Дисертації з теми "Fine-resolution"
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1
Best, Stephen Edward. "Instability processes in a fine resolution Antarctic model." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295932.
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2
Boedeker, Scott. "A fine resolution model of the Leeuwin Current system." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2001. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA401599.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (M.S. in Meteorology and Physical Oceanography) Naval Postgraduate School, December 2001.Thesis Advisor(s): Batteen, Mary L. "December 2001." Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-58). Also Available online.
3
Amesbury, Matthew John. "Fine-resolution peat-based palaeoclimate records of the late-Holocene." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.486437.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The need for peat-based palaeoclimatic studies of increased temporal resolution has been identified in recent research and formed the basis ofthis thesis. Four ombrotrophic bogs were studied along an oceanic to continental climate transect in north-west Europe. Selected late-Holocene abrupt climatic deteriorations were identified at coarse resolution and time-slices over each of these were investigated at 25 nun sample resolution using peat humification, testate amoebae and plant macrofossil analyses. Age-depth models based on radiocarbon dating, tephrochronology and spheroidal carbonaceous particle analysis were applied to each fine-resolution zone. By quantifying the error inherent in the age-depth models, it was confirmed that in the majority of cases, the sampling resolution used equated to sub-decadal resolution. Therefore an assessment ofwhether the fine-resolution results could be confidently interpreted as reflecting sub-decadal palaeoclimatic change was possible. In order to facilitate this approach, novel sampling techniques were developed and changes to standard methodologies applied. A custom-built peat slicer enabled uniform millimetre-scale slicing of frozen peat samples. Sample sizes for each of the three methods of analysis were halved after testing confirmed that this did not effect the interpretation of the palaeoclimatic record derived. It was concluded that the multi-proxy, fine-resolution results could be confidently interpreted as sub-decadal resolution palaeoclimatic data, although careful interpretation was deemed essential since some datasets were problematic in some respects. For example, the extent to.which the individual records co-varied within the fine-resolution zones was variable {nd there was a lack of correspondence between some results from adjacent cores. In addition, a lack of contemporaneity between fineresolution zones of the same event between sites and uncertainty in the absolute dating of the fine-resolution changes meant that the climatological conclusions relating to each abrupt event were limited, although there was evidence of palaeoclimatic changes that occurred over ca. 5 - 20 years, indicating that the events studied may have been more abrupt than suggested in 'previous peat-based research. Fine-resolution humification results were subjected to spectral analysis and exhibited a dominant periodicity of between 8 and 13 years, suggesting a link to the ca. 11 year Schwabe sunspot cycle. In order to maximise potential temporal resolution and produce reliable subdecadal palaeoclimatic data in future research, it was recommended that peat-based studies should obtain the best possible chronological control, focus on sites with high species diversity and rapid accumulation, employ the methodological advancements developed in this thesis and perform replicate coring to assess intra-site differences in microtopography. Site specific factors should be considered above degree of continentality in the selection of sites for future research.
4
Singles, Roderick John. "Fine resolution modelling of ammonia dry deposition over Great Britain." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/14431.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this study an alternative has been taken, by applying an atmospheric transport model. Due to assumptions in the treatment of vertical dispersion, many current UK models are unable to describe the short-range dispersion of ammonia adequately, so a new statistical model has been created by extensively modifying an existing Lagrangian trajectory model. A number of atmospheric processes have been parameterised for inclusion in the model, and boundary data have been constructed to allow the inclusion of continental emissions. The wind speed data used to advect the model have been optimised for NH3 dry deposition, and careful restructuring of the computer code has reduced computational time considerably. Initial testing of the model on a 20 km x 20 km grid has shown that modelled wet deposition fluxes of sulphate and nitrate have a fair degree of success in reproducing measurement data. Comparisons of SO2 and NO2 surface concentrations with measured data have shown a variable degree of success, highlighting the uncertainties in emission heights. A number of sensitivity tests have been performed on various models processes, and have shown the degree of dependence of certain modelled species on the type of parameterisation used in the model. Emissions data for NH3 have been employed on a much finer horizontal scale of 5 km x 5 km grid squares than has been previously used in an atmospheric transport model over Great Britain. The use of a detailed description of vertical diffusion and dry deposition, together with a fine resolution emissions dataset, have produced the best yet agreement with measured NH3 surface concentration estimates for Great Britain. Total annual fluxes of NH3 dry deposition agree well with official estimates, but the spatial distribution of these data differ considerably, and highlight the possible over-estimation of the NH3 samplers used in the monitoring network in areas of very low surface concentrations. A total annual budget for reduced nitrogen is given which shows the directional-dependence of both total deposition and export of reduced nitrogen. The model estimates that on average over half of the total dry deposition is the result of emissions being dry deposited in the same 5 km grid square. The spatial variation of this fraction is important information which can be used to guide emission reduction strategies.
5
English, Luc Thomas Philippe. "High resolution lithostratigraphy of fine grained Llandovery sediments in northern Europe." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361683.
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6
Grose, Timothy John. "Analysis of theoretical and observational techniques using the fine resolution Antarctic model." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317581.
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7
Aplin, Paul. "Fine spatial resolution satellite sensor imagery for pre-field land cover classification." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297413.
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8
Bartrand, Timothy A. Haas Charles N. Farouk Bakhtier. "High resolution experimental studies and numerical analysis of fine bubble ozone disinfection contactors /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/1214.
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9
Tuttle, Sam Arthur. "Quantitative modelling of fine scale auroral emissions and electric fields at sub-second resolution." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2017. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/415860/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The structuring and dynamics of auroral emissions at fine spatial and temporal scales, down to tens of metres and fractions of a second, is an oft-observed but poorly understood phenomenon. One particular theory for such fine scale structure involves magnetic reconnection in the auroral acceleration region initiating Alfven waves which structure and energise the precipitating particles. Such theories are testable using measurements of the ionospheric electric fields associated with the observed fine scale structure. This thesis presents attempts to measure ionospheric electric fields, using a novel model that tracks emission from a long-lived ion produced at times of auroral particle precipitation, so that the theories that seek to explain the fine scale structuring of the aurora can be evaluated. However, such modelling requires knowledge of the energy spectrum of the precipitation, and the resulting emissions, at the spatial and temporal resolutions of the observed fine scale aurora. This thesis presents such new work concerning the modelling of auroral electron energy spectra and fine scale auroral emissions at sub-kilometre and sub-second resolutions using ground based observations, and the subsequent application of a novel method to estimate ionospheric electric fields using a long-lived ion produced during times of auroral precipitation. Two novel methods are presented. The first method utilises a fusion of multi-monochromatic auroral observations at optical and near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths together with simultaneous radar observations. The second uses only multimonochromatic observations, to be used when complementary radar observations are unavailable. Each technique is applied to an observed auroral event to determine the energy spectra of the precipitating electrons and resulting 3-D distribution of auroral emissions. Modelled images of the emissions verify the accuracy of the recovered spectra. The recovered spectra are used as input to a novel model which solves the continuity equation of a long-lived ion produced at times of auroral precipitation. This model uses a parameterised ion velocity, and optimises the velocity parameters by comparing observed and modelled images of emission from this ion. A simple velocity parameterisation, a uniform flow perpendicular to the magnetic field, yields plasma velocities of 0.4-2.4 km s-1, with the plasma velocities being enhanced at times when the auroral brightness is high. Comparison of the recovered velocities to radar observations of ionospheric plasma velocities shows agreement in direction, but the recovered velocities are larger, more so when the aurora is brighter. Electric fields, inferred from the modelled plasma velocities, of up to 120 mV m-1 are found at the time when the auroral brightness was intensified. A more complex flow parameterisation is presented and tested, but does not succeed for the event analysed.
10
Phillips, Robyn L. "A fine resolution model of the Leeuwin Current System off western and southern Australia." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02sep%5FPhillips.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (M.S. in Physical Oceanography)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2002.Thesis advisor(s): Mary L. Batteen, Curtis A. Collins. Includes bibliographical references (p. 85-88). Also available online.
11
Martinho, Antonio S. "A fine resolution model of the Coastal Eastern Boundary Current systems off Iberia and Morocco." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2001. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA391705.
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12
Bourque, Marie-Claude. "Effects of coastal currents on Pacific salmon migration inferred from a fine-resolution numerical model." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0030/NQ38857.pdf.
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13
Innes, James B. "Fine resolution pollen analysis of late Flandrian II peat at North Gill, North York moors." Thesis, Durham University, 1989. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6534/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Pollen and charcoal percentage and concentration analyses have been conducted upon several upland peat profiles of late Flandrian II and early Flandrian III age at North Gill, North York Moors, where earlier research had proven recurrent major pre Elm Decline woodland disturbance, supported in one profile by radiocarbon dating. Fine temporal resolution pollen analysis (FRPA) involving the use of contiguous millimetre sampling was applied to Flandrian II disturbance phases at five of the North Gill profiles. At North Gill 1A a further phase of disturbance near the end of Flandrian II was examined using FRPA to study evidence of pre Elm Decline agricultural activity, and at this profile both the horizontal and vertical resolution limits of the technique were tested by progressively finer sub-sampling. The millimetre level FRPA analyses showed that each of the examined pre Elm Decline disturbance phases was an aggregate feature, composed of a number of smaller sub-phases, the ecological effects of which in terms of spatially-precise woodland successions and community structures were assessed and contrasted. Inter-profile spatial comparison of the ecology of woodland disturbances has been made at both FRPA and conventional scales of temporal resolution. FRPA study of the late Flandrian II disturbance phase at North Gill 1A showed that cereal cultivation had occurred prior to the Elm Decline as part of a multi-phase period of agricultural land-use activity. The high resolution spatial and temporal data from North Gill have shown FRPA to be a most sensitive palaeoecological technique, and are discussed in relation to the effects of disturbance upon mire and woodland ecosystems, Mesolithic land-use, pre Elm Decline cereal cultivation and early Neolithic land-use.
14
Thornton, Matthew W. "Sub-pixel mapping of rural land cover features from fine spatial resolution remotely sensed imagery." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.439516.
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15
Frappier, Monique G. "Late-glacial, fine-resolution pollen and sediment analyses of Little Dyke Lake sediments, Central Nova Scotia." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/10247.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A detailed analyses of Little Dyke Lake basal sediments revealed two environmental disturbances occurred during the late-glacial. These disturbances were correlated to the previously reported Killarney and Younger Dryas climatic oscillations of the Maritimes. Organic accumulation commenced at about 11 500 yrs BP. Macrofossil and pollen evidence indicate that a forest-tundra including abundant juniper and spruce krummholz had developed 300-600 years after deglaciation. Changes in the vegetation composition were followed by an increased inwash of coarser, siltier sediment. With climate amelioration, a spruce woodland grew during the time when paleo-Indians occupied the nearby Debert site. The deposition of clayey and organic rich sediments are associated with the spruce woodland. Plants found in the understory, especially herbs and grasses, and those most apt to grow under cooler, drier and disturbed conditions then became more important in the landscape. This shift in the vegetation cover is accompanied with the sudden replacement of dark clayey sediment by a reddish coarse silt. The termination of the Killarney cooling is reflected by an increase abundance of coarse mineral sediment. However, high Juniperus pollen percentages accompany a shrub Betula maxima when maximum erosion of sands arrives to the lake basin. Changes in the character of the sediment appear to coincide with pollen changes resulting from climatic cooling. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
16
Pederzoli, Anna. "The application of an Eulerian chemical and transport model (CMAQ) at fine scale resolution to the UK." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3127.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Present-day numerical air quality models are considered essential tools for predicting future air pollutant concentrations and depositions, contributing to the development of new effective strategies for the control and the reduction of pollutant emissions. They simulate concentrations and depositions of pollutants on a wide range of scales (global, national, urban scale) and they are used for identifying critical areas, integrating measurements and achieving a deeper scientific understanding of the physical and chemical processes involving air pollutants in the atmosphere. The use of comprehensive air quality models started in the late 1970s and since then their development has increased rapidly, hand in hand with the rapid increase in computational resources. Today more and more complex and computationally expensive numerical models are available to the scientific community. One of these tools is the Community Multi-Scale Air Quality System (CMAQ), developed in the 1990s by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and currently widely applied across the world for air pollution studies. This work focuses on the application of CMAQ to the United Kingdom, for estimating concentrations and depositions of acidifying pollutants (NOX, NHX, SOX) on a national scale. The work is divided into seven chapters, the first one describing the main issues related to the emission and dispersion in the atmosphere of acidifying species. It also includes a brief overview of the main international policies signed in the last thirty years in order to reduce the problem of acidification in Europe, as well as a brief description of some models mentioned in this thesis. The second one describes the main features of CMAQ and addresses some issues such as the use of a nesting process for achieving temporally and spatially resolved boundary concentrations, and the implementation of the model on parallel machines, essential for reducing the simulation computing time. It also describes how this study is part of a wider context, which includes the application of CMAQ in the United Kingdom by other users with different scientific purposes (aerosols processes, air quality in the urban area of London, contribution of UK power stations to concentrations and depositions etc.). The third part of the thesis focuses on the application and evaluation over the United Kingdom of the 5th Generation Mesoscale Model MM5, used for providing 3D meteorological input fields to CMAQ. This study was performed assuming that an accurate representation of depositions and concentrations of chemical species cannot be achieved without a good estimate of the meteorological parameters involved in most of the atmospheric processes (transport, photochemistry, aerosol processes, cloud processes etc.). The fourth part of the thesis describes the preliminary implementation of the Sparse Matrix Operational Kernel Emission System (SMOKE) in the United Kingdom. The processor provides input emissions to CMAQ. The use of SMOKE is usually avoided in CMAQ applications of outside America, and CMAQ input emission files are prepared by the application of other software. The reason is that the model requires radical changes for being applied outside Northern and Central America. Some of these changes have been made in this study such as the adaptation of the European emission inventory EMEP and the UK National Inventory NAEI to the modelling system for point and area sources, the introduction of new European emission temporal profiles in substitution of the American ones and the introduction of new geographical references for the spatial allocation of emissions. In the fifth chapter the results of CMAQ application over the UK are discussed. The study focuses on NOX, SO2, NH3 and + 4 NH . Maps of concentration are presented and modelled data are compared to measurements from two different air quality networks in the UK. An analysis of the performance of CMAQ over the UK is also performed. In the final chapter an annual inter-comparison between CMAQ and the Lagrangian transport model FRAME is carried out. Maps of annual wet deposition fluxes of NHX, NOY and SOX for year 1999 are presented. The results of both models are compared to one another and they are also compared to values from the UK official data set CBED. Finally, the last chapter suggests the work that has to be done in the future with CMAQ and it summarizes the conclusions.
17
Zheng, Yuanlin. "Structure fine des dislocations dans les feldspaths alcalins : etude par microscopie electronique a haute resolution (methr) et modelisation." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066100.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Etude sur la structure fine des dislocations dans les feldspaths alcalins. Differents types de dislocation ont ete actives; leur analyse fine en microscopie electronique a haute resolution montre que les dislocations (010) 001 et (010) 101 sont dissociees avec le defaut plan (010) 001/2 et que les dislocations (001) 110/2 sont parfaites. Des modeles de coeurs de dislocations parfaites et partielles sont proposes avec une estimation de l'energie du coeur
18
Gao, Xiang. "Optical-biophysical relationships and validation of MODIS vegetation indices with multiple fine spatial resolution data in semiarid rangelands." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/279915.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The vegetation index products from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) are designed to provide consistent, spatial and temporal comparisons of global vegetation conditions. The objective of this dissertation was to validate the robustness and global implementation of two MODIS VI algorithms, including the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and "enhanced" vegetation index (EVI). Their performances have been evaluated in: (1) the normalization of canopy background (brightness) variations and the extraction of biophysical parameters across different canopy structures; (2) the characterization of seasonal vegetation profiles (phenological, intra-annual); and (3) spatial and temporal discrimination of vegetation differences (inter-annual). The validation was accomplished through multiple means, including canopy radiative transfer models which were utilized to extract pure vegetation spectra and "true" VI value free of background contamination for varying canopy structures and vegetation amount. The experimental field- and airborne-based radiometry and satellite imagery at multiple spatial resolutions were also coupled and scaled-up for comparison with coarse spatial resolution MODIS VI products to quantify characteristics of semiarid rangeland vegetation. The results showed that NDVI was advantageous in yielding biophysical relationships applicable across varying canopy types, but required knowledge of soils for biophysical estimations. The EVI provided biophysical relationships sensitive to canopy structure, thus requiring knowledge of canopy type for biophysical assessments. The MODIS VI products were successfully validated, radiometrically, by coupling field and the MODLAND Quick Airborne Looks (MQUALS) observations to high spatial resolution imagery (AVIRIS and ETM+), and appeared robust across the two parallel sites for depicting their ecological equivalents. MODIS multitemporal VI profiles were able to depict phenological activity, length of the growing season, peak and onset of greenness, and leaf turnover. Among the sensors tested, spatial resolution was found to be most important for discriminating the major land cover subtypes within the two parallel semiarid rangelands, and spectral resolution had major effects on capturing seasonal contrast due to atmosphere influences. The validation strategy utilized in this study to successively aggregate the integrity-inherent multiple fine spatial resolution data to the coarse MODIS pixel sizes appeared to perform well, thus showing potentials in the validation of other satellite products.
19
Li, Ying, Daven Henze, Darby Jack, and Patrick L. Kinney. "The Influence of Air Quality Model Resolution on Health Impact Assessment for Fine Particulate Matter and Its Components." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/10.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Health impact assessments for fine particulate matter (PM2.5) often rely on simulated concentrations generated from air quality models. However, at the global level, these models often run at coarse resolutions, resulting in underestimates of peak concentrations in populated areas. This study aims to quantitatively examine the influence of model resolution on the estimates of mortality attributable to PM2.5 and its species in the USA. We use GEOS-Chem, a global 3-D model of atmospheric composition, to simulate the 2008 annual average concentrations of PM2.5 and its six species over North America. The model was run at a fine resolution of 0.5 × 0.66° and a coarse resolution of 2 × 2.5°, and mortality was calculated using output at the two resolutions. Using the fine-modeled concentrations, we estimate that 142,000 PM2.5-related deaths occurred in the USA in 2008, and the coarse resolution produces a national mortality estimate that is 8 % lower than the fine-model estimate. Our spatial analysis of mortality shows that coarse resolutions tend to substantially underestimate mortality in large urban centers. We also re-grid the fine-modeled concentrations to several coarser resolutions and repeat mortality calculation at these resolutions. We found that model resolution tends to have the greatest influence on mortality estimates associated with primary species and the least impact on dust-related mortality. Our findings provide evidence of possible biases in quantitative PM2.5 health impact assessments in applications of global atmospheric models at coarse spatial resolutions.
20
Beraki, Asmeron Fissehatsion. "Climate change scenario simulations over Eritrea by using a fine resolution limited area climate model temperature and moisture sensitivity /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02102006-152327.
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21
Zsigovics, Gabor. "Derivation of biophysical variables from fine resolution imagery for co-processing with socio-economic data in an urban area." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0021/MQ53459.pdf.
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22
Li, Ying. "Assessing Public Health Burden Associated with Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5): The Impacts of Model Resolution and Exposure-Response Relationship on Mortality Estimates." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/22.
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23
Brody, Linnea Lynn. "Infant and child mortality in South Africa in the context of a high HIV prevalence : an investigation into changing mortality patterns at a fine age resolution." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9333.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 98-111).South Africa has very high levels of HIV prevalence, with some provinces having among the highest levels in the world. Within this context it is imperative to have a clear understanding of how the epidemic is affecting infants and children in the population and to what extent interventions are affecting mortality. However, establishing accurate estimates of infant and child mortality levels is very difficult in South Africa because the data available is nearly a decade out of date. Demographic modelling techniques and extrapolations from out of date data provide the closest estimates but are less than ideal in the middle of an HIV epidemic. What is needed is a surveillance method that can provide rapid, up to date information on infant and child mortality, within an environment of high HIV prevalence that can inform health policy for South Africa's youngest citizens. This study utilized routinely collected national vital events data to describe trends in infant and child mortality from 1990 to 2006. Mortality was examined by age of death in months, a finer age resolution than has been previously published. Data used in this study consisted of unpublished mortality statistics collected by Statistics South Africa from 1990 to 2002, and data extracted from the Population Register database maintained by the Department of Home Affairs for the years 1998 to 2006. The Population Register database was investigated for use as a potential mortality surveillance tool to measure current trends in infant and child mortality and to measure any effects by HIV/IAIDS interventions at a population level. Several new and unique findings were revealed in this study. First, a new and increasing all-cause peak in mortality was discovered centring at 3 months of age - a new, previously unpublished, demographic phenomenon. Second, a coding error was found in causes of death of infants under 1 year of age in the data recorded by Statistics South Africa (Stats SA) resulting in the incorrect coding of the majority of deaths in this age group. Despite the problems with coding of cause of death, the peak in mortality at 3 months was shown to be due to HIV/AIDS mortality and was the third finding in this study. The fourth finding was that the Population Register data could further be used with the 3 month peak in mortality as a rapid surveillance tool to measure trends in infant mortality. By utilizing the up to date data from the Population Register database and monitoring the peak in mortality at 3 months, this study was able to show that HIV/AIDS interventions such as the ARV rollout and PMTCT programs are beginning to have a positive effect at a population level. This method of surveillance was able to examine changes in mortality at 3 -months at both a national and provincial level.
24
Riechers, Ricarda Eva Friederike Elisabeth [Verfasser], and Alkwin [Akademischer Betreuer] Slenczka. "High-resolution spectroscopy in superfluid helium droplets. Investigation of vibrational fine structures in electronic spectra of phthalocyanine and porphyrin derivatives / Ricarda Eva Friederike Elisabeth Riechers. Betreuer: Alkwin Slenczka." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1023282038/34.
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Martinet, Maxime. "Initiation et organisation d'un système fortement précipitant méditerranéen dans le cadre de période d'observation spéciale HyMeX : simulations aux échelles hectométriques." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30312.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Les épisodes de pluies intenses qui affectent le pourtour Méditerranéen sont des phénomènes dangereux. Ils peuvent causer des crues éclair engendrant des dégâts matériels et humains importants. La prévision numérique du temps a aujourd'hui fait de nombreux progrès en particulier grâce à l'avènement des modèles de fine échelle. Cependant la prévision de ces épisodes de pluies intenses reste encore trop souvent imprécise. Par le passé, des études ont permis de mettre en évidence les ingrédients météorologiques principaux de ces phénomènes extrêmes. Cependant, certains mécanismes de fine échelle (microphysique et turbulence) et leurs interactions avec ceux de plus grande échelle sont encore mal connus. Le programme de recherche HyMeX vise notamment à améliorer la compréhension des processus impliqués dans ces évènements et leur représentation dans les modèles numériques en s'appuyant sur un jeu de données d'observations sans précédent. HyMeX a ainsi apporté des observations in-situ de systèmes fortement précipitants et de leur environnement, en amont, sur mer. L'objectif de ce sujet de thèse était d'analyser la représentation, dans les modèles à résolution hectométrique, des processus qui permettent l'initiation et l'organisation de la convection, en particulier sur mer. Le contexte météorologique et les systèmes précipitants de l'épisode convectif de la POI16a HyMeX ont d'abord été étudiés à partir des nombreuses observations et d'une simulation de référence à 2.5 km de résolution horizontale. L'environnement et les mécanismes d'initiation et d'organisation de la convection ont été analysés, mettant en évidence une initiation de la convection due à de la convergence dans un flux humide et instable de basses couches et à une plage froide sous orages. Cette dernière force le contournement du flux de basses couches renforçant localement la convergence. Cet épisode a ensuite été simulé à une résolution horizontale plus fine de 500 m. Cette gamme de résolution, vers laquelle les modèles opérationnels tendent actuellement, se situe au cœur la zone grise de la turbulence. La représentation des processus turbulents, entre représentation explicite et paramétrisation, y est délicate. Une étude de sensibilité à la paramétrisation de la longueur de mélange pour le schéma de turbulence a été réalisée. Elle a montré un fort impact à la fois sur l'environnement (notamment sur le vent et l'humidité dans les basses couches), sur la dynamique (vitesse verticale) et la microphysique (contenu en hydrométéores, intensité des précipitations et de la plage froide) dans le système précipitant. La longueur de mélange communément utilisée dans cette gamme de résolution produit moins de turbulence sous-maille et donne un système convectif plus intense. Enfin, pour s'extraire de la zone grise de la turbulence et des difficultés qui y sont associées, la résolution a été affinée jusqu'à l'échelle LES. La première simulation LES d'un cas réel de fortes précipitations sur la Méditerranée a été réalisée, avec une résolution horizontale de 150 m sur un grand domaine couvrant le nord-ouest du bassin méditerranéen (environ 900 millions de points). Elle a montré que la simulation, dans la zone grise de la turbulence, proposait une représentation de l'environnement similaire, mais un système convectif plus intense par rapport à la réalité de la LES. Une analyse préliminaire de la structure du système précipitant simulé a montré l'opportunité offerte par cette simulation LES pour étudier l'organisation à fine échelle des cellules convectives au cœur du systèmeHeavy precipitating events affecting the whole Mediterranean region are dangerous phenomena. They can cause flash floods leading to significant material and human damages. Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) model made significant progress, especially through fine scale modeling. However, the prediction of these intense rainfall events remains imprecise. In the past, studies has already highlighted the major meteorological ingredients of these extreme phenomena. However, some fine scale mechanisms (microphysics and turbulence) and their interaction with larger scale are still not well known. The HyMeX research program is dedicated to improve the understanding of these processes and their representation in numerical models based on an unprecedented observations dataset. HyMeX also provides the first observations of heavy precipitating systems and their environment over the sea. The objective of this thesis is to analyze the representation of the processes participating in the initiation and the organization of convection in numerical models, especially over sea. The meteorological context and the precipitating systems of the POI16a convective event (26/10/2012) were first studied with numerous observations and a reference simulation realized at 2.5 km horizontal resolution. The environment, the initiation and the organisation mechanisms for convection have been analyzed, showing a convection initiation triggered by a convergence in humid and unstable low-level flow and by a cold pool under the storm playing a role of deflection of the low-level flow, reinforcing the convergence. This event was then simulated at a finer horizontal resolution of 500 m. This range of resolution, toward which the operational models curently operate, is located in the grey zone of the turbulence. The representation of turbulent processes between an explicit representation and parameterization is delicate. A sensitivity study to the turbulent mixing length was carried out. A strong impact is observed on both the environment (especially on the low-levels wind and humidity), the dynamic processes (vertical speed) and the microphysics in the precipitating system (hydrometeor content, precipitation and cold pool intensity). The mixing length commonly used in this range of resolution produces less subgrid turbulence and gives a more intense convective system. Finally, to extract from the grey zone of turbulence and the associated difficulties, the resolution was refined to the LES scale. The first LES simulation of a real heavy precipitating Mediterranean event was carried out with a horizontal resolution of 150 m on a large grid covering the north-west of the Mediterranean bassin (900 million points). The simulation in the grey zone of turbulence proposed a representation of the environment quite similar, but a convective system more intense compared to the reality of the LES. A rapid analysis of the simulated precipitating system structure showed the opportunity offered by this LES simulation to study the dynamic and the microphysical organization of the system at a finer scale
26
Robinson, Jason. "Resolution." VCU Scholars Compass, 2011. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2475.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper is an exploration of the concepts and motivations behind the video installation and performance that made up my MFA Thesis Exhibition. My primary interest as a filmmaker is in the “invisible art” of editing. In my practice I employ iconic imagery such as old home movies and classic Hollywood films, as my source material. This “found footage” is deconstructed, drastically altered, and reassembled into a new movie that tells my story while still maintaining the memory of the original images. My process and philosophy concerning the salvage and repurposing of video is analyzed and discussed. I also examine my experience in translating video editing into a live improvisational performance.
27
Watcharinyanon, Somsakul. "Characterization of Self-Assembled Monolayers of Oligo(phenyleneethynylene) Derivatives on Gold." Licentiate thesis, Karlstad : Faculty of Technology and Science, Physics, Karlstad University, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-800.
Повний текст джерела
28
Léger, Agnès. "Investigation of speech processing in frequency regions where absolute thresholds are normal for hearing-impaired listeners." Thesis, Paris 5, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA05H106.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Une perte auditive neurosensorielle est généralement associée à uneréduction de l’intelligibilité de la parole, et ce tout particulièrement dans le bruit.Les contributions respectives d’une réduction de l'audibilité et de déficitssupraliminaires sont encore débattues.L'objectif principal de cette thèse était d'évaluer l'effet spécifique desdéficits supraliminaires sur l’intelligibilité de la parole. L'effet de l'audibilité étaitcontrôlé en mesurant l’intelligibilité de signaux de parole sans signification filtrésdans les régions basses et moyennes fréquences au sein desquelles la détection desons purs était normale chez des auditeurs malentendants présentant par ailleursune perte auditive en hautes fréquences. Dans ces régions fréquentielles oùl’audibilité est supposée normale, des déficits d'intelligibilité de la parole légers àsévères ont été observés dans le silence comme dans le bruit chez les auditeursmalentendants. Les déficits étaient similaires dans les bruits masquantstationnaires et fluctuants. Ces résultats démontrent l’influence des déficitsauditifs supraliminaires sur l’intelligibilité de la parole.Le second objectif de cette thèse était d'étudier l'origine de ces déficitssupraliminaires. Les résultats indiquent qu’une réduction de la sélectivitéfréquentielle cochléaire ne peut pas expliquer entièrement les déficitsd’intelligibilité de la parole des auditeurs malentendants. L'influence de lasensibilité à la structure temporelle fine reste incertaineSpeech intelligibility is reduced for listeners with sensorineural hearingloss, especially for speech in noise. The extent to which this reduction is due toreduced audibility or to supra-threshold deficits is still debated.The main goal of this PhD work was to investigate the specific influenceof supra-threshold deficits on speech intelligibility. The effect of audibility wascontrolled for by measuring speech intelligibility for hearing-impaired listenersusing nonsense speech signals filtered in low- and mid-frequency regions wherepure-tone sensitivity was normal. Hearing-impaired listeners with hearing loss inhigh-frequency regions showed mild to severe intelligibility deficits for speechboth in quiet and in noise in these frequency regions of normal audibility. Similardeficits were obtained for speech in steady and fluctuating masking noises. Thisprovides additional evidence that speech intelligibility may be strongly influencedby supra-threshold auditory deficits.The second aim of this PhD work was to investigate the origin of thesesupra-threshold deficits. Results showed that reduced frequency selectivity cannotentirely explain the speech intelligibility deficits of the hearing-impaired listeners.The influence of temporal fine structure sensitivity remained unclear
29
Burns, Calum. "Super résolution de texture pour la reconstruction 3D fine." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS026/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
La reconstruction 3D multi-vue atteint désormais un niveau de maturité industrielle : des utilisateurs non-experts peuvent produire des modèles 3D large-échelle de qualité à l'aide de logiciels commerciaux. Ces reconstructions utilisent des capteurs haut de gamme comme des LIDAR ou des appareils photos de type DSLR, montés sur un trépied et déplacés autour de la scène. Ces protocoles d'acquisition sont mal adaptés à l’inspection d’infrastructures de grande taille, à géométrie complexe. Avec l'évolution rapide des capacités des micro-drones, il devient envisageable de leur confier ce type de tâche. Un tel choix modifie les données d’acquisition : on passe d’un ensemble restreint de photos de qualité, soigneusement acquises par l’opérateur, à une séquence d'images à cadence vidéo, sujette à des variations de qualité image dues, par exemple, au bougé et au défocus.Les données vidéo posent problème aux logiciels de photogrammétrie du fait de la combinatoire élevée engendrée par le grand nombre d’images. Nous proposons d’exploiter l’intégralité des images en deux étapes. Au cours de la première, la reconstruction 3D est obtenue en sous-échantillonnant temporellement la séquence, lors de la seconde, la restitution haute résolution de texture est obtenue en exploitant l'ensemble des images. L'intérêt de la texture est de permettre de visualiser des détails fins du modèle numérisé qui ont été perdus dans le bruit géométrique de la reconstruction. Cette augmentation de qualité se fait via des techniques de Super Résolution (SR).Pour atteindre cet objectif nous avons conçu et réalisé une chaîne algorithmique prenant, en entrée, la séquence vidéo acquise et fournissant, en sortie, un modèle 3D de la scène avec une texture sur-résolue. Cette chaîne est construite autour d’un algorithme de reconstruction 3D multi-vues de l’état de l’art pour la partie géométrique.Une contribution centrale de notre chaîne est la méthode de recalage employée afin d’atteindre la précision sub-pixellique requise pour la SR. Contrairement aux données classiquement utilisées en SR, nos prises de vues sont affectées par un mouvement 3D, face à une scène à géométrie 3D, ce qui entraîne des mouvements image complexes. La précision intrinsèque des méthodes de reconstruction 3D est insuffisante pour effectuer un recalage purement géométrique, ainsi nous appliquons un raffinement supplémentaire par flot optique. Le résultat de cette méthode de restitution de texture SR est d'abord comparée qualitativement à une approche concurrente de l’état de l’art.Ces appréciations qualitatives sont renforcées par une évaluation quantitative de qualité image. Nous avons à cet effet élaboré un protocole d’évaluation quantitatif de techniques de SR appliquées sur des surfaces 3D. Il est fondé sur l'utilisation de mires fractales binaires, initialement proposées par S. Landeau. Nous avons étendu ces idées au contexte de SR sur des surfaces courbes. Cette méthode est employée ici pour valider les choix de notre méthode de SR, mais elle s'applique à l'évaluation de toute texturation de modèle 3D.Enfin, les surfaces spéculaires présentes dans les scènes induisent des artefacts au niveau des résultats de SR en raison de la perte de photoconsistence des pixels au travers des images à fusionner. Pour traiter ce problème nous avons proposé deux méthodes correctives permettant de recaler photométriquement nos images et restaurer la photoconsistence. La première méthode est basée sur une modélisation des phénomènes d’illumination dans un cas d'usage particulier, la seconde repose sur une égalisation photométrique locale. Les deux méthodes testées sur des données polluées par une illumination variable s'avèrent effectivement capables d'éliminer les artefactsMulti-view 3D reconstruction techniques have reached industrial level maturity : non-expert users are now able to use commercial software to produce quality, large scale, 3D models. These reconstructions use top of the line sensors such as LIDAR or DSLR cameras, mounted on tripods and moved around the scene. Such protocols are not designed to efficiently inspect large infrastructures with complex geometry. As the capabilities of micro-drones progress at a fast rate, it is becoming possible to delegate such tasks to them. This choice induces changes in the acquired data : rather than a set of carefully acquired images, micro-drones will produce a video sequence with varying image quality, due to such flaws as motion blur and defocus. Processing video data is challenging for photogrammetry software, due to the high combinatorial cost induced by the large number of images. We use the full image sequence in two steps. Firstly, a 3D reconstruction is obtained using a temporal sub-sampling of the data, then a high resolution texture is built from the full sequence. Texture allows the inspector to visualize small details that may be lost in the noise of the geometric reconstruction. We apply Super Resolution techniques to achieve texture quality augmentation. To reach this goal we developed an algorithmic pipeline that processes the video input and outputs a 3D model of the scene with super resolved texture. This pipeline uses a state of the art 3D reconstruction software for the geometric reconstruction step. The main contribution of this pipeline is the image registration method used to achieve the sub-pixel accuracy required for Super Resolution. Unlike the data on which Super Resolution is generally applied, our viewpoints are subject to relative 3D motion and are facing a scene with 3D geometry, which makes the motion field all the more complex. The intrinsic precision of current 3D reconstruction algorithms is insufficient to perform a purely geometric registration. Instead we refine the geometric registration with an optical flow algorithm. This approach is qualitatively to a competing state of the art method. qualitative comparisons are reinforced by a quantitative evaluation of the resulting image quality. For this we developed a quantitative evaluation protocol of Super Resolution techniques applied to 3D surfaces. This method is based on the Binary Fractal Targets proposed by S. Landeau. We extended these ideas to the context of curved surfaces. This method has been used to validate our choice of Super Resolution algorithm. Finally, specularities present on the scene surfaces induce artefacts in our Super Resolution results, due to the loss of photoconsistency among the set of images to be fused. To address this problem we propose two corrective methods designed to achieve photometric registration of our images and restore photoconsistency. The first method is based on a model of the illumination phenomena, valid in a specific setting, the second relies on local photometric equalization among the images. When tested on data polluted by varying illumination, both methods were able to eliminate these artefacts
30
Boutouili, Mohieddine. "Etude statistique expérimentale d'une combustion turbulente en couche limite." Poitiers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988POIT2336.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Etude portant sur la combustion d'un premelange propane-air injecte a travers une paroi poreuse dans un ecoulement de gaz brule confine dans une veine de section constante. Mesures de la temperature fluctuante par thermocouple fin et de la vitesse par anemometrie doppler-laser
31
Rodriguez, Delphy. "Caractérisation de la pollution urbaine en Île-de-France par une synergie de mesures de surface et de modélisation fine échelle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS341.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
L’impact sanitaire lié à la pollution de l’air nécessite une estimation précise de celle-ci. Les réseaux de stations de mesures des agences de surveillance de la qualité de l’air (AIRPARIF en Île-de-France) ne sont pas suffisamment denses pour renseigner sur l’hétérogénéité de la pollution en ville. Et, les modèles haute résolution simulant les champs de concentration de polluants en 3D ont une large couverture spatiale mais sont limités par leurs incertitudes. Ces deux sources d’information exploitées indépendamment ne permettent pas d’évaluer finement l’exposition d’un individu. Nous proposons deux approches pour résoudre ce problème : (1) par la mesure directe des polluants avec des capteurs mobiles à bas coût et des instruments de référence. Des niveaux de pollution très variables ont été constatés entre les microenvironnements et dans une même pièce. Ces capteurs devraient être déployés en grand nombre pour palier à leurs contraintes techniques. Les instruments de référence, très coûteux et volumineux, ne peuvent être utilisés que ponctuellement. (2) en combinant les concentrations simulées par le modèle Parallel Micro-SWIFT-SPRAY (PMSS) à Paris avec une résolution horizontale de 3 mètres et les mesures des stations de surface AIRPARIF. Nous avons déterminé des « zones de représentativité » - zones géographiques où les concentrations sont très proches de celle de la station - uniquement à partir des sorties du modèle PMSS. Ensuite, nous avons développé un modèle bayésien pour propager la mesure des stations dans ces zonesThe harmful effects of air pollution need a high-resolution concentration estimate. Ambient pollutant concentrations are routinely measured by surface monitoring sites of local agencies (AIRPARIF in Paris area, France). Such networks are not dense enough to represent the strong horizontal gradients of pollutant concentrations over urban areas. And, high-resolution models that simulate 3D pollutant concentration fields have a large spatial coverage but suffer from uncertainties. Those both information sources exploited independently are not able to accurately assess an individual’s exposure. We suggest two approaches to solve this problem : (1) direct pollution measurement by using low cost mobile sensors and reference instruments. A high variability across pollution levels is shown between microenvironments and also in the same room. Mobile sensors should be deployed on a large scale due to their technical constraints. Reference instruments are very expensive, cumbersome, and can only be used occasionally. (2) by combining concentration fields of the Parallel Micro-SWIFT-SPRAY (PMSS) model over Paris at a horizontal resolution of 3 meters with AIRPARIF local ground stations measurements. We determined “representativeness areas” - perimeter where concentrations are very close to the one of the station location – only from PMSS simulations. Next, we developed a Bayesian model to extend the stations measurements within these areas
32
Almusaly, Kumail M. "Painting our conflicts: A Thematic Analysis Study on The role of artists in peacemaking and conflict resolution." NSUWorks, 2017. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd/60.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Artists have involved with their different styles and approaches to help resolving conflicts all over the world. They help in raising awareness of different conflicts through their activities that engage people with art. The creative elements of the art also help in exploring various means of conflict resolution and problem solving (Lumsden, 1997). This study examines the role of artist in society in the framework of conflict resolution and peacemaking. A qualitative research method is used in this research, which in result provides a better understanding of the work of Middle Eastern artists. The research includes in-depth interviews with two artists from the Gulf countries: Abbas Almosawi; a Bahraini artist, and Abdulnasser Gharem; a Saudi artist. The focus of this research is to identify the roles that artists play in society with respect to conflict resolution and peacemaking. Through utilizing a thematic analysis method to analyze the data, the finding identified six roles the artist plays in the society: 1) Observation. 2) Identifying problems. 3) reflection. 4) Partnering with NGO’s. 5) Leadership. 6) Influence. The research is also an attempt to shed the light on aspects that can help conflict resolution practitioners to apply the arts for their benefits and increase the effectiveness of their work. The research includes examples of art activities as well as artworks from various artists from the Middle East that show the level of involvement of art in conflict resolution and peacemaking.
33
Shiels, Rebecca Anne. "Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of silica and polymer supported catalysts for the production of fine chemicals." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29629.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Chemical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.Committee Chair: Dr. Christopher Jones; Committee Member: Dr. Dennis Hess; Committee Member: Dr. Hang Lu; Committee Member: Dr. Marcus Weck; Committee Member: Dr. Pradeep Agrawal. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
34
Vacinova, Jitka. "Etudes structurales des oxydes de platine par les méthodes de diffusion anomale et de D. A. F. S." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10185.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nous avons entrepris les etudes structurales de deux systemes d'oxydes de platine: ba/pt/o et bi/pb/pt/o par diffraction electronique et par diffraction des rayons x. Nous avons developpe les techniques experimentales de diffraction anomalous fine structure (dafs) et de diffraction anomale afin de les appliquer aux etudes de materiaux sous forme de monocristaux ou sous forme de poudres. Pour les mesures de dafs nous avons propose deux procedures experimentales differentes: le mode de diffraction multi-monochromatique et le mode de diffraction dispersive. L'information selective des diffuseurs anomaux localises dans des sites cristallographiques differents ou dans des sites de basse symetrie locale est extraite par une procedure d'affinement de multi-longueurs d'onde
35
Deogade, Ajinkya 1989. "Fine-grained model of the sensorimotor control underlying Drosophila larval chemotaxis." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/665160.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Chemotaxis is a powerful paradigm to study how sensory stimulations
drive orientation behaviors in an organism. Drosophila larvae navigate
odor gradients by controlling the duration of runs and the direction of
turns. A turn is preceded by lateral head sweeps (“casts”) that sample the
stimulus from the surroundings. In addition, larvae correct their course
towards the odor source during runs, a phenomenon called “weathervaning”.
Peristaltic waves that propagate along the body axis drive forward
run events. We showed that the peristaltic wave cycle acts as a natural unit
of movement and sets a physical constraint on the amount of reorientation
achieved during runs. Moreover, head-casts are strictly observed within
the bounds of the peristaltic cycle that can be categorized into either runcasts
or stop-casts based on the presence or absence of the peristaltic wave
respectively. Integrating behavioral experiments and extracellular electrophysiological
recordings from the olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs), we
observed a remarkable ability of larva to sense, to process and to act at
short timescales of head-casts. In particular, we found that the larval sensorimotor
system is able to modulate the amplitude of stop-casts based on
the changes in the OSN firing rate during casts. Finally, integrating models
for OSN activity, peristaltic locomotion, and behavioral quantification,
we built an agent-based model that recapitulates essential aspects of larval
chemotactic behavior. Overall, our findings provide a new formalism
to study larval sensorimotor control. Additionally, we developed a high
spatiotemporal resolution larval tracker with an ability to detect and precisely
stimulate individual sensory organs. The tracker is highly effective
tool to discern neural basis of behaviors occurring at short timescales in
Drosophila larvae and other model systems.La quimiotaxis es un poderoso paradigma para estudiar en un organismo comportamientos de orientación derivados de estímulos sensoriales. La larva de la Drosophila navega por gradientes de olor gracias al control de la duración y la dirección de sus giros. El giro va precedido por barridos laterales de la cabeza (“head-casts”) que muestrean estímulos de los alrededores de la larva. Además, las larvas corrigen su trayectoria en dirección a la fuente de olor, un fenómeno llamado “weathervaning”. Movimientos peristálticos que se propagan por el eje del cuerpo conducen a carreras (runs) hacia adelante. Demostramos que los ciclos de ondas peristálticas actúan como unidades naturales del movimiento y establecen un límite físico en cuanto a la cantidad de reorientaciones conseguidas en una carrera. Además, los “head-casts” sólo se observan en los límites de los ciclos peristálticos que pueden ser categorizados en “run-cast” o “stopcast” basándonos en la presencia o ausencia de ondas peristálticas respectivamente. Asimismo, hemos descubierto que la magnitud del “stop-cast” es mayor al encontrarse con un estímulo positivo y menor al detectar un cambio negativo. Combinando experimentos de comportamiento y registros de electrofisiología extracelulares en neuronas sensoriales del olfato (OSNs), hemos observado una remarcable habilidad en la larva para sentir, procesar y actuar en escalas a corto tiempo durante los “head-casts”. Combinando un modelo para la actividad de OSN, un modelo para la locomoción peristáltica, y la cuantificación del comportamiento, hemos construido un modelo “agent-based” que recapitula aspectos esenciales del comportamiento quimiotáctico de la larva. En general, nuestro estudio aporta un nuevo formalismo para estudiar el control sensomotor de la larva. De la misma manera, hemos desarrollado un rastreador de larvas espacio-temporal de alta resolución con habilidad para detectar y estimular con precisión órganos sensoriales. El rastreador nos permite investigar el papel del muestreo activo y el olfato estéreo en transformaciones sensomotoras durante la quimiotaxis de la larva.
36
Risterucci, Paul. "Coupling of electron spectroscopies for high resolution elemental depth distribution profiles in complex architectures of functional materials." Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ECDL0047/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Ce travail de thèse est focalisé sur la détermination, de manière non-destructive, d'interfaces profondément enterrées dans des empilements multi-couches utilisés dans les conditions de technologie réelles au travers d'une méthode innovante basée sur la photoémission avec utilisation de rayons-x de haute énergie (HAXPES) et l'analyse du fond continu inélastique. Au cours de cette thèse, une procédure numérique a été développée pour quantifier la correspondance entre la mesure du fond continu faite par HAXPES et la simulation du fond continu représentative d'une distribution en profondeur donnée. Cette méthode permet de trouver la distribution en profondeur d'un élément grâce à une procédure semi automatisée. Dans un premier temps cette méthode a été testée en étudiant une couche ultra fine de lanthane enterrée à une profondeur >50 nm dans un dispositif de grille métallique high-k. L'influence des paramètres utilisés lors de l'analyse y est étudiée et révèle l'importance principale d'un paramètre en particulier, la section efficace de diffusion inélastique. La combinaison de mesures HAXPES avec l'analyse du fond continu inélastique utilisant cette nouvelle méthode permet d'augmenter la profondeur de sonde jusqu'à un niveau sans précédent. Ainsi l'échantillon peut être sondé jusqu'à 65 nm sous la surface avec une haute sensibilité à une couche nanométrique. Dans un second temps, la méthode précédemment validée d'analyse de fond continu inélastique est combinée avec une étude haute résolution des niveaux de cœur dans un échantillon servant de source dans un transistor à haute mobilité. Les deux analyses sont complémentaires puisqu'elles permettent d'obtenir la distribution en profondeur des éléments ainsi que leur environnement chimique. Le résultat donne une description complète des diffusions élémentaires dans l'échantillon suivant les différentes conditions de recuitThis thesis tackles the challenge of probing in a non-destructive way deeply buried interfaces in multilayer stacks used in technologically-relevant devices with an innovative photoemission method based on Hard X-ray PhotoElectron Spectroscopy (HAXPES) and inelastic background analysis. In this thesis, a numerical procedure has been implemented to quantify the matching between a HAXPES measured inelastic background and a simulated inelastic background that is representative of a given depth distribution of the chemical elements. The method allows retrieving depth distributions at large depths via a semi-automated procedure. First, this method has been tested by studying an ultra-thin layer of lanthanum buried at depth >50 nm in a high-k metal gate sample. The influence of the parameters involved in the analysis is studied unraveling the primary importance of the inelastic scattering cross section. The combination of HAXPES with inelastic background analysis using this novel method maximizes the probing depth to an unprecedented level, allowing to probe the sample up to 65 nm below the surface with a high sensitivity to a nm-thick layer. Second, the previously-checked inelastic background analysis is combined with that of high resolution core-level spectra in the case of the source part of a high electron mobility transistor. The two analyses are complementary as they allow retrieving the elemental depth distribution and the chemical state, respectively. The result gives a complete picture of the elemental intermixing within the sample when it is annealed at various temperatures
Denne afhandling omhandler problemet med at probe dybt begravede grænseflader i multilags stacks, som bruges i teknologisk relevante devices, med en innovativ fotoemissions metode, der er baseret på Hard X-ray PhotoElectron Spectroscopy (HAXPES) og analyse af den uelastiske baggrund. I afhandlingen er en numerisk procedure blevet implementeret til at kvantificere forskellen mellem en HAXPES målt uelastisk baggrund og en modelleret baggrund, som svarer til en given dybdefordeling af atomerne. Metoden muliggør, med en halv-automatisk procedure, at bestemme dybdefordelingen i store dybder. Metoden er først blevet testet ved at studere et ultra-tyndt lag af lanthan, som er begravet i en dybde > 50 nm i en high-k-metal-gate prøve. Indflydelsen af parametrene der ingår i analysen er blevet studeret for at opklare den primære betydning af det anvendte uelastiske spredningstværsnit. Kombinationen af HAXPES med analyse af den uelastiske baggrund og brug af den nye numeriske metode giver en hidtil uset probe-dybde, som giver mulighed for at probe den atomare sammens ætning i op til 65 nm dybde under overfladen og med høj følsomhed af et kun nm tykt lag. Dernæst er den uelastiske baggrundsanalyse blevet kombineret med højopløst core-level spektroskopi for at studere de aktive dele i en høj-elektronmobilitets transistor. De to analyser er komplementære, idet de henholdsvis bestemmer den atomare fordeling og atomernes kemiske bindingstilstand. Resultatet giver et fuldstændigt billede af atomernes omfordeling i prøven når denne opvarmes til forskellige temperaturer
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TAYLOR, SHAWN. "SPEED AND RESOLUTION IN THE AGE OF TECHNOLOGICAL REPRODUCIBILITY." VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3888.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The rate of acceleration of the biologic and synthetic world has for a while now, been in the process of exponentially speeding up, maxing out servers and landfills, merging with each other, destroying each other. The last prehistoric relics on Earth are absorbing the same oxygen, carbon dioxide and electronic waves in our biosphere as us. A degraded .jpeg enlarged to full screen on a Samsung 4K UHD HU8550 Series Smart TV - 85” Class (84.5” diag.). Within this composite ecology, the ancient limestone of the grand canyon competes with the iMax movie of itself, the production of Mac pros, a YouTube clip from Jurassic park, and the super bowl halftime show. A search engines assistance with biographic memory helps our bodies survive new atmospheres and weigh the gravities that exist around the versions of an objects materiality. Communication has moved from our vocal chords, to swipes and taps of our thumbs on a screen that predicts the weather, accesses the hidden, invisible, and withdrawn information from the objects around us, and still ducks up what we are trying to say. This txt was written on a tablet returned to stock settings and embedded with content to mine the experience in which mediated technology creates, communicates and obscures new forms of language. Life in a new event horizon — a dimensional dualism that finds us competing for genetic and mimetic survival — we are now functioning as different types of humans.
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Torres, Villa Robinsón Alberto. "Instrumental techniques for improving the measurements based on Quartz Crystal Microbalances (Técnicas instrumentales para mejorar las mediciones con microbalanzas de cuarzo)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/17323.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
L'Electrogravimetria AC empra una microbalança de quars electroquímica (EQCM) en règim dinàmic. En l'EQCM un dels elèctrodes d'or depositats sobre el cristall és recobert amb una fina pelolícula d'un polímer electroactiv i és emprat com a elèctrode de treball (WE) dins d'una celola electroquímica. Les variacions de la freqüència de ressonància de la microbalança de quars (QCM) permeten obtindre la resposta massa associada amb la transferència de càrrega que es dóna en la interfície polímer-electròlit. L'Electrogravimetria AC va ser proposta a fi de caracteritzar i separadament identificar el moviment dels ions i el solvent en la interfície polímer-electròlit. En esta tècnica s'analitza en el domine de la freqüència la resposta de massa davant de xicotetes pertorbacions de voltatge gràcies a l'ocupació de la microbalança de quars en règim dinàmic. Per a este propòsit s'aplica una xicoteta pertorbació sinusoidal superposada a una tensió contínua, entre l'elèctrode de referència i l'elèctrode de treball de la celola. Posteriorment, es pot dibuixar la funció de transferència electrogravimètrica (EGTF), definida esta com la raó (?m/?E) entre l'amplitud dels canvis de massa induïts (?m) i l'amplitud de la pertorbació sinusoïdal aplicada (?E). Esta funció de transferència se dibuixa en un pla complex per a cada una de les freqüències de la senyal de pertorbació. Les distintes espècies iònicas involucrades són identificades en el pla complex per mitjà de bucles característics sempre que els bucles no se superposen.
Per mitjà d'esta tesi doctoral es proposa un nou sistema de conversió de freqüència-tensió basat en un doble ajust de freqüència implementat amb un PLL mesclant elements analògics i digitals (AD PLL). Els resultats trobats tant en la caracterització electrònica del dispositiu com en la fase experimental proven la fiabilitat del sistema per als mesuraments realitzats en la tècnica d'Electrogravimetria AC.Torres Villa, RA. (2007). Instrumental techniques for improving the measurements based on Quartz Crystal Microbalances (Técnicas instrumentales para mejorar las mediciones con microbalanzas de cuarzo) [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/17323
Palancia
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Ganoe, Kristy L. "Mindful Movement as a Cure for Colonialism." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1367936488.
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Schmitt, Daniel. "Condicionantes para a aplicação da sanção administrativa de multa sobre o infrator pessoa física, no mercado de seguros privados fiscalizado pela SUSEP." Daniel Schmitt, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/18089.
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This paper deals with the repressive regime in the private insurance market ('MSP'), supervised by SUSEP – Superintendência de Seguros Privados. The research focus is to investigate the structure and the application of the norms that govern SUSEP's regulatory activity, regarding the application of the administrative sanction of fine on the individual offender. The administrative accountability in these cases is analyzed. For that, the theory of sanctioning is dealt with, dealing with the violation and the administrative sanction, especially the administrative penalty of fine. Some of the main principles of administrative sanctioning law are also highlighted, such as due process, lawfulness, characteristics and culpability. It also addresses the issue of relativisation of legality in special compliance regimes. These issues are displayed in an environment of sectoral regulation, therefore, contextualizing the sanctioning power of regulatory agencies. The repressive regime of the MSP is systematized. It identifies the National Council of Private Insurance (CNSP), the Resource Council of the National Private Insurance System (CRSNSP) and SUSEP. The normative archetype of the repressive regime of the MSP is presented, especially CNSP Resolution 243/11. A confrontation between SUSEP's guidelines and decisions of the CRSNSP in the opposite direction is made, regarding the imposition of the administrative penalty of fine on the individual offender, due to its administrative responsibility. At the end, as an outcome of the research, a set of constraints that ensure a more consistent application of the administrative penalty of fines on individuals - when considered as offenders in the MSP – is proposed.
O presente trabalho aborda o regime repressivo no mercado de seguros privados ('MSP'), fiscalizado pela Superintendência de Seguros Privados (SUSEP). O problema de pesquisa é investigar a estrutura e a aplicação das normas que regem a atividade regulatória da SUSEP, no que toca a aplicação da sanção administrativa de multa sobre o infrator pessoa física. Analisa-se a responsabilização administrativa realizada nestes casos. Para tanto, aborda-se a teoria da sanção, tratando do ilícito e da sanção administrativa, em especial da penalidade administrativa de multa. Alguns princípios informadores do direito administrativo sancionador também são destacados, tais como o devido processo legal, a legalidade, a tipicidade e a culpabilidade. Aborda-se, também, a questão da relativização da legalidade nos regimes de sujeição especial. Estas questões são expostas em um ambiente de regulação setorial, portanto, contextualizando-se o poder sancionador dos órgãos reguladores. É realizada a sistematização do regime repressivo do MSP. Identifica-se o Conselho Nacional de Seguros Privados (CNSP), o Conselho de Recursos do Sistema Nacional de Seguros Privados (CRSNSP) e a SUSEP. O arquétipo normativo do regime repressivo do MSP é descrito, destacando-se a Resolução CNSP no 243/11. Realiza-se um confronto entre orientações da SUSEP e decisões do CRSNSP em sentido contrário, a respeito da imposição da sanção administrativa de multa sobre o infrator pessoa física, em razão da sua responsabilização administrativa. Ao final, como resultado de pesquisa, propõe-se um conjunto de condicionantes que asseguram uma aplicação juridicamente mais consistente da penalidade administrativa de multa sobre as pessoas físicas, quando consideradas como infratores no MSP.
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Sengele, Loic. "Etude des modes octupolaires dans le noyau atomique de 156Gd : recherche expérimentale de la symétrie tétraédrique." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAE038/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Les symétries géométriques jouent un rôle important dans la compréhension de la stabilité de tout système physique. En structure nucléaire, elles sont reliées à la forme du champ moyen utilisé pour décrire les propriétés des noyaux atomiques. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous avons utilisé les prédictions obtenues avec l'aide du Hamiltonien du champ moyen nucléaire avec le potentiel de Woods-Saxon Universel pour étudier les effets des symétries dites de « Haut-Rang ». Ces symétries ponctuelles mènent à des dégénérescences des états nucléaires d’ordre 4. Il est prédit que la symétrie tétraédrique influence la stabilité des noyaux proches des nombres magiques tétraédriques [Z,N]=[32,40,56,64,70,90-94,136]. Nous avons sélectionné la région des Terres-Rares proche du noyau doublement magique tétraédrique 154Gd pour notre étude. Dans cette région, il existe des structures de parité négative qui sont mal comprises. Or la symétrie tétraédrique, en tant que déformation octupolaire non-axiale, brise la symétrie par réflexion et doit produire des états de parité négative. Après une étude systématique des propriétés expérimentales des noyaux de la région, nous avons sélectionné le 156Gd comme objet de notre étude des modes d’excitation octupolaire. Nous avons utilisé les probabilités réduites de transition gamma pour discerner ces différents modes. Pour atteindre cet objectif, nous avons réalisé trois expériences de spectroscopie gamma à l’ILL de Grenoble avec les détecteurs EXILL et GAMS afin de mesurer les durées de vie et les intensités des transitions gamma des états candidats. L'analyse de nos résultats montre que notamment la forme tétraédrique aide à comprendre les probabilités des transitions dipolaires. Ce résultat ouvre de nouvelles perspectives expérimentales et théoriquesGeometrical symmetries play an important role in the understanding of all physical systems. In nuclear structure they are linked to the shape of the mean-field used to describe the atomic nuclei properties. In the framework of this thesis, we have used the predictions obtained with the help of the nuclear mean-field Hamiltonian with the Universal Woods-Saxon potential to study the effects of the so-called “High-Rank” symmetries. These point-group symmetries lead to a nuclear state degeneracy of the order of 4. It is predicted that the tetrahedral symmetry affects the stability of nuclei close to the tetrahedral magic numbers [Z,N]=[32,40,56,64,70,90-94,136]. We have selected the Rare-Earth region close to the tetrahedral doubly magic nucleus 154Gd for our study. In this region, there exists negative parity structures poorly understood. Yet the tetrahedral symmetry, as related to a non-axial octupole deformation, breaks the reflection symmetry and leads to the negative parity states. Following a systematics of experimental properties of the nuclei in this region, we have selected 156Gd as the object of our study for the octupole excitation modes. We have used the reduced transitions probabilities to discriminate between these modes. To achieve this goal, we have performed three gamma spectroscopy experiments at the ILL in Grenoble with the EXILL and GAMS detectors to measure the lifetimes and the gamma transition intensities from the candidate states. The analysis of our results shows that including the tetrahedral shape helps to understand the dipole transition probabilities. This result will open new experimental and theoretical perspectives
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Dolman, Gary Stuart. "Dynamics of Sydney's urban bushland from fine resolution pollen analysis." Phd thesis, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/142475.
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Chi, Hsin-Lan, and 紀馨嵐. "Comparison and Improvement for Fine Resolution Frequency Estimation from DFT Samples." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/54521263728355712956.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士國立中興大學
通訊工程研究所
100
The parameter estimation of complex sinusoidal waveform under white noise usually consists of two stages. The first stage is the coarse search which searches the maximum magnitude in the N-point discrete Fourier transform (DFT) from an input of N samples. The second stage is the fine search which searches around the peak determined in the first stage. To date, the Candan method is the best method for fine search using DFT coefficient interpolation. It uses three DFT coefficients to achieve high resolution frequency estimation. It is derived from Jacobsen’s estimation equation and added a bias correction term to increase its accuracy. The correction term is effective for the high SNR and adds almost no additional computational cost. Therefore, it can be used in all SNR levels. This thesis presents three methods that reduce the number of DFT coefficients used in the estimation and three methods that use the same number of samples as in Candan method. In the experiments, the biases and the root mean square (RMS) errors of the six methods are compared with those of Candan method. We show that our methods can be better than Candan method and both the bias and RMS error can be improved significantly.
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Kim, Yunhee. "Improving Ozone SIP Modeling in Complex Terrain at a Fine Grid Resolution." 2010. http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/714.
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Meteorological variables such as temperature, wind speed, wind directions, and Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) heights have critical implications for air quality simulations. Sensitivity simulations with five different PBL schemes associated with three different Land Surface Models (LSMs) were conducted to examine the impact of meteorological variables on the predicted ozone concentrations using the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) version 4.5 with local perspective. Additionally, the nudging analysis for winds was adopted with three different coefficients to improve the wind fields in the complex terrain at 4-km grid resolution. The simulations focused on complex terrain having valley and mountain areas for ozone SIPs (State Implementation Plans). The ETA M-Y (Mellor-Yamada) and G-S (Gayno-Seaman) PBL schemes were identified as favorite options and promote O3 formation causing the higher temperature, slower winds, and lower mixing height among sensitivity simulations in the area of study.
It was found that PX simulation did not always give optimal meteorological and CMAQ model performances at mountain sites. The results of nudging analysis for winds with three different increased coefficients’ values (2.5, 4.5, and 6.0 x 10-4 per second) over seven sensitivity simulations show that the meteorological model performance was enhanced due to improved wind fields, indicating the FDDA (Four Dimensional Data Assimilation) nudging analysis can improve model performance considerably at 4-km grid resolution. Specifically, the sensitivity simulations with the coefficient value (6.0 x 10–4) yielded more substantial improvements than with the other values (2.5 and 4.5 x 10-4). Hence, choosing the nudging coefficient of 6.0 x 10-4 per second for winds in MM5 may be the best choice to improve wind fields as an input, as well as, better model performance of CMAQ in the complex terrain area.
The sensitivity of RRFs (Relative Response Factors) to the PBL scheme may be considerably significant with about 1-3 ppb in difference in determining whether the attainment test is passed or failed. Finally, a finer grid resolution was necessary to evaluate and access of CMAQ results for giving a detailed representation of meteorological and chemical processes in the regulatory modeling.
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Wu, Chia-chun, and 吳佳蒓. "High Resolution Vernier Delay Line Measurement Circuit with Coarse and Fine Detection Mechanism." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47126641261305334803.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士國立雲林科技大學
電子與光電工程研究所碩士班
101
This thesis presents a fine and course delay mechanism detects high resolution VDL(Vernier Delay Line, VDL) study of the measurement circuit, with fine course detection mechanism, greatly reducing the measurement time in order to improve the operating speed so that the measurement circuit can detect with high resolution simultaneously measured analyses with fast, related information, and can reach every one stabilization delay time to ensure data accuracy. The circuit design, but the principle of using a vernier caliper, making the two signals through two different delay times, respectively, the cumulative detection, resulting in slight delay time difference, in order to achieve a very high resolution. This thesis presents a fine course detection mechanisms HD VDL design and analysis, improve the traditional vernier delay line circuit in the high-resolution and low delay progression can not take into account the problems; but also to improve the measurement circuit in the high-request the necessary analytical measurement time consuming. This paper proposed a fine course detection mechanism of the high-resolution vernier delay line circuit, the input signal is first detected after the first phase of coarse vernier delay line circuit, rapid test detected after the interval, and then through the control circuit, respectively, after two delays will delay the second phase of the signal sent to the fine detection VDL obtain more precise measurement results, and finally by the parallel input serial output circuit outputs the resulting value for observation. In order to verify the effectiveness of the circuit thesis, we combine VDL and metastability phenomena, to design a fine course detection mechanism VDL high-resolution measurement of the metastable state circuitry. The D flip-flop circuit as a test, measure the time of occurrence of metastable, the simulation process in 0.18 μm CMOS 1.8V, the operating frequency of 100MHz, the delay unit 16 only the detection mechanism can be in the small the time difference reached 2.0ps resolution, measurement range extended 220ps. Compared with traditional vernier delay line circuit, greatly saving delay element progression and measurement time, and simultaneously measuring circuit on the wafer, the layout of the simulation results are also consistent with the layout of the front reach.
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Shevchenko, Artem. "Fine Structure of the Isoscalar Giant Quadrupole Resonance from High-Resolution Inelastic Proton Scattering Experiments." Phd thesis, 2005. http://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/607/1/diss_shevchenko.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the present work the phenomenon of fine structure in the region of the isoscalar giant quadrupole resonance in a number of heavy and medium-heavy nuclei is systematically investigated for the first time. High energy-resolution inelastic proton scattering experiments were carried out in September-October 2001 and in October 2003 at the iThemba LABS cyclotron facility in South Africa with an incident proton energy of 200 MeV. The obtained data with the energy resolution of 50 keV FWHM revealed the appearance of fine structure in all the nuclei studied (58Ni, 89Y, 90Zr, 120Sn, 142Nd, 166Er, 208Pb), thereby establishing the global character of this phenomenon. Fine structure can be described using characteristic energy scales, appearing as a result of the decay of collective modes towards the compound nucleus through a hierarchy of couplings to complex degrees of freedom. For the extraction of the characteristic energy scales from the spectra an entropy index method and a novel technique based on the wavelet analysis are utilized. The global analysis of available data shows the presence of three groups of scales, according to their values. To the first group belong the scales with the values around and below 100 keV, which were detected in all the nuclei studied. The second group contains intermediate scales in the range of 100 keV to 1 MeV. These scales show large variations depending on the nuclear structure of the nucleus. The largest scales above 1 MeV are classified to the third group, describing the global structure of the resonance (the width). The interpretation of the observed scales is realized via the comparison with microscopic model calculations including the coupling of the initial one-particle–one-hole excitations to more complex configurations. A qualitative agreement of the experimentally observed scales with those obtained from the theoretical predictions supports the suggestion of the origin of fine structure from the coupling to the two-particle–two-hole states. However, quantitatively, large deviations are observed for the values of scales given by different models. A more detailed study of the physical nature of extracted scales is provided with the help of the quasiparticle-phonon model and extended time-dependent Hartree-Fock model, which allow to separate the contributions from different damping mechanisms. The main source of the observed scales is identified to arise from the collective damping mechanism, which is the coupling to low-lying surface vibrations. This conforms with the doorway picture of the damping of giant resonances. At the same time, through the comparison with a model of stochastic coupling to many particle-hole states some generic features of the non-collective damping mechanism could be extracted.
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Lu, Youyu. "A fine-resolution barotropic model of the North Atlantic driven by wind and atmospheric pressure forcing /." 1994. http://collections.mun.ca/u?/theses,67911.
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Barr, Cameron Stewart. "Droughts and flooding rains: a fine-resolution reconstruction of climatic variability in Western Victoria, Australia, over the last 1500 years." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/65582.
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The purpose of this study was to reconstruct climatic change of the last two millennia in western Victoria using fossil diatoms as the primary proxy. Due to their short life span and sensitivity to changing water chemistry, diatoms are ideal for reconstructing short term changes in suitable environments. The primary aim of the project was to redress a paucity of highly-resolved climate studies from the Australian mainland and represents one of the first sub-decadally resolved studies of its kind in this regard. Sediments from two crater lakes were examined from the volcanic province of western Victoria. The study region is influenced by El Niño-Southern Oscillatio (ENSO), the Indian Ocean Dipole and the Southern Annular Mode and is currently experiencing the most severe and prolonged drought since instrumental records began (Murphy and Timbal, 2008; Ummenhofer et al., 2009). The two study lakes – Lake Elingamite and Lake Surprise – have differing morphology and catchment history and lie approximately 100 km apart. Lake Elingamite is a broad, currently shallow (maximum depth = 3.4 m), oligosaline (3470 μS/cm) maar lake which shows evidence of significant catchment and lake disturbance since European settlement in the region. A 178 cm core was retrieved from this lake, representing a ca. 1500 year record. Lake Surprise is one of only two “true crater lakes” in the western Victorian volcanic province (Timms, 1975). It is fresh (220 μS/cm) with a maximum depth of 12 m and has a more complex morphometry than Lake Elingamite. It is located within a National Park and does not have the same degree of catchment disturbance as Lake Elingamite. Two cores were retrieved from Lake Surprise, a frozen spade core of the most recent sediments and a hammer-driven piston core of the older sediments. The combination of both cores provide a 344 cm record of the last ca. 1425 years. Cores from both lakes were sampled contiguously for fossil diatom analysis. In order to quantitatively reconstruct palaeo-conductivity fluctuations from the study sites, a diatom-conductivity transfer function was developed with an intentionally short conductivity gradient, using only sites with a conductivity < 22,000 μS/cm in the modern calibration set (min: 81 μS/cm; max: 21,540 μS/cm; SD: 5592.7 μS/cm). The resulting model is robust, with a jack-knifed r² of 0.89 and an RMSEP of 0.238 log μS/cm (equating to 9.8% of gradient length), which compares favourably to other diatomconductivity or salinity transfer functions. At a sample-specific level, reconstruction confidence was tested by squared-chord distance using the modern analogue technique tool. The Lake Surprise diatom-inferred (DI) conductivity record shows a good coherence
with the Palmer Drought Severity Index developed for south-eastern Australia for the 20th Century (Ummenhofer et al., 2009), confirming the lake’s climatic sensitivity. Comparisons between DI conductivity and instrumental climate data were not possible for Lake Elingamite due to the degree of recent lake and catchment disturbance. Importantly, the climate signal evident in the full Lake Surprise record is replicated in the Lake Elingamite record, indicating that the lakes are reflecting a common, regionalscale, climate forcing. Lake Surprise proved to be the more sensitive of the lakes and, in places where the DI
reconstruction has poor modern analogues, the interpretation is supported by the Lake Elingamite record. Results show a strong centennial-scale agreement with a reconstruction of El Niño events from Ecuador (Moy et al., 2002), confirming the influence of ENSO on the climate of the study region. At decadal-scale, the DI conductivity record provides a history of drought frequency, intensity and duration enabling the current drought to be viewed in an historical perspective for the first time.
Results demonstrate that, while the current drought is unusual in terms of its severity and duration, it is not unprecedented. At centennial-scale, evidence is presented of extended periods of dry and wet climates, including a prolonged humid period prior to European settlement in the study region.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Social Sciences, 2010
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Schneider, Thomas [Verfasser]. "Wideband impedance spectrum analyzer with arbitrary fine frequency resolution for in situ sensor applications / von Thomas Schneider." 2009. http://d-nb.info/996423206/34.
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Meng, Qingmin. "Fine spatial resolution forest inventory for Georgia remote sensing based geostatistical modeling and K nearest neighbor method /." 2006. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/meng%5Fqingmin%5F200612%5Fphd.
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