Дисертації з теми "Fleurs – Dans l'art – 19e siècle"
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Lavigne, Valérie. "« Féminiflores » : le motif de la femme-fleur dans l'imaginaire décadent." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. https://theses.hal.science/tel-05000838.
Повний текст джерелаThe motif of the flower-woman, widespread in literature and the pictorial arts at the end of the nineteenth century, carries specific meaning in the Decadent movement. Through a broad corpus of novels, short stories and poems, centered on Jane de La Vaudère and Félicien Champsaur, as well as paintings, posters and lithographs by various Art nouveau artists like Edmond Rocher and Georges de Feure, this dissertation accounts for the trope's success between 1880 and 1910, and analyzes its symbolic characteristics. In a context marked by blatant misogyny and horticultural enthusiasm, the link between women and flowers encapsulates the obsessions of an era. The flower-woman is one of the many facets of the femme fatale, a figure of the seductive and duplicitous female, both beautiful and dangerous. The thesis not only sheds light on the fecundity of floral images to express the femme fatale, but also shows that they serve to eroticize and aestheticize it, making it both an object of desire and a work of art. The dissertation is organized in three parts: the rooting of the flower-woman motif in Decadent aesthetics, the blossoming of a floral eroticism, and the flourishing of a 1900 icon. The first part identifies and analyzes the characteristic traits of decadent flower-women, considered as paragons of this aesthetic. The second part studies the erotic scope of the association between woman and flower, detailing how the concrete and symbolic aspects of flowers express sex and sexuality. The third part considers the consecration and codification of the motif of the flower-woman, which became emblematic at the beginning of the twentieth century, marking the triumph of its ornamental character over its fatal character. This thesis shows that the flower-woman motif is crucial in the Decadent movement, of which it crystallizes several dimensions, and that the floral images objectify and debase the female gender
Tapié, Alain. "Le sens cache des fleurs : symbolique et botanique dans la peinture du xviieme siecle." Caen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CAEN1304.
Повний текст джерелаSalvi, Claudia. "Jean-Baptiste Monnoyer (Lille 1636 – Londres 1699) : peindre des fleurs et des fruits à l’âge classique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3068.
Повний текст джерелаHaving compiled the entire work catalogue of Jean-Baptiste Monnoyer (easel paintings and decorations), this thesis aims to study and re-value his importance in France during the Grand Siècle.Through the study of works of his collaborators and contemporaries the uniqueness of his artistic personality is specified, as well as his position in the development of still life painting in France during the 17th century.Born in Lille, Monnoyer came early to Paris, where he joins his knowledge of Nordic still life painting to the influence of French « silent life » painters.His name is famous too during the century of Louis XIV as a painter decorator. As such, he made the first decorations for the youth residences of the monarch (Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Vincennes, the Tuileries). He there develops the importance of the pattern of the garland glorifying the prince.As a collaborator of Le Brun, he works in private worksites (Hôtel Lambert, château de Vaux), or in castles of ministers (Sceaux). He also works in England at the end of the century. Due to the great amount of royal orders, he was forced to gather assistants. The artistic issues of this production are analysed: the situation of the still life genre in the official doctrine of the Academy, and his recognition in private collections ; the position of the still life painter in the classical generation, from Felibien to Perrault. And then, the fondamental part of Monnoyer in the development and the rayonnment of this genre is studied
Lecerf, Guy. "Le coloris dans l'art des jardins : théories en France et en Angleterre, 1820-1930." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010644.
Повний текст джерелаAbsalon, Patrick. "La Légende d'Oedipe dans l'art en France au XIXe siècle." Strasbourg 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR20051.
Повний текст джерелаAivalioti, Maria. "Le motif de l’ange dans la peinture symboliste européenne." Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100208.
Повний текст джерелаIn 1886, Jean Moréas gave to the symbolist movement its official identity. Symbolism became one of main movements which came over the borders of its birth country and it was embraced by artists coming from different countries. The symbolist artists didn’t invent new themes, but they elaborated the existent ones under their own prism. The religious subjects occupied a considerable role in their production. Furthermore they abandoned their religious aspect in order to express artist’s thoughts. Messengers, executors, jurists or protectors, often disqualified from their name, the angels, reappeared in the middle of XIX century and until the first decades of XX, established their place in the society which was searching for refuges. The present study, analysing the image of the angel, which is a recurrent motif in symbolist painters work, is going to present, via a typological and iconographical interpretation, the rapports, concerning the style and the thematic, among the European artists who were influenced by the symbolist movement in order to prove that the angel, because of its nature and its role, has become a iconographical emblem for the symbolist painters
Soulillou, Jacques. "La représentation du crime dans l'art aux 19ème et 20ème siècles." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010631.
Повний текст джерелаAicardi-Chevé, Dominique. "Les corps de la contagion : étude anthropologique des représentations iconographiques de la peste (XVIème-XXème siècles en Europe)." Aix-Marseille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX20688.
Повний текст джерелаKang, Hui-an. "La représentation de la pauvreté dans la peinture française du XIXe siècle (1830-1900)." Montpellier 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON30020.
Повний текст джерелаNever painting has so much been worried about poverty than during the xixth century. Not without reason since the latter is a fundamental phenomenon of the time. To the sociologists, philosophers and writers who have all thought carefully, one time or another, about the problem of poverty, we can add various painters. They have had no hesitation to paint and unveil the human beings in the most horrible situations: blind beggars, homeless families, little flower-sellers, workers in dispair commiting suicide. . . But also the acts of charity, individual and institutional. Neverthelesse, their different look leads to a complex mode of expression. Actually, the xixth century painting have an eclectic vision which mixes all genres and all styles. In the whole, all these painting come within the scope of a production marked by the opposition between idealism and realism. This double path is the esthetical axis of the representation of poverty during the xixth century
Nayrolles, Jean. "Roman et néo-roman : de l'invention du passé dans la culture archéologique et dans l'art du XIXe siecle français." Toulouse 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU20054.
Повний текст джерелаGrandordy, Béatrice. "Charles Darwin et l'évolution dans les arts plastiques, 1859-1914." Paris, EPHE, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EPHE4025.
Повний текст джерелаOn the Origin of Species by means of natural selection (1859) by Charles Darwin (1809-1882), introduced evolution, endless time and history in species destiny, seaked wonder in reality, and first inspired realistic, then prehistoric, adventure and finally science-fiction novel. Evolution was scientifically illustrated by Haeckel, Kupka, Brehm and Gosse. It boosted in France prehistoric anthropology ; ancestors and missing links were accurately represented among archaeological findings. It enabled Degas and Cormon to deal with body fluidity, and Duranty identified it in human artefacts since the most ancient antiquity. Odilon Redon, followed by Jean Carriès, shifted, with false ingenuity, the animalia observed by Darwin into an imaginary bestiary. Germany assimilated darwinism with Goethe and romanticism, and focused on myths anthropology ; Klinger illustrated human and animal struggle for life. Soon, the realistic vein in paintings and sculpture vanished; disenchantment settled in Europe, expressed by symbolism in painting and in Art Nouveau. Evolution (which does not necessarily lead to progress and certainly never to perfection) merges into then. In evolution, Böcklin, Moreau, as well as Viennese Secession, contemplate kindred beings and non-teleological vital energy. John Ruskin’s taste, ideal of beauty and moral sense, explode in front of evolutionnary « physiological aesthetics » according to Grant Allen. As to the architects, evolution was a pre-requisite, which accompanied functionalism. Debate on evolution as a ‘new cultural fact’ versus ‘a counter-culture’ was present along the whole second half of XIXth century. Science had, since long, accepted it
Auger-Sergent, Anne-Sophie. "Les graffiti marins de Normandie (13e siècle- 19e siècle)." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010544.
Повний текст джерелаNormandy is extremely rich in ship graffiti, but we haven't any regional and synthetical studies about these iconographic sources. The inventory of Normand graffiti allows to have a corpus of some 500 documents dated from 13th to 19th centuries. The documents present essentialy ships, but also elements of ship (anchor, flag, rigging, head) or elements of navigation (sea-mark), animals (fisch, sea-bird), and maritime inscriptions. Their major value ist that graffiti give representations of boats of merchant navy and fisching navy, on which we haven't any iconographic source before the 18th century, and contribute to the repacement of naval iconographic material. The geographic repartition of ship graffiti follows the maritime and fluvial zones. They are omnipresent on the soft calcareous and plaster of the churchs, castles and traditionnal houses. In spite of their value for ship archaeology, graffiti pose a problem and particulary for determination and dating. The use of sails as leading thread allows at the same time a classification of ships graffiti, their typing according iconographic comparaisons, and their datation. Normand graffiti present merchant and coast ships. Barges are rare
Buyssens, Danielle. "La question de l'art à Genève, du cosmopolitisme des Lumières au Romantisme des nationalités." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0064.
Повний текст джерелаFounded in the first decades of the nineteenth century, Genevan history of art traditionally postulates that the exercise and reception of art in Geneva long suffered from Calvinist disgrace, and were condemned to an exile outside a society inimical to good taste and hostile to luxury. The same "myth" equates the overcoming of these prohibitions with the blossoming of a national art excepted to express the quality of the Genevan society of the Restoration period. Based on the critical analysis of documents freshly combined as well as on comparisons with the situation of the arts in France, this study puts into focus a far different reality of practices in the context of European Enlightenment, of its crumbling and the birth of Romantic nationalities. At the same time, it examinates the conditions and motivations of the construction of a historical discourse profoundly marked by the circumstances of its enunciation
Fartas, Nadia. "Modernité et simplicité : l'art de la nuance. Littérature et arts visuels en France dans la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0162.
Повний текст джерелаThe peculiarity of modernity is to integrate criticism in its foundations and to allow questions as well as knowledge development. Therefore, modernity cannot be dissociated from movement and change. Thus, it implies a new kind of social, political and cultural relationship beween the singular and the collective, the particular and the universal, a complexity which XlXth literature managed to testify. However, it is noteworhy that the notion of simplicity is at the centre of the preoccupations of founder authors of artistic and literary modernity. In Flaubert's works dealing with modernity, Baudelaire's written works on arts and in urban views, either literary, pictorial or architectural ones, for instance Monet's series of The Rouen Cathedral, the simplicity forms and meanings which are associated to them make it possible to put the forms of change in a conspicuous position in order to make up an aesthetics of modernity based on shade instead of on binarism or dogmatism. If simplicity refers to what cannot be broken down, the main features of shade are, indeed, grade differences which can hardly be detected. The art of shade which originates in a modern revaluation of simplicity holds together the defence of the beautiful, the singularity of the work of art, the attention to reality, knowledge and new temporalities in order to thwart aesthetization, in other words a conception of the beautiful that covers the features of modernity. Thus, shade shows a new relationship between the visual and the verbal, the text and the image, which brings up to date the knotting between poetics, aesthetics and politics at the heart of modernity
Loustalot, Bernard. "Desgenettes : 1762-1837 : un homme de réseau dans la transformation de l'art de guérir." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0041.
Повний текст джерелаRené Nicolas Dufriche des Genettes, known as Desgenettes, is a doctor who lived between two centuries. He had been through a tumultuous period, both on the political levels and on the military issues. Thus, he had the opportunity to meet several historic characters: Benjamin Franklin, Madam Rolland. . . And above ail Napoléon Bonaparte. Familiar with the salons of the period, he had been a witness of the transformation of the French society more than the political events, and as chief doctor of Bonaparte army's then Napoléon, he followed several campaign of the great gênerai of the time. His career survived to the Empire, tormented by the political vicissitudes. Historical character himself, he first of ail played a rôle in the military medicine in Egypt and in the Great Army after 1807. Two "prowess" are generally at his crédit: his inoculation of the plague, and his opposition to Bonaparte about the poisoning of the sick people of Jaffa. On a routine basis, he had managed health service that had to be adapted on the daily movement and the situation of an army more and more numerous and uncoordinated, often in foreign territories and with frequent and deadly epidemics. Nevertheless, Desgenettes had also had a significant civil activity, first a scientific activity with some publications about the absorbing system (lymphatic), about education (anatomy defence), spreading of knowledge by taking part of the edition of several revues, second, as a Professor of Hygiene at the school subsequently university of medicine of Paris. Besides, it is as mayor of the 10th district of Paris and Professor of Hygiene that he will faced in 1832 the first modern plague epidemic: the cholera-morbus. Born in a family part of the bourgeoisie that pretended to be aristocratic, Desgenettes is a remarkable image of this ambitious people that embraced the Enlightenment ideas (intellectual cosmopolitanism, operative freemasonry), and managed to get through the revolutionary turmoil to compose the Napoleonic meritocracy. Very cultivated but sceptical about religious, medical (friend of Broussais but fighting his doctrines) or politic (loyal but not docile to the Emperor), his strong character and his independent spirit (opposition to Bonaparte and resignation of the Academy of Medicine) ostracised him
Frangne, Pierre-Henry. "Le statut de la négation dans l'art symboliste français : les modèles philosophiques du symbolisme." Lille 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LIL30017.
Повний текст джерелаSchvalberg, Sophie. "Des marbres d'Elgin à la Dame d'Auxerre : le modèle grec en débat dans l'art français au XIXe siècle (1815-1908)." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100185.
Повний текст джерелаThe Greek model in 19th century French Art bears a slow mutation, from the neoclassical doctrine still alive in 1815 at the fall of Napoleon Ist until the new classicism at the turn of the 20th century. In this evolution of artistic standards and education, which painters and sculptors tend to reshape, archaeology takes a central role. With the Elgin affair about the Parthenon marbles, with the debate on classical polychromy, until the integration of archaic and cycladic greek artworks in museums, it is possible to assess the strength and the crisis of the classical idealistic model and the simultaneous rise of an archaic model, both in painting and in sculpture. At the three levels that interfere here (scientific knowledge, artistic creation and art theory), some figures embody various stances of the academic establishment and its reappraisal : Quatremère de Quincy, David d'Angers, Ingres, Hittorff, Papety, Daumier, Beulé, Schliemann, Rodin, Bourdelle
Lecanu, Anne. "L'image du Christ dans la peinture russe au XIXe siècle et dans la première moitié du XXe siècle." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040047.
Повний текст джерелаThe figure of the Christ in the russian painting of the XIXth painting and the first half of the XXth centuries becomes clear in the limits of the historian painting. Besides, iconographic bases ought to be changed into relation with the theoretic and formal changes which appeared during this period. The pictures of the Christ had to embody antagonist ideological stakes, which opposed autocratic power and members of the russian intelligentsia, confering metaphorical nature and divergent interpretations to pictures dedicated to the Christ
Torcinaro, Emanuela. "Le personnage "lecteur" dans le roman et les arts picturaux du XIXè siècle européen." Limoges, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIMO2012.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this research is to show the way how the European nineteenth century novel could be able to represent the social and cultural changes of a time both through its characters and the comparison between the images depicted in the novels and those ones portrayed by the painters. Therefore, the thematic continuity and the mutual influence between the two arts will be demonstrated. This inter artes research is the result of a thematic type study whose constant is the "character as a reader", who makes his appearance in literature when reading becomes relevant as a social practice as well. The interest here is focused on the character who uses to read as a passion, who plunges himself into the text, and completely abandoning himself to it almost to be likely to get lost. The "character as a reader" is there in many literary masterpieces, and only with a careful and accurate study among the classics of Italian, French, Russian and English literature it has been possible to make a selection and have a homogeneous corpus. Even though in the 800s is the usually less considered figure of the woman reader as the love novelette consumer who stands out, and girls are seen having their heads full of silliness by those kind of novels -instead of reading the Bible and the Sacred Texts - it will eventually emerge the real meaning of their readings : not only women read because of their love for culture, but also to learn, to know, in spite of the role the 800s society has relegated them to. It is considerable the predominant presence of women in the act of reading in paintings, as well. All in all, through a continuous comparison between the novel and the pictorial work and a deep socio-historical analysis of the period, the written and painted image of the reader has been demonstrated as prevailing in the European eighteenth century
Moulinat, Francis. "Théophile Gautier, critique d'art, dans les années 1830." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040243.
Повний текст джерелаGautier's art criticism followed the same evolution as his literary thinking. It praised romanticism before standing aloof from it. But, between 1836 and 1838, he transferred to art criticism the priesthood every writer is supposed to fulfill within society. He defended the artist's sovereignty; he introduced romanticism in journalism, and the practiced the criticism of beauties through descriptions: in fact, he had invented the artist criticism. Gautier considered that Paris and Munich were the two studios where the future was taking shape, that is was however in Paris that Ingres, through drawing, and Delacroix, through colors, had reformed painting and trained those who would later make up the synthesis of their art. Gautier also noticed, from 1837 on, the decline of the pictorial romanticism and the growing influence of drawing and style. This binary system was applied in landscape, but not in sculpture which is a principally antique art, meant to show only beauty. In Gautier’s aesthetics, the superior artist would shelter both a microcosm and an ideal, contrary to the naturist who copies nature. His mission was to express his own vision of the beauty, and Gautier widespread this mission to the whole life. By designing objects, the artist would regain his lost priesthood, educate society and lead to a new renaissance. By developing such an utopy, by divinizing art which had become the supreme value and a refuge to forget reality, Gautier expressed an aesthetics which was at the same time romantic, as it awarded a major position to the artist, eclectic, since it accepted color and drawing, and innovative, for it would foreshadow many trends of the second half of the century
Valance, Hélène. "Au filtre de la nuit : le nocturne dans l'art américain, 1890-1917." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070069.
Повний текст джерелаWhile most of the literature about nocturnes has stressed their melancholy qualities, my project is to explain the attraction fin-de-siècle Americans felt for them by looking at their historical context, notably that of the development of electric lighting. Beyond the immediate context of electricity, however, I want to show that night acted as a powerful metaphor in the culture of the time. From the dark continent of imperialism to that of the unconscious, the metaphorical uses of night were pervasive. My dissertation relies on a wide range of examples of nocturne imagery, from popular visual culture to the fine arts, and explores the visual dimension of this metaphor. It examines how night served to address the threatening but also thrilling aspects of the new environment Americans were discovering at the turn of the 20th century
Bellot, Michel. "Esthétique des figures impossibles et ambiguës." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010647.
Повний текст джерелаChristófoglou, Mártha-'Ellī. ""Avant-gardes" et politisation dans l'art néohellénique (1965-1975)." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010508.
Повний текст джерелаEchenique, Catalina Valdés. "Del cruce a la frontera : una historia visual de la Cordillera de los Andes entre Argentina y Chile durante el siglo XIX." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0147.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis focuses on the visual configuration of the Andes in the history of culture and art of Argentina and Chile during the nineteenth century. It proposes a thematic journey of the period from a selection of visual objects and texts produced in both countries at the time when they were defined and established as modern nations. At the beginning of this journey, in the early years of the republican era, the Cordillera is represented and symbolized as the scenario of the main events of the independence revolution, so it becomes a landmark for the construction of a memory and a national identity. The analysis continues with the pictorial presence of the Cordillera, particularly in some works representing this Andes as a place of political stake for these two nations at the middle of the century. With the establishment of the Cordillera as a landscape image, a reflection has been elaborated around the aesthetic status of the sublime and its updates in the Latin American context by considering the installation of the pictorial genre in the Chilean environment. The journey ends with the analysis of the visual construction of the Cordillera as a natural border between the two countries. It is observed how images of various types become argumentative pieces for the geopolitical dispute. The purpose of this work is to verify, through case studies, the diversity of rhetorical functions that assumes the representation of nature in the process of developing a national narrative
Kei, Nikolina-Antonia. "L' esthétique des fleurs : kosmos, poikilia et charis dans la céramique attique du VIe et Ve siècle avant J.C." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0120.
Повний текст джерелаAlthough flowers on attic pottery are mainly ornamental motifs, it would be an error to limit their function to a pure aestheticization of the ceramic surface. They are also figurative agents that support the architecture of the vase and, at the same time, shape the spectator's perception of the narrative scene: floral frames and floral motifs floating inside the scene echo and emphasize the action. Ln other words, they participate to the kosmesis, operation that refers to ornament as well as order and arrangement. Floral ornaments appear on Athenian vases but also on abjects depicted in the scenes on Athenian vases, such as drapery, armour, jewellery, sceptres, mirrors, furniture, architectural elements and vessels. They con vey and visualize the notion of poikilia, of kosmos, and that of charis, three notions which assign to ail these luxurious and prestigious objects, the essence of a daidalon, of an agalma. The role of the floral ornaments is to highlight the presence and therefore the significance of these objects inside the image. Nevertheless, flowers do not qualify only objects but also mortal figures and deities, different kinds of relations between erotic partners, friends, family members, humans and gods, and finally festival activities and celebrations, such as athletic and musical competitions, symposia, dances and weddings. In other words, flowers, vehicles of visual and olfactory sensations, magnify figures and, at the same time, supply the vase scenes with a reservoir of values linked to charis and its declinations personified by the three Charites, Aglaia (physical beauty and youth), Thalia (generosity, favour and gift) and Euphrosyne (jubilation and pleasure of the senses)
Haddad, Michèle. "L'art de Courbet : transgressions/création, sources." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040239.
Повний текст джерелаWhat are the sources and the principal forces of Courbet's art ? Starting from the discovery of an Epinal image whose composition is very close to that of the 'Burial at Ornans',this study examines the elaboration of the painter's works and proposes new hypotheses about this most famous canvases. .
Schaub, Nicolas. "L'Armée d'Afrique et la représentation de l'Algérie sous la Monarchie de juillet." Strasbourg, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010STRA1021.
Повний текст джерелаMany artists followed the Army of Africa after the conquest of Algiers in 1830. What corpus of pictures did these artists constitute and how did they achieve it? How did these pictures get around? To what extent did they play a role in the formation of the European orientalism during the XIXe century? These are the questions we wanted to answer in this thesis. Between 1830 and 1850 the military and political conquest of the Algerian space comes with the diffusion of textual and visual creations (engravings, drawings, paintings, photographs and sculptures) that shaped the algerian territory. In a few decades, a spreading of contradictory and relatively autonomous representations reached the European public. The circulation of these orientalist features took advantage of the expansion of the industrial processes in the domain of image-making. The affects carried by these pictures influenced our gaze durably, and are still active today. Any understanding of the genesis of these pictures implies a review of the complex relationships between image-makers, and military or political authorities that imposed the new colonial setting in Algeria. Most artists to whom one owes the strongest pictures of the XIXe century visual culture were themselves enlisted among the soldiers. This work argues that it has become a necessity to trace back the path of these artists and image-makers that returned from Algeria with their experiences of the land, elaborating representations that belong without any doubt to the ‘orientalists’ fantasies, but also rest upon a particular perception of reality
Inaga, Shigemi. "Theodore duret (1838-1927) du journaliste politique a l'historien d'art japonisant. Contribution a l'etude de critique artistique dans la deuxieme moitie du xixe et au debut du xxe siecles." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA070114.
Повний текст джерелаIzbicki, Jean-Louis. "Représentation de la lumière électrique dans les peintures de la fin du XIXe siècle à 1937." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30002.
Повний текст джерелаTo justify his point of view in a scientific controversy, Volta made a device, later called "Volta pile" or "Volta battery", which was the first generator that made it possible to obtain a permanent current. After his travels in Europe to show his discovery, along with its publication in a scientific journal, the first applications followed immediately, thanks in particular to Davy. The "electric light" appeared and its development has continued ever since. The electric arc, the Jablochkoff candle, light bulbs, neon tubes. - these are the various technologies implemented in the 1840s - 1910. The most surprising, no doubt, is the fact that during all those years it was not possible to specify exactly what the notion of current covered. In what way can the knowledge of electricity, and therefore of electric light, be relevant and enriching for the eye, the pleasure, and the analysis of paintings related to the new artificial light that appeared at the very beginning of the 19th century? This work is based on the following assumption: a scientist's perspective can contribute to the understanding of a painting. The knowledge of the scientific facts, their observations or their conceptualizations, their hesitations, their inaccuracies accompanying the birth and the development of the electric light seem necessary to help establish a complete analysis of the works. In what places and at what times did this new light manifest itself? How was it received in the intellectual sphere or in the press? What evolutions did the electric light cause and how were they represented? From the mid- to late nineteenth century, what evolution in electric light technologies occurred? What, then, were the new subjects dealt with by painters? The analysis, under electric light, of one part of the history of art has revealed : frontal views of electric lights in paintings by Sonia Terk Delaunay, Goncharova and Balla; saturated illuminations in the works of Sluijters and Rockwell ; beams structuring the night space, from Nevinson to Vallotton; political action under Devambez's electric light in Deïneka and Steinlen's work; night landscapes of cities from Hassam to Ury; expressive approaches of the city from Kirchner to Masereel; interiors under electric lighting by Vuillard and Hopper. Even painters that we do not spontaneously associate with electricity and electric light such as Gérôme, Monet, Manet, and Picasso have also made a contribution to the artistic representations of electric light. This highly disparate collection of painters of all nationalities reflects the varied appropriations of the appearance, presence and development of electric light in society
Scaccianoce, Luc. "Essai sur les thèmes iconographiques au XIXe siècle et leur évolution." Paris 8, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA080724.
Повний текст джерелаPainting in the 19th century can't be limited to a period. Although every styles have been used, history and genre painting were more prestigious than the other kind. The form is more important than the substance and painting is functionalist. Its function which is to illustrate becomes vile. In france, the necessary representation of the authority has imposed a new iconographic era in the symbolic field. From now on, all that eyes can see or read is considered as the truth and the absolute reference to reality. Being as speech again, picture seems to have put an end to the previous centuries, which had tried to release the picture from the sacred word. This social persistence that wants to catch human reality has a peculiar goal which is to catch its own image. It has unavoidably come to a deadlock. Indeed, deprived of a fundamental spirit the profane painting has to find its function. These both factors, which are the secularization of the painting and its appropriation by the masters are the essence of the 19th painting. The appeal to the norm avoids the fear caused by the incertitude of the proof against reality
Levaillant, Françoise. "L'oeuvre d'André Masson : essais sur l'art et les savoirs dans la première moitié du XXe siècle." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010565.
Повний текст джерелаOur publications and unpublished essays on the life and work of the painter andre masson (born balagny, oise, 1896) gathered up to 1986 represent the essential of our researches and interpretations from 1972 on. The corpus published, with critical notes and historical presentation, are 1 the anthology of the painter's writings and the almost complete catalogue of his illustrated books. His correspondence is to be published too. The catalogue raisonne of the paintings and drawings is still in preparation, being computerized. The interpretation and change of appreciation which we suggest deal with 1 the biographical data 2 the notion of "automatism" 3 the idea of "myth" 4 the links with surrealism and more generally with writers and literature. Our sources are mostly new and unpublished. 1 studying the origins of masson's family and his formative years, we try to figure the cultural trends and essential "breaks" which appear to have determined, before the first world war, his new choices in his artistic and social activities. 2 studying "automatism", we replace the term in his historical context, mainly psychopathology and spiritism vs psychoanalysis ; his use by the surrealists reveals a very ambiguous attitude toward the unconscious. In the case of masson's "automatic drawings", we recognize the paradoxal presence of construction and stylistic series. Different kinds of knowledge are linked without any frontier between the various patterns of references. 3 myth
Bazile, Sandrine. "Le saltimbanque dans l'art et la littérature de 1850 à nos jours." Bordeaux 3, 2000. https://extranet.u-bordeaux-montaigne.fr/memoires/diffusion.php?nnt=2000BOR30025.
Повний текст джерелаGongalves, Flavio. "Où se trouve le dessin? : une idée de dessin dans l'art contemporain." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010582.
Повний текст джерелаChabrol, Nicolas. "Répertoire des peintres de l'Auvergne et artistes auvergnats du dix-neuvième siècle." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040310.
Повний текст джерелаThis repertory presents the biography of the painters, sketchers, sculptors and engravers from the Auvergne (i. E. The "departements" of Puy-de-Dôme, Cantal, Haute-Loire), whose works span the nineteenth century. Included in same period are painters from outside the Auvergne whose works, inspired by places and people in the Auvergne, were exhibited at the salon. This repertory is preceded by chronological study in which, after an inventory of sources of information, there is an analysis of the variations of the number of artists, the evolution in the choice and the treatment of auvergnat themes, and the impact of these works on the public. The main events, such as the opening of museums and art-schools, and the setting up of local works, have also been considered. Thus this thesis helps place the Auvergne in the cultural and artistic life of nineteenth-century
Florea, Vladimir. "L'art littéraire de Guy de Maupassant dans ses Contes, ou la mimesis et sa. . . TVA." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040103.
Повний текст джерелаThe first part of the thesis draws some main outlines of Maupassant’s theoretical thought as a writer: we know that it is the incoming of a literary inheritage (from Flaubert and Tourgueniev); his thought attaches a great importance to the replication of the real-life situation of speaking. Maupassant throws out the term of realistic, he prefers being called illusionist. The second part lists some means of making illusion: the shifters, the self-effacement of the narrator beyond the dramatis personnae who are promoted to talk (direct speeches, discours indirect libre, and a few reported speeches); by using some forms of repetition (phonetical, metrical or lexical), he obtains a seductive effect in the reader. The third part studies how questions work - the characters feel alone and distraught and the narrator shares their distress and ignorance. The thesis lastly shows that in addition to the use of "normal" proper names, there are much distortion that allows other mays of meaning Maupassant’s short stories
Besson, Françoise. "Le paysage pyreneen dans les oeuvres d'ecrivains et d'artistes britanniques du dix-neuvieme siecle." Toulouse 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU20012.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this thesis is the study of the pyrenean landscape as seen by british artists pyrenean landscape are analysed in travel books, novels, short stories, poems as well as paintings and engravings. The first part deals with the influence of cultural references on the travellers' perception of the pyrenean landscape. In the second part, the role of the gradual identification of the vegetable and animal worlds and their function in the aesthetic representation of the pyrenees are exposed. The third part is devoted to the discovery of the pyrenean landscape through the observation of the human world. From the aesthetic and historical observation of architecture to the ethnological perception of pyrenean life, those chapters illustrate the role of the human world in the perception of the landscape. And the link between the landscape and language is analysed at the end of this part. In the fourth part of this thesis, the role of the landscape in poetry and fiction, particularly in gothic novels, is analysed. One chapter explains how some of these writers have used the pyrenean landscape in the structure of their works. Finally the last part deals with the spiritual revelation of the pyrenean landscape for those travellers. The traveller's attitude in front of the mountain, the religious perception of the landscape as well as the mountain-climber's quest are analysed in that part
Le, Penven Françoise. "Les notes de Marcel Duchamp ou l'art d'écrire." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010657.
Повний текст джерелаDecléty, Lorraine. "L'Alhambra : le rêve de l'Europe : étude comparée de l'orientalisme en France et en Allemagne au XIXe siècle." Technische Universität (Dresde, Allemagne). Philosophische Fakultät, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EPHE4016.
Повний текст джерелаThis research aims to examine the orientalist architecture as a european architectural style, which style is rooted in the exotism of the 18th century and has flourished in the 19th century. The comparison of its architectural outputs in France and Germany - countries with very different political, economic, social and colonial histories - allows to capture the polysemic semantics of this style. This thesis endeavours to relate, in a chronological manner, the conditions of development and blooming of this style, as well as the range of its social and symbolic functions that contemporaries have attributed. The starting point of the research looks at the study of discursive and visual discussions about islamic architecture - the foreign architectures, slowly unveiled to the public, which strongly influences and inspires the definition of Orientalism. Therefore, orientalism represents the connection of two conceptions of Orient: a dream orient, fantasmagoric, identical in both countries and shaped by the features of the Alhambra; and a real orient, known and desired, linked to the european imperialism and displaying different characteristics in France and Germany. Finally, this style is a cultural means, elaborated by different social groups first aristocracy, then bourgeoisie in both countries) in response to the century's changes and mutations
Ntsame, Mve Carole. "L'art du feuilleton dans les Habits Noirs de Paul Féval." Thesis, Lille 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL30057/document.
Повний текст джерелаOur Thesis is based on the eight novels from the Paul Féval’s cycle Les habits noirs (The black clothes): Les habits noirs, Cœur d’acier, La rue de Jérusalem, L’arme invisible, Maman Léo, L’avaleur de sabre, Les compagnons du trésor, La bande cadet. We decided to study the series Les habits noirs of Paul Féval because we are convinced that this cycle of novels requests the collaboration of the reader. We do not claim to exhaust all the interpretative potential which these novels conceal, but we think in contrast that many things remain to be said. The studies undertaken in our work are only one contribution in the field of literature, and more precisely in literary criticism. The 19th Century in France is obviously the era of the rise of many innovations. All the fields of technological and intellectual activity will know important changes. Technological and scientific fields, as well as Humanities, have known changes that deeply modified them. Paul Féval is often considered as one of the most popular novelists of the 19th Century: he wrote tales, short stories, books of history, autobiographical, fantastic, historical, social, epistolary, crime novels, plays; he was also journalist and lecturer. Our work is devoted to all that refers to the human and intellectual formation in Paul Féval’s Les habits noirs. Our issue is to know if Les habits noirs contains the main characteristics of the 19th Century serial novels
Chassagnol, Anne. "La renaissance féerique dans les contes et les tableaux de fées en Grande-Bretagne de 1840 à 1870." Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100064.
Повний текст джерелаBetween 1840 and 1870, the fairy, long banished from Britain, exerted itself in a number of fields, notably in tales and in paintings. The majority of the great Victorian novelists, such as Charles Dickens, William. M. Thackeray and John Ruskin published fairytales. The motif of the renaissance, that of revival or even birth, appears in numerous works featuring fairy themes. This comparative study aims to explain the modalities of the return of the fairy, which occurred much later than in other countries, but is nonetheless characteristic of British culture. This thesis seeks to bring to light the originality of a renaissance that seems paradoxical. On the one hand, the Victorian fairy nostalgically evoked a lost golden age, both rural and pre-industrial; on the other hand, it was nourished by numerous scientific discoveries of the period, such as in biology, geology, medicine, botany and entomology. Far from being cut-off from the world in which it emerged, the fairy is inspired and has never been closer to it, now providing a final bastion that refuses to yield to the power of scientific equations. Text and image are intimately linked in this field. Numerous artists were inspired by the work of Shakespeare and, similarly, fairy tales exhibit a pictorial dimension. The representation of the fairy oscillates between visibility and invisibility, the legibility and illegibility, enabling it to address several types of readers or viewers, often at the frontier of eroticism
Deschênes, Émilie. "L'EMPLOI DE L'ORDRE IONIQUE DANS L'ARCHITECTURE RELIGIEUSE QUÉBÉCOISE AU XIXe SIÈCLE." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27931/27931.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаLin, Chi-Ming. "Description et jugement dans le discours de la critique d'art : de Diderot à Baudelaire." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0050.
Повний текст джерелаSofio, Séverine. ""L'art ne s'apprend pas aux dépens des moeurs!" Construction du champ de l'art, genre et professionnalisation des artistes (1789-1848)." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00924488.
Повний текст джерелаHerrmann, Simone. "Harry comte de Kessler (1868-1937) et la France : études sur la réception de l'art français dans l'Allemagne de Guillaume II." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010552.
Повний текст джерелаPaschou, Io. "Vers une archéologie des images : la représentation de l'homme dans la photographie en Grèce du XIXème au XXème siècle." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010639.
Повний текст джерелаShirota, Sère Yoshino. "Royal Academy of Arts de Londres, sa position, son rôle dans l'histoire de l'art, depuis sa création jusqu'à nos jours." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040263.
Повний текст джерелаThe work describes the royal Academy of Arts , its origin, its various homes, the school it founded in 1768, the Annual Exhibitions, its problems and achievements. Founded in 1768, the Royal Academy of Arts in London was created by some artists, determined and conscious of patronage and of the training place within the country. The king George III was patron and protector, though not proprietor, and Sir Joshua Reynolds was the first president. It has been located in Burlington House since 1868. The Annual Exhibition by works of living artists, the equivalent of Paris Salon was an important event for the artistic world of the nation. It meant, for many artists, the hope for the fame. The schools of the Academy trained many leading artists such as Turner, Lawrence, Constable and Wilkie. Today, the Royal Academy remains independent, prestigious, and a popular venue for prominent exhibitions
Lerichomme, Lise. "Intérieur domestique et mise en scène : la réappropriation du XIXe siècle par la création contemporaine." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN20054/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis dissertation intends to unveil the mecanisms of representation and influence on the domestic interior in installations from the 1950s onwards.It is about questioning reasons and meanings of the presence of 19th century patterns ( social levelling, distinction between domestic and public space, hoarding, promotion of the ornementation...) in contemporary practices. Furtheron, the dissertation tries to establish a typology of archetypal personae in contemporary works.19th century is not only the testimony of the rise of the interior and the standardization of social conventions but also aspring of artistic avant-gardes as well as political, industrial and social revolutions. However, when artists deal withdomestic interior they would rather refer to the conservative figure of the bourgeois and a regulated space. Consequently,has there been structural changes or modulations in the representation of interiors since the 19th century ? If so, do the forms used by these works have the same foundation as when the genre was created ?Through examples drawn from contemporary creation but also from curatorial and museographic practices, sociology, litterature or microhistory, we intend to find approaches in link with the issues raised by these works in order to present their variations and what they imply. A complete report is not intended in this dissertation.The visual art practice is directly related to the research topic. Anecdote is used as a lead because it offers an unprecedented access to historical facts, social changes, mechanisms of domination or cultural productions. It is thanks to its appearence in the interior through the decorative that this object is linked to the research topic
Dupas, Pierrard Solenn. "L'art du déconcertement dans l’œuvre poétique du second Verlaine (1880-1896)." Rennes 2, 2009. http://ezproxy.normandie-univ.fr/login?url=http://www.classiques-garnier.com/numerique-bases/garnier?filename=sdsMS01.
Повний текст джерелаGenerally considered to be the result of poetic decline, or even creative renunciation, the later poetry of Verlaine tends to be forgotten by publishers and critics. This corpus, albeit heterogeneous, offers a constant reflection on literary expression and reception. From the publication of Sagesse in 1880, the poet emphasizes the art of disconcerting the reader created in his earlier poems. He writes outside of his time, against the standards and conventions of public opinion, but also uses explicit and implicit self-contradictions. This thesis proposes to show how Verlaine elaborated unstable, contradictory and polyphonic poetry, to surprise readers and confront them with their freedom and their responsibility with regard to the interpretation of texts
Le, Men Ségolène. "L'Illustration en France au dix-neuvième siècle : la cathédrale illustrée." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070158.
Повний текст джерелаThis research about nineteenth century French illustration (2 books and 65 articles or catalogues) deals mainly with the synchronical system of French romantic illustration and with the diachronical genre of children's book illustration : the case-studies consider abcs, caricature, romantic books and sets of prints, children's picture books, posters and art criticism about prints. . . The art of illustration is presented as a new visual language, based upon the circulation of vignettes and upon conventional categories of images : types, sites and scenes. This romantic visual imagery, which appeared in book illustrations and journal caricatures or cartoons, survived at the end of the century within the art of the poster and other massmedia pictures, packaged in standardized visual formulas. However this turn of the century evolution of commercial imagery appears similarly within high art and thus is linked to the advent of modern art. At the time when romantic illustrated books started to become a market collected by connoisseurs, Manet and Seurat painted social types, sketched as they had appeared in les français peints par eux-mêmes. Thus romantic illustration played the role of an experimental language for nineteenth century artists. This thesis leads us to reconsider the distinction between high and low art in the advent of modernism : the unpublished essay, la cathedrale illustree, addresses the link between abstraction and picturesque romanticism and studies the symbolic site of the cathedral, from Hugo's Notre-Dame de Paris to Monet's series of Rouen cathedrals. My art historical research runs between the history of art and literature and the history of the book, and thus belongs to cultural studies : focusing over the circulation and transmission of images, it covers also the sociology of artistic professions, and the new business of illustrations and posters
Deshayes, Olivier. "Destins et dramaturgies du corps déchu dans la peinture au XIXe siècle." Paris 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030147.
Повний текст джерелаIt not only explored the fallen body through various dramatic arts but the tragical experience also expressed itself in the works of artists like Géricault with the systematic splitting up - of shapes and figures. Such a problematic rises the problem of the fragment in the general organization of a remarkable subversion. The fragment is the expression of a corrupted order as well as the feature of a distortion in the dialectics of the whole and the bits and pieces. The fragments and the tetes de supplicies claim the disorder of the body image, a dismemberment with its own value. Having fragments being a part of the coherence of an imaginary world according to an order defying the one of life itself reveals an innovative aesthetic. Before analyzing the Radeau de la Méduse, I set a parallel between Géricault's chiaroscuro technique and the one used by some of his contemporaries like Prud'hon, Girodet and Guérin. The experience gave artists the opportunity to create master works but it was always dealt with through the distorting mirror of an ideal body which renders a somewhat dull portrait of the dramatic status of the subject. The vision is like lined up with a veil that hides all its depth and its extent. It's not enough to present characters whose fate is sealed to see the tragic consequences of the human appear. Le Radeau de la Méduse belongs to the aesthetic of the fragment whose amazing modernity i already tried to highlight. It became apparent that there are forces at work tending toward a feeling of failure. The parcelling Géricault uses sems to have been the solution to that problem. Delacroix and Ingres's fragmentation the body and iconic space seem to be related like Géricault's and appears to come across the same difficulties. This leads us now to show that we do not deal with fates but with real dramatic arts of degeneration. The end of the century overshadowed violence with similar destructive forces but acknowledge through theatre - melodrama