Дисертації з теми "Fonte à graphite lamellaire"
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Augustins, Louis. "Dimensionnement à la fatigue thermomécanique de disques de frein automobiles en fonte à graphite lamellaire." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066246/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis aims at developing an approach for thermomechanical fatigue design of automotive brake discs made of flake graphite (grey) cast-iron. The first step of this work consists of modeling the nonlinear cyclic behavior and tension/compression strong dissymmetry of grey cast iron. The proposed model is based on the introduction of a second-order induced damage tensor. From the analysis of the damage mechanisms, a fatigue criterion based on the dissipated energy per cycle, allowing crack initiation in the critical areas to be defined, is proposed. Finally, the formation of crack networks on braking discs is studied
Tigane, Rafik. "Caractérisation des phénomènes de stiction d’un couple disque/garniture de friction." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2021. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03789653.
Повний текст джерелаThe phenomenon of stiction occurs at the pad-brake disc interface by the adhesion of the pad to the disc when the parking brake is applied long enough. The mechanisms behind this phenomenon are, to date, largely unexplained. However, from observations made on surfaces of disc-pad pairs having undergone a stiction, the hypothesis according to which the corrosion products of the disc, by becoming encrusted in the pores of the friction material, would be at the origin of this phenomenon, was privileged. The work of this thesis focused on understanding the phenomenon of stiction by focusing on three components which are: (a) the characterization of the electrochemical behavior of various disc-pad couples using measurements to monitor the corrosion potential, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and voltammetry, (b) the mechanistic study of corrosion phenomena at the disc-pad interface and (c) the study of the pressure effect on corrosion phenomena of the disc-pad couple. The study without a clamping force allowed us, to demonstrate an exacerbated reactivity of the disc in the presence of the pad and to establish a selection criterion for the disc-pad torque. Monitoring the movement of the pad during electrochemical measurements with a clamping force revealed that corrosion products, accumulating at the disc-pad interface, exerted a force on the pad, confirming the hypothesis put forward during this thesis to explain the phenomenon of stiction
Joly, Damien. "Usinabilité de la fonte à graphite vermiculaire." Thesis, Tours, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOUR4042/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis study deals with machinability of compacted graphite iron. This material is in-between grey cast iron and nodular cast iron due to the graphite particle shape. It is used for manufacturing diesel engine blocks so as to increase performances and reduce carbon emissions to comply with Euro 5 norm. It is necessary to compare one material to a reference material to evalute machinability criterium. In our case, compacted graphite iron has been compared to grey cast iron. Tensile tests have given us mechanical properties of our test pieces batch used for machining tests. It helped us to qualify the material in its own material range. Inserts have been characterized by nanoindentation. PVD and CVD coatings were benchmarked in microscratch way to determine their respective adhesion to theirs substrates A design of experiment has been setted up so as to reduce number of inserts protypes to be manufactured. Pin on disk tribologic tests gave few hints to have a better understanding of friction phenomena and wear during compacted graphite iron machining
Bourdie, Jacques. "Sphéroïdisation du graphite - Cas de la fonte centrifugée." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017INPT0117/document.
Повний текст джерелаCast irons are widely used in the foundry industries for applications mainly in the automotive, energy and pipes industries. Because of the high carbon content, graphite and/or iron carbides appear during solidification. The properties of the casting depend on the nature of the matrix, the presence or not of carbides and the shape of the graphite. It can crystallise under the form of lamellae, spheroids or particles with an intermediate shape. Trace elements present in the melt strongly influence graphite growth and shape. Their action and the growth mechanism of the spheroidal graphite are still under debate and the aim of this project is to contribute to the understanding of these phenomena. The samples have been cooled by the centrifugal casting process whose influence on the studied mechanisms is the focus of this project. The different analyses that have been carried out show that the structure of the nodules is the same in centrifugated and sand mold castings. Moreover, the trace elements exhibit a similar action during solidification and solid state growth during heat-treatment for carbide dissolution. These results suggest that the growth mechanism of spheroidal graphite is the same during growth from the liquid and by solid state decomposition of carbides. A schematic is proposed to explain the growth of the nodules by a continuous nucleation on the basal surface of the graphite coupled to a growth along the prismatic directions. A mathematical model associated to this mechanism is presented and its application to the centrifugal casting process gives results in good agreement with experimental observations
Guillemer-Neel, Clervie. "Comportement mécanique et endommagement de la fonte à graphite sphéroïdal." Compiègne, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999COMP1184.
Повний текст джерелаKowandy, Christelle. "Comportement tribologique de la fonte grise lamellaire 250 contre les polytétrafluoroéthylènes : Rôle des particules d'usure." Compiègne, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007COMP1668.
Повний текст джерелаThe compressors used for the blowing of the plastic bottles generally consist of a cylinder, a piston and segments which must ensure at the same time the sealing between the parts and the lubrication. The segments must be in materials known as "self-lubricating" such as polytetrafluoroethylene. However, during the contact, wear partic1es can be generated. Their morphology is an indicator of the wear process. Mechanical tests of friction were carried out with an alternate tribometer in a plane contact configuration. The materials tested were polytetrafluoroethylenes, pure or reinforced against lamellate grey cast iron. After the characterization of materials, the morphological partic1e attributes are determined by image analysis technique. Wear mechanisms are proposed and correlations between the characteristics of the wear particles, the wear rates and the tribosystem are obtained thanks to the data mining
Vaucher, Rachel. "Simulation numérique de l'apparition et de l'évolution des microporosites dans la fonte à graphite spéroïdal." Aix-Marseille 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX22042.
Повний текст джерелаPalin-Luc, Thierry. "Fatigue multiaxiale d'une fonte GS sous sollicitations combinées d'amplitude variable." Paris, ENSAM, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ENAM0029.
Повний текст джерелаDong, Ming-Jing. "Effet de l'endommagement sur la ténacité de la fonte à graphite sphéroïdal." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ECAP0392.
Повний текст джерелаOutti, Brahim. "Nouvelles études sur les systèmes ternaires graphite-alcalin-mercure et graphite-alcalin-thallium." Nancy 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN10210.
Повний текст джерелаMendez, Boveda Susana. "Etude des effects des impuretés et des éléments d'addition sur la croissance du graphite dans les fontes." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012INPT0099/document.
Повний текст джерелаUsual grey cast irons are Fe-rich alloys with high C and Si content in which carbon precipitates as graphite. For many applications, a so-called spheroidizing treatment is applied to industrial cast irons so that graphite precipitates as spherical nodules. However, the presence in the melt of impurities or alloying elements such as rare earths, as well as very low cooling rates, may lead to the formation of degenerate spheroidal graphite. One of these degenerate shapes is known as "chunky" graphite which strongly reduces the mechanical properties of the castings. The goal of this work was studying the effect of some chemical elements on the growth shape of graphite in spheroidal graphite cast irons. A new chemical analysis methodology has been established for quantifying minor elements in this kind of alloys. This technique allowed reducing the quantification limits with respect to usual techniques, thus allowing to check for the absence of macrosegregation in thick cast parts. The eutectic nature of chunky graphite cells could also be established. Study of samples machined out from heavy-section cast parts showed the presence of numerous inclusions which could be quantified in areas with and without chunky graphite. EDS analysis of these inclusions showed most of them do not contain oxygen and should have a formula close to (Ce,La)xSy. These inclusions have been studied by differential thermal analysis (DTA) in order to demonstrate the conditions for their formation and dissolution. Temperature ranges for their precipitation upon cooling and dissolution upon heating could be suggested. Taking into consideration standard ranges for chemical composition and temperature range for melt processing, precipitation of binary cerium sulfides and the most probable sequence of precipitation have been simulated using thermodynamic data. Considering the change of chemical composition of the liquid during the eutectic solidification of cast irons, the possibility of precipitation of each type of cerium sulfide has been simulated
Berthod, Patrice. "Etude des mécanismes de solidification de pièces minces en fonte à graphite sphéroïdal obtenues par unprocessus de solidification pas à pas." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPL050N.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of the present work is to identify the solidification mechanisms occurring during the casting of spheroidal graphite cast iron thin pieces by a step by step process. After a first observation of the state of the surface and the microstructure of the obtained pieces, a macroscopic description of the formation of the first shell along the mould is proposed. This model has been confirmed by simulation on organics and detailed with the quantification of the first shell growth speed and the suggestion of a more precise description of the solidification mechanisms
Kyriopoulou, Ioanna. "Etude microstructurale et mécanique d'assemblages brasés de nitrure de silicium/fonte à graphite sphéroïdal." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ECAP0678.
Повний текст джерелаReghai, Lofti. "Synthèse et caractérisation des composés lamellaires graphite-métal alcalin-ammoniac." Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN10063.
Повний текст джерелаWang, Shuyan. "Formation des microstructures dans la fonte à graphite spheroïdal aux premiers instants de la solidification." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0338/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe thermal conditions and the treatment of the liquid metal for centrifugal casting of pipes lead to the solidification of the melt in the form of spheroidal graphite (SG) iron throughout the thickness. However it is sometimes observed zones that are solidified within the white mode (eutectic austenite / cementite) mainly in the skin of the product. These areas lead to differences which could be problematic. Further characterization of the microstructure of pipes shows that competition between the nucleation and growth of stable and metastable eutectic growth exists from the beginning of solidification. To clarify the thermal conditions of this competition an experimental device has been used. Liquid metal droplet fall on a cold substrate. Rapid directionnal solidification occurs and the temperature evolution of the lower surface of the droplet is recorded during the very first moment of solidification (< 200 ms). Characterization of droplet microstructures obtained in as-cast state and after heat treatment showed that the device is able to froze the solidified microstructure in an earlier stage of formation than in the as cast pipe. A physical model describing the first instants of the solidification under very high thermal gradient of a cast iron which is inoculated and treated with Mg is presented, taking into account the kinetics of nucleation and growth of graphite nodules in competition with the solidification of the metastable eutectic. The comparison between the calcluated results and microstructural characterizations allows to specify microstructures devlopment scenarios by decoupling the influence of the thermal gradient and solidification rate
Aichoun, Nabil. "Contribution à l'étude de la solidification des fontes à graphite sphéroïdal (G. S) : aspects cinétiques de la solidification eutectique des fontes G.S." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPL028N.
Повний текст джерелаSerban, Florin Lodini Alain. "Evaluation et modelisation des contraintes residuelles dans les fontes austeno-ferritiques à graphite sphéroïdal." Reims : S.C.D. de l'Université, 2005. http://scdurca.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000040.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBalima, Félix. "Structure et porosité de systèmes lamellaires sous haute pression : cas du graphite et de la vermiculite." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00845579.
Повний текст джерелаBastid, Philippe. "Comportement thermomécanique de fontes à graphite sphéroïdal pour collecteurs d'échappement." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 1995. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003288.
Повний текст джерелаDierickx, Pierre. "Etude de la microstructure et des mécanismes d'endommagement de fontes G. S. Ductiles : influence des traitements thermiques de ferritisation." Lyon, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAL0141.
Повний текст джерелаThis work is concerned with the relationships between the microstructural parameters and damage mechanisms in ductile cast irons for monotonic and cyclic loading. We have characterized the initial microstructure of our as-cast and heat-treated cast irons, with particular emphasis on the structure and morphology of the graphite nodules. In-situ SEM tensile tests have been used to determine the sequence of damage mechanisms. Our main focus was on damage initiation. We have clearly shown that there are three main damage initiation mechanisms which depend on the morphology of the graphite nodules. In fatigue, replicas made during testing as well as post-mortem fractographic analyses have been used to follow damage. Damage is initiated in the first cycle on the graphite nodules and near surface porosities. Only surface cracks originating at porosities were observed to propagate. This propagation is mainly intragranular, and we have observed crack acceleration and deceleration near the nodules. For damage initiation in tension and fatigue, we calculate a local radial stress criterion by analytical and numerical methods. The results are similar and the low local radial stress calculated at an applied stress corresponding to the first particle decohesions imply that the graphite nodules are relatively weak. In fatigue, we have studied intergranular bifurcation and crack-particle interactions. Our results are in good agreement with the observed phenomena. They show that if damaged nodules are considered as microcracks they can cause the crack to accelerate. The heat treatments increase the number of damaged nodules in the first cycle, and are therefore harmful to the fatigue of cast irons
Selig, Christophe. "Développement des microstructures et des micro ségrégations lors de la solidification des fontes : transition de l'eutectique graphitique vers l'eutectique cémentitique." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPL016N.
Повний текст джерелаGerval, Vidal Valérie. "Étude expérimentale et modélisation de la formation de la microstructure des fontes à graphite spheroïdal moulées." Toulouse, INPT, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPT023C.
Повний текст джерелаPolo, Valério. "Contribution à l'étude des composes d'insertion du graphite obtenus par action d'hétérocomplexes associant deux chlorures métalliques : cas des chloroaluminates de métaux de transition." Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN10062.
Повний текст джерелаAdrien, Jérôme Verdu Catherine. "Optimisation des cycles thermiques appliqués aux fontes G.S. ferritiques vis à vis des propriétés de fatigue." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2004. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=adrien.
Повний текст джерелаSura, Edoardo. "Analyse tribo-énergétique du procédé de toilage des portées cylindriques en acier traité et en fonte à graphite sphéroïdal." Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003769.
Повний текст джерелаSerban, Florin. "Evaluation et modelisation des contraintes residuelles dans les fontes austeno-ferritiques à graphite sphéroi͏̈dal : influence du traitement thermique et thermomécanique : thèse pour le doctorat en sciences spécialité Mécanique et matériaux." Reims, 2004. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000040.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThe development of Austempered Ductile Iron is an important advance in the cast iron technology. Its properties are comparable or superiors that of the forged steel. The using of ADI in automobile industry shows a lot of advantages as: design flexibility, a smaller weight, very good mechanical strength, good machinability and a reduced price of production. The austempered ductile iron makes the object of various studies in the last fifteen years, as for the phase transformation theory than applications area or mechanical properties. Nevertheless there are a lot of problems to be solved: thermal and termomechanical stability of matrix, the influence of alloy elements on mechanical properties, kinetics of bainitic transformation, influence of thermal and termomechanical treatment parameters on the structure (each phases), on the residual stresses. This work is based on the study of Austempered Ductile Iron, on theirs elastic and thermo elastic behaviour using neutron and X ray diffraction techniques. Knowing the values of residual stresses generated by thermal or termomechanical treatment in ADI production, in agreement with a mathematic model (in our case, self consistent model), and other investigation methods, we will able to predict the behaviour of Austempered Ductile Iron
Torres, Camacho Gerardo. "Etude et modélisation de la cinétique de décomposition de la cémentite lors de la graphitisation des tuyaux en fonte à graphite sphéroi͏̈dal." Toulouse, INPT, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPT002G.
Повний текст джерелаMonchoux, Jean-Philippe. "Influence d'un recuit de ferritisation sur la microstructure et les mécanismes de fissuration en sollicitation monotone et cyclique de la fonte à graphite sphéroïdal perlito-ferritique." Lyon, INSA, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ISAL0004.
Повний текст джерелаThe consequences of a ferritization heat treatment on the microstructure and on the fracture properties (elasto-plastic fracture toughness and high-cycle fatigue) of perlito-ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron have been investigated. The evolution of the matrix and of the nodule-matrix interface during nodule's dissolution were characterized by means of both scanning and transmission electron microscopy. It was found that the graphite dissolution occurred mainly at crystalline defects. This produced matrix intrusions which were globulized by a surface diffusion phenomenon, leading to an incorporation of matrix particles into the grapite. These particles were found in a previous study to lead to a weakening of the nodule-matrix interface. The matrix study showed the presence of a fine precipitation. The fracture toughness was found to depend mainly on the pearlite fraction in the matrix. The lifetime in fatigue was dependent on the yield stress and on a grain boundary stop phenomenon. The ferritic particles had no or little effect on both fracture toughness and fatigue resistance, the precipitation having an influence on the fatigue resistance by its probable effect on the yield stress
Briki, Jalel. "Rôle exercé par une addition de manganèse sur le comportement structural des fontes à graphite sphéroïdal." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112298.
Повний текст джерелаThe influence of manganese on the structural behaviour of spheroidal graphite cast iron was investigated in samples containing, 26 to 2. 15 wt % Mn. In the as-cast state, increasing the amount of manganese assists the development of a perlitic structure. On heating the behaviour of the material enriched in Mn, is similar to that of the unalloyed cast iron; nevertheless, kinetics of graphitization is considerably reduced. Transformation diagrams on continuous cooling (CCT) drawn from 930°C are shifted towards longer long-term as the percentage of manganese exceeds 1. 5 wt % this leads to a better quenchability (Vc > 5°/s). During isothermal treatments, austenite enriched in Mn (> 1. 5 wt %). May transform to a cementite with substitutional elements (Mn and/or Si). The isothermal transformation diagrams (TTT) are also shifted towards longer time as Mn content more and more important. When tempering the structure previously quenched down to ambient (and with Mn > 1. 5 wt %), the residual austenite ϒR transforms in two steps: rejection of carbon in excess in a (Mn + Si) substituted cementite with correlative impoverishment of the austenitic phase, this later ϒa phase being decomposed into (α+ carbide)during the second stade
PAPAPHILIPPOU, CONSTANTINA. "Etude tribologique d'une fonte a graphite spheroidal avant et apres trempe laser. Application a la definition du traitement laser par points." Paris, ENMP, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ENMP0545.
Повний текст джерелаJday, Rawen. "Caractérisation microstructurale du graphite sphéroïdal formé lors de la solidification et à l'état solide." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017INPT0077/document.
Повний текст джерелаSpheroidal graphite iron castings are today widely used because of their good mechanical properties. The spheroidal shape of graphite is most often obtained by the addition of magnesium or cerium during the casting process. Spheroidal graphite can be formed at the solid-state by graphitization of cast irons which solidified partly or totally in the metastable system. The purpose of this work is to study the effect of solid-state graphitization treatment on the growth of nodular graphite of a thin wall casting which has a mottled structure at the as-cast state. This cast iron was studied using optical microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy. Heat treatments ensuring a total and partial graphitization to decompose the cementite formed at the solidification in graphite and austenite were realized. The nodules become more numerous and their size increases according to the time of graphitization. The microstructure after heat treatment is composed of graphite nodules and ferrite. Raman spectroscopy has been used to characterize graphite nodules in as-cast state and in samples having been fully graphitized at various temperatures in the austenite field. The results show no significant difference between Raman spectra recorded on these various samples, suggesting graphite grows with the same mechanism during either solidification or hightemperature (so-called first stage) graphitization. Transmission electron microscopy characterizations show that nodules in the as-cast material presents a multi-fold structure characterized by an inner zone where graphite is misoriented and an outer zone where it is well crystallized. In heat-treated samples, graphite nodules consist of well crystallized sectors radiating from the nucleus. These observations suggest that the misoriented zone appears because of mechanical deformation when the liquid contracts during its solidification. During heat-treatment, this zone disappears by recrystallization. The results of the present work lead to a better understanding of the nodular graphite structure in the solid state and also show that nodular graphite growth mechanism is the same during solidification and solid-state transformation
Kasperek, Joseph. "Contribution à l'étude de la germination et de la croissance du graphite dans les fontes synthétiques. Etude physicochimique de quelques oxydes mixtes de manganèse à structure spinelle." Rouen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ROUES011.
Повний текст джерелаLiu, Yingcai. "Étude de fontes G. S. Bainitiques alliées de type "ADI" : stabilité de la structure "ausferritique" soit en cours de revenu, soit en condition d'usure abrasive." Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN10053.
Повний текст джерелаAdrien, Jérôme. "Optimisation des cycles thermiques appliqués aux fontes G. S. Ferritiques vis à vis des propriétés de fatigue." Lyon, INSA, 2004. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2004ISAL0020/these.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаFerritic spheroidal graphite cast irons are used for mechanical parts requiring high ductility and toughness as well as good high cycle fatigue properties. The aim of this work is the optimisation of the fatigue properties by developing novel heat treatments. A study of the fatigue behaviour shows the influence of different microstructural parameters. Two ways of optimisation are proposed, based on this study. Both solutions consist in the increase of the fatigue crack initiation and / or propagation strength. Firstly, the ferrite yield strength could be increased and in a second hand a dual-phase matrix (ferrite + another constituent with high yield strength) could be obtained which gives better results. The presence of bainite around the spheroid of graphite and the porosity leads to better crack initiation strength and thereby to better high cycle fatigue strength
Castro, Roman Manuel de Jesús. "Étude expérimentale et modélisation de la solidification des pièces coulées en fonte à graphite spheroidal : influence de la vitesse de refroidissement et de l'inoculation." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1991. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1991_CASTRO_ROMAN_M_J.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаDelbé, Karl. "Contribution à la compréhension de propriétés tribologiques intrinsèques de composés lamellaires: : application aux composés d'intercalation du graphite." Phd thesis, Antilles-Guyane, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AGUY0214.
Повний текст джерелаINTRINSIC TRIBOlOGICAL PROPERTIES OF LAMELLAR COMPOUNDS ARE USUALLY ATTRIBUTED TO THE PRESENCE OF VAN DER WAALS GAPS IN THEIR STRUCTURE. THE CONTROLED VARIATION OF THE GAAPHlTE'S CRYSTAL AND ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE BY INTERCALATION PROCESSES OF DIFFERENT SPECIES (ELECTROPHILE. NUCLEOPHILE. . . ) GIVE A POSSIBILITY TO STUDY IN A MORE DEEPLY WAY THE FRICTION REDUCTION PROCESSES FOR LOW DIMENSIONAL COMPOUNDS. THREE GROUPS OF INTERCALANT ARE STUDIED AND TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES ARE CORRELATED TO STRUCTURAL AND CHEMICAL EVOLUTIONS
Wang, Qing Yuan. "Etude de la fatigue gigacyclique des alliages ferreux." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ECAP0693.
Повний текст джерелаPérignon, Alain. "Contribution à l'étude de composés d'insertion du graphite : Composés binaires graphite-chlorure métallique, composés ternaires à couches alternées de type accepteur-accepteur et accepteur-donneur." Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10008.
Повний текст джерелаMartinez, Thomas. "Etude de l'endommagement lors du démasselotage à chaud de bielles en fonte GS ADI moulées forgées." Thesis, Reims, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REIMS002/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work was initiated by the technological problematic of hot trimming of nodular cast iron connecting rods. These connecting rods are obtained by an innovative hybrid process that combines forging and metal mold casting. This process requires the trimming to be conducted at high temperatures in the is the austenitic phase of the cast iron. Hot trimming of cast iron brings up major defects on the cut surfaces which are detrimental to the continuing process. To address this problem, a study is conducted on the characterization of the mechanical behavior of nodular cast iron in the process temperature conditions. A particular attention is paid to the influence of the nodular microstructure on the failure mechanisms. To develop simulation tools for nodular cast iron hot trimming, the parameters of Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman model are identified by inverse method for our material. Finally, a design of experiment is deployed using an instrumented demonstrator to obtain the optimum parameters configuration for a maximized cut surface quality. This latest study highlights the presence of a transition from ductile to brittle mode of failure leading to the hot trimming defects
Dawi, Kamel. "Corrosion à haute température de fontes GS à matrice ferritique et austénitique sous atmosphères complexes." Compiègne, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009COMP1803.
Повний текст джерелаHervas, Dobon Isabel. "Contribution à l’étude des mécanismes d’endommagement des fontes ferritiques à graphite sphéroïdal : influence de la température, du trajet de chargement et rôle des interfaces nodules / matrice." Caen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CAEN2069.
Повний текст джерелаThis work focuses on the relationship between the damage mechanisms and the microstructural parameters of ductile cast iron for different types of mechanical stress in a wide temperatures range. Tensile and compression tests at RT carried out on specimens presenting different geometries generate strains with multiple levels of triaxiality. The study of the graphite nodule geometrical properties enables the analysis of deformation and local strain path. The deformation state and triaxiality rate are also simulated by using the finite element method. The influence of temperature is studied in the case of tensile, compression and creep tests. A significant behaviour change is evidenced above 400 °C. The study of microstructural parameters permits the understanding of the mechanical behaviour of the ductile cast iron and its evolution with temperature. In the case of tensile tests, Gurson-Tvergaard model highlights that the interactions between the cavities, caused by the deformation, change with temperature. Structural measurements after compression tests show that up to 400 °C, the deformation of the graphite nodules increases with the deformation. However, from 500 °C, nodule deformation doesn’t follow the plastic deformation of the material. Creep tests, carried out at 750 °C for stress levels lower than yield stress, reveal a gradual transition between the two main creep mechanisms: creep controlled by dislocations climb and creep controlled by diffusion mechanisms
Charkaluk, Éric Saxcé Géry de. "Fatigue des matériaux métalliques quelques contributions à une approche dissipative /." Villeneuve d'Ascq : Université des sciences et technologies de Lille, 2007. https://iris.univ-lille1.fr/dspace/handle/1908/1030.
Повний текст джерелаN° d'ordre (Lille 1) : 548. Titre provenant de la page de titre du document numérisé. Bibliogr. à la suite des chapitres.
Ikhlef, Aomar. "Transformations structurales de fontes à graphite sphéroïdal et influence spécifique du silicium : caractérisation par spectrométrie Mössbauer des diverses phases formées." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112013.
Повний текст джерелаThe austenitic transformation of S. G. Cast irons goes on with dissolution in the formed γ phase, some carbon coming from peripheric nodules of graphite. The analysis of the transformations of the austenite during the continuous cooling and during austempering resulted in CCT and TTT diagrams for different silicon contents. Silicon has an important effect on the kinetic bainite transformation: it delays the precipitation of the carbides from austenite. Therefore it favours the carbon enriching of a fraction of the austenite, and its temporary stabilization. The decomposition of this enriched phase takes place then, by precipitation of complex silicocarbides of type ԑ - (Fe, Si)₂₀C₉. The tempering of S. G. Cast iron occurs in four distinct stages, preceded by an aging step. The transformation of the retained austenite during the second stage is separated into two steps, involving respectively the carbon enriching of a fraction of this phase, and its decomposition by precipitation of ԑ carbide. During the third stage, this ԑ carbide transforms into a transition carbide having an intermediate structure between θ and χ carbides
Pernot, Paul. "Élaboration et caractérisation de composés binaires et ternaires du graphite avec les chlorures métalliques : Corrélations entre structures et propriétés physiques." Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10236.
Повний текст джерелаBastid, Philippe. "Comportement thermomecanique de fontes à grahite sphéroïdal pour collecteurs d’échappement." Paris, ENMP, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ENMP1520.
Повний текст джерелаThe increased output of automotive engines leads to higher temperature levels in exhaust manifolds. The ferritic cast irons (GS50 and SiMo) used by RENAULT experience microstructural evolutions at high temperature (800oC), that can be detrimental for their resistance. Rather than choosing more expensive higher grade materials, the better knowledge of the microstructural evolutions of GS cast irons and their behaviour would allow the optimisation of the component towards a compromise between light weight and reliability. Three main damage mechanisms were identified in a survey of bench-tested manifolds: oxidisation, decarburisation and phase transformation. They have been quantitatively investigated by isothermal and thermal cycling testing. The oxidisation and decarburisation kinetics were determined for various temperatures. Owing to the knowledge of these ageing mechanisms, specimens whose microstructures were similar to those observed were produced. As-cast and aged materials were compared in a testing program including dilatometry and low cycle fatigue tests. The parameters of constitutive equations for elastic-visco-plastic behaviour were identified for the as cast and aged materials. Results of thermal fatigue models, using the constitutive behaviour identified from isothermal tests, were in good agreement with experimental data. Thermo-mechanical analyses of partly decarburised specimens compared well with testing results, showing that the model can be applied to components of complex geometry, such as exhaust manifolds
Forestier, Igor. "Dépôt en couches minces de nickel chimique multifonctionnel." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAI031.
Повний текст джерелаPrimary dry pumps dedicated to manufacturing processes in microelectronics are subjected to highly corrosive environments that are increasingly oxidizing and halogenous (Cl2, F2 and O2). However, for mechanical and economic reasons, the functional parts of the pumps are machined in EN-GJS-500-7 spheroidal graphite cast iron. The cast iron is consequently protected by a nickel-phosphorus chemical deposit. This thesis is based on classical studies on the kinetics and the nickel-plating mechanism on the one hand, and on the optimization of the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the NiP layers on the other hand. The innovative nature of this work is based on the production of NiP layers on a spheroidal graphite cast iron substrate.The study of the kinetics of nickel-plating as well as the morphological characterization of coatings as a function of the deposit time showed the influence of the chemical nature of the substrate. The flush graphite spheres on the surface of the substrate being not a catalyst for the chemical nickel, they can cause defects in the coating and a loss of compliance. It has been shown that a cathodic polarization of the surface of the substrate, in the first moments of the deposit, could initiate the nickel-plating right on the graphite spheres.A relationship exists between the microstructure of the deposits as a function of the thermal treatments undergone and the mechanical properties of the NiP layers. The amorphous NiP deposits have a low hardness and a ductile behavior while crystallized deposits have a high hardness and a brittle behavior. These deposits have a good resistance to corrosion in halogenated environments when they are intact. Actually, at the industrial level, the most brittle deposits are chosen, although they have a lower corrosion résistance: indeed, the service life of the pumps is higher because the seizing effect are minimized.Keywords: electroless nickel, resistance to corrosion, spheroidal graphite cast iron, physicochemical characterization, thin layers, mechanical durability
Lachambre, Joël. "Développement d'une méthode de caractérisation 3D des fissures de fatigue à l'aide de la corrélation d'images numériques obtenues par tomographie X." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0050/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis manuscript describes a methodology used to compute Stress Intensity Factor values along the curved front of a fatigue crack inside a nodular cast iron. An artificial defect is introduced at the surface of a small sample. The initiation and growth of a fatigue crack from this defect during constant amplitude cycling is monitored in situ by laboratory x-ray tomography. The method for processing the 3D images in order to compute SIF values is described in detail. The results obtained show variations of the stress intensity factor values along the crack front