Дисертації з теми "Fonction energie"
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Lauret, Jérôme. "Importance et évolution de l'énergie collective radiale en fonction de l'énergie d'excitation des systèmes formés au cours de la réaction Au+C à 1 GeV/nucléon." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10211.
Повний текст джерелаGiudice, Emmanuel. "Etude par dynamique moléculaire des aspects énergétiques et conformationnels des déformations de la double hélice d'ADN en fonction de sa séquence de bases." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066139.
Повний текст джерелаChouikha, Raouf. "Aspects des fonctions elliptiques. \\ Solutions périodiques d'équations différentielles.\\ Métriques pseudo-cylindriques. \\ Problèmes isopérimètriques plans." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Rouen, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003633.
Повний текст джерелаGrosjean, Camile. "Usages de batteries lithium-ion comme fonction de stockage de l'électricité à la convergence des besoins énergétiques de l'habitat solaire et du transport électrique." Phd thesis, Université Pascal Paoli, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00802060.
Повний текст джерелаPoulet, Emmanuel. "Quantité d'énergie délivrée au cours du traitement ECT : titration ou méthode "âge-dose"? Données de la littérature et éléments du débat. Données originales issues de trois études prospectives." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR23062.
Повний текст джерелаGigant, Ludovic. "Étude expérimentale de la fonction de distribution en énergie des électrons dans un laser à vapeur de cuivre et conséquences électrodynamiques." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10154.
Повний текст джерелаLucazeau, Dominique. "Etudes d'automatique sur un prototype de pompe a chaleur chimique." Perpignan, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PERP0043.
Повний текст джерелаMorell, Christophe. "Un nouveau descripteur de la réactivité chimique : étude théorique et applications à la sélectivité de quelques réactions chimiques." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE10169.
Повний текст джерелаThe prediction of the reactivity and the selectivity of a chemical process is critical. Conceptual Density Functional Theory (Conceptual DFT) is the theoretical framework in which all the global and local indexes aiming to describe the chemical reactivity have been rationalized. The description of a chemical process in terms of derivatives of the electronic energy with respect of either the number of electron (N) or the external potential [v(r)], provides a definition of each index. In this work a new dual descriptor that characterizes the variations of the absolute hardness when the external potential changes have been proposed. It has been regarded through three different theoretical points of view: its relations with the Fukui functions; its links with the covalent interaction energy; and finally its compliance with the Principle of Maximum Hardness. It appears from the three studies that the sign of the descriptor is able to characterize the electrophilic/nucleophilic behavior of a molecular site. Finally, the descriptor has been tested through of some classical organic reactions. All the predictions are in agreement with the experimental results
Dulieu, Olivier. "Etude des systemes atomiques a deux electrons externes par la methode de fonction d'onde correlee de pluvinage : application a l'etude des ions alcalins negatifs." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066350.
Повний текст джерелаMarchetto, Christophe. "Caractérisation expérimentale de la réponse vibro-acoustique de panneaux sous excitations aléatoires par mesure de fonctions de sensibilité." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11953.
Повний текст джерелаAbstract: The experimental vibro-acoustic characterization of panels submitted to random pressure fields is of great interest in the industry as well as in research laboratories. For the transport sector, this type of excitation can be found when a turbulent flow develops at the wall of a moving vehicle for example. The pressure fluctuations induced by the turbulent boundary layer excite the panels which radiate a noise inside the cabin. The experimental reproduction of those pressure fluctuations requires test means which can be very costly (i.e., wind tunnel, in situ tests) and whose physical parameters can hardly be controlled. The repeatability of measurements can thereby be questioned which makes it hard to compare different technological solutions. A second example of random pressure field is the diffuse acoustic field. This latter is usually reproduced in a reverberant room which is often coupled with an anechoic chamber by means of the panel whose acoustic insulation is to be tested. A pressure field is assumed to be diffuse if the acoustic energy comes from every direction with an equiprobable intensity of the incident waves. This assumption is never fully reached in practice (lack of grazing incident waves, strong modal behavior of the room at low frequencies, etc.). A laboratory tool which allows reproducing the effect of those random excitations in a controlled environment is therefore of great interest. In this context, this thesis aims at developing an experimental method to characterize the vibro-acoustic behavior of panels under random pressure fields without using the common test means (wind tunnel, reverberant room, in situ tests, etc.). For relevance sake, this approach must compensate for the previously stated issues. The approaches studied in this work are based on the mathematical formulation of the problem in the wavenumber domain. This latter allows an explicit separation of the contributions of the excitation via the wall-pressure cross-spectrum, from those of the vibro-acoustic behavior of the panel via so-called ‘sensitivity functions’. Assuming the wall-pressure cross-spectrum of the excitation is known, it is only required to experimentally determine those sensitivity functions, on the panel or in the acoustic medium, to determine the response of the panel to the considered excitation by post-processing. Two methods aiming at determining the sensitivity functions will be numerically and experimentally studied: the source scanning technique and the method based on the reciprocity principle. Results obtained with those method are compared to measurements using standard test means to attest the validity of those methods. Several vibro-acoustic indicators will be confronted while considering the two previously mentioned excitations and for two types of panels: an academic panel and a ‘complex’ from the aeronautic sector. This latter shows the applicability of the method in an industrial context.
Zaoui, Mohammed. "Etude experimentale de la combustion du charbon pulverise dans un four vertical a geometrie simplifiee suivi d'echangeurs, recherche des parametres de marche en fonction des differentes caracteristiques des combustibles et des parametres de conduite." Paris, ENMP, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ENMP0107.
Повний текст джерелаBressoux, Richard. "Phénomènes de transport de la lumière dans les milieux non linéaires." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10080.
Повний текст джерелаGutlé, Claudine. "Espaces orbitalaires et théorie de la fonctionnelle de la densité : éléments pour le développement d' une approche de la chimie quantique basée sur le théorème de Hohenberg et Kohn ainsi que sur l' équation de Schrödinger, et qui conduit à des résultats exacts en suivant une systématique gouvernée par l' espace orbitalaire." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA077160.
Повний текст джерелаChiche, Serge. "Fonctions et équations reliant les premier et second principes de la thermodynamique." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05P009.
Повний текст джерелаGrenier, Philippe. "Etude des fonctions de structure en spin du nucleon : l'experience e143 au slac." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995CLF21720.
Повний текст джерелаCHEVROT, ISABELLE. "Etude du flot en fonction de la centralite dans les collisions d'ions lourds aux energies ultrarelativistes." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CLF22047.
Повний текст джерелаRussier, Vincent. "Contribution à la description théorique de l'interface métal noble / solution électrolytique." Paris 6, 1986. https://hal.science/tel-04577395v1.
Повний текст джерелаTheoretical description of the interface between a noble metal and an electrolytic solution. The description of the solution-wall solid interface is described by the "civilized" model in which the molecules are hard spheres bearing a point dipole and the ions of charged hard spheres. Determination of the density profile of dipoles when they interact with the surface and the density profile of ions. For noble-vacuum metal interface, calculation of output work and surface energy. Use of a simple model to treat the surface and account for hybridization s/d
Maginier, Sylvain. "Le filtrage des défauts dans l'analyse de la sécurité dynamique en temps réel des grands réseaux électriques." Grenoble INPG, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPG0168.
Повний текст джерелаOn-line dynamic security analysis is very difficult to realize because of the numerous calculations necessary in just a few minutes. Until now, no methods hâve been able to accomplish this task. In this context, contingency screening is very important because it allows reducing significantly the number of calculations. The scope of this study has been to realize contingency screening with existing transient stability analysis methods. First, the main transient stability analysis methods hâve been studied and tested with four power Systems. Subsequently, the most efficient methods hâve been modified and improved to increase their speed, reliability and accuracy, Following thèse modifications, two new dynamic security analysis methods hâve been designed. The first method allows a quick and accurate détermination of the power System stability. The second method allows the précise CCT calculation within a few simulations. From thèse two methods which hâve complementary characteristics, a multi-level contingency screening method has been proposed. This screening method is reliable, accurate and fast
Ben-Haim, Eli. "La fonction de fragmentation du quark b, du LEP au TeVatron." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010858.
Повний текст джерелаÁlvares, De Oliveira Júnior Frederico Guilherme. "Multi autonomic management for optimizing energy consumption in cloud infrastructures." Nantes, 2013. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=15c149de-7475-4617-84ac-69aae3f7cad0.
Повний текст джерелаAs a direct consequence of the increasing popularity of Internet and Cloud Computing services, data centers are amazingly growing and hence have to urgently face energy consumption issues. Paradoxically, Cloud Computing allows infrastructure and applications to dynamically adjust the provision of both physical resources and software services in a pay-per-use manner so as to make the infrastructure more energy efficient and applications more Quality of Service (QoS) compliant. However, optimization decisions taken in isolation at a certain level may indirectly interfere in (or even neutralize) decisions taken at another level, e. G. An application requests more resources to keep its QoS while part of the infrastructure is being shutdown for energy reasons. Hence, it becomes necessary not only to establish a synergy between cloud layers but also to make these layers flexible and sensitive enough to be able to react to runtime changes and thereby fully benefit from that synergy. This thesis proposes a self-adaptation approach that considers both application internals (architectural lasticity) and infrastructure (resource elasticity) to reduce the energy footprint in cloud infrastructures. Each application and the infrastructure are equipped with their own autonomic manager, which allows them to autonomously optimize their execution. Ln order to get several autonomic managers working together, we propose an autonomic model for coordination and synchronization of multiple autonomic managers. The approach is experimentally validated through two studies: a qualitative (QoS improvements and energy gains) and a quantitative one (scalability)
Gawiec, Pierre. "Propriétés statiques et dynamiques des états de basse énergie d'un système de spins bidimensionnel anisotrope désordonné." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10206.
Повний текст джерелаMambrini, Thomas. "Caractérisation de panneaux solaires photovoltaïques en conditions réelles d’implantation et en fonction des différentes technologies." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112380/document.
Повний текст джерелаNowadays, photovoltaic (PV) keeps growing fast and an increasing number of studies is require in order to assure the reliability and predictability of the PV-produced electricity. The lack of visibility concerning this field is a continuous source of complaints from the investors who hesitate to commit to PV projects (especially after the decrease of buying prices in Europe). Therefore, to assure the successful increase of PV energy, it is necessary to provide studies aiming at better understanding PV systems in real operations conditions, that means in outdoor conditions.The goal of this doctoral work has been to characterize different PV module technologies in their real use conditions. The outdoor parameters that influence the behavior of different module technologies have been investigated. The goal was to obtain useful information which could make PV-produced electricity more reliable. Therefore, these studies can efficiently complete standard laboratory characterization tests made under a single condition, the purpose of which is usually to determine the efficiency of the different solar cells technologies.To achieve this goal, first it has been necessary to define the outdoor parameters that mainly influence the modules and the most suitable methods to be used for their investigation. For this reason, part of this doctoral work has been devoted to the study of weather and atmospheric factors affecting the electrical behavior of the modules, as well as setting up instruments and methods to measure them. Additionally, advantages and disadvantages of outdoors characterizations have been addressed.Then, after multiple fully automated PV platforms, mounted at the LGEP and at Ecole Polytechnique, thanks to a collaboration with the Laboratoire de Méteorologie Dynamique (LMD). The different applications and uses of these platforms have been highlighted by analyzing data recorded periodically (every minute on average) over periods ranging from days to several months. Manufacturer data, which are acquired in standard test conditions, and the performance measured in several conditions are compared. These results can be used for both research, understanding the behavior of the modules, help in predicting the energy yield of PV system and also to stress the educational role in teaching PV.Finally, the feasibility of an electric card that provides the main characteristics of any PV module by extracting the measured I(V) curve is described. Such electric card, developed at the LGEP, has other uses such as the determination of the maximum operating point
Homedan, Chadi. "La fonction mitochondriale dans un modèle murin de Porphyrie Aiguë Intermittente (PAI)." Thesis, Angers, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ANGE0077/document.
Повний текст джерелаHereditary porphyrias are a group of metabolic disorders of the haem biosynthesis pathway, the most severe and important porphyria is the Acute Intermittent Porphyria (AIP). Several metabolic links exist between haem biosynthesis and mitochondria, which is an organelle specialized in energy production. The aim of this work was to examine the impact of the acute attack of AIP on the mitochondrial energetic function. We have shown in a mice model of AIP, with deficiency in the hydroxymethylbilane synthase (HMBS), a mitochondrial metabolic dyfunction, an important alteration in the mitochondrial respiratory complexes activity, and those of Krebs cycle. This deficiency concerned the mice at basal state and after induction by phenobarbital in different tissus (liver, skeletal muscle and brain). In vitro, the administration of delta-aminolevulinic acid, a precursor of haem accumulating in AIP caused a dose-dependent impairment of mitochondrial function with an overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Our results suggest that acute attack of AIP alters the mitochondrial function in vivo and in vitro. This new data allows to better understand the pathophysiology and the clinical expression of this disease
Bourgoin, Jean-Christophe. "Propriétés minimisantes d'applications p-harmoniques naturelles : minimisation d'une énergie sur les réseaux du plan." Tours, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOUR4025.
Повний текст джерелаGonzalez, Granillo Marcela Alejandra. "La bioénergétique systémique moléculaire des cellules cardiaques : la relation structure-fonction dans la régulation du métabolisme énergétique compartmentalisé." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENV078/document.
Повний текст джерелаUn élément important de la régulation du métabolisme énergétique des muscles cardiaque et squelettiques est l'interaction des mitochondries avec le cytosquelette. Les mitochondries sont responsables de l'approvisionnement des cellules en énergie, elles sont capables d'ajuster leur activité fonctionnelle en fonction des conditions de stress ou d'autres aspects de la vie. Les mitochondries ont une distribution spécifique selon les tissus. Dans les cardiomyocytes de rats adultes, les mitochondries sont disposées régulièrement dans un entrelacement longitudinal au niveau des bandes A, entre les myofibrilles et dans les limites des sarcomères. En interaction avec le cytosquelette, le sarcomère et le réticulum sarcoplasmique, elles forment des complexes fonctionnels appelés unités énergétiques intracellulaires (ICEUs). Les ICEUs ont des voies spécialisées de transfert d'énergie et de régulation des feedback métaboliques entre les mitochondries et les ATPases, médiée par la CK et l'AK. La structure centrale des ICEUs est l'interactosome mitochondrial (MI) qui confient l'ATP synthasome, la chaîne respiratoire, la créatine kinase mitochondriale et VDAC, qui pourrait être régulé par les tubulines. Le rôle principal du MI est la régulation de la respiration et des flux d'énergie intracellulaires via les réseaux de phosphotransfert. La régulation des ICEUs est liée aux protéines structurales. L'association des mitochondries avec plusieurs protéines du cytosquelette, décrite par plusieurs groupes, a mis en évidence l'importance de la relation structure-fonction dans la régulation métabolique des cardiomyocytes de rats adultes. Pour fournir une meilleure compréhension de ces résultats, le présent travail étudie le mécanisme de contrôle des flux d'énergie et le rôle des relations structure-fonction dans la régulation métabolique de cardiomyocytes de rats adultes. Pour montrer ces associations complexes dans les cellules cardiaques adultes, plusieurs protéines ont été visualisées par microscopie confocale: l'α-actinine et les isoformes des β-tubulines. Pour la première fois, l'existence d'une distribution spécifique des isoformes de β-tubuline dans les cellules cardiaques adultes a été montré. Des mesures respiratoires ont été réalisées pour étudier le rôle des tubulines dans la régulation de la consommation d'oxygène. Ces résultats ont confirmé le rôle déterminant des protéines du cytosquelette -tubulines, α-actinine, plectine, desmine, et autres- pour le maintien de la forme normale des cellules cardiaques, ainsi que de l'arrangement et de la régulation mitochondrial. En outre, la dynamique mitochondriale a été étudiée in vivo et in situ par la transfection de la GFP-α-actinine, ceci permettant la mise en évidence du fait que le phénomène de fusion ne se produit pas aussi souvent qu'on ne le croit pour des cellules cardiaques adultes en bonne santé
Blohm, Karl-Heinz. "La mesure de la fonction de structure du photon à petit Q², avec le détecteur CELLO." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 1988. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00486316.
Повний текст джерелаMoad, Sofiane. "Energy conservation methods for use in wireless sensor network communications." Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1S155.
Повний текст джерелаLes Réseaux de Capteurs Sans Fil (RCSF) sont composés de capteurs de petites tailles, qui ont la capacité de prélever et de calcul des données dans un environnement inaccessible pour ensuite les communiquer à un utilisateur final. Ces capteurs ont une capacité limitée en batteries, et donc l'énergie devient un problème critique pour leur conception. Cette thèse se focalise sur le développement de divers techniques d'économie d'énergie. Ainsi, nos directions de recherche tournent autour de trois axes principaux: 1) l'intégration du calcul: l'agrégation et la compression, au sein d'un RCSF, 2) le groupement de capteurs, et 3) diversité de radios. Premièrement, nous avons proposé une technique d'aggregation, appelée Smart AGgregation (SAG)}, qui contrôle la consommation d'énergie de capteurs en s'adaptant à l'erreur des données tolérée par l'utilisateur. En plus de l'agrégation, nous avons intégré un mécanisme de compression de données dans une architecture à base de groupement des capteurs, pour développer un protocole appelé Compression Cluster-based scheme in a Spatial Correlated Region CC_SCR, pour assurer une plus grande économie d'énergie. Deuxièmement, notre recherche rapporte au développement du protocole de groupement des capteurs, appelé ADaptive Energy-Efficient Clustering protocole ADEEC, en vue de réaliser à la fois une meilleure organisation de réseau et une meilleure consommation d'énergie. Finalement, nous avons exploré l'apport d'utilisation de multiples radios lors du routage. Par conséquent, nous avons d'abord proposé une nouvelle métrique qui permet de choisir une radio à energie minimale pour le routage. Ensuite, nous avons proposé une autre métrique qui équilibre la consommation d'énergie au sein d'un RCSF pour prolonger la durée de vie. Enfin, nous avons proposé une métrique sensible au délai, qui s'adapte aux priorités des paquets lors du routage. La validation de nos contributions est effectuée analytiquement et par simulation avec l'outil TOSSIM
Omphalius, Cléo. "Variations de l’efficience d’utilisation des acides aminés d’intérêt en fonction des apports en énergie chez la vache laitière." Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NSARB325.
Повний текст джерелаFor dairy nutritionists, increasing the efficiency of metabolizable proteins (MP, microbial proteins and dietary proteins escaped ruminal digestion), which is the ratio between the exported protein and MP supply, is an environmental and economic challenge. This efficiency depends of the metabolic fate of amino acids (AA), nutrients absorbed after the hydrolysis of MP, and consequently of the partition between the use of AA to synthesize the different proteins exported and their catabolism in urea. The use of AA is an energy-dependent process. This work aimed to understand the variations of the efficiency of use of individual AA in response to energy supply. Data from three splanchnic or/and mammary metabolism studies have been used to study the variations of AA use. The net energy supply was modulated in interaction with the supply of total AA or with those of the three most limiting essential AA (EAA, Lys, Met and His).The originality of this work was to combine measurements on metabolism to the calculation of individual EAA efficiencies to better understand their catabolism by their inefficiency. The efficiency of PM was calculated by considering, not only milk protein exports, but all exported proteins (INRA, 2018), including endogenous fecal proteins. This calculation was then applied to individual EAA using the EAA profiles of each protein fraction (Lapierre et al., 2016). The main conclusions were that variations in protein exports are explained by variations in net splanchnic and mammary fluxes and by changes in intramammary uses of AA according to nutritional situ
Wang, Yewan. "Évaluation et modélisation de l’impact énergétique des centres de donnée en fonction de l’architecture matérielle/ logicielle et de l’environnement associé." Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IMTA0175.
Повний текст джерелаFor years, the energy consumption of the data center has dramatically increased followed by the explosion of demand in cloud computing. This thesis addresses the scientific challenge of energy modeling of a data center, based on the most important variables. With such modeling, an data center operator will be able to better reallocate / design the current / future data centers. In order to identify the energy impacts of hardware and software used in computer systems. In the first part of the thesis, to identify and characterize the uncertainties of energy consumption introduced by external elements: thermal effects, difference between identical processors caused by imperfect manufacturing process, precision problems resulting from power measurement tool, etc. We have completed this scientific study by developing a global power modeling for a given physical cluster, this cluster is composed by 48 identical servers and equipped with a direct expansion cooling system, conventionally used today for modern data centers. The modeling makes it possible to estimate the overall energy consumption of the cluster based on operational configurations and data relating to IT activity, such as ambient temperature, cooling system configurations and server load
AGRAM, Jean-Laurent. "Mesure de la section efficace inclusive de production des jets en fonction de leur impulsion transverse dans l'expérience DØ au Fermilab." Phd thesis, Université de Haute Alsace - Mulhouse, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009700.
Повний текст джерелаBetermin, Laurent. "Energies de réseaux et calcul variationnel." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PEST1006/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis, we study minimization problems for discrete energies and we search to understand why a periodic structure can be a minimizer for an interaction energy, that is called a crystallization problem. After showing that a given Bravais lattice of R^d submitted to some parametrized potential can be viewed as a local minimum, we prove that the triangular lattice is optimal, among Bravais lattices of R^2, for some energies per point, with or without a fixed density. Finally, we prove, from Sandier and Serfaty works about 2D Coulomb gases, Rakhmanov-Saff-Zhou conjecture, that is to say the existence of a term of order n in the asymptotic expansion of the optimal logarithmic energy for n points on the 2-sphere. Furthermore, we show the equivalence between Brauchart-Hardin-Saff conjecture about the value of this term of order n and Sandier-Serfaty conjecture about the optimality of triangular lattice for a coulombian renormalized energy
Hamon, Marie-Paule. "Importance de la protéase mitochondriale Lon dans le maintien de l'homéostasie protéique et de la fonction mitochondriale." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS241.
Повний текст джерелаAs the main energy producer of the eukaryotic cell, mitochondria are also a major source of reactive oxygen species and a prime target for oxidative damage to proteins. To cope with these mechanisms involved in ageing and a large number of pathologies, the mitochondrion has protein maintenance systems among which the Lon protease. The objective of this thesis was to clarify the role of this protease localized in the mitochondrial matrix and particularly involved in mitochondrial proteins homeostasis and the elimination of oxidized proteins. This study was conducted on transformed HeLa cells so that Lon expression could be significantly reduced. Our results show that lack of Lon affects protein homeostasis by elevating carbonyl protein levels. We have also identified a number of proteins with varying levels of expression and oxidative changes in the absence of Lon. The mitochondrial function is also disturbed by Lon down expression as this is accompanied by a decrease in the activity of the respiratory chain. In addition, slightly more than a third of the proteins affected by Lon failure are mitochondrial and about half of them are involved in two areas: energy metabolism and protein quality control. Mitochondrial network fragmentation and potential mitochondrial DNA integrity damages noted in Lon-free cells are further arguments in favor of mitochondrial dysfunction. Finally, the impact of Lon deficiency on protein homeostasis and mitochondrial function can be modulated by the carbon source available to the cells since it varies according to whether the culture medium is supplemented with glucose or galactose
Incerti, Sébastien. "Mesure de la fonction de structure polarisée g1n du neutron par l'expérience E154 au SLAC." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002876.
Повний текст джерелаIgnat, Radu. "Singularités dans quelques problèmes variationnels." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066368.
Повний текст джерелаSantana, Victor Mancir Da Silva. "Contribuição ao estudo da função dielétrica de superfície por espectroscopia de perda de energia de fotoelétrons induzidos por raios-X (XPS-PEELS)." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1S024/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis surface physics study, experimental and theoretical, develops a technique based on the energy loss spectroscopy of photoelectrons, to determine electronic properties of a material from XPS measurements. Based on the physics of photoemission in a homogeneous solid, the XPS-PEELS technique provides the energy loss function ELF(E, q) related to the imaginary part and the dielectric function with energy extension up to 50 eV and a typical sensitivity of ≈ 5 nm in depth. In metals or low-gap semiconductors, with important overlap between the elastic peak and the energy loss region, the technique became applicable by the Fourier transform method developed in this thesis. In addition to the distribution of the X-ray source and analyzer apparatus function, the asymmetric shape of the no-loss peak ZLP(E) is based on the calculation of the Density of Electronic States (DFT method) and the Hopfield-Wertheim-Citrin model describing the response of valence electrons to the creation of the hole (many body theory). The XPS-PEELS algorithm uses the entire spectrum without any empirical background subtraction. It considers two types of plasmon excitations - intrinsic and extrinsic - with different rates of creation but imposing the same distribution in energy. This original method was applied to the aluminum metal, allowing the analysis of the loss function and revealing interband excitations (1.80 eV) at low energy, very close to the no-loss peak. As an electron spectroscopy technique, dispersion effects of the loss function ELF(E, q) were considered using a TD-DFT code (Exciting); for any level of approximation (RPA, ALDA, LRC), the calculations do not describe properly the high width (2.3 eV) of the experimental ELF. At the end of the work, we compare the Fourier transform method with an empirical method of elastic peak elimination, valid for insulators, in the case of aluminum oxide Al₂O₃
Escalé, Laurent. "Élaboration d'un matériau composite multifonctionnel : matériau structural intégrant la fonction de blindage pour protéger des menaces de type "petits fragments"." Thesis, Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EMAC0006/document.
Повний текст джерелаNext generation aircraft fuselage will increasingly use polymer matrix composites that exhibit interesting specific properties. Aeronautical structures are exposed to many requirements and amongst them to that induced by the impact of high energy "small fragments". In order to avoid fuselage break through, an armour function has to be added to its usual mechanical function. With respect to this issue, an approach aiming the integration of such function was adopted and led to the development of a multifunctional composite material within this research work. The study of the behaviour under low speed (Charpy tests) and high speed (gas gun tests) impact of common and more specific organic matrix composites dedicated to armour was first performed. This study allowed establishing the link between the material components and the various modes of the impact energy absorption. Several parameters were discriminated: matrix type (thermosetting - thermoplastic), fibre type (mineral - organic), reinforcement architecture (UD - woven - knitted), intra-mesh porosity level, addition of specific inter-ply elements. Several concepts of multimaterials were then proposed. They were defined from combinations of various behaviours observed in the basic materials and are based on different damaging scenarios. They were tested under high speed impact. The observations show a particular aptitude of the polyparaphenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole (PBO) fibre to absorb a large amount of energy by inelastic deformation, especially when it is poorly impregnated
Novel, Aymeric. "Développement d’une méthode de méta modélisation des consommations énergétiques des bâtiments en fonction des facteurs d’usages et d’exploitation pour la garantie de résultat énergétique." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LAROS001/document.
Повний текст джерелаSince building envelope and MEP systems characteristics regularly improve, the weight of non-regulatory energy end-uses increases. These energy end-uses are typically associated with tenants or owners’ activities. In addition, high performance buildings show new issues related to HVAC systems operations. Therefore, it is important to evaluate and improve non-regulatory energy end-uses energy as well as HVAC systems operations efficiencies. We have developed polynomial energy models that can predict energy consumption as a function of building’s activities characteristics and HVAC systems operations factors. We used EnergyPlus software in order to build reliable energy models along with the D-optimum design of experiments method (DOE). Then, we used measurement and verification (M&V) data, associated with probability functions, to determine the associated uncertainty of the calculated energy consumption. Finally, we combine the latter with the polynomial modeling error to calculate the energy consumption global uncertainty, with the goal to identify strategies to reduce it
Sibille, Brigitte. "Modulation de l'effet découplant du 2,4-dinitrophenol en fonction des substrats : étude sur hépatocytes isolés de rat." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10199.
Повний текст джерелаIdrissi, Aouad Maha. "Conception d'algorithmes hybrides pour l'optimisation de l'énergie mémoire dans les systèmes embarqués et de fonctions multimodales." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10029/document.
Повний текст джерелаRésumé en anglais : Memory is considered to be greedy in energy consumption, a sensitive issue, especially in embedded systems. The global optimization of multimodal functions is also a difficult problem because of the large number of local optima of these functions. In this thesis report, I present various new hybrid and distributed algorithms to solve these two optimization problems. These algorithms are compared with conventional methods used in the literature and the results obtained are encouraging. Indeed, these results show a reduction in memory energy consumption by about 76% to more than 98% on our benchmarks on one hand. On the other hand, in the case of global optimization of multimodal functions, our hybrid algorithms converge more often to the global optimum solution. Distributed and cooperative versions of these new hybrid algorithms are also proposed. They are more faster than their respective sequential versions
Etourneau, Thomas. "Les forêts Lyman alpha du relevé eBOSS : comprendre les fonctions de corrélation et les systématiques." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASP029.
Повний текст джерелаThis PhD thesis is part of eBOSS and DESI projects. These projects, among other tracers, use the Lyman-α (Lyα) absorption to probe the matter distribution in the universe and measure thebaryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) scale. The measurement of the BAO scale to the sound horizon ratio allows to constrain the universe expansion and so the ΛCDM model, the standard model of cosmology. This thesis presents the development of mock data sets used in order to check the BAO analyses carried out by the Lyα group within the eBOSS and DESI collaborations. These mocks make use of gaussian random fields (GRF). GRF allow to generate a density field δ. From this density field, quasar (QSO) positions are drawn. From each quasar, a line of sight is constructed. Then, the density field δ is interpolated along each line of sight. Finally, the fluctuating Gunn Peterson approximation (FGPA) is used to convert the interpolated density into the optical depth τ , and then into the Lyα absorption. Thanks to a program developed by the DESI community, a continuum is added to each Lyα forest in order to produce quasar synthetic spectra. The mocks presented in the manuscript provide a survey of quasars whose Lyα forests in the quasar spectra have the correct Lyα×Lyα auto-correlation, Lyα×QSO cross-correlation, as well as the correct QSO×QSO and HCD×HCD (High Column Density systems) auto-correlation functions. The study of these mocks shows that the BAO analysis run on the whole Lyα eBOSS data set produces a non-biaised measurement of the BAO parameters αk et α⊥. In addition, the analysis of the model used to fit the correlation functions shows that the shape of the Lyα×Lyα auto-correlation, which is linked to the bias bLyα and redshift space distorsions (RSD) parameter βLyα, are understood up to 80 %. The systematics affecting the measurement of the Lyα parameters (bLyα et βLyα) come from two different effects. The first one originates from thedistortion matrix which does not capture all the distortions produced by the quasar continuum fittingprocedure. The second one is linked to the HCD modelling. The modelling of these strong absorbers is not perfect and affects the measurement of the Lyα parameters, especially the RSD parameter βLyα. Thus, the analysis of these mocks allows to validate the systematic control of the BAO analyses done with the Lyα. However, a better understanding of the measurement of the Lyα parameters is required in order to consider using the Lyα, which means combining the Lyα×Lyα autocorrelation and Lyα×QSO cross-correlation, to do a RSD analysis
Moutarde, Hervé. "Contributions Numériques à l'Etude des Fonctions de Green et des Propriétés du Vide de la Chromodynamique Quantique." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003120.
Повний текст джерелаAyari, Sami. "Implication des récepteurs nucléaires HNF-4α et HNF-4γ dans la fonction entéroendocrine et la susceptibilité à l'obésité et au diabète de type II". Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066380.
Повний текст джерелаObesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are metabolic pathologies associated with glucose and energy homeostasis perturbations. Enterohormones are important players in the regulation of the mechanisms disturbed during these pathologies. Among these enterohormones, GLP-1, secreted by enteroendocrine L cells in response to a meal, potentiates insulin secretion by pancreatic β cells and inhibits food intake. The aim of my thesis was to characterize the role of the nuclear receptor HNF-4γ in the energy homeostasis and the endocrine function of the intestine.By using a total and constitutive HNF-4γ knock-out mouse model, our team has highlighted that the loss of hnf-4γ induces an improved glucose tolerance. This effect is due to an increased GLP-1 cell number and GLP-1 plasma levels in response to glucose. All together these data demonstrate for the first time a role of HNF-4γ in glucose homeostasis through a modulation of the enteroendocrine lineage specific for GLP-1 and suggest that its absence could protect mice from the T2D establishment.The loss of HNF-4γ protects mice from body weight gain and glucose intolerance normally induced by six weeks of a high-fat/high-fructose diet demonstrating its involvement in obesity and T2D. HNF-4γ -/- mice are protected from obesity by a greater energy loss in faeces mainly due to lipid malabsorption. These results demonstrate that HNF-4γ is necessary for the intestinal fatty acids uptake.In conclusion, this study highlights the role of the intestinal nuclear receptor HNF-4γ in enteroendocrine function and susceptibility to obesity and T2D
Laadhari, Aymen. "Modélisation numérique de la dynamique des globules rouges par la méthode des fonctions de niveau." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00598251.
Повний текст джерелаPierre, Morgan Brieg. "Graphes et maillages adaptés pour le calcul d'applications harmoniques minimisantes." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DENS0041.
Повний текст джерелаDu, Mas des Bourboux Hélion. "Mesure de l'échelle des oscillations acoustiques de baryons dans la fonction de corrélation des forêts Lyman-α avec la distribution des quasars observés dans le relevé SDSS". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS157/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe acoustic wave propagation in the primordial plasma left its imprint in the two-point correlation function of the matter density field. This baryonic acoustic oscillation (BAO) peak builds up a standard ladder allowing us to infer some parameters of the different cosmological models.In this thesis manuscript we present an update of the BAO measurement at a redshift z=2.40, from the cross-correlation function between two tracers of the primordial matter density fluctuations: quasars of SDSS-III (BOSS) and their Lyman-α-forest absorption fluctuations. These fluctuations trace the neutral hydrogen distribution in the intergalactic medium (IGM).This study gives the first developpment of the full physical fit of the cross-correlation. Among other effects, it takes into account quasar physics and the distribution of IGM elements heavier than hydrogen. We also present the first simulations of our analysis. They allow us to validate the overall data analysis leading to the BAO measurement.This study measures the Hubble distance and the angular diameter distance at the 2%$ and 3%$ precision level respectivelly (1 σ interval). We combine our results with other BAO measurements at lower redshifts and find the dark matter density and dark energy density in the framework of two different cosmological models: ΛCDM et oΛCDM
Goessens, Grégoire. "Etude de la transition entre le plasma de quarks et de gluons et la matière hadronique dans le cadre d'un modèle effectif de la QCD : le modèle Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00958242.
Повний текст джерелаNajac, Chloé. "Spectroscopie RMN du 1H pondérée en diffusion, du 13C et du 17O : développements méthodologiques pour l’étude de la structure et de la fonction cellulaire in vivo." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112242/document.
Повний текст джерелаMagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy is a unique tool that allows acquiring brain biochemical profiles and quantifying many cellular parameters in vivo. During this thesis, three different techniques have been developed: (i) 1H diffusion-weighted, (ii) carbone-13 (13C) and (iii) oxygen-17 (17O) NMR spectroscopy to study brain structure and function in vivo. Brain metabolites are cell-specific endogeneous tracers of the intracellular space whose translational diffusion depends on many cellular properties (e.g.: cytosol vicosity and intracellular restriction). Studying the variation of the diffusion coefficient (ADC) as a function of diffusion time (td) allows untangling and quantifying those parameters. In particular, measuring metabolites ADC at long diffusion times gives information about the metabolites compartmentation in cells. In a first study, we measured neuronal and astrocytic metabolites ADC over a large time window (from ~80 ms to ~1 s) in a large voxel in the macaque brain. No dependence of all metabolites ADC on td was observed suggesting that metabolites primarily diffuse in neuronal (dendrites and axons) and astrocytic processes and are not confined inside the cell body and organelles (nucleus, mitochondria). The large size of the voxel, due to low detection sensitivity, did not allow us to study metabolites compartmentation in pure white (WM) and grey matters (GM). Therefore, we performed a new study in the human brain. Results showed that in both WM and GM metabolites diffuse in fiber-like cell structure. Finally, using an even larger time window (up to 2 s) in the macaque brain and analytical models mimicking the cell structure, we estimated the length of neuronal (~110 μm) and astrocytic (~70 μm) processes. ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the main source of energy in the organism, is produced thanks to glucose oxidation inside the mitochondria. 13C NMR spectroscopy is a well-known technique to study brain energy metabolism and can be used to estimate the rate of glucose degradation within the Krebs cycle (VTCA). However, many limitations, concerning data modeling when performing indirect detection or power deposition due to heteronuclear decoupling during direct detection, were encountered on our MRI scanner. Therefore, 17O NMR spectroscopy was developed to quantify the rate of oxygen consumption during oxidative phosphorylation (CMRO2). Methodological and technological developments were necessary and are still ongoing to validate this technique, which has never been used with macaque
Bleuse, Joël. "Effets electro-optiques dans les superreseaux semiconducteurs." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066088.
Повний текст джерелаSpeltz, Jeff. "Caractérisation d'un état dense de quarks et de gluons grâce aux fonctions d'excitation des hypérons multi-étranges mesurées avec l'expérience STAR au RHIC." Phd thesis, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00391681.
Повний текст джерелаOukacha, Ouazna. "Optimisation de consommation pour un véhicule de type voiture." Thesis, Toulon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUL0016/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe present thesis is a study of an optimal control problem having a non-differentiable, but Lipschitz, costfunction. It is inspired by the minimization of the energy consumption of a car-like vehicle or robot along aroad which profile is known. This problem is stated by means of a simple model of the longitudinal dynamicsand a running cost that comprises both an absolute value function and a function that accounts for theefficiency of the energy conversion process. A regularity result that excludes chattering phenomena from theset of solutions is proven. It is valid for the class of control affine systems, which includes the consideredproblem. Three case studies are detailed and analysed. The optimal trajectories are shown to be made of bang,inactivated and backward arcs