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Статті в журналах з теми "Fonctionnement hydrique des arbres"
Granier, André, Hervé Cochard, and Damien Lemoine. "Fonctionnement hydrique et hydraulique des arbres forestiers." La Houille Blanche, no. 3 (June 2002): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/lhb/2002037.
Повний текст джерелаTallieu, Clara, Emeline Chaste, Sandrine Brèteau, Léa Veuillen, and Nathalie Bréda. "Une vision pluridisciplinaire des sécheresses en forêt : comment les quantifier, évaluer leurs impacts et s’y adapter." Revue forestière française 74, no. 2 (June 23, 2023): 307–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/revforfr.2023.7615.
Повний текст джерелаCabibel, B., F. Do, and J. Horoyan. "Mesures thermiques des flux de sève dans les troncs et les racines et fonctionnement hydrique des arbres. I. Analyse théorique des erreurs sur la mesure des flux et validation des mesures en présence de gradients thermiques extérieurs." Agronomie 11, no. 8 (1991): 669–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/agro:19910804.
Повний текст джерелаCOCHARD (H.) and GRANIER (André). "Fonctionnement hydraulique des arbres forestiers." Revue Forestière Française, no. 2 (1999): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/2042/5425.
Повний текст джерелаSchmitt, Anna, Raphaël Trouvé, Sandrine Perret, Aurore Calas, Ingrid Seynave, and François Lebourgeois. "Une sylviculture dynamique des chênaies sessiliflores favorise la résilience des arbres après une forte sécheresse." Revue forestière française 74, no. 1 (March 13, 2023): 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/revforfr.2023.7411.
Повний текст джерелаConedera, Marco, Nicola Bomio-Pacciorini, Pietro Bomio-Pacciorini, Stéphane Sciacca, Lindo Grandi, Amadou Boureïma, and Anna Maria Vettraino. "Reconstitution des écosystèmes dégradés sahéliens." BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 304, no. 304 (June 1, 2010): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2010.304.a20448.
Повний текст джерелаFERRY (Bruno), FREYCON (Vincent), and PAGET (Dominique). "Genèse et fonctionnement hydrique des sols sur socle cristallin en Guyane." Revue Forestière Française, sp (2003): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/2042/5786.
Повний текст джерелаAUSSENAC, G., A. GRANIER, and Nathalie BRÉDA. "Effets des modifications de la structure du couvert forestier sur le bilan hydrique, l'état hydrique des arbres et la croissance." Revue Forestière Française, no. 1 (1995): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/2042/26624.
Повний текст джерелаKagambèga, François Wenemi, Rasmata Nana, Philippe Bayen, Adjima Thiombiano, and Joseph Issaka Boussim. "Tolérance au déficit hydrique de cinq espèces prioritaires pour le reboisement au Burkina Faso." BASE, no. 4 (2019): 245–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.25518/1780-4507.18199.
Повний текст джерелаMirabel, Mathieu, and Pierre-Antoine Gaertner. "Dépérissements de hêtres adultes après 2018 en Franche-Comté." Revue forestière française 74, no. 2 (June 23, 2023): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/revforfr.2023.7591.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Fonctionnement hydrique des arbres"
Ibrahim, Tharwat. "Dendrologie et fonctionnement hydrique de jeunes plants forestiers en relation avec la lumière et la sécheresse édaphique." Nancy 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NAN10094.
Повний текст джерелаThis work had as first objective the analysis of water relations of five forest species (Fagus sylvatica, Betula verrucosa, Quercus petraea, Quercus péd onculé et acer pseudoplatanus) in relation with the irradiance. We used a conductmetre (the hydraulic methods) to measure the loss of the conductivity PLC in the side-branches (2years) for these different species. Clear differences observed between species and treatments. This gradient is strongly correlated with irradiance that branches received during the growth. Vulnerability curves for the four studied species are presented figure. We noticed a higher vulnerability for birch. The shape of the curves for the other species were very close. In each case, seedlings grown under shade presented an higher vulnerability than full light. Differences were highly significant. Differences between Psi 50% for extreme treatments (full light and deep shade) could reach 1 MPa. Xylem anatomy presents for all the studied species a high dependence with irradiance. The Oak presented the largest vessels and the weakest vessel densities globally. The impact of the luminous climate was very clean, with a gradual reduction of the diameter and the density of vessels in weak light with a clean reduction of the diameter and the density of vessels in all species. . . .
Simioni, Guillaume. "Importance de la structure spatiale de la strate arborée sur les fonctionnements carboné et hydrique des écosystèmes herbes-arbres : exemple d'une savane d'Afrique de l'Ouest." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA112270.
Повний текст джерелаVegetation spatial structure is an important aspect of tree/grass ecosystem structure, but its influence on primary production and water balance has not been explored yet. To determine the importance of the spatial structure of the tree layer on a savanna ecosystem (Lamto, Ivory Coast ) carbon and water functions, a spatially explicit model was used. Field experiments were conducted to provide data to parameterize and test the model. Model tests were accurate. Experimental simulations done with the model showed that : (1) tree density had important effects on the partitioning of production and transpiration between the grass and tree components, on the total system production, and on ecosystem resource ( light, water, nitrogen ) use efficiencies ; (2) tree aggregation could, independently of tree density. .
Maison, Alice. "Modélisation des impacts des arbres sur la qualité de l’air de l’échelle de la rue à la ville." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ENPC0034.
Повний текст джерелаTrees provide numerous ecosystem services in cities, helping to reduce some of the consequences of urbanization, such as the urban heat island and water run-off. Their thermo-radiative effect improves thermal comfort.Trees can also have an impact on urban air quality through various processes. The deposition of gaseous and particulate pollutants on tree leaves can help to reduce concentrations. However, the aerodynamic effect of trees modifies the airflow in street canyons and limits the dispersion of pollutants emitted in the street. Trees also emit biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), which can contribute to the formation of O3 and secondary organic aerosols. BVOC emissions vary depending on the tree species, and are influenced by climatic factors (temperature, radiation) and by the tree water status.The objective of this thesis is to quantify the impacts of these different processes on urban air quality. Numerical simulations are performed over the city of Paris during summer 2022 using the CHIMERE/MUNICH model chain in order to quantify the impact of trees on atmospheric concentrations of pollutants at the local and regional scales. The simulated concentrations are compared to measurements.Urban trees are not generally taken into account in air quality models, either at regional or street level. In order to integrate BVOC emissions into the CHIMERE regional model, an inventory is developed using the tree database of the city of Paris. A method is set up to estimate the characteristics of the trees, which are used as input data for the various models (leaf area, dry biomass, crown size, etc.). On average over the months of June and July 2022 in Paris, local biogenic emissions from trees lead to an increase of 1.0% in O3, 4.6% in organic PM1 and 0.6% in PM2.5. Biogenic emissions from urban trees strongly increase concentrations of isoprene and monoterpenes. Compared with measurements, terpene concentrations tend to be underestimated, given the uncertainties associated with emission factors and the missing part of the vegetation in the inventory. Terpene emissions from urban and suburban vegetation greatly influence the formation of organic particles, it is therefore important to characterize them properly in air quality models.The various effects of urban trees on air quality at street level are then added into the MUNICH street network model. The aerodynamic effect of street trees is parameterized using computational fluid dynamics simulations. It leads to an increase in the concentrations of compounds emitted into the street. This increase can reach +37% for NO2 in streets with a large leaf surface and high traffic. Deposition on tree leaves is computed using a resistive approach adapted to the scale of the tree in the street. However, its impact on concentrations remains limited for the gases and particles studied (< -3%).Finally, a coupling between the TEB (urban surface model), SPAC (soil-plant-atmosphere continuum model) and MUNICH models is developed. This coupling provides a better representation of the impacts of the urban micro-climate heterogeneities and of the thermo-radiative effect of trees on gas and particle concentrations. The effects of the micro-climate and of the tree water stress on BVOC emissions are also taken into account in order to refine the calculation of emissions
Bosc, Alexandre. "Etude expérimentale du fonctionnement hydrique et carboné des organes aériens du Pin maritime (Pinus pinaster Ait. ) : intégration dans un modèle structure-fonction appliqué à l'analyse de l'autonomie carbonée des branches de la couronne d'un arbre adulte." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR28653.
Повний текст джерелаRoupsard, Olivier. "Ecophysiologie et diversité génétique de Faidherbia albida (Del. ) A. Chev. (syn. Acacia albida Del. ), un arbre à usages multiples d'Afrique semi-aride : fonctionnement hydrique et efficience d'utilisation de l'eau d'arbres adultes en parc agroforestier et de juvéniles en conditions semi-contrôlées." Phd thesis, Nancy 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN10279.
Повний текст джерелаPerrier, Édith. "Structure geometrique et fonctionnement hydrique des sols. Simulations exploratoires." Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066220.
Повний текст джерелаBouzouidja, Ryad. "Fonctionnement hydrique d'un Technosol superficiel - application à une toiture végétalisée." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0232/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe sealing in cities highly degrades the buffer and filter functions of soils which generates and/or emphasizes major environmental issues (e.g. urban heat island, flooding, pollution of the runoff water). Among other technologies, advances in green roof engineering provide solutions for the management of urban rainwater. Indeed, green roofs can highly contribute to water regulation service by delaying run-off peaks and decreasing water fluxes to storm water collection network. The purpose of this work is to quantify and model the hydric performances of such an urban Technosol by taking into account the seasonal variations and the aging of the green roof. Physic and hydric measurements were conducted on the green roof constituents. Then, water fluxes and meteorological parameters were monitored in four green roofs parcels – including two with an innovative water storage structure – both at the lab and the building scales. Finally, the hydrodynamics of green roofs was modeled and numerically investigated with HYDRUS-1D in the framework of the Richards equations and the van Genuchten-Mualem model that describe unsaturated flows. As a result: i) the water flows inside these complex porous media were physically characterized, ii) the hydric performances of different parcels over three years, under Lorraine climate, were evaluated, iii) the model approach reached to a good description of the hydraulic behavior at the lab-scale but tends to underestimate in situ water fluxes. Beyond that, this work can provide a robust approach to simulate water transfer in green roofs under different climates or situations and may also contribute to further technological development
Lemoine, Damien. "Fonctionnement hydrique du hêtre : architecture hydraulique et sensibilité à la cavitation." Nancy 1, 2000. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2000_0013_LEMOINE.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаNiang, Dial. "Fonctionnement hydrique de différents types de placages sableux dans le sahel burkinabè /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=3667.
Повний текст джерелаTemgoua, André Guy Tranquille. "Modélisation du fonctionnement hydrique d'une forêt amazonienne brésilienne à l'échelle d'un versant." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27334/27334.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Fonctionnement hydrique des arbres"
"Thème 4. Rôles des arbres dans la GCES en fonction du bilan hydrique régional." In Lutte antiérosive. IRD Éditions, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.irdeditions.13544.
Повний текст джерела