Статті в журналах: "Food networks"

1

Cooks, Leda. "Food Rescue Networks and the Food System." Gastronomica 21, no. 1 (2021): 83–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2021.21.1.83.

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2

He, Yakun, Jiadong Jiang, and Shuo Li. "The circulation analysis of substandard foods in China based on GIS and social network analysis." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 5, 2021): e0248037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248037.

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In China, the majority of food enterprises are small-sized and medium-sized. While the supervision costs are high, food safety issues are still emerging. Food circulation is an indispensable part in the entire food chain. At present, there are few studies on the regional spread of food safety risks in the circulation field from a macro perspective. This study combines GIS and social network analysis methods to deeply explore the regional circulation characteristics of substandard foods. First, we crawl the dataset of Food Safety Sampling Inspection Result Query System. Then we obtain the geographical locations of the manufacturers and distributors by GIS. Finally, we construct the province-level and city-level substandard foods’ circulation networks, and employ social network analysis to target key cities and paths. The experimental results show that the circulations of substandard foods are characterized by dense province-level network and sparse city-level network, and they are mostly local and short-distance trafficking. 361 cities are divided into 13 city clusters considering the network connection characteristics. Chongqing, Beijing, Zhengzhou, and Changsha are identified as key cities by all measurement indicators, and at least four indicators can identify Shanghai and Wuhan. These cities have the highest priority for combating substandard foods’ circulation networks.

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3

Maier, Daniel, Annie Waldherr, Peter Miltner, Patrick Jähnichen, and Barbara Pfetsch. "Exploring Issues in a Networked Public Sphere." Social Science Computer Review 36, no. 1 (February 2, 2017): 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894439317690337.

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We propose a methodological approach to analyze the content of hyperlink networks which represent networked public spheres on the Internet. Using the case of the food safety movement in the United States, we demonstrate how to generate a hyperlink network with the web crawling tool Issue Crawler and merge it with the results of a probabilistic topic model of the network’s content. Combining hyperlink networks and content analysis allows us to interpret such a network in its entirety and with regard to the mobilizing potentials of specific sub-issues of the movement. We focus on two specific sub-issues in the food safety network, genetically modified food and food control, in order to trace the involved websites and their interlinking structures, respectively.

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4

Gagalyuk, T., J. H. Hanf, and M. Hingley. "Firm and whole chain success: network management in the Ukrainian food industry." Journal on Chain and Network Science 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 47–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jcns2013.x226.

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This article develops the theoretical foundations of supply chain network management in order to investigate the constructs surrounding whole chain success rather than just success at firm level. It is argued that the ‘network success’ link has been under-studied, with most empirical studies focusing on the achievement of goals by an individual firm in a network context. A model of the whole network's success in the context of supply chain networks in food industry supply chain relationships is used. The results identify that network-level goals must be considered alongside firm-level goals in supply chain networks. Furthermore, network-level goals are subject to the impacts of chain management and have to be of particular interest for focal firms that are responsible for the development and implementation of collective strategies.

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5

Samieri, Cécilia, Abhijeet Rajendra Sonawane, Sophie Lefèvre-Arbogast, Catherine Helmer, Francine Grodstein, and Kimberly Glass. "Using network science tools to identify novel diet patterns in prodromal dementia." Neurology 94, no. 19 (April 22, 2020): e2014-e2025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000009399.

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ObjectiveTo use network science to model complex diet relationships a decade before onset of dementia in a large French cohort, the 3-City Bordeaux study.MethodsWe identified cases of dementia incident to the baseline food frequency questionnaire over 12 years of follow-up. For each case, we randomly selected 2 controls among individuals at risk at the age at case diagnosis and matched for age at diet assessment, sex, education, and season of the survey. We inferred food networks in both cases and controls using mutual information, a measure to detect nonlinear associations, and compared food consumption patterns between groups.ResultsIn the nested case-control study, the mean (SD) duration of follow-up and number of visits were 5.0 (2.5) vs 4.9 (2.6) years and 4.1 (1.0) vs 4.4 (0.9) for cases (n = 209) vs controls (n = 418), respectively. While there were few differences in simple, average food intakes, food networks differed substantially between cases and controls. The network in cases was focused and characterized by charcuterie as the main hub, with connections to foods typical of French southwestern diet and snack foods. In contrast, the network of controls included several disconnected subnetworks reflecting diverse and healthier food choices.ConclusionHow foods are consumed (and not only the quantity consumed) may be important for dementia prevention. Differences in predementia diet networks, suggesting worse eating habits toward charcuterie and snacking, were evident years before diagnosis in this cohort. Network methods, which are designed to model complex systems, may advance our understanding of risk factors for dementia.

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6

Karpova, D. N. "Food: Transformation in Social Networks." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 4(37) (August 28, 2014): 274–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2014-4-37-274-277.

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The modem network and digitalized society is full of social changes in various accustomed spheres of our lives including transformation in food practices. The author gives an example of the easiest way how to book food virtually and get it home this day according to tastes of a customer. Moreover the article represents new forms of specific societies existed in the Internet called food-blogs. This, on the author's mind, changes the traditional mechanism of people's choice. Food-blogs are analyzed through the prism of multifunctionalism and dynamics of food and trust. When the process of food preparing and eating attains new communicative functions. Moreover the author notes some social reasons why one user choses this or that food-blog. For instance, the popularity of blogger and network users trust, mostly «blinded». Beside the point, the conception of «trust» used in the text is based on science works of contemporary sociologist P. Sztompka. Both socialized and communicative functions of food are described through theories of R. Bart and G. Simmel. It is underlined in the text that food transforms and gains new qualities notin traditional ways we used to think but in social and cultural construction in virtual space and through network communication.

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7

Ali Rasheed Alrowily, Ibtesam. "Hypergraphs: Application in Food networks." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MATHEMATICS 21 (March 13, 2022): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jam.v21i.9207.

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A hypergraph is a generalization of a graph since, in a graph an edge relates only a pair of points, but the edges of a hypergraph known as hyperedges can relate groups of more than two points. The representation of complex systems as graphs is appropriate for the study of certain problems. We give several examples of social, biological, ecological and technological systems where the use of graphs gives very limited information about the structure of the system. We propose to use hypergraphs to represent these systems.

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8

Reckinger, Rachel. "Values-based territorial food networks." Regions and Cohesion 12, no. 3 (December 1, 2022): 78–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/reco.2022.120305.

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Abstract: This comparative literature review of local food systems, short food supply chains, and civic food networks, subsumed under alternative food networks (AFN), suggests converging them into the novel umbrella-term values-based territorial food networks (VTFN). Based on the analysis of specificities and shortcomings in the four concepts, VTFN aims to enhance conceptual clarity, while the current coexistence conceals structural and systemic commonalities—relevant for understanding pathways to ethical and sustainable food system transformations. Taking stock of issues in the four concepts, VTFN strives to be overarching and pragmatic. It qualifies AFN’s “alternativeness” through social, economic, environmental and governance “sustainability values” and through the co-construction of “territoriality” in varying constellations. Thus, it fosters integrated scientific dialogue about conceptual determinations of emerging networks of food system transitions worldwide.Resumen: Esta revisión bibliográfica comparativa de los sistemas alimentarios locales, las cadenas cortas de suministro de alimentos y las redes alimentarias cívicas, comprendidas en las redes alimentarias alternativas (RAA), sugiere englobarlas en el novedoso término redes alimentarias territoriales basadas en valores (RATV). Basándose en un análisis de especificidades y deficiencias, el RATV aporta claridad conceptual, en contraste con la coexistencia de los conceptos analizados que oculta puntos estructurales y sistémicos en común relevantes para entender las vías para transformar los sistemas alimentarios éticos y sostenibles. Reflexionando sobre los cuatro conceptos, la RATV busca ser global y pragmática. Califica lo “alternativo” de las RAA a través de “valores de sostenibilidad” sociales, económicos, medioambientales y de gobernanza, y de la co-construcción de la “territorialidad” en constelaciones diversas. Por ello, fomenta el diálogo científico integrado sobre las determinaciones conceptuales de las redes emergentes de transiciones de los sistemas alimentarios en todo el mundo.Résumé : Cet article se consacre à une revue de littérature comparative des concepts de Systèmes Alimentaires Locaux (Local Food Systems – LFS), Circuits Courts et de Proximité (Short Food Supply Chains – SFSC), Réseaux Alimentaires Civiques (Civic Food Networks – CFN), rassemblés sous le concept ombrelle de Réseaux Alimentaires Alternatifs (Alternative Food Networks – AFN). Il propose ensuite de les converger en un nouveau concept ombrelle, nommé Réseaux Alimentaires Éthiques et Territoriaux (Values-Based Territorial Food Networks – VTFN). Basé sur l’analyse des spécificités et des faiblesses des quatre concepts courants dans la littérature scientifique, la notion de VTFN apporte une clarté conceptuelle, car la coexistence actuelle de plusieurs concepts masque des points communs structuraux et systémiques – pourtant essentiels pour comprendre les processus de transformations éthiques et durables des systèmes alimentaires. Tout en puisant dans les apports des quatre concepts courants, la notion de VTFN aspire à être englobante et pragmatique. Elle qualifie les aspects “alternatifs” des Réseaux Alimentaires Alternatifs (Alternative Food Networks – AFN) par un cadre de quatre ensembles-clés de “valeurs de durabilité” – que sont l’intégrité environnementale, le bien-être social, la gouvernance éthique et la résilience économique –, ainsi que par une co-construction de “territorialité” en constellations variables. Ainsi, le concept de VTFN favorise un dialogue scientifique intégré sur les déterminations conceptuelles de réseaux émergents de transitions des systèmes alimentaires mondiaux.

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9

Boulianne, Manon, and Patrick Mundler. "Alternative Food Networks in Quebec." Canadian Food Studies / La Revue canadienne des études sur l'alimentation 4, no. 1 (May 26, 2017): 160–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cfs-rcea.v4i1.217.

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This commentary reflects on a two-day conference, Réseaux alimentaires alternatifs au Québec. Perspectives comparatives, held in Montreal on May 12 & 13, 2016, during the 84th Congress of ACFAS (Association canadienne-française pour l’avancement des sciences). The event was organized by Patrick Mundler (Department of Agroeconomy & Consumption Studies) and Manon Boulianne (Department of Anthropology), both from Université Laval.

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10

Power, Mary Eleanor, and William Eric Dietrich. "Food webs in river networks." Ecological Research 17, no. 4 (June 28, 2002): 451–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1703.2002.00503.x.

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11

Gliessman, Steve. "Agroecology and Food System Networks." Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems 38, no. 3 (January 15, 2014): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21683565.2013.860939.

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12

Correa, Diofanor Acevedo, Piedad Margarita Montero Castillo, and Raul Jose Martelo. "Neural networks in food industry." Contemporary Engineering Sciences 11, no. 37 (2018): 1807–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.12988/ces.2018.84141.

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13

Navin, Mark. "Scaling-Up Alternative Food Networks." Journal of Social Philosophy 46, no. 4 (December 2015): 434–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/josp.12128.

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14

Beckeman, Märit, and Christina Skjöldebrand. "Clusters/networks promote food innovations." Journal of Food Engineering 79, no. 4 (April 2007): 1418–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2006.04.024.

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15

Yang, Huan. "Alternative Food Networks Development and Multiple Actors’ Participation in China: A Review." International Journal of Agriculture System 4, no. 2 (December 18, 2016): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/ijas.v4i2.692.

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This article reviews the studies about the alternative food network development in China, summarizes the results and identifies the issues for further research. It first introduces different theoretical perspectives in alternative food network studies in China, including community supported agriculture, nested market, short food supply chains and producerconsumer connection. The causes of rising alternative food networks are the serious food safety problem, the un-balanced power between different actors in the mainstream agrofood system and the increasing number of middle income citizens. Its development close relates to the changes in the international agro-food system. And the government dominates the establishment of the certification system and give limited support to the emerging food networks. The consumers and majority of producers are social elites, and the small scale farmers participate in the networks under the support of intermediaries. Further studies can pay more attention to following issues: the landscape of alternative food networks development in China, the value construction processes between different actors, the role of companies in alternative food network construction and introducing technical perspective of ecological agriculture into research.

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16

Pilař, Ladislav, Lucie Kvasničková Stanislavská, and Roman Kvasnička. "Healthy Food on the Twitter Social Network: Vegan, Homemade, and Organic Food." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 7 (April 6, 2021): 3815. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073815.

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Online social networks have become an everyday aspect of many people’s lives. Users spend more and more time on these platforms and, through their interactions on social media platforms, they create active and passive digital footprints. These data have a strong potential in many research areas; indeed, understanding people’s communication on social media is essential for understanding their attitudes, experiences, behaviors and values. Researchers have found that the use of social networking sites impacts eating behavior; thus, analyzing social network data is important for understanding the meaning behind expressions used in the context of healthy food. This study performed a communication analysis of data from the social network Twitter, which included 666,178 messages posted by 168,134 individual users. These data comprised all tweets that used the #healthyfood hashtag between 2019 and 2020 on Twitter. The results revealed that users most commonly associate healthy food with a healthy lifestyle, diet, and fitness. Foods associated with this hashtag were vegan, homemade, and organic. Given that people change their behavior according to other people’s behavior on social networks, these data could be used to identify current and future associations with current and future perceptions of healthy food characteristics.

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17

Blumberg, Renata, Helga Leitner, and Kirsten Valentine Cadieux. "For food space: theorizing alternative food networks beyond alterity." Journal of Political Ecology 27, no. 1 (January 21, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v27i1.23026.

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In response to calls by scholars to deepen theoretical engagement in research on Alternative Food Networks (AFNs), in this article we critically discuss and assess major theoretical approaches deployed in the study of AFNs. After highlighting the strengths and limitations of each theoretical approach, we provide an alternative framework – which we refer to as the Geographical Political Ecology of Food Systems – that integrates the contributions that have emerged in the study of the alternative geographies of food with an understanding of capitalist processes in the food system. We do this by bringing together literature on the political ecology of food systems and multiple spatialities, including Doreen Massey's understanding of space as a heterogeneous multiplicity and Eric Sheppard's conceptualization of sociospatial positionality. We utilize research on agrarian change and AFNs in Eastern Europe to elaborate this approach. We argue that this new perspective helps navigate tensions in AFN scholarship, and provides new avenues for research and action. We focus particularly on the ability of AFNs to provide a sustainable livelihood for participating farmers, thus far a neglected topic in AFN research in Europe.Keywords: Alternative Food Networks, Eastern Europe, spatialities, positionality, livelihoods

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18

Turkkan, Candan. "Clean foods, motherhood and alternative food networks in contemporary Istanbul." Gender, Place & Culture 26, no. 2 (February 2019): 181–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0966369x.2018.1552562.

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19

Kopczyńska, Ewa. "Are There Local Versions of Sustainability? Food Networks in the Semi-Periphery." Sustainability 12, no. 7 (April 3, 2020): 2845. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12072845.

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The results of many studies of Central and Eastern European food networks suggest that the changes in local food systems are not a delayed repetition of their Western counterparts but have different dynamics resulting from the political and economic circumstances in the countries. To examine the specific sustainability potential of local food networks in Poland, this study compares the collectives based on novel alternative food networks and traditional networks. Drawing on the concept of actant in actor–network theory and content analysis methodology, the study identifies the specificity of these networks. The results show that traditional networks are more focused on the material core of practices, being geographically close, unified, and more specific regarding material actants of the networks. On the other hand, collectives based on Western-style alternative food networks are more widely distributed, reaching out to more abstract and distant actants.

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20

Gellynck, Xavier, and Bianka Kühne. "Innovation and collaboration in traditional food chain networks." Journal on Chain and Network Science 8, no. 2 (January 1, 2008): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jcns2008.x094.

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This paper aims to explore innovations implemented by SMEs in the traditional food sector and how chain network members are contributing to this process. Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were conducted with suppliers, food manufacturers and customers in three European countries with different cultural backgrounds (Italy, Hungary and Belgium). The results show that the members of traditional food chain networks focus mainly on product innovation and least on organisational innovation. Collaboration between the chain network members is an important factor for enhancing the innovation competence of the firms. However, the collaboration intensity depends on the position of the members in the chain network. Further studies could focus on quantitative research to determine whether a higher level of collaboration among all chain network members leads to a higher level of innovation competence in SMEs. Moreover, the direction of the relationship between innovation competence and collaboration should be explored.

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21

Toro, Dahiany Zayas, Kelley Koeppen, Emma Lewis, Lisa Poirier, Nina Martin, Alexandra Ross, Antonio Trujillo, Alain Labrique, and Joel Gittelsohn. "Improving Food System Connectivity: Using Mobile Technology to Leverage Community Partnerships and Strengthen Local Food Systems." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (June 2021): 569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab043_021.

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Abstract Objectives In low-income areas of Baltimore, corner stores are common food sources yet often lack fresh produce. Corner stores are uniquely positioned in the urban food system and offer an opportunity to intervene on the supply chain. However, there is a critical gap in our understanding of the local food distribution network and the best strategies for provisioning corner stores with produce. We sought to inform the development of the Baltimore Urban food Distribution (BUD) mobile application (app), which moves fresh produce from local suppliers to corner stores. We sought to: (1) identify existing networks of local food distribution; (2) explore barriers to increasing fresh produce access within the local food system; and (3) evaluate the potential for sustainability of the BUD app. Methods Secondary data analysis of in-depth interviews (n = 17) conducted in 2016 among local food environment experts, corner store owners, distributors, and wholesalers was completed with the purpose of understanding existing networks of local food distribution, and barriers to increasing food access among stakeholders in the Baltimore food environment. Primary data collection was conducted in 2020–2021 with local stakeholders (n = 10) to confirm and expand upon these findings. Results Existing community distributor partnerships with corner stores and producers contribute to local food networks. Community food distributors with an established connection to wholesalers and urban farmers offer more direct access to fresh produce, but delivery is costly for corner stores. The BUD app could facilitate the arrangement of collective delivery services between distributors, urban farmers and corner stores. Potential barriers include a lack of demand for produce from consumers and a need for community engagement to be incorporated into the app. Conclusions Our findings suggest that enhancing community partnerships is a viable method for distributing fresh foods to local corner stores in Baltimore. Further research is needed to identify ways to increase consumer demand for these foods at the corner store level, and to strengthen the local food distribution system in Baltimore. Funding Sources NHLBI, NIH, award number R34HL145368.

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Sfodera, Fabiola, Alberto Mattiacci, Costanza Nosi, and Isabella Mingo. "Social networks feed the food supplements shadow market." British Food Journal 122, no. 5 (March 3, 2020): 1531–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-09-2019-0663.

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PurposeThe paper investigates the role of social networks in the millennials’ decision-making process of illegal and unnotified food supplements purchase. The connections and interactions that (co) produce information are studied with a holistic perspective of social sustainability as a development driver of business model innovation.Design/methodology/approachAn exploratory qualitative multiple analysis study was conducted in two consecutive phases. Data from 23 semi-structured individual interviews were collected, followed by a netnographic analysis of the Facebook virtual community.FindingsThe results show that the decision-making process does not develop following the traditional sequence, as social networks modify the wellness meaning creation process and reduce risk perception. Moreover, social networks introduce the use of similar experiences of others and online information and emotional support on unethical and unhealthy behavior.Research limitations/implicationsDue to the application to a social network, the results should be understood within this context. Future studies would benefit by expanding the target and the range of social networks explored.Practical implicationsThe official information quality control, as a prerogative of public and professional health stakeholders, and the medialization of medicalization, contribute to the conscious development of their wellness meanings and values.Originality/valueThis work represents one of the first attempts to investigate resources integration through social networks in the pre-purchase decision-making process of unnotified and illegal food supplements. Unethical and unhealthy behavior develops through the interaction of actors, firms, influencers and individuals over social networks.

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23

Keck, Markus. "Special Issue: Sustainable Agri-Food Networks." Sustainability 14, no. 17 (August 30, 2022): 10782. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141710782.

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Ings, Thomas C., José M. Montoya, Jordi Bascompte, Nico Blüthgen, Lee Brown, Carsten F. Dormann, François Edwards, et al. "Review: Ecological networks - beyond food webs." Journal of Animal Ecology 78, no. 1 (January 2009): 253–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2008.01460.x.

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Konar, Megan, Xiaowen Lin, Benjamin Ruddell, and Murugesu Sivapalan. "Scaling properties of food flow networks." PLOS ONE 13, no. 7 (July 10, 2018): e0199498. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199498.

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Whatmore, Sarah, Pierre Stassart, and Henk Renting. "What's Alternative about Alternative Food Networks?" Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 35, no. 3 (March 2003): 389–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a3621.

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Roopnarine, Peter D. "Networks, Extinction and Paleocommunity Food Webs." Paleontological Society Papers 16 (October 2010): 143–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1089332600001856.

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Food webs represent trophic interactions among species in communities. Those interactions both structure and are structured by species richness, ecological diversity, and evolutionary processes. Geological and macroevolutionary timescales are therefore important to the understanding of food web dynamics, and there is a need for the consideration of paleocommunity food webs. The fossil record presents challenges in this regard, but the problem can be approached with combinatoric analysis and network theory. This paper is an introduction to the aspects of those disciplines relevant to the study of paleo-food webs, and explores a probabilistic and numerical approach.

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Nolin, David A. "Food-Sharing Networks in Lamalera, Indonesia." Human Nature 21, no. 3 (August 27, 2010): 243–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12110-010-9091-3.

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Si, Zhenzhong, Theresa Schumilas, and Steffanie Scott. "Characterizing alternative food networks in China." Agriculture and Human Values 32, no. 2 (September 25, 2014): 299–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10460-014-9530-6.

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Allesina, Stefano, and Antonio Bodini. "Food web networks: Scaling relation revisited." Ecological Complexity 2, no. 4 (December 2005): 323–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecocom.2005.05.001.

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Elhesha, Rasha, Tamer Kahveci, and Benjamin Baiser. "Motif centrality in food web networks." Journal of Complex Networks 5, no. 4 (March 1, 2017): 641–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/comnet/cnw032.

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Etmanski, Catherine, and Ingrid Kajzer Mitchell. "Adult Learning in Alternative Food Networks." New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education 2017, no. 153 (March 2017): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ace.20220.

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Felicetti, Michela. "Food Hubs: Reconnecting Alternative Food Networks and Conventional Supply Chain." Advanced Engineering Forum 11 (June 2014): 621–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.11.621.

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This paper considers whether it is possible to apply the concept of food hubs to the area of Piana di Sibari in Calabria, which has been established by regional law as a Quality Agrifood District (Distretto Agroalimentare di Qualità or DAQ). This paper considers whether it is possible to apply the concept of food hubs to the area of Piana di Sibari in Calabria, which has been established by regional law as a Quality Agrifood District (Distretto Agroalimentare di Qualità or DAQ). After identifying some features of the food hub concept in the biggest cooperative of the context, the paper will highlight how this situation represents an opportunity for small farmers to access conventional food supply chains from which they would otherwise be excluded. In this view, food hubs are a mixture of alternative and conventional food networks and constitute a way to solve the problem of economic viability of local food initiatives like community supported agriculture.

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Som Castellano, Rebecca L. "Alternative food networks and food provisioning as a gendered act." Agriculture and Human Values 32, no. 3 (November 4, 2014): 461–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10460-014-9562-y.

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Rivera-Núñez, Tlacaelel, Luis García-Barrios, Mariana Benítez, Julieta A. Rosell, Rodrigo García-Herrera, and Erin Estrada-Lugo. "Unravelling the Paradoxical Seasonal Food Scarcity in a Peasant Microregion of Mexico." Sustainability 14, no. 11 (May 31, 2022): 6751. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14116751.

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Seasonal food scarcity during pre-harvest months is, widely, considered to be the principal manifestation of food insecurity, for some 600 million members of smallholder families, who rely on a variety of coping strategies. This paper analyses both the peasant-economy variables that explain the presence and intensity of seasonal food scarcity, and the coping strategies of 120 rural households in a microregion of southern Mexico. We, also, examine how supply networks for six archetypical foods of the peasant diet express robustness or vulnerability during seasons of abundance and scarcity. The method combines surveys, ethnographic fieldwork, statistical models and social network analyses. Results show that 74% of households experience at least one month of food scarcity annually, and 34% of shortages last more than six months. In total, 29% of affected households gather wild foods, and 14% use intense coping strategies, such as international migration, taking out rural loans, and parental food buffering. During scarce seasons, self-sufficiency networks for maize and beans contract, but still maintain the food supply of peasant households, while cash-consumption networks such as those of beef become accessible only to a small sector of economically differentiated households. In contrast to the vast majority of research, which simply reports the presence of seasonal food shortages and describes the coping strategies of rural households, this paper provides an in-depth analysis—based upon a novel methodological integration—of the socioeconomic, agrifood, and land tenure conditions that may determine why many peasant territories in the Global South face the “farmer–food-scarcity paradox”.

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Jazmin, Enriquez-Sanchez, Munoz-Rodriguez Manrrubio, J. Reyes Altamirano-Cardenas, and Gante Abraham Villegas-De. "Activation process analysis of the Localized Agri-food System using social networks." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 63, No. 3 (March 7, 2017): 121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/254/2015-agricecon.

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The objective of the work was to analyse the prevailing activation process of the Localized Agri-food System (LAS) by using social networks as a tool to value the pre-existing social capital. There were 27 producers of “Chiapas Cream Cheese” and the members of the formal cheese maker organization from the state of Chiapas, Mexico that were interviewed. By the means of cluster analysis and the graphic design of friendship, the kinship, the “compadrazgo” knowledge, the collaboration and cooperation networks, we concluded that the structural activation must transcend the formal creation of an organization. It is best to value and then mobilize the pre-existing social capital in a territory with a specific traditional know-how as a foundation to the structure and activation process of the LAS. Four actors were identified for their active participation in all analysed networks; these were the information diffusers and network structures. Weak links in the cheese maker organization favour the innovation adoption; whereas the strong links maintain the know-how.

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Burandt, Annemarie, Friederike Lang, Regina Schrader, and Anja Thiem. "Working in Regional Agro-food Networks – Strengthening Rural Development through Cooperation." Eastern European Countryside 19, no. 1 (December 1, 2013): 153–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eec-2013-0008.

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Abstract Regional agro-food networks have an impact on the development of rural regions. Networks give small and medium sized enterprises the opportunity to gain access to further markets (e.g. through offering a wider common product range), to conduct more effective marketing or to synergize the variety of skills and knowhow of the network partners. Networks of the agricultural and food economy are also seen as a chance for rural regions because they can positively influence social and cultural lives as well as the natural and economic areas in regions. We analysed regional networks of the agricultural and food economy, investigated the strengths and weaknesses in the structure of agro-food networks and developed options for action to strengthen the collaboration within the networks and their regional marketing. In our paper we present the results of one case study in Eastern Germany. We show our findings of a strengths and weaknesses analysis and a constellation analysis. Therefore, success factors were identified and used to evaluate the networks qualitatively. In addition, we discuss how regional networks can support regional marketing and sustainable regional development.

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Gugerell, Christina, and Marianne Penker. "Change Agents’ Perspectives on Spatial–Relational Proximities and Urban Food Niches." Sustainability 12, no. 6 (March 17, 2020): 2333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12062333.

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Cities are breeding spaces for innovations in the agro-food sector with the potential to foster the development of local niche networks and a food sustainability transition. In this paper, we propose a conceptual framework for the context-related development of urban food niche organizations and their networks of change agents. With a qualitative analysis of three niche-establishing organizations and their networks, we address the lack of knowledge on spatial–relational dynamics shaping the development of niche organizations and their networks. The identified dynamics are structured along the connotations of geographic, cognitive, social and institutional proximity within the niche networks, to the to the dominant actors, rules, and practices of the urban food system’s regime and to society. For each niche network, we defined a strategic orientation that might lead to a specific development path. Finally, we propose strategies on how cities may foster the development of niche organizations and their networks to highlight local opportunities of supporting a food system sustainability transition, i.e., increasing food literacy, enabling access to space, and engaging in networking.

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Uthai, Siya, and Chomchuan Boonrahong. "The Role of Civil Society Networks in Promoting Organic Food as A Path to Food Security in Chiang Mai, Thailand." Journal of Population and Social Studies 31 (January 12, 2022): 417–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.25133/jpssv312023.024.

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Food security is an important topic involving people’s everyday lives. In recent decades, organic food consumption has been touted as a path to food security. As such, civil society networks in Chiang Mai have been working to support the movement toward organic food. Organic food networks linking producers and consumers are critical to building food security. This research article aims to understand civil society networks' roles and working styles on organic food issues in Chiang Mai province, Thailand. The working styles and outcomes of the civil society network (CSN) are analyzed as the intermediary between food producers to urban consumers in the food system. Four CSNs in Chiang Mai were selected as the case studies and compared with Chiang Mai’s Young Farmer Group. This study, based on observation techniques and in-depth interviews with key informants, investigates the working styles of CSNs and networks of food producers. The questionnaires were distributed to consumers to study consumer knowledge and perceptions of food security issues. The focus group meetings were organized to obtain feedback from food producers, consumers, and CSN’s staff. The authors found that each CSN linked with food producer networks according to the working styles of the CSN’s staff and that the key actors in each CSN knew each other personally. CSNs can introduce organic farming to local communities. However, many CSNs are struggling to connect with urban consumers.

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McIntyre, Lynn, Geneviève Jessiman-Perreault, Catherine L. Mah, and Jenny Godley. "A social network analysis of Canadian food insecurity policy actors." Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 79, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3148/cjdpr-2017-034.

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Purpose: This paper aims to: (i) visualize the networks of food insecurity policy actors in Canada, (ii) identify potential food insecurity policy entrepreneurs (i.e., individuals with voice, connections, and persistence) within these networks, and (iii) examine the political landscape for action on food insecurity as revealed by social network analysis. Methods: A survey was administered to 93 Canadian food insecurity policy actors. They were each asked to nominate 3 individuals whom they believed to be policy entrepreneurs. Ego-centred social network maps (sociograms) were generated based on data on nominees and nominators. Results: Seventy-two percent of the actors completed the survey; 117 unique nominations ensued. Eleven actors obtained 3 or more nominations and thus were considered policy entrepreneurs. The majority of actors nominated actors from the same province (71.5%) and with a similar approach to theirs to addressing food insecurity (54.8%). Most nominees worked in research, charitable, and other nongovernmental organizations. Conclusions: Networks of Canadian food insecurity policy actors exist but are limited in scope and reach, with a paucity of policy entrepreneurs from political, private, or governmental jurisdictions. The networks are divided between food-based solution actors and income-based solution actors, which might impede collaboration among those with differing approaches to addressing food insecurity.

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Olawuyi, Seyi Olalekan. "Building resilience against food insecurity through social networks." International Journal of Social Economics 46, no. 7 (July 8, 2019): 874–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-11-2018-0624.

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Purpose Many nations in Sub-Saharan Africa, including Nigeria have initiated programmes targeted at addressing food insecurity, but without any major significant breakthrough. This necessitates the call for inclusion of social network institutional framework into the food and nutrition security policy of many developing countries. This is touted as an important social safety net needed for farming households’ economic advancement and welfare. Consequent on this, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the importance of social networks in building resilience against food insecurity among farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach Data collected from a sample of 297 smallholder farmers during 2015/2016 agricultural production season were analysed using descriptive statistics to describe farmers’ notable characteristics. However, Foster–Greer–Thorbecke indices vis-à-vis food consumption expenditure-metrics technique was used to evaluate the food security profile of the respondents. Similarly, ordinary least square and two-stage least square (2SLS) models were applied to investigate the effects and “reverse causality” in the social networks food security model. Findings The study findings indicated that about 48.15 per cent of the smallholder farmers are food insecure. Similarly, the study revealed that age (p<0.01), years of formal education (p<0.05), marital status (p<0.05), number of persons in the family (p<0.01), executive status in social groups (p<0.05), aggregate social networks (p<0.1) and non-food consumption expenditure (p<0.01) made significant contributions to food security status of farming households. Importantly, 2SLS estimation indicated non-existence of reverse causality effect of social networks components and households’ food security status. Social implications There is an urgent need for pragmatic policies that support systematic and organized social groups and networks formation in the rural/agrarian areas across Nigeria. Originality/value A widely accepted view of economic theory posits that traditional capitals (physical, economic/financial and human) drive households’ welfare including food security status. However, this study has established the relevance of social networks as an important component of human well-being. Apparently, this study also established the exogeneity of social networks in the framework of households’ food security status.

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Reyes, Ligia, Edward Frongillo, Christine Blake, Spencer Moore, Wendy Gonzalez, and Anabelle Bonvecchio. "Role of Social Networks in Maternal Food Choice for Children Ages 1 to 5 Years Old in Rural Mexico." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 897. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa053_102.

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Abstract Objectives To understand the role of mothers’ social networks in the food choices that mothers make for their children ages 1 to 5 years old in rural Mexico. Methods In-depth interviews were conducted with 46 participants from 3 rural communities between November and December 2016. The interviews inquired about participants’ child-feeding practices, personal and local beliefs about child feeding, and individuals with whom participants discussed food. All interviews were in Spanish, audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, verified for quality, and analyzed using the constant comparative method. Results The networks that participants described in relation to food choice were largely interconnected and embedded within the social space of their communities. These networks were household family, non-household family, community, children's initial school, and health and pantry personnel. Participants described the functions of each network for the feeding of their children. These functions ranged from directly intervening on feeding behavior in the most proximal network, i.e., household family, to providing formal feeding and nutritional guidance in the most peripheral network, i.e., health and pantry personnel. Some networks had unique functions that no other network had, while some functions were shared across networks. Across the networks, professionals, participants’ mothers and mothers-in-law, community senior women, and other women with children emerged as trusted figures whom mothers would turn to for child-feeding advice. Participants were in constant interaction with their social networks and rarely turned to only one advisor. Participants expressed striking a balance between the input received, what they make of it, and eventually weighing their children's responses, resources available, and situations in which interactions occur and food choice is made for children. Conclusions Social networks have vital functions in establishing norms for food choices made for children. The multiplicity of child-feeding advisors may be especially important in strategies that seek to promote healthy food choices for children during developmental years to foster healthy eating patterns. Funding Sources SPARC Graduate Research Grant from University of South Carolina.

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Chen, Wei, and Haipeng Zhang. "Characterizing the Structural Evolution of Cereal Trade Networks in the Belt and Road Regions: A Network Analysis Approach." Foods 11, no. 10 (May 18, 2022): 1468. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11101468.

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Cereal trade is essential for economic and commercial cooperation among countries along the “Belt and Road” (BRI). It helps ensure food security and contributes to building a community of interests and destinies for the BRI countries. Based on the UN Comtrade database, this study, using a network analysis approach, investigates the structural characteristics and spatiotemporal dynamics of cereal trade networks among the “Belt and Road” countries. Results show that: (1) The cereal trade among the BRI countries has formed well-connected and complex trade networks, and the “Belt and Road” initiative has significantly promoted cereal trade networks among the BRI countries. (2) The backbone structures of cereal trade networks along the BRI are in geographical proximity. India, Russia, and Ukraine are the most important trading partners and absolute core nodes in the trade networks, influencing the entire cereal trade networks. (3) The BRI cereal trade networks exhibit significant core-periphery structures, with considerable power asymmetries between the countries reflecting food supply and demand differences. In general, the BRI cereal trade networks have developed from relatively diversified to polarized. Supply chains in the cereal trade network are dominated by a few large countries and are fragile, with weak resilience and low resistance to risk. Therefore, governments should continue to strengthen regional cooperation, optimize cereal trade network structure, enhance their reserve capacity, and build a stronger system to guarantee food security and prevent risk. All these measures will support the food security of the “Belt and Road” countries.

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Lohnes, Joshua, and Bradley Wilson. "Bailing out the food banks? Hunger relief, food waste, and crisis in Central Appalachia." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 50, no. 2 (November 23, 2017): 350–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x17742154.

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In 2015, West Virginia’s flagship food bank confronted a financial crisis that threatened to cut off the supply of emergency food to some 600 agencies serving 300,000 people a month. Focusing on this crisis, we explore the evolution of charitable food networks across the United States with a particular focus on the role of food banking within agro-industrial supply chains. Drawing on a three year institutional ethnography of West Virginia’s food banking economy, we analyze the transition from producer to buyer driven supply chains in a network that is dependent on charitable giving and affective labor to process surplus foods and revalue obsolete corporate inventories. We argue that food banks and their affiliate agencies have become key institutions within a vast food destruction network increasingly serving the needs of large food firms. While food banks and their affiliate agencies provide tax relief for food corporations and offer a highly efficient vent for state subsidized and corporate food waste, they are primarily funded by community-based organizations who are themselves stretched thin by economic crises within their own locales. The entrenchment and evolution of the food waste qua hunger relief circuit is producing new tensions in a network that is conflicted over whom they are ultimately working for, and sheds light on the paradox of hunger relief in the 21st-century.

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Pinzón-Arenas, Javier O., Robinson Jiménez-Moreno, and César G. Pachón-Suescún. "ResSeg: Residual encoder-decoder convolutional neural network for food segmentation." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp1017-1026.

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This paper presents the implementation and evaluation of different convolutional neural network architectures focused on food segmentation. To perform this task, it is proposed the recognition of 6 categories, among which are the main food groups (protein, grains, fruit, vegetables) and two additional groups, rice and drink or juice. In addition, to make the recognition more complex, it is decided to test the networks with food dishes already started, i.e. during different moments, from its serving to its finishing, in order to verify the capability to see when there is no more food on the plate. Finally, a comparison is made between the two best resulting networks, a SegNet with architecture VGG-16 and a network proposed in this work, called Residual Segmentation Convolutional Neural Network or ResSeg, with which accuracies greater than 90% and interception-over-union greater than 75% were obtained. This demonstrates the ability, not only of SegNet architectures for food segmentation, but the use of residual layers to improve the contour of the segmentation and segmentation of complex distribution or initiated of food dishes, opening the field of application of this type of networks to be implemented in feeding assistants or in automated restaurants, including also for dietary control for the amount of food consumed.

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Goszczyński, Wojciech, Ruta Śpiewak, Aleksandra Bilewicz, and Michał Wróblewski. "Between Imitation and Embeddedness: Three Types of Polish Alternative Food Networks." Sustainability 11, no. 24 (December 10, 2019): 7059. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11247059.

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The purpose of this article is to present the specific character of Alternative Food Networks (AFNs) in Poland as one of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). We refer to the issue increasingly debated in the social sciences, that is, how to translate academic models embedded in specific social contexts to other contexts, as we trace the process of adapting ideas and patterns of AFNs developed in the West to the semi-peripheral context of CEE countries. Drawing on the theory of social practices, we divide the analysis into three essential areas: The ideas of the network, its materiality, and the activities within the network. We have done secondary analysis of the research material, including seven case studies the authors worked on in the past decade. We distinguish three network models—imitated, embedded and mixed—which allow us to establish a specific post-transformational AFN growth theory. Particular attention should be paid to the type of embedded networks, as they highlight the possibility of local and original forms of AFNs. Mixed networks show that ideas imported from abroad need to be considered in juxtaposition and connection with local circumstances.

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Vargas Meza, Xanat, and Toshimasa Yamanaka. "Food Communication and its Related Sentiment in Local and Organic Food Videos on YouTube." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 8 (August 10, 2020): e16761. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/16761.

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Background Local and organic foods have shown increased importance and market size in recent years. However, attitudes, sentiment, and habits related to such foods in the context of video social networks have not been thoroughly researched. Given that such media have become some of the most important venues of internet traffic, it is relevant to investigate how sustainable food is communicated through such video social networks. Objective This study aimed to explore the diffusion paths of local and organic foods on YouTube, providing a review of trends, coincidences, and differences among video discourses. Methods A combined methodology involving webometric, framing, semantic, and sentiment analyses was employed. Results We reported the results for the following two groups: organic and local organic videos. Although the content of 923 videos mostly included the “Good Mother” (organic and local organic: 282/808, 34.9% and 311/866, 35.9%, respectively), “Natural Goodness” (220/808, 27.2% and 253/866, 29.2%), and “Undermining of Foundations” (153/808, 18.9% and 180/866, 20.7%) frames, organic videos were more framed in terms of “Frankenstein” food (organic and local organic: 68/808, 8.4% and 27/866, 3.1%, respectively), with genetically modified organisms being a frequent topic among the comments. Organic videos (N=448) were better connected in terms of network metrics than local organic videos (N=475), which were slightly more framed regarding “Responsibility” (organic and local organic: 42/808, 5.1% and 57/866, 6.5%, respectively) and expressed more positive sentiment (M ranks for organic and local organic were 521.2 and 564.54, respectively, Z=2.15, P=.03). Conclusions The results suggest that viewers considered sustainable food as part of a complex system and in a positive light and that food framed as artificial and dangerous sometimes functions as a counterpoint to promote organic food.

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Yan, Gang, Neo D. Martinez, and Yang-Yu Liu. "Degree heterogeneity and stability of ecological networks." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 14, no. 131 (June 2017): 20170189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2017.0189.

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A classic measure of ecological stability describes the tendency of a community to return to equilibrium after small perturbations. While many advances show how the network architecture of these communities severely constrains such tendencies, one of the most fundamental properties of network structure, i.e. degree heterogeneity—the variability of the number of links associated with each species, deserves further study. Here we show that the effects of degree heterogeneity on stability vary with different types of interspecific interactions. Degree heterogeneity consistently destabilizes ecological networks with both competitive and mutualistic interactions, while its effects on networks of predator–prey interactions such as food webs depend on prey contiguity, i.e. the extent to which the species consume an unbroken sequence of prey in community niche space. Increasing degree heterogeneity tends to stabilize food webs except those with the highest prey contiguity. These findings help explain why food webs are highly but not completely interval and, more broadly, deepen our understanding of the stability of complex ecological networks.

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Mui, Yeeli, Bruce Lee, Atif Adam, Anna Kharmats, Nadine Budd, Claudia Nau, and Joel Gittelsohn. "Healthy versus Unhealthy Suppliers in Food Desert Neighborhoods: A Network Analysis of Corner Stores’ Food Supplier Networks." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 12, no. 12 (November 30, 2015): 15058–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph121214965.

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Cucco, Ivan, and Maria Fonte. "Local food and civic food networks as a real utopias project." Socio.hu, special issue 3 (2015): 22–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18030/socio.hu.2015en.22.

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