Статті в журналах: "Friction rate-and-state"

1

Sleep, Norman H. "Rake dependent rate and state friction." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 103, B4 (April 10, 1998): 7111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/98jb00199.

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2

Ozaki, Shingo, Takeru Matsuura, and Satoru Maegawa. "Rate-, state-, and pressure-dependent friction model based on the elastoplastic theory." Friction 8, no. 4 (January 4, 2020): 768–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40544-019-0321-3.

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AbstractAdhesion is one of essences with respect to rubber friction because the magnitude of the friction force is closely related to the magnitude of adhesion on a real contact area. However, the real contact area during sliding depends on the state and history of the contact surface. Therefore, the friction force occasionally exhibits rate-, state-, and pressure dependency. In this study, to rationally describe friction and simulate boundary value problems, a rate-, state-, and pressure-dependent friction model based on the elastoplastic theory was formulated. First, the evolution law for the friction coefficient was prescribed. Next, a nonlinear sliding surface (frictional criterion) was adopted, and several other evolution laws for internal state variables were prescribed. Subsequently, the typical response characteristics of the proposed friction model were demonstrated, and its validity was verified by comparing the obtained results with those of experiments conducted considering the contact surface between a rough rubber hemisphere and smooth acrylic plate.

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3

Ozaki, Shingo. "Finite Element Analysis of Rate- and State-Dependent Frictional Contact Behavior." Key Engineering Materials 462-463 (January 2011): 547–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.462-463.547.

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In the present study, the rate- and state-dependent friction model [Hashiguchi and Ozaki, 2008] is implemented in the dynamic finite element method. The typical rate- and state-dependent frictional contact problems, which are consisted by elastic and rigid bodies having simple shapes, are then analyzed by the present method. The validity of the present method for the microscopic sliding and stick-slip instability is examined under various dynamic characteristics of the system, such as contact load, elastic stiffness, driving velocity and frictional properties. It is shown that the present method can solve simultaneously not only rate- and state-dependent frictional behavior on the contact boundary but also coupling effects with internal deformations, whereas it cannot predicted by the conventional finite element analysis with the Coulomb’s friction law.

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4

D. Ghanim, Sattam, Qais ѕ. Banyhussan, and Thulfiqar А. Aboaljus. "THE PUSHOUT STRENGTH OF CONCRETE PAVEMENT SLAB AND CLAY SOIL LAYERS." Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development 25, Special (September 20, 2021): 3–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.31272/jeasd.conf.2.3.22.

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The frictional forces between the concrete slab and base has been combined with the movements of the horizontal slab that have been induced by variations of the moisture and temperature in concrete slabs. The frictional drag that acts on the slab bottom as a result of base friction is in an opposite horizontal slab displacement direction, and resist movements of the horizontal slab. A condition of smoother interface provides lower resistance to slab movement. On the other hand, rough interfaces are beneficial in the reduction of the load-related stresses. As bonding degree between slab and foundation affects the friction that has been mobilized at interface, a realistic evaluation of friction of the interface is required for the rational designs of the concrete pavement. In this work, push-off test has been performed. Based upon results of the friction tests, the friction characteristics of concrete and soil have been researched. The parameters that influence the maximal displacement and friction coefficient are (interface state, rate of movement) for friction and (rate of movement, interface condition) for the displacements, respectively. Finally, once the applied force reaches a stable state, the frictional force increases dramatically. The most important influence on this force is the interface state, which is accompanied by movement rate. The change of the interface from a smooth to a rough surface increases the overall coefficient of friction.

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5

Putelat, Thibaut, John R. Willis, and Jonathan H. P. Dawes. "Wave-modulated orbits in rate-and-state friction." International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics 47, no. 2 (March 2012): 258–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnonlinmec.2011.05.016.

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6

Gu, Jicheng. "Friction constitutive law with rate and state dependences." Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH 124, no. 4-5 (1986): 773–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00879610.

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7

Berthoud, P., T. Baumberger, C. G’Sell, and J. M. Hiver. "Physical analysis of the state- and rate-dependent friction law: Static friction." Physical Review B 59, no. 22 (June 1, 1999): 14313–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.59.14313.

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8

Rezakhani, Roozbeh, Fabian Barras, Michael Brun, and Jean-François Molinari. "Finite element modeling of dynamic frictional rupture with rate and state friction." Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 141 (August 2020): 103967. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2020.103967.

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9

NAKATANI, Masao, and Kohei NAGATA. "Rate- and State-dependent Friction and its Underlying Physics." Zisin (Journal of the Seismological Society of Japan. 2nd ser.) 61, Supplement (2009): 519–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4294/zisin.61.519.

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10

Putelat, Thibaut, and Jonathan H. P. Dawes. "Steady and transient sliding under rate-and-state friction." Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 78 (May 2015): 70–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2015.01.016.

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11

Li, Qunyang, Terry E. Tullis, David Goldsby, and Robert W. Carpick. "Frictional ageing from interfacial bonding and the origins of rate and state friction." Nature 480, no. 7376 (November 30, 2011): 233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature10589.

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12

Goldsby, David L., Andrei Rar, George M. Pharr, and Terry E. Tullis. "Nanoindentation creep of quartz, with implications for rate- and state-variable friction laws relevant to earthquake mechanics." Journal of Materials Research 19, no. 1 (January 2004): 357–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2004.19.1.357.

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The frictional behavior of rocks in the laboratory is reasonably well described by rate- and state-variable friction laws, which reproduce a rich variety of natural phenomena when used in models of earthquakes. Despite the widespread adoption of the rate and state formalism in earthquake mechanics, the physical mechanisms that occur at microscopic contacting asperities on the sliding surface, which give rise to the observed rate and state effects, are still poorly understood. In an attempt to identify these underlying mechanisms, a series of nanoindentation experiments on quartz, an abundant mineral in the earth’s crust, was conducted. These experiments demonstrate the utility of using continuous stiffness measurements as a means of obtaining reliable indentation creep data on hard materials like quartz at room temperature. The projected area of indentation in quartz increases linearly with the logarithm of the time of indentation, in agreement with the increase in real area of contact with log time inferred from slide-hold-slide friction experiments on quartz rocks. However, the increase in fractional area with time in the indentation tests was larger than that inferred from friction experiments by a factor of 1.7. Differences between the rates of fractional area increase in the two tests may indicate that the increase in contact area during the hold portion of slide-hold-slide tests was modulated by slip that occurs during reloading after the hold, as was observed for other materials. The nanoindentation results suggest that the increase in frictional strength (i.e., the increase of state in the rate- and state-variable friction laws) during slide-hold-slide friction experiments was caused by creep of the highly stressed asperity contacts.

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13

Mizushima, Ryo, and Takahiro Hatano. "Slow periodic oscillation without radiation damping: new evolution laws for rate and state friction." Geophysical Journal International 229, no. 1 (December 7, 2021): 274–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab471.

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SUMMARY The dynamics of sliding friction is mainly governed by the frictional force. Previous studies have shown that the laboratory-scale friction is well described by an empirical law stated in terms of the slip velocity and the state variable. The state variable represents the detailed physicochemical state of the sliding interface. Despite some theoretical attempts to derive this friction law, there has been no unique equation for time evolution of the state variable. Major equations known to date have their own merits and drawbacks. To shed light on this problem from a new aspect, here we investigate the feasibility of periodic motion without the help of radiation damping. Assuming a patch on which the slip velocity is perturbed from the rest of the sliding interface, we prove analytically that three major evolution laws fail to reproduce stable periodic motion without radiation damping. Furthermore, we propose two new evolution equations that can produce stable periodic motion without radiation damping. These two equations are scrutinized from the viewpoint of experimental validity and the relevance to slow earthquakes.

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14

Skarbek, Rob M., and Heather M. Savage. "RSFit3000: A MATLAB GUI-based program for determining rate and state frictional parameters from experimental data." Geosphere 15, no. 5 (September 10, 2019): 1665–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges02122.1.

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Abstract We present a MATLAB graphical user interface (GUI) software package for analyzing rate and state friction experiments. Called RSFit3000, the software allows users to easily determine frictional parameters by fitting velocity-step and slide-hold-slide events using the aging- and slip-law forms for state variable evolution. RSFit3000 includes features for removing strain hardening or weakening trends from the data, and provides options for using two state variables, applying a weighting function, and treating stiffness as a fitting parameter. Completed fits are conveniently saved in MATLAB structure arrays that contain fitted parameter values with their error intervals, and all information required to reproduce a given fit. The GUI makes the program simple to use, as all fitting tasks are completed via interaction with the interface. Here we describe how to use the software, and illustrate its flexibility and utility by analyzing two sets of synthetic friction data, as well as some previously published experimental data. Although descriptions of rate and state friction fitting routines have been published in the past, RSFit3000 marks the first time a software package for analyzing friction experiments has been described in the literature.

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15

Baumberger, T., P. Berthoud, and C. Caroli. "Physical analysis of the state- and rate-dependent friction law. II. Dynamic friction." Physical Review B 60, no. 6 (August 1, 1999): 3928–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.60.3928.

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16

Ronsin, Olivier, and Karine Labastie Coeyrehourcq. "State, rate and temperature–dependent sliding friction of elastomers." Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 457, no. 2010 (June 8, 2001): 1277–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2000.0718.

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17

Putelat, Thibaut, Jonathan H. P. Dawes, and John R. Willis. "On the microphysical foundations of rate-and-state friction." Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 59, no. 5 (May 2011): 1062–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2011.02.002.

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18

Pipping, Elias, Oliver Sander, and Ralf Kornhuber. "Variational formulation of rate- and state-dependent friction problems." ZAMM - Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics / Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik 95, no. 4 (November 18, 2013): 377–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zamm.201300062.

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19

Li, Tianyi, and Allan M. Rubin. "A microscopic model of rate and state friction evolution." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 122, no. 8 (August 2017): 6431–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017jb013970.

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20

Hatano, Takahiro. "Friction laws from dimensional-analysis point of view." Geophysical Journal International 202, no. 3 (July 28, 2015): 2159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggv280.

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Abstract Friction laws, which are a key to the understanding of the diversity of earthquakes, are considered theoretically. Using dimensional analysis, the logarithmic dependence of the friction coefficient on the slip velocity and the state variable is derived without any knowledge of the underlying physical processes on the frictional surface. This is based on a simple assumption that the friction coefficient is expressed as the difference from a reference state. Therefore, the functional form of the rate and state dependent friction law itself does not necessarily mean that thermal activation processes dominate friction. It is also shown that if there are two (or more) state variables having the same dimension, we need not assume the logarithmic dependence on the state variables.

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21

Peng, Jie, Yu Cheng Liu, Zhi Feng Yan, Bao Gang Wang, Fu Dong Lin, Jian Zhuang, and Yun Hai Ma. "Research on the Performance Influence of Second Adhesive to Friction Materials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 461 (November 2013): 415–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.461.415.

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The friction materials have many species and they are being used widely, but people have higher requests to friction materials along with the development of technology. the friction material of this expermental optimization formula have the advantages of suitable and stable friction coefficient under high temperature, low wear rate, good restoration characteristics and so on. It can effcetively reduce heat fade of friction and wear under high temperature barking. fricton and wear performance of friction material with second adhesive is better than common preparation friction material , it has higher friction coefficient and lower wear rate, It was determined by physical chemical properities of tin and sulfer. while heating or wearing, the temperature of friction material reach melting temperature of tin, it will become molten state, and sulfer has strong oxidation, on the one hand, tin and sulfer occurred chemical reaction, generating sulfide, stannous (one sulfide tin),on the other hand, while the sulfer is being molten state, it will absorb some abrasive dust, at the same time of generating sulfide, abrasive dust will be adsorb and solidify to pits of friction surface, forming abrasive dust membrane, let the friction coefficient of sample become stable rapidly, reducing the wear rate of friction material.

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22

Sleep, Norman H. "Rate- and state-dependent friction of intact rock and gouge." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 104, B8 (August 10, 1999): 17847–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999jb900185.

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23

Lyakhovsky, Vladimir, Yehuda Ben-Zion, and Amotz Agnon. "A viscoelastic damage rheology and rate- and state-dependent friction." Geophysical Journal International 161, no. 1 (April 2005): 179–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2005.02583.x.

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24

Sleep, Norman H. "Real contacts and evolution laws for rate and state friction." Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 7, no. 8 (August 2006): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005gc001187.

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25

Ullah, Hamid, M. A. Irfan, and V. Prakash. "State and Rate Dependent Friction Laws for Modeling High-Speed Frictional Slip at Metal-on-Metal Interfaces." Journal of Tribology 129, no. 1 (September 17, 2006): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2401217.

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In the present paper the applicability of state and rate dependent friction laws in describing the phenomena of high speed slip at metal-on-metal interfaces is investigated. For the purpose of model validation, results of plate-impact pressure-shear friction experiments were conducted by Irfan in 1998 and Irfan and Prakash in 2000 using a Ti6Al4V and Carpenter Hampden tool-steel tribo pair are employed. In these experiments high normal pressures (1-3GPa) and slip speeds of approximately 50m∕s were attained during the high-speed slip event. Moreover, these experiments were designed to investigate the evolution of friction stress in response to step changes in normal pressure and also in the applied shear stress during the high-speed slip event. A step drop in normal pressure is observed to result in an exponential decay of the friction stress to a new steady-state characteristic of the current normal pressure and the current slip velocity. A step drop in applied shear stress is observed to lead to an initial drop in friction stress, which later increases toward a new steady-state friction stress level. In response to the step drop in applied shear stress the slip velocity initially increases and then decreases to a new steady-state level consistent with the new friction stress level. A modified rate and state dependent friction model that employs both velocity and normal stress dependent state variables is used to simulate the experimental results. A good correlation is found between the experimental results and the predictions of the proposed state and rate dependent friction model.

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26

Viesca, Robert C. "Self-similar slip instability on interfaces with rate- and state-dependent friction." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 472, no. 2192 (August 2016): 20160254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2016.0254.

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We examine the development of a frictional instability, with diverging sliding rate, at the interface of elastic bodies in contact. Evolution of friction is determined by a slip rate and state dependence. Following Viesca (2016 Phys. Rev. E 93 , 060202(R). ( doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.93.060202 )), we show through an appropriate change of variable, the existence of blow-up solutions that are fixed points of a dynamical system. The solutions show self-similarity of the simple variety: separable dependence of time and space. For an interface with uniform frictional properties, there is a single-problem parameter. We examine the linear stability of these fixed points, as this problem parameter is varied. Specifically, we consider two archetypical elastic settings of the slip surface, in which interactions between points on the surface are either local or non-local. We show that, independent of the nature of elastic interactions, the fixed-points lose stability in the same matter as the parameter is increased towards a limit value: an apparently infinite sequence of Hopf bifurcations. However, for any value of the parameter, the nonlinear development of the instability is attraction, if not asymptotic convergence, towards these fixed points, owing to the existence of stable eigenmodes. For comparison, we perform numerical solutions of the original evolution equations and find precise agreement with the results of the analysis.

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27

Ván, Péter, Noa Mitsui, and Takahiro Hatano. "Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamical Framework for Rate- and State-Dependent Friction." Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering 59, no. 4 (2015): 583–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppci.8249.

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28

Favreau, Pascal, Ioan R. Ionescu, and Michel Campillo. "On dynamic sliding with rate- and state-dependent friction laws." Geophysical Journal International 139, no. 3 (December 1999): 671–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-246x.1999.00970.x.

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29

Kato, Naoyuki, and Terry E. Tullis. "A composite rate- and state-dependent law for rock friction." Geophysical Research Letters 28, no. 6 (March 15, 2001): 1103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000gl012060.

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30

Shroff, Sameer S., Naveed Ansari, W. Robert Ashurst, and Maarten P. de Boer. "Rate-state friction in microelectromechanical systems interfaces: Experiment and theory." Journal of Applied Physics 116, no. 24 (December 28, 2014): 244902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4904060.

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31

Sleep, Norman H. "Physical basis of evolution laws for rate and state friction." Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 6, no. 11 (November 2005): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005gc000991.

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32

Cao, Tianqing, and Keiiti Aki. "Seismicity simulation with a rate- and state-dependent friction law." Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH 124, no. 3 (1986): 487–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00877213.

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33

Rucker, Cody, and Brittany A. Erickson. "Physics-informed deep learning of rate-and-state fault friction." Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 430 (October 2024): 117211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2024.117211.

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34

Singh, Arun K., and T. N. Singh. "Simulation of Frictional Strength and Steady Relaxation Using the Rate and State Dependent Friction Model." Pure and Applied Geophysics 170, no. 3 (June 4, 2012): 247–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-012-0493-5.

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35

Nakai, Takahiro, and Shingo Ozaki. "137 Multi-scale FE analysis of rubber friction using rate- and state-dependent friction model." Proceedings of The Computational Mechanics Conference 2015.28 (2015): _137–1_—_137–2_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmecmd.2015.28._137-1_.

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36

Ohmura, A., and H. Kawamura. "Rate- and state-dependent friction law and statistical properties of earthquakes." Europhysics Letters (EPL) 77, no. 6 (March 2007): 69001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/77/69001.

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37

Byun, Jae Young, Pandusandi Pratama, Jeung Hoon Kim, In Soo Park, Sun Mi Choi, Soon Hong Kwon, Sung Won Chung, et al. "The Friction and Wear Characteristic Comparison of PMMA and MC Nylon as Spreading Device Pad Material in Copper Coil Forming." Key Engineering Materials 723 (December 2016): 220–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.723.220.

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The purpose of this study is to compare the frictions and wears characteristics of poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) and MC Nylon. This study was carried out to investigate the material to be considered as the pad of spreading device material in the copper coil forming machine. To analyze the friction and wear characteristics of those materials the experiments were done as follows. Firstly, the friction characteristic was obtained using a pin-on-disk tester. The experiment was carried on dry and wet friction conditions under paraffin oil lubricant. Secondly, the state of lubrication was investigated using the Stribeck’s Curve. Thirdly, to investigate the wear characteristic, the weight of the pin was measured before and after the friction test. The wear rate is defined as the difference between the initial weight and the final weight. The experimental results show that the friction coefficient of PMMA material was higher than MC nylon. Furthermore, PMMA wear rate also higher than MC Nylon wear rate. The highest wear was achieved on PMMA in dry friction condition, which is 0.00290 grams. MC Nylon was recommended to be used as padding of the spreading device on the coil forming machine.

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38

Fredberg, J. J., K. A. Jones, M. Nathan, S. Raboudi, Y. S. Prakash, S. A. Shore, J. P. Butler, and G. C. Sieck. "Friction in airway smooth muscle: mechanism, latch, and implications in asthma." Journal of Applied Physiology 81, no. 6 (December 1, 1996): 2703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1996.81.6.2703.

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Fredberg, J. J., K. A. Jones, M. Nathan, S. Raboudi, Y. S. Prakash, S. A. Shore, J. P. Butler, and G. C. Sieck. Friction in airway smooth muscle: mechanism, latch, and implications in asthma. J. Appl. Physiol. 81(6): 2703–2712, 1996.—In muscle, active force and stiffness reflect numbers of actin-myosin interactions and shortening velocity reflects their turnover rates, but the molecular basis of mechanical friction is somewhat less clear. To better characterize molecular mechanisms that govern mechanical friction, we measured the rate of mechanical energy dissipation and the rate of actomyosin ATP utilization simultaneously in activated canine airway smooth muscle subjected to small periodic stretches as occur in breathing. The amplitude of the frictional stress is proportional to ηE, where E is the tissue stiffness defined by the slope of the resulting force vs. displacement loop and η is the hysteresivity defined by the fatness of that loop. From contractile stimulus onset, the time course of frictional stress amplitude followed a biphasic pattern that tracked that of the rate of actomyosin ATP consumption. The time course of hysteresivity, however, followed a different biphasic pattern that tracked that of shortening velocity. Taken together with an analysis of mechanical energy storage and dissipation in the cross-bridge cycle, these results indicate, first, that like shortening velocity and the rate of actomyosin ATP utilization, mechanical friction in airway smooth muscle is also governed by the rate of cross-bridge cycling; second, that changes in cycling rate associated with conversion of rapidly cycling cross bridges to slowly cycling latch bridges can be assessed from changes of hysteresivity of the force vs. displacement loop; and third, that steady-state force maintenance (latch) is a low-friction contractile state. This last finding may account for the unique inability of asthmatic patients to reverse spontaneous airways obstruction with a deep inspiration.

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39

Im, Kyungjae, Chris Marone, and Derek Elsworth. "The transition from steady frictional sliding to inertia-dominated instability with rate and state friction." Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 122 (January 2019): 116–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2018.08.026.

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40

Cabboi, A., T. Putelat, and J. Woodhouse. "The frequency response of dynamic friction: Enhanced rate-and-state models." Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 92 (July 2016): 210–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2016.03.025.

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41

Noda, Hiroyuki, and Chengrui Chang. "Tertiary creep behavior for various rate- and state-dependent friction laws." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 619 (October 2023): 118314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118314.

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42

Nakatani, Masao. "Conceptual and physical clarification of rate and state friction: Frictional sliding as a thermally activated rheology." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 106, B7 (July 10, 2001): 13347–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000jb900453.

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43

Allison, Kali L., and Eric M. Dunham. "Earthquake cycle simulations with rate-and-state friction and power-law viscoelasticity." Tectonophysics 733 (May 2018): 232–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2017.10.021.

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44

Rathbun, Andrew P., and Chris Marone. "Symmetry and the critical slip distance in rate and state friction laws." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 118, no. 7 (July 2013): 3728–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrb.50224.

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45

Jin, Zhu Ji, Z. W. Yuan, Q. Li, and K. Wang. "Tribological Aspects of Chemical Mechanical Polishing Diamond Surfaces." Advanced Materials Research 325 (August 2011): 464–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.325.464.

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Mechanical energy may initiate and accelerate chemical reaction in chemical mechanical polishing (CMP). To study the effect of mechanical energy on the chemical reactions, a special friction measuring system was designed in this paper. The system could measure the local friction to reduce the error caused by resultant force. The effects of rotational speed, polishing pressure and the concentration of oxidant on friction and material removal rate were investigated. The results showed that the system could accurately measure the friction of small area diamond film in CMP process. The frictional system was in a mixed lubrication state since the value of the friction coefficient located in the range of 0.060~0.065.

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46

Dickrell, P. L., W. G. Sawyer, and A. Erdemir. "Fractional Coverage Model for the Adsorption and Removal of Gas Species and Application to Superlow Friction Diamond-Like Carbon." Journal of Tribology 126, no. 3 (June 28, 2004): 615–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1739408.

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The frictional behavior of diamond-like carbon (DLC) films varies with environmental condition. One theory asserts that the cause of variations in the frictional performance is environmental contaminants adsorbing onto the DLC film surface. Testing of the frictional performance of DLC films in a pin-on-disk contact has mapped the transient behavior of the friction coefficient. A model for fractional coverage, based on the adsorption of environmental contaminants and their removal through the pin contact, is developed. The rate of adsorption is taken from Langmuir’s model [17], which is combined with the removal ratio from Blanchet and Sawyer [18]. The coefficient of friction is based on the average fractional coverage under the pin contact. The model also gives a closed-form expression for the steady-state fractional coverage. Model calculations compared favorably to the time progression of the friction coefficient for a series of earlier experiments on a superlow friction DLC coating [7], when the fractional removal term was allowed to increase with increasing sliding speed.

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47

Putelat, T., J. H. P. Dawes, and A. R. Champneys. "A phase-plane analysis of localized frictional waves." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 473, no. 2203 (July 2017): 20160606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2016.0606.

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Sliding frictional interfaces at a range of length scales are observed to generate travelling waves; these are considered relevant, for example, to both earthquake ground surface movements and the performance of mechanical brakes and dampers. We propose an explanation of the origins of these waves through the study of an idealized mechanical model: a thin elastic plate subject to uniform shear stress held in frictional contact with a rigid flat surface. We construct a nonlinear wave equation for the deformation of the plate, and couple it to a spinodal rate-and-state friction law which leads to a mathematically well-posed problem that is capable of capturing many effects not accessible in a Coulomb friction model. Our model sustains a rich variety of solutions, including periodic stick–slip wave trains, isolated slip and stick pulses, and detachment and attachment fronts. Analytical and numerical bifurcation analysis is used to show how these states are organized in a two-parameter state diagram. We discuss briefly the possible physical interpretation of each of these states, and remark also that our spinodal friction law, though more complicated than other classical rate-and-state laws, is required in order to capture the full richness of wave types.

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Chingtham, Prasanta, Sanjay K. Prajapati, Vineet K. Gahalaut, Sumer Chopra, and Pareshnath Singha Roy. "Forecasting seismicity rate in the north-west Himalaya using rate and state dependent friction law." Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk 8, no. 2 (September 8, 2017): 1643–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2017.1369168.

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49

Cheng, Ganlin, Fei Guo, and Xiaohong Jia. "Study on the Tribological Properties of Polymer Interface and the Mapping Mechanism of Friction Noise in a Wide Temperature Range." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2458, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2458/1/012027.

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Abstract In order to study the tribological properties and frictional noise mapping mechanism of polymer interface at a wide temperature range, tribological and frictional noise acquisition tests were carried out on a Ball-on-Three-Plates Tribology Accessory. The friction coefficient and noise signal data sets were collected for 15 minutes from the friction surfaces of polytetrafluoroethylene and 0Cr18Ni9 austenitic steel pairs at six temperatures and three constant loading-speed contact points in a wide temperature range of -150°C-25°C. The wear rate of the polymer was measured and the wear state of the polymer interface was studied by field emission environmental scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Based on the analysis of the time-frequency domain characteristics of friction noise and the qualitative mapping relationship between the wide-temperature domain tribological properties and friction noise, the theoretical and experimental basis is provided for establishing online early warning monitoring of the tribological performance of polymer-metal friction pairs based on the time-frequency domain characteristics of friction noise.

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50

Wang, J. H. "A Dynamic Study of Two One-State-Variable, Rate-Dependent, and State-Dependent Friction Laws." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 92, no. 2 (March 1, 2002): 687–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0119980154.

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