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1
Ansuini, Caterina, Andrea Cavallo, Lorenzo Pia, and Cristina Becchio. "The Role of Perspective in Mental Time Travel." Neural Plasticity 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3052741.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Recent years have seen accumulating evidence for the proposition that people process time by mapping it onto a linear spatial representation and automatically “project” themselves on an imaginedmental time line. Here, we ask whether people can adopt the temporal perspective of another person when travelling through time. To elucidate similarities and differences between time travelling from one’s own perspective or from the perspective of another person, we asked participants to mentally project themselves or someone else (i.e., a coexperimenter) to different time points. Three basic properties of mental time travel were manipulated: temporal location (i.e., where in time the travel originates: past, present, and future), motion direction (either backwards or forwards), and temporal duration (i.e., the distance to travel: one, three, or five years). We found that time travels originating in the present lasted longer in the self- than in the other-perspective. Moreover, for self-perspective, but not for other-perspective, time was differently scaled depending on where in time the travel originated. In contrast, when considering the direction and the duration of time travelling, no dissimilarities between the self- and the other-perspective emerged. These results suggest that self- and other-projection, despite some differences, share important similarities in structure.
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Boyd, Jeffrey. "A Symmetry Hidden at The Center of Quantum Mathematics Causes a Disconnect Between Quantum Math and Quantum Mechanics." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MATHEMATICS 13, no. 4 (November 24, 2017): 7379–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jam.v13i4.6413.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Although quantum mathematics is the most successful science ever, that does not mean we live in the universe described by quantum mechanics. This article is entirely based on symmetry. Two symmetrical universes could have exactly the same mathematics, but differ in other respects. The motivation for seeking symmetry inside quantum mathematics is that the QM picture of nature is bizarre. Richard Feynman says no one can understand it. We propose that the quantum world is not bizarre. QM portrays the wrong universe: the symmetrical one, not the one we inhabit. If quantum waves travel in the opposite direction as what is expected, then we would have the same math but a different universe, one that is recognizable and familiar. Wave equations are symmetrical with respect to time reversal. This means they are symmetrical with respect to wave direction reversal (with time going forwards). This wave equation symmetry is the basis of the symmetry of two models of the universe, only one of which is congruent with the universe we inhabit.
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Liu, Sixin, Zhuo Jia, Yinuo Zhu, Xueran Zhao, and Siyuan Cheng. "Optimized Refraction Travel Time Tomography." Applied Sciences 9, no. 24 (December 11, 2019): 5439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9245439.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In seismic refraction exploration, travel time tomography is the most widely used method in engineering and environmental geophysical exploration. In this paper, we mainly optimize the travel time tomography of refraction. First, with respect to the forward algorithm, we introduce a new travel time calculation method to improve the accuracy and efficiency of forward calculation. Based on the fast marching method (FMM), we introduce an improved forward calculation method called the multi-stencil fast marching method (MSFM). In the process of inversion, we propose a dynamic prior model composite constraint (DPMCC) method based on the T0 difference method from the idea of multi-scale inversion. Meanwhile, we use the prior information to improve the accuracy of inversion. Furthermore, we use the dynamic regularization factor selection method to make the inversion solution more stable and reliable. Finally, we test and analyze the synthetic data and the measured data to verify the effectiveness of the optimized travel time tomography algorithm.
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D'Argembeau, Arnaud, and Martial Van der Linden. "Emotional aspects of mental time travel." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 30, no. 3 (June 2007): 320–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x07002051.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractWe consider three possible reasons why humans might accord a privileged status to emotional information when mentally traveling backward or forward in time. First, mental simulation of emotional situations helps one to make adaptive decisions. Second, it can serve an emotion regulation function. Third, it helps people to construct and maintain a positive view of the self.
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Pandey, Prateek, and Ratnesh Litoriya. "Technology intervention for preventing COVID-19 outbreak." Information Technology & People 34, no. 4 (May 12, 2021): 1233–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/itp-05-2020-0298.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
PurposeThe purpose for writing this article is derived from the misery and chaos prevalent in the world due to the coronavirus pandemic – since late 2019 and still continuing as of December 2020.Design/methodology/approachA blockchain-based solution to verify the country visit trail and disease and treatment history of the passengers who arrive at the immigration counters located at various national borders and entry points is proposed. A fuzzy inference based suspect identifier system is also presented in this article that could be utilized to make further decisions based on the degree of suspicion observed on a particular passenger.FindingsThis paper attempted to put forth a blockchain-based system which consumes the healthcare and visit trail summary of a passenger (appearing for an interview before an immigration officer) and forwards it to a fuzzy inference system to reach to a conclusion that the passenger should be advised to self-quarantine, detained, or should be allowed to enter. Such a system would help to make correct decisions at the immigration counters to check pandemic diseases, like COVID-19, right at the entry points.Research limitations/implicationsThe implications of this work are manifold. First, the proposed framework works independent of the type of pandemic and is a readymade tool to check the spread of disease through infected human carriers. Second, the proposed framework will keep the mortality rates under check, which would give ample time for the authorities to save the lives of the people with co-morbidities and age vulnerabilities (Vichitvanichphong et al., 2018). Third, it is a general phenomenon to restrict the flights from the country where the first few cases of infection are discovered; however, the infected person, at the same time, might travel through alternative routes. The blockchain-enabled proposed framework ensures the detection of such cases at no other cost. Finally, the solution may appear costly in the first place, but it has the potential to hold back the revenue of the countries that would otherwise be spent on reactive measures.Originality/valueAs of now no other study or research article provides the solution to the biggest problem persists in the world in this way. The contribution is original and worth applying.
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Liu, Linan, Xiaomeng Zhao, Xinghui Yin, and Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf. "Image Fusion for Travel Time Tomography Inversion." Polish Maritime Research 22, s1 (September 1, 2015): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pomr-2015-0047.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The travel time tomography technology had achieved wide application, the hinge of tomography was inversion algorithm, the ray path tracing technology had a great impact on the inversion results. In order to improve the SNR of inversion image, comprehensive utilization of inversion results with different ray tracing can be used. We presented an imaging fusion method based on improved Wilkinson iteration method. Firstly, the shortest path method and the linear travel time interpolation were used for forward calculation; then combined the improved Wilkinson iteration method with super relaxation precondition method to reduce the condition number of matrix and accelerate iterative speed, the precise integration method was used to solve the inverse matrix more precisely in tomography inversion process; finally, use wavelet transform for image fusion, obtain the final image. Therefore, the ill-conditioned linear equations were changed into iterative normal system through two times of treatment and using images with different forward algorithms for image fusion, it reduced the influence effect of measurement error on imaging. Simulation results showed that, this method can eliminate the artifacts in images effectively, it had extensive practical significance.
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Mieth, Laura, Raoul Bell, and Axel Buchner. "The “Mnemonic Time-Travel Effect”." Experimental Psychology 66, no. 6 (November 2019): 437–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000461.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. This registered report aims at replicating the so-called “mnemonic time-travel” effect. Aksentijevic, Brandt, Tsakanikos, and Thorpe (2019) reported that memory was improved when their participants experienced backward motion before a memory test in comparison to when they experienced forward motion or no motion. This finding was interpreted as suggesting that backward motion brought individuals back to the moment of encoding. In the original study, the mnemonic time-travel effect was robustly found with various types of backward motion (real, simulated, and imagined). Such a spectacular finding calls for a preregistered replication. To determine the robustness of the effect, we performed a close replication of Experiment 4 of Aksentijevic et al. in which the mnemonic time-travel effect was most pronounced. Despite sufficient statistical power to detect an even considerably smaller effect than the one reported by Aksentijevic et al., we found no significant differences among the different motion conditions. The present results thus disconfirm the idea that experiencing backward motion improves memory which suggests that the empirical robustness of the mnemonic time travel effect should be further scrutinized before any conclusions about mnemonic space and time can be drawn.
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Blake, David, and John Pickles. "Mental Time Travel and Retirement Savings." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 14, no. 12 (December 3, 2021): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14120581.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We portray the valuation of retirement savings in terms of a mental time travel journey in which a proposed contribution to a pension plan is projected forward to the plan member’s retirement date and this projected value is then discounted back to today, thereby giving a present or personal value. We set this within a broader framework of pension planning, which seeks to smooth consumption over the lifecycle. We explain how two psychological biases—exponential growth bias and present bias—can lead to a difference between the initial value of a pension contribution and its present value, such a difference reflecting an asymmetry between projection and discounting, and how such a difference might lead to inadequate retirement savings and hence to a lower than desired standard of living in retirement. We consider how the two biases might be mitigated.
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Tong, P., D. Zhao, D. Yang, X. Yang, J. Chen, and Q. Liu. "Wave-equation-based travel-time seismic tomography – Part 1: Method." Solid Earth 5, no. 2 (November 26, 2014): 1151–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-5-1151-2014.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. In this paper, we propose a wave-equation-based travel-time seismic tomography method with a detailed description of its step-by-step process. First, a linear relationship between the travel-time residual Δt = Tobs–Tsyn and the relative velocity perturbation δ c(x)/c(x) connected by a finite-frequency travel-time sensitivity kernel K(x) is theoretically derived using the adjoint method. To accurately calculate the travel-time residual Δt, two automatic arrival-time picking techniques including the envelop energy ratio method and the combined ray and cross-correlation method are then developed to compute the arrival times Tsyn for synthetic seismograms. The arrival times Tobs of observed seismograms are usually determined by manual hand picking in real applications. Travel-time sensitivity kernel K(x) is constructed by convolving a~forward wavefield u(t,x) with an adjoint wavefield q(t,x). The calculations of synthetic seismograms and sensitivity kernels rely on forward modeling. To make it computationally feasible for tomographic problems involving a large number of seismic records, the forward problem is solved in the two-dimensional (2-D) vertical plane passing through the source and the receiver by a high-order central difference method. The final model is parameterized on 3-D regular grid (inversion) nodes with variable spacings, while model values on each 2-D forward modeling node are linearly interpolated by the values at its eight surrounding 3-D inversion grid nodes. Finally, the tomographic inverse problem is formulated as a regularized optimization problem, which can be iteratively solved by either the LSQR solver or a~nonlinear conjugate-gradient method. To provide some insights into future 3-D tomographic inversions, Fréchet kernels for different seismic phases are also demonstrated in this study.
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Suliyanti, Rini. "Evaluasi Kinerja Dalam Pelayanan Kereta Rel Listrik Eksekutif Jabodetabek." Warta Penelitian Perhubungan 22, no. 1 (January 31, 2010): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.25104/warlit.v22i1.996.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Problem that need to be handle at the moment is an unbalance demand for the executive class inrailwm; services accross Jabodetabek during rush hour traffic with the utilities capacity available,which is make low qualihJ factor of service . Conneccted to the problems above, various efforts ha-uebeen made btJ Kereta Api ( Persero), but it was not yet maximum refraction. So this str.A.dy wasconducted to determine the service performance of KRL, Executive Jabodetabek Using Seater Plotanalysis approach, btj set forward the analysis that need attention and imprmiement is the accuracyof trafel time, waiting time, standard rooms and llounge facilities, standards and facilities up dawninformation systems in train, there are variables which are not problematic, but needs tobe preservedis the level of safehJ, standard lighting, and expousure, air circulation, but there are other things thatneed attention is the level of travel speed trains, ticket purchase service information system at thestation, accuraciJ of travel time, waiting time of arrival, facilities for passenger trains up and dawn.Keyword : Level of service, KRL Jabodetabek, Eksekutif Class.
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Khaleel(M.A), Intisar Rashid. "Time Travel in Kurt Vonnegut's Slaughterhouse- Five." ALUSTATH JOURNAL FOR HUMAN AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 224, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.36473/ujhss.v224i1.250.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
For many years, time travel was the stuff of science fiction. This was all just part of the world's imagination until recently. Science authors, among them, Kurt Vonnegut (1922-2007) post-modern American writer, believe that one can travel through time forward or backward asking his memories and stream of consciousness to give sensory impressions of his thoughts and actions, that what Billy did in Vonnegut's Slaughter house- Five (1969). The protagonist Billy Pilgrim finds himself "unstuck in time" jumping between several periods of his life. Travelling between his experiences as a prisoner of war in World War II to his family life in 1950s, and 1960s and his time on Tralfmadorian Planet, Billy has the freedom and ability to travel; he has no control over these transitions. The present study falls into three sections plus a conclusion. The first section deals with the concept of time travel in literature and fiction. Section two presents historical and literary context to Vonnegut's novel. The treatment of time travel concept will be discussed in the third section. Then, the conclusions which sum up the findings of the research.
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Suddendorf, Thomas, and Michael C. Corballis. "Mental time travel across the disciplines: The future looks bright." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 30, no. 3 (June 2007): 335–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x0700221x.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThere is a growing interest in mental time travel in cognitive psychology, neuroscience, developmental psychology, comparative psychology, and evolutionary psychology. Here we review current issues in each of these disciplines. To help move the debates forward we name and distinguish 15 key hypotheses about mental time travel. We argue that foresight has for too long lived in the shadows of research on memory and call for further research efforts.
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Ma, Hong Wei. "The Optimization Model for Vehicle Routing Program Based on Travel Time Reliability." Applied Mechanics and Materials 543-547 (March 2014): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.12.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper analyzes the necessity of setting the travel time reliability as the optimization objective in distribution process. It based on traditional vehicle routing program models puts forward the problem of vehicle routing program problem on the basis of travel time reliability and establishes the corresponding optimization model. It also verifies the practicality of the proposed model in this paper by taking a logistic enterprise as an example. Therefore the established model of delivery vehicles which took travel time reliability as objective function has better application value for improving punctuality of distribution and level of service.
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Anelli, Filomena, Elisa Ciaramelli, Shahar Arzy, and Francesca Frassinetti. "Age-Related Effects on Future Mental Time Travel." Neural Plasticity 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1867270.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mental time travel (MTT), the ability to travel mentally back and forward in time in order to reexperience past events and preexperience future events, is crucial in human cognition. As we move along life, MTT may be changed accordingly. However, the relation between re- and preexperiencing along the lifespan is still not clear. Here, young and older adults underwent a psychophysical paradigm assessing two different components of MTT: self-projection, which is the ability to project the self towards a past or a future location of the mental time line, and self-reference, which is the ability to determine whether events are located in the past or future in reference to that given self-location. Aged individuals performed worse in both self-projection to the future and self-reference to future events compared to young individuals. In addition, aging decreased older adults’ preference for personal compared to nonpersonal events. These results demonstrate the impact of MTT and self-processing on subjective time processing in healthy aging. Changes in memory functions in aged people may therefore be related not only to memory per se, but also to the relations of memory and self.
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Rigon, Riccardo, Marialaura Bancheri, and Timothy R. Green. "Age-ranked hydrological budgets and a travel time description of catchment hydrology." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 20, no. 12 (December 15, 2016): 4929–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-4929-2016.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. The theory of travel time and residence time distributions is reworked from the point of view of the hydrological storages and fluxes involved. The forward and backward travel time distribution functions are defined in terms of conditional probabilities. Previous approaches that used fixed travel time distributions are not consistent with our new derivation. We explain Niemi's formula and show how it can be interpreted as an expression of the Bayes theorem. Some connections between this theory and population theory are identified by introducing an expression which connects life expectancy with travel times. The theory can be applied to conservative solutes, including a method of estimating the storage selection functions. An example, based on the Nash hydrograph, illustrates some key aspects of the theory. Generalization to an arbitrary number of reservoirs is presented.
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Tjiong, Jeff, Stephane Hess, Thijs Dekker, and Manuel Ojeda Cabral. "Impact of Travel Time Constraints on Taste Heterogeneity and Non-Linearity in Simple Time–Cost Trade-Offs." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 49 (September 24, 2018): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118798288.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Discrete choice models are a key technique for estimating the value of travel time (VTT). Often, stated choice data are used in which respondents are presented with trade-offs between travel time and travel cost and possibly additional attributes. There is a clear possibility that some respondents experience time constraints, leaving some of the presented options unfeasible. A model not incorporating information on these constraints would explain choices for faster and more expensive options as an indication that those respondents have a higher VTT when in reality they may be forced to select the more expensive option as a result of their personal constraints. This paper puts forward the hypothesis that this can have major impacts on findings in terms of heterogeneity in VTT measures. This paper examines via simulation the bias in VTT estimates and especially preference heterogeneity when such constraints are (not) accounted for. Empirical evidence is provided that preference heterogeneity is confounded with the travel budget impact on the availabilities of alternatives, and it is shown that there is a risk of producing biased estimates for appraisal VTT if studies do not explicitly model choice set formation. The inclusion of an opt-out alternative could be an effective measure to reduce the bias. This paper also explores the potential use of non-linear functional forms to capture the time budget impacts.
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Yuan, Huazhi, Zhaoguo Huang, and Hongying Zhang. "Travel Time Prediction Model of Freeway Corridor Based on Real-Time Safety Reliability." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (August 6, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8882011.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
By considering the feature of vehicle driving on the event management unit of the freeway corridor, according to the system target, a method to divide the management unit of the road network was put forward. The relative safety braking deceleration was taken as the evaluation index of single-vehicle driving risk. The reliability graph relationship and structure-function between the management unit and subunit were analyzed. Then, dynamic safety reliability and real-time safety reliability were determined on the basis of driving risk. In addition, the queuing and dissipating characteristics of the management unit under traffic incidents were analyzed based on the wave theory. The incident duration and dissipation time were also calculated. At the same time, the travel time prediction model of the incident management unit was set up when the real-time safety reliability was taken as a road resistance function. Finally, an improved travel time prediction model established in this paper is of great significance to improve traffic safety and efficiency, and the research results will provide an important theoretical foundation in the freeway corridor route decision.
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Martin, Strandgard, Mitchell Rick, and Acuna Mauricio. "Time consumption and productivity of a forwarder operating on a slope in a cut-to-length harvest system in a Pinus radiata D. Don pine plantation." Journal of Forest Science 63, No. 7 (July 28, 2017): 324–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/10/2017-jfs.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Time consumption and productivity of a Valmet 890.3 8 wheel forwarder were evaluated on an Australian radiata pine clearfell site with a slope of 21 to 45% (12 to 24°). Cycle time was significantly related to extraction distance. Productivity was significantly related to extraction distance and load volume. Slope did not have a significant effect on cycle time or productivity. Productivity was considerably greater than that for many published studies, which was likely to have been the result of many factors at the study site affecting load sizes and cycle times, including the large load capacity of the studied forwarder, larger mean log volumes, larger log volumes per loading stop, fewer log assortments, potentially larger forwarder grapple volume capacity, log lengths suited to efficient loading and higher travel speeds.
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Hey, Daniel R., Simon J. Murphy, Daniel Foreman-Mackey, Timothy R. Bedding, Benjamin J. S. Pope, and David W. Hogg. "Forward Modeling the Orbits of Companions to Pulsating Stars from Their Light Travel Time Variations." Astronomical Journal 159, no. 5 (April 10, 2020): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab7d38.
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Kou, Chun Ge, Shi Wei He, and Bi Sheng He. "Study on Connection Optimization of Last Train Departure Time on Urban Mass Transit Network." Advanced Materials Research 1030-1032 (September 2014): 2211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1030-1032.2211.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The operation and management of urban mass transit network put forward higher requirements for last trains‘ transfer connection. Based on the analysis of coordination relationship and timeliness of accessible routes, this paper puts forward a dynamic passenger volume distribution method according to the generalized travel cost. Then the connection optimization model of last train departure time is built to increase accessible passenger volume and reduce passengers’ transfer waiting time of all OD pairs for last trains. Finally, the validity and rationality of this model and algorithm is verified with numerical analysis.
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Suddendorf, Thomas, and Michael C. Corballis. "The evolution of foresight: What is mental time travel, and is it unique to humans?" Behavioral and Brain Sciences 30, no. 3 (June 2007): 299–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x07001975.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractIn a dynamic world, mechanisms allowing prediction of future situations can provide a selective advantage. We suggest that memory systems differ in the degree of flexibility they offer for anticipatory behavior and put forward a corresponding taxonomy of prospection. The adaptive advantage of any memory system can only lie in what it contributes for future survival. The most flexible is episodic memory, which we suggest is part of a more general faculty of mental time travel that allows us not only to go back in time, but also to foresee, plan, and shape virtually any specific future event. We review comparative studies and find that, in spite of increased research in the area, there is as yet no convincing evidence for mental time travel in nonhuman animals. We submit that mental time travel is not an encapsulated cognitive system, but instead comprises several subsidiary mechanisms. A theater metaphor serves as an analogy for the kind of mechanisms required for effective mental time travel. We propose that future research should consider these mechanisms in addition to direct evidence of future-directed action. We maintain that the emergence of mental time travel in evolution was a crucial step towards our current success.
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Qu, Lv Wen, Mei Wei Dai, Fu Jian Wang, and Zhi Yuan Zeng. "Time Distribution and Analysis of Traffic Accident Fatalities." Applied Mechanics and Materials 361-363 (August 2013): 2308–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.361-363.2308.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
According to hourly statistical data of road traffic accidents death toll during 1999~2004 of Zhejiang province, we found the death toll concentration phenomenon which is called phenomenon of 17 to 20 o'clock. And we discussed causes of high incidence of traffic accidents during 17 to 20 o'clock and put forward the corresponding countermeasures to reduce traffic accidents, according to the distribution pattern of deaths gender, age, travel purpose during these hours. The results of this research provide the foundation for reinforcing the traffic safety education and management.
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Galli Cornali, Sandra, Sylvie Moine, and Katharina Turnill. "langage écrit: un code parmi d’autres… autour de la «délinquance» orthographique." Travaux neuchâtelois de linguistique, no. 33 (December 1, 2000): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.26034/tranel.2000.2685.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this article we based our approach on an interactionist point of view which takes in account the social and relational aspects at stake in the acts of reading and writing. We aim to illustrate, through three clinical vignettes, what we see as a connection between written codes and social norms. The goal of this reflection being to put forward the link between these different aspects: cognition, emotion, socialization and language. Indeed, we noticed in our practices, that some adolescents and pre-adolescents tended to show at the same time difficulties in acquiring reading and writing skills aswell as accepting social norms and rules, and in our experience, these young people could only start to overcome their specific difficulties in learning to write and read when we, as speech therapists, took in account the concomitants symptoms.
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Zhang, Kaile, and Ichiro Koshijima. "Trend analysis of online travel review text mining over time." Journal of Modelling in Management 15, no. 2 (November 18, 2019): 491–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jm2-10-2018-0178.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose The reviews of online tourism have not been taken advantage of effectively because the text data of such reviews is enormous and its current, in-depth research is still in infancy. Therefore, it is expected that the text data could be processed by the method of text mining to better understand the implicit information. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to tourism practitioners and tourists to conveniently use the texts through appropriate visualization processing techniques. In particular, time-changing reviews can be used to reflect the changes in tourists’ feedback and concerns. Design/methodology/approach Latent semantic analysis is a new branch of semantics. Every term in the document can be regarded as a single point in multi-dimensional space. When a document with semantics comes into such space, the distribution of the document is not random, but will obey some type of semantic structure. Findings First, overall grasping for the big data is applicable. Second, propose a direct method is proposed that allows more non-language processing researchers or proprietors to use the data. Lastly, the results of changes in different spans of times are investigated. Originality/value This paper proposes an approach to disclose a significant number of travel comments from different years that may generate new ideas for tourism. The authors put forward a processing approach to deal with large amounts of texts of comments. Using the case study of Mt. Lushan, the various changes of travel reviews over the years are successfully visualized and displayed.
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Wen, Genggeng, Kuiyuan Wan, Shaohong Xia, Huilong Xu, Chaoyan Fan, and Jinghe Cao. "Travel-Time Inversion Method of Converted Shear Waves Using RayInvr Algorithm." Applied Sciences 11, no. 8 (April 16, 2021): 3571. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11083571.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The detailed studies of converted S-waves recorded on the Ocean Bottom Seismometer (OBS) can provide evidence for constraining lithology and geophysical properties. However, the research of converted S-waves remains a weakness, especially the S-waves’ inversion. In this study, we applied a travel-time inversion method of converted S-waves to obtain the crustal S-wave velocity along the profile NS5. The velocities of the crust are determined by the following four aspects: (1) modelling the P-wave velocity, (2) constrained sediments Vp/Vs ratios and S-wave velocity using PPS phases, (3) the correction of PSS phases’ travel-time, and (4) appropriate parameters and initial model are selected for inversion. Our results show that the vs. and Vp/Vs of the crust are 3.0–4.4 km/s and 1.71–1.80, respectively. The inversion model has a similar trend in velocity and Vp/Vs ratios with the forward model, due to a small difference with ∆Vs of 0.1 km/s and ∆Vp/Vs of 0.03 between two models. In addition, the high-resolution inversion model has revealed many details of the crustal structures, including magma conduits, which further supports our method as feasible.
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Wouters, Jacorien A. A., Kin-Fai Chan, Joost Kolkman, and Rutger W. Kock. "Customized Pretrip Prediction of Freeway Travel Times for Road Users." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1917, no. 1 (January 2005): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105191700104.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
One objective of the Department of Transport (DoT) in the Netherlands is to provide better information to road users about the traffic situation on Dutch freeways. The idea was put forward to use existing historical freeway inductive loop data to predict a customized pretrip travel time for road users. To investigate the feasibility and usefulness of that idea, DoT launched the AIDA project. A prototype database was constructed; it contained almost 2 years of travel time data for all Dutch freeway road sections with inductive loops. A statistical algorithm was designed to compute the average travel time for any freeway journey on any future date and time. An Internet trial application was built to test the database and algorithm. Accuracy of the travel time predictions was evaluated with independent loop data. The usefulness for road users was investigated with an online survey. Results show a good match between the predicted and actual travel times. Only in 10% of analyzed cases did the actual travel time exceed the predicted travel time by more than 5 min. Of 161 respondents, 50% indicated that they found the information useful. Furthermore, 22% indicated that they would consider a different departure time on the basis of AIDA information. Thus the project has shown convincingly that the AIDA concept is not only feasible but also useful to road users. Presently DoT is looking into the uses of the concept for road users and possibly also for traffic operators.
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Srigutomo, Wahyu, and Ghany Hanifan Muslim. "Fast Marching Method Aplication for Forward Modelling of Seismic Wave Propagation." Jurnal Geofisika 16, no. 3 (December 31, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.36435/jgf.v16i3.107.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
One of the classical problem in seismology is to determine time travel and ray path of seismic wave betweentwo points at a given heterogeneous media. This problem is expressed by eikonal equation and can be seen as a propagation of a wavefront and interface evolution. One of methods to solve this problem is Fast Marching Method abbreviated as FMM. This method is used to produce entropy-satisfying viscosity solution of eikonal equation. FMM combines viscosity solution of Hamilton-Jacobi equation and Huygen's Principle that centered on min-heap data structure to determine the minimum value at every loop. In this study, FMM is applied to determine time travel and raypath of seismic wave. FMM also is used to determine the location of wavesource using simple algorithm. From our forward modeling schemes, it is found that FMM is an accurate, robust, and effcient method to simulate seismic wave propagation. For further study, FMM also can be used to be a part of passive seismic inverse scheme to locate hypocenter location.
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Alrukaibi, Fahad, Rushdi Alsaleh, and Tarek Sayed. "Applying Machine Learning and Statistical Approaches for Travel Time Estimation in Partial Network Coverage." Sustainability 11, no. 14 (July 12, 2019): 3822. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11143822.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The objective of this study is to estimate the real time travel times on urban networks that are partially covered by moving sensors. The study proposes two machine learning approaches; the random forest (RF) model and the multi-layer feed forward neural network (MFFN) to estimate travel times on urban networks which are partially covered by moving sensors. A MFFN network with three hidden layers was developed and trained using the back-propagation learning algorithm, and the neural weights were optimized using the Levenberg–Marquardt optimization technique. A case study of an urban network with 100 links is considered in this study. The performance of the proposed models was compared to a statistical model, which uses the empirical Bayes (EB) method and the spatial correlation between travel times. The models’ performances were evaluated using data generated from VISSIM microsimulation model. Results show that the machine learning algorithms, e.g., RF and ANN, achieve average improvements of about 4.1% and 2.9% compared with the statistical approach. The RF, MFFN, and the statistical approach models correctly predict real time travel times with estimation accuracies reaching 90.7%, 89.5%, and 86.6% respectively. Moreover, results show that at low moving sensor penetration rate, the RF and MFFN achieve higher estimation accuracy compared with the statistical approach. At probe penetration rate of 1%, the RF, MFFN, and the statistical approach models correctly predict real time travel times with estimation accuracy of 85.6%, 84.4%, and 80.9% respectively. Furthermore, the study investigated the impact of the probe penetration rate on real time neighbor links coverage. Results show that at probe penetration rates of 1%, 3%, and 5%, the models cover the estimation of real time travel times on 73.8%, 94.8%, and 97.2% of the estimation intervals.
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Yang, Wei Dong, Dong Tao Fan, and Hua Bai. "A Heuristic Algorithm to Study the Influence of Road Preference on Network Capacity." Advanced Materials Research 694-697 (May 2013): 3361–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.694-697.3361.
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In this study, an algorithm was proposed to study the influence of road preference on the network capacity in urban transportation system. Of particular interest is to model the discrete choice model with respect to the road preference and the travel time. New formulations are presented in terms of the multi-objective road preference modeling and the travel time modeling for multi vehicle types. Compared with existing techniques, an improved heuristic method is put forward to explore the network capacity.
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Zhang, Qing Hua. "The Countermeasures of E-Business Development for Chinese Travel Companies." Key Engineering Materials 460-461 (January 2011): 288–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.460-461.288.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In recent years, Chinese travel companies have been following the tide of adopting e-business service. However, the development of e-business in the travel industry shall be in line with the times and occasions and travel companies shall take their actual situations into consideration. The paper carefully analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of developing e-business in Chinese tourism industry and thus put forward relevant countermeasures and trains of thought.
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Pratiwi, Indah Nur, Mohammad Syamsu Rosid, and Humbang Purba. "Reducing Residual Moveout for Long Offset Data in VTI Media Using Padé Approximation." E3S Web of Conferences 125 (2019): 15005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912515005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Modification of the hyperbolic travel time equation into non-hyperbolic travel time equation is important to increase the reduction residual moveout for long offset data. Some researchers have modified hyperbolic travel time equation into a non-hyperbolic travel time equation to obtain a more accurate value NMO velocity and parameter an-ellipticity or etha on the large offset to depth ratio (ODR) so that the residual moveout value is smaller mainly in large offset to depth ratio. The aims of research is to increase the reduction value of error residue at long offset data using Padé approximation then compare with several approximations. The method used in this study is to conduct forward modeling of the subsurface coating structure. The results of the three-dimensional analysis show that the Padé approximation has the best accuracy compared to the other travel time equations for ODR value up to 4 with an-ellipticity parameter is varying from 0 to 0.5. Testing of synthetic data for single layer on vertical transverse isotropy (VTI) medium obtained the maximum residual error value produced by the Padé approximation is 0.25% in ODR=4. Therefore, Padé approximation is better than other methods for reducing residual moveout.
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Wang, Xu, Jingni Song, and Qunqi Wu. "An Economic Equilibrium Model for Optimizing Passenger Transport Corridor Mode Structure Based on Travel Surplus." Sustainability 13, no. 7 (April 5, 2021): 4024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13074024.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Proper corridor configuration is the basic prerequisite for meeting demand to the maximum extent and optimally configuring transport resources. As the existing studies only pursue quantitative balance, without good understanding of the decision-making mechanism of passenger travel, they can hardly be used to guide effective infrastructure planning. The aim of this study was to put forward a new planning concept from the perspective of economics. Firstly, the decision-making mechanism of travel behavior was considered based on the demand subject, and the travel demand was classified. Next, the travel surplus of the demand subject was analyzed, and the travel decision-making criterion of maximizing the travel surplus was put forward. Then, a discrete economic equilibrium model for structural optimization of the passenger transport corridor was constructed and solved by the GlobalSearch algorithm. Finally, the effectiveness of the model and algorithm was verified through examples. The results indicate the good convergence of the algorithm. Different corridor travel demand, time value distribution and fixed cost of service mode all have great influence on the service mode configuration of the comprehensive transport passenger corridor and basically conform to the internal mechanism of supply and demand. The results show that the model and algorithm proposed in this paper are valid and can provide effective reference for the design and policy making of passenger transport corridor mode supply.
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Bouajaji, Rachid, Hassan Laarabi, Mostafa Rachik, and Abdelhadi Abta. "A Multiregion Discrete-Time Epidemic Model of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infections: An Optimal Control Approach." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2021 (June 5, 2021): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5594778.
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The main goal of this article is to devise the spatial-temporal spread of TB, in multiple neighboring domains, taking into account the epidemiological diversity of their populations. However, since both the environment and any population are spatially heterogeneous, it is obviously desirable to include spatial structure into an epidemic model. Individuals with tuberculosis can spread the disease by moving from one area to another. In addition, people travel by air between cities, so diseases can be spread quickly between very distant places (as was the case with the COVID-19). In our model, each region’s studied population is divided into five compartments S, L1, I, L2, and R. Further, we introduce in our discrete systems three control variables which represent the effectiveness rates of vaccination, travel-blocking operation, and treatment. We focus in our study to control the outbreaks of an epidemic that affects a hypothetical population belonging to a specific region. Firstly, we analyze the epidemic model when the control strategy is based on the vaccination control only, and secondly, when the travel-blocking control is added, we finish with the introduction of the treatment control. The optimal control theory, based on Pontryagin’s maximum principle, is applied thrice in this paper, for the characterizations of the vaccination, travel-blocking, and treatment controls. The numerical results associated with the multipoint boundary value problems are obtained based on the forward-backward sweep method combined with progressive-regressive Runge–Kutta fourth-order schemes.
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Victor, Oţăt, Oţăt Oana Victoria, and Oţăt Diana Alexandra. "Road safety-related determining of time and space braking under different travel conditions." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1220, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1220/1/012053.
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Abstract The present paper aims to determine the vehicle kinematic parameters during braking, namely the braking time and space needed. Considering different travel conditions, dry and wet roads, we put forward two methods to determine the braking capability. First, we resort to the analytical method; hence the total braking time needs to be considered as obtained from the necessary braking time until the vehicle stops, or the braking process is completed, i.e. the sum of the time due to physiological delays, the time due to involuntary delays and the actual braking time until the vehicle stops. Next, through the Virtual Crash software platform, we carried out a case study to determine the kinematic parameters of a braking vehicle under different travel conditions. The virtual modelling developed for our case study features braking analyses on a track in alignment. The initial parameters of the vehicle and the travel conditions, i.e. the adhesion coefficient value, are similar as in the analytical method. By processing the numerical results, we developed a comparative analysis of the vehicle kinematic parameters for the two methods used, focusing on validating the performance and effectiveness of the modelling method in terms of the time needed to set new initial parameters.
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Cadei, Alberto, Omar Mologni, Dominik Röser, Raffaele Cavalli, and Stefano Grigolato. "Forwarder Productivity in Salvage Logging Operations in Difficult Terrain." Forests 11, no. 3 (March 19, 2020): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11030341.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Large scale windthrow salvage logging is increasing in Central Europe because of the growth of severe atmospheric events due to global heating. Sustainable forest operations in these conditions are challenging in terms of both productivity performances and safety of the operations. Fully mechanized harvesting systems are the preferred solution on trafficable terrains and proper slopes. However, different work methods and logistic organization of the operations could largely change the overall performances. The study observed three harvesting sites based on fully mechanized cut-to-length systems and located in areas affected by the Vaia storm, which hit north-eastern Italy in October 2018. The objectives were to estimate forwarder productivity in salvage logging in difficult terrain and to identify significant variables affecting this productivity under real working conditions. Time and motion studies were carried out and covered 59.9 PMH15, for a total of 101 working cycles, extracting a total volume of 1277 m3 of timber. Average time consumption for each site was 38.7, 42.2, and 25.1 PMH15 with average productivity of 22.5, 18.5, and 29.4 m3/PMH15, respectively, for Sites A, B, and C. A total of seven explanatory variables significantly affected forwarder productivity. Average load volume, maximum machine inclination during loading, and number of logs positively affected the productivity. On the contrary, travel distance, load volume, maximum ground slope during moving and loading have a negative influence. With an average travel distance of 500 m, the productivity resulted 20.52, 16.31, and 23.03 m3/PMH15, respectively, for Sites A, B, and C. An increase of 200 m of travel distance causes a decrease in productivity of 6%.
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Luo, Qin, Guan Di Ye, Jia Zhi Yang, and Yi Kui Mo. "Design and Implementation of Mobile Client for Passenger Dynamic Travel Information Enquiry in Urban Rail Transit Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 571-572 (June 2014): 502–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.571-572.502.
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With rapid development and popularity of smart phone and mobile internet, mobile client software (APP) is widely used in every aspect of daily life. To improve the informatization and intellectualization of Urban Rail Transit passenger services, the paper brings forward a method of optimal travel choice for passengers based on “dynamic travel time”(hereinafter to be referred as DTT), and also takes advantage of the Android platform to develop an APP for dynamic travel information enquiry. The structure of the APP and the key problems to be resolved during the development process are introduced. As the APP is applied into practice, it can provide passengers with effective support.
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Yang, Yi, Jiaying Gu, Siyu Huang, Meilin Wen, and Yong Qin. "Application of Uncertain AHP Method in Analyzing Travel Time Belief Reliability in Transportation Network." Mathematics 10, no. 19 (October 5, 2022): 3637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10193637.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Because predictions of transportation system reliability can provide useful information for intelligent transportation systems (ITS), evaluation of them might be viewed as a beneficial activity for reducing traffic congestion. This evaluation procedure could include some alternatives and criteria in a discrete decision space. To handle this evaluation process in an uncertain environment, a novel uncertain multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method is put forward in this paper. Considering the validity of uncertainty theory as a measure of epistemic uncertainty, we first introduce it into analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and provide the whole calculation procedure of the approach. The proposed approach is employed to evaluate regional travel time belief reliability in a case study. Additionally, a comparison is performed between the results of uncertain AHP and other MCDM methods to examine the efficiency of this method. These analyses show that uncertainty theory is particularly suited to be employed combination with the AHP method.
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Yang, Wan Yu, Yuan Ming Liao, and Shi Yu Zheng. "Study on the Characteristics of the Bus Trip of the Elders in Nanjing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 587-589 (July 2014): 1840–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.587-589.1840.
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The aged tendency of population in Nanjing has become more and more serious. As an important part of the elders’ daily life, bus trip deserves a close examination from different perspectives and in different ways. In order to understand the travel patterns and the use of the city’s transit system of the senior citizens in Nanjing, this paper conducts a survey on the elderly. Analyses yield the overall travel characteristics, travel frequencies, and the main travel modes of the elderly in Nanjing. The rules of variation of elders’ travel behaviors with age and the choice of the main travel modes of the elderly in 20 years have been analyzed and predicted. Taking convenience, cost, speed, comfort, safety and free choice of travel time as the influencing factors, the estimation model is developed by binomial Logit model. Besides, in order to solve some common problems in bus service, we put forward some suggestions referred to other districts, as well as having an outlook of the bus service in the future.
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Lee, Hua Min, and Xue Jing Zhang. "Influences of Tourist Crisis on Inbound Travel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 101-102 (September 2011): 182–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.101-102.182.
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This paper constructed a model to propose the financial crisis impact on inbound tourism. Two hypotheses are about the relationship between financial crisis and the number of inbound tourist, plus inbound tourists’ expense. This paper analyzes the number of inbound tourists and their average expenses by TRAMO/SEATS and Eviews software under the influences of financial crisis. The results show that firstly foreign exchange earnings, inbound tourist number and average expense have been reduced obviously. Secondly, the influence on average expenses is less than that on inbound tourist numbers at the end of 2008. The recovery of average expenses was faster than that of tourist numbers. Thirdly, the influence of inbound tourist numbers is greater and longer than that of average expenses. Fourthly, time length and degrees of crisis are quite different when trend curves are various. Then the paper puts forward specific countermeasures with Chinese characteristics.
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Thakur, Palak, and Sharif Qamar. "Impact of Odd–Even Scheme on Travel Pattern in Delhi." Journal of Resources, Energy and Development 17, no. 1 (March 27, 2021): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/red-170103.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper intends to assess the impact of the odd–even scheme on the travel pattern of the daily commuters in Delhi. The objective of the paper is to assess the impact of the odd–even scheme on mode choice for daily work trips, shift in travel patterns – before, during, and post-implementation – of the odd–even scheme, and to understand people perception regarding the odd–even scheme. Based on the primary survey, the paper concludes that the odd–even scheme brought a significant impact in the travel pattern in terms of occupancy, travel cost, travel time, and modal shift, and statistically not so much on the air quality gain. It was observed that the scheme helped increase the occupancy rate in cars as well as ridership of buses and Delhi metro. The scheme had a huge impact on congestion, which was evident from both perception analysis and the change in travel time. The modal shift, with an improvement in public transport services and a reduction in car users, is one of the key successes of the scheme resulting in decrease in air pollution caused by private vehicles. To improve the outcome of the odd–even scheme on air pollution, two-wheelers should not be exempted going forward.
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Hamilton, Gareth E. "Ground-Level Travel for a Non-Flying Baltic States Anthropologist from Northern Ireland." Anthropological Journal of European Cultures 31, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 33–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ajec.2022.310104.
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This auto-ethnographic/biographical account deals with the experiences that a non-flying Northern-Ireland-born anthropologist living in the Baltic States has of mobility, infrastructure and connectedness, in particular with reference to academic and personal life. The article considers the movements which a career as an academic anthropologist requires, as well as the difficulties and intricacies that being located in Eastern Europe has for such land travel. Based on years of experience, it questions travel time and cost with particular reference to the seeming need to travel towards Western Europe in order to remain connected to the discipline’s main ‘movements’. The article also examines solutions such as the Via Baltica, and looks forward to improvements that new infrastructure (such as high-speed railways) can bring.
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Sun, Zhi-yuan, Yue Li, Wen-cong Qu, and Tanveer Muhammad. "Unified Framework for Optimal Routing Choice under Guidance Information." Complexity 2018 (August 27, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9764204.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In order to satisfy the diverse demand of travel service in the context of big data, this paper puts forward a unified framework for optimal routing choice under guidance information. With consideration of the influence of big data, the scenario analysis of routing choice is implemented, and the routing choice under guidance information is discussed. The optimal routing choice problem is abstracted into the collaboration optimization model of travel route choice, departure time choice, and travel mode choice. Based on some basic assumptions, the collaboration optimization model is formulated as a variational inequality model. The method of successive averages is applied to solve the proposed model. A case study is carried out to verify the applicability and reliability of the model and algorithm.
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Sayan, Erdinç, and Hasan Cagatay. "Logical and Nomological Obstacles to Foreknowledge of the Future." Principia: an international journal of epistemology 23, no. 2 (December 16, 2019): 345–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1808-1711.2019v23n2p345.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A famous puzzle called “Grandmother Paradox” is used to argue against the feasibility of traveling backward in time because of the logical and nomological problems such travel involves, and not only because we don’t have the technology to make it reality. The same kind of problems would be encountered in leaping forward in time and then returning to the time of departure. We argue that a similar family of problems also arise in our having foreknowledge of the future without making any time travel. We point to the mysterious consequences of having access to a being, say a machine or a psychic, that can have infallible knowledge of the future and conveys this foreknowledge to human beings truthfully, without any lies or distortions. The cause of these mysterious consequences is the fact that such machines or psychics will raise logical and nomological complications reminiscent of the ones we encounter in time travel scenarios, and that is a strong reason why infallible foretellers cannot exist. We conclude that we can have foreknowledge of the future, in principle, only within certain narrow limits, if at all.
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Xu, Bain, Rong, Wang, and Yin. "Study on Clustering of Free-Floating Bike-Sharing Parking Time Series in Beijing Subway Stations." Sustainability 11, no. 19 (September 30, 2019): 5439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11195439.
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In recent years, the free-floating bike-sharing (FFBS) system has become a significant mode of travel to satisfy urban residents’ travel demands. However, with the rapid development of FFBS, many problems have arisen, among which the parking problem is the most prominent. To solve the FFBS parking problem around urban subways, firstly, the time series of FFBS parking pattern and subway station classification in Beijing were constructed based on parking intensity, showing a significant spatial distribution of subway stations with different intensity levels. Second, a hierarchical clustering method based on dynamic time warping (DTW) was proposed to cluster the FFBS parking time series. Subway stations in Beijing were grouped into 11 clusters, and the clustering purity reached 0.939, which achieved the expected effect. Then, the peak and off-peak period features of time series were extracted to discuss the clustering results. Finally, a two-level early-warning index for monitoring FFBS was constructed, which took the real-time parking quantity and land use capacity of FFBS into consideration. And FFBS parking management strategies for different early-warning indices were put forward. It is very important for the sustainable development of FFBS and cities.
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Ouyang, Qi, Yongbo Lv, Yuan Ren, Jihui Ma, and Jing Li. "Passenger Travel Regularity Analysis Based on a Large Scale Smart Card Data." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2018 (September 24, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9457486.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Analysis of passenger travel habits is always an important item in traffic field. However, passenger travel patterns can only be watched through a period time, and a lot of people travel by public transportation in big cities like Beijing daily, which leads to large-scale data and difficult operation. Using SPARK platform, this paper proposes a trip reconstruction algorithm and adopts the density-based spatial clustering of application with noise (DBSCAN) algorithm to mine the travel patterns of each Smart Card (SC) user in Beijing. For the phenomenon that passengers swipe cards before arriving to avoid the crowd caused by the people of the same destination, the algorithm based on passenger travel frequent items is adopted to guarantee the accuracy of spatial regular patterns. At last, this paper puts forward a model based on density and node importance to gather bus stations. The transportation connection between areas formed by these bus stations can be seen with the help of SC data. We hope that this research will contribute to further studies.
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Liang, Zhi-Chao, Laurent Gizon, Aaron C. Birch, Thomas L. Duvall, and S. P. Rajaguru. "Solar meridional circulation from twenty-one years of SOHO/MDI and SDO/HMI observations." Astronomy & Astrophysics 619 (November 2018): A99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833673.
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Context. The solar meridional flow is an essential ingredient in flux-transport dynamo models. However, no consensus on its subsurface structure has been reached. Aims. We merge the data sets from SOHO/MDI and SDO/HMI with the aim of achieving a greater precision on helioseismic measurements of the subsurface meridional flow. Methods. The south-north travel-time differences are measured by applying time-distance helioseismology to the MDI and HMI medium-degree Dopplergrams covering May 1996–April 2017. Our data analysis corrects for several sources of systematic effects: P-angle error, surface magnetic field effects, and center-to-limb variations. For HMI data, we used the P-angle correction provided by the HMI team based on the Venus and Mercury transits. For MDI data, we used a P-angle correction estimated from the correlation of MDI and HMI data during the period of overlap. The center-to-limb effect is estimated from the east-west travel-time differences and is different for MDI and HMI observations. An interpretation of the travel-time measurements is obtained using a forward-modeling approach in the ray approximation. Results. In the latitude range 20°–35°, the travel-time differences are similar in the southern hemisphere for cycles 23 and 24. However, they differ in the northern hemisphere between cycles 23 and 24. Except for cycle 24’s northern hemisphere, the measurements favor a single-cell meridional circulation model where the poleward flows persist down to ∼0.8 R⊙, accompanied by local inflows toward the activity belts in the near-surface layers. Cycle 24’s northern hemisphere is anomalous: travel-time differences are significantly smaller when travel distances are greater than 20°. This asymmetry between northern and southern hemispheres during cycle 24 was not present in previous measurements, which assumed a different P-angle error correction where south-north travel-time differences are shifted to zero at the equator for all travel distances. In our measurements, the travel-time differences at the equator are zero for travel distances less than ∼30°, but they do not vanish for larger travel distances. This equatorial offset for large travel distances need not be interpreted as a deep cross-equator flow; it could be due to the presence of asymmetrical local flows at the surface near the end points of the acoustic ray paths. Conclusions. The combined MDI and HMI helioseismic measurements presented here contain a wealth of information about the subsurface structure and the temporal evolution of the meridional circulation over 21 years. To infer the deep meridional flow, it will be necessary to model the contribution from the complex time-varying flows in the near-surface layers.
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Gheorghe, Cezar. "Time and Description in Sátántangó and The Melancholy of Resistance (Novel into Film)." Journal of World Literature 6, no. 3 (September 13, 2021): 381–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24056480-00603007.
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Abstract The collaboration between László Krasznahorkai and Béla Tarr has resulted in one of the most celebrated recent works of world cinema. The adaptation aspect of films like Sátántangó (1994) and Werckmeister Harmonies (2000) is sometimes overlooked by adaptation studies. I will argue that the concept of fidelity criticism, disregarded by recent studies of adaptation, is still valuable for analysing the way in which literariness can travel through the transmedial modality of time and duration. These case studies suggest that a transmedial approach to the relation between world literature and world cinema is possible by putting forward a different understanding of the concept of fidelity as circulation, a concept that is common to both world cinema and world literature studies.
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Yang, Yuedi, Jun Liu, Pan Shang, Xinyue Xu, and Xuchao Chen. "Dynamic Origin-Destination Matrix Estimation Based on Urban Rail Transit AFC Data: Deep Optimization Framework with Forward Passing and Backpropagation Techniques." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (December 7, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8846715.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
At present, the existing dynamic OD estimation methods in an urban rail transit network still need to be improved in the factors of the time-dependent characteristics of the system and the estimation accuracy of the results. This study focuses on predicting the dynamic OD demand for a time of period in the future for an urban rail transit system. We propose a nonlinear programming model to predict the dynamic OD matrix based on historic automatic fare collection (AFC) data. This model assigns the passenger flow to the hierarchical flow network, which can be calibrated by backpropagation of the first-order gradients and reassignment of the passenger flow with the updated weights between different layers. The proposed model can predict the time-varying OD matrix, the number of passengers departing at each time, and the travel time spent by passengers, of which the results are shown in the case study. Finally, the results indicate that the proposed model can effectively obtain a relatively accurate estimation result. The proposed model can integrate more traffic characteristics than traditional methods and provides an effective and hierarchical passenger flow estimation framework. This study can provide a rich set of passenger demand for advanced transit planning and management applications, for instance, passenger flow control, adaptive travel demand management, and real-time train scheduling.
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Gould, Jim S., and Andrew L. Sullivan. "Two methods for calculating wildland fire rate of forward spread." International Journal of Wildland Fire 29, no. 3 (2020): 272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf19120.
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Accurate estimation of a wildland fire’s progression is critical for the development of robust fire spread prediction models and their validation. Two methods commonly used to determine spread rate are the cumulative spread rate, calculated as the total distance travelled by a fire divided by the total time of travel, and the interval spread rate, calculated using the minimum time and maximum distance between observations. This paper analyses the differences between these two methods using experimental fires conducted in dry eucalypt forest leaf litter in either a combustion wind tunnel or large (4ha) field sites. Fires were ignited from a point, 400-mm and 800-mm line ignitions in the wind tunnel, and point and 120-m line ignitions in the field experiments. A total of 312 and 397 observations of distance travelled and time taken were made during the laboratory and field experiments respectively, along with associated environmental variables. Mean spread rates and standard deviations were significantly greater for the interval method than those of the cumulative method for all the laboratory data and the field point ignition fires, and the difference between them varied with distance and time since ignition. These findings have important implications for fire spread and acceleration model development.
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Ji, Yangbeibei, Xueqing Lu, Hanwan Jiang, Xinyang Zhu, and Jiao Wang. "Layout Optimization for Shared Parking Spaces Considering Shared Parking Walking Time and Parking Fee." Sustainability 14, no. 9 (May 7, 2022): 5635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14095635.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Shared parking is an effective means to alleviate the shortage of parking spaces in urban central areas during the morning peak hours. Meanwhile, walking time cost and parking fees are two critical factors affecting shared parking efficiency. Firstly, based on the classic bottleneck model, walking time cost and shared parking fees are added to the model, then the user equilibrium solutions are obtained considering two choices of parking lots: accessorial parking and shared parking. Next, taking the minimum total social cost and the minimum total queue time as the management goals, respectively, the quantitative relationship between parking fee as well as the dispersion degree of the shared parking spaces with the optimal travel pattern is proved. Besides, the rules and methods for the reasonable setting of shared parking fee and the dispersion degree of shared parking spaces layout are proposed. Through the research, it was demonstrated that: (1) differentiated shared parking fee based on the capacity of the accessorial parking lot can reduce both the total social cost and road congestion, while total social cost increases with the dispersion of the layout of shared parking spaces and road congestion decreases with the dispersion of the layout of shared parking spaces; and (2) when derived the optimal travel pattern, it is found that there is an inert zone of shared parking fee, i.e., regardless of adjusting shared parking fee, it had no impact on the determination of the optimal travel pattern. Finally, we put forward policy recommendations combining the numerical examples. Considering the total social cost and congestion, managers can improve the utilization efficiency of shared parking spaces while taking into account social benefits by reasonably setting shared parking fee and the dispersion degree of shared parking spaces layout.