Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Fonctionnalisation des protéines"
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Дисертації з теми "Fonctionnalisation des protéines":
Briand, Elisabeth. "Fonctionnalisation de surfaces d'or et greffage de protéines pour l'élaboration d'un immunocapteur." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066013.
Goux, Marine. "Fonctionnalisation de protéines alternatives aux anticorps appliquée à l'imagerie médicale en oncologie." Nantes, 2015. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=165df601-3118-437e-a459-a38b3257026e.
Positron-emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique allowing diagnosis and therapy response monitoring in oncology. Biomarker targeting for PET imaging with antibodies, or their fragments, shows a lot of issues due to their slow blood clearance (size >100 kDa). Moreover, radiolabelling, which often occurs on lysines, is non-regioselective and leads to a heterogeneous mixture of products and sometimes protein inactivation. The development of new molecular probes for patient monitoring with small protein scaffolds as alternatives to antibodies, such as Nanofitins (NF), overcomes the limitations related to the size of the targeting agent (NF ≈ 10 kDa). We considered the use of a chemistry-free chelating system consisting of a highly phosphorylatable peptide tag to chelate radiometals, such as gallium-68. The approach is based on the natural ability of phosphate to interact strongly with metal ion. Genetically fused to a NF, the phosphorylatable peptide tag (phosphorylated in vivo or in vitro) allowed chelation of a lanthanide in solution, the Tb(III), with an affinity in the μM range. The second generation of peptide tag, artificially derived from a sequence of calcium-binding proteins, gave an affinity for Tb(III) around 500 nM and 50 nM at pH7 and pH5. 5 respectively ; and affinity for Ga(III) was obtained in the μM range at pH5. 5. Meanwhile, biodistribution studies and specific in vivo targeting of an anti-EGFR NF radiolabelled with 18FFBEM were evaluated in a double tumour-bearing mice model. PET images, obtained with a good tumour-tobackground contrast, provided the preclinical proof-of-concept that NF are efficient molecular imaging probes in oncology
Nesterenko, Alla. "Etude et fonctionnalisation de protéines végétales en vue de leur application en microencapsulation." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012INPT0148/document.
Proteins extracted from vegetables are relatively low-cost, non-toxic, biocompatible and biodegradable raw materials. They represent a good alternative to animal-based proteins and petroleum-extracted polymers. In this study, proteins derived from soybean and sunflower seeds were used as wall materials for microencapsulation of hydrophobic (-tocopherol) or hydrophilic (ascorbic acid) active material by spray-drying technique. Soybean proteins are widely used in food and non-food applications, especially in microencapsulation. They were studied in this work as wall material of reference. Sunflower proteins are not actually used in industrial application, but only in the form of oil-cake for animal feeding. That’s why new ways of valorization of this agricultural by-product should be investigated. Several proteins’ modifications such as enzymatic hydrolysis, acylation, cross-linking and cationization were studied in order to improve encapsulating properties of wall material. In the context of green chemistry, all the modifications and preparations were performed without use of organic solvents and chemical catalysts. The effect of protein chemical and enzymatic modifications, and process parameters (homogenization pressure, wall/core ratio and protein concentration) on different characteristics of liquid preparations and microparticles (viscosity, emulsion droplet size, microparticle size and morphology) and on parameters related to the spray-drying process (yield and efficiency of microencapsulation) was particularly investigated in this study. The obtained results confirmed that sunflower proteins are quite suitable as encapsulating agent and provide the microencapsulation efficiencies significantly higher compared to those obtained with soy proteins
Garnier, Boris. "Développement de vecteurs liposomaux fonctionnalisés par des protéines dérivées de l’Annexine 5 et encapsulant des marqueurs pour l’imagerie." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR21651/document.
This subject is in the framework of drug or imaging agent delivery system. This object must carry compound in an organism and selectively recognize a target area. The aims of my work were to add a targeting element to liposomes by use of Anx5 derivative and to encapsulate imaging compound inside the aqueous inner space. First we designed Anx5-bearing liposomes with the Anx5 protein covalently linked at the distal end of a PEG-lipid and used as targeting element. Anx5 conjugation was monitored by SDS-PAGE in order to control Anx5 density on the liposome surface. The influence of ligand density on the efficiency of binding to target membranes and on solutions dispersity was assessed by QCM-D and DLS. A density of 60 Anx5 / liposomes ensure the best target recognition efficiency and dispersity. Finally fluorescent dyes encapsulation was used to image the interaction between Anx5 bearing liposomes and apoptotic cells. To prepare magnetoliposomes we have synthesized and characterized the encapsulation of iron oxide nanoparticle inside neutral and anionic liposomes. The passive encapsulation procedure, the influence of the negative charge and the magnetoliposome stability were evaluated. The number of particle / vesicle was assayed and the liposomes aspect was examined using cryoelectron microscopy. An average of 50 particles / liposomes was encapsulated inside 100nm vesicles. Anionic lipids limit the encapsulation efficiency and promote liposomes destabilization. Finally the use of Anx5ZZ to anchor antibodies on the liposomes surface was characterized and optimized to use antibodies as homing device to target two diseases: atherosclerosis and inflammation. Lipid composition was optimized to stably entrap fluorescent dyes while Anx5 are bound on the membrane. To functionalize the vector, DLS and FRET experiment leads us to choose a sequence that consists in associating antibodies to the Anx5ZZ in a first time and then binding this complex on the liposome surface. Two antibodies were used to address the liposome toward biological targets, ex vivo on atherosclerosis models and in vivo on rats bearing inflammation areas
Schmidt, Grégory. "De la réalisation de transistors à effet de champ à nanotubes de carbone par fonctionnalisation chimique spécifique à la mesure optoélectronique d’un bio-hybride nanotubes/protéines photosynthétiques." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112178.
The manuscript presents my work concerning the making and the study of a nanotube/photosynthetic protein bio-hybrids for optoelectronic applications. Indeed, photosynthetic proteins are super dyes with optoelectronic properties optimized by nature. So, we decided to check the possibility of protein integration in electronic device using carbon nanotubes as a nano-probe. During our work, the problem of making efficient carbon nanotubes field-effect transistors (CNTFETs) appeared. To solve this problem, we chose to enhance transistor performance using functionalisation by diazonium that is selective for metallic but not enough for sorting proposes. In the aim of increasing the selectivity, we decided to study the coupling mechanism which was unknown. Using kinetic studies, we showed that the reaction proceeds through a chain mechanism. In particular, the origin of the reaction selectivity was precisely determined and our work paves the way for selectivity improvement. Then, we improved the reaction selectivity using a Lewis base. Indeed, this addition increases dramatically the reaction selectivity for metallic nanotubes. Using this method, we realized efficient CNTFETs in high-volume. Promising results in the photosensitization of nanotubes by photosynthetic proteins were obtained. Indeed, we observed that the photo-induced dipolar moment created in proteins changed the electrical characteristics of CNTFET. The protein performance allowed increasing the optical sensitivity of the device. In particular, the protein activity proved robust in spite of protein fragility. Finally, this thesis opens the way to the protein integration in electronic or photovoltaic devices
Harari, Marine. "Mise au point de méthodes de synthèse pour la fonctionnalisation de composés hétérocycliques potentiels inhibiteurs de kinases." Rouen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ROUES021.
This thesis deals with the development of modulation strategies of the thiazoloquinazolinone structure. We are especially interested in elaborating transition metal-catalyzed methods in order to functionalize this heterocyclic system. Development of new synthetic routes for the synthesis of nitrogen containing analogues is also detailed. The first part of this manuscript concerns the use of transition metal in functionalization reactions in order to elaborate new tools for the modulation of thiazoloquinazolinones. Despite the failure with decyanative coupling reactions, the hydrodecyanation reactions took place in excellent yields. Direct C-H arylation reactions also were evaluated and efficient methods were elaborated with quinazolin-4(3H)-ones and thiazolo[5,4-f]quinazolin-9(8H)-ones substrates. The second part of this manuscript is focused on the synthesis of analogues containing an additional intracyclic nitrogen. Different pathways to access to these compounds are described. The third part deals with the biological evaluation of most of the compounds prepared along this work. Some protein kinases have been studied in order to evaluate the potential inhibition activity of our products
Joguet, Nicolas. "Utilisation et fonctionnalisation de protéines pour la conception de nouvelles microsphères permettant la protection et le relargage contrôlé de vitamine A." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LAROS037.
The main objective of this thesis was to study the influence of functionalization of proteins by sugars or grape polyphenols in the vitamin A microsphere formulation and behavior. The formulation of different conjugated stemming either from the Maillard reaction or from the complexation of polyphenols on proteins was made on three proteins : pea proteins, sodium caseinate and type A gelatin. In a first part, the characteristics and the emulsifying power of the combined were studied, and confirmed the potential of stabilization of oil in the time. A second part was on the observations with scanning electron microscope of microspheres and on the methodology of specific observation in this kind of sample. The third part studied the influence of functionalization on vitamin A stability in the time, liberation on gastric or enteric digestion media, and liberation of co-encapsulated geraniol. The last study concerned the muco-adhesive potential of microspheres by using an original analysis
Issa, Sabin. "Fonctionnalisation de la surface du titane pour les implants dentaires." Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST1075/document.
The objective of this thesis is to create new nanostructured surfaces with bioactive coatings and to study theirs physicochemical properties in order to develop better dental implants designs and promote their osseointegration. This functionalization was performed in two steps; starting by the nanostructuration of TiO2 surface by anodisation to create reactive sites on the edges of titanium nanotubes which acts as points of “attachment" to bioactive coatings. The second step was the surface chemical modification by coating the nanostructured surface with bioactive coatings of calcium phosphate (CaP) and strontium doped calcium phosphate (Sr.CaP). This coating was performed by pulsed electrodeposition. The physicochemical characterization by XPS, SEM and IR showed that doping with Sr promotes a non-apatitic compound similar to DCPD or DCPA (Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate or Anhydrous), while undoped CaP coating looks like an amorphous apatite-like compound ACP. The addition of strontium has the double advantage of optimizing the cellular multiplication and of giving an inorganic phase with bio-performance better than apatitic compounds. We also evaluated the adsorption proprieties of these functionalized surfaces by investigating the adsorption of proteins (BSA). This adsorption was performed onto tblank nanotubes, nanotubes coated with CaP and Sr doped CaP and evaluated according to deposition time and to the pH value of the solution that affect both protein and surface charge. The kinetic and structural evaluation reveals different adsorption geometries according to pH and adsorption time and also according to the chemical nature of surface. Such results of protein adsorption and conformation may form a database to understand and control protein activities and reactions with living body when used for dental implants system
Sahnoun, Sophian. "C-H fonctionnalisation de purines : synthèse d’inhibiteurs potentiels de la HSP90." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA114803/document.
Resistance to current treatments of cancer encourages finding new therapeutical targets. The heat shock protein 90 (hsp90) is a molecular chaperon which regulates the folding of many client proteins associated with all of the six hallmarks of cancer, and helps maintaining their proper conformation. Consequently, the hsp90 has become an exciting new target in cancer drug discovery since the inhibition of its ATPase activity leads to depletion of these client proteins via the proteasomal pathway. PU3 and PU24S are purine-based hsp90 inhibitors functionalized on C-8 position. In the aim to identify more active compounds and/or new subfamilies of inhibitors, we have developed new metal-catalyzed C-H activation processes of various heterocycles including purines and other azoles. These new and simple approaches have allowed the access to numerous C-8 functionalized purines bearing (het)aryl, alkenyl and benzyl moieties
Baladi, Tom. "Autour du noyau imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine : inhibiteurs potentiels de la protéine kinase Tyro3 et fonctionnalisation directe de liaisons C – H." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS386/document.
Bladder cancer is a major medical issue, being the fourth most frequent cancer in men and treatable only with heavy surgery and/or broad-spectrum chemotherapy. This thesis project deals with the discovery of new targeted therapies of bladder cancer by blocking specifically, at a molecular scale in cancer cells, the signaling pathways in which protein kinase Tyro3 is involved. Indeed, its overexpression in most bladder cancers and the major part it plays in cancer cells survival have led to the validation of protein kinase Tyro3 as a therapeutic target for the treatment of bladder cancer. This thesis project can be divided into three main parts: the development of new synthetic methods around the imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine scaffold, the synthesis of a library of compounds using these methods and eventually the study of structure-activity relationships of these compounds versus Tyro3