Дисертації з теми "Forest conservation Law and legislation"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-50 дисертацій для дослідження на тему "Forest conservation Law and legislation".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте дисертації для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
Echeverria, Hugo. "Biodiversity conservation and state sovereignty." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99135.
Повний текст джерелаBissix, Glyn. "Dimensions of power in forest resource decision-making : a case study of Nova Scotia's forest conservation legislation." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1999. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/854/.
Повний текст джерелаRomero, Jennifer Estefania. "Forest conservation in Argentina : early analysis of the Forest Law implementation in the Chaco Ecoregion." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/43583.
Повний текст джерелаFiebig, Michael Thomas. "Place-Based Conservation Legislation And National Forest Management: The Case Of The Beaverhead-Deerlodge Partnership." [Missoula, Mont.] : The University of Montana, 2008. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-12232008-084030/unrestricted/Fiebig_Michael_Thesis_PDF.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаTitle from author supplied metadata. Description based on contents viewed on June 20, 2009. ETD number: etd-12232008-084030. Includes bibliographical references.
Elliott, Katherine Louise. "An analysis of the Federal wetlands regulations influencing construction development." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21437.
Повний текст джерелаLeung, Yee-wing Yvonne, and 梁綺穎. "The Queen's Pier saga: unveiling the inconvenient truth of heritage conservation legislation in HongKong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47092683.
Повний текст джерелаpublished_or_final_version
Conservation
Master
Master of Science in Conservation
Bowman, Megan. "Our tangled web : international relations theory, international environmental law, and global biodiversity protection in a post-modern epoch of interdependence." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=78204.
Повний текст джерелаBullard, Clifford Owen. "Evaluating wildlife law enforcement agent and agency effectiveness : a methodology /." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10062009-020028/.
Повний текст джерелаFarchakh, Loubna. "The concept of intergenerational equity in international law /." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80918.
Повний текст джерелаDajani, Ola Fouad. "Genetic resources under the CBD and TRIPS : issues on sovereignty and property." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=78178.
Повний текст джерелаEvidently, the Convention on Biological Diversity is complex, not only in its language, but also in its attempt to balance between conservation and sustainable use, and between the providers of and benefiters from biological diversity.
Subsequent to its conclusion, the Parties have strived to achieve these objectives. This thesis attempts to assist in this process by exploring the means of implementing the Convention on Biological Diversity and their consequences.
The scope of the thesis is limited to the matters of sovereignty rights and access to genetic resources, in an effort to clear up the uncertainties in the applications of these components. This thesis attempts to contribute a pragmatic perspective to these matters, which, at their core, rely on the crossing points in the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights. This thesis focuses on ways to reconcile property rights in genetic resources with patent rights in invention using genetic resources. It proposes one interpretation of property rights in genetic resources so as to avoid any conflict with patent rights and accordingly, avoid conflict between the requirements of the Convention on Biological Diversity and those of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights.
I hope that the views and proposals expressed in this thesis will be considered along with other diverse approaches to the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity.
Chan, Ming-yee, and 陳明義. "The impact of energy efficiency regulation on building design in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31253659.
Повний текст джерелаde, Barros Viana Hissa Leticia. "From deforestation to forest recovery: perspectives for the Amazon under the rule of the Brazilian Forest Code." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/22843.
Повний текст джерелаContinued tropical forests decline has drawn concerted attention by governments and distinct sectors of the civil society, which have responded with anti-deforestation policies and conservation strategies. Alongside conservation, large-scale forest restoration is crucial for counteracting the negative impacts of deforestation on socio-ecological processes. In this context, Brazil plays a pivotal role. Most of the Amazon, the largest continuous tropical forest in the world, lies within the Brazilian territory. Nearly 18% of the Brazilian Amazon forest cover was already lost, and land speculation, mining, and agricultural expansion continue to threaten the forest. Therefore, cutting back land use change emissions is a major pillar of Brazil’s commitment to the Paris Agreement, which includes the plan to achieve zero net deforestation in the Amazon and restore 12Mha of forests countrywide by 2030. In this thesis I focused on the Brazilian Forest Code (BFC), the flagship environmental legislation governing land use in private lands of Brazil. In forestlands of the Amazon biome, the BFC requires the protection of 80% of the native vegetation as Legal Reserves (LRs). The latest version of the law, from 2012, also established the compliance conditions for past law offenders. Particularly, there are high expectations that the enforcement of the BFC will secure the protection of forests in LRs, and drive large-scale forest restoration. Therefore, my overall goal was to advance the knowledge about the potential of the BFC enforcement for the conservation of old- and regrowing forests in the Brazilian Amazon. Specifically, I (i) investigated the spatio-temporal patterns of net forest cover change for the influence area of the Cuiabá-Santarém highway, crossing the federal states of Pará and Mato Grosso in the Brazilian Amazon; (ii) evaluated the potential of the BFC enforcement for the protection of old and regrowing forests in the Brazilian Amazon, and estimated the contribution of regrowing forests for LRs demarcation; and (iii) applied a multicriteria analysis to map priority areas for large-scale forest restoration in private and public lands of Mato Grosso, contrasting the costs of restoration with the gains for biodiversity and carbon enhancement. Results show that the Cuiabá-Santarém focus region accumulated substantial deforestation, most of which on private lands, indicating a widespread non-compliance to the BFC. High net deforestation rates and decreasing prevalence of forest regrowth on deforested lands, indicates that this region is not near experiencing a turnaround from net forest losses to net forest gains. Hence, to promote forest expansion, it will be necessary to improve old- and regrowing forests governance. In this regard, results showed that if regrowing forests are included in LRs demarcation, over 6Mha of ongoing forest regeneration could be protected, and one third of LRs deficits could be offset. Also, the future regulation of BFC compensation mechanisms will be key for determining the potential of the law for promoting restoration and old-growth forests protection additionality. Finally, a substantial variation in the spatial distribution of priority areas for forest restoration was identified across Mato Grosso, and for different scenarios. Private properties were key to enhance intensively deforested habitats, while restoration in public lands was more effective in reducing restoration costs and mitigating carbon. The findings of this thesis demonstrate the importance of detailed spatial information on land tenure and land use change in tropical areas, to support spatial planning, and address the potential of legal frameworks for promoting forest conservation and restoration. The estimates of legal protection of current regrowing forests have strong implications for Brazil’s restoration targets. They call for an improved treatment of second-growth forests by federal and state legislations, and the creation of policy and mechanisms able to secure the protection of high-value regrowing forests.
Eberl, Justus. "Wald in Raum und Öffentlichkeit." BoD - Books on Demand, 2021. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A74108.
Повний текст джерелаMoran, Susan Jane. "The influence of the 1968-1975 Congressional reforms on legislative policy-making : the development of the oil-pricing provision of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (1975)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:3398b8d3-45ae-4706-b094-692a7ba0f827.
Повний текст джерелаDlamini, Cliff Sibusiso. "Towards the improvement of policy and strategy development for the sustainable management of non-timber forest products: Swaziland: A case study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1174.
Повний текст джерелаEgute, Terence Onang [Verfasser], and Eike [Akademischer Betreuer] Albrecht. "Modern law and local tradition in forest heritage conservation in Cameroon : the case of Korup / Terence Onang Egute. Betreuer: Eike Albrecht." Cottbus : Universitätsbibliothek der BTU Cottbus, 2013. http://d-nb.info/103217109X/34.
Повний текст джерелаTembo, Danai. "The disparities arising in the policing of consumptive and non-consumptive marine activities." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1383.
Повний текст джерелаWhittaker, Carol Louise, and Carol Louise Whittaker. "Design guidelines and the law: History and analysis of design guidelines in zoning ordinances." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291666.
Повний текст джерелаThiam, Boubacar. "Evaluating changes in forest management policies during the last fifteen years in Francophone West Africa." Virtual Press, 2000. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1191721.
Повний текст джерелаDepartment of Natural Resources and Environmental Management
Manarangi-Trott, Lara. "Fisheries data requirements under international law achieving long-term conservation and sustainable use of tuna fisheries in the western central Pacific Ocean /." Access electronically, 2008. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/118.
Повний текст джерелаMakano, Rosemary Fumpa. "Does institutional capacity matter? a case study of the Zambian Forestry Department /." Diss., St. Louis, Mo. : University of Missouri--St. Louis, 2008. http://etd.umsl.edu/r3321.
Повний текст джерелаLai, Hung-kit, and 黎鴻傑. "Energy conservation in building services in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31252862.
Повний текст джерелаYeung, Chi-hung, and 楊志雄. "A survey of environmental impacts of building energy codes on energy management in building services installations." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42575424.
Повний текст джерелаFasiaben, Maria do Carmo Ramos. "Impacto economico da reserva legal florestal sobre diferentes tipos de unidades de produção agropecuaria." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/285646.
Повний текст джерелаTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T18:02:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fasiaben_MariadoCarmoRamos_D.pdf: 5356065 bytes, checksum: 326d9f2699a2031fc1f645c7928a3dc0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010
Resumo: A legislação ambiental brasileira que trata da reserva legal florestal é alvo de intensa polêmica, pois põe em confronto interesses públicos e privados. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o impacto econômico da reserva legal sobre a margem bruta de diferentes tipos de unidades de produção agropecuária (UPA) da Microbacia do Rio Oriçanga - São Paulo. Para tanto, elaborou-se uma tipologia das UPAs da microbacia, mapearam-se os remanescentes de vegetação natural dos diferentes tipos e definiram-se as classes de capacidade de uso de suas terras. Foram escolhidos dois tipos para detalhamento do estudo: as pequenas unidades de baixa tecnologia e as unidades produtoras de citros. Procedeu-se à modelagem da estrutura produtiva dos dois tipos selecionados, através do método de programação recursiva, abarcando o período de 2002/2003 a 2008/2009. Os dois tipos de UPAs apresentaram déficits de reserva legal, que, para serem supridos na mesma microbacia, exigem a conversão de áreas atualmente em uso agropecuário. Confrontaram-se os sistemas atuais dessas unidades típicas aos seguintes cenários, de modo a completar a área requerida de reserva legal: i) conversão de áreas com uso agropecuário em vegetação natural, através do plantio de espécies nativas, visando o manejo sustentável para exploração de madeira; ii) conversão de áreas com uso agropecuário em vegetação nativa, através da regeneração natural e sem exploração econômica. Para a unidade típica produtora de citros, estimou-se uma redução média na margem bruta da unidade de produção de 13%, no cenário de restauração e exploração sustentável do déficit de reserva legal e de 17%, no cenário onde ela se manteve sem nenhum tipo de recuperação ou manejo. Já para a pequena unidade de baixa tecnologia, a margem bruta não sofreu alteração no primeiro cenário, e mostrou uma redução de 10% no segundo. Os resultados evidenciam a importância de políticas que permitam uma distribuição mais equitativa dos custos da conservação ambiental entre toda a sociedade, bem como a importância de ajustes locacionais das reservas legais, na busca de um melhor equilíbrio entre a conservação da biodiversidade e o custo de oportunidade das terras
Abstract: The Brazilian environmental legislation concerning the maintenance of native vegetation as a proportion of the farm's land (so-called "Legal Reserve") is a matter of intense debate. The subject brings public and private interests in confrontation. In this context, this dissertation aimed at assessing the economic impacts of the legal reserve on the gross margins (GM) of different types of farms located in the watershed of the Oriçanga River - in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. A farm's typology for the watershed was elaborated, the natural vegetation remnants were mapped and the classes of land use capacity were defined. Two farm types were selected for a detailed study: the low-technology small farms and the citrus producing farms. The productive structure of both types was modeled using recursive programming for the period between 2002/2003 and 2008/2009. The current farm systems adopted by both types were studied in two scenarios of legal reserve deficit elimination: i) native species plantations for sustainable production of timber; ii) spontaneous growth of natural vegetation, without forest restoration and economic management. In both scenarios some of the farms' productive area needed to be converted into native vegetation. The citrus producing farms suffered a 13% reduction in the average gross margin in the first scenario (sustainable timber production), and a GM reduction of 17% in the second scenario (unmanaged spontaneous growth). For the lowtechnology small farms, there were no losses in the first scenario, but a 10% reduction in GM in the second one. These results evidence the importance of policies aimed at a more equitable distribution of the environmental conservation costs in the society, as well as the need for locational adjustments of the legal reserves, in order to find a better equilibrium between the preservation of biodiversity and the opportunity cost of land
Doutorado
Desenvolvimento Economico, Espaço e Meio Ambiente
Doutor em Desenvolvimento Economico
Felley, Mary Louise. "A biodiversity conservation policy and legal framework for Hong Kong." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B17457592.
Повний текст джерелаMoreira, Fabiano Mazzilli de Souza. "Código Florestal Brasileiro: métodos para localização de reservas legais e comparação de propostas de alteração da lei." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18139/tde-05122011-140658/.
Повний текст джерелаIn Brazil, the first version of Forest Code in 1934, created by the Decree 23.793, and latter the New Forest Code (FC) in 1965 (Law 4.771) shows the concerns of the society for the rational use of national territory. Concerning to the management and conservation of natural resources, the present FC establishes two important conservation tools: Permanent Preserved Areas (PPA) and the Legal Reserves (LR). The PPA\'s location is immutable and the LR can be located in different ways, according to criteria defined by Federal Law and complemented by the States. The general criteria for LR location can, however, create subjectivities. It becomes clear the needing of searching more precise instruments for achieving its goals. For that, researches have been done to help decision makers to define LR\'s location, intending to achieve properly its functions of sustainable use of natural resources and biodiversity conservation. Although the historical advances obtained in Brazil with the FC, it can deeply retrocede if the Law Project 1876-C/99 (LP), presented and approved by the Congress and sent to Senate as LP 30/2011, became approved. The LP proposes significant reductions on the PPA and RL dimensions, as well as facilitates the non obligation of laws application. This fact has sparked contestations of the science community, represented by the Sociedade Brasileira para o Progresso da Ciência (SBPC) and the Academia Brasileira de Ciências (ABC), that says only short term economical components were considered on the LP, desconsidering environmental components and neglecting the support of science and technology knowledge when rewriting such important law for the society, as the FC. This researchs goals are to analyze methods for LR\'s location and to compare different views of changes on FC. For that, were defined two specific goals: 1 Apply three methods for LR\'s location according to the FC, considering the possibility of compensation of LR between properties, intending to identify witch method better achieve the LR functions. 2 Elect one of the tested methods and create scenarios to compare the FC directions with the proposals presented to its review suggested by the LP 1.876-C/1999 (and LP 30/2011) and the SBPC/ABC. The scenarios were designed for the São Carlos city located on São Paulo State, the GIS used was IDRISI and the software used to calculate the landscape metrics was the FRAGSTATS. The results shows that: easy application methods can help on the definition of LRs location in manner to achieve its goals; the LP would bring strong negatives consequences for the biodiversity, soil and water resources conservation, and, for that, its reviewing should be postponed and properly supported by society and scientific community participation.
Lenferna, Georges Alexandre. "Creating a new declaration of rights : a critical reconstruction of earth jurisprudence's global legislative framework." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001979.
Повний текст джерелаCalliou, Brian. "Losing the game, wildlife conservation and the regulation of First Nations hunting in Alberta, 1880-1930." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ60048.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаRanieri, Victor Eduardo Lima. "Reservas legais: critérios para localização e aspectos de gestão." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18138/tde-16102009-170059/.
Повний текст джерелаThe destruction of natural environments is one of the most recognized worldwide environmental problems, which, among other consequences, causes impacts such as the loss of biodiversity and soil and water degradation. Such impacts reflect upon social and economic systems, which have lead the discussion on nature conservation strategies through paths which include not only technical but also political aspects. As well as protection strategies based on public land, biodiversity and water resource conservation in areas under private domain is a widely recognized need. On public or private land, the conservation of natural areas means imposing limits on human action, which tends to generate a conflict of interests. In Brazil, the so called legal reserve - a tool established by the Brazilian Forestry Code, Law 4,771 of 1965, with the aim of guaranteeing the sustainable use of natural resources, biodiversity conservation, and ecological processes - limits the use of rural properties and is the focus of discussions among landowners, governments, and entities linked to the environmental arena. This paper analyzes and proposes strategies for biodiversity, soil and water resource conservation through the legal reserve tool, considering designation criteria and management aspects, with a focus on the Atlantic Rainforest and cerrado. Political, legal, and institutional aspects related to the issue are analyzed, conflicts of interest are identified, and paths for the balance of these conflicts are suggested. Under a technical aspect, criteria and parameters to aid in the decision-making process for designating priority areas for legal reserves are proposed and scenarios for soil occupation of a specific region are presented, considering such criteria. The information gathered lead to the conclusion that the brazilian strategy is inefficacious. Points with less conflict among those involved, with the possibility of compensation for legal reserves outside property limits - based on tools like environmental zoning and economic incentives - could make the legal reserve instrument more efficient as long as: a) adequate territorial patches are defined for the co-management of forests and water and b) clear technical criteria are used to determine the priority areas designated as legal reserves, in a manner which minimizes the subjectivity of the general norms. The results of simulations, materialized in eight occupation scenarios, show that it is possible, with the adoption of objective technical criteria, to identify areas more susceptible to the implementation of legal reserves and thus change parameters such as size, central area, and connectivity between fragments. Such changes can make the landscape more favorable for fauna fluxes, for the maintenance of species dependent upon large area and habitats with less border effect, as well as promote greater protection of soils and water resources. Issues such as the responsibility for subsequent damage to legal reserves managed in shared natural areas and those related to the management of such areas to guarantee long-term conservation, however, still require more effort to be calculated. These efforts should concentrate on innovative strategies, which will include, for example, the participation of civil society in the management of reserves or shared natural areas.
Slack, John Taylor. "A comprehensive methodology for measuring costs and benefits of critical habitat designation under the Endangered Species Act." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003:, 2003. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-11252003-091701/unrestricted/slackjohnt200311Masters.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMurphy, Joseph M. "Unplatted land division's effects on resource productive lands : a study of the Michigan Land Division Act." Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1125087.
Повний текст джерелаDepartment of Urban Planning
Zeller-Powell, Christine Elizabeth. "Defining Biomass as a Source of Renewable Energy: The Life-Cycle Carbon Emissions of Biomass Energy and a Survey and Analysis of Biomass Definitions in States' Renewable Portfolio Standards, Federal Law, and Proposed Legislation." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/11483.
Повний текст джерелаElectricity generated from woody biomass material is generally considered renewable energy and has been considered carbon neutral. However, recent criticism from scientists argues that the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission profile of bioenergy is nuanced and the carbon neutral label is inappropriate. An initial carbon debt is created when a forest is harvested and combusted for bioenergy. Because forests re-grow over a period of years, life cycle analyses show that bioenergy generated from whole trees from forests may not reduce GHG emissions in the short term, as required to combat climate change. State renewable portfolio standards and federal laws and proposed legislation designed to incentivize renewable energy typically define eligible forms of biomass that qualify for these incentives. Most of these definitions are very broad and do not account for GHG emissions from bioenergy. Federal and state laws should incorporate life cycle analyses into definitions of eligible biomass so that these laws incentivize biomass electricity that reduces GHG emissions in the next several decades.
Committee in charge: Roberta Mann, Chairperson; Scott Bridgham, Member
Sibayi, Dumisani. "Adressing the impact of structural fragmentation on aspects of the management and conservation of cultural heritage." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2758.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: The birth of democracy in South Africa launched a paradigm shift in the public sector aligning it with the new political ideology. To meet this objective, state organs had to be radically transformed to embrace this new political ideology so as to extend and enhance service delivery to all South Africans. The democratisation of state organs led to the transformation of public institutions both statutory and non-statutory. The urgency to transform strategic state institutions whose mandate was to provide basic and primary needs like health, housing and social services, led to the neglect of other like sport, culture, and the natural environment. The transformation of some of the latter institutions was attended to only after a couple of years after the democratisation. This led to flaws in these legislative development processes which resulted in the creation of different institutions by various laws. This was the root cause of fragmentation. The provisions of these Acts are in some areas ambiguous and contradictory. The consequences are duplications and overlaps in the implementation processes. Heritage institutions have different regulatory frameworks and management systems – regulations, policies, guidelines and procedures. Furthermore, complex internal management systems expedite fragmentation of this sector. This institutional fragmentation has enormous impact on heritage conservation and management. There is limited cooperation and collaboration between heritage institutions. This study will outline how theories, strategies and instruments from the new public management approach, can be utilised to address these challenges.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Met die totstandkoming van ‘n demokratiese Suid-Afrika het in paradigma verskuiwing in die openbare sektor gevolg wat dit in lyn gebring het met die nuwe politieke ideologie. Om hierdie doelwit te bereik staats instelling moes radikaal getransformeer word om hierdie nuwe politieke ideologie te ondersteun en diens lewering na alle Suid-Afrikaners uit te brei. Die demokratisering van staatsinstellings het tot die transformasie van beide statutere en -nie statutere instellings gelei. Die noodsaak om strategiese staatsinstellings wie se mandaat dit was om basiese en primere dienste soos gesondheid, behuising en maatskaplike dienste te verskaf en transformeer, het tot die verwaarlosing van sport, kultuur en omgewingsake gelei. Dit het ‘n paar jaar geduur na demokratisering voordat die transformasie van hierdie instellings aandag gekry het. Die gevolg was ‘n gebrekkige wetgewende ontwikkelingsproses wat tot die totstandkoming van verskillende instellings in terme van verskeie wette gelei het. Hierdie is die bron van fragmentasie. Die voorskrifte van hierdie wetgewing is in sekere areas dubbelsinnig en teenstrydig. Die gevolg is duplikasie en oorvleuling in die implementeringsprosesse. Erfenis oorvleueling instellings het verskillende regulatoriese raamwerke en bestuurstelsels- regulasies, beleide, riglyne en prosedures. Verder vererger die komplekse interne bestuurstelsels fragmentasie in die sektor. Die institusionele fragmentasie het groot impak op erfenisbewaring en-bestuur. Daar is beperkte samewerking tussen erfenis instellings. Hierdie studies sal aandui hoe teoriee, strategie en instrumente van die nuwe benadering tot openbare bestuur aangewend kan word om hierdie uitdagings die hoof te bied.
Pianca, Camila Camara. "A caça e seus efeitos sobre a ocorrência de mamíferos de médio e grande porte em áreas preservadas de Mata Atlântica na Serra de Paranapiacaba (SP)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/91/91131/tde-20062005-173657/.
Повний текст джерелаThe Paranapiacaba mountain range has the greatest continuous remaining stretch of Atlantic Rainforest in Brazil. Few studies about hunting of wild animals in this ecosystem have been reported until this moment. There are no data regarding to hunting of mammals and fiscalization in preserved areas in the State of Sao Paulo southeastern continuous stretch of Atlantic Rainforest. This study has been developed in three areas in the Paranapiacaba mountain range: two areas in the Carlos Botelho State Park - PECB (Sede and Turvinho Base) and one in Zizos Park Particular Reserve - RPPZ. The objective of this study was to quantify the frequency of hunting and of occurrence from mammals of medium and big size, as well as to evaluate the differences in the frequency of the mammals between areas with different intensities of hunting pressure and fiscalization. The hunting frequency in the areas in question was analyzed based in direct observations and vestiges of hunters, as well as interviews with residents of the areas boundaries and data of the PECB fiscalization. To register the frequency of the medium and large size terrestrial mammals it was used the sand parcel method. For the arboreal species was used the method of line transect to obtain the encounter rate of the species and individuals. During a seven months study seventeen registers of hunting activities were observed in two of the studied areas: six in Zizo and eleven in Turvinho. According to fiscalization data, hunting evidences didnt occurs in the Sede area, in the Zizo also was registered a small number of evidences comparing to Turvinho. The hunting pressure was considered moderate. In the areas studied were registered 20 species were registered in the studied areas: 15 of them by sand parcels and 5 by encounters. In an amostral effort of 2700 parcels monitored, 426 registers of presence in the parcels were registered of the three areas. The frequency registered of species and the encounter rate such as of species as individuals was bigger in the area of the Sede area, followed by Turvinho and Zizo. The omnivores were more frequent in the Sede area, with prominence for the frequent use of the trails by the crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) with 51, 8% of the total of the registers. The herbivores and the cinegetic species were more registered in the Turvinho, and the carnivores in the Zizo. The species diversity was similar in the areas, Sede and Turvinho (n=11) and Zizo (n=10). The biggest record number in the parcels was gotten in the dry station. These results, associate to current context of human pressures in the region, demonstrate that the areas with a lesser frequency of mammals, present minor fiscalization intensity and bigger pressure. The conclusions is that efficient fiscalization in the areas can be important in the conservation of medium and large mammals in the region, as it seems that, even in areas with moderate hunting pressure, the presence of fiscalization contributes for a bigger frequency of mammals.
Heatherington, Tracey. "Environmental politics in a highland Sardinian community." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=68102.
Повний текст джерелаFaust, Robert E. "The development of the nature preserves system in Indiana : giving life to the land ethic." Virtual Press, 1993. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/864907.
Повний текст джерелаDepartment of History
Rolim, Fernanda Andreoli. "Effects of no-take marine reserves on fish assemblages in Brazil : an assessment using stereo-videos /." Rio Claro, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/182582.
Повний текст джерелаAbstract: The establishment of no-take marine reserves (NTRs), i.e. areas with total fishing restrictions, has been an alternative worldwide aiming to preserve both biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Brazil has important NTRs with few studies describing their relevance and efficiency for marine life. With this, the central objective of this thesis was to evaluate the effects of NTRs on fish assemblage, testing the hypothesis that the differences in richness, abundance, biomass and fish body size is more explained by protection status than environmental characteristics. Thus, innovative techniques in Brazil, Baited Remote Underwater stereo-Videos (stereo-BRUVs) and Diver Operated stereo-Videos (stereo-DOVs) were tested in the Southwestern Atlantic, comparing with traditional visual census (stationary point count and belt transects), and used to analyze the effects of the Tupinambás Ecological Station and Abrolhos Marine National Park on fish assemblages. For this, fish assemblage characteristics, such as richness, abundance, biomass and body size, were compared to areas where fishing is allowed, and the habitat complexity was estimated through the footages. Concerning methods comparison, stereo-DOV showed to be more effective, sampling more richness and abundance within less effort, and Stereo-BRUVs showed to sample a very specific assemblage, comprised mostly by mobile and large bodied fish species, usually targeted by fisheries. Within both NTRs evaluated, target species characteri... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Resumo: O estabelecimento de reservas marinhas de restrição total (No-take reserves - NTRs), ou seja, áreas com proibição total de pesca, tem sido uma alternativa mundial para preservar a biodiversidade e as funções dos ecossistemas. O Brasil tem importantes NTRs com poucos estudos descrevendo sua relevância e eficiência para a vida marinha. Com isso, o objetivo central desta tese foi avaliar os efeitos de NTRs em assembleias de peixes, testando a hipótese de que as diferenças em riqueza, abundância, biomassa e tamanho corporal dos peixes são mais explicadas pelo status de proteção do que por características ambientais. Para tanto, técnicas inovadoras no Brasil, estéreo-vídeos subaquáticos com isca (Baited Remote Underwater stereo-Videos - stereo-BRUVs) e estéreo-vídeos operados por mergulhador (Diver Operated stereo-Videos - stereo-DOVs) foram testados no Atlântico Sudoeste, comparando com os censos visuais tradicionalmente aplicados (estacionário e transecto), e utilizados para analisar os efeitos da Estação Ecológica Tupinambás e do Parque Nacional Marinho dos Abrolhos nas assembleias de peixes. Para isso, as características das assembleias de peixes em termos de riqueza, biomassa, abundância e tamanho corpóreo, foram comparadas com as áreas onde a pesca é permitida, e a complexidade do habitat foi estimada através das imagens. Em relação à comparação dos métodos, o estéreo-DOV apresentou maior eficiência, amostrando mais riqueza e abundância com menor esforço, e o estéreo-BRUV am... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Doutor
Lemine, Bramley Jemain. "South Africa’s response in fulfilling her obligations to meet the legal measures of wetland conservation and wise use." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2844.
Повний текст джерелаSouth Africa is a signatory to the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat of 1971 (referred to as the Ramsar Convention), which is an international convention making provision for protection and wise use of wetlands. Article 3 of the Ramsar Convention requires signatories to formulate and implement their planning to promote wise use of wetlands within their jurisdiction. “Wise use of wetlands” is defined as “the maintenance of their ecological character, achieved through the implementation of ecosystem approaches, within the context of sustainable development” (Birnie & Boyle, 2009: 674). The concept of wise use has been interpreted to mean sustainable development (de Klemm & Shine, 1999: 47; Birnie & Boyle, 2009: 49; Kiss & Shelton, 2007: 93; Birnie & Boyle, 2009: 674; Sands, 2003: 604), as it pertains to wetlands. Having said this, the National Environmental Management Act 107 of 1998 (NEMA) sets out principles of sustainable development that every organ of state must apply in the execution of their duties. Due to the wise use-sustainable development link, two NEMA principles have been considered to form the basis of this study, i.e. sections 2(4)(l) and 2(4)(r). The first principle places an obligation upon the state to ensure that there is intergovernmental coordination and harmonisation of policies, legislation and action relating to the environment (read to include a wetland); and the second principle is to ensure that specific attention in the management and planning are had to wetlands. Ironically, factors that are identified as hindering wise use include, but are not limited to: conflicting and incomplete sectoral law, absence of monitoring procedures, the absence of legal measures for environmental management of water quantity and quality. Therefore, an analysis will be undertaken to determine the extent to which South Africa’s legislative framework regulating wetland conservation is fulfilling the requirements for the promotion of wise use, through these two principles. Focus was had to environmental and related legislation, policies and regulations that promote and/or constrain wetland conservation and wise use. This study identifies the flaws within the law; and proposes streamlining and, where apposite, amendments to the existing legislative framework regulating wetlands in order for South Africa to fulfil her obligations.
Empfield, Jeffrey Morgan. "Wilderness rivers : environmentalism, the wilderness movement, and river preservation during the 1960s /." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03302010-020640/.
Повний текст джерелаSinclair, Donna Lynn. "Caring for the Land, Serving People: Creating a Multicultural Forest Service in the Civil Rights Era." PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2463.
Повний текст джерелаTallier, Pierre Alain. "Forêts et propriétaires forestiers en Belgique, 1814-1914: histoire de l'évolution de la superficie forestière, des peuplements, des techniques sylvicoles et des débouchés offerts aux produits ligneux." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212281.
Повний текст джерелаFerguson, Mary C. "Sediment Removal from the San Gabriel Mountains." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pitzer_theses/16.
Повний текст джерелаAlmeida, Guadalupe Maria Jungers Abib de. "O papel dos municípios na regulação jurídica da expansão urbana na zona costeira: limites e possibilidades." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2013. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/6230.
Повний текст джерелаThe Brazilian Constitution of 1988 and the Statute of the City have improved the development and urban expansion policies establishment, but only the issue of the Federal Law No. 12.608, of April 10, 2012, introduced standards directly related to the process of urban expansion and the role of municipalities in the respective legal regulation. The current legal landscape has important consequences in the Brazilian municipalities located in the coastal zone. In the last decades these regions, especially the northern coast of São Paulo State, have subjected to land use conflicts and economic pressures that led to a chaotic urbanization. Indeed, the region still facing geographical, environmental and legal barriers when considering the processes of urban expansion planning, as it comprises areas especially protected by federal and state legislation (the Brazilian National System of Conservation Units, State Park Serra do Mar and the Atlantic Forest Law), as well as it undergoes the Coastal Ecological Economic Zoning, established by the Union and by Member State. The present work was conduced by employing an integrated approach which considers the legal standards related to coastal zone, derived from the legislative powers exerted by the different instances and their reflexes in the municipalities competences for the regulation of legal policy towards urban expansion, also linked with data and correlated aspects of the North Coast of São Paulo State. By adopting the referred method, we approached the following aspects: a) From the analysis of the possible conflicts arising from the application of regulatory rules issued by the Union and the Member State, overlapping or opposing the municipal master plan, we proposed some measures to ensure legal federal cooperation and minimize these potential incompatibilities; b) by analyzing the standards and guidelines of the Brazilian Constitution of 1988 and of the City Statute, in particular the legal rules introduced by Federal Law No. 12.608/2012, we exposed the minimum content required by municipal urban expansion policies, as well as outlined the role of the master plan and traced the outlines of the legislative competence for the municipalities
A Constituição Federal de 1988 e o Estatuto da Cidade avançaram na disciplina da política de desenvolvimento e expansão urbana, mas apenas com a edição da recente Lei Federal nº 12.608, de 10 de abril de 2012, foram introduzidas normas diretamente associadas ao processo de expansão urbana e ao papel dos Municípios na respectiva regulação jurídica. Este atual panorama jurídico tem reflexos importantes nos Municípios abrangidos pela zona costeira brasileira. Nas últimas décadas estes territórios, especialmente o Litoral Norte do Estado de São Paulo, têm sido submetidos a conflitos de uso e a pressões econômicas que geraram uma urbanização desordenada. A análise da realidade aponta que esta região encontra entraves de natureza geográfica, ambiental e jurídica para a delimitação de áreas de expansão urbana, pois nela se localizam espaços territoriais especialmente protegidos pela legislação federal e estadual (Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar e Lei da Mata Atlântica) e, ainda, submete-se ao Zoneamento Ecológico Econômico Costeiro estabelecido pela União e pelo Estado-Membro. A análise empreendida propõe a abordagem integrada das normas jurídicas de ordenamento territorial incidentes na zona costeira, advindas das competências legislativas exercidas pelos três entes federativos e seus reflexos na competência dos Municípios para a regulação jurídica da política de expansão urbana, sempre relacionando os aspectos e dados da realidade do Litoral Norte paulista. Adotado o método analítico e propositivo, enfrentamos as seguintes questões: a) A partir da análise dos possíveis conflitos normativos decorrentes da aplicação das normas editadas pela União e Estado-Membro, sobrepostas ou contrapostas ao plano diretor municipal, propusemos alguns caminhos que assegurem a cooperação federativa e minimizem estes potenciais desajustes; b) E partindo da análise da Constituição Federal de 1988 e das normas e diretrizes do Estatuto da Cidade, em especial as regras legais introduzidas pela Lei Federal nº 12.608/2012, expusemos os conteúdos mínimos necessários para a disciplina da política municipal de expansão urbana, delineamos o papel do plano diretor e traçamos os contornos da Competência legislativa dos Municípios
Chebii, John Kipkoech. "Forest management and conservation in Kenya: a study of the role of law in the conservation of forest resources." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20093.
Повний текст джерелаMatyumza, Mlamli Mncedi. "Conservation legislation in Transkei." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/5740.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (LL.M.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 1995.
Van, Niekerk Catherine Britt. "Biodiversity conservation on private land : an international perspective and lessons for South Africa." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/1905.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (LL.M.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2008.
Sobekwa, Aurelia Nosipo. "Analysis of the provisions of the Environmental Conservation Decree no.9 of 1992 (Transkei) for the conservation of marine resources with specific reference to patterns and problems of exploitation." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/5768.
Повний текст джерелаMcGinty, Meghan Micheline. "Native forest tree conservation in tropical agroforests: Case study of cacao farms in the Atlantic Forest of southern Bahia, Brazil." Thesis, 2011. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8862PD0.
Повний текст джерелаMacKenzie, Catherine Patricia. "International law and forest policy : a legal analysis of recent approaches to a global forest treaty." Phd thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151287.
Повний текст джерелаBlackmore, Andrew Craig. "An overview of the legal instruments to conserve biodiversity in South Africa with particular reference to the establishment and expansion of protected areas." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/157.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (LL.M.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2005.