. Not many previous studies investigate how the dynamics of the initial models are preserved via these scalings. Firstly, we consider two scaling approaches (parabolic and grazing collision limits) that can be used to reduce a class of non-local kinetic 1D and 2D models to simpler models existing in the literature. Secondly, we investigate how some of the kinetic spatio-temporal patterns are preserved via these scalings using asymptotic preserving numerical methods.
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Rzadca, Mark C. "Multivariate granulometry and its application to texture segmentation /." Online version of thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/12200.
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Wallace, Jensin E. "Exploring the Design Potential of Wearable Technology and Functional Fashion." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1397476921.
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Ansell, Seth. "A study of ellipsoidal variance as a function of mean CIELAB values in a textile data set /." Online version of thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/12232.
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Paudyal, Priyamvada. "Respiratory symptoms and lung function in relation to cotton dust and endotoxin exposure in textile workers in Nepal." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2011. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=166944.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Cotton workers are highly exposed to organic dust. Inhalation of cotton based particulate has been associated with various respiratory symptoms and impaired lung function. This study investigates the respiratory health profile of textile mill workers in Nepal in relation to dust and endotoxin exposure. Methods: This study was conducted in four sectors (garment, carpet, weaving and recycling) of the textile industry in Kathmandu, Nepal. A total of 938 individuals completed a health questionnaire and performed spirometry. A subset of 384 workers performed cross-shift spirometry. Personal exposure to inhalable dust and airborne endotoxin was measured during a full-shift for a 114 workers. Results: Geometric mean concentrations of personal exposure to cotton dust and endotoxin were 0.81 mg/m3 and 2160 EU/m3 respectively. Overall prevalence of persistent cough, persistent phlegm, wheeze, breathlessness and chest tightness were 8.5%, 12.5%, 3.2%, 6.5%and 3.6% respectively. Symptoms were most common among the recyclers and less in the garment sector. Exposure to inhalable dust significantly predicted the symptoms of persistent cough and chest tightness. Significant cross-shift reduction in FEV1, FVC, and FEF25_75 were measured in the textile workers (p<0.001 for all); reductions being greater in the recyclers (-143 ml) and smallest in the garment workers (-38 ml) (p=0.012). Cross-shift reduction in FEV1 was significantly predicated by exposure to inhalable dust. Exposure to endotoxin did not correlate with any of the respiratory symptoms nor to lung function. Conclusion: The measured association between exposure to inhalable dust and reporting of respiratory symptoms and lung function suggests that despite high levels of endotoxin exposures, inhalable dust is the driver for these effects and attention should turn to what might be the toxic component in this dust other than endotoxin.
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Langston, Teresa Lynn. "Information infrastructure for the 21st Century apparel enterprise : customer-focused manufacturing and distribution." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/8582.
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Kazazoglu, Ender. "The functional analysis of mandibular movements during mastication related to dental state and food texture." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285602.
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Papantoniou, Ioannis, Catherine Papanicolaou, and Thanasis Triantafillou. "Optimum design of one way concrete slabs cast against Textile Reinforced Concrete Stay-in-Place Formwork Elements." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1244051009995-91187.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study presents a conceptual design process for one-way reinforced concrete slabs cast over Textile Reinforced Concrete (TRC) Stay-in-Place (SiP) formwork elements, aiming at the minimization of the composite slab cost satisfying Ultimate Limit State (ULS) and Serviceability Limit State (SLS) design criteria. The thin-walled TRC element is considered to participate in the structural behaviour of the composite slab. This distinct function of the TRC element (as formwork and as a part of a composite element) distinguishes the design procedure into two States: a Temporary and a Permanent one. Design parameters such as the type of the textile reinforcement (material), the geometry of the TRC cross-section, the flexural strength of the fine-grained concrete in the TRC element and the compressive strength of the cast in-situ concrete are considered as the main optimization variables.
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Morita, Takeshi. "Function and acuity of the rat vibrissa system during texture discrimination." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p1457307.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (M.S.)--University of California, San Diego, 2008.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed November 6, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Includes bibliographical references.
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Lejonklev, Johan. "Possibilities to Vary the Functional Properties of Yellow Cheese by Using Different Vegetable Fats." Thesis, University of Kalmar, University of Kalmar, University of Kalmar, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-1073.
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Groenendyk, Derek G., Ty P. A. Ferré, Kelly R. Thorp, and Amy K. Rice. "Hydrologic-Process-Based Soil Texture Classifications for Improved Visualization of Landscape Function." Public Library of Science, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621327.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
UA Open Access Publishing FundSoils lie at the interface between the atmosphere and the subsurface and are a key component that control ecosystem services, food production, and many other processes at the Earth’s surface. There is a long-established convention for identifying and mapping soils by texture. These readily available, georeferenced soil maps and databases are used widely in environmental sciences. Here, we show that these traditional soil classifications can be inappropriate, contributing to bias and uncertainty in applications from slope stability to water resource management. We suggest a new approach to soil classification, with a detailed example from the science of hydrology. Hydrologic simulations based on common meteorological conditions were performed using HYDRUS-1D, spanning textures identified by the United States Department of Agriculture soil texture triangle. We consider these common conditions to be: drainage from saturation, infiltration onto a drained soil, and combined infiltration and drainage events. Using a k-means clustering algorithm, we created soil classifications based on the modeled hydrologic responses of these soils. The hydrologic-process-based classifications were compared to those based on soil texture and a single hydraulic property, Ks. Differences in classifications based on hydrologic response versus soil texture demonstrate that traditional soil texture classification is a poor predictor of hydrologic response. We then developed a QGIS plugin to construct soil maps combining a classification with georeferenced soil data from the Natural Resource Conservation Service. The spatial patterns of hydrologic response were more immediately informative, much simpler, and less ambiguous, for use in applications ranging from trafficability to irrigation management to flood control. The ease with which hydrologic-process-based classifications can be made, along with the improved quantitative predictions of soil responses and visualization of landscape function, suggest that hydrologic-process-based classifications should be incorporated into environmental process models and can be used to define application-specific maps of hydrologic function.
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Baiocco, Serena. "Analysis of morphological and functional heterogeneity in ct perfusion images of lung tumours." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/7085/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Questa tesi si propone di innovare lo stato dell’arte dei metodi di analisi dell’eterogeneità in lesioni polmonari attualmente utilizzati, affiancando l’analisi funzionale (emodinamica) a quella morfologica, grazie allo sviluppo di nuove feature specifiche. Grazie alla collaborazione tra il Computer Vision Group (CVG) dell’Università di Bologna e l’Unità Operativa di Radiologia dell’IRCCS-IRST di Meldola (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico – Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori), è stato possibile analizzare un adeguato numero di casi reali di pazienti affetti da lesioni polmonari primitive, effettuando un’analisi dell’eterogeneità sia su sequenze di immagini TC baseline sia contrast-enhanced, consentendo quindi un confronto tra eterogeneità morfologica e funzionale. I risultati ottenuti sono infine discussi sulla base del confronto con le considerazioni di natura clinica effettuate in cieco da due esperti radiologi dell’IRCCS-IRST.
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Zhang, Yonggen, Marcel G. Schaap, Alberto Guadagnini, and Shlomo P. Neuman. "Inverse modeling of unsaturated flow using clusters of soil texture and pedotransfer functions." AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622504.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Characterization of heterogeneous soil hydraulic parameters of deep vadose zones is often difficult and expensive, making it necessary to rely on other sources of information. Pedotransfer functions (PTFs) based on soil texture data constitute a simple alternative to inverse hydraulic parameter estimation, but their accuracy is often modest. Inverse modeling entails a compromise between detailed description of subsurface heterogeneity and the need to restrict the number of parameters. We propose two methods of parameterizing vadose zone hydraulic properties using a combination of k-means clustering of kriged soil texture data, PTFs, and model inversion. One approach entails homogeneous and the other heterogeneous clusters. Clusters may include subdomains of the computational grid that need not be contiguous in space. The first approach homogenizes within-cluster variability into initial hydraulic parameter estimates that are subsequently optimized by inversion. The second approach maintains heterogeneity through multiplication of each spatially varying initial hydraulic parameter by a scale factor, estimated a posteriori through inversion. This allows preserving heterogeneity without introducing a large number of adjustable parameters. We use each approach to simulate a 95 day infiltration experiment in unsaturated layered sediments at a semiarid site near Phoenix, Arizona, over an area of 50 x 50 m(2) down to a depth of 14.5 m. Results show that both clustering approaches improve simulated moisture contents considerably in comparison to those based solely on PTF estimates. Our calibrated models are validated against data from a subsequent 295 day infiltration experiment at the site.
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Altamirano, Fortoul Rossana del Carmen. "Modulation of the physico-chemical and functional properties of bread by applying surface treatments." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/33398.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
El pan es un alimento de gran consumo desde la antigüedad, obtenido de
un proceso de panificación dinámico. Una de las innovaciones de mayor
éxito en panificación ha sido el pan parcialmente cocido obtenido por la
tecnología de panificación interrumpida que proporciona pan crujiente en
cualquier momento del día. La crujibilidad es el atributo más demandado
por los consumidores en el pan crujiente fresco. Desafortunadamente, la
crujibilidad es percibida por corto tiempo después del horneado y la
pérdida de ésta es uno de los atributos que causa rechazo en los
consumidores. El objetivo de esta investigación fue la modulación de las
propiedades físico-químicas y funcionales del pan mediante la aplicación
de tratamientos de superficie con el fin de comprender las características
de la corteza y el desarrollo de productos de pan con un valor agregado.
Para abordar dicho objetivo se han realizado estudios para determinar el
impacto de la adición de vapor, durante el horneado, sobre las
propiedades mecánicas de la corteza y para evaluar la influencia de estas
propiedades en los parámetros de calidad utilizando diferentes panes
comerciales. Además se han realizado estudios para modular las
propiedades de la corteza dirigidos a entender su microestructura y
modificarla mediante tratamientos enzimáticos con amiloglucosidasa o
con un recubrimiento funcional, con la finalidad de modificar la
permeabilidad de la corteza u obtener panes probióticos.
Los resultados mostraron que la cantidad de vapor utilizada durante la
cocción (100, 200 y 400 ml) modificaron las propiedades físico-químicas
y mecánicas así como la estructura de la corteza del pan. Los parámetros
de calidad permitieron la diferenciación de variedades de pan
parcialmente cocido, específicamente las propiedades mecánicas de la
corteza junto con el volumen específico, dureza y estructura de la miga.
Sin embargo, la textura de la corteza de pan fue significativamente
dependiente de las condiciones de ensayo (velocidad y sección de la
sonda). Los resultados mostraron que la velocidad más baja (0,5 mm / s)
dio información acerca de la estructura celular de la corteza relacionada
con la textura crujiente. Por otra parte, la estructura celular fue modificada por la amiloglucosidasa pulverizada sobre la superficie del
pan antes de la cocción, lo que condujo a una disminución en el
contenido de agua y actividad del agua de la corteza, lo cual se requiere
para extender crujibilidad. La aplicación de recubrimientos comestibles
con L. acidophilus microencapsulado sobre la superficie pan (disperso o
en multicapa) garantizó la supervivencia del microorganismo después
del tiempo de cocción y almacenamiento, a pesar de que estos
disminuyeron la fuerza de fractura y actividad de agua de la corteza. El
análisis de microestructura demostró la presencia de microcapsulas
dispersas en la corteza de pan. Por lo tanto, L. acidophilus incluido en
microcápsulas pueden ser incorporado en la superficie de pan a través de
recubrimientos comestibles, abriendo la posibilidad de obtener panes
funcionales.Altamirano Fortoul, RDC. (2013). Modulation of the physico-chemical and functional properties of bread by applying surface treatments [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/33398
TESIS
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Enlund, Linnea, and Andrea Forssman. "Reducering av mängden topcoat vid beläggning av textil : En undersökning kring det tvärbindande skiktets inverkan på en belagd produkts funktionalitet." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-520.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
En funktionsbeläggning består av ett polymert material som beläggs till en textil yta. Denna typ av beläggning används för funktionsplagg och det belagda materialet har som uppgift att skydda användaren från vatten samtidigt som den har god ånggenomsläpplighet. För att tvärbinda funktionsbeläggningen och öka dess hållfasthet appliceras ett översta skikt av polymer som kallas topcoat. En topcoat innehåller tvärbindande ämnen som till exempel isocyanater eller formaldehyd. Dessa ämnen är mycket miljö- och hälsoskadliga. Denna studie har genomförts i syfte att undersöka möjligheten till en reducering av mängden topcoat och därmed minskning av skadliga kemikalier, i en funktionsbeläggning. En mikroporös polyuretanbeläggning applicerades på en polyesterväv med valsrakling. Därefter belades två vattenbaserade topcoats innehållande olika tvärbindare: en med formaldehyd och en med isocyanater, genom luftrakling. Genom att späda den ena topcoaten med olika mängd vatten, variera lutningen av beläggningskniven och ändra knivens tryck mot väven vid beläggning utvecklades sex olika material. Väven med beläggning och olika variation av topcoat testades sedan med avseende på kvalitet. Tester av materialens vattentäthet, ånggenomsläpplighet och nöthållfasthet utfördes. Mängden applicerad topcoat undersöktes genom areaviktoch tjockleksmätning. De belagda ytorna granskades i mikroskop för att analysera eventuella variationer mellan materialen. De belagda materialen var inte vattentäta (<100 cm vattenpelare). Studien visar dock att materialet belagt med en formaldehydbaserad topcoat som spätts med 68 % vatten visar statistiskt säkerställt högre medelvärde i vattentäthetstestet, jämfört med det material som belagts på samma vis men med den ospädda varianten av samma topcoat. Resultaten från areavikts- samt tjockleksmätningen visade inte med säkerhet om vinkeln på knivens lutning eller dess tryck mot väven hade någon påverkan på mängden topcoat som belades. Alla material med de spädda varianterna av topcoat visade god ånggenomsläpplighet, vilken också förbättrades avsevärt efter tvätt samtidigt som materialens vattentäthet inte försämrades i samma skala. Detta resultat är mycket intressant då bibehållen vattentäthet i kombination med god ånggenomsläpplighet efter tvätt är en viktig egenskap för funktionsbeläggningar. Slutledningsvis visar resultaten på möjligheter i att späda topcoaten innan applicering och därigenom uppnå intressanta materialegenskaper i kombination med minskad kemikalieanvändning. Vidare undersökningar krävs dock för att säkerställa eftersträvad vattentät funktion.
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Rubner, Isabel. ""Fitness follows function?" eine fachintegrative Unterrichtskonzeption im Hinblick auf mögliche Synergieeffekte in den Fachdisziplinen Haushalt und Textil." Göttingen Cuvillier, 2008. http://d-nb.info/990426602/04.
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Snedker, Christine. "Knitted objects : Exploring flat knitting as a technique to design form." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-22014.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This work places itself in the field of textile design, knitting and three-dimensional objects. The primary motive is to investigate flat knitting as a technique to design form. The aim is to explore the possibilities within flat knitting in order to explore the relationship between knit and non-textile components to achieve three-dimensional forms for sitting. The design process consisted of experimental sketching on a flat knitting machine and small prototypes were produced. Rib, plain knit and mesh structures were tested in combination with partial knit, intarsia and plating. These bindings and techniques were combined with steel constructions to explore possibilities for shaping and function. By integrating a non-textile component as support in the knitted samples three-dimensional objects are created. The outcome of the study is a collection of knitted objects. Common for these is that they all suggest a function in relation to seating. The textile in the construction serves a function, an aesthetic expression and as the connection material in the construction. For further development, the possibility of creating textiles for furniture with capabilities for changes in expression and function can be explored.
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Piffet, Loïc. "Décomposition d’image par modèles variationnels : débruitage et extraction de texture." Thesis, Orléans, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ORLE2053/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cette thèse est consacrée dans un premier temps à l’élaboration d’un modèle variationnel dedébruitage d’ordre deux, faisant intervenir l’espace BV 2 des fonctions à hessien borné. Nous nous inspirons ici directement du célèbre modèle de Rudin, Osher et Fatemi (ROF), remplaçant la minimisation de la variation totale de la fonction par la minimisation de la variation totale seconde, c’est à dire la variation totale de ses dérivées. Le but est ici d’obtenir un modèle aussi performant que le modèle ROF, permettant de plus de résoudre le problème de l’effet staircasing que celui-ci engendre. Le modèle que nous étudions ici semble efficace, entraînant toutefois l’apparition d’un léger effet de flou. C’est afin de réduire cet effet que nous introduisons finalement un modèle mixte, permettant d’obtenir des solutions à la fois non constantes par morceaux et sans effet de flou au niveau des détails. Dans une seconde partie, nous nous intéressons au problème d’extraction de texture. Un modèle reconnu comme étant l’un des plus performants est le modèle T V -L1, qui consiste simplement à remplacer dans le modèle ROF la norme L2 du terme d’attache aux données par la norme L1. Nous proposons ici une méthode originale permettant de résoudre ce problème utilisant des méthodes de Lagrangien augmenté. Pour les mêmes raisons que dans le cas du débruitage, nous introduisons également le modèle T V 2-L1, consistant encore une fois à remplacer la variation totale par la variation totale seconde. Un modèle d’extraction de texture mixte est enfin très brièvement introduit. Ce manuscrit est ponctué d’un vaste chapitre dédié aux tests numériquesThis thesis is devoted in a first part to the elaboration of a second order variational modelfor image denoising, using the BV 2 space of bounded hessian functions. We here take a leaf out of the well known Rudin, Osher and Fatemi (ROF) model, where we replace the minimization of the total variation of the function with the minimization of the second order total variation of the function, that is to say the total variation of its partial derivatives. The goal is to get a competitive model with no staircasing effect that generates the ROF model anymore. The model we study seems to be efficient, but generates a blurry effect. In order to deal with it, we introduce a mixed model that permits to get solutions with no staircasing and without blurry effect on details. In a second part, we take an interset to the texture extraction problem. A model known as one of the most efficient is the T V -L1 model. It just consits in replacing the L2 norm of the fitting data term with the L1 norm.We propose here an original way to solve this problem by the use of augmented Lagrangian methods. For the same reason than for the denoising case, we also take an interest to the T V 2-L1 model, replacing again the total variation of the function by the second order total variation. A mixed model for texture extraction is finally briefly introduced. This manuscript ends with a huge chapter of numerical tests
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Cyrnerová, Jana. "MOSILANA BRNO." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216067.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Subject of master thesis is urban nad architecture study of former textile factory area and land along the street Křenová. The main theme of the solution is integration and rehabilitation of the contemporary building into organism of the city and susceptible addition of new masses which is based on the principles of compact city. Emphasis is also put on increasing throughput and quality of public spaces, which is missing nowadays. In detail I am focused on new buildings – the residential house on the green parking platform, row houses along the river Ponávka and alternative conversion of fomer Dye House into Mother Center. The aim is to propose some alternative to currently inappropriate land use and invention based on the Regional Plan.
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Azari, Banafsheh Verfasser], Charles A. [Akademischer Betreuer] Wüthrich, and Sven [Akademischer Betreuer] [Bertel. "Bidirectional Texture Functions: Acquisition, Rendering and Quality Evaluation / Banafsheh Azari ; Charles A. Wüthrich, Sven Bertel." Weimar : Bauhaus-Universität , Professur Graphische Datenverarbeitung, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1175585513/34.
Повний текст джерела
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Mendoza, Luz Esmeralda Roman. "Funcionalização de tecidos têxteis com nanopartículas para proteção UV." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/100/100133/tde-14062018-161627/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nos últimos anos no Brasil, instituições como o Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva e o Ministério da Saúde, reportaram o aumento de casos de câncer de pele. O câncer de pele é uma das doenças mais comuns a nível mundial e pode estar relacionado à exposição à radiação ultravioleta (UV). O objetivo do presente trabalho foi realizar a funcionalização de tecidos sarja 100% algodão com nanopartículas (NPs) de óxido de zinco (ZnO), as quais possuem propriedades para aplicação como protetor solar, melhorando desta forma as características de proteção à radiação UV do algodão. As NPs de ZnO foram sintetizadas pelo processo de precipitação, empregando nitrato de zinco hexahidratado (Zn(NO3)2.6H2O) e hidróxido de sódio (NaOH). A síntese in situ das NPs de ZnO sobre os tecidos foi realizada por meio do processo de esgotamento, usando o equipamento de tingimento têxtil HT (High Temperature). Para este processo foram utilizadas diferentes concentrações de Zn(NO3)2.6H2O (2, 5, 8 e 10% sobre a massa do tecido) e NaOH (0,7; 1,6; 2,5 e 3,0 g/L), respectivamente. A avaliação do fator de proteção UV (FPU) e os testes de resistência à lavagem dos tecidos foram realizados segundo normas as AATCC 183:2004 e AATCC 61:1996, respectivamente. Foram promovidas também aplicações de resinas têxteis comerciais sobre os tecidos funcionalizados e determinação das propriedades físicas. Além disso, foram realizadas caracterizações de vibração molecular, estruturais e morfológicas das NPs de ZnO e para os tecidos funcionalizados foram efetuadas caracterizações estruturais, morfológicas e térmicas. Os resultados mostraram que tanto as NPs de ZnO como as sintetizadas in situ sobre os tecidos apresentaram estrutura cristalina hexagonal wurtzite. As NPs de ZnO mostraram uma morfologia de estrela com pontas muito protuberantes enquanto que as NPs sintetizadas no tecido apresentaram morfologia similar, mas com pontas pequenas. Para todas as concentrações de nitrato de zinco estudadas, antes e após as 20 lavagens, o FPU dos tecidos funcionalizados com NPs de ZnO tiveram categoria de proteção UV entre boa e excelenteIn Brazil, institutions such as the José Alencar Gomes da Silva National Cancer Institute (INCA) and the Brazilian Ministry of Health reported increase and appearance of new types of cancer in recent years. Skin cancer is the most common type of disease worldwide and generally might be related to the exposure of the skin to ultraviolet (UV) radiation generated by the sun. The objective of this work was to perform the functionalization of 100% cotton woven fabrics with zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), which has interesting properties for applications as solar protector, thus improving the protection characteristics of cotton against UV radiation. ZnO NPs were synthesized by the precipitation process using zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Zn(NO3)2.6H2O) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). In situ synthesis of ZnO NPs onto the fabric was carried out via exhaust dyeing method, using the textile High Temperature (HT) dyeing machine. For this process, different concentrations of Zn(NO3)2.6H2O (2, 5, 8 and 10% on the weight of fabric) and NaOH (0.7, 1.6, 2.5 and 3.0 g/L) were used. The evaluation of UV protection factor (UPF) and wash durability tests were performed according to AATCC 183:2004 and AATCC 61:1996 standards, respectively. Commercial textile resins applications onto functionalized fabrics and determination of physical properties were also performed. In addition, molecular, structural and morphological characterizations of ZnO NPs were carried out and structural, morphological and thermal analyzes were performed for functionalized fabric. The results showed that both ZnO NPs and those in situ synthesized onto the fabric, exhibited wurtzite hexagonal crystalline structure. The ZnO NPs displayed a star-like morphology with very pronounce tips, while the NPs onto the fabric had a similar morphology but with small tips. For all concentrations of zinc nitrate studied, before and after 20 cycles washing, the UPF of cotton fabrics functionalized with ZnO NPs had an UV-protection category between good to excellent
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Galerne, Bruno. "Stochastic image models and texture synthesis." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00595283.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cette thèse est une étude de modèles d'image aléatoires avec des applications en synthèse de texture.Dans la première partie de la thèse, des algorithmes de synthèse de texture basés sur le modèle shot noise sont développés. Dans le cadre discret, deux processus aléatoires, à savoir le shot noise discret asymptotique et le bruit à phase aléatoire, sont étudiés. On élabore ensuite un algorithme rapide de synthèse de texture basé sur ces processus. De nombreuses expériences démontrent que cet algorithme permet de reproduire une certaine classe de textures naturelles que l'on nomme micro-textures. Dans le cadre continu, la convergence gaussienne des modèles shot noise est étudiée d'avantage et de nouvelles bornes pour la vitesse de cette convergence sont établies. Enfin, on présente un nouvel algorithme de synthèse de texture procédurale par l'exemple basé sur le récent modèle Gabor noise. Cet algorithme permet de calculer automatiquement un modèle procédural représentant des micro-textures naturelles.La deuxième partie de la thèse est consacrée à l'étude du processus feuilles mortes transparentes (FMT), un nouveau modèle germes-grains obtenu en superposant des objets semi-transparents. Le résultat principal de cette partie montre que, lorsque la transparence des objets varie, le processus FMT fournit une famille de modèles variant du modèle feuilles mortes à un champ gaussien. Dans la troisième partie de la thèse, les champs aléatoires à variation bornés sont étudiés et on établit des résultats généraux sur le calcul de la variation totale moyenne de ces champs. En particulier, ces résultats généraux permettent de calculer le périmètre moyen des ensembles aléatoires et de calculer explicitement la variation totale moyenne des modèles germes-grains classiques.
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CHEN, LI-CHENG, and 陳麗貞. "Global Competiveness of Taiwan's Functional Textiles-An Empirical Case of A Textile Company." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9t4b2s.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士靜宜大學
管理碩士在職專班
104
The functional textile of Taiwan benefits from the increasing demand of global market, which has been grown up continuously in recent years. However, we have to consider the issue that how to increase the quality of products and how to add the value to the products and how to widen the gap between the competitors and us when we pursuit of sales increasing. Due to the global urbanization, the climate change and the rise of awareness of environmental protection, the consumers move rapidly in cities and the demand of sports leisure lifestyle is getting more and more obvious. The requirement of wearing naturally has been increasing which makes people in this industry to develop the functional textiles, but the supply chain have to consider the end customers in order to raise the value of products. When international brand place their order, they consider what will be the demand of end customers? But we must consider “we shouldn’t develop products just because we want to develop it. We have to think how to use the existing products to develop the market.” Imagine that what the functional textile should be equipped to be the mainstream. The first is practicality, second is wearing easiness and third is the consumer acceptance. In my study, you will see the development of Taiwan functional textiles and the result is very significant. The demand of this market is regarded as an important indicator of textile industry and future development. I use A company as an example in my paper to discuss why the traditional industries can improve their quality, service and experience (feeling) and change in order to increase the value-added products. The competition in the textile market is hotting up visibly. We have to learn new knowledge from international industry, continuously develop the functional and differential textiles, leave the know-how in Taiwan and expand the market and open up more business opportunities.
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Liao, Zhe-Wei, and 廖哲緯. "The Development of Functional Textile Thickness Measuring System." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7mvdgw.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
材料科學與工程系
104
The research of this study is based on the fabric thickness, PU Breathable Fabric Coating Plant online monitoring. For the establish a fabric thickness mechatronic system, we used a contact thickness method, witch the high precision Rotary encoder, to report the digital signal, and pulse measurement, to calculate pulse by the processing software to obtain radius, converted the thickness of fabric, then Mitsubishi Programmable Logic Controller. Interface Touch Screen to collection a mechatronic system. First we develop and implement a contact thickness simulation equipment, we feed different sample measuring dynamic range to obtain standard deviation, the results are shown in histogram. Finally, we do contact thickness by using equipments in the factory. We could verify the feasibility of the proposed method as results.
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Lee, Ti-Wei, and 李得瑋. "The Strategic Marketing of Functional environmental textile chemicals." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68683972045579487421.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士德明財經科技大學
行銷管理系
104
Taiwan’s textile industry has had a complete upper-, mid-, and lower-stream production system developed since 1950’s. Taiwan textile has become one of the main supply sources for global textile consumption market, of which the functional textile is the mainstream of industrial development in Taiwan. However, in recent years, due to the rising of the environmental protection awareness and the importance of environmental textiles appreciated worldwide, functional textile chemicals used for functional textiles were banned and the functional and environmental textile chemicals are developed. The main purpose of this study is to understand the current status of functional textile chemicals and textile industry. The most appropriate marketing strategy, business planning, and management based on the industrial and corporate analysis is proposed to the functional and environmental protection textile agents for reference. The analysis performed in this study is separated into the aspect of the industry and company. The analysis of industry is based on “Michael Porter’s Five Forces Model” to understand the overall industry development and the extent of competition. The company analyzes the marketing strategy of the company based on “4C Framework of Strategic Marketing Analysis” and the four major costs, including explicit unit effectiveness cost, information search cost, moral hazard cost, and asset specificity cost; also, the company utilizes case studies as the research methods to make suggestions to the functional and environmental textile chemicals agents on their mid-term and short-term marketing strategy and management through an interview and secondary information search, compilation, and analysis. The study result is divided into theoretical implications and management implications. In terms of theoretical implications, the use of strategic marketing 4C structural analysis is proposed; also, the purchasing decision-maker is important; therefore, the purchasing decision-maker analysis is the future direction of this study. In terms of management implications, it is by identifying marketing shortcomings through an analysis and proposing a short-term marketing strategy and mid-term marketing strategy that we use for improvement in the future. Last but not the least, according to the conclusions of this study, the explicit unit effectiveness cost relies on the low-price strategy to penetrate the market rapidly in a short run, which will not only help reduce the explicit unit effectiveness cost, but also help reduce the information search cost. Moreover, taking part in textile exhibitions and letting the environmental brand suppliers designate use the product of the designated companies help reduce the information search cost. In terms of moral hazard cost, giving up the orders that do not meet customer’s satisfaction prevents the moral hazard cost arising from the failure of fulfilling customer’s satisfaction, and has the difference of effect between the product and the old functional textile chemicals minimized, in order to decrease the product price continuously, and letting the buyer’s assets specificity cost go up. The conclusions of this study can be reference for the functional and environmental textile chemicals agents. Keywords: Functional and environmental textile chemicals, environmental textile, case studies, strategic marketing, and Michael Porter’s Five Forces Model analysis