Дисертації з теми "Fire prevention Remote sensing"
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Wang, Zhen. "Modeling wildland fire radiance in synthetic remote sensing scenes /." Online version of thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/5787.
Повний текст джерелаContezac, Jonathan M. "Micrometeorological Observations of Fire-Atmosphere Interactions and Fire Behavior on a Simple Slope." Thesis, San Jose State University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10937563.
Повний текст джерелаAn experiment was designed to capture micrometeorological observations during a fire spread on a simple slope. Three towers equipped with a variety of instrumentation, an array of fire-sensing packages, and a Doppler lidar was deployed to measure various aspects of the fire. Pressure and temperature perturbations were analyzed for each of the grid packages to determine if the fire intensity could be observed in the covariance of the two variables. While two of the packages measured a covariance less than –15 °C hPa, there was no clear trend across the grid. The fire front passage at each of the three towers on the slope yielded extreme swings in observed turbulent kinetic energy and sensible heat flux. Vertical velocity turbulence spectra showed that the high-intensity fire front passage at the bottom tower was 2 to 3 orders of magnitude larger than the low-intensity fire front passages at the top two towers. Opposing wind regimes on the slope caused a unique L-shaped pattern to form in the fire front. A vorticity estimation from the sonic anemometers showed that vorticity reached a maximum just as a fire whirl formed in the bend of the L-shaped fire front, leading to a rapid increase in fire spread.
Medler, Michael Johns 1962. "Integrating remote sensing and terrain data in forest fire modeling." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282480.
Повний текст джерелаHenry, Mary Catherine. "Characterizing fire-related spatial patterns in fire-prone ecosystems using optical and microwave remote sensing." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280006.
Повний текст джерелаOliveira, Sofia Luísa de Jesus. "Frequency, patchiness and intensity of tropical savanna fires: analysis using field data and remote sensing." Doctoral thesis, ISA/UL, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7322.
Повний текст джерелаIn tropical savannas, one of the most fire-prone biomes on Earth, fire management is a continuous and iterative process that can only be effectively achieved with thorough consideration of fire regimes. Based on remotely sensed imagery and in-situ field data, key fire regime components were assessed for tropical savannas of northern Australia (frequency, patchiness, intensity, and severity) and Brazil (frequency). The discrete lognormal model was found to be the best method for modelling fire frequency in tropical savannas, and demonstrated that fire frequency is very high in both countries. In northern Australia, fire patchiness was lower in the late dry season, characterized by shorter and fewer unburned patches, than in the early dry season. Fire intensity and severity were highest in the late dry season. The observed temporal differences are consistent with the hypothesis that climate is the main driver of fire regime seasonality. Fuel load and fuel continuity explained fire regime differences between vegetation types. Fire season was bimodal, with peaks in May and October, related to periods of anthropogenic fire and optimal fire weather conditions. Prescribed burning in the early dry season can increase the patchiness and reduce the intensity of late dry season fires, with substantial benefits for biodiversity and a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions
Hadlow, Ann Marie. "Changes in fire season precipitation in Idaho and Montana from 1982-2006." Diss., [Missoula, Mont.] : The University of Montana, 2009. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-05292009-105116/.
Повний текст джерелаTitle from author supplied metadata. Description based on contents viewed on October 14, 2009. Author supplied keywords: Fire, precipitation, season ending event, Remote Automated Weather Stations, North American Regional Reanalysis, Northern Rockies, climate change. Includes bibliographical references.
Duncan, Brean. "NATIVE FIRE REGIME AS A REFERENCE FOR ESTABLISHING MANAGEMENT PRACTICES." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4058.
Повний текст джерелаPh.D.
Department of Biology
Sciences
Conservation Biology PhD
Sparks, Aaron, Crystal Kolden, Alan Talhelm, Alistair Smith, Kent Apostol, Daniel Johnson, and Luigi Boschetti. "Spectral Indices Accurately Quantify Changes in Seedling Physiology Following Fire: Towards Mechanistic Assessments of Post-Fire Carbon Cycling." MDPI AG, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621493.
Повний текст джерелаMexicano, Vargas Maria de Lourdes. "Remote Sensing Methods To Classify a Desert Wetland." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/232457.
Повний текст джерелаGitas, Ioannis. "Geographical information systems and remote sensing in mapping and monitoring fire-altered forest landscapes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621715.
Повний текст джерелаVafeidis, Anthanasios. "Regional estimation of post-fire erosion using remote sensing and GIS : an example from Greece." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248186.
Повний текст джерелаSmit, Walter J. (Walter Johan). "A comparison of selected satellite remote sensing techniques for mapping fire scars in limestone fynbos." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52064.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: There are many reasons to conserve fynbos. Not only does fynbos form part of the Cape floral kingdom, one of the richest floral kingdoms in the world, but the contribution that it makes to the regional economy through utilisation, education, recreation and tourist opportunities is immeasurable. Fire plays an integral role in fynbos ecosystems. According to Van Wilgen, Richardson & Seydack (1994: 322) " ... managing fynbos equates to managing fire". Therefore managers need accurate fire information about a fynbos area to manage it properly. This is where satellite remote sensing can provide the manager with useful information about the fire regime. In other words, satellite remote sensing can help a manager establish where and when an area has burnt. Using readily available satellite data, this study attempts to establish (through comparison) what techniques would be most suitable and affordable to compile a fire information database. Landsat Thematic Mapper data from 1990 - 1996 of the southwestern Cape was used and compared with existing fire records of the area. The results show that techniques such as supervised and unsupervised classification are reliable in identifying burnt areas, but a major drawback of these techniques is that they require a large amount of user input and knowledge. They are thus not regarded as simple or easily repeatable. - The' more simple techniques like image differencing and image ratioing were also found to be reliable in identifying burnt areas. These techniques require less user input and in some instances less data (image bands) to produce similar (or better) results than supervised and unsupervised classification techniques. The results show that differencing temporally different Images, obtained from applying principle components analysis, produces reliable results with very little confusion and little user input. Using such a technique could enable users to procure only two bands of Landsat data and still produce reliable fire information for managing a fynbos ecosystem.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Daar is verskeie redes waarom fynbos bewaar moet word. Nie net vorm dit deel van een van die rykste blommeryke in die wereld nie, maar die bydrae wat dit tot die streeksekonomie maak, deur die benutting van veldblomme en die geleenthede wat dit bied vir toerisme en ontspanning, is enorm. Vuur speel 'n belangrike rol in die bestuur van fynbos ekosisteme. Soos beklemtoon deur Van Wilgen, Richardson & Seydack (1994: 322) se stelling: " ... managing fynbos equates to managing fire". Om hierdie rede is dit belangrik dat 'n bestuurder akkurate inligting oor die verspreiding van veldbrande moet he. Satellietafstandwaarneming kan hier 'n belangrike rol speel deur sulke inligting te verskaf Deur gebruik te maak van maklik bekombare satellietdata, poog hierdie studie om te bepaal (d.m.v. vergelyking) watter tegnieke die mees geskikte is in terme van bekostigbaarheid en gebruikersvriendelikheid. Landsat Thematic Mapper data van 1990 tot 1996 van die suidwes-Kaap is gebruik en vergelyk met bestaande branddata van die studiegebied. Daar is gevind dat tegnieke soos gerigte en nie-gerigte klassifikasie in staat is om gebrande dele betroubaar uit te ken. Hierdie tegnieke verg egter baie insette en kennis van die gebruiker en is ook nie maklik om jaar na jaar te herhaal nie. Daarom word hierdie tegnieke nie aanbeveel nie. Daar is gevind dat die eenvoudiger tegnieke soos veranderingsanalise ook gebrande dele betroubaar kon uitken. Hierdie tegnieke het die voordeel dat die gebruiker nie baie' kennis van die gebied hoef te he nie en ook nie so baie insette hoef te lewer nie. Hierdie tegnieke word bo gerigte en nie-gerigte klassifikasie aanbeveel. - Die resultate dui daarop dat betroubare resultate verkry kan word deur tempo reel verskillende beeIde, verkry deur hoofkomponentanalise, van mekaar af te trek. Hierdie tegniek vereis relatief min gebruikersinsette en daar kan selfs met slegs twee Landsat bande gewerk word. So 'n tegniek kan beslis 'n bekostigbare en effektiewe manier wees om nodige inligting vir die bestuur van 'n fynbos ekosisteem te bekom.
McGinley, Susan. "A Fire Risk Assessment Tool for Ft. Huachuca: Using Remote Sensing to Monitor the Environment." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622266.
Повний текст джерелаHardison, Tanya. "Applications of Remote Sensing and GIS to Modeling Fire for Vegetative Restoration in Northern Arizona." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4323/.
Повний текст джерелаBayer, Andreas Paul Adolf. "Biomass forest modelling using UAV LiDAR data under fire effect." Master's thesis, ISA, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21269.
Повний текст джерелаThe main goal of the study is to analyse the possibility of quantifying the loss of biomass in burned forest stands using Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data. Since wildfires are not uncommon in Mediterranean areas, it is useful to quantify the magnitude of fire damage in forests. With the use of remote sensing, it is possible to plan post-fire recovery management and to quantify the losses of biomass and carbon stock. Mata Nacional de Leiria (MNL) was chosen, because, after the fire in October 2017, it showed areas with low and medium-high fire severity. MNL is divided in several rectangular management units (MU). To achieve our objective, it was necessary to find a MU with burned and unburned areas. In this selection process, we used Sentinel-2 images. The fire severity was estimated by deriving a spectral index related with the effects of fire and to compute the temporal difference (pre- minus post-fire) of this index, the delta normalized burn ratio (DNBR). Forest inventory was carried out in four plots installed in the selected MU. Allometric equations were used to estimate values of stand aboveground biomass. These values were used to fit a relationship with data extracted from LiDAR cloud metrics. The LiDAR data were acquired with a VLP-16 Velodyne LiDAR PUCK™ mounted on an Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) at an altitude of 60 m above the ground. The point clouds were then processed with the FUSION software until a cloud metrics was generated and then regression models were used to fit equations related to LiDAR-derived parameters. Two biomass equations were fit, one with the whole tree metrics having a R² = 0,95 and a second one only considering the tree crown metrics presenting a R² = 0,93. The state of the forest (unburned/burned) was significant on the final equation
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Rowell, Eric Martin. "Virtualization of Fuelbeds| Building the Next Generation of Fuels Data for Multiple-Scale Fire Modeling and Ecological Analysis." Thesis, University of Montana, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10744641.
Повний текст джерелаThe primary goal of this research is to advance methods for deriving fine-grained, scalable, wildland fuels attributes in 3-dimensions using terrestrial and airborne laser scanning technology. It is fundamentally a remote sensing research endeavor applied to the problem of fuels characterization. Advancements in laser scanning are beginning to have significant impacts on a range of modeling frameworks in fire research, especially those utilizing 3-dimensional data and benefiting from efficient data scaling. The pairing of laser scanning and fire modeling is enabling advances in understanding how fuels variability modulates fire behavior and effects.
This dissertation details the development of methods and techniques to characterize and quantify surface fuelbeds using both terrestrial and airborne laser scanning. The primary study site is Eglin Airforce Base, Florida, USA, which provides a range of fuel types and conditions in a fire-adapted landscape along with the multi-disciplinary expertise, logistical support, and prescribed fire necessary for detailed characterization of fire as a physical process. Chapter 1 provides a research overview and discusses the state of fuels science and the related needs for highly resolved fuels data in the southeastern United States. Chapter 2, describes the use of terrestrial laser scanning for sampling fuels at multiple scales and provides analysis of the spatial accuracy of fuelbed models in 3-D. Chapter 3 describes the development of a voxel-based occupied volume method for predicting fuel mass. Results are used to inform prediction of landscape-scale fuel load using airborne laser scanning metrics as well as to predict post-fire fuel consumption. Chapter 4 introduces a novel fuel simulation approach which produces spatially explicit, statistically-defensible estimates of fuel properties and demonstrates a pathway for resampling observed data. This method also can be directly compared to terrestrial laser scanning data to assess how energy interception of the laser pulse affects characterization of the fuelbed. Chapter 5 discusses the contribution of this work to fire science and describes ongoing and future research derived from this work. Chapters 2 and 4 have been published in International Journal of Wildland Fire and Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, respectively, and Chapter 3 is in preparation for publication.
Solans, Vila José Pablo. "Monitoring post-fire vegetation cover regeneration in the European Mediterranean Basin by means of remote sensing." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2007. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/3526.
Повний текст джерелаZoumas, Athanassios. "Remote sensing and GIS based assessment of El-Niño-related fire activity on Borneo, 1982-1998." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.412024.
Повний текст джерелаBuckler, Daniel C. "Post-Fire Forest Recovery on Sofa Mountain in Waterton Lakes National Park, Alberta, Canada." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1338325100.
Повний текст джерелаRomán, Cuesta Rosa María. "Human and environmental factors influencing fire trends in different forest ecosystems." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/3646.
Повний текст джерелаThe great majority of the forests of the world, excepting perhaps, the wettest belt of the tropics, have been burned over, at more or less frequent intervals, for many thousands of years. In the last century however, a combination of human and environmental factors have altered the frequency and distribution of fire, almost everywhere. This maldistribution of fire has resulted in an accumulation of this element in ecosystems not adapted to high frequencies of fire (i.e. tropical and sub-tropical areas), while other ecosystems have suffered the effects of fire suppression policies (i.e. north American temperate forests). Among the consequences of these alterations, some of them refer to variations in fire regimes, with implications in terms of forest conservation, ecological, economic and social impact. The present thesis analyses the influence of environmental and socio-economic factors for certain elements of the fire regime in tropical and Mediterranean ecosystems. In tropical areas, the study case relates to the tropical Mexican State of Chiapas, and the objectives are basically two: 1) to characterize the fire regime in the State, in terms of frequency of fires, fire distribution, areas and ecosystems affected, type of fires, causality, and their interaction with some factors like the phenomenon of El Niño, the land distribution, or the variation of rainfall values. 2) To analyse the relative influence of environmental factors versus socio-economic factors, in years of normal climatic conditions and years of El Niño. The final objective is to detect variations in the affectation of the major ecosystems and to list the most important factors to consider for forest fire management. For the Mediterranean ecosystems, the fire of Solsonés 1998 was selected as case study. Main objectives are: 3) To select the most efficient methodology for post-fire classification among several techniques: image classification and field survey. 4) To determine the influence of diverse environmental factors in the formation of vegetation islands inside a large forest fire, using "slope", as the spatial unit. 5) To verify the importance of forest structure and fuel continuity in the final heterogeneity of fire severities in a large fire. In relation to these objectives, the main contributions of this study are, with respect to tropical ecosystems: The characterization of fires in Chiapas, as in other tropical areas, mainly as superficial fires, frequently affecting non-arboreal layers. Major problems focus on large forest fires, which are responsible for the major burned areas. Fires are mainly human related and display certain propensity to affect protected zones. The key contribution nevertheless, refers to the major importance of El Niño in the affectation of humid tropical ecosystems. This is specially enhanced by the presence of cattle pasture surrounding the fragmented forests. The shift on the importance of environmental factors in years of no-ENSO versus the greater importance of socio-economic factors in years of ENSO, is also a major achievement. Moreover, shifts in ecosystem affectation have also been observed depending on the climatic conditions: pine-oak in no-ENSO years versus humid tropical forests in ENSO years. Regarding the Mediterranean forests, the simplest techniques of teledetection were the best performing ones for island identification. The formation of these islands is conditioned by the size and aspect of the slopes, as well as by the amount and maturity of the affected patches. Most extensive slopes, north-western orientations, more abrupt, larger forest extensions per slope, and more mature forests (in terms of greater sizes), are the most suitable combination of factors to form islands. This formation of islands does not have, therefore, a random distribution. Besides, the structural characteristics of the forest patches was confirmed to be of great importance to predict the forest survival in areas were fire burned under moderate climatic conditions. Larger patches and larger trees are the ones that will survive fire the best.
Link, Adam John. "Identifying Potential Patterns of Wildfires in California in Relation to Soil Moisture using Remote Sensing." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu158646328387007.
Повний текст джерелаHu, Xikun. "Multispectral Remote Sensing and Deep Learning for Wildfire Detection." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Geoinformatik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-295655.
Повний текст джерелаFjärranalysdata har stor potential för upptäckt och övervakning av skogsbränder med förbättrad rumslig upplösning och tidsmässig täckning. Jordobservationssatelliter har använts för att systematiskt övervaka brandaktivitet över stora regioner på två sätt: (i) för att upptäcka placeringen av aktivt brinnande fläckar (under brandhändelsen) och (ii) för att kartlägga den brända ärrens rumsliga omfattning ( under eller efter evenemanget). Aktiv branddetektering spelar en viktig roll i system för tidig varning för skogsbränder. Den öppna tillgången till Sentinel-2 multispektral data vid 20 m upplösning ger en möjlighet att utvärdera dess kompletterande roll i förhållande till den grova indikationen i hotspots som tillhandahålls av MODIS-liknande polaromloppsbanesystem och GOES-liknande geostationära system. Dessutom krävs en korrekt och snabb kartläggning av brända områden för skadebedömning. Senaste framstegen inom deep learning (DL) ger forskaren automatiska, exakta och förspänningsfria storskaliga kartläggningsalternativ för kartläggning av bränt område med unitemporal multispektral bild. Därför är syftet med denna avhandling att utvärdera multispektral fjärranalysdata (särskilt Sentinel- 2) för att upptäcka skogsbränder, inklusive aktiv branddetektering med hjälp av ett multikriterietillvägagångssätt och detektering av bränt område med DL-modeller. För aktiv branddetektering utvecklas en multikriteriemetod baserad på reflektionen av B4, B11 och B12 i Stentinel-2 MSI data för flera representativa brandbenägna biom för att få fram otvetydiga pixlar för aktiv brand. De adaptiva tröskelvärdena för varje biom bestäms statistiskt från 11 miljoner Sentinel-2 observationsprover som förvärvats under sommaren (juni 2019 till september 2019) i 14 regioner eller länder. Det primära kriteriet härleds från 3-sigma-prediktionsintervallet för OLS-regression av observationsprover för varje biom. Mer specifika kriterier baserade på B11 och B12 införs vidare för att minska utelämningsfel (OE) och kommissionsfel (CE). Det multikriteriella tillvägagångssättet visar sig vara effektivt när det gäller upptäckt av svala pyrande bränder i undersökningsområden med tropiska och subtropiska gräsmarker, savanner och buskmarker med hjälp av det primära kriteriet. Samtidigt kan ytterligare kriterier som tröskelvärden för reflektionen av B11 och B12 effektivt minska det fel som orsakas av extremt ljusa lågor runt de heta kärnorna i testområden med skogar, skogsmarker och buskage i Medelhavsområdet. Det andra kriteriet som bygger på förhållandet mellan B12 och B11:s reflektionsgrad undviker också effekterna av CE som orsakas av heta markpixlar i områden med tropiska och subtropiska fuktiga lövskogar. Sammantaget visar valideringsresultatet för testområden att CE och OE kan hållas på en låg nivå (0,14 och 0,04) som en godtagbar kompromiss. Algoritmen med flera kriterier lämpar sig för snabb aktiv branddetektering baserad på unika tidsmässiga bilder utan krav på tidsmässiga data. Multispektrala data med medelhög upplösning kan användas som ett kompletterande val till bilder med kursupplösning på grund av deras förmåga att upptäcka små brinnande områden och att upptäcka aktiva bränder mer exakt. När det gäller kartläggning av brända områden syftar denna avhandling till att förklara hur djupa DL-modeller kan användas för att automatiskt kartlägga brända områden från multispektrala bilder i ett tidsintervall. Olika algoritmer för upptäckt av brända områden har utvecklats med hjälp av Sentinel-2 och/eller Landsat-data, men de flesta av studierna kräver att man har en förebränning. bild före branden, täta tidsseriedata eller ett empiriskt tröskelvärde. I den här avhandlingen tillämpas flera arkitekturer för semantiska segmenteringsnätverk, dvs. U-Net, HRNet, Fast- SCNN och DeepLabv3+, på Sentinel- 2 bilder och Landsat-8 bilder över tre testplatser i två lokala klimatzoner. Dessutom används tre populära algoritmer för maskininlärning (ML) (Light- GBM, KNN och slumpmässiga skogar) och NBR-tröskelvärden (empiriska och OTSU-baserade) i samma undersökningsområden för jämförelse. Valideringsresultaten visar att DL-algoritmerna överträffar maskininlärningsmetoderna (ML) i två av de tre fallen med kompakta brända ärr, medan ML-metoderna verkar vara mer lämpliga för kartläggning av spridda ärr i boreala skogar. Med hjälp av Sentinel-2 bilder uppvisar U-Net och HRNet jämförelsevis identiska prestanda med högre kappa (omkring 0,9) i en heterogen brandplats i Medelhavet i Grekland; Fast-SCNN presterar bättre än andra med kappa över 0,79 i en kompakt boreal skogsbrand med varierande brännskadegrad i Sverige. Vid direkt överföring av de tränade modellerna till motsvarande Landsat-8-data dominerar HRNet dessutom på de tre testplatserna bland DL-modellerna och kan bevara den höga noggrannheten. Resultaten visade att DL-modeller kan utnyttja kontextuell information fullt ut och fånga rumsliga detaljer i flera skalor från brandkänsliga spektralband för att kartlägga brända områden. Med den unika tidsmässiga bilden har DL-baserade metoder potential att användas för nästa jordobservationssatellit med databehandling ombord och begränsad lagring av tidigare scener. I den framtida studien kommer DL-modeller att undersökas för att upptäcka aktiva bränder från fjärranalysdata med flera upplösningar. Det befintliga problemet med obalanserade märkta data kan lösas med hjälp av en avancerad DL-arkitektur, lämplig konfiguration av träningsdatasetet och förbättrad förlustfunktion. För att ytterligare utforska de skador som orsakas av skogsbränder kommer det framtida arbetet att fokusera på bedömningen av brännskadornas allvarlighetsgrad baserat på DL-modeller genom semantisk segmentering av flera klasser. Dessutom kan översättningen mellan optiska bilder och SAR-bilder baserad på en GAN-modell (Generative Adversarial Network) undersökas för att förbättra kartläggningen av brända områden under olika väderförhållanden.
QC 20210525
Galgamuwe, Arachchige Pabodha Galgamuwa. "Ecological restoration of an oak woodland in Kansas informed with remote sensing of vegetation dynamics." Diss., Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/38196.
Повний текст джерелаDepartment of Horticulture, Forestry, and Recreation Resources
Charles J. Barden
Recurrent, landscape-level fires played an integral part in the development and persistence of eastern oak (Quercus spp.) forests of the United States. These periodic surface fires helped secure a competitive position for oaks in the regeneration pool by maintaining a desirable species composition and forest structure. This historical fire regime was altered with the European settlement of North America, and fire suppression within forestlands became a standard practice since 1930s. With decades of fire suppression, mature oak-dominated woodlands have widely converted to shade-tolerant tree species. Prescribed fire has successfully been used to enhance oak regeneration in eastern forests. However, oak woodland restoration within the forest-prairie ecotone of the Central plains has not been systematically studied. Fuel beds under shade-tolerant species are often less conducive to fire. Therefore, monitoring fuel loading (FL) and its changes are essential to inform management decisions in an oak regeneration project. Rapid expansion of eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana/ERC) is another ecological issue faced by land managers throughout North America’s midcontinent forest-prairie ecotone. Hence, it is worthy to monitor ERC expansion and effects on deciduous forests, to inform oak ecosystem restoration interventions within this region. Therefore, the main objectives of this dissertation were three-fold: (1) understand the effects of prescribed burning and mechanical thinning to encourage oak regeneration; (2) investigate the initial effects of an oak regeneration effort with prescribed fire and mechanical thinning on FL; and (3) monitor the spatio-temporal dynamics of ERC expansion in the forest-prairie ecotone of Kansas, and understand its effects on deciduous forests. The first two studies were conducted on a 90-acre oak dominated woodland, north of Manhattan, Kansas. The experimental design was a 2 (burn) x 2 (thin) factorial in a repeated measures design. The design structure allowed four treatment combinations: burn only (B), thin only (T), burn and thin combined (BT), and a control (C). Burning and thinning treatments were administered in spring 2015. Changes in the FL estimates after the burn treatment revealed that the BT treatment combination consumed more fuel and burned more intensely compared to the B treatment. This observation was reflected in vegetation responses. The thinning reduced the canopy cover significantly, but under enhanced light environments, both oaks and competitive species thrived when no burn was incorporated. In contrast, burn treatments controlled the competitive vegetation. Hence, the most promising results were obtained when both fire and thinning were utilized. The remote sensing study documented the expansion of ERC in three areas of eastern Kansas over 30 years. The use of multi-seasonal layer-stacks with a Support Vector Machines (SVM) supervised classification was found to be the most effective approach to map ERC distribution. Total ERC cover increased by more than 6000 acres in all three study areas investigated in this study between 1986 and 2017. Much of the ERC expansion was into deciduous woodlands. Therefore, ERC control measures should be incorporated into oak woodland restoration efforts within the forest-prairie ecotone of Kansas.
O'Connor, Erin E. "Post-fire Vegetative Regrowth Associated with Mature Tree Stands and Topography on Sofa Mountain." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1432908700.
Повний текст джерелаDempewolf, Jan. "Fire dynamics and woody cover changes in the Serengeti-Mara ecosystem 2000 to 2005 a remote sensing approach /." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/6673.
Повний текст джерелаThesis research directed by: Geography. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
Ceccato, Pietro. "Estimation of vegetation water content using remote sensing for the assessment of fire risk occurrence and burning efficiency." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369147.
Повний текст джерелаMcCarthy, Jenny. "Remote sensing for detection of landscape form and function of the Okavango Delta, Botswana." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3314.
Повний текст джерелаKutzner, Kendy. "Processing MODIS Data for Fire Detection in Australia." Thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2002. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-200200831.
Повний текст джерелаDas Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Nutzung von Fernerkundungsdaten des MODIS Instruments an Bord des Satelliten Terra zur Erkennung von Buschfeuern in Australien. Das schloss die Vorverarbeitung der Daten vom Demodulator, die Bitsynchronisation und die Umpacketierung der Daten ein. IMAPP wurde genutzt um die Daten zu kalibrieren und zu geolokalisieren. Die Feuererkennung bedient sich einer Kombination von absoluten Schwellwerttests, Differenztests und Vergleichen mit dem Hintergrund. Die Ergebnisse wurden in eine rechteckige Laengen/Breitengradkarte projiziert um dem BowTie Effekt entgegenzuwirken. Die benutzten Algrorithmen wurden in C und Matlab implementiert. Es zeigte sich, dass es moeglich ist in den verfuegbaren Daten Feuer zu erkennen. Die Ergebnisse wurden mit Feuererkennungen der NASA und Feuererkennung die auf anderen Sensoren basieren verglichen und fuer sehr aehnlich befunden
Blomdahl, Erika M. "Interactions Between Fire Severity and Forest Biota in the Central Sierra Nevada: Formation and Impact of Small-Scale Fire Refugia and the Effect of Fire on Forest Structure Predictive of Fisher (Pekania pennanti) Den Habitat." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7281.
Повний текст джерелаBolton, Douglas Kane. "Characterizing the link between fire history, productivity, and forest structure across Canada’s northern boreal using multi-source remote sensing." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/59331.
Повний текст джерелаForestry, Faculty of
Graduate
Bradley, Justin Mathew. "Particle Filter Based Mosaicking for Forest Fire Tracking." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2001.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBishop, Tara Boyce. "Of Fire, Mammals, and Rain: Mechanisms of Plant Invasions." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8572.
Повний текст джерелаGarges, David Casimir. "Early Forest Fire Detection via Principal Component Analysis of Spectral and Temporal Smoke Signature." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2015. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1456.
Повний текст джерелаLeyshon, Nicola C. "TEMPORAL CHANGES TO FIRE RISK IN DISPARATE WILDLAND URBAN INTERFACE COMMUNITIES." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2015. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1444.
Повний текст джерелаReading, Russell W. "Using Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing to Analyze Fire Likelihood Areas at the Regional Scale in the Western United States." DigitalCommons@USU, 2003. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7269.
Повний текст джерелаGanapathy, Savitha. "Impact of fire on the vegetation of the tropical forests of Uttara Kannada District in India using GIS and remote sensing techniques." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.444206.
Повний текст джерелаBoogert, Frans Joost Michel. "Evaluation of vegetation recovery after fire: a case study in Calde, central region of Portugal." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/15819.
Повний текст джерелаRemote Sensing has been used for decades, and more and more applications are added to its repertoire. With this study we aim to show the use of Remote Sensing in the field of vegetation recovery monitoring in burned areas and the added value of data with a high spatial resolution. This was done by analysing both Landsat 7 and 8 scenes, after the forest fire of summer 2012 in the parish of Calde, in the central region of Portugal, as well as an orthophoto produced with images acquired by an unmanned aerial vehicle.
A Deteção Remota tem sido utilizada durante décadas com novas aplicações a surgirem constantemente. Com este estudo pretende-se demonstrar o uso da Deteção Remota no campo da monotorização da recuperação de vegetação em áreas ardidas e o valor acrescentado da elevada resolução espacial dos dados utilizados. Para o efeito, foi feita a análise de áreas ardidas na freguesia de Calde, região central de Portugal, depois do incêndio florestal no verão de 2012, usando imagens Landsat 7 e 8 assim como uma ortofoto produzida com imagens adquiridas por um veículo aéreo não tripulado.
Suciu, Loredana G. "Microclimatic and Topographic Controls of Fire Radiative Energy in Southeastern Ohio." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1251136822.
Повний текст джерелаCorrea, Norma Elena Reynosa. "Avaliação de áreas afetadas por queimadas e incêndios florestais no estado do Tocantins em 2015." Universidade Federal do Tocantins, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11612/448.
Повний текст джерелаThe remote sensing techniques can be used for the detection, monitoring or identification of burned areas, as well for the analysis of the characterization and evaluation of occurrences of phenomena in a landscape at different temporal / spatial scales. The present study aims to analyse burned areas in the 2015 season, in the basins and sub-basins of the Araguaia-Tocantins hydrographic systems in the state of Tocantins. The quantification and delimitation of burned areas were carried out using two RGB compositions (754; 653) derived from Landsat8 satellite images and dry season. In addition to the variables related to a characterization of the burned area in each of the 30 hydrographic systems in the state of Tocantins, landscape metrics, number of hotspots and the results of the spatial autocorrelation were used too in analysis of correlation and principal components. The burned area had shown a positive correlation with the following variables: area occupied by the system (0.72 **; 0.87**) and the percentage of burned area (0.78**; 0.86 **). However, negative values were observed with the percentage of the burned area within the agricultural areas (-0.55 **; -0.80**). The correlation analysis also showed the relation of the burned area with the number of hotspots (0.75 **; 0.90**) and number of hotspots within the burned areas (0.95**; 0.97**). With smaller magnitudes, significant correlations were observed with the number of days without rain (0.51**; 0.63**) and number of days with rain less 13 mm (0.55 **; 0.81**). About the principal components analysis, it was possible to extract four components with first detail 44.05% of the variance, the second 16.69%, the third, 12.67% the fourth 9.66%, which they were represent the 83.03% of the variance of the original dataset variability. In nine sub-basins of the state were observed burned areas above 100 thousand hectares in 2015: A2 (> 501,000 ha); T1 (> 406,000 ha); T10 (> 248,000 ha); A1 (> 199,000 ha); A3 (> 176,000 ha); T12 (> 126,000 ha); T9 (> 117,000 ha); T5 (> 113,000 ha); T14 (> 101,000 ha), which they were represent more than 77% of the mapped in the state. The landscape metrics had shown the small relationships with burned area, however, in the system with the second largest occurrence of the burned area was observed relationship with the fragmentation of the landscape. The systems with the highest occurrence of burned areas can be characterized by regular or more complex landscapes, as well as the grouped occurrence of fire.
Mrdjen, Igor. "Harmful Algal Blooms in Small Lakes: Causes, Health Risks, and Novel Exposure Prevention Strategies." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1531135626251706.
Повний текст джерелаAshworth, Andrew Lee. "Predicting Southeastern forest canopy heights and fire fuel models using Geoscience Laser Altimeter System data." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2008. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-05102008-141659.
Повний текст джерелаRosenberg, Abigail Stella. "An Evaluation of a UAV Guidance System with Consumer Grade GPS Receivers." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194506.
Повний текст джерелаGoessmann, Florian. "Improved spatial resolution of bushfire detection with MODIS." Thesis, Curtin University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/909.
Повний текст джерелаChen, Wei. "Detection of forest disturbance and recovery after a serious fire in the Greater Hinggan Mountain area of China based on remote sensing and field survey data." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/192219.
Повний текст джерелаBisrat, Simon A. "Modeling Bark Beetle Outbreak and Fire Interactions in Western U.S. Forests and the Invasion Potential of an Invasive Puerto Rican Frog in Hawaii Using Remote Sensing Data." DigitalCommons@USU, 2010. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/703.
Повний текст джерелаMagadzire, Nyasha. "Reconstruction of a fire regime using MODIS burned area data : Charara Safari Area, Zimbabwe." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80042.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: Current efforts to address Zimbabwe‘s decade long veld fire crisis has partly been hindered by a lack of financial resources and fire data. This study illustrates the potential of using the MODIS burned area product as an alternative cost- and time-effective method for reconstructing historical fire records in Zimbabwe. Two MODIS burned area products were evaluated, namely the MCD45A1 and WAMIS (Meraka Institute‘s MODIS burned area product). Both products yielded similar levels of accuracy despite the difference in algorithms. However, it is assumed that at certain thresholds, either in tree cover or fire intensity, WAMIS ceases to map fires as accurately as the MCD45A1. Ten years of fire data for Charara Safari Area (CSA) was extracted from the MCD45A1, and used as a basis to establish six parameters: fire incidence, extent, seasonality, fire size, frequency and fire return interval (FRI). It was observed that approximately 50% of CSA burned annually, with an average of 132 fires occurring every year. Although there was no overall increase or decrease in the extent of area burned over the 10 year study period, an increasing trend in fire incidence was noted. Through an assessment of effective fire size, it was established that more fires in CSA were gradually becoming smaller in size, while the extent of area burned remained fairly constant. Hence, the increase in fire incidences and lack of a corresponding increase in area burned. This study was also used to identify areas in the fire regime that may be a potential ecological risk to the miombo woodland in CSA. Three points of concern were revealed: firstly, a high prevalence of late season fires was observed in the northern bounds of CSA. Secondly, 64.2% of the total area burned in CSA burned between 6 and 10 times over the 10 year period, and lastly, 85% of the total area burned over the period 2001 and 2010 had a FRI of less than 2 years. The combination of late season fires, high fire frequency and short FRI in CSA is indicative of possible alterations in the state of the miombo woodlands, which may have negative socio-economic implications on CSA and its surrounding communities. This study has demonstrated that the MCD45A1 is a useful source of much needed fire information for Zimbabwe. Therefore, the possibility of integrating methods employed in this study into the current collection of fire data should be given due consideration.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Huidige pogings om Zimbabwe se dekade lank veldbrand krisis aan te spreek is gedeeltelik belemmer deur 'n gebrek aan finansiële hulpbronne en vuurdata. Hierdie studie illustreer die potensiaal van die gebruik van die MODIS verbrande area produk as 'n alternatiewe koste-en tyd-effektiewe metode vir die rekonstruksie van historiese vuurrekords in Zimbabwe. Twee MODIS verbrande area produkte is geëvalueer, naamlik die MCD45A1 en WAMIS (Meraka Instituut se MODIS verbrand area produk). Beide produkte het soortgelyke vlakke van akkuraatheid opgelewer ten spyte van die verskil in die algoritmes. Dit word egter aanvaar dat op sekere drempels, óf in die boom bedekking, of brandintensiteit, WAMIS brande minder akkuraat karteer as die MCD45A1 produk. Tien jaar van vuurdata vir Charara Safari Area (CSA) is uit die MCD45A1 data onttrek, en gebruik as 'n basis om ses parameters vas te stel: vuurvoorkoms, omvang, seisoenaliteit, vuurgrootte, frekwensie en tyd tussen die terugkeer van vuur na ‗n spesifieke plek (nl. FRI). Dit is waargeneem dat ongeveer 50% van die CSA jaarliks gebrand word, met 'n gemiddeld van 132 brande wat elke jaar voorkom. Daar was nie 'n algehele toename of afname in die omvang van die totale verbrande area oor die 10 jaar studietydperk nie. Maar 'n toenemende neiging in die vuurvoorkoms was wel opgemerk. Deur middel van 'n assessering van effektiewe vuurgrootte, is daar vasgestel dat meer kleiner brande in CSA voorkom, terwyl die omvang van die verbrand area redelik konstant gebly het. Dus was daar ‗n toename in die aantal vuurvoorvalle al was daar nie 'n ooreenstemmende toename in die totale verbrande oppervlakte was nie. Hierdie studie is ook gebruik om gebiede in die vuurregime te identifiseer wat 'n potensiële ekologiese risiko vir die miombobosveld in CSA inhou. Drie punte van kommer word geopenbaar: eerstens, 'n hoë voorkoms van laatseisoen brande is waargeneem in die noordelike grense van CSA. Tweedens, 64,2% van die totale verbrande oppervlakte in die CSA brand tussen 6 en 10 keer bine die 10-jaar periode. Laastens, 85% van die totale verbrande oppervlakte oor die tydperk 2001 tot 2010 het 'n FRI van minder as twee jaar. Die kombinasie van laatseisoen brande, hoë vuurfrekwensie en kort FRI in CSA is 'n aanduiding van moontlike veranderinge in die toestand van die miomboveld, wat negatiewe sosio-ekonomiese implikasies op die CSA en die omliggende gemeenskappe kan uitoefen. Hierdie studie het getoon dat die MCD45A1 'n nuttige bron van broodnodige vuur inligting vir Zimbabwe is. Daarom, moet die moontlikheid van die integrasie van die metodes wat gebruik word in hierdie studie in die huidige versameling van vuurdata behoorlike oorweging gegee word.
Landmann, Tobias. "A case study for Skukuza : estimating biophysical poperties of fires using EOS-MODIS satellite data ; a field and remote sensing study to quantify burnt area and fire effects in South African semi-arid savannas /." Aachen : Shaker-Verl, 2004. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0708/2006485603.html.
Повний текст джерелаSonnenschein, Ruth. "Land use change and its effects on vegetation trends and fire patterns in Mediterranean rangelands." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16754.
Повний текст джерелаDrylands cover about 41% of the earth’s surface, sustain the livelihoods of 2 billion people, harbor unique biodiversity and provide important ecosystem services, but land use and climate change exert considerable pressure on these ecosystems. However, pattern and drivers of land use change are weakly understood. Remote sensing can monitor these changes for large areas but methods to detect both gradual and abrupt events like fires are missing. The main objectives of this thesis were to develop remote sensing based methods to better quantify the impact of land use change on fire-prone Mediterranean ecosystems, and to apply these methods to better understand the influence of different land use processes on fire regimes. The island of Crete (Greece) served as study region where diverging land use transformation are extensive, fires are frequent and environmental gradients are large. First, the trade-off between different vegetation estimates when using Landsat-based trend analyses was quantified. The results suggested that simple vegetation estimates perform equally well and thus, allow for effective mapping of large areas. Second, a trajectory change detection approach was applied to separate gradual changes from abrupt events and to answer the question how land use systems and fire regimes have affected Crete’s rangelands. Statistical modeling was then used to quantify the relative importance of land use processes in driving the fire regime. The results show that vegetation changes resulted in complex pattern of gradual changes and fires likewise. The fire regime appeared to be mainly driven by changing grazing systems. Fires were frequent in foothills whereas mountains showed increasing vegetation as a result of land abandonment. The statistical modeling confirmed that land extensification and climate are the primary drivers of fire regimes on Crete. The results suggest that the former fuel-limited fire regime will likely shift towards a drought-driven fire regime.
Goessmann, Florian. "Improved spatial resolution of bushfire detection with MODIS." Curtin University of Technology, Department of Applied Physics, 2007. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=17134.
Повний текст джерелаIt is the intention of this work to open up new opportunities in remote sensing of fires from satellites by showing capabilities and limitations in the application of other spectral channels, in particular the 2.1 μm channel of MODIS, than the ones currently used. This channel is chosen for investigation as fires are expected to emit a significant amount of energy in this bandwidth and as it is available at a native resolution of 500 m on MODIS; double the resolution of the 3 μm and 11 μm channels. The modelling of blackbodies of typical bushfire temperatures shows that a fire detection method based on the 2.1 μm channel will not be able to replace the current methods. Blackbodies of temperatures around 600 to 700 K, that are common for smoldering fires, do not emit a great amount of energy at 2.1 μm. It would be hardly possible to detect those fires by utilizing the 2.1 μm channel. The established methods based on the 3 μm and 11 μm channels are expected to work better in these cases. Blackbodies of typically flaming fires (above 800 K) however show a very high emission around 2.1 μm that should make their detection using the 2.1 μm channel possible.
In order to develop a fire detection method based on the 2.1 μm channel, it is necessary to differentiate between the radiance caused by a fire of sub pixel size and the radiance of a pixel caused by the reflection of sunlight. This is attempted by using time series of past observations to model a reflectance value for a given pixel expected in absence of a fire. A fire detection algorithm exploiting the difference between the expected and observed reflectance is implemented and its detection results are compared to high resolution ASTER fire maps, the standard MODIS fire detection algorithm (MOD14) and burnt area maps. The detections of the method based on the 2.1 μm channel are found to correspond very well with the other three datasets. However, the comparison showed detections that do not align with MOD14 active fire detections but are generally aligned with burn areas. This phenomena has to be investigated in the future.
Landmann, Tobias. "A case study for Skukuza : estimating biophysical properties of fires using EOS-MODIS satellite data : a field and remote sensing study to quantify burnt area and fire effects in South African semi-arid savannas /." Aachen : Shaker, 2004. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0708/2006485603.html.
Повний текст джерела