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1
Brykalov, S. M., N. A. Kuznetsova, V. Yu Trifonov, and Yu V. Trifonov. "RISK MANAGEMENT MATURITY MODEL EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT." Фундаментальные исследования (Fundamental research), no. 3 2021 (2021): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17513/fr.42974.
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Xie, Lingxiao, Rui Zhang, Junyu Zhan, Song Li, Age Shama, Runqing Zhan, Ting Wang, Jichao Lv, Xin Bao, and Renzhe Wu. "Wildfire Risk Assessment in Liangshan Prefecture, China Based on An Integration Machine Learning Algorithm." Remote Sensing 14, no. 18 (September 14, 2022): 4592. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14184592.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Previous wildfire risk assessments have problems such as subjectivity of weight allocation and the linearization of statistical models, resulting in generally low robustness and low generalization ability of fire risk assessment models. Therefore, in this paper, we explored the potential of integration machine learning algorithms to build wildfire risk assessment models. Based on analyzing fire data’s spatial and temporal distribution, we selected 10 triggering factors of topography, meteorology, vegetation, and human activities, using frequency ratio (FR) to provide uniform data representation of triggering factors. Next, we used the Bayesian optimization (BO) algorithm to perform hyperparametric optimization solutions for various machine learning models: support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost). Finally, we constructed an integration machine learning algorithm to acquire a fire risk grading map and the importance evaluation corresponding to each triggering factor. For validation purposes, we selected Liangshan Prefecture in Sichuan Province as the specific study area and obtained MCD64A1 burned area product to extract the extent of burned areas in Liangshan Prefecture from 2011 to 2020. The accuracy, kappa coefficient, and area under curve (AUC) were then applied to assess the predictive power and consistency of the fire risk classification maps. The experimental analysis showed that among the three models, FR-BO-XGBoost had the best performance in wildfire risk assessment in the Liangshan region (AUC = 0.887), followed by FR-BO-RF (AUC = 0.876) and FR-BO-SVM (AUC = 0.820). The feature importance result indicated that the study area’s most significant effects on wildfires were precipitation, NDVI, land cover, and maximum temperature. The proposed method avoided the subjective weighting and model linearization problems. Compared with the previous methods, it automatically acquired the importance of the triggering factors to the wildfire, which had certain advantages in wildfire risk assessment, and was worthy of further promotion.
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Cantos, Wilmer P., and Ilan Juran. "Infrastructure aging risk assessment for water distribution systems." Water Supply 19, no. 3 (August 21, 2018): 899–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2018.139.
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Abstract Metropolitan governments and water operators are continuously facing the ever-growing challenges of evaluating the risks and optimizing investment in the rehabilitation of the buried aging infrastructure of water distribution systems (WDS). Proper asset management and efficient rehabilitation planning require monitoring, condition assessment, degradation risk analysis and a data-based model for degradation forecasting to support investment decision-making and significantly reduce the infrastructure rehabilitation cost. This paper presents a statistical and stochastic spatial data analysis of failure records of the WDS of the City of Wattrelos, France. The research objective is to develop and demo-illustrate the application of an operator's experience-based Risk Assessment Method (RAM) for network micro-zone prioritization of rehabilitation/replacement works to optimize preemptive asset management. The data used is a 74-year historical dataset from Wattrelos, France. The database includes approximately 424 observed failures for the period of 1991–2004. The data analysis demonstrates that understanding and using stochastic modeling to characterize the pattern of relationship between Failure Rate (FR), Age (T) and the Probability (or Risk) of exceeding a specific Failure Rate (Pr(FR)) of a micro-zone can effectively support the operator's assessment, risk management and prioritization in the maintenance and rehabilitation of the WDS.
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Rubtsov, A. V., V. V. Levshina, L. N. Khramova, S. V. Mamaeva, I. V. Khramov, and M. V. Maltseva. "BAYESIAN APPROACH TO RISK ASSESSMENT OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP PROJECTS." Фундаментальные исследования (Fundamental research), no. 11 2020 (2020): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17513/fr.42891.
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Bobowik, Patrycja, and Ida Wiszomirska. "Determination of Fall Risk Predictors from Different Groups of Variables." Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism 29, no. 4 (December 1, 2022): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjst-2022-0020.
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Abstract Introduction. Risk factors associated with falling in the elderly are numerous. Most existing tools use a combination of functional assessment and risk scoring based on known risk factors. The aim of the study was to verify which parameters could be used to predict fall risk (FR) in older women. Material and Methods. The study involved 56 inactive females aged 71.77 ± 7.43(SD). Backward stepwise regression analysis was performed to determine which independent variables predict FR in older women. Results. Significant predictors of FR were: in model 1 – age and body mass (in 32%); in model 2 – knee extensor strength of the right lower limb (KEs R) (in 20%); in model 3 – the Timed up and Go test (TUG) (in 25.5%); and in model 4 – medial-lateral stability index with eyes open (MLSI EO) (in 35%). By means of backward stepwise regression analysis using the above models, the variables that significantly influence FR in seniors were body mass, MLSI EO, KEs, and age. The above analysis shows that these indicators (model 5) may predict FR in older women in 59% of cases. Conclusions. It was determined that variables that significantly influence FR in seniors were body mass, age, KEs, and MLSI EO. Research should be continued to identify more predictors and define norms that indicate FR.
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Anikina, I. D., and A. A. Anikin. "ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL-ECONOMIC RISK IN RUSSIAN REGIONS: METHODOLOGY AND RESULTS." Фундаментальные исследования (Fundamental research), no. 10 2020 (2020): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17513/fr.42849.
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QUINTELA CARDOSO-CARMO, Paulo Jorge, Adjane Maria PONTES CESAR, Manuel Rubim Silva SANTOS, and Maria Joana Mesquita Barbosa DE CARVALHO. "Fall risk prediction model for older men and women based on ambulatory physical activity level – A cross-sectional population-based study from the Oporto Region." Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity 14, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): Article—3. http://dx.doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.14.1.03.
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Introduction. Falls among the elderly are an important community health problem due to its high incidence, functional and social repercussion. Dissimilar results arose in recent studies concerning fall risk and physical activity levels. This study measures the association between physical activity (PA) levels, and fall risk (FR), investigates which levels of PA are influential in FR and presents a fall risk prediction models for the elderly. Material and Methods. One hundred and seventy elderly adults (72.34 ± 6.70 years old, 124 female), completed Performance-Orientated-Mobility-Assessment; PA was assessed by accelerometry. Pearson’s correlation verified the association between FR, Age, and PA. Multiple linear regression (MLR) was used to investigate the influence of variables on FR. Results. PA, age are predictors of FR, with PA (moderate, negative) age (moderate, positive). MLR analysis showed FR variability explained by PA (42.0%) and by age (37.0%), and by gender, female FR explained by light PA (47.0%), while in male, FR explained by sedentary behaviour (44.1%) and age (22.7%) independently. Conclusion. Individuals with higher physical activity have lower fall risk. Older are prone to fall. Older women with light physical activity are less likely to fall. Older men with more sedentary behaviour are prone to fall.
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Beheshti, Ramin, Shane Stone, Desirae Chandran, and Steven D. Hicks. "Multi-Omic Profiles in Infants at Risk for Food Reactions." Genes 13, no. 11 (November 3, 2022): 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13112024.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Food reactions (FR) are multifactorial and impacted by medical, demographic, environmental, and immunologic factors. We hypothesized that multi-omic analyses of host-microbial factors in saliva would enhance our understanding of FR development. This longitudinal cohort study included 164 infants followed from birth through two years. The infants were identified as FR (n = 34) or non-FR (n = 130) using the Infant Feeding Practice II survey and medical record confirmation. Saliva was collected at six months for the multi-omic assessment of cytokines, mRNAs, microRNAs, and the microbiome/virome. The levels of one miRNA (miR-203b-3p, adj. p = 0.043, V = 2913) and one viral phage (Proteus virus PM135, adj. p = 0.027, V = 2955) were lower among infants that developed FRs. The levels of one bacterial phylum (Cyanobacteria, adj. p = 0.048, V = 1515) were higher among infants that developed FR. Logistical regression models revealed that the addition of multi-omic features (miR-203b-3p, Cyanobacteria, and Proteus virus PM135) improved predictiveness for future FRs in infants (p = 0.005, X2 = 12.9), predicting FRs with 72% accuracy (AUC = 0.81, sensitivity = 72%, specificity = 72%). The multi-omic analysis of saliva may enhance the accurate identification of infants at risk of FRs and provide insights into the host/microbiome interactions that predispose certain infants to FRs.
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Bobowik, Patrycja, Ida Wiszomirska, Anna Leś, and Katarzyna Kaczmarczyk. "Selected Tools for Assessing the Risk of Falls in Older Women." BioMed Research International 2020 (November 12, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2065201.
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Background and Aim. This study is aimed at comparing the Functional Reach Test (FRT), Timed Up and Go (TUG), and a modified Unterberger test with stabilographic parameters (Biodex Balance System—BBS), to assess fall risk (FR) in older women. Methods. Fifty-five females were examined (May 2018-June 2019). Stabilographic examinations were performed with eyes open (EO) and closed (EC). An analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Spearman rank correlation were performed to determine the relationships and differences between the above tests. Results. The results of the TUG correlate with the overall stability index (OSI) EO ( r = 0.314 ), medial-lateral stability index (MLSI) EO ( r = 0.297 ), and fall risk index (FRI6-2; r = 0.435 ) in stabilographic examinations and the FRT ( r = − 0.399 ). The results of the modified Unterberger test correlate with MLSI EO ( r = 0.276 ), OSI EC ( r = 0.310 ), and MLSI EC ( r = 0.378 ). There are statistically significant differences between faller and nonfaller groups in TUG ( p = 0.0068 ), FRT ( p = 0.001 ), and MLSI EO ( p = 0.0118 ). Conclusions. The modified Unterberger test and TUG can be considered effective in functional FR assessment in older women. Using at least two different functional tests may improve the assessment of FR.
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Gasumov, E. R. "MANAGEMENT ISSUES AND RISK ASSESSMENT OF INNOVATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF GAS CONDENSATE FIELDS." Фундаментальные исследования (Fundamental research), no. 12 2020 (2020): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17513/fr.42905.
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S., Nushusna, Yumi Zuhanis H.Y.H., and Hamzah M.S. "In-silico approach in risk assessment of nutraceutical properties." Food Research 4, S1 (February 10, 2020): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.4(s1).s35.
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Dietary supplements, including those containing botanical ingredients and botanicalderived compounds, have been marketed to consumers globally for many decades. However, the legislative framework for such products remains inconsistent across jurisdictions internationally. A common problem, concerning these nutraceutical products, is deficient information and lack of data for assessing the hazards posed to human health. The main objective is to explore the use of in silico tools in a risk assessment context of nutraceutical product, to relate properties of the molecular structure to the toxic effect of the chemical substance, by using principles and methods of computational chemistry. Further consideration of the actual impact of adverse events arising from nutraceutical food supplement usage will be helpful in guiding such issue as a potential for misidentification, and adulteration of botanical supplements by pharmacologically active substances.
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Maksimov, D. A., and V. S. Markina. "FEATURES OF ASSESSMENT AND ACCOUNTING MARKET ACTIVITIES RISK OF ENTERPRISES OF A VERTICALLY INTEGRATED HOLDING." Фундаментальные исследования (Fundamental research), no. 4 2019 (2019): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17513/fr.42441.
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Roopnarine, Cassie, Bheshem Ramlal, and Ronald Roopnarine. "A Comparative Analysis of Weighting Methods in Geospatial Flood Risk Assessment: A Trinidad Case Study." Land 11, no. 10 (September 24, 2022): 1649. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11101649.
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The Republic of Trinidad and Tobago is an archipelagic Small Island Developing State (SIDS), situated on the southern end of the chain of Caribbean islands. Several factors such as climate, topography, and hydrological characteristics increase its susceptibility and vulnerability to flooding which results in adverse socio-economic impacts. Many Caribbean islands, including Trinidad and Tobago lack a flood risk assessment tool which is essential for a proactive mitigation approach to floods, specifically in the Caribbean due to the incommensurate flooding events that occur because of the inherent characteristics of SIDS. This research focuses on the problem of flooding using susceptibility analysis, vulnerability analysis and risk assessment for the island of Trinidad, whilst also presenting a repeatable and appropriate methodology to assess these risks in regions that have similar characteristics to Trinidad. This is especially useful in Caribbean countries because of a lack of internal human capacity to support such efforts. Flood hazard indexes (FHI) and vulnerability indexes (VI) were generated for this study using subjective and objective weighting technique models to identify regions that are affected by flooding. These models were Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Frequency Ratio (FR) and Shannon’s Entropy (SE). Comparative analyses of the three models were conducted to assess the efficacy and accuracy of each to determine which is most suitable. These were used to conduct a risk assessment to identify risks associated with each Regional Corporation of Trinidad. Results indicate that FR is the most accurate weighting technique model to assess flood susceptibility and risk assessment in Trinidad, with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.76 and 0.64 respectively. This study provides an understanding of the most appropriate weighting techniques that can be used in regions where there are challenges in accessing comprehensive data sets and limitations as it relates to access to advanced technology and technical expertise. The results also provide reasonably accurate outcomes that can assist in identifying priority areas where further quantitative assessments may be required and where mitigation and management efforts should be focused. This is critical for SIDS where vulnerability to flooding is high while access to financial and human resources is limited.
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Rahman, A., A. Kaium, M. S. I. Khan, M. A. Islam, N. Begum, M. D. Prodhan, A. Hossain, S. S. B. Mustafiz, and M. T. I. Chowdhury. "Residue level and health risk assessment of organophosphorus pesticides in country bean and bitter gourd collected from Cumilla, Bangladesh." Food Research 5, no. 6 (December 19, 2021): 238–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.5(6).041.
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Organophosphorus pesticides are one of the most commonly used pesticide classes in agriculture in the management of insect pests due to their high efficacy. The extensive use of organophosphorus pesticides can contaminate both the atmosphere and food, which may lead to health problems. In this study, the residue level of organophosphorus pesticides, and their health risk assessment was evaluated on country bean and bitter gourd. Out of forty analysed samples of the country bean, two samples contained multiple residues, seven samples contained single residue. On the other hand, out of forty samples of bitter gourd, one sample contained multiple residues and three samples contained single residue. Among the organophosphorus pesticides, diazinon was the most frequently detected organophosphorus pesticide in country bean and bitter gourd. The highest short-term risks or acute risk (aHI) was below 1.83%, and the highest long-term risk or chronic risk (HQs) was below 10.46% for the country bean and bitter gourd, respectively. Short- and long-term risk assessment results showed that the intake risks of country bean and bitter gourd were acceptable. The health hazard results showed that country bean and bitter gourd consumption in Cumilla, Bangladesh does not pose an acute or chronic risk to human health. However, a routine monitoring system must be established to control the contamination of vegetables with pesticides.
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ALOUI, Saber, Vincent CHAPURLAT, and Jean-Michel PENALVA. "LINKING INTEROPERABILITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT: A METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH FOR SOCIO-TECHNICAL SYSTEMS." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 39, no. 3 (2006): 585–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20060517-3-fr-2903.00299.
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Yu, Sijian, and Qifa Liu. "Dynamic Assessment of Measurable Residual Disease in Favorable-Risk Acute Myeloid Leukemia in First Remission, Treatment, and Outcomes." Blood 138, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2021): 4441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-146824.
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Abstract Purpose:We aimed to investigate outcomes of different post-remission treatment (PRT) choices based on dynamic measurable residual disease (MRD) in favorable-risk AML (FR-AML). Methods: Four hundred and three younger patients with FR-AML in first complete remission (CR1) were enrolled in this registry-based cohort study, including 173 who received chemotherapy (CMT), 92 autologous stem cell transplantation (auto-SCT), and 138 allogeneic SCT (allo-SCT). Subgroup analyses were performed based on dynamic MRD after the first, second, and third courses of chemotherapy. The primary endpoint was the 5-year overall survival (OS). Results: For patients with negative MRD after 1 course of chemotherapy, comparable OS was observed among the CMT, auto-SCT and allo-SCT groups (p=.284). But CMT had better graft-versus-host-disease-free, relapse-free survival (GRFS) than allo-SCT (p=.027). For patients with negative MRD after 2 courses of chemotherapy, comparable OS was also observed among the three groups (p=.967). However, CMT and auto-SCT had better GRFS than allo-SCT (p=.045; p=.020, respectively). For patients with negative MRD after 3 courses of chemotherapy, allo-SCT had better disease-free-survival than CMT (p=.011). However, OS was comparable among the three groups (p=.177). For patients with persistently positive MRD after 3 courses of chemotherapy or recurrent MRD, allo-SCT had better OS than CMT and auto-SCT (p=.012; p=.046, respectively). Conclusions: Dynamic MRD might improve therapy stratification and optimize PRT selection for FR-AML in CR1. CMT might be preferable for patients with negative MRD within 3 cycles of chemotherapy while allo-SCT for patients with persistently positive MRD after 3 cycles of chemotherapy and recurrent MRD. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Martins, G., J. Nogueira, A. Setzer, and F. Morelli. "COMPARISON BETWEEN DIFFERENT VERSIONS OF INPE'S FIRE RISK MODEL FOR THE BRAZILIAN BIOMES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W12-2020 (November 5, 2020): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w12-2020-119-2020.
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Abstract. Fires are intrinsic disturbances in ecosystems functioning and structure in fire-prone biomes. In recent decades there has been an increase in the number of fire events in Brazilian biomes, especially due to misuse of fire in the land use and deforestation. The spatial and temporal pattern fire risk is a important way to understanding the seasonality and intensity of fire in different climate and fuel conditions. However, consistent long-term assessment at biome level is only possible with the support of remote sensing and modeling information. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the fire risk patterns for the Brazilian biomes in the last years (2015–2018), using the new version of INPE’s fire risk (FR, v2). Regarding the temporal and spatial FR patterns by this new version from FR model, we evaluated that elevation and latitude correction factors, as well as the meteorological and land cover datasets with finer spatial scales can be contributed to adjust better the fire season vulnerability, notably in the less prone-biomes, such as Mata Atlantica, Pampa and Pantanal. However, there is still a need for adjustment to match the spatial active fire distribution, considering a biomass (fuel) map and the vegetation water status indicators. These improvements help to inform with more accuracy the most fire prone areas to define the strategies and decisions for fire combat and management.
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Feinberg, Steven. "The Effects of Functional Restoration on Disability and Impairment." Guides Newsletter 20, no. 6 (November 1, 2015): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.2015.novdec02.
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Abstract The treatment of chronic pain conditions is difficult, time consuming, expensive, and, all too often, unsuccessful. An effective alternative is chronic pain rehabilitation or functional restoration (FR). An FR team works together to help patients achieve better outcomes with reduced disability. The basic treatment goals of early and chronic FR rehabilitation programs are functional improvement; improved abilities in performance of activities of daily living (ADL); a return to leisure, sport, and vocational activities; and improved pharmacologic management of pain and related affective distress. Individuals at risk of developing chronic pain conditions may benefit from an FR program because physical and psychological interventions can be used before the disability becomes chronic. FR programs emphasize a multidisciplinary, biopsychosocial approach in which physicians, psychologists, and occupational, physical, and relaxation therapists work in concert. FR treatment includes quantification of physical deficits, psychosocial and socioeconomic assessment, and an emphasis on reconditioning the injured area or body part. The team-centered approach includes simulation of work or activity; disability management using cognitive–behavioral approaches; psychopharmacologic management that focuses on improving analgesia, sleep, and affective distress; and, in appropriate cases, detoxification. FR is a patient-centered, whole-person, team approach that focuses on helping patients achieve individual goals that enable them to improve physical and psychosocial function, decrease pain, lessen disability, and improve quality of life, including return to work.
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Arabameri, Pradhan, Rezaei, and Lee. "Assessment of Landslide Susceptibility Using Statistical- and Artificial Intelligence-based FR–RF Integrated Model and Multiresolution DEMs." Remote Sensing 11, no. 9 (April 26, 2019): 999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11090999.
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Landslide is one of the most important geomorphological hazards that cause significant ecological and economic losses and results in billions of dollars in financial losses and thousands of casualties per year. The occurrence of landslide in northern Iran (Alborz Mountain Belt) is often due to the geological and climatic conditions and tectonic and human activities. To reduce or control the damage caused by landslides, landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM) and landslide risk assessment are necessary. In this study, the efficiency and integration of frequency ratio (FR) and random forest (RF) in statistical- and artificial intelligence-based models and different digital elevation models (DEMs) with various spatial resolutions were assessed in the field of LSM. The experiment was performed in Sangtarashan watershed, Mazandran Province, Iran. The study area, which extends to 1,072.28 km2, is severely affected by landslides, which cause severe economic and ecological losses. An inventory of 129 landslides that occurred in the study area was prepared using various resources, such as historical landslide records, the interpretation of aerial photos and Google Earth images, and extensive field surveys. The inventory was split into training and test sets, which include 70 and 30% of the landslide locations, respectively. Subsequently, 15 topographic, hydrologic, geologic, and environmental landslide conditioning factors were selected as predictor variables of landslide occurrence on the basis of literature review, field works and multicollinearity analysis. Phased array type L-band synthetic aperture radar (PALSAR), ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer), and SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) DEMs were used to extract topographic and hydrologic attributes. The RF model showed that land use/land cover (16.95), normalised difference vegetation index (16.44), distance to road (15.32) and elevation (13.6) were the most important controlling variables. Assessment of model performance by calculating the area under the receiving operating characteristic curve parameter showed that FR–RF integrated model (0.917) achieved higher predictive accuracy than the individual FR (0.865) and RF (0.840) models. Comparison of PALSAR, ASTER, and SRTM DEMs with 12.5, 30 and 90 m spatial resolution, respectively, with the FR–RF integrated model showed that the prediction accuracy of FR–RF–PALSAR (0.917) was higher than FR–RF–ASTER (0.865) and FR–RF–SRTM (0.863). The results of this study could be used by local planners and decision makers for planning development projects and landslide hazard mitigation measures.
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Kurniawan, Hendi, and Ida Ayu Ari Anggraeni. "Analisis Risiko Rantai Pasok Material Terhadap Keterlambatan Pelaksanaan Proyek Konstruksi." Rekayasa Sipil 14, no. 1 (February 15, 2020): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.rekayasasipil.2020.014.01.6.
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The uncertainty of the supply chain in the process of procuring building materials can be a risk that results in delays in the implementation of construction projects. This study aims to analyze the material supply chain risks that affect delays in the implementation of construction projects. Supply chain risks are classified from Supply, Control, Demand, and Process. Data collection by survey method and respondents selected by purposive sampling method. The analysis used is the AHP method. The risk response is confirmed to the expert by the interview method. The results of the risk assessment found that the late delivery of material due to non-current financial problems with FR = 0.703 was the most risky factor resulting in project development delays.
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Fernandes, B. M., S. Garcia, S. Ganhão, M. Rato, F. Pinheiro, M. Bernardes, and L. Costa. "SAT0449 SPONDYLOARTHRITIS AND FRACTURE RISK: DOES DXA REALLY HAVE AN IMPACT IN THE RISK OF FRACTURE ESTIMATED BY FRAX?" Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1181.1–1182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.1570.
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Background:Low bone mineral density (BMD) is common in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The fracture risk (FR) is increased and its reduction with pharmacologic therapy is not clearly defined in this population. However, early screening and bisphosphonates as first-line treatment are recommended.Objectives:To investigate the influence of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in the ten-year risk of fracture assessed by FR Assessment Tool (FRAX) and to determine possible demographic or clinical factors associated with an increased FR in a spondyloarthritis (SpA) population.Methods:Retrospective study including all the over 40 years-old SpA patients (ASAS classification criteria) followed at our Rheumatology Department and registered in the national database. Demographic, clinical and laboratorial data were collected at the time of the last follow-up visit. Data from the last DXA (until 3 years prior to the last visit) were collected. Indication for pharmacological treatment by FRAX was assessed according to the national recommendations.Results:A total of 231 SpA patients were included: 126 males (54.5%), 53 (22.9%) smokers; 171 (74%) had AS, 23 (10%) had Inflammatory Bowel Disease Associated SpA and 37 (16%) had Undifferentiated SpA. At the last follow-up visit, the mean age was 52.9 years (±9.6) and the median disease duration was 21.9 years [1.0-55.5]. The mean ASDAS-CRP was 2.5 (±0.9) and the majority of patients had moderate (25.5%) or high (48.5%) disease activity (according to ASDAS). One hundred and thirty patients (56.3%) were taking NSAIDs, 45 (19.5%) were taking glucocorticoids, 85 (36.8%) were under csDMARDs and 170 (73.6%) under bDMARDs [157 (68%) under TNFi, 11 (4.8%) under secukinumab and 2 (0.9%) under ustekinumab].Eleven patients (4.8%) had previous fragility fractures, 118 (51.1%) had DXA in the last 3 years and 167 (72.3%) were taking calcium and/or vitamin D supplements.Sixteen patients (6.9%) had indication for treatment by FRAX without DXA and 9 of these (56.3%) were already under treatment. Similarly, 16 (6.9%) had indication for treatment by FRAX with DXA and 13 of these (81.3%) were already under treatment. Ten patients (4.3%) were reclassified in FRAX with DXA: 7 (3%) had no indication for treatment by FRAX without DXA but obtained it by FRAX with DXA and 3 (1.3%) had indication for treatment by FRAX without DXA but they lost it by FRAX with DXA. We found a moderate level of agreement in the indication for treatment between FRAX with and without DXA (kappa=0.595; p<0.001). The use of DXA in FRAX estimated a significant higher median FR, both for major osteoporotic fracture (2.4% [0.8-31.0] vs 1.8% [0.6-20.0]; p<0.001) and for hip fracture (0.5% [0.0-23.0] vs 0.2% [0.0-14.0]; p<0.001).We found significant correlations between FR and some disease-related variables (table 1).Table 1.Correlations between the risk of fracture estimated by FRAX and disease-related variables.Disease durationBASDAIASDAS-CRPBASMIBASFIEstimated fracture risk by FRAX:without DXAmajor osteoporotic fracturer=0.352p<0.001r=0.204p=0.002r=0.214p=0.001r=0.301p<0.001r=0.317p<0.001hip fracturer=0.389p<0.001r=0.142p=0.034r=0.170p=0.011r=0.305p<0.001r=0.275p<0.001with DXAmajor osteoporotic fracturer=0.227p=0.014r=0.314p=0.001r=0.356p<0.001r=0.293p=0.002r=0.379p<0.001hip fracturen.s.r=0.197p=0.036r=0.269p=0.004r=0.271p=0.004r=0.258p=0.006Conclusion:Our results showed that a similar number of patients had indication for pharmacological treatment by FRAX both with and without DXA. Although the inclusion of DXA resulted in a higher estimated FR by FRAX, the observed moderate level of agreement between FRAX with and without DXA suggests that the FR estimation by FRAX, even without DXA, may be a reasonable approach in SpA patients. In line with literature, we found significant associations between the estimated risk fracture by FRAX and some disease activity and function measures.Disclosure of Interests:Bruno Miguel Fernandes: None declared, Salomé Garcia: None declared, Sara Ganhão: None declared, Maria Rato: None declared, Filipe Pinheiro: None declared, Miguel Bernardes Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Amgen, Biogen, Eli-Lilly, Glaxo-Smith-Kline, Pfizer, Janssen, Novartis, Lúcia Costa: None declared
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Vogiatzi, Maria, Eric Macklin, Robert Schneider, Joseph Lane, Irina Chaikodinov, Nancy Olivieri, Melanie Kirby, et al. "Vertebral Abnormalities by Spine Morphometry in Thalassemia." Blood 108, no. 11 (November 16, 2006): 3829. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.3829.3829.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Background: The Thalassemia Clinical Research Network previously reported a high prevalence of low bone mass in thalassemia (thal) despite current treatment practices. Currently we report the association of vertebral compression fractures (frs) and vertebral (vert) growth disturbances with bone pain, bone mass, bone turnover and therapies in thal. Methods: Vert frs (T10-L4) were assessed by morphometry. Vert compression frs by quantitative assessment (Fr-qt) were defined as anterior or mid-vert hts at least 25% shorter than posterior hts or average vert ht at least 25% shorter than hts of adjacent vert. Frs by qualitative assessment (Fr-ql) and growth plate (GP) abnormalities were determined. Bone mineral density by DXA and bone turnover markers were measured. Results: 353 thal pts were studied 64% beta-thal major (beta-TM) 12% beta-thal Intermedia 11% E/beta-thal 11% HbH 1% alpha thal 1% stem cell transplant pts, mean age 23 (SD 12 yrs, range 6 – 75 yrs). General bone pain and back pain were self-reported for the 30 days prior to morphometry by 34% and 26% pts, respectively. Fr-qt occurred in 41 (12%) and Fr-ql in 9 (2.5%), while only 7 pts (2%) had a history of vertebral fr and prevalence did not differ by type of thal or gender. Fr-qt and Fr-ql prevalence increased with age (Fr-qt p < 0.1; Fr-ql p < 0.001). After controlling for age, lumbar DXA Z or T scores were negatively associated with frs (odds ratio for 1-SD increase: Fr-qt 0.670, 95% CI 0.488 to 0.921, p = 0.01; Fr-ql 0.303, 95% CI 0.125 to 0.730, p < 0.01). Hypertransfusion, yrs or onset of chelation, serum transferrin receptor or ferritin did not correlate with frs after controlling for age. Decreased ht Z score (p < 0.01) and growth hormone deficiency (GHD) (p = 0.01) were associated with higher risk for Fr-qt after correcting for age. Hypogonadism was also associated with Fr-qt but not after correction for age (odds ratio 1.916, 95% CI 0.927 to 3.959 p = 0.08). Presence of Fr-ql but not Fr-qt was correlated with generalized bone and back pain specifically (Fr-ql vs. back pain odds ratio 11.05, 95% CI 2.035 to 110.2, p = 0.001). GP abnormalities were present in 30 pts (9%), including 7 (2%) who also had Fr-qt. Prevalence of GP did not differ by gender but was more common in beta-TM pts (13%), E-beta thal (5%) and among all others (0%) (p=0.04). In beta-TM pts, lumbar DXA Z or T scores (p < 0.01), ht Z scores (p < 0.001) and age that chelation was started (p < 0.01) were all negatively associated with GP abnormalities after controlling for age. Hypogonadism (p = 0.001) and GHD (p = 0.04) were positively associated with GP abnormalities after controlling for age. Presence of GP was not correlated with either general bone pain or back pain specifically. Conclusions: Morphometry identified vert abnormalities in 18% of thal pts. These included moderate to severe vert wedging or GP disturbances. A subgroup of pts (2.5%) also had vert compression frs by radiologic assessment. Morphometry vert lesions were associated with low bone mass. Back pain was strongly correlated with radiologic frs but not with other lesions seen by morphometry.
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Jong, Sun Zek, Norizzati Saedon, Sarah Kiyu, Pey June Tan, and Maw Pin Tan. "46 The Relationship between Cognitive Function and Physical Performance among Older Adults Attending a Falls and Syncope Service in Kuala Lumpur." Age and Ageing 48, Supplement_4 (December 2019): iv9—iv12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afz164.46.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Introduction Recent studies identified a relationship between gait difficulties and risk of developing dementia, a condition now termed motoric cognitive risk. We interrogated a clinical dataset to determine the relationship between cognitive assessment scores and physical performance scores to identify the strength of association between these two types of measures. Methods Consecutive patients referred to the falls and syncope service and the University of Malaya Medical Centre were recruited. The cognitive function of consenting individuals was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Visual Cognitive Assessment Tool (VCAT). Physical performance was assessed using hand grip strength (HGS), timed-up-and-go (TUG) and functional reach (FR). Results One hundred and forty-seven individuals, mean age (standard deviation,SD)=76.1 (7.8) years, 85 (58%) women were included. The mean (SD) for right and left HGS, FR and TUG scores for the overall population were 19.1 (7.0)kg, 19.0 (12.1)kg, 28.9 (39.7)cm, TUG 19.2 (11.0)s respectively. The mean MoCA and VCAT scores were 21.1 (7.1) and 20.3 (6.3) respectively. Right HGS correlated moderately with MoCA (r=0.367) and VCAT scores (r=0.397). Left HGS had a weak to moderate correlation with MoCA (r=0.281) and VCAT (0.271). FR, however, was not correlated with either MoCA (r=0.073) and VCAT (0.020). TUG scores were moderately negatively correlated with MoCA (-0.3206) but weakly correlated with VCAT (-0.175) Conclusion Our evaluation of the relationship between cognitive scores and physical performance in a falls and syncope clinic setting found that a relationship exists between muscle strength measured with grip strength and composite assessment of gait and balance using the TUG. Dynamic balance measured with functional reach, however, was not associated with cognitive function. Future studies will need to identify the possible mechanisms linking cognitive function with strength and gait in order to establish cognitive function as a modifiable risk factor for falls in older adults.
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Janik, Paweł, Maciej Zawistowski, Radosław Fellner, and Grzegorz Zawistowski. "Unmanned Aircraft Systems Risk Assessment Based on SORA for First Responders and Disaster Management." Applied Sciences 11, no. 12 (June 9, 2021): 5364. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11125364.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Worldwide, there is a significant increase in the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) by emergency services. They offer a lot of possibilities during rescue operations. Such a wide application for various purposes and environments causes many threats related to their use. To minimize the risks associated with conducting air operations with UAVs, the application of the SORA (Specific Operations Risk Assessment) methodology will be important. Due to its level of detail, it is a methodology adapted to civilian use. In this article, the authors’ team will try to develop guidelines and directions for adapting SORA to the requirements of the operational work of emergency services. Thus, the following article aims to present the most important risks related to conducting operations with the use of UAVs by first responders (FRs), and to show the sample risk analysis performed for this type of operation on the example of the ASSISTANCE project. The paper describes, on the one hand, possibilities offered by UAVs in crisis or disaster management and step-by-step Specific Operations Risk Assessment (SORA), and on the other hand, presents possible threats, consequences and methods of their mitigation during FR missions.
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Chang, W. S., Y. Rukayadi, Nor-Khaizura M.A.R., Najwa M.S., C. H. Kuan, Malcolm T.T.H., C. Y. New, et al. "Step-wise risk assessment of Vibrio vulnificus infection associated with the consumption of cockles." Food Research 3, no. 5 (February 20, 2019): 587–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.3(5).102.
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Nahar, K. M., M. S. I. Khan, M. Habib, S. M. Hossain, M. D. H. Prodhan, and M. A. Islam. "Health risk assessment of pesticide residues in vegetables collected from northern part of Bangladesh." Food Research 4, no. 6 (October 18, 2020): 2281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.4(6).309.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The use of synthetic pesticides for agricultural production in developing countries like Bangladesh is unavoidable. Therefore, there is also a concern for the residual effects in public health. The present study aimed to assess the health hazards associated with the residual effect of pesticides in two common vegetables (cauliflower and tomato) collected from five different markets of a northern city of Bangladesh. A total 80 samples (i.e. 40 of each vegetable) were collected for the analysis of seven major organophosphorus insecticides namely acephate, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, dimethoate, fenitrothion, malathion and quinalphos used in that region. Modified QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) extraction technique and GC-FTD (Gas Chromatography coupled with Flame Thermionic Detector) used for the analysis of the samples. Results indicate that 11 (6 cauliflower, 5 tomato) analyzed samples contained residues which are about 14% of the total number of samples. Most of the samples contaminated diazinon at a level above EU-MRLs. However, health risk assessment based on ADI, the contaminated samples were safe. Continuous monitoring together with a sample traceability system is suggested to protect consumers’ health from the cumulative effects of other contaminated dietary products.
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Palmieri, Raffaele, Francesco Buccisano, Alfonso Piciocchi, Valentina Arena, Anna Candoni, Lorella MA Melillo, Valeria Calafiore, et al. "Validation of ELN2017 Risk Stratification in a Post-Hoc Analysis of the Prospective Biomarker-Based Gimema AML1310 Protocol." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2020): 34–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-139773.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: In the 2017 version of the ELN recommendations (ELN2017), a comprehensive evaluation of karyotype and mutational status of specific genes (e.g. FLT3 and NPM1) allows to classify patients (pts) with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) into 3 prognostically distinct risk groups (favorable, intermediate and adverse-risk). Before the publication of the ELN2017 guidelines, the Gruppo Italiano Malattie Ematologiche MAligne (GIMEMA) conducted a prospective trial (AML1310) in which prognostic classification relied on the risk assessment criteria (NCCN2009) at that time available. In this post-hoc analysis, we investigated the applicability of the ELN2017 risk stratification to the AML1310 study population. Methods: After induction and consolidation, pts in complete remission (CR) were to receive autologous stem cell transplant (AuSCT) if categorized as favorable-risk (FR) (CBF-AML, NPM1-mutated) or allogeneic stem cell transplant (ASCT) if adverse-risk (AR) (FLT3-ITD, complex karyotype). Intermediate-risk pts (IR) were to receive AuSCT or ASCT based on the post-consolidation levels of MRD as measured by flow-cytometry. Baseline genetic/cytogenetic, together with RUNX1/RUNX1T1, CBFb/MYH11, NPM1, FLT3 mutational status (including the FLT3 allelic ratio for those positive) were used to retrospectively classify pts according to the ELN2017. Results: All 500 pts, enrolled in the AML1310 trial, were included in the present analysis. Retrospective allocation was feasible in 445/500 (89%) cases and pts lacking crucial information for a proper ELN2017 assignment, defined a control group (ELN2017-NC). Median age was 49 (range 18-61). The re-assignmentaccording to the ELN2017, resulted in 186 pts (41.8%) belonging to the FR category (ELN2017-FR), 179 (40.2%) to the IR (ELN2017-IR) and 80 (18%) to the AR (ELN2017-AR) ones. Moreover, 55 (11%) pts were considered ELN2017-NC. Based on this process of re-assignment, 173 pts were reclassified according to ELN2017: 6 from NCCN FR (1 ELN2017-NC, 4 ELN2017-IR, 1 ELN2017-AR), 54 from NCCN IR (34 ELN2017-NC, 4 ELN2017-IR, 1 ELN2017-AR), and 113 from NCCN AR (20 ELN2017-NC, 38 ELN2017-FR, 55 ELN2017-AR) groups. After 1-2 cycles of induction, 361 (72%) pts obtained CR or CR incomplete (CRi): 163 (88.1%), 114 (65%), 45 (56.2%) and 39 (70%) in the ELN2017-FR, ELN2017-IR, ELN2017-AR and ELN2017-NC groups, respectively (p<0.001). Among 342 transplant candidates, 111/177 (82 [73.9%] ELN2017-FR, 19 [17.1%] ELN2017-IR, 2 [1.8%] ELN2017-AR, 8 [7.2%] ELN2017-NC) and 132/165 (25 [18.9%] ELN2017-FR, 61 [46.2%] ELN2017-IR, 25 [18.9%] ELN2017-AR, 21 [15.9%] ELN2017-NC) received AuSCT and ASCT, respectively (p<0.001). According to ELN2017 risk classification, the four groups significantly differed (p < 0.001) in terms of 2-years overall survival (OS) (68.8% vs. 51.3% vs. 45.8% vs. 42.8% for the ELN2017-FR, ELN2017-IR, ELN2017-NC, and ELN2017-AR groups, respectively). [Figure 1] Then, we investigated the impact of AuSCT and ASCT on each ELN2017 category; this evaluation was not possible for ELN2017-AR pts since only 2 of them received AuSCT. Among ELN2017-FR pts, a significant benefit of AuSCT over ASCT was observed (2-years OS of 83.3% vs. 66.7%, respectively; p=0.0421). In the ELN2017-IR group, AuSCT and ASCT performed equivalently (2-years OS of 73.9% vs. 70.8%, respectively). In univariate analyses, OS duration was shorter for pts from the ELN2017-AR (HR=2.203, CI 1.496-3.246; p<0.0001), ELN2017-IR (HR=1.796, CI 1.293-2-494; p=0.0005), and ELN2017-NC (HR=2.267, CI 1.488-3.228; p=0.0001). Multivariate model for OS prediction highlighted the role of age (HR=1.033, p<.0001), ELN2017 assignment and transplant (analyzed as a time-dependent covariate) (HR=0.674, p=0.0185), as the most significant prognostic variables. Summary/Conclusion: In this GIMEMA AML1310 post-hoc analysis, we confirmed that the ELN2017 classification is able to accurately define pts that can benefit from different post-remission strategies. Specifically, AuSCT granted longer survival in FR pts, while for IR pts AuSCT and ASCT performed equally when minimal residual disease was used as a driver for opting between one of the two. In conclusion, ELN classification is a reliable grouping system that, combined with MRD assessment, helps addressing pts to the most appropriate treatment. Such an hypothesis will be prospectively challenged in the next GIMEMA trial AML1819. Disclosures Luppi: Abbvie: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Gilead Sci: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Sanofi: Consultancy; Daiichi-Sankyo: Consultancy; MSD: Consultancy. Voso:Bristol Myers Squibb: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Venditti:Pfizer: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company), Speakers Bureau; Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company); Jazz: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company); AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company); Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company); Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company).
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Popa, Mihnea Cristian, Daniel Peptenatu, Cristian Constantin Drăghici, and Daniel Constantin Diaconu. "Flood Hazard Mapping Using the Flood and Flash-Flood Potential Index in the Buzău River Catchment, Romania." Water 11, no. 10 (October 12, 2019): 2116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11102116.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The importance of identifying the areas vulnerable for both floods and flash-floods is an important component of risk management. The assessment of vulnerable areas is a major challenge in the scientific world. The aim of this study is to provide a methodology-oriented study of how to identify the areas vulnerable to floods and flash-floods in the Buzău river catchment by computing two indices: the Flash-Flood Potential Index (FFPI) for the mountainous and the Sub-Carpathian areas, and the Flood Potential Index (FPI) for the low-altitude areas, using the frequency ratio (FR), a bivariate statistical model, the Multilayer Perceptron Neural Networks (MLP), and the ensemble model MLP–FR. A database containing historical flood locations (168 flood locations) and the areas with torrentiality (172 locations with torrentiality) was created and used to train and test the models. The resulting models were computed using GIS techniques, thus resulting the flood and flash-flood vulnerability maps. The results show that the MLP–FR hybrid model had the most performance. The use of the two indices represents a preliminary step in creating flood vulnerability maps, which could represent an important tool for local authorities and a support for flood risk management policies.
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Wong, J. X., C. H. Kuan, S. H. Saw, S. N. Chen, C. W. Tan, S. K. Yeo, C. S. Kuan, et al. "Quantitative Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis risk assessment from consumption of hard-boiled eggs, half-boiled eggs and raw eggs among Malaysians." Food Research 5, no. 3 (June 27, 2021): 385–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.5(3).709.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
High occurrences of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis outbreak from table eggs have been reported worldwide over the past two decades. Consumptions of hard-boiled and half-boiled eggs are popular among Malaysians. However, there is a lack of study in the risk assessment of salmonellosis associated with different egg consumption patterns. The purpose of this study was to determine the survival rate of S. enterica ser. Enteritidis in different methods for cooking eggs (hard-boiled, half-boiled and a minimally cooked egg with hot cocoa drink) using the simulation model of consumers eating habits and the risk associated with different egg consumptions patterns. In this study, S. enterica ser. Enteritidis was not detected in the hard-boiled egg samples. However, the survival rate of S. enterica ser. Enteritidis in both the half-boiled and the raw egg samples were 3.15 log CFU/mL and 7.01 log CFU/mL, respectively. The Monte Carlo Simulation applying quantitative microbial risk assessments (QMRA) was carried out using 10,000 iterations to access the risk of acquiring salmonellosis by consuming eggs cooked under different heat treatments. The total dosage of S. enterica ser. Enteritidis ingested per serving meal in the hard-boiled, half-boiled and minimally cooked eggs were 0.00 CFU/g, 7.526×104 CFU/ mL and 5.433×108 CFU/mL, respectively. The consumptions of half-boiled and minimally cooked eggs were above infectious dosage level (102 to 104 CFU/mL). The annual risk for the three feature of methods were 0.00, 1.00 and 1.00, respectively. In this study, it was indicated that there was a high probability of acquiring salmonellosis through the consumption of half-boiled and minimally cooked eggs. Thus, the fully cooked eggs should be taken instead of the undercooked eggs to avoid consuming S. enterica ser. Enteritidis.
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Waqas, Hassan, Linlin Lu, Aqil Tariq, Qingting Li, Muhammad Fahad Baqa, Jici Xing, and Asif Sajjad. "Flash Flood Susceptibility Assessment and Zonation Using an Integrating Analytic Hierarchy Process and Frequency Ratio Model for the Chitral District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan." Water 13, no. 12 (June 12, 2021): 1650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13121650.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Pakistan is a flood-prone country and almost every year, it is hit by floods of varying magnitudes. This study was conducted to generate a flash flood map using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and frequency ratio (FR) models in the ArcGIS 10.6 environment. Eight flash-flood-causing physical parameters were considered for this study. Five parameters were based on the digital elevation model (DEM), Advanced Land Observation Satellite (ALOS), and Sentinel-2 satellite, including distance from the river and drainage density slope, elevation, and land cover, respectively. Two other parameters were geology and soil, consisting of different rock and soil formations, respectively, where both layers were classified based on their resistance against water percolation. One parameter was rainfall. Rainfall observation data obtained from five meteorological stations exist close to the Chitral District, Pakistan. According to its significant importance in the occurrence of a flash flood, each criterion was allotted an estimated weight with the help of AHP and FR. In the end, all the parameters were integrated using weighted overlay analysis in which the influence value of the drainage density was given the highest value. This gave the output in terms of five flood risk zones: very high risk, high risk, moderate risk, low risk, and very low risk. According to the results, 1168 km2, that is, 8% of the total area, showed a very high risk of flood occurrence. Reshun, Mastuj, Booni, Colony, and some other villages were identified as high-risk zones of the study area, which have been drastically damaged many times by flash floods. This study is pioneering in its field and provides policy guidelines for risk managers, emergency and disaster response services, urban and infrastructure planners, hydrologists, and climate scientists.
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Habib, M., A. Kaium, M. S. I. Khan, M. D. H. Prodhan, N. Begum, M. T. I. Chowdhury, and M. A. Islam. "Residue level and health risk assessment of organophosphorus pesticides in eggplant and cauliflower collected from Dhaka city, Bangladesh." Food Research 5, no. 3 (June 27, 2021): 369–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.5(3).624.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Residue levels of seven organophosphorus pesticides in two vegetables (eggplant and cauliflower) collected from major markets of Dhaka city, Bangladesh were analysed. The collected samples were analysed using a modified Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe (QuEChERS) extraction technique by Gas Chromatography coupled with Flame Thermionic Detector (GC-FTD). Among the 50 analysed samples of the eggplant 12% samples contained residues of chlorpyrifos (0.384~0.980 mg/kg), 6% samples contained residue of dimethoate (0.052~0.132 mg/kg) and 2% samples contained residue of diazinon (0.01 mg/kg). Whereas, among the 50 samples of cauliflower, 12% samples contained residues of chlorpyrifos (0.056~0.540 mg/kg), 8% samples contained residues of diazinon (0.033~0.42 mg/kg) and 2% samples contained residues of quinalphos (0.06 mg/kg). The chlorpyrifos was found as the most frequently detected organophosphorus pesticide. Among the 21 contaminated samples, 20 were above EU-MRL. Short and long-term health risk assessment based on ARfD and ADI indicates that the intake risks of eggplant and cauliflower were in the acceptable range. Nevertheless, establishing strong monitoring and traceability system together with controlling pre-harvest interval needed to ensure food safety, consumer confidence and promote vegetable export from Bangladesh.
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Goddard, Jack, Jemma Castle, Emily Southworth, Anya Fletcher, Stephen Crosier, Idoia Martin-Guerrero, Miguel Garcia-Ariza, et al. "MEDB-71. Molecular characterisation of group 4 medulloblastoma improves risk-stratification and its biological understanding." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_1 (June 1, 2022): i123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac079.445.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Group 4 (MBGrp4) accounts for ~40% of medulloblastoma and the majority of non-WNT/non-SHH cases, yet its underpinning biology is poorly understood, and survival outcomes are not sufficiently explained by established clinico-pathological risk factors. We investigated the clinical and molecular correlates of MBGrp4, including second-generation methylation non-WNT/non-SHH subtypes (I-VIII) and whole chromosome aberration (WCA) subtypes (defined by chromosome 7 gain, 8 loss, and 11 loss; WCA-favourable risk [WCA-FR] ≥2 features, WCA-high risk [WCA-HR] ≤1 feature). A clinically-annotated MBGrp4 discovery cohort (n=378) was assembled from UK CCLG institutions, collaborating centres and SIOP-UKCCSG-PNET3/HIT-SIOP-PNET4 clinical trials. Contemporary molecular profiling integrating methylation/WCA subtypes and next-generation sequencing was performed. Survival modelling was carried out with patients >3 years old who received craniospinal irradiation (n=336). Association analysis confirmed relationships between methylation and WCA subtypes. Subtypes VI and VII were enriched for WCA-FR (p<0.0001) and aneuploidy, whereas subtype VIII was defined solely by i17q (p<0.0001). Whilst we observed an overall low mutational burden, WCA-HR harboured recurrent mutations in genes involved in chromatin remodelling (p=0.007). No gene-specific events were associated with disease risk, however integration of both methylation subtype and WCA groups enabled improved risk-stratification survival models that outperformed current schemes. The optimal MBGrp4-specific model stratified patients into: favourable-risk (local disease, subtype VII or subtype VI with WCA-FR; 39/194 [20%], 97% 5-year PFS), very-high-risk (metastatic disease with WCA-HR; 71/194 [37%], 50% 5-year PFS) and high-risk (remaining patients; 84/194 [43%], 67% 5-year PFS). Findings were validated in independent cohorts. Comprehensive clinico-molecular assessment of MBGrp4 provides important understanding of its clinical and biological heterogeneity. Our novel MBGrp4 stratification scheme removes standard risk disease and identifies a favourable risk group (20% of MBGrp4) with potential for therapy de-escalation. Current therapeutic strategies are insufficient for the very-high risk group (encompassing 37% of MBGrp4), for whom novel therapies are urgently required.
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Abdallah, K. M. E., A. E. Elhelaly, R. M. M. Hebishy, W. S. Darwish, and H. M. M. El-Sherbiny. "Prevalence of different mold genera and total aflatoxin content in frozen chicken meat and giblets: a health risk assessment study." Food Research 5, no. 6 (November 21, 2021): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.5(6).753.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study aimed at investigating the prevalence of different mould genera and total aflatoxins (AFTs) content in the retailed frozen chicken breast, thigh, and giblets, including wings, livers, and gizzards. Furthermore, the estimated daily intakes (EDI) of AFTs were calculated. Aflatoxin-related cancer risks among Egyptian adults and children were further assessed using the margin of exposure (MOE) approach. The obtained results indicated mould contamination of the examined chicken breast, thigh, wings, livers, and gizzards at 40%, 30%, 25%, 70%, and 60%, respectively. Aspergillus spp. and Penicillium spp. were the most predominant mould genera among the examined samples. Further identification of the isolated Aspergilli revealed that Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus were the dominant Aspergillus spp. AFTs were detected only in 40% and 25% of the examined liver and gizzard samples, respectively. Positive correlations between AFTs and total mould counts in both livers and gizzards were observed. Calculation of the EDI and MOE of AFTs via consumption of chicken livers and gizzards revealed that excessive consumption of such products represents a potential risk, particularly among children. Therefore, it is highly recommended to adopt strict hygienic measures during the processing and storage of chicken carcasses and reduce the daily intake of chicken livers and giblets.
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Tariq, Aqil, Jianguo Yan, Bushra Ghaffar, Shujing Qin, B. G. Mousa, Alireza Sharifi, Md Enamul Huq, and Muhammad Aslam. "Flash Flood Susceptibility Assessment and Zonation by Integrating Analytic Hierarchy Process and Frequency Ratio Model with Diverse Spatial Data." Water 14, no. 19 (September 29, 2022): 3069. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14193069.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Flash floods are the most dangerous kinds of floods because they combine the destructive power of a flood with incredible speed. They occur when heavy rainfall exceeds the ability of the ground to absorb it. The main aim of this study is to generate flash flood maps using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Frequency Ratio (FR) models in the river’s floodplain between the Jhelum River and Chenab rivers. A total of eight flash flood-causative physical parameters are considered for this study. Six parameters are based on remote sensing images of the Advanced Land Observation Satellite (ALOS), Digital Elevation Model (DEM), and Sentinel-2 Satellite, which include slope, elevation, distance from the stream, drainage density, flow accumulation, and land use/land cover (LULC), respectively. The other two parameters are soil and geology, which consist of different rock and soil formations, respectively. In the case of AHP, each of the criteria is allotted an estimated weight according to its significant importance in the occurrence of flash floods. In the end, all the parameters were integrated using weighted overlay analysis in which the influence value of drainage density was given the highest weight. The analysis shows that a distance of 2500 m from the river has values of FR ranging from 0.54, 0.56, 1.21, 1.26, and 0.48, respectively. The output zones were categorized into very low, low, moderate, high, and very high risk, covering 7354, 5147, 3665, 2592, and 1343 km2, respectively. Finally, the results show that the very high flood areas cover 1343 km2, or 6.68% of the total area. The Mangla, Marala, and Trimmu valleys were identified as high-risk zones of the study area, which have been damaged drastically many times by flash floods. It provides policy guidelines for risk managers, emergency and disaster response services, urban and infrastructure planners, hydrologists, and climate scientists.
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Azmi, N. N. A. N., Y. H. Leong, T. C. Tan, and M. Y. Ang. "Monochloropropanediols (MCPD) esters and glycidyl esters (GE) in infant formulas and challenges of palm oil industry in Malaysia: a review." Food Research 5, no. 1 (February 13, 2021): 488–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.5(1).503.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Infant formula is an exclusive diet that offers the requisite nutrients for infants up to 6 months prior to the introduction of solids in their diet. Vegetable oils in infant formulas that serve as a source of fat could be contamination of monochloropropanediols (MCPD) and glycidol. The toxicity of MCPD and glycidol was highlighted in several studies implied health risk for exposed children, especially with their low body weight. This paper reviewed the occurrence of MCPD and glycidyl esters in infant formulas marketed in various countries, including risk assessment and associated estimated dietary exposure. From the selected studies published between 2015 to 2019, the presence of the contaminants was detected, but their concentrations decreased over the years indicating a low potential health risk to infants. These have been linked to the success of the vegetable oil producers' implementation of mitigation strategies. The paper also discusses the infant formula market in Malaysia, as well as the association of the use of palm oil in infant and follow-up formula in the Malaysian market. As one of the largest producers and exporters of palm oil and palm oil by-products, Malaysia is taking serious steps and the mitigation strategies it is exercising to reduce the level of MCPD and glycidol to comply with the regulation proposed by the European Commission. However, more studies are needed to gain a clearer view of the association between the use of palm oil in infant formulas and the occurrence of MCPD esters and glycidols, as well as their risk assessment.
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Dunsky, Ayelet, Aviva Zeev, and Yael Netz. "Balance Performance Is Task Specific in Older Adults." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6987017.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Balance ability among the elderly is a key component in the activities of daily living and is divided into two types: static and dynamic. For clinicians who wish to assess the risk of falling among their elderly patients, it is unclear if more than one type of balance test can be used to measure their balance impairment. In this study, we examined the association between static balance measures and two dynamic balance field tests. One hundred and twelve community-dwelling older adults (mean age 74.6) participated in the study. They underwent the Tetrax static postural assessment and then performed the Timed Up and Go (TUG) and the Functional Reach (FR) Test as dynamic balance tests. In general, low-moderate correlations were found between the two types of balance tests. For women, age and static balance parameters explained 28.1–40.4% of the variance of TUG scores and 14.6–24% of the variance of FR scores. For men, age and static balance parameters explained 9.5–31.2% of the variance of TUG scores and 23.9–41.7% of the variance of FR scores. Based on our findings, it is suggested that a combination of both static and dynamic tests be used for assessing postural balance ability.
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Pendrill, L. R., A. Allard, N. Fischer, P. M. Harris, J. Nguyen, and I. M. Smith. "Software to Maximize End-User Uptake of Conformity Assessment With Measurement Uncertainty, Including Bivariate Cases. The European EMPIR CASoft Project." NCSL International Measure 13, no. 1 (February 2021): 58–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.51843/measure.13.1.6.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Facilitating the uptake of established methodologies for risk-based decision-making in product conformity assessment taking into account measurement uncertainty by providing dedicated software is the aim of the European project EMPIR CASoft(2018–2020), involving the National Measurement Institutes from France, Sweden and the UK, and industrial partner Trescal (FR) as primary supporter. The freely available software helps end-users perform the required risk calculations in accordance with current practice and regulations and extends that current practice to include bivariate cases. The software is also aimed at supporting testing and calibration laboratories in the application of the latest version of the ISO/IEC 17025:2017 standard, which requires that“…the laboratory shall document the decision rule employed, taking into account the level of risk […] associated with the decision rule and apply the decision rule.” Initial experiences following launch of the new software in Spring 2020 are reported.
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Ziermans, Tim, Adela-Maria Isvoranu, Frederike Schirmbeck, Hilde Geurts, and Lieuwe De Haan. "M83. AUTISTIC TRAITS AS LINKING PIN TO SOCIAL FUNCTIONING IN PSYCHOSIS: A NETWORK APPROACH." Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, Supplement_1 (April 2020): S166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa030.395.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Background Both psychotic and autistic traits are related to poor social outcome in individuals with psychotic disorders (PD). However, it is unknown how specific trait clusters relate to each other and which are pivotal to social functioning. The aim of the present study was to use a network approach to address this issue and to investigate whether relations are similar in individuals with a familial risk for psychosis (FR) or typical comparisons (TC). Methods The total sample consisted of 1413 individuals (504 PD, 572 FR, and 337 TC). Traits were assessed with the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ; 5 nodes) and the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE; 9 nodes). Social functioning was measured with the Social Functioning Scale (7 nodes). Results Overall our results show that autistic traits are more negatively and closely related to social functioning, particularly in the interpersonal environment, than psychotic traits. These relations are more intrinsically connected for the PD network, as more and stronger connections between nodes were observed than for the FR and TC networks. In addition, the latter two networks appeared strikingly similar with only few unique relations. Discussion Presence of autistic traits generally have a negative effect on social functioning, but in PD they may have a disproportional detrimental effect on psychopathology and levels of social functioning. These findings emphasize the need for increased clinical awareness of autistic comorbidity in psychotic patients to help enrich their daily social environments.
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Kislitsyna, V. V., D. V. Surzhikov, R. A. Golikov, and M. A. Mukasheva. "Assessment of the impact on the health of the population of emissions from rolling production of a metallurgical plant." Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, no. 6 (July 10, 2020): 359–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2020-60-6-359-363.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. Th e development of the metallurgical industry in Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo region, has led to a diffi cult environmental situation. Determining the relationship between exposure to atmospheric emissions and the health of the population based on the risk assessment methodology is an urgent hygiene issue. The aim of the study is to assess the risk of health problems from emissions from rolling production of a metallurgical plant.Materials and methods. We used data from the volume of maximum permissible emissions of the enterprise. Calculations of maximum single and average annual concentrations of pollutants were carried out using the program “ECOcenter-Standard”. Public health risks were calculated and compared with acceptable values. Th e work also determined the values of risk levels taking into account background concentrations.Results. Priority pollutants were identifi ed: diiron trioxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, benz(a)pyrene. Th e maximum one-time and average annual concentrations of substances at the selected calculation points were determined, and the maximum permissible concentration of diiron trioxide was found to be exceeded. Immediate action risk levels are zero. The highest risk levels of chronic intoxication, expressed as a percentage of a unit, are observed from exposure to diiron trioxide (0.004-0.043) and nitrogen dioxide (0.001-0.012). The maximum total level of risks of chronic intoxication (0.012) is observed at the point of exposure to concentrations #3 from the infl uence of nitrogen dioxide, which is due to the close location of pollution sources. The carcinogenic risk from exposure to benz(a)pyrene ranges from 1×10-8 to 9×10-8 (as a fraction of a unit). The combined values of carcinogenic risk and immediate action risk are below the acceptable risk level. In seven points of exposure to concentrations, the total risk of chronic intoxication exceeds the acceptable level by 1.10-3.45 times.The greatest risk of immediate action, taking into account background concentrations, is observed from the action of carbon monoxide and benz(a)pyrene. Th e carcinogenic risk exceeds the acceptable level by 6-12 times. The risk of chronic intoxication, taking into account the background, exceeds an acceptable level. Th e highest total risk levels are typical for the Kuznetsky district of Novokuznetsk. Conclusions. Atmospheric emissions fr om rolling mill production contribute to air pollution in the city, increasing the risk of chronic intoxication.
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Zhou, Xiaoting, Weicheng Wu, Ziyu Lin, Guiliang Zhang, Renxiang Chen, Yong Song, Zhiling Wang, et al. "Zonation of Landslide Susceptibility in Ruijin, Jiangxi, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 11 (May 31, 2021): 5906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115906.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Landslides are one of the major geohazards threatening human society. The objective of this study was to conduct a landslide hazard susceptibility assessment for Ruijin, Jiangxi, China, and to provide technical support to the local government for implementing disaster reduction and prevention measures. Machine learning approaches, e.g., random forests (RFs) and support vector machines (SVMs) were employed and multiple geo-environmental factors such as land cover, NDVI, landform, rainfall, lithology, and proximity to faults, roads, and rivers, etc., were utilized to achieve our purposes. For categorical factors, three processing approaches were proposed: simple numerical labeling (SNL), weight assignment (WA)-based and frequency ratio (FR)-based. Then 19 geo-environmental factors were respectively converted into raster to constitute three 19-band datasets, i.e., DS1, DS2, and DS3 from three different processes. Then, 155 observed landslides that occurred in the past decades were vectorized, among which 70% were randomly selected to compose a training set (TS1) and the remaining 30% to form a validation set (VS1). A number of non-landslide (no-risk) samples distributed in the whole study area were identified in low slope (<1–3°) zones such as urban areas and croplands, and also added to the TS1 and VS1 in the same ratio. For comparison, we used the FR approach to identify the no-risk samples in both flat and non-flat areas, and merged them into the field-observed landslides to constitute another pair of training and validation sets (TS2 and VS2) using the same ratio of 7:3. The RF algorithm was applied to model the probability of the landslide occurrence using DS1, DS2, and DS3 as predictive variables and TS1 and TS2 for training to obtain the SNL-based, WA-based, and FR-based RF models, respectively. Verified against VS1 and VS2, the three models have similar overall accuracy (OA) and Kappa coefficient (KC), which are 89.61%, 91.47%, and 94.54%, and 0.7926, 0.8299, and 0.8908, respectively. All of them are much better than the three models obtained by SVM algorithm with OA of 81.79%, 82.86%, and 83%, and KC of 0.6337, 0.655, and 0.660. New case verification with the recent 26 landslide events of 2017–2020 revealed that the landslide susceptibility map from WA-based RF modeling was able to properly identify the high and very high susceptibility zones where 23 new landslides had occurred, and performed better than the SNL-based and FR-based RF modeling, though the latter has a slightly higher OA and KC. Hence, we concluded that all three RF models achieve reasonable risk prediction, but WA-based and FR-based RF modeling deserves a recommendation for application elsewhere. The results of this study may serve as reference for the local authorities in prevention and early warning of landslide hazards.
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Rehman, Adnanul, Jinxi Song, Fazlul Haq, Shakeel Mahmood, Muhammad Irfan Ahamad, Muhammad Basharat, Muhammad Sajid, and Muhammad Sajid Mehmood. "Multi-Hazard Susceptibility Assessment Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process and Frequency Ratio Techniques in the Northwest Himalayas, Pakistan." Remote Sensing 14, no. 3 (January 24, 2022): 554. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14030554.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Globally, natural hazards have become more destructive in recent times because of rapid urban development and exposure. Consequently, significant human life loss, the damage to property and infrastructure, and the collapse of the environment directed the attention of geoscientists to control the consequences and risk management in relation to geo-hazards. In this research, an effort was made to produce a compound map, geo-visualizing the susceptibility of multi-hazards, to select suitable sites for sustainable future development and other economic activities in the region. Muzaffarabad District was chosen as a case research area due to the high magnitude of hydro-meteorological and geological hazards. On the one hand, both selected geo-hazard inventories were developed using the field survey and remote sensing data. The subjective and objective weight of all the causative factors and their classes were calculated using the assembled geospatial techniques, such as the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Frequency Ratio (FR) in the Geographic Information System (GIS). The results reveal that the most suitable areas are distributed in the southern and northwestern parts, which can be used for future sustainable development and other economic activities. In contrast, the eastern and western regions, including Muzaffarabad City, are within high and very susceptibility zones. Finally, more than 50% of the land area is located in very low and low susceptibility zones. The validation of the proposed model was checked by using three different techniques: the Receiver Operative Characteristic (ROC) curve, Seed Cell Area Index (SCAI), and Frequency Ratio (FR). Both ROCs, the Success Rate Curve (SRC) and the Predictive Rate Curve (PRC), showed the goodness of fit for both the selected geo-hazards: landslides (81.3%) and floods (93.2%), at 80.1% and 91.7%, respectively. All the validation techniques showed good fitness for both the individual and multi-hazard maps. The proposed model sets a baseline for policy implementation for all the stakeholders to minimize the risk and sustainable future development in areas of high frequent geo-hazards.
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Kushwaha, Dinesh Kumar, Dilbagh Panchal, and Anish Sachdeva. "Risk analysis of cutting system under intuitionistic fuzzy environment." Reports in Mechanical Engineering 1, no. 1 (December 3, 2020): 162–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31181/rme200101162k.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) is popular and versatile approach applicable to risk assessment and safety improvement of a repairable engineering system. This method encompasses various fields such as manufacturing, healthcare, paper mill, thermal power industry, software industry, services, security etc. in terms of its application. In general, FMEA is based on Risk Priority Number (RPN) score which is found by product of probability of Occurrence (O), Severity of failure (S) and Failure Detection (D). As human judgement is approximate in nature, the accuracy of data obtained from FMEA members depend on degree of subjectivity. The subjective knowledge of members not only contains uncertainty but hesitation too which in turn, affect the results. Fuzzy FMEA considers uncertainty and vagueness of the data/ information obtained from experts. In order to take into account, the hesitation of experts and vague concept, in the present work we propose integrated framework based on Intuitionistic Fuzzy- Failure Mode Effect Analysis (IF-FMEA) and IF-Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (IF-TOPSIS) techniques to rank the listed failure causes. Failure cause Fibrizer (FR) was found to be the most critical failure cause with RPN score 0.500. IF-TOPSIS has been implemented within IF-FMEA to compare and verify ranking results obtained by both the IF based approaches. The proposed method was presented with its application for examining the risk assessment of cutting system in sugar mill industry situated in western Uttar Pradesh province of India. The result would be useful for the plant maintenance manager to fix the best maintenance schedule for improving availability of cutting system.
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Jitjak, W. "Assessment of toxin-producing genes in Aspergillus species from traditional herbal products in Khon Kaen province, Thailand using molecular method." Food Research 6, no. 4 (August 3, 2022): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.6(4).551.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A large number of traditional herbal products from medicinal plants are available in local markets. However, the risk of fungal contamination especially toxigenic Aspergillus species, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus was potentially possible. Thus, this study targeted to investigate the prevalence of A. niger and A. flavus and the occurrence of genes encoding toxins, aflatoxins and ochratoxin A among the fungi using the molecular method in 33 herbal products randomly collected from local markets in Khon Kaen province, Thailand. Based on the identification using DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), there were two Aspergillus species, A. niger and A. flavus, with prevalence rates of 73.6% and 0.1% respectively. The genes related to aflatoxins and ochratoxin A were undetectable in all isolates. This study suggested the products were naturally contaminated with the fungi, but they were safe from the toxigenic A. niger and A. flavus.
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Venditti, Adriano, Alfonso Piciocchi, Raffaele Palmieri, Valentina Arena, Anna Candoni, Valeria Calafiore, Lorella MA Melillo, et al. "Results of the 6-Year Follow-up of the Gimema AML1310 Trial: A Risk-Adapted, MRD-Directed Therapy for Young Adults with Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia." Blood 138, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2021): 2359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-147200.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Background: In the AML1310 trial, we applied a comprehensive AML risk assessment, based on the integration of cytogenetic/genetic data and measurable residual disease (MRD) status, to optimize patients' (pts) therapeutic post-remission allocation. By doing so and using the NCCN2009 risk-stratification, favorable-risk (FR) pts (NPM1 mut/FLT3-ITD wt or CBF positive without c-Kit mutations) were to receive an autologous stem cell transplant (AuSCT); poor-risk (PR) pts (adverse karyotype or FLT3-ITD mut) were to receive an allogeneic stem cell transplant (ASCT); intermediate-risk (IR) pts (intermediate karyotype or FLT3-TKD mut or CBF positive with c-Kit mut) were to receive AuSCT or ASCT depending on the levels of MRD, measured by flow cytometry after consolidation therapy. Allocation to ASCT required the procedure to be performed whatever the source of stem cells (identical sibling, unrelated, cord blood, haploidentical). At that stage of analysis, 2-year overall (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of the whole series was 56% and 54%, respectively. Two-year OS and DFS were 74% and 61% in the FR category, 42% and 45% in the PR category, 79% and 61% in the IR MRD-negative category, 70% and 67% in the IR MRD-positive category (Venditti, Blood 2019:134(12);935-945) . Aims: With an extended median follow-up of 6 years, we wanted to evaluate the long-term impact on outcome of the strategy explored in the AML1310 trial. Specifically, we meant to analyze long-term duration of OS and DFS according to the category of risk, and the corresponding post-remission therapy delivered. Results: Three hundred-61/500 patients (72%) achieved a CR, 342/361 completed the consolidation phase and were treatment allocated: 165 (48%) to ASCT (122 PR, 43 IR MRD-positive) plus 23 rescued after salvage therapy, for a total of 188 candidates; 150 (44%) to AuSCT (115 FR, 35 IR MRD-negative) plus 27 IR patients (8%) with no leukemia-associated phenotype, for a total of 177 candidates. Overall, 110/177 (62%) and 130/188 (71%) AuSCT or ASCT candidates received it, respectively. Median OS and DFS was 3.1 and 2.9 years, respectively. Probability of 6-years OS and DFS of the whole series was 43.6% and 43.1%, respectively; cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) was 39.7%. Probability of 6-years OS and DFS were 58.5% and 50.1% in the FR category; 35.4% and 38.0% in the PR category; 43.1% and 45.7% in the IR category. Probability of 6-year OS and DFS of patients with no LAIP detected was 32.5% and 29.1% (Fig.1 A-B). We did not observe difference in OS and DFS between the IR-MRD negative and IR-MRD positive category: 56.6% vs 62.3% and 51.6% vs 48.6%, respectively. Six-year CIR was 42.2%, 37.6% and 35.8% in the FR, PR and IR category, respectively (Fig. 1 C). Six-year CIR of patients with no LAIP detected was 50% (Fig.1 C). Six-year CIR and non relapse mortality (NRM) of transplanted patients was 35% and 15.8%, respectively (Fig.1 D). Conclusions: With an extended follow-up of 6 years, the present analysis confirms the long-term advantage of adopting a risk-adapted, MRD-directed strategy to implement the post-remission therapeutic decision. For patients belonging to the FR or IR-MRD negative category, an excess of toxicity was prevented by delivering an AuSCT. This is also in keeping with the ELN2017 recommendations, suggesting that AuSCT still has a role in selected situations. On the other hand, the vast majority of PR and IR-MRD positive patients received an ASCT, with a remarkable 6-year OS and DFS benefit. The effectiveness of such an approach translated in a low NRM in transplanted patients. Six-year OS, DFS and CIR of no LAIP patients also confirm that the choice of AuSCT was suboptimal and that in this situation ASCT should have been preferred. Based on the present knowledge, an MRD-directed approach is being explored also in FR patients, in the GIMEMA AML1819 trial. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Venditti: Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria; Pfizer: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Gilead: Consultancy, Honoraria; Astellas: Consultancy, Honoraria; Abbvie: Consultancy, Honoraria; Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding. Luppi: Abbvie: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria; Sanofi: Honoraria; MSD: Honoraria; Gilead Science: Honoraria, Other: Travel grant; Daiichi-Sankyo: Honoraria; Jazz Pharma: Honoraria. Voso: Celgene/BMS: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Jazz: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Abbvie: Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Speakers Bureau. Vignetti: Novartis: Honoraria; Incyte: Honoraria; Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria. Buccisano: Novartis: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau.
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Galantino, Mary Lou, Robyn Tiger, Jennifer Brooks, Shera Jang, and Kim Wilson. "Impact of Somatic Yoga and Meditation on Fall Risk, Function, and Quality of Life for Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Syndrome in Cancer Survivors." Integrative Cancer Therapies 18 (January 2019): 153473541985062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534735419850627.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objective. Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) syndrome causes significant pain as an adverse effect of treatment, with few nonpharmacological interventions tested. A somatic yoga and meditation (SYM) intervention on functional outcomes and quality of life (QOL) was investigated. Design and methods. Individuals diagnosed with CIPN were enrolled in an open-label, single-arm, mixed-methods feasibility trial. Participants and Setting. In an outpatient rehabilitation center, ten participants with median age 64.4 years (47-81) attended 61% of the sessions with no adverse events. Intervention. SYM twice a week for 8 weeks for 1.5 hours, with home program and journaling. Main outcome measures. Primary functional outcomes included Sit and Reach (SR), Functional Reach (FR), and Timed Up and Go (TUG). Self-reported Patient Neurotoxicity Questionnaire (PNQ) and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy—Neurotoxicity (FACT-GOG-NTX) were secondary CIPN outcomes. Biomarkers included salivary cortisol (stress) and bioesthesiometer (vibration). Results: Quantitative findings. Significant improvements were found in flexibility (SR; P = .006); balance (FR; P = .001) and fall risk (TUG; P = .004). PNQ improved significantly ( P = .003) with other measures improving non-significantly. Qualitative findings. Five themes emerged: (1) vacillation of CIPN pain perception over time; (2) transferability of skills to daily activities; (3) improvement in physical function; (4) perceived relaxation as an effect of SYM; and (5) group engagement provided a social context for not feeling isolated with CIPN. Conclusion. Preliminary data suggest SYM may improve QOL, flexibility, and balance in cancer survivors with CIPN, with a fully powered randomized controlled trial indicated. Trial registration: NCT03786055
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Hendrickson, Rebecca C., Roisín A. Slevin, Katherine D. Hoerster, Bernard P. Chang, Ellen Sano, Catherine A. McCall, Gillian R. Monty, Ronald G. Thomas, and Murray A. Raskind. "The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health, Occupational Functioning, and Professional Retention Among Health Care Workers and First Responders." Journal of General Internal Medicine 37, no. 2 (December 16, 2021): 397–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11606-021-07252-z.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly affected front-line health care workers (HCW) and first responders (FR). The specific components of COVID-19 related occupational stressors (CROS) associated with psychiatric symptoms and reduced occupational functioning or retention remain poorly understood. Objectives Examine the relationships between total and factored CROS, psychiatric symptoms, and occupational outcomes. Design Observational, self-report, single time-point online assessment. Participants A total of 510 US HCW (N = 301) and FR (N = 200) with occupational duties affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Main Outcomes and Measures CROS were assessed using a custom 17-item questionnaire. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, insomnia, and generalized anxiety symptoms were assessed using the PTSD Checklist-5 (PCL5), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ9), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD7). Respondents’ likelihood of leaving current field and occupational functioning were assessed with 2-item PROMIS subscales. Relationships were modeled using multivariable regression. Open-ended responses were coded using rapid template analysis. Results CROS total scores correlated significantly with all four psychiatric symptom domains (R’s = .42–.53), likelihood of leaving one’s current occupation (R = .18), and trouble doing usual work (R = .28), all p’s < .001. Half of HCW indicated a decreased likelihood of staying in their current occupation as a result of the pandemic. CROS were fit to a 3-factor model consisting of risk, demoralization, and volume factors. All CROS factors were associated with psychiatric symptom burden, but demoralization was most prominently associated with psychiatric symptoms and negative occupational outcomes. Among psychiatric symptoms, PTSD symptoms were most strongly associated with negative occupational outcomes. Open-ended statements emphasized lack of protection and support, increased occupational demands, and emotional impact of work duties. Conclusions and Relevance These results demonstrate potentially treatable psychiatric symptoms in HCW and FR experiencing CROS, impacting both wellbeing and the health care system. Mitigating CROS, particularly by addressing factors driving demoralization, may improve HCW and FR mental health, occupational functioning, and retention.
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Soong, A. C., N. M. Isa, A. Z. Aris, H. Haris, and L. J. Looi. "Total mercury in rice plant (Oryza sativa) collected from Sekinchan, Selangor, Malaysia and associated health risks." Supplementary 1 5, S1 (February 21, 2021): 132–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.5(s1).018.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Consumption of mercury-contaminated rice could pose a potential health risk to humans. In this study, total mercury (THg) concentrations in various parts (roots, stems, leaves, and grains) of rice plant (Oryza sativa) collected from Sekinchan, Selangor, Malaysia were analysed for risk assessment. The THg concentrations in collected samples were analysed by Direct Mercury Analyzer (DMA-80). The mean concentrations found in plant parts were as follows: root, 47.01±0.42 µg/kg; stem, 6.43±1.77 µg/kg; leaf, 26.25±4.71 µg/kg; grain, 2.64±0.42 µg/kg. THg distribution in rice plants was roots > leaves > stems and grains. The mean THg concentration in grain (2.64±0.42 µg/kg) was below the maximum permitted proportion stipulated by Malaysian Food Regulation 1985 (50.0 µg/ kg). The estimated weekly intake (EWI) of THg through rice was 0.07±0.01 µg/kg bw/ week for 60 kg adult, below the provisional tolerable weekly intakes (PTWI) as suggested by JECFA indicating unlikely to cause impairment of public health due to consumption of rice planted in this region. However, periodical monitoring of mercury pollution in Selangor area is crucial because mercury contamination in crops could jeopardize food safety and security
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Cochet, Anthony A., and Daniel A. Bellin. "Surgery Averted Using a Novel, Minimally Invasive Approach to Treat Very Severe Radial Artery Spasm." Case Reports in Cardiology 2017 (2017): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8487056.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A 42-year-old male admitted with a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction was referred for invasive angiographic assessment. Based on preprocedural assessment, the right radial artery approach was selected. Despite possessing none of the consensus risk factors for radial artery spasm, in addition to receiving standard arterial spasm prophylaxis and conscious sedation, the patient suffered very severe radial artery spasm with initial catheter placement, resulting in entrapment of a 5 Fr pigtail catheter within the left ventricle. After exhausting traditional methods for resolution of radial artery spasm, surgical intervention appeared to be the only remaining option for removal of the entrapped catheter. Prior to committing to surgery, use of an axillary nerve block to hinder sympathetic vascular tone was suggested and attempted. This intervention resulted in atraumatic catheter removal. We present a case of very severe radial artery spasm refractory to customary interventions, alleviated with a novel, minimally invasive technique, which spared surgical intervention.
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Kaurin, Tea, Tanja Pušić, Tihana Dekanić, and Sandra Flinčec Grgac. "Impact of Washing Parameters on Thermal Characteristics and Appearance of Proban®—Flame Retardant Material." Materials 15, no. 15 (August 4, 2022): 5373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15155373.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Proban® is a multiphase treatment of cotton fabrics based on the formation of pre-condensates using the flame retardant (FR) agent tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium salts (THPx). The assessment of the durability of a product demands a preliminary understanding of how relevant it is to extend its lifetime. It is therefore important to minimize the risk of agents impacting: (1) the protection level, (2) shape and dimensions, and (3) additional comfort characteristics of the fabric. This research focused on the impact of washing conditions on the durability of FR properties and appearance of Proban® cotton fabrics, which was systematically arranged through the variation in the chemistry distribution in the Sinner’s circle. The chemical share was varied in laboratory conditions as a simulation of industrial washing based on component dosing, where the temperature, time and mechanical agitation were constant. The washing of cotton fabrics was performed through 10 cycles in four baths containing high alkali components, medium alkali components, high alkali reference detergent and water. The environmental acceptability of washing procedures through effluent analysis was assessed by physico–chemical and organic indicators. The limited oxygen index (LOI), calorimetric parameters (micro combustion calorimetry), thermal stability and evolved gases during thermal decomposition (thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) coupled with an infrared spectrometer (TG–IR)), surface examination (FE-SEM), spectral characteristics and pH of the aqueous extract of the fabrics before and after 10 washing cycles were selected for proof of durability. The medium alkali bath was confirmed as a washing concept for Proban® cotton fabric through the preservation of FR properties examined through LOI, TGA, TG–IR and MCC parameters and appearance color and low level of fibrillation.
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Popa, Mihnea Cristian, and Daniel Constantin Diaconu. "Flood and Flash Flood Hazard Mapping Using the Frequency Ratio, Multilayer Perceptron and Their Hybrid Ensemble." Proceedings 48, no. 1 (November 12, 2019): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecws-4-06429.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The importance of identifying the areas vulnerable for both floods and flash-floods is an important component of risk management. The assessment of vulnerable areas is a major challenge in the scientific world. Adaptation and mitigation have generally been treated as two separate issues, both in public politics and in practice, in which mitigation is seen as the attenuation of the cause, and studies of adaption look into dealing with the consequences of climate change. Studies on the impact of climate change on flood risk are mostly conducted at the river basin or regional scale. Remote sensing and GIS technologies, together with the latest modelling techniques, can contribute to our ability to predict and manage floods. Various methods are commonly used to map flood sensitivity. Recent methods such as multicriteria evaluation, decision tree analysis (DT), fuzzy theory, weight of samples (WoE), artificial neural networks (ANN), frequency ratio (FR) and logistic regression (LR) approaches have been widely used by many researchers.