Дисертації з теми "Flow Synthesis"
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Simon, Mark David. "Fast flow biopolymer synthesis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/117929.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 125-129).
This thesis describes the development and application of fast flow solid phase synthesis for the preparation of peptides and phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMOs), as well as the application of fast, reliable peptide synthesis to study non-natural protein folding and function. In the first chapter, solid supported peptide synthesis was accelerated using flow by continuously delivering preheated solvents and reagents to the solid support at high flow rate, thereby maintaining maximal concentrations, quickly exchanging reagents, and eliminating the need to heat reagents after they were added to the vessel. In the second chapter, these chemical principles were expanded upon and mechanical challenges particular to accelerated solid phase synthesis were overcome to build a fully automated fast flow peptide synthesizer than incorporates amino acids in as little as 40 seconds each. First, mechanical systems were developed to rapidly switch between the many reagents needed for peptide synthesis while maintaining the proper stoichiometry of all reaction components at all times. Second, conditions under which reagents did not appreciably degrade during storage or synthesis were found. Finally, synthetic outcomes were substantially improved by increasing temperature without degrading the protected, resin bound peptide. The third chapter describes the expansion of fast flow synthesis to PMOs. A 10-fold acceleration of PMO synthesis was realized using mechanical systems adapted from chapter 1, increasing the reaction temperature to 90°C, and introducing a Lewis acid catalyst. The acidity of the deprotection reagent was reduced to prevent cleavage of the backbone during 3' detritylation. In the final chapter, a "D-scan" of two small proteins, the disulfide-rich Ecballium elaterium trypsin inhibitor II (EETI-II) and a minimized Z domain of protein A (Z33), is reported. For each protein, the chirality of one amino acid at a time was inverted to generate a series of diastereomers, and study the critical stereocenters of EETI-I and Z33. Twelve out of 30 EETI-II analogs folded and were high-affinity trypsin inhibitors, but most active analogs were less stable to reduction than EETI-II. Similarly, twelve Z33 analogs retained high binding affinity to IgG, but most were substantially less stable than WT-Z33.
by Mark David Simon.
Ph. D.
Mijalis, Alexander James. "Automated flow peptide synthesis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118272.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
Though reported by Merrifield nearly sixty years ago, batch solid phase peptide synthesis remains slow at minutes to hours per residue. Here we report a fully automated, flow based approach to solid phase polypeptide synthesis with amide bond formation in seven seconds and total synthesis times of forty seconds per amino acid residue. Crude peptide purities and isolated yields were comparable to standard batch solid phase peptide synthesis. Process monitoring with absorbance spectroscopy allows for the immediate detection and rapid optimization of difficult-to-synthesize peptides. This instrument is flexible and allows for synthesis of peptide nucleic acids, glycopeptides, removal of orthogonal amine protecting groups, and click chemistry on the solid phase. At full capacity, this approach to peptide synthesis can yield tens of thousands of individual 30-mer peptides per year.
by Alexander James Mijalis.
Ph. D.
Hayes, Simon Jonathan. "Flow system for heterocyclic synthesis." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2007. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54663/.
Повний текст джерелаPhillips, Thomas William. "Flow synthesis of silver nanowires." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/64907.
Повний текст джерелаRoper, Kimberley Ann. "New flow chemistry methods for organic synthesis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.607846.
Повний текст джерелаKelly, Liam P. (Liam Porter). "Development of a continuous-flow synthesis of neostigmine methylsulfate and studies toward a continuous-flow synthesis of lisinopril." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122853.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
[color illustration] Herein, we describe the development of a continuous flow synthesis of neostigmine methyl sulfate, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor on the WHO list of essential medicines, and the transfer of the synthesis into a next-generation reconfigurable frame developed by our collaborators. Starting from 3-dimethylaminophenol, the synthesis provides a throughput of approximately 46.8 g/day (or 93,600 doses/day) of crude neostigmine methyl sulfate. The synthesis also showcases a prototype in-line evaporation unit that operates without any added carrier gas. Dr. Christina Dai performed early screening of lithium bases. Dr. Yuqing Cui and Dr. Naomi Briggs developed the downstream purification sequence. Dr. Nopphon Weeranoppanant developed the in-line evaporator and, along with Dr. Dale Thomas, assisted with performing the synthesis within their developed frame. Liam P. Kelly developed the continuous synthesis of neostigmine methyl sulfate. [color illustration] Lisinopril is a member of a large family of ACE inhibitors generally known as N-carboxyethyl dipeptides. Of this family, lisinopril is the most commonly prescribed. All known routes to lisinopril require isolation of several synthetic intermediates and protecting group manipulations, thus, development of an efficient continuous synthesis would provide great benefit. Herein we describe our investigation of several routes to generate intermediates of lisinopril with the end goal of a fully continuous synthesis, high material throughput, and minimal protecting group manipulations. Liam P. Kelly performed all work described within this chapter.
by Liam P. Kelly.
Ph. D.
Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry
Lau, Shing Hing. "Organic synthesis : taming chemistry using enabling technologies." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/273347.
Повний текст джерелаPrinzi, Roberta. "Synthesis of functional polymers by flow processes." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15804/.
Повний текст джерелаOnder, Aylin. "Synthesis Of Zeolite Membranes In Flow System." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614815/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаC and 220°
C, and the corresponding system pressures were approximately 20 and 30 bars for MFI and SAPO-34, respectively. The CH4 and n-C4H10 single gas permeances were measured through MFI membranes and the performance of membranes was investigated in the separation of equimolar CH4/n-C4H10 mixtures. The best MFI membrane had a CH4 single gas permeance of 1.45x10-6 mol/m2-s-Pa and CH4/n-C4H10 ideal selectivity of 35 at 25oC. The membranes preferentially permeated n-C4H10 in the separation of mixtures. The n-C4H10/CH4 separation selectivity was 43.6 with a total permeance of approximately 0.8x10-6 mol/m2-s-Pa at 25oC. The ideal selectivities of CO2/CH4 of SAPO-34 membrane synthesized in stagnant medium were 227, and >
1000 at 220 and 200oC, respectively. Formation of amorphous structure and the additional secondary phases (impurities) were observed on SAPO-34 membranes synthesized in recirculating flow system. The results showed that it is possible to produce SAPO-34 and high quality MFI membranes by a recirculating flow system operating at elevated temperature.
Nagy, Kevin David. "Catalyst immobilization techniques for continuous flow synthesis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70405.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 181-199).
Catalytic processes are ubiquitous in both research and industrial settings. As continuous flow processes continue to gain traction in research labs and fine and pharmaceutical chemical processes, new opportunities exist for implementing previously difficult catalytic transformations. The major goal of this thesis is to expand and evaluate techniques for immobilized catalyst systems relevant to continuous flow. Fundamental studies in characterizing mixing, dispersion, and residence time distributions in small scale continuous flow systems are also presented. Given the numerous benefits associated with studying chemical processes at small length scales, microfluidic devices are the tool of choice for most studies in this thesis. Thermomorphic solvents offer the potential for homogeneous catalytic processes with biphasic catalyst recovery and recycle. A major limitation of these processes is the number of synthetically useful thermomorphic solvent combinations demonstrated in literature. A screening program using the modified UNIFAC (Dortmund) activity coefficient model to evaluate phase splitting behavior has been developed to predict thermomorphic behavior. Calculation of 861 binary solvent combinations results in 43 potential thermomorphic and 44 biphasic solvent combinations. Extension of the program to ternary solvents resulted in a new class of ternary solvents that display thermomorphic behavior with tunable critical solution temperatures. Evaluation of thermomorphic processes as a general method is presented. Traditional catalyst immobilization techniques rely on covalent grafting and are well suited to continuous flow processing due to the strong interactions of the catalyst to the support. Fluorous physisorption, which relies on interactions between a fluorous support and a fluorous-tagged catalyst, is characterized and presented as an immobilization technique for flow chemistry. The use of a fluorous-tagged Co(III)-salen catalyst to effect the ring opening of epoxyhexane with water is presented. Application of the platform to the ring closing metathesis of N,Ndiallyltosylamide using a fluorous-tagged Hoveyda-Grubbs metathesis catalyst results in significantly accelerated loss of activity over time compared to the salen catalyst. Use of continuous flow selective adsorption reactors to enhance catalytic processes is presented. Continuous feeds of a homogeneous catalyst into a sorbent where the catalyst displays an affinity for the sorbent results in accumulation of the catalyst in the packed bed. The net effect is an enhancement in turnover frequency and turnover number relative to homogeneous flow. Application of this platform to a Lewis acid catalyzed Diels-Alder reaction results in an order of magnitude improvement in turnover frequency compared to batch and homogeneous flow.
by Kevin David Nagy.
Ph.D.
Kralj, Jason G. "Continuous flow separation techniques for microchemical synthesis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34164.
Повний текст джерелаIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 146-153).
Performing multistep microchemical synthesis requires many techniques from combining micromixers in series to the development of continuous microfluidic separation tools. Safety, high heat and mass transfer rates, and cost savings all continue to motivate microreactor development as a research tool, but many reactions generate a variety of (by)products including solid particles, immiscible fluids (gas and liquid), and miscible components requiring purification. We have endeavored to develop microfluidic systems which compliment existing microreactor technology, using forces that grow stronger with decreasing length scales such as electric fields and interfacial phenomena, and to use straightforward microfluidic mixers for kinetic studies of energetic material synthesis. Dielectrophoresis was used to study the continuous separation of polystyrene particles based on size. Essentially, a microfluidic particle "ratchet" was created using a soft-lithography microchannel and slanted interdigitated electrodes which provide a transverse force component on the particles. Experimental behavior agreed well with the model predictions, and 4 & 6 micron particles were continuously separated. Liquid-liquid extraction is another useful tool for microchemical synthesis and well-suited to small length scales because high mass transfer rates can be attained.
(cont.) However, emulsion formation and phase separation can provide significant challenges to continuous processing. To address breaking emulsions, a microfluidic tool was developed that uses AC E-fields to enhance coalescence of emulsified phases even where high surfactant concentrations are present, transforming the flow regime from disperse to slug. Phase separation of immiscible fluids is achieved by interfacial tension using porous membrane films which selectively wet only one fluid phase. An integrated mixer-contactor-separator was fabricated and used to separate fluids with low interfacial tensions due to miscible components. Solvent extraction and solvent switching were demonstrated using the device, which help enable continuous multistep microchemical synthesis. Kinetic studies and optimization of energetic material synthesis were performed with a relatively simple micromixers-in-series setup for diazotization and nucleophilic substitution reactions. Typical batch operation is performed in sub-ambient conditions with copper salts to precipitate the product and avoid degradation, resulting in a slow, hazardous, laborious synthesis. High heat and mass transfer enabled studying reaction temperatures at 300C to obtain kinetic parameters for both reaction steps.
(cont.) In addition, an optimum pH range for the substitution reaction was found, which will lead to a streamlined, faster process. Though still early in their development, these new tools will hopefully open the door to a range of new chemical syntheses and applications under conditions unachievable on the macroscale. Full integration of these technologies will enable multistep chemistry in microfluidic systems, which in turn will allow screening of new compounds, synthesis optimization, and reduction in chemical waste in a safe, efficient platform usable by chemists and biologists.
by Jason G. Kralj.
Ph.D.
Koecher, Matthew R. "Hardware Synthesis of Synchronous Data Flow Models." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2004. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/20.
Повний текст джерелаBoldrin, Paul. "Synthesis and characterisation of nanomaterial catalysts made using continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497781.
Повний текст джерелаCarter, Catherine Frances. "The application of flow chemistry to natural product synthesis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610524.
Повний текст джерелаWang, Zhenhong. "Power flow analysis of engineering structure using substructure techniques." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270373.
Повний текст джерелаTakahashi, Yusuke. "Flow Microreactor Synthesis Using Short-Lived Organolithium Intermediates." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/215961.
Повний текст джерелаChiu, Chuang-Wei. "Biodiesel synthesis and impact of cold flow additives /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1421124.
Повний текст джерелаLee, Peter D. "Organometallic synthesis in supercritical fluids." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336862.
Повний текст джерелаSagandira, Cloudius Ray. "Exploring acyl azides chemistry in continuous flow systems." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/12065.
Повний текст джерелаBaker, Alastair. "Flow reactors for the continuous synthesis of garlic metabolites." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2015. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/86704/.
Повний текст джерелаSmith, Laura Katherine. "Synthesis of value-added intermediates by continuous flow technology." Thesis, Durham University, 2018. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12526/.
Повний текст джерелаBourne, Samuel. "Development of novel gas-flow methodologies for pharmaceutical synthesis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708895.
Повний текст джерелаQian, Zizheng. "Synthesis of pharmaceutical molecules using flow based chemical processing." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610172.
Повний текст джерелаSmith, Christopher David. "The application of continuous flow technology for organic synthesis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611296.
Повний текст джерелаAnwar, A. "Continuous plastic flow synthesis and characterization of nanoscale bioceramics." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1458257/.
Повний текст джерелаWu, O. Y. "Continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis of lithium ion battery materials." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1455944/.
Повний текст джерелаStarkey, Christopher L. "Continuous-flow hydrothermal and solvothermal synthesis of inorganic nanomaterials." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37016/.
Повний текст джерелаChanna, Sikandar Ali. "Synthesis of Ti-based nanoparticles in continuous flow microreactors." Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT4067/document.
Повний текст джерелаTi-based nanoparticles dispersed in solutions or gels with narrow size distribution may constitute innovative materials as absorbers in new devices such as photobatteries, allowing conversion and electrochemical storage of solar energy. In our work, these nanostructured materials were produced inside a microreactor by hydrolysis of TiOCl2 stabilized in aqueous HCl solution reacting with N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). The use of a microreactor aims at providing a better temperature control and also a confinement of the reactive fluids. The thermal signature of the hydrolysis of TiOCl2 recorded by an infrared camera shows flow instabilities detrimental to the control of nanoparticle sizes. This problem was solved by the pre-dilution of TiOCl2 with DMF in the following proportion 0.52 DMF/Ti (16.7% vol. DMF).Otherwise, the use of an active mixing process based on an electric field implemented inside the microreactor has clearly shown the acceleration of the hydrolysis of TiOCl2without generating parasitic effects(water splitting,formation of Ti3+ions), if operating conditions are adequately chosen (for ex. 7 V AC and 1 MHz). Finally, using Dynamic Light Scattering, an average size of nanoparticles ranging from 5 to 50 nm for pre-diluted TiOCl2 with 16.7% vol. DMFwas obtained depending on flow rates, ageing of samples and implementation or not of an AC electric field
Bannock, James Henry. "Controlled synthesis of semiconducting polymers in droplet flow microreactors." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/45405.
Повний текст джерелаRussell, Mary Grace. "Invention and implementation of technologies for continuous flow synthesis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/127715.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from the PDF of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
In this thesis, I have optimized a synthesis of rufinamide an important epilepsy medication. This convergent synthesis generates two reactive intermediates in situ (aryl azide and propiolamide) and then combines them in a regioselective click reaction utilizing copper tubing as the catalyst. Next, I have optimized a synthesis of nicardipine which is prescribed to treat high blood pressure. The nature of the project required that the final product be relatively pure (>90 %) so that the final product could be crystallized from the reaction mixture. Nicardipine was synthesized in three steps, but in two flow reactors where one of the reactors induced two steps. The reaction mixture was then purified using two in-line aqueous extrations. First, the reaction stream was washed with HCl to produce the salt of nicardipine and wash away polar compounds. Then, the product is extracted into the aqueous layer by using a 1:1 water DMSO mixture.
Finally, the synthesis's scale was increased and run in the system that was created in collaboration with the Jensen lab and Myerson lab. Next, a fully continuous synthesis of linezolid was optimized and run. The synthesis targeted the challenging intermediate amide epoxide that rapidly cyclizes into unwanted oxazolines. We were able to circumvent this side reactivity by masking the nucleophilic amide N-H by quenching the resulting nitrillium after Ritter type reaction with 2-propanol to produce the imidate. After accessing the masked amide epoxide, linezolid was produced by nucleophilic addition to the epoxide with the aniline made from a nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) reduction sequence. Finally, late stage oxazolidinone formation produces linezolid in a 73% yield in 27 minutes longest linear sequence. Next, I contributed to a system that automatically optimized and analyzed organic reactions in continuous flow.
This system in collaboration with the Jensen lab fully integrated software, hardware that controlled the continuous platform, and in-line analytics. This system, after the chemist had provided the desired chemical space, could optimize a reaction without any manual intervention. Finally, I developed a monolithic cellular solid made of functionalized silica for catalyst support. This system could solve some of the problems associated with packed bed reactors including catalyst deactivation due to channeling or clogging of the reactor. This type of catalyst support could be applicable to a large number of catalysts by attaching the catalyst to silane side chains with appended functionality. Portions of this thesis have been published in the following articles co-written by the author and have been reprinted and/or adapted with permission from their respective publishers.Zhang, P.; Russell, M.G.; Jamison, T.F. "Continuous Flow Total Synthesis of Rufinamide" Org. Proc. Res. Dev.
2014, 15671570. © 2014 American Chemical Society. MGR ran the optimization of the synthesis as well as isolation and characterization of the final product. PZ wrote the manuscript and validated the results under TFJ's guidance. Zhang, P.; Weeranoppanant, N.; Thomas, D. A.; Tahara, K.; Stelzer, T.; Russell, M. G.; OMahony, M.; Myerson, A. S.; Lin, H.; Kelly, L. P.; Jensen, K. F.; Jamison, T. F.; Dai, C.; Cui, Y.; Briggs, N.; Beingessner, R. L.; Adamo, A. Advaced Continuous Flow Platform for On-Demand Pharmaceutical Manufacturing, Chem. Eur. J. 2018, 24, 2776-2784. DOI: 10.1002/chem.201706004. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. MGR optimized the synthesis of nicardipine as well as ran the synthesis in the synthesis frame. PZ, HL, LPK, CD, RLB all woked to develop chemistry for the syntheses of the different drug targets. NW, DAT, and AA worked to develop the up-steam synthesis unit as well as necessary undeveloped components.
KT, TS, MM, YC, and NB woked to deleop the continuous recrystalization unit and purified the drug targets. TFJ, KFJ, and ASM provided instrumental guidance to the teams. Russell, M. G.; Jamison, T. F. "Seven-Step Continuous Flow Synthesis of Linezolid Without Intermediate Purification," Angew. Chem Int. Ed. 2019, 58, 7678-7681. DOI: 10.1002/anie.201901814. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All synthetic work was carried out by MGR under TFJ's guidance. B6dard, A.-C.; Adamo, A.; Aroh, K. C.; Russell, M. G.; Bedermann, A. A.; Torosian, J.; Yue, B.; Jensen, K. F.; Jamison, T. F. Reconfigurable System for Automated Optimization of Diverse Chemical Reactions, Science 2018, 361, 1220-1225. © 2018 American Association for the Advancement of Sciences. Reprinted with permission from AAAS. MGR and ACB worked together to run the various optimizations as well as substrate scopes. AAB developed initial conditions for several of the reactions. AA developed the system with JT and BJ's assistance.
KCA integrated the system with the software as well as modeled the optimization protocols. KFJ and TFJ provided instrumental guidance to the teams. Leibfarth, F. A.; Russell, M. G.; Langley, D. M.; Seo, H.; Kelly, L. P.; Carney, D. W.; Sello, J. K.; Jamison, T. F. Continuous-Flow Chemistry in Undergraduate Education: Sustainable Conversion of Reclaimed Vegetable Oil into Biodiesel, J. Chem. Ed. 2018, 95, 1371-1375. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.7b00719. © 2018 American Chemical Society. MGR and DML developed and optimized the chemistry. FAL wrote the manuscript and the laboratory experiment. MGR, HS, and LPK, taught the experiment. DWC provided assistance. JKS and TFJ provided guidance.
by Mary Grace Russell.
Ph. D.
Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry
Burns, Bradley Justin. "Method and applications of fiber synthesis using Laminar Flow." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2009. http://worldcat.org/oclc/475545639/viewonline.
Повний текст джерелаNewby, James. "Synthesis and reactions of isocyanides using a flow reactor." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4127/.
Повний текст джерелаWang, Yantao. "Synthesis and conversion of furfural-batch versus continuous flow." Thesis, Compiègne, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019COMP2474/document.
Повний текст джерелаFurfural, which has been identified as one of top 30 bio-based chemicals, is an important green platform molecule, The aim of this PhD work is to realize the synthesis and conversion of furfural in batch and continuous flow. Here, we developed sorne greener methods for furfural synthesis, and valorized furfural into high value-added products, such as 2-furonitrile, furfuryl alcohol etc. Several keys issues were identified in order to design processes greener than the current ones. ln detail, experiments for furfural synthesis were performed in water or in water and organic solvent when co-solvents (green or eco-friendly) are necessary. Microwave irradiation has been chosen as the heating method to accelerate the dehydration process, and microwave continuous flow reactor was also applied to improve furfural productivity. When starting from furfural to produce high value-added chemicals, efficient flow reactors, suc as Pheonix, H-cube Pro as well as microwave continuous flow With micro-reactor, were also identified as interesting alternatives to improve the productivities of target compounds. As a result, some promising results were obtained in the viewpoint of industry
Jong, Thing Soon. "Continuous flow synthesis of chemical building blocks for biological application." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/17938.
Повний текст джерелаAzeez, Qaisar A. "Synthesis of ultrafine aluminum nitride powders in a flow reactor." Ohio : Ohio University, 1988. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1182779122.
Повний текст джерелаZante, Remi C. "A mechatronic design synthesis for very low flow control valves." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.501848.
Повний текст джерелаHsueh, Nathanael. "Synthesis and reactions of aziridines via batch and flow processes." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/90783/.
Повний текст джерелаAtluri, Lava Kumar. "Design Automation Flow using Library Adaptation for Variation Aware Logic Synthesis." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1397466797.
Повний текст джерелаChigondo, Fidelis. "Continuous flow synthesis of silicon compounds as feedstock for solar-grade silicon production." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/4529.
Повний текст джерелаAkbay, Sezin. "Synthesis Of Low Silica/alumina Zeolite Membranes In A Flow System." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12608697/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаC for 24 h and 80°
C for 8 h. Thicknesses of the membranes synthesized at 80°
C and 60°
C were about 2 µ
m and 4 µ
m, respectively. N2 permeances were 2*10-8 mol/m2sPa and 8*10-8 mol/m2sPa for of the membranes synthesized in the batch system at 60°
C and 80°
C, respectively. When synthesis was carried out in flow system pure and continuous zeolite A membranes were obtained for all conditions. Membranes synthesized at 60°
C and 80°
C had thicknesses of about 1.5 and 2 µ
m, respectively. Lower N2 permeations were obtained for the membranes synthesized in flow system. It was observed that flow rate and seeding did not significantly affect the thickness of the membrane layer. The membranes synthesized in this study are significantly thinner than the membranes reported in the literature. Single gas permeation tests at 25°
C for the membranes showed that comparable membranes with the ones in literature were obtained in this study. For a double layer membrane synthesized in flow system at 80°
C for 8h separation factor about 3700 was obtained for the separation of 92:8 (wt.%) ethanol/water mixture at 45°
C.
Kim, HeeJin. "Flow Microreactor Synthesis via Unstable Organolithium Intermediates Bearing Electrophilic Functional Groups." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/151992.
Повний текст джерелаTorbey, Elie. "Control/data flow graph synthesis using evolutionary computation and behavioral estimation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ37080.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMehmood, Khalid. "Studies on sewer flow synthesis with special attention to storm overflows." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245819.
Повний текст джерелаHeckman, Laurel Millikan. "Enabling the use of unstable, hazardous reagents with continuous flow synthesis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118267.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis. Page 300 blank.
Includes bibliographical references.
[chemical formula] Highly functionalized 2-arylindoles were synthesized from 2-alkenylarylisocyanides and arylboronic acids using a simple, inexpensive copper catalyst. The reaction exhibits excellent functional group tolerance for both the arylisocyanide and boronic acid coupling partners. To avoid the direct handling of the pungent arylisocyanide starting materials, continuous flow chemistry is further demonstrated to provide safe and effective access to 2-arylindoles through in situ dehydration and cyclization of easy-to-handle 2-alkenyl-N-formylanilines. Laurel M. Heckman and Dr. Zhi He contributed equally to initial reaction investigation. Z.H. carried out the arylboronic acid scope. L. M. H. carried out reaction optimization, isocyanide scope and reactions in continuous flow. [chemical formula] Despite its utility, monochloramine (NH₂Cl) has not achieved widespread use as a nitrogen transfer reagent due to its unstable and hazardous nature. We developed a continuous flow platform for the safe, reliable, and inexpensive on-demand synthesis of NH₂Cl. Additionally we demonstrate the synthetic utility of NH2Cl by converting it to valuable NH aziridne and nitrile products in good to excellent yield in exceedingly short reaction times. Dr. Evan Styduhar developed continuous flow synthesis of NH₂Cl. E.S. also developed the reaction of NH2 Cl to form aziridines and nitriles in batch and continuous flow. Laurel M. Heckman helped optimize the continuous flow setup, performed the reaction scope in continuous flow, and explored additional substrates in batch. [chemical formula] A rapid, operationally simple synthesis of 6-TAMRA, an important probe for labeling biomolecules, from 2-carboxycarbonylterephthalic acid and 3-dimethylaminophenol is described herein. The intermediate ketoacid was synthesized in a single step from commercially available dimethylacetophenone. Additionally, progress was made towards a facile scalable synthesis in continuous flow. Dr. Justin A. M. Lummiss carried out the oxidation batch synthesis. Laurel M. Heckman carried out reaction screening and optimization of step 2 of the batch synthesis. L.M.H and J.A.M.L contributed equally to the experiments in continuous flow. Dale Thomas (graduate student, Jensen Research Group, MIT Department of Chemical Engineering) developed the fully automated platform. Bruce Adams (Staff, DCIF of MIT Department of Chemistry) helped with low temperature and 2-D NMR experiments. Peter MUller (Director, Diffraction Facility of MIT Department of Chemistry) carried out the single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments.
by Laurel Millikan Heckman.
Ph. D. in Organic Chemistry
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Повний текст джерелаTorbey, Elie Carleton University Dissertation Engineering Electronics. "Control/data flow graph synthesis using evolutionary computation and behavioral estimation." Ottawa, 1999.
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Повний текст джерелаDeadman, Benjamin Jade. "New tools for flow chemistry and the machine assisted synthesis of pharmaceuticals." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648306.
Повний текст джерелаCancogni, D. "MICROFLUIDIC REACTOR TECHNOLOGY IN OLIGOSACCHARIDE SYNTHESIS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/229555.
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