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Статті в журналах з теми "Friction, viscoelasticity, rubber compounds"
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Grosch, K. A. "The Rolling Resistance, Wear and Traction Properties of Tread Compounds." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 69, no. 3 (July 1, 1996): 495–568. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538383.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The paper gives a brief survey of the state of friction and abrasion research with a view of the possibility to use laboratory methods for the development of new compounds with optimal traction and abrasion properties. It shows that viscoelasticity plays a decisive role in friction and in this way measurements of the dynamic properties give a good indication of the possibilities for good traction properties. However, friction is still a good deal more complex than the modulus or loss factor curves. It takes in different frequency ranges and temperatures in the contact area so that a direct laboratory measurement of these properties is still very desirable. If the speed and temperature correspond to the log aTv values experienced in practice and the laboratory track structure and texture is not too far removed from that of road surfaces, the correlation with road tests is high. To simulate the structure and texture of road surfaces with durable laboratory surfaces, a combination of two surfaces may be necessary. Abrasion is not only influenced by the strength properties of the rubber but also by oxidation and thermal degradation. To give these processes the correct weight in the laboratory, the testing conditions have to be mild and a combination of several conditions is necessary in order to demonstrate the complexity of interactions, which can lead to ranking reversals. Energy dissipation, speed, and abrasive surface structure and texture are identified as prime variables to achieve a high correlation with road wear. Since viscoelasticity, encompassing not only polymer but also filler, oil-extension, curing and other compound additives, plays a major role in both friction and wear, the rolling resistance of the compound is always effected and has to be taken into account. Modern polymerization methods and new filler concepts make it possible to change the viscoelastic properties in such detail that high friction and—to the degree to which strength contributes to wear—high wear resistance can be combined with low rolling resistance. This development has certainly not reached its climax yet. Exciting times lie ahead for tire compounders, polymer- and filler chemists alike.
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Zitelli, Pablo N., Gabriel N. Curtosi, and Jorge Kuster. "Rolling Resistance Calculation Procedure Using the Finite Element Method." Tire Science and Technology 48, no. 3 (October 4, 2019): 224–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2346/tire.19.170158.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT Tire engineers are interested in predicting rolling resistance using tools such as numerical simulation and tests. When a car is driven along, its tires are subjected to repeated deformation, leading to energy dissipation as heat. Each point of a loaded tire is deformed as the tire completes a revolution. Most energy dissipation comes from the cyclic loading of the tire, which causes the rolling resistance in addition to the friction force in the contact patch between the tire and road. Rolling resistance mainly depends on the dissipation of viscoelastic energy of the rubber materials used to manufacture the tires. To obtain a good rolling resistance, the calculation method of the tire finite element model must take into account temperature changes. It is mandatory to calibrate all of the rubber compounds of the tire at different temperatures and strain frequencies. Linear viscoelasticity is used to model the materials properties and is found to be a suitable approach to tackle energy dissipation due to hysteresis for rolling resistance calculation.
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Curtosi, Gabriel N., Pablo N. Zitelli, and Jorge Kuster. "Viscoelastic Material Calibration Procedure for Rolling Resistance Calculation." Tire Science and Technology 47, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 232–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2346/tire.19.170157.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT As tire engineers, the authors are interested in predicting rolling resistance using tools such as numerical simulation and tests. When a car is driven along, its tires are subjected to repeated deformation, leading to energy dissipation as heat. Each point of a loaded tire is deformed as it completes a revolution. Most energy dissipation comes from the cyclic loading of the tire, which causes the rolling resistance in addition to the friction force in the contact patch between the tire and road. Rolling resistance mainly depends on the viscoelastic energy dissipation of the rubber materials used to manufacture the tires. To obtain an accurate amount of dissipated energy, a good understanding of the material mathematical model and its behavior is mandatory. For this reason, a calibration procedure was developed. To obtain a good method for calculating rolling resistance, it is necessary to calibrate all rubber compounds of the tire at different temperatures and strain frequencies. Thus, to validate the calibration procedure, simulations were performed to evaluate the error between the tests and models at material sample and tire levels. For implementation of the calibration procedure in the finite element models of rolling tires, a procedure is briefly described that takes into account the change in properties caused by the temperature during the simulations. Linear viscoelasticity is used to model the properties of the materials and is found to be a suitable approach to tackle energy dissipation due to hysteresis for rolling resistance calculation.
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Bhave, Tejas, Mohammad Tehrani, Muhammad Ali, and Alireza Sarvestani. "Hysteresis friction and nonlinear viscoelasticity of rubber composites." Composites Communications 9 (September 2018): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coco.2018.07.001.
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Hemette, S., J. Cayer-Barrioz, and D. Mazuyer. "Thermal effects versus viscoelasticity in ice-rubber friction mechanisms." Tribology International 162 (October 2021): 107129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2021.107129.
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Roberts, Alan D. "RUBBER CONTACT PHENOMENA." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 87, no. 3 (September 1, 2014): 383–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/rct.14.85982.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT Research on rubber wiper blades led to the establishment of the now widely used Johnson, Kendall, Roberts (JKR) equilibrium equation that determines the strength of adhesion between surfaces. The equation was adapted to allow for the viscoelasticity of rubber, leading to explanations of how adhesion can impact on tack; rebound resilience; and rolling, static, and sliding friction. The adhesion of rubber to ice was found to depend on salt concentration in the ice, thus providing insight into winter tire performance. The development of optical techniques has greatly aided studies, particularly for measuring the thickness of thin liquid films sandwiched between rubber surfaces. Measurements on water films squeezed between rubber and glass revealed the action of repulsive surface forces that can reduce adhesion and friction. The efficacy of water lubrication depends upon whether surfactants are present and upon the acidity or alkalinity of the water. Improved understanding of adhesion and friction mechanisms offers design guidance for a range of rubber articles.
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Sullivan, J. L., and K. A. Mazich. "Nonseparable Behavior in Rubber Viscoelasticity." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 62, no. 1 (March 1, 1989): 68–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3536236.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract New large-strain rubber viscoelasticity results for a filled and an unfilled IIR vulcanizate and previously published results for two NR gum vulcanizates have been discussed. The data show that the “mixed” response functions of large-strain stress relaxation, and the incremental storage and relaxation moduli do not demonstrate factorizability of time and strain effects. This is a consequence of the elastic and relaxation contributions in each of the mixed functions being different. The incremental dynamic data also show that the loss modulus for the filled IIR and unfilled NR vulcanizates (unavailable for the unfilled IIR) are separable functions of time and strain. This directly shows that the relaxation spectra for the filled IIR and unfilled NR vulcanizates are independent of strain for the deformations studied. In fact, it is argued that a necessary and sufficient condition for the relaxation spectrum to be independent of strain is that the loss modulus is a factorizable function of time and strain effects. The quantitative success of the Generalized Solid-Liquid (GSL) model in representing the viscoelastic behavior of the gum NR vulcanizate has been reviewed. Although the GSL model applies only to unfilled vulcanizates, it has also been successfully used to qualitatively interpret the results for the filled IIR compounds. Both successes are attributed to the physical assumptions intrinsic to the GSL model; more specifically, 1) the relaxation spectrum is independent of the state of strain, and 2) the deformational dependences of elastic and relaxation contributions to the overall response of the system need not be the same. Physical arguments justifying these assumptions have been covered. It has also been shown with the aid of the GSL model, that a material might exist which demonstrates factorizability in stress relaxation and incremental loss modulus behaviors but nonfactorizability in the incremental storage and relaxation moduli.
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Schapery, R. A. "The effect of global viscoelasticity on rubber friction with Schallamach waves." Tribology International 148 (August 2020): 106306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2020.106306.
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Falk, Korbinian, Ronny Lang, and Michael Kaliske. "Multiscale Simulation to Determine Rubber Friction on Asphalt Surfaces." Tire Science and Technology 44, no. 4 (October 1, 2016): 226–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2346/tire.16.440401.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT The interaction between rubber and asphalt pavement depends on the roughness characteristics of the road surface, as well as the contact pressure, slip velocity, and temperature. A homogenization procedure of rubber friction, based on the finite element method, is presented, in order to gain surface dependent friction properties by numerical simulation. Furthermore, the method allows a deep insight into microscale phenomena, like real contact area, microscopic contact pressure, or flash temperature. Rubber undergoes large deformations in contact with rough surfaces. Therefore, the material characteristics of rubber need to be modeled by hyperelasticity and viscoelasticity at finite deformations and dependent on temperature. Thus, hysteresis friction, originating in energy dissipation of the bulk material, i.e., the viscoelastic properties, is evaluated. Adhesion friction is a phenomenon associated with the real contact area and is included in the proposed methodology by a physically motivated, fracture mechanical approach. The resulting macroscopic friction features are validated by experiments based on a linear friction tester. Analytical state of the art solutions are compared with the numerical results.
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Tolpekina, T. V., and B. N. J. Persson. "Adhesion and Friction for Three Tire Tread Compounds." Lubricants 7, no. 3 (February 26, 2019): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants7030020.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We study the adhesion and friction for three tire tread rubber compounds. The adhesion study is for a smooth silica glass ball in contact with smooth sheets of the rubber in dry condition and in water. The friction studies are for rubber sliding on smooth glass, concrete, and asphalt road surfaces. We have performed the Leonardo da Vinci-type friction experiments and experiments using a linear friction tester. On the asphalt road, we also performed vehicle breaking distance measurements. The linear and non-linear viscoelastic properties of the rubber compounds were measured in shear and tension modes using two different Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) instruments. The surface topography of all surfaces was determined using stylus measurements and scanned-in silicon rubber replicas. The experimental data were analyzed using the Persson contact mechanics and rubber friction theory.
Дисертації з теми "Friction, viscoelasticity, rubber compounds"
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Missale, Elena. "Numerical and experimental investigation of tyre compounds frictional properties." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/327693.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The thesis aims to study the effects of the mixing of immiscible polymers on the frictional properties of rubber compounds. The novelty of this work is to consider the rubber as a heterogeneous material in which the microscopic inhomogeneities are the domains generated from the mixing of immiscible compounds. Systematic experimental tests are performed to investigate the frictional properties of two different groups of tyre compounds, both provided by Pirelli Tyre S.p.A. The first group is represented by the homogeneous compounds realized by using Natural Rubber (NR) or Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) and different amounts of filler and Sulphur. The second group considers heterogeneous compounds, generated by mixing in different percentages the homogeneous compounds, to obtain compounds characterized by microscopic domains of NR and SBR. The experimental outcomes proved that the presence of domains increases the friction coefficients. A Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) is performed to correlate the dynamic properties of the specimens with the friction coefficient. The results of the DMA of the homogeneous compounds agree with the frictional properties while the heterogeneous compounds show intermediate dynamical properties in contrast with the frictional results. The DMA is not able to recognize the microscopic domains of the heterogeneous compounds interpreting the system as a uniform material, suggesting that more complex dynamics arise during the sliding. The dependence of friction on the composition of the material is also investigated by using a numerical approach. For this purpose, a straightforward model is chosen to investigate numerically the frictional behaviour of a rubber material starting from the microscopic properties. The model is discretized as a chain of blocks connected by springs and dampers. Playing with the microscopic parameters of the model, such as the elastic modulus and the damping coefficient, it is possible to link the macroscopic frictional response of the bulk to the microscopic characteristics that locally describes the interactions between the blocks. Firstly, the frictional properties of compounds characterized by i) uniformly distributed viscoelastic or elastic elements and ii) a combination of purely elastic and viscoelastic elements randomly distributed is compared. The numerical outcomes reveal an increase of the frictional properties for samples realized by mixing elastic and viscoelastic elements pointing out that the presence of different domains due to the mixing of two immiscible materials, affects the macroscopic frictional response. Secondly, a comparison between the experiments and the numerical simulations is performed to verify if the 1D model can correctly predict the observed experimental behaviour. The 1D model, in its simplicity, is unable to predict the increase of frictional properties observed experimentally testing the heterogeneous compounds, confirming that more complex interactions influence the friction as suggested by the DMA.
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Bhave, Tejas N. "Effect of Material Nonlinearity on Rubber Friction." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou14798628516789.
Повний текст джерела
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Magill, Samantha Anne. "Study of A Direct Measuring Skin Friction Gage with Rubber Compounds for Damping." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34391.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A study was conducted on the measurement of skin friction, the least under-stood component of drag. Skin friction is considered the "last frontier" in drag reduction for supersonic flight, but to understand skin friction, it must be accurately measured. This study utilized the direct measuring technique for skin friction. A small de-vice, termed a skin friction gage, measures the stress on a cantilever beam topped with a movable surface piece as a shear flow passes over the flush surface. The improvement of these devices for various flow fields is ongoing. A problem that arose with many designs was leakage of a gap-filling liquid. The typical direct measuring skin friction gage uses oil in a gap between the cantilever beam and the encasement to dampen vibrations, to create an even flow over the surface, and for temperature compensation. In high speed testing the oil leaks out; therefore, a gage with rubber to fill the gap instead of oil was introduced
This study employed a finite element method model to fully understand the strains involved with the rubber and the skin friction gage. The development of a calibration device, called the Calibration Rig, for the rubber skin friction gages was constructed. The Calibration Rig was successful, but deemed to be more cumbersome than initially expected. This led to the development of a thin rubber sheet to cover the face of the gage instead of rubber filling the entire gap. More finite element method modeling was done to finalize the design of a gage with a rubber sheet. The design consisted of a plastic skin friction gage with an approximately 0.015 in. thick rubber sheet, a 0.0625 in. wide gap between the floating head on the cantilever beam and the encasement to be filled with oil, and semi-conductor strain gages to measure the beam deflection.
Vibration tests were performed to determine if the rubber sheet produced the required damping. These tests were successful, and so much so, that the oil for damping was not necessary. However, supersonic wind tunnel tests at Mach 2.4 which were done at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, initially yielded unfavorable results. The rubber sheet failed during the violent process of starting and unstarting of the tunnel. More study on the adhesive mounting of the rubber sheet to the skin friction gage face is needed.Master of Science
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Khan, Mohammad. "Friction, wear and mechanical properties of electron beam modified PTFE-based rubber compounds." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1240573202942-00405.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Die inhärenten elastomeren Eigenschaften von Gummiwerkstoffen sind im Vergleich zu Thermoplasten in vielen Spezialanwendungen vorteilhaft. Jedoch sind ihre schlechten Reibungs- und Verschleißeigenschaften ein wesentlicher Nachteil besonders bei tribologischen Anwendungen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden Reibung, Verschleiß und mechanische Eigenschaften von Gummiwerkstoffen, die Polytetrafluorethylen(PFTE)-Pulver enthalten, untersucht. Hauptziel war dabei die Verbesserung der Reibungs- und Verschleißeigenschaften bei weiterer Erhöhung der mechanischen Eigenschaften der Elastomere. Es ist bekannt, dass sich Reibungs- und Verschleißeigenschaften gummiähnlicher Materialien in vielfältiger Weise von den Reibungseigenschaften der meisten anderen Festkörper unterscheiden. Die Gründe dafür sind das viskoelastische Verhalten und der sehr geringe elastische Modul von Gummi. Die Verwendung von mit Elektronen modifizierten PTFE-Pulvern in Ethylen-Propylen-Dien-Monomer (EPDM) Kautschuken führt zu einer signifikanten Reduzierung der Reibung, Erhöhung der Verschleißfestigkeit und gleichzeitig zu verbesserten mechanischen Eigenschaften in Folge einer speziellen chemischen Kopplung zwischen dem modifiziertem PTFE-Pulver und dem EPDM. Gummirezeptur, Vernetzungsmethode und die viskoelastischen Materialeigenschaften beeinflussen wesentlich die tribologischen und mechanischen Eigenschaften. Morphologie, Dispersion und die chemische Kopplung des PTFE-Pulvers haben einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Reibungs- und Verschleißverhalten. Die viskoelastischen Materialeigenschaften, d.h. Härte, E-Modul und tan delta (Verlustfaktor) der Gummimischungen sind kritische Parameter und erfordern deshalb eine Optimierung. In dieser Arbeit wurden zwei Modellsysteme untersucht, die auf zwei unterschiedlichen Kautschuktypen basieren: a) Ethylen-Propylene-Diene-Monomer (EPDM) Kautschuk und b) Polychloropren Kautschuk (CR)The inherent elastomeric properties of rubber compounds in comparison to thermoplastics are advantageous in many special purpose applications. However, their characteristic poor friction and wear properties are of prime concern especially in tribological applications. In the present work, friction, wear and mechanical properties of rubber compounds based on PTFE powder have been investigated. The main aim was to improve the friction and wear properties while further enhancing the mechanical properties of rubber compounds. As known, friction and wear behaviour of rubber-like materials differ in many ways from the frictional properties of most other solids. The reason for this is the high viscoelasticity and very low elastic modulus of rubber. The use of electron-modified PTFE powder in EPDM results in significant improvement in reducing friction, enhancing wear resistance and simultaneously improving mechanical properties due to specific chemical coupling between modified PTFE powder and EPDM. The rubber formulation, crosslinking mode and bulk viscoelastic properties strongly influences friction, wear and mechanical properties. The morphology, dispersion, and specific chemical coupling of PTFE powder play a significant role on friction and wear behaviour. The bulk viscoelastic properties, i.e. hardness, modulus and tan delta (loss factor) of the compounds are critical parameters and therefore, requires optimization. In this work two model systems based on two different rubber matrixes i.e. Ethylene-Propylene-Diene-Monomer (EPDM) and Chloroprene (CR) rubber have been investigated
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Khan, Mohammad. "Friction, wear and mechanical properties of electron beam modified PTFE-based rubber compounds." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2008. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A23677.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Die inhärenten elastomeren Eigenschaften von Gummiwerkstoffen sind im Vergleich zu Thermoplasten in vielen Spezialanwendungen vorteilhaft. Jedoch sind ihre schlechten Reibungs- und Verschleißeigenschaften ein wesentlicher Nachteil besonders bei tribologischen Anwendungen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden Reibung, Verschleiß und mechanische Eigenschaften von Gummiwerkstoffen, die Polytetrafluorethylen(PFTE)-Pulver enthalten, untersucht. Hauptziel war dabei die Verbesserung der Reibungs- und Verschleißeigenschaften bei weiterer Erhöhung der mechanischen Eigenschaften der Elastomere. Es ist bekannt, dass sich Reibungs- und Verschleißeigenschaften gummiähnlicher Materialien in vielfältiger Weise von den Reibungseigenschaften der meisten anderen Festkörper unterscheiden. Die Gründe dafür sind das viskoelastische Verhalten und der sehr geringe elastische Modul von Gummi. Die Verwendung von mit Elektronen modifizierten PTFE-Pulvern in Ethylen-Propylen-Dien-Monomer (EPDM) Kautschuken führt zu einer signifikanten Reduzierung der Reibung, Erhöhung der Verschleißfestigkeit und gleichzeitig zu verbesserten mechanischen Eigenschaften in Folge einer speziellen chemischen Kopplung zwischen dem modifiziertem PTFE-Pulver und dem EPDM. Gummirezeptur, Vernetzungsmethode und die viskoelastischen Materialeigenschaften beeinflussen wesentlich die tribologischen und mechanischen Eigenschaften. Morphologie, Dispersion und die chemische Kopplung des PTFE-Pulvers haben einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Reibungs- und Verschleißverhalten. Die viskoelastischen Materialeigenschaften, d.h. Härte, E-Modul und tan delta (Verlustfaktor) der Gummimischungen sind kritische Parameter und erfordern deshalb eine Optimierung. In dieser Arbeit wurden zwei Modellsysteme untersucht, die auf zwei unterschiedlichen Kautschuktypen basieren: a) Ethylen-Propylene-Diene-Monomer (EPDM) Kautschuk und b) Polychloropren Kautschuk (CR).The inherent elastomeric properties of rubber compounds in comparison to thermoplastics are advantageous in many special purpose applications. However, their characteristic poor friction and wear properties are of prime concern especially in tribological applications. In the present work, friction, wear and mechanical properties of rubber compounds based on PTFE powder have been investigated. The main aim was to improve the friction and wear properties while further enhancing the mechanical properties of rubber compounds. As known, friction and wear behaviour of rubber-like materials differ in many ways from the frictional properties of most other solids. The reason for this is the high viscoelasticity and very low elastic modulus of rubber. The use of electron-modified PTFE powder in EPDM results in significant improvement in reducing friction, enhancing wear resistance and simultaneously improving mechanical properties due to specific chemical coupling between modified PTFE powder and EPDM. The rubber formulation, crosslinking mode and bulk viscoelastic properties strongly influences friction, wear and mechanical properties. The morphology, dispersion, and specific chemical coupling of PTFE powder play a significant role on friction and wear behaviour. The bulk viscoelastic properties, i.e. hardness, modulus and tan delta (loss factor) of the compounds are critical parameters and therefore, requires optimization. In this work two model systems based on two different rubber matrixes i.e. Ethylene-Propylene-Diene-Monomer (EPDM) and Chloroprene (CR) rubber have been investigated.
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Emami, Anahita. "Investigation on Physics-based Multi-scale Modeling of Contact, Friction, and Wear in Viscoelastic Materials with Application in Rubber Compounds." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/97008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This dissertation aims to contribute towards the understanding and modeling of tribological phenomena of contact, friction, and wear in viscoelastic materials with application in rubber compounds. Tribiological properties of rubber compounds are important for many applications such as tires, shoe heels and soles, wiper blades, artificial joints, O-ring seals, and so on. In all these applications, the objective is to maximize the friction coefficient to avoid slipping and reduce the wear rate to improve the life expectancy and performance of the products.
The first topic in this study focuses on a novel multiscale contact theory proposed by Persson and explains the advantages of this theory over other classical contact theories. The shortcomings of this theory are also investigated, and three methods are proposed to improve Persson's original contact model by correcting the approximation of deformation in the contact area. The first method is based on the original Greenwood and Williamson (GW) contact theory, which neglects the effect of elastic coupling between asperities. The second method is based on an improved version of GW theory, which considers the elastic coupling effect of asperities in an approximate way. The third method is based on the distribution of local peaks of asperities, which is particularly suitable to determine the fraction of a skewed height profile involved in tribological processes. This method can be implemented within the framework of other proposed methods. Since the height profiles of rough surfaces studied in this dissertation are approximately normally distributed, the second correction method is applied to the original contact model to calculate the real contact area and friction coefficient.
The second topic addresses the theoretical model of hysteresis friction in viscoelastic materials. The multiscale temperature rise of the rubber surface due to hysteresis friction is also modeled and the effect of flash temperature on the real contact area and friction coefficient is studied. Since the hysteresis friction is not the only mechanism involved in the rubber friction, a semi-empirical model is added to the hysteresis model to include the contribution of adhesion and other processes on the real contact area. Based on the improved multiscale contact theory, a pressure-dependent friction model is also developed for viscoelastic materials, which is in good agreement with experimental results.
The third topic deals with the theory of stationary crack propagation in viscoelastic materials and the effect of crack tip flash temperature on the instability of crack propagation observed in some experimental results in the literature. Initially, a theoretical model is developed to calculate the tearing energy vs crack tip velocity in a Kelvin-Voigt rubber model. Besides, two coupled iterative algorithms are developed to calculate the temperature field around the crack tip in addition to the tearing energy as a function of crack tip velocity. In this model, the effect of crack tip flash temperature on the tearing energy is considered to update the relation between tearing energy vs crack tip velocity, which also affects the flash temperature. A theoretical model is also developed to calculate the contribution of the hysteresis effect to the tearing energy vs crack tip velocity using the dynamic modulus master curve of a rubber compound. Then, the low-frequency fatigue test results are compared with the theoretical predictions and used in the framework of powdery rubber wear theory to calculate the stationary rubber wear rate due to fatigue crack propagation.
Moreover, a sliding friction and wear test set-up, with both indoor and outdoor testing capability, is developed to validate the theoretical models. The experimental results confirm that the theoretical model can successfully predict the friction coefficient when there is no trace of thermochemical degradation on the rubber surface. Investigating the wear mechanism of rubber samples on three different surfaces reveals that the contribution of fatigue wear rate is less important than other wear mechanisms such as abrasive wear due to sharp asperities or thermochemical degradation due to a significant rise of temperature on the contact area. Finally, the correlation between friction coefficient and wear rate on different surfaces is studied, and it is found that the relation between friction and wear rate strongly depends on the dominant wear mechanism, which is determined by the surface characteristics, sliding velocity, normal load, and contact flash temperature.PHD
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Cugliari, Jacopo [Verfasser]. "Investigation of contact mechanics and friction of rubber compounds by experimental techniques and numerical simulations / Jacopo Cugliari." Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1241245843/34.
Повний текст джерела
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Khan, Mohammad Sohail [Verfasser]. "Friction, wear and mechanical properties of electron beam modified PTFE-based rubber compounds / Khan, Mohammad Sohail." 2009. http://d-nb.info/995010234/34.
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Bartel, Alix. "A numerical study of the axial compressive behavior of a hyperelastic annular seal constrained in a pipe." 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/31690.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Elastomer seals are used in a variety of industries that require flow isolation. The characterization of the behavior of these seals remains largely unexplored and hence, this study is focused on simulating and validating the axial-compressive behavior of an annular rubber seal constrained concentrically in a pipe. The elastomer material composing the seal, was experimentally characterized for its mechanical, frictional, and viscoelastic properties and modelled using models developed by Yeoh, Thirion, and Prony respectively. A 2D axisymmetric finite-element model was developed using ANSYS 16 and used alongside the material models to simulate an axial load versus displacement curve, a contact pressure distribution, and a pipe hoop strain gradient. The results for quasi-static loading and viscoelastic effects agreed within 7% and 18% of the experimental results, respectively. It was observed that pipe geometry, rubber chemistry, frictional properties, and viscoelastic effects have significant effect on the compressive behavior of the seal.October 2016
Частини книг з теми "Friction, viscoelasticity, rubber compounds"
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Selles, N., P. Heuillet, B. Martin, and M. Badard. "Fatigue crack growth behavior of filled SBR compounds: Influence of viscoelasticity through frequency and temperature dependencies." In Constitutive Models for Rubber XII, 300–304. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003310266-50.
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SCHWEITZ, JAN-ÅKE, and LEIF ÅHMAN. "Mild Wear of Rubber-Based Compounds." In Friction and Wear of Polymer Composites, 289–327. Elsevier, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-42524-9.50013-2.
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Lang, A., and M. Klüppel. "General studies of hysteresis and adhesion friction using tire tread compounds on rough surfaces." In Constitutive Models for Rubber XI, 188–93. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429324710-34.
Повний текст джерела
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Carrillo Vasquez, C. "Investigation of the Effects of Road Texture on Friction Behavior for Passenger Car Tyre Rubber Compounds to Enhance Friction Characteristics on Tyre Model Simulations." In Reifen – Fahrwerk – Fahrbahn, 151–68. VDI Verlag, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/9783181023563-151.
Повний текст джерелаТези доповідей конференцій з теми "Friction, viscoelasticity, rubber compounds"
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Magill, Samantha, Matthew MacLean, Joseph Schetz, Rakesh Kapania, Alexander Sang, and Wade Pulliam. "Study of a direct measuring skin friction gage with rubber compounds for damping." In Fluids 2000 Conference and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2000-2395.
Повний текст джерела
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Morozov, A. V. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF RUBBER PROPERTIES ON SLIDING FRICTION IN DRY CONTACT." In BALTTRIB. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/balttrib.2017.25.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study is devoted to experimental research of rubber friction in sliding contact with rough surface. Influence of pressure, bulk temperature and sliding velocity on friction coefficient in dry conditions is analysed for two rubber compounds with different viscoelastic properties. Grosch method of master curves construction is used for analysing of friction measurements. Such analysis is performed for different temperatures and velocities at constant normal load. The obtained friction master curves are combined into a single friction map. The friction maps demonstrate the influence of viscoelastic properties of rubber on friction coefficient in dry rough contact. Also friction maps show the influence of adhesion and hysteresis contributions into friction coefficient for different rubber compounds.
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Mousavi, Hoda, Mohit Nitin Shenvi, and Corina Sandu. "Experimental Study for Free Rolling of Tires on Ice." In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97846.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Considering that tires play a vital role not only in the performance but also in the safety of a vehicle, studying the tire-road interaction has always been a matter of interest, specifically when the tire is travelling on icy roads. However, most of the existing studies focused on tire performance on ice for traction or braking conditions [1,2] and not many studies have been devoted to the free rolling of a tire. Considering the tire in its free rolling condition is a necessary step in assessing the friction force at the tire-ice interface, which can be used next to predict the torque to be applied on the tire in order to create a zero slip condition in the tire-ice contact patch. The zero slip condition is always difficult to obtain, as it needs a very accurate assessment of the effective rolling radius of the tire. This study is a part of a more comprehensive study to investigate the effects of different tire parameters, such as rubber compounds properties on tire performance on ice. For the work presented in this paper the main objective is benchmarking the results from existing methods for obtaining the effective rolling radius of the tire and the equivalent dynamic friction coefficient of the tire on ice. The investigation approach was to experimentally study a tire under free rolling on ice. A set of experiments were thus designed and conducted for the Standard Reference Test Tire (SRTT) on a layer of ice in the Terramechanics Rig in the Terramechanics, Multibody and Vehicle Systems laboratory (TMVS) Laboratory at Virginia Tech under different applied normal load and various inflation pressure conditions. The data collected from the tests performed was used to obtain and compare the result for effective rolling radius of the tire and equivalent friction coefficient. The data collected on the Terramechanics Rig by the 6-axis wheel load measurement system P650 by Kistler was processed to eliminate the noise of the raw data using zero-phase filtering techniques in MATLAB. Other parameters measured during the tests conducted were the tire loaded radius, the width of contact patch, and the temperature distribution in the tire-ice contact patch.