Дисертації з теми "Fraude pharmaceutique"
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Nzalakanda, Rufin. "La performativité de la grande entreprise pharmaceutique dans la chaîne de développement des produits de santé : une analyse de la fraude fondée sur le concept de Poche organisationnelle Informelle (P.O.I)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, HESAM, 2021. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-04164360.
Повний текст джерелаSince the 1950s, the pharmaceutical industry is still affected by the scandals of health scandals (thalidomide 1961, 1962 and 1963), Distilbène (1977), Vioxx (2004), Mediator (2009), breast prostheses PIP (2010), ...These are generally health products that have a harmful effect that is not detected earlier in the collective management of these products throughout the health product development chain. These harmful effects have generated disastrous consequences in France and abroad ( some organizations say that these are cases of pain that have caused illness, cancer or death), but also in economic and financial terms (national health costs), image and trust. This is the diagnosis made about the functioning of the pharmaceutical industry. This diagnosis reveals the existence of a dilemma that this sector must undoubtedly resolve. Various situations are often mentioned to refer to this dilemma. Some situations refer to the negligence and imprudence of institutions and organizations for the control and supervision of health products, others are oriented towards the fault and error of the actors involved in the collective management of these products, and others are about fraud perpetrated by actors mandated to develop health products that help the population to eliminate the different diseases. This thesis focuses on situations of fraud committed by big pharma as a research subject. She positions him in the field of white-collar crime, a term invented by American sociologist Edwin. Sutheland in the 1930s). The analysis of this research subject poses a practical question: How big pharma performs to normalize fraud in the health product development chain that includes national, transnational and global levels. It is important to note that this thesis does not aim to stigmatize big pharma, which are essential actors because they contribute to the disappearance of diseases by providing health products to society. Rather, it focuses on a phenomenon that has been clearly identified and that represents a threat to the planet, which has already affected health systems several times, thousands of people in the world and caused considerable human and financial losses. Thus, it relies on the experience of institutional, organizational and individual actors in the health sector, in terms of health scandals marked by pharmaceutical fraud, to answer research questions. The research results show that, big pharma is instrumentalising P.O.I, a structured and structuring organisation, to perform the actors who are involved in the collective management of health products in such a way that their practices and discourse are consistent with what she thinks, says and does. It is through this mechanism that pharmaceutical fraud is normalized at the national, transnational and global levels. More specifically, the P.O.I is a network organisation composed of human and non-human actors.Hidden within the big pharma, it materializes the ability of this enterprise to produce a generalized effect in the process that describes the different phases of realization of a health product, which will encourage the actors involved to legitimize the fraud in order to serve the interests of the entreprise in which it is housed
Raclot, Jean. "La marque pharmaceutique." Lyon 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO33016.
Повний текст джерелаThe subject of this thesis is to present the specificity of the pharmaceutical trademark. In a long introduction the author brings the pharmaceutical trademark and the differents means to designate a patent medicine and the difference between the notions of patent medicines ans the common denominations (dc). At the end of this introduction the author exibit the historical evolution of pharmaceutical tradmark right and the functions and utility of these. This thesis includes two parts: the choise and the protection of the pharmaceutical trademark. In the first part the author brings the variety of signe that it is possible to choose by way of pharmaceutical trademark (nominative or emblematics trademarks) then the lawful conditions of thise, the notions of independance of pharmaceutical trademark in comparaison with the patent medicine and the person and finally the distinctivity of pharmaceutical trademark. In the second part the author brings the protection of the pharma cautical trademark against the imitations and the generics medicines
Delenta, Christophe. "L'export dans l'industrie pharmaceutique en France." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05P070.
Повний текст джерелаMoreno, Pontier Annick. "Les produits pharmaceutiques génériques." Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON10023.
Повний текст джерелаLaboulbenne, Sophie. "Application aux enregistrements internationaux d'un logiciel de gestion administrative des spécialités pharmaceutiques en France." Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR2P044.
Повний текст джерелаNobili, Anne. "La qualification du personnel de l'officine pharmaceutique." Aix-Marseille 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX32036.
Повний текст джерелаIn exchange for a drug retail distribution monopoly, which is consented to them in the interest of public health, chemists are subjected to many obligations. In particular, these obligations consist of qualifications requirements for people working in chemists' shops. They concern, first of all, chemists whose long and high level university education is a guarantee of competence and the quality of the pharmaceutical act (part i). They also apply to other members of the chemist's staff. Only certificied assistants can carry out preparation and distribution operations, under the chemist's supervision (part ii). This is the principle of "personal exercise" which required the chemist, when he doesn't carry out these operations himself, to carefully supervise them. Then, in virtue of this principle, a chemist must be present in the chemist's shop to ensure that a member of a medical profession is always available (part iii)
Lamaison, Ludovic. "Le bilan de l'industrie pharmaceutique en 1992." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR2P103.
Повний текст джерелаMouhssine, Najat. "L'exercice illégal de la pharmacie et le monopole pharmaceutique." Bordeaux 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR1D008.
Повний текст джерелаLEGALLY, "NO ONE IS ALLOWED TO PRATISE PHARMACY IF HE DOES NOT FULFIL THE RIQUIRED CONDITIONS FOR THIS PURPOSE" ARTICLE L. 514 OF THE "PUBLIC HEALTH" CODE. WHOEVER INFRINGES THIS CLAUSE COMMITS THE INDICTABLE OFFENCE OF ILLEGAL PRACTISE OF PHARMACY, AN OFFENCE ANTICIPTED AND PENALIZED BY THE L. 517 ARTICLE OF THE "PUBLIC HEALTH" CODE. NOW, WE HAVE BEEN NOTICING SINCE A CERTAIN TIME A CONSIDERABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ACTIVITY OF CERTAIN IMPORTANT DISTRIBUTORS WHO, IN ORDER TO "SMACK" WHAT THEY REGARD AS UNLAWFUL RESTRICTIONS TO COMPETITION, "TACKLE" NOT ONLY THE PARA-PHARMACY MARKET - OF WHICH THE EXCLUSIVE RIGHTS CONSTITUTED, ACCOR- DING TO THEM, A COMPETITIVE PRACTISE INTOLERABLE AND ILLICIT - BUT ALSO AND PARTICULARY THE MARKET OF MEDECINE BY COMMERCIALIZING PRODUCTS without ANY NOTICE ON THEIR PACKING, AS THOUGH NOT ALLEGING THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES TO THE PRODUCT WAS SUFFICIENT TO RENDER IT A NON-MEDICINAL PRODUCT, THEREFORE A HARMLESS PRODUCT FOR CURRENT CONSUMPTION. THESE NEW FORMS OF DISTRIBUTION HAVE RESTARTED THE DEBATE ON WHAT BE- LONGS TO THE PHARMACY BY RIGHT AND WHAT SHOULD BE SOLD FREELY without ANY HARM FOR THE PUBLIC HEALTH. AT THE INTERSECTING POINT OF THESE QUERIES, IS TO BE
Harreguy, Annabelle. "L'externalisation de la distribution pharmaceutique en France : les prestataires logistiques." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR2P018.
Повний текст джерелаCharbit, Albert. "La création du "guide des formations complémentaires aux études pharmaceutiques" et analyse des diplômes ouverts aux pharmaciens." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P241.
Повний текст джерелаSayagh, Céline. "Les contrats de l' industrie pharmaceutique et leurs clauses usuelles." Toulouse 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU10022.
Повний текст джерелаThe specificity of the contracts used by the pharmaceutical industry lies in the very peculiar nature of their objects. Besides the traditional limit of the contractual freedom, the legal advisers in charge of the drafting of such private contracts, must take into account the drug's level of danger, by drafting provisions aimed to guarantee public health protection
Lorenzi, Jean. "La politique du médicament en France : secteur protégé, système protecteur." Paris 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA020134.
Повний текст джерелаMedicine policy in france reinforces the generally accepted idea on medicine: a protected sector fitting into a protecting system it is only refered to in terms of guarantee or protection. Usually, the chemist is escribed as one who produces and distributes medicines within a particular economic sector which is protected from the international competition; the latter producing little of new drugs. To face up to an anxious and demanding population, the state has to set itself up as the public health's guarantor. The french pharmaceutcal industry is in a worrying situation : low profitability of the research, loss of efficiency of patent, regulation of the industrial prices of medicines. Today, the dispensing chemist is facing an acute crisis, his status are questioned, so is his monopoly and he has a very large responsability, the evolution of the industrial and economic structures which is necessary in order to join the european economic market is crucial for the pharmaceutical sector. Thelatter has at its disposal all the elements to grasp and master its environment. It just lacks one condition : a real medicine policy in france
Massiot, Claire. "Troisième cycle des études pharmaceutiques : l'internat qualifiant en sciences pharmaceutiques spécialisées, évaluation des postes formateurs de l'Ile de France." Paris 5, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA05P200.
Повний текст джерелаGuth, Thierry. "Traitements et contrôles bactériologiques des eaux dans l'industrie pharmaceutique." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05P068.
Повний текст джерелаQuentin, Myriam Pouchus Yves-François. "La Répartition Pharmaceutique en France une approche commerciale pour de nouveaux marchés /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://theses.univ-nantes.fr/thesemed/PHquentin.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаPimpie, Marie-Hélène. "La régulation des dépenses pharmaceutiques : enjeux, modalités, propositions." Dijon, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994DIJOE005.
Повний текст джерелаThe financial crisis in the social security system in France has made necessary the control of health expenditure which also includes expenditure on pharmaceutical goods. The presentation of the health system and of its'financing method defines the regulation stakes of pharmaceutical expenditure. The analysis of the consumption of medicine allows the entrancement of the factors which have an effect on the increase of expenditure concerning the volume (depending on the current demographic and socio-economic variations an d the impact of demand) and concerning the prices (the considerable budget devoted to the recherch and development of new molecules and the cost of the administrative and industrial norms). A comparative study of the systems implemented in different european countries (Germany, England, Denmark, Spain, France and the Netherlands) in order to regulate pharmaceutical expenditure allows us to discover a few alternative or complementary scenarii. Four propositions have been developed of which we will analyse the advantages and the limits : the control of medical expenditure, based on the use of "opposable medical references" is aimed at the prescription of medicine by the doctor; the refundable percentage and the right of substitution aim at rembursing the cost of the medicine by shoosing some specialities when delwering the pharmaceutical products; taking care of yourself under the observation of the dispensary chemist aims at making the patient responsible for his or her own consumption
Teixeira, Olivier. "Le contentieux des marques pharmaceutiques : les marques déceptives." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P047.
Повний текст джерелаMaury, Emmanuel. "Les conséquences de l'ouverture du grand marché européen sur l'industrie pharmaceutique française." Montpellier 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON10051.
Повний текст джерелаThe big market opening on january, the ist, 1993, and the measures implemented by the european community have given new outlook to the french pharmaceutical firms: last obstacles to trade of the common market have disappeared and registration procedures for medecine have been harmonised and quickened. But, in the same time, they have increased contest between european firms and revealed distorsions of competition, especially in drugs prices, tax system, prescription and repayment rules. Consequently, the french pharmaceutical industries try today to adapt their strategies to this new context. Eight main strategies may be highlighted: concentration of research programs, diversification of investments, rationalisation of production, alliances, increase of lobbying, monitoring of the distribution sector, new methods of advertising, marketing and communication and international development
Bieri, Sophie. "Les microméthodes utilisées en contrôle microbiologique dans l'industrie pharmaceutique." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05P208.
Повний текст джерелаJouzier, Cécile. "Constitution d'une base de données d'histoire médico-pharmaceutique bordelaise." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR2P107.
Повний текст джерелаCamsuza, Cyril. "Les médicaments génériques en France : risque et opportunité pour les laboratoires pharmaceutiques." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05P037.
Повний текст джерелаChantelot, Laurence. "Les objectifs du droit pharmaceutique au regard des principes généraux du droit communautaire." Lyon 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO33008.
Повний текст джерелаDegez-Machuel, Béatrice. "L'information pharmaceutique en milieu hospitalier : expérience du groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpétrière." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05P196.
Повний текст джерелаMULLER, CHRISTINE. "La gestion des dechets dans l'industrie pharmaceutique de la cee : application a lilly france." Strasbourg 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STR15004.
Повний текст джерелаBénichou, Frédéric. "Evolution du concept de bonnes pratiques de fabrication en France." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05P165.
Повний текст джерелаDevred, Thomas. "L'exploitation des médicaments." Lyon 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO33011.
Повний текст джерелаRigaut, Florence. "Elaboration d'un guide de diagnostic qualité pour un répartiteur pharmaceutique." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05P213.
Повний текст джерелаBrouzes-Goisque, Emmanuelle. "L'automédication : situation en France, Allemagne, Espagne et Royaume-Uni." Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR2P038.
Повний текст джерелаJoachim, Anifath. "La nouvelle rémunération des pharmaciens d'officine sur les spécialités pharmaceutiques remboursables." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR2P013.
Повний текст джерелаCharbit, Claire. "Les compétences fondamentales, un outil de gestion ? : application à l'industrie pharmaceutique." Paris 9, 1998. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1998PA090039.
Повний текст джерелаIn the context of the analysis of firms' strategies and performances, core competencies appeared in the early 1990s, in C. K. Prahalad and G. Hamel's publications, as a new way of approaching competitiveness. The first objective of this thesis is to propose a synthetic and operational definition of core competencies. This definition is as follows: core competencies are a combination of knowledge and technologies that enables the company to get a competitive advantage in a whole range of products and services. Core competencies: - enable accessing a large number of markets, unnecessarily related, - enable improving the value of the product for the end-customer, - are difficult to imitate or to acquire for competitors, - are transverse regarding the company's activities. The second objective is to discuss the appropriateness of using core competencies as a management tool, especially in the pharmaceutical industry. Interviews with managers of pharmaceutical companies lead to the identification of the perceived core competencies of these companies. The confrontation of these perceived core competencies and the identification criteria of the definition showed difficulties in understanding the operational and managerial implications of the concept. A synthesis on the applicability of core competencies as a management tool is then given
Lagrawi, Abdellaziz. "Anti-ulcéreux majeur : Etude comparée du marché en France et au Maroc." Montpellier 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON13190.
Повний текст джерелаBartoli, Fabienne. "Dynamique sectorielle d'innovation : le cas de l'industrie du médicament en France." Paris 9, 2000. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2000PA090049.
Повний текст джерелаObadia, Yves. "Le refus de vente de produits pharmaceutiques en officine." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05P140.
Повний текст джерелаChauveau, Sophie. "Politique de la pharmacie et du médicament, entreprises et marchés : l'industrie pharmaceutique en France des années 1920 à la fin des années 1970." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040324.
Повний текст джерелаThe growth of pharmaceutical industry in France during the XXth century goes with the development of a drug and pharmacy policy more and more restricting but also more appropriate to the change of this industry. French pharmaceutical firms grow between the two wars. They sell many proprietaries drugs, using adverts, and play a great part in the medicalization of French society. France is first for the exports of proprietaries drugs before the Second World War. The industry is not affected by the crisis of the 1930's, because of the specificity of drug and because of the creation of social insurance. During the Second World War, production decreases a little. The production implements become obsolete and firms can not follow scientific and technological progress. In 1941, a law defines the rules for pharmacy in industry and creates the "visa". In the 1940's and the 1950's, pharmaceutical firms increase, due to the development of social insurance and to scientific discoveries. The firms sell new and innovative products. But the exports remain small and prices control interferes with the growth of enterprises. In the 1960's new laws are published: these take into consideration the needs of pharmaceutical industry. The concentration of firms intensifies, French group appear in front of foreign competition. The French firms change their strategies in the 1970's. The sales of drugs refund by social insurance are no more profitable. R&D is more and more expensive and more and more slow. So French pharmaceutical firms learn marketing, diversify and recover market shares on the world drug market
Maillols-Berthet, Elisabeth. "Les obstacles juridiques à l'essor des génériques." Montpellier 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON10032.
Повний текст джерелаThe development of generic medicines encounters numerous obstacles. First of all, the direct obstacle constituted by patent law. The multiplicity of patents which exist for the same active ingredient: patents on products, processes, formulations, therapeutic applications or even a combination thereof, the coverage of these various patents being spread over time, greatly complicates the task of the manufacturers of generics and delays the availability of the copied products on the market. Furthermore, some of these inventions, and most particularly the later therapeutic applications have attained patentability thanks to an atypical application of the conditions for patentability. Moreover, the validity of patents for drugs/medicines can be prolonged by means of a supplementary protection certificate which further delays the availability of copies on the market. Some of these titles, based on their very filing procedure, may give rise to controversies as regards their validity. Thereafter, once the validity of these patents and/or supplementary protection certificate expires, or even regardless of their previous existence, there exist other obstacles which delay the development of copies on the market. Thus, starting from the reservation of know-how and raw materials by the laboratory of the "leader" product, which sometimes makes it utterly impossible for a third party to be competitive, getting through the administrative protection of data required for the marketing authorization, the prohibition of substitution and the derisory authorization for comparative advertising, the generics will have a hard time to work their way up to the market, which can thus still be reserved for the leader product for a long time. These are indirect obstacles which nevertheless prove to be very crippling ones and slow down the expansion of the generics
Miller, Laurent. "Etude des centres d'information sur le médicament en France (hors centres de pharmacovigilance et laboratoires pharmaceutiques)." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05P169.
Повний текст джерелаZouikri, Messaoud. "Stratégies de R et D et innovation dans l’industrie pharmaceutique en France : une étude économétrique sur données individuelles." Paris 9, 2008. https://bu.dauphine.psl.eu/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2008PA090071.
Повний текст джерелаThe thesis puts forth an empirical methodology to study the link between modes of knowledge production and innovation, based on a functional (basic research, applied research and development) and organisational (internal research, external research) analysis of RD activities. To do so, it uses survey data on RD and innovation at the firm level in order to estimate through appropriate econometric models both the link between firm size and RD modes, and the relationship between RD strategies and innovation in the pharmaceutical industry in France. The main results show that the RD components increase non-linearly and less than proportionally with the size of the firm. Moreover, small and medium-sized firms are not significantly different from big firms in the production of original innovations. The different RD modes contribute to innovation in complementary ways
Raccah, Anne. "Publicité, information auprès du public sur les médicaments." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05P032.
Повний текст джерелаAmouric, Jane. "La distribution officinale du médicament à l'épreuve de l'européanisation et de la globalisation : une étude au travers de trois exemples : la France, l'Angleterre et l'Italie." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM1007/document.
Повний текст джерелаEuropean influence, especially political and legal, the globalisation of drug trade as well as the consequences of the globalisation of health, economic and financial crises impact the organisation and practice of French, Italian and English retail pharmacy. Convergence is generally presented as one of the possible consequences of europeanisation and globalisation. In effect, are the legal regimes of drug distribution in retail pharmacies in France, Italy and England evolving towards a common « legal model », beyond their historical opposition ? In reality, not only are we witnessing the emergence of organisational and operational retail pharmacy legal models that do not carry a unicity that would enable significantly reducing differences between national legislations, but this unicity would not be timely. Indeed, the preservation of national specificities, as well as the adaptation of regulations to national contexts appear as key guarantors of the efficacy of retail pharmacy drug distribution national legal regimes. However, the efficacy of regulations cannot be summarised to guaranteeing the sector’s national specificities, as illustrated by the obstacles to compensation for damages attributable to medicines and to the protection of the pharmaceutical monopoly. While some of these obstacles appear precisely linked to national characteristics, others relate specifically to the war against illegal drug sales
Gandrille, Hélène. "Le chef de produits et l'élaboration du plan marketing." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05P035.
Повний текст джерелаMaillols, Anne-Catherine. "La responsabilité du fait des médicaments. L'industrie pharmaceutique à l'épreuve de la loi du 19 mai 1998." Montpellier 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON10010.
Повний текст джерелаLahitette, Sophie. "Essai d'inventaire des céramiques pharmaceutiques conservées dans les musées, hôpitaux et lieux ouverts au public, de la région Aquitaine." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR2P123.
Повний текст джерелаDiarte, Elsa. "Les informations sanitaires à visée économique relatives à la spécialité pharmaceutique remboursable émanant de la Direction des études et de l'information pharmaco-économiques." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2P054.
Повний текст джерелаJacob, Jean-Baptiste. "Spécialités pharmaceutiques anciennes à base de caféine ou de drogues à caféine." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05P099.
Повний текст джерелаHondius, Brigitte. "Spécialités grand public et auto-médicamentation : situation et cadre réglementaire en France, en Grande-Bretagne, en RFA et en Suisse." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR1M154.
Повний текст джерелаNoël, Gérard. "Contribution à l'histoire de la pharmacie d'après les thèses consacrées à cette histoire et appartenant à la chaire de droit pharmaceutique." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05P209.
Повний текст джерелаGerme, Anne Françoise. "Mise en conformité d'un service de stérilisation avec les bonnes pratiques de stérilisation et les normes en 29002 et en 46002." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05P110.
Повний текст джерелаGenin, Jean Luc. "Etude de la consommation des médicaments antiparkinsoniens dans un centre hospitalier général." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05P162.
Повний текст джерелаGimenes, Nathalie. "Un processus de création de valeurs par la RSE : une recherche-intervention au sein de Janssen France." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE3016.
Повний текст джерелаWhy and how does Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) invite managers to redefine business models? Implementing CSR means that the company is gradually redefining value creation according to the universal values of sustainable development. The business model, as a representative tool of a company's value creation system, no longer aims to create only economic value but also social, societal and environmental values. The profit of the company is considered through an equation of plural profits giving meaning to the overall performance of the company.The research-intervention carried out "with and for" Janssen France has made it possible to develop and test a process of values creation by CSR to facilitate decision making by managers in this area. It consists of three sequences. It helps practitioners to better understand how CSR is defined in their business, to structure a strategic orientation and to make concrete the company's contributions to sustainable development issues. By integrating CSR at the heart of the business model's components, the company broadens the scope of its activities and contributes to the common good
Lerouge, Anne. "A propos des décors et des inscriptions de quelques fai͏̈ences pharmaceutiques attribuées aux fabriques de Saint-Cloud et de Sceaux : étude préliminaire en collaboration." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05P105.
Повний текст джерела