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1
Hokkinen, Lasse, Teemu Mäkelä, Sauli Savolainen, and Marko Kangasniemi. "Computed tomography angiography-based deep learning method for treatment selection and infarct volume prediction in anterior cerebral circulation large vessel occlusion." Acta Radiologica Open 10, no. 11 (November 2021): 205846012110603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20584601211060347.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background Computed tomography perfusion (CTP) is the mainstay to determine possible eligibility for endovascular thrombectomy (EVT), but there is still a need for alternative methods in patient triage. Purpose To study the ability of a computed tomography angiography (CTA)-based convolutional neural network (CNN) method in predicting final infarct volume in patients with large vessel occlusion successfully treated with endovascular therapy. Materials and Methods The accuracy of the CTA source image-based CNN in final infarct volume prediction was evaluated against follow-up CT or MR imaging in 89 patients with anterior circulation ischemic stroke successfully treated with EVT as defined by Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction category 2b or 3 using Pearson correlation coefficients and intraclass correlation coefficients. Convolutional neural network performance was also compared to a commercially available CTP-based software (RAPID, iSchemaView). Results A correlation with final infarct volumes was found for both CNN and CTP-RAPID in patients presenting 6–24 h from symptom onset or last known well, with r = 0.67 ( p < 0.001) and r = 0.82 ( p < 0.001), respectively. Correlations with final infarct volumes in the early time window (0–6 h) were r = 0.43 ( p = 0.002) for the CNN and r = 0.58 ( p < 0.001) for CTP-RAPID. Compared to CTP-RAPID predictions, CNN estimated eligibility for thrombectomy according to ischemic core size in the late time window with a sensitivity of 0.38 and specificity of 0.89. Conclusion A CTA-based CNN method had moderate correlation with final infarct volumes in the late time window in patients successfully treated with EVT.
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Batista, Elsa, Isabel Godinho, George Rodrigues, and Doreen Rumery. "Validation of the Photometric Method Used for Micropipette Calibration." NCSL International measure 13, no. 1 (2021): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.51843/measure.13.1.4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There are two methods generally used for calibration of micropipettes: the gravimetric method described in ISO 8655-6:2002 and the photometric method described in ISO 8655-7:2005. In order to validate the photometric method, several micropipettes of different capacities from 0.1 µL to 1000 µL were calibrated using both methods (gravimetric and photometric) in two different laboratories, IPQ (Portuguese Institute for Quality) and Artel. These tests were performed by six different operators. The uncertainty for both methods was determined and it was verified that the uncertainty component that has a higher contribution to the final uncertainty budget depends on the volume delivered. In the photometric method for small volumes, the repeatability of the pipette is the largest uncertainty component, but for volumes, larger than 100 µL, the photometric instrument is the most significant source of uncertainty. Based on all the results obtained with this study, one may consider the photometric method validated.
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Koopman, Miou S., Olvert A. Berkhemer, Ralph R. E. G. Geuskens, Bart J. Emmer, Marianne A. A. van Walderveen, Sjoerd F. M. Jenniskens, Wim H. van Zwam, et al. "Comparison of three commonly used CT perfusion software packages in patients with acute ischemic stroke." Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery 11, no. 12 (June 15, 2019): 1249–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/neurintsurg-2019-014822.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background and purposeCT perfusion (CTP) might support decision making in patients with acute ischemic stroke by providing perfusion maps of ischemic tissue. Currently, the reliability of CTP is hampered by varying results between different post-processing software packages. The purpose of this study is to compare ischemic core volumes estimated by IntelliSpace Portal (ISP) and syngo.via with core volumes as estimated by RAPID.MethodsThirty-five CTP datasets from patients in the MR CLEAN trial were post-processed. Core volumes were estimated with ISP using default settings and with syngo.via using three different settings: default settings (method A); additional smoothing filter (method B); and adjusted settings (method C). The results were compared with RAPID. Agreement between methods was assessed using Bland–Altman analysis and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Accuracy for detecting volumes up to 25 mL, 50 mL, and 70 mL was assessed. Final infarct volumes were determined on follow-up non-contrast CT.ResultsMedian core volume was 50 mL with ISP, 41 mL with syngo.via method A, 20 mL with method B, 36 mL with method C, and 11 mL with RAPID. Agreement ranged from poor (ISP: ICC 0.41; method A: ICC 0.23) to good (method B: ICC 0.83; method C: ICC 0.85). The bias (1.8 mL) and limits of agreement (−27, 31 mL) were the smallest with syngo.via with additional smoothing (method B). Agreement for detecting core volumes ≤25 mL with ISP was 54% and 57%, 85% and 74% for syngo.via methods A, B, and C, respectively.ConclusionBest agreement with RAPID software is provided by syngo.via default settings with additional smoothing. Moreover, this method has the highest agreement in categorizing patients with small core volumes.
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Wu, Chen-Sen, Lawrence L. Latour, and Steven Warach. "Clinically Meaningful MRI Perfusion Abnormalities in Acute Stroke: Comparison of Analytic Techniques." Stroke 32, suppl_1 (January 2001): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/str.32.suppl_1.339-a.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
P2 Background: MRI perfusion imaging (PWI) can demonstrate hemodynamic abnormalities in acute stroke. The volume of hypoperfusion derived from calculated perfusion parameter maps has been used to predict tissue at risk for infarction and to identify presumptive ischemic penumbra. It is unclear how best to distinguish true tissue at risk from benign hypoperfusion. A first step toward this goal is identifying clinically significant PWI abnormalities in stroke patients. Our purpose was to evaluate four different perfusion parameter maps to determine which algorithm best correlates with clinical severity. Methods: Twenty patients were retrospectively selected from our database. Selection criteria included 1) acute hemispheric lesion, 2) MRI within 24 hours of symptom onset, and 3) no history of prior stroke. Perfusion maps were derived using four different algorithms to estimate relative mean transit time (rMTT): 1) cerebral blood volume (CBV) / cerebral blood flow (CBF), 2) CBV / peak of the concentration-time curve, 3) time to peak (TTP), and 4) ratio of the 1 st / 0 th moment of the transfer function (first moment method). Abnormal perfusion volumes were derived from ever-increasing thresholds of rMTT delay relative to normal contralateral tissue. The volumes at each delay threshold were correlated with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) for each algorithm. Results: Significant correlations between hypoperfusion volumes and NIHSS were found for all algorithms. The first moment method had the highest correlation (r = 0.76) and the correlations for this method were independent of the delay threshold used to derive the volumes. For the other algorithms, the best correlations were observed for volumes including only voxels with delays of 4 seconds or greater. Conclusions: This analysis suggests that the first moment method may have advantages over the others in determining the correlation of hypoperfusion volume to NIHSS. Further analyses correlating acute hypoperfusion volumes to final infarct volumes may help refine the choice of best analytic method for determining clinically relevant PWI abnormalities.
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Ward, Jeffrey S., George R. Stephens, and Francis J. Ferrandino. "Influence of Cutting Method on Stand Growth in Sawtimber Oak Stands." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 22, no. 1 (March 1, 2005): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/22.1.59.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Many upland oak forests in the eastern United States are approaching economic and biological maturity. A study was established in 1981–1984 in three central Connecticut forests to examine the effects of six distinct cutting methods (shelterwood, diameter limit, multiaged crop tree, high grading, silvicultural clearcut, forest preserve) on stand growth and dynamics in sawtimber oak stands. Board-foot volumes (International 1/4) averaged 8.4 mbf/ac before the initial harvest. Sixty-nine percent of sawtimber trees had butt-log grades of 2 or better. Volume growth was significantly lower on high grading plots (36 bf/ac/year) than on the forest preserve, diameter limit, shelterwood, and multiaged crop tree plots (∼214 bf/ac/year) through two cutting cycles. Total board-foot yield (final volumes plus harvested volumes) for the silvicultural clearcut plots (7.3 mbf/ac) was significantly lower than for uncut, shelterwood, and diameter limit cuts, 12.3, 12.5, and 13.0 mbf/ac, respectively. This study showed that three distinct cutting methods: shelterwood, multiaged crop tree, and forest preserve resulted in similar stand volume growth rates in sawtimber oak stands. The first two methods can be used by landowners who wish to generate income to offset expenses. The choice will depend on the aesthetic and regeneration goals of the landowner. Diameter-limit cutting also had similar volume rates, but it was necessary to lower the diameter limits for the second cutting cycle to maintain economically viable harvests. As a consequence, residual stand structure after the second cutting cycle was similar to that for the high grading plots. Although high grading had the highest harvested volume during the first cutting cycle, low quality of residual trees and depressed stand growth rates indicate it is not a viable option for long-term forest management. North. J. Appl. For. 22(1):59–67.
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Jeong, Jaecheol, Suyeon Jeon, and Yong Seok Heo. "An Efficient Stereo Matching Network Using Sequential Feature Fusion." Electronics 10, no. 9 (April 28, 2021): 1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10091045.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Recent stereo matching networks adopt 4D cost volumes and 3D convolutions for processing those volumes. Although these methods show good performance in terms of accuracy, they have an inherent disadvantage in that they require great deal of computing resources and memory. These requirements limit their applications for mobile environments, which are subject to inherent computing hardware constraints. Both accuracy and consumption of computing resources are important, and improving both at the same time is a non-trivial task. To deal with this problem, we propose a simple yet efficient network, called Sequential Feature Fusion Network (SFFNet) which sequentially generates and processes the cost volume using only 2D convolutions. The main building block of our network is a Sequential Feature Fusion (SFF) module which generates 3D cost volumes to cover a part of the disparity range by shifting and concatenating the target features, and processes the cost volume using 2D convolutions. A series of the SFF modules in our SFFNet are designed to gradually cover the full disparity range. Our method prevents heavy computations and allows for efficient generation of an accurate final disparity map. Various experiments show that our method has an advantage in terms of accuracy versus efficiency compared to other networks.
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Wiig, H., M. DeCarlo, L. Sibley, and E. M. Renkin. "Interstitial exclusion of albumin in rat tissues measured by a continuous infusion method." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 263, no. 4 (October 1, 1992): H1222—H1233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1992.263.4.h1222.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Steady-state 125I-labeled rat serum albumin (125I-labeled RSA) concentration in plasma was maintained by intravenous infusion of tracer for 72-168 h with an implanted osmotic pump. At the end of the infusion period, the rat was anesthetized and nephrectomized, and extracellular fluid was equilibrated with intravenous 51Cr-labeled EDTA for 4 h. Five minutes before final plasma and tissue sampling, 131I-labeled bovine serum albumin (131I-labeled BSA) was injected intravenously as a plasma volume marker. Samples of skin, muscle, tendon, and intestine were assayed for all three tracers. Apparent distribution volumes were calculated as tissue tracer content/plasma tracer concentration. Interstitial fluid volume (Vi) was calculated as V51Cr-EDTA-V131I-BSA. Steady-state extravascular distribution of 125I-labeled RSA as plasma equivalent volume (Va,p) was calculated as V125I-RSA-V131I-BSA. Steady-state interstitial fluid concentrations of 125I-labeled RSA in skin, muscles, and tendon were measured with nylon wicks implanted postmortem, and steady-state interstitial albumin distribution volumes were recalculated as wick-fluid equivalent volumes (Va,w). Relative albumin exclusion fraction (Ve/Vi) was calculated as 1-Va,w/Vi. For skin and muscle, steady-state 125I-labeled RSA tissue concentrations were reached at 72 h. Ve/Vi for albumin averaged 26% in hindlimb muscle, 41% in hindlimb skin, 30% in back skin, 39% in tail skin, and 54% in tail tendon. For muscle, Ve/Vi corresponds to expectation if all tissue collagen and hyaluronan is dispersed in the interstitium. However, for skin and tendon, albumin exclusion is considerably lower than expected on this basis, suggesting that much of their collagen is organized into dense bundles of fibers containing no fluid accessible to 51Cr-labeled EDTA or 125I-labeled RSA.
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Hrušková, M., and J. Skvrnová. "Use of maturograph and spring oven for the dermination of wheat flour baking characteristics." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 21, No. 2 (November 18, 2011): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3479-cjfs.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Quality characteristics of 30 commercial wheat flour samples from Czech industrial mills and 30 wheat flour samples prepared from wheat varieties cultivated in experimental fields (all from wheat harvest 2000) were analysed in detail including maturograph and spring oven (both from Brabender, Germany) as well as bread baking test (Czech method). Specific bread volumes of all flour samples were compared with the bread volumes determined by the oven spring test. The correlation analysis which expressed the relations between wheat flour rheological characteristics and the bread volume is reported. The maturograph parameters correlate significantly with the specific bread volume and the final volume obtained by means of oven spring. All the correlations with the baking test values are high. Both instruments used are suitable for the prediction of the flour baking quality.
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Calbo, Adonal Gimenez, and Amauri Alves Nery. "Methods for Measurement of Gas Volume of Fruits and Vegetables." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 120, no. 2 (March 1995): 217–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.120.2.217.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Theory is presented for a differential mass-volume technique to measure non-destructively gas volume (Vg) changes, based only on the initial and final masses and volumes of an organ. Volume was measured using Archimedes' principle, but a non-invasive image analysis procedure could be an improvement. A reduction in Vg during the ripening of `Kada' tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) fruits, and irreversible Vg changes of 0.02, 0.29, 0.66, 1.2, and 1.3 ml for mature-green fruits compressed by 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5. and 10 mm for 5 minutes indicates the potential of this procedure. The method was compared with other methodologies using sweetpotato (Ipomea batatas L.) root segments subjected to vacuum water infiltration. The results were similar to the pycnometric method. The gasometric method underestimated Vg for roots in which the intercellular air volumes where blocked by the water used for infiltration, and large overestimation occurred with the traditional infiltration technique without correction for water absorption. Absolute Vg values were also estimated by semi-pycnometry (defined as the difference between the organ volume measured by water immersion and the organ volume without Vg measured with a pycnometer, after its maceration and elimination of gas bubbles with vacuum). Semi-pycnometry applied to tomato and bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruits, where the use of tissue segments limits the pycnometric method, and in sweetpotatoes, where the gasometric method overestimates Vg, generated results that were consistently similar to the differential mass-volume method.
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Santos, R. S., D. P. A. Peña, D. D. S. Diniz, G. A. Costa, J. G. A. Queiroz, and S. R. F. Neto. "Brick Drying Simulations by Finite Volume Method." Materials Science Forum 930 (September 2018): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.930.115.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There are numerous studies on the application of ceramic materials, such as bricks, in the various engineering and manufacturing fields. Ceramic bricks are manufactured from humidified clay and are classified as structural ceramics. When exposed to drying the process is not precisely controlled, defects such as cracks, deformations and warping can arise, which compromise the final physical and structural properties of the product. Seeking to solve the procedure through simulations, this work presents a numerical study on a brick drying. A three-dimensional transient model is presented to predict the temperature of the holed ceramic brick and the distribution of the humidity content in a drying situation inside a temperature controlled oven, the heat transfer and mass phenomena are present. As simulations were done in the ANSYS CFX® program, which uses the Finite Volumes Method and presented satisfactory results when compared with the experimental works.
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Wahlers, Richard L., James D. Burton, Eleanor P. Maness, and Walter A. Skroch. "A stem cut and blade delivery method of herbicide application for weed control." Weed Science 45, no. 6 (December 1997): 829–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500089037.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Greenhouse and field studies were conducted to investigate the responses of container-grown dogfennel, multiflora rose, and purple loosestrife to clopyralid or triclopyr applied to plants from a pruning shear blade. Clopyralid or triclopyr was diluted with water to various concentrations and placed on one side of a pruning shear blade in final volumes of either 1 or 5 μl. The shears were then used to sever and treat stems. Results indicated that 20% triclopyr concentrations in 5-μl total volume (360 μg active) gave ≥ 96% reductions of foliar regrowth in dogfennel, multiflora rose, and purple loosestrife 70, 42, and 56 days after treatment (DAT), respectively. The same delivery rate for clopyralid gave 96% dogfennel control 70 DAT. Subsequent visual ratings with multiflora rose (105 DAT) and purple loosestrife (260 DAT) confirmed that early reductions in biomass were good indicators of long-term control.
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Haryono, Ahmad Fauzan. "FINAL PIT PLANNING COAL MINING IN 16 PHASE 2 SEAMS IN PT. KTC COAL MINING & ENERGY, KECAMATAN. PALARAN, SAMARINDA, EAST KALIMANTAN." Al-Fiziya: Journal of Materials Science, Geophysics, Instrumentation and Theoretical Physics 2, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/fiziya.v2i2.12775.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mining stage design which is a complex problem in terms of three-dimensional geometry that is always changing, then in this thesis the pit limit, mine sequence design or mining stages are in accordance with the tolerance stripping ratio recommended by the company and the production equipment to be used in order to obtain production targets the optimal. The research was conducted using software to design the final pit and block model method to calculate the volume. The results of the research that have been carried out obtained 752,930 MT of mined reserves and Over Burden (OB) volumes of 4,439,394 BCM and Stripping Ratio (SR).
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Le, Minh, Srinivas R. Geedipally, Kay Fitzpatrick, and Raul E. Avelar. "Estimating Pedestrian Volumes for Signalized and Stop-Controlled Intersections." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 9 (July 7, 2020): 799–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198120932161.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Pedestrian fatal crashes in the U.S. have increased over the years. From 2007 to 2016, pedestrian fatalities increased 27% nationally, while all other traffic fatalities decreased 14%. On average, a pedestrian was killed every 1.5 h in traffic crashes in 2016. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) has been working with public agencies toward developing more data-driven approaches to identify and mitigate pedestrian safety issues. However, pedestrian exposure to risk is not readily available. The absence of pedestrian exposure data makes it challenging to identify and prioritize high-crash risk locations. Using Dallas, Texas, as a case study, researchers wanted to use exposure in relation to volumes—both vehicular and pedestrian volume—to determine pedestrian risk. Although the vehicular volume is extensively available, the pedestrian volume is seldom available. The objective of this study is to explore options for collecting or estimating pedestrian volume data, particularly at intersections with high pedestrian activity. Researchers successfully developed a direct-demand model that estimates pedestrian volumes at signalized and stop-controlled intersections. The final model showed that pedestrian volume: increases 4 times within downtown; increases 12% per school within 1 mi of intersection; increases 4.8 times per 1% increase in commercial/multi-family residential land uses within 300 ft of intersection; increases 4.7 times with presence of higher education, hospitals, or malls; and decreases 36% per 5 mph increase in the intersections’ maximum posted speed limit. This research can help advance pedestrian safety analyses by providing a method of estimating pedestrian volumes for intersections by control type, particularly when volumes are infeasible to measure.
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Ikner, Luisa A., Marcela Soto-Beltran, and Kelly R. Bright. "New Method Using a Positively Charged Microporous Filter and Ultrafiltration for Concentration of Viruses from Tap Water." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77, no. 10 (March 25, 2011): 3500–3506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02705-10.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACTThe methods used to concentrate enteric viruses from water have remained largely unchanged for nearly 30 years, with the most common technique being the use of 1MDS Virozorb filters followed by organic flocculation for secondary concentration. Recently, a few studies have investigated alternatives; however, many of these methods are impractical for use in the field or share some of the limitations of this traditional method. In the present study, the NanoCeram virus sampler, an electropositive pleated microporous filter composed of microglass filaments coated with nanoalumina fibers, was evaluated. Test viruses were first concentrated by passage of 20 liters of seeded water through the filter (average filter retention efficiency was ≥99.8%), and then the viruses were recovered using various salt-based or proteinaceous eluting solutions. A 1.0% sodium polyphosphate solution with 0.05 M glycine was determined to be the most effective. The recovered viruses were then further concentrated using Centricon Plus-70 centrifugal ultrafilters to a final volume of 3.3 (±0.3 [standard deviation]) ml; this volume compares quite favorably to that of previously described methods, such as organic flocculation (∼15 to 40 ml). The overall virus recovery efficiencies were 66% for poliovirus 1, 83% for echovirus 1, 77% for coxsackievirus B5, 14% for adenovirus 2, and 56% for MS2 coliphage. In addition, this method appears to be compatible with both cell culture and PCR assays. This new approach for the recovery of viruses from water is therefore a viable alternative to currently used methods when small volumes of final concentrate are an advantage.
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Fenton, R. A., H. B. Moeller, S. Nielsen, B. L. de Groot, and M. Rützler. "A plate reader-based method for cell water permeability measurement." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 298, no. 1 (January 2010): F224—F230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00463.2009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cell volume and water permeability measurements in cultured mammalian cells are typically conducted under a light microscope. Many of the employed approaches are time consuming and not applicable to a study of confluent epithelial cell monolayers. We present here an adaptation of a calcein-quenching-based approach for a plate reader. A standard curve of fluorescence intensities at equilibrium has been recorded, following a shift from 285 mosmol/kgH2O to a series of altered extracellular osmolyte concentrations, ranging from final concentrations of 185 to 585 mosmol/kgH2O, by changing buffer d-mannitol concentrations. Similarly, according average cell volumes have been measured in suspension in a Coulter counter (particle-sizing device). Based on these measurements, we have derived an equation that facilitates the modeling of cell volume changes based on fluorescence intensity changes. We have utilized the method to study the role of a carboxyl-terminus aquaporin (AQP)-2 phosphorylation site, which is known to affect AQP2 membrane trafficking, in heterologous type I Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. We find that water permeability in cells expressing phosphorylation site mutants was in the following order: AQP2-S256D > AQP2 wild-type > AQP2-S256A. We propose that the method can be applied to study AQP function and more generally to study cell volume changes in adherent cell lines. Furthermore, it should be adaptable for AQP inhibitor screening in chemical compound libraries.
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Wang, Tong, Ying Li, Shengtao Yu, and Yu Liu. "Estimating the Volume of Oil Tanks Based on High-Resolution Remote Sensing Images." Remote Sensing 11, no. 7 (April 3, 2019): 793. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11070793.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this study is to obtain oil tank volumes from high-resolution satellite imagery to meet the need to measure oil tank volume globally. A preprocessed remote sensing HSV image is used to extract the shadow of the oil tank by Otsu thresholding, shadow area thresholding, and morphological closing. The oil tank shadow is crescent-shaped. Hence, a median method based on sub-pixel subdivision positioning is used to calculate the shadow length of the oil tank and then determine its height with high precision. The top of the tank and its radius in the image are identified using the Hough transform. The final tank volume is calculated using its height and radius. A high-resolution Gaofen 2 optical remote sensing image is used to evaluate the proposed method. The actual height and volume of the tank we tested were 21.8 m and 109,532 m3. The experimental results show that the mean absolute error of the height of the tank calculated by the median method is 0.238 m, the relative error is within 1.15%, and the RMES is 0.23. The result is better than the previous work. The absolute error between the calculated and the actual tank volumes ranges between 416 and 3050 m3, and the relative error ranges between 0.38% and 2.78%. These results indicate that the proposed method can calculate the volume of oil tanks with high precision and sufficient accuracy for practical applications.
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Semrud-Clikeman, Margaret, Jodene Goldenring Fine, Jesse Bledsoe, and David C. Zhu. "Regional Volumetric Differences Based on Structural MRI in Children With Two Subtypes of ADHD and Controls." Journal of Attention Disorders 21, no. 12 (December 8, 2014): 1040–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054714559642.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare groups of children with two subtypes of ADHD and controls on selected regions using volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures. Children with ADHD were expected to have smaller volumes of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and caudate. Parent behavioral rating measures of hyperactivity were predicted to relate to the volume of the caudate and attention with the ACC. Method: There were a total of 74 children in the final sample (27 controls, 25 ADHD:Combined type [ADHD:C], 22 ADHD:Inattentive type [ADHD:I]). Results: Findings indicated that the ADHD:C group had bilaterally smaller volumes of the caudate and ACC compared with the other two groups. In addition, parent ratings of attention and hyperactivity significantly predicted the right volume of the ACC, whereas hyperactivity ratings predicted the volume of the right caudate. Analysis of the ADHD groups without the control confirmed these findings. Conclusion: These findings indicate that different structures are related to the ADHD subtypes and suggest that they may be different phenotypes.
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Tokarieva, O. V. "Features of application of timber harvest methods in the forests of Ukraine." Ukrainian Journal of Forest and Wood Science 12, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/forest2021.01.004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper, we present the basic features of final felling in Ukraine. Prevailing timber harvest methods and their areas were considered. For analyzing the volumes of modern forest exploitation were data from permits for final felling on actual cuttings in of all forestry enterprises of Ukraine. Studies were conducted for the period 2019-2020. It was installed that clearcutting is the main timber harvest method (95 % in Kyiv region, 45 % in Lviv region). Among other methods, the leading place is shelterwood. During the study period, only two (uniform and strip) and three (group) reception of shelterwood were recorded. The areas of stands designed for shelterwood final felling are significantly lower than those defined by the rules. The use of the single tree selection method is more related to deciduous plantations, which indirectly indicates the predominance of deciduous stands of uneven-aged stands in Ukraine. Shelterwood and single tree selection removes methods are applied in Chernihiv, Chernivtsi, Ivano-Frankivsk, Kyiv, Lviv, Zakarpattia, Zhytomyr regions. A characteristic feature is the predominance of coniferous areas stands during clearcutting. Area of deciduous stands are larger compared to coniferous during shelterwood. Combined method is the less popular in Ukraine. It has been carried out at 9,4 hectares for two years. Average logging areas range from 1-2 hectares for clearcutting, 1-5 hectares for shelterwood and 2-8 hectares for combined method. Designed logging areas are significantly lower than those introduced by Ukrainian legislation. The implementation of the principles of close-to-nature forestry can be provided by reduction in the volume of clearcutting. Increasing of shelterwood and single tree selection methods, which are close-to-nature, will ensure the cultivation of mixed uneven-aged forest stands of high vigor, productivity and biological stability. Studies reflect regional and species features and benefits of timber harvest methods in the forests of Ukraine.
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Hwang, Chi Sang, Kum Whang, Hee Sung Chae, Hyun Su Lee, Chung Seok Lee, Young Joon Seo, and Dong-Joon Park. "Sphenoid Sinus Fat Packing in Transsphenoidal Surgery: Long-Term Fate Assessment Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging." Journal of Rhinology 27, no. 1 (May 31, 2020): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18787/jr.2019.00297.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background and Objectives: Following the transsphenoidal approach (TSA), appropriate sphenoid sinus fat packing has been preferred to prevent postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage; however, studies on the behavior of fat tissue transplanted in the sphenoid sinus are lacking. This study aimed to determine the long-term fate of these fat grafts using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Subjects and Method: A total of 139 postoperative MRI scans of 41 patients who underwent sphenoid sinus fat packing using the standard TSA were evaluated. Additionally, MRI time series indicating the vital fat volumes were assessed postoperatively.Results: In 82.9% of cases, the fat volumes measured in the final MRI scans declined to <20% of the initial volumes; only 4.9% of cases exhibited declines to >60% of the initial volume. The fat tissue volume decreased significantly with time, with a median half-life of 18 months. Typically, the sphenoid sinus was eventually almost filled with air rather than transplanted fat. In the subgroup analysis, the fat clearance rate was significantly lower in patients with residual tumors than in those without such remnants (p=0.013).Conclusion: Long-term MRI surveillance of fat grafts in the sphenoid sinus revealed that the transplanted fat graft had degraded and was gradually eliminated.
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Leskinen, Stephaney D., and Daniel V. Lim. "Rapid Ultrafiltration Concentration and Biosensor Detection of Enterococci from Large Volumes of Florida Recreational Water." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74, no. 15 (May 30, 2008): 4792–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00052-08.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT Monitoring recreational waters for fecal contamination by standard methodologies involves culturing indicator bacteria, such as fecal coliforms and enterococci. Delayed reporting of microbial water quality parameters increases the likelihood of public exposure to pathogens of fecal origin, making the development of rapid methods important for public health protection. A rapid assay for enterococci was developed using a combined ultrafiltration-biosensor procedure. Twelve 100-liter water samples were collected from upper Tampa Bay over a 9-month period. The samples were collected on site by dead-end hollow-fiber ultrafiltration. Postfiltration processing of the initial retentates included sonication and micrometer-level sieve passage to remove interfering particles. Centrifugation was utilized for secondary concentration. Grab samples were collected simultaneously with the ultrafiltered samples. Concentrations of enterococci in all grab and ultrafiltration samples were determined by the standard method (EPA method 1600) for calculation of recovery efficiencies and concentration factors. Levels of enterococci increased twofold in initial retentates and by 4 orders of magnitude in final retentates over ambient concentrations. An aliquot of each final retentate was adsorbed onto polystyrene waveguides for immunoassay analysis of enterococci with a microfluidic fiber optic biosensor, the Raptor. Enterococci were detected when concentrations in the ambient water exceeded the regulatory standard for a single sample (≥105 CFU/100 ml). The combined ultrafiltration-biosensor procedure required 2.5 h for detection compared to 24 for the standard method. This study demonstrated that enterococci can be detected rapidly using on-site ultrafiltration, secondary concentration, and biosensor analysis.
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Jia, Zhen Tang, and Yan Fang Han. "Volume Measurement of Deposits Based on Stereo Vision and SURF." Applied Mechanics and Materials 743 (March 2015): 533–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.743.533.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Based on the stereo vision principle, a volume measurement method of deposit is realized. The principle can be applied for the measurement of deposits with messy texture, such as rubbish, construction waste, and small mounds. After camera calibration and image rectification, the disparity of key points are calculated using SURF feature point matching, and the mismatched point pairs are kick out by the epipolar line constrain. Delaunay triangular meshes are created on the final point pairs. Then the volumes of deposit heap are calculated according to the pinhole imaging model. Experiments show that, despite the use of ordinary USB camera, the result is still relatively accurate. If cameras with high quality and high definition are used, the method can be applied to practical applications.
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Demirci, Mehmet, Ahmet Yeşil, and Pete Bettinger. "Using Mixed Integer Goal Programming in Final Yield Harvest Planning: A Case Study from the Mediterranean Region of Turkey." Forests 11, no. 7 (July 9, 2020): 744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11070744.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A mixed integer goal programming model is developed to address the regeneration planning problems of even-aged forests in the Mediterranean region of Turkey. The unique aspect of the goal programming formulation is to minimize deviations in scheduled wood product volumes and the size of harvest areas within each time period, as these are important goals for the management area. About 98% of the forests in Turkey are considered even-aged, and 2% are uneven-aged. Therefore, an age class method is used for the planning of even-aged forests. For the areas where this method is applied, reaching the optimal age class structure is the first priority. This involves implementing final harvests (clearcuts) to regenerate an amount of forest area into each age class. To meet the local market’s needs, forest enterprises also require the final yield to be fairly equal each year. Further, it is desired that the harvest area (regeneration area) is relatively equal each year, to address operational considerations. A linear goal programming model is developed to address the problem. The minimization of deviations from both the harvest area and harvest volume targets are incorporated as goals in the objective function of the model. Several scenarios are solved using the extended version of Lingo 16. A scenario with weights of 0.8 for area and 0.2 for volume produces the best results. Here, the total deviation for 20 years is 3.8 ha in area and 2889 m3 in volume. In the actual regeneration plan, the area deviation for 10 years is 54.72 ha (6.2% of total regeneration area), and the volume deviation is 20,472 m3 (9.8% of harvest volume). The model described through this study can be developed further and integrated into forest management planning software and processes used for the planning of even-aged forests in the Mediterranean region.
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Senior, Louise M., and Dunbar P. Birnie III. "Accurately Estimating Vessel Volume from Profile Illustrations." American Antiquity 60, no. 2 (April 1995): 319–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/282143.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The highly fragmented nature of most archaeological ceramic assemblages makes whole or reconstructible vessels valuable and rare finds. Vessel volume has rarely been systematically quantified because convenient reconstruction methods dealing with sherds and partial vessels have been lacking. Now, with the method presented in this paper, highly accurate volumetric capacities of fragmented vessels can be calculated from carefully prepared vessel profile illustrations. The profile is digitized using a small number of points per vessel (20 to 30 points are usually sufficient). These data are then converted to a volumetric measure using a computerized algorithm based on the geometry of stacked bevel-walled cylinders. This method of determining vessel volumes was tested and shown to be highly repeatable and accurate. Quantifiable sources of error are generally limited to less than one percent per vessel, with the final accuracy limited chiefly by the quality of illustration. With this computerized technique, fragmented vessels no longer need to be fully reconstructed in order to obtain volumetric information.
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Brezzi, Lorenzo, Edoardo Carraro, Davide Pasa, Giordano Teza, Simonetta Cola, and Antonio Galgaro. "Post-Collapse Evolution of a Rapid Landslide from Sequential Analysis with FE and SPH-Based Models." Geosciences 11, no. 9 (August 28, 2021): 364. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11090364.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Propagation models can study the runout and deposit of potential flow-like landslides only if a reliable estimate of the shape and size of the volumes involved in the phenomenon is available. This aspect becomes critical when a collapse has not yet occurred and the estimation of the unstable volume is not uniquely predictable. This work proposes a strategy to overcome this problem, using two established analysis methods in sequence; first, a Strength Reduction Method (SRM)-based 3D FEM allows the estimate of the instable volume; then, this data becomes an input for a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH)-based model. This strategy is applied to predict the possible evolution of Sant’Andrea landslide (North-Eastern Italian Alps). Such a complex landslide, which affects anhydrite–gypsum rocks and is strongly subject to rainfall triggering, can be considered as a prototype for the use of this procedure. In this case, the FEM–SRM model is adopted, which calibrates using mapping, monitoring, geophysical and geotechnical data to estimate the volume involved in the potential detachment. This volume is subsequently used as the input of the SPH model. In this second phase, a sensitivity analysis is also performed to complete the evaluation of the most reliable final soil deposits. The performed analyses allow a satisfactory prediction of the post-collapse landslide evolution, delivering a reliable estimate of the volumes involved in the collapse and a reliable forecast of the landslide runout.
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Um, Jumyung, Joungmin Park, and Ian Anthony Stroud. "Squashed-Slice Algorithm Based on STEP-NC for Multi-Material and Multi-Directional Additive Processes." Applied Sciences 11, no. 18 (September 7, 2021): 8292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188292.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Even though additive manufacturing is receiving increasing interest from aerospace, automotive, and shipbuilding, the legacy approach using tessellated form representation and cross-section slice algorithm still has the essential limitation of its inaccuracy of geometrical information and volumetric losses of final outputs. This paper introduces an innovative method to represent multi-material and multi-directional layers defined in boundary-representation standard model and to process complex sliced layers without missing volumes by using the proposed squashing operation. Applications of the proposed method to a bending part, an internal structure, and an industrial moulding product show the assurance of building original shape without missing volume during the comparison with the legacy method. The results show that using boundary representation and te squashing algorithm in the geometric process of additive manufacturing is expected to improve the inaccuracy that was the barrier of applying additive process to various metal industries.
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del-Campo-Sanchez, Ana, Miguel Moreno, Rocio Ballesteros, and David Hernandez-Lopez. "Geometric Characterization of Vines from 3D Point Clouds Obtained with Laser Scanner Systems." Remote Sensing 11, no. 20 (October 12, 2019): 2365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11202365.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The 3D digital characterization of vegetation is a growing practice in the agronomy sector. Precision agriculture is sustained, among other methods, by variables that remote sensing techniques can digitize. At present, laser scanners make it possible to digitize three-dimensional crop geometry in the form of point clouds. In this work, we developed several methods for calculating the volume of vine wood, with the final intention of using these values as indicators of vegetative vigor on a thematic map. For this, we used a static terrestrial laser scanner (TLS), a mobile scanning system (MMS), and six algorithms that were implemented and adapted to the data captured and to the proposed objective. The results show that, with TLS equipment and the algorithm called convex hull cluster, the volumes of a vine trunk can be obtained with a relative error lower than 7%. Although the accuracy and detail of the cloud obtained with TLS are very high, the cost per unit for the scanned area limits the application of this system for large areas. In contrast to the inoperability of the TLS in large areas of terrain, the MMS and the algorithm based on the L1-medial skeleton and the modelling of cylinders of a certain height and diameter have solved the estimation of volumes with a relative error better than 3%. To conclude, the vigor map elaborated represents the estimated volume of each vine by this method.
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Cai, Kun, and Shi Jiao. "Volumes Constrained Layout Optimization of a Continuum with Multiple Materials." Key Engineering Materials 480-481 (June 2011): 619–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.480-481.619.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A sequencing approach is presented to deal with the layout optimization of a continuum with multiple materials. Commonly, a structure may not have only one type of solid phase, e.g., steel-reinforced concrete structure. To have an excellent mechanical performance of the structure, the layout of the steel-lips should be optimized. It is difficult to solve such kind of optimization problem by traditional method, especially, the number of phases is big. In this work, a criterion method is presented and the essentials of the method are as follows. For example, a structure with many materials, however, initially is set to be with the same solid which is stiffest among the materials. Firstly, the field of strain energy density (SED) of structure is obtained by finite element analysis (FEA). Secondly, the sequence of the SEDs of elements is complemented. Thirdly, according to the order of the SEDs, the material of the elements with lower SED is replaced with the softer material. To keep the stability of algorithm, only a small part of elements is changed in each update. As the amount of a material reaches its critical values, the final layout of the material in structure is obtained. Fourthly, repeat the process for different phases, the layout optimization of the structure is completed until all of the amounts of materials reach their critical values. Finally, numerical examples on volumes constrained optimizations are given to demonstrate the validity and efficiency of the present method.
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Carignan, Germain, Karen Carrier, and Stephen Sved. "Assay of Oxytetracycline Residues in Salmon Muscle by Liquid Chromatography with Ultraviolet Detection." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 76, no. 2 (March 1, 1993): 325–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/76.2.325.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract A novel method for the assay of oxytetracycline residues in salmon muscle is described. Tissue is homogenized with 4 volumes of 1 % metaphosphoric acid in the presence of a small amount of dichloromethane (0.4 volume), shaken, and centrifuged. The residue is washed twice (4 and 2 volumes, respectively) with 1 % metaphosphoric acid, and the combined aqueous supernatants are concentrated to about 2 mL by flash evaporation and then diluted to 5 mL. Filtered aliquots of the extract are subjected to liquid chromatography using a C18 column with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-tetrahydrofuran- 0.025M aqueous oxalic acid (9 + 1 + 30) containing octanesulfonic acid at a final concentration of 10mM. Eluted peaks are monitored at 355 nm. Calibration and standard curves were linear from 0.01 to 0.5 μg on-column, with a limit of quantitation better than 0.05 μg/g. Recoveries from spiked blanks varied from 85.8 to 90.3% (relative standard deviation, 13.1-2.4%) in the 0.05-1.00 μg/g concentration range and were 21.1% at 0.02 μg/g.
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Zápalková, Petra, Václav Smítka, and Milan Mikoláš. "Comparison of Tacheometry and Laser Scanning Methods for Measuring the Quarry in Jakubčovice Nad Odrou / Porovnání Tachymetrie A Laserového Skenování Při Zaměření Části Lomu V Jakubčovicích Nad Odrou." GeoScience Engineering 57, no. 3 (September 1, 2011): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/gse-2014-0030.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The presented this method is more efficient for surveying a site. Part of this is the calculation of the volumes of excavated muck using 3D models and their comparison. The comparison of the measurements of part of the quarry in Jakubčovice nad Odrou using the tacheometry and laser scanning techniques was performed. The final assessment was in favour of the laser scanning method which provides capturing the entire object surface with a chosen level of detail compared to the tacheometry method, in which only characteristic points of the measured object, such as edges, are captured.
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Li, Yue En, Jun Zhao, W. Wang, and Q. Y. Cao. "A Mathematical Model of EEBP for HSM Surface Quality Prediction." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 2123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.2123.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The main purpose of this study was to construct a relationship between the cutting parameters and the machined surface on high speed milling operation. An optimization algorithm using an Exponential Equation and BP method (EEBP) is then applied to determine optimal cutting parameters. For using the method, once the material removal volumes for machined parts of the high speed milling operations are given, the surface quality could be predicted. The final result we choose the surface roughness prediction as an example of H13 dies steel HSM in this paper, it presents that the method is efficient and feasible.
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Gault, Baptiste, Frederic de Geuser, Leigh T. Stephenson, Michael P. Moody, Barrington C. Muddle, and Simon P. Ringer. "Estimation of the Reconstruction Parameters for Atom Probe Tomography." Microscopy and Microanalysis 14, no. 4 (July 4, 2008): 296–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927608080690.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The application of wide field-of-view detection systems to atom probe experiments emphasizes the importance of careful parameter selection in the tomographic reconstruction of the analyzed volume, as the sensitivity to errors rises steeply with increases in analysis dimensions. In this article, a self-consistent method is presented for the systematic determination of the main reconstruction parameters. In the proposed approach, the compression factor and the field factor are determined using geometrical projections from the desorption images. A three-dimensional Fourier transform is then applied to a series of reconstructions, and after comparing to the known material crystallography, the efficiency of the detector is estimated. The final results demonstrate a significant improvement in the accuracy of the reconstructed volumes.
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Senger, Anne B., and Timothy C. Mueser. "Rapid preparation of custom grid screens for crystal growth optimization." Journal of Applied Crystallography 38, no. 5 (September 15, 2005): 847–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889805019953.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Initial crystallization conditions are typically discovered using commercially available sparse-matrix screens. Positive results are then refined using some type of expansion tray. For example, coarse and shallow gradients can be prepared which vary single chemical parameters around the initial conditions in a grid-screen format. Expansion trays are customarily formulated using numerous volume calculations and pipetting stock solutions into individual wells. This tedious process is plagued by pipetting errors, including differences in viscosity, small volumes with large dilutions, evaporation and poor mixing. Here we present a simple method to standardize expansion-tray formats. Instead of using independent well-volume calculations, the initial and final conditions are formulated and gradients (A/B gradients) are prepared using standardized pipetting maps. These step gradients can be prepared by adding decreasing amounts of the initial (A) solution to consecutive wells followed by the addition of the final (B) solution with increasing volume. This simple idea can be applied to both coarse and shallow grids where the pipetting errors are confined within the boundaries defined by the A and B solutions. Programmable electronic pipettes and robotic liquid handlers can be used to prepare the standardized A/B gradients rapidly, regardless of the components, eliminating reprogramming between trays.
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Astudillo, Patricio, Peter Mortier, Johan Bosmans, Ole De Backer, Peter de Jaegere, Francesco Iannaccone, Matthieu De Beule, and Joni Dambre. "Automatic Detection of the Aortic Annular Plane and Coronary Ostia from Multidetector Computed Tomography." Journal of Interventional Cardiology 2020 (May 28, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9843275.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Anatomic landmark detection is crucial during preoperative planning of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) to select the proper device size and assess the risk of complications. The detection is currently a time-consuming manual process influenced by the image quality and subject to operator variability. In this work, we propose a novel automatic method to detect the relevant aortic landmarks from MDCT images using deep learning techniques. We trained three convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with 344 multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) acquisitions to detect five anatomical landmarks relevant for TAVI planning: the three basal attachment points of the aortic valve leaflets and the left and right coronary ostia. The detection strategy used these three CNN models to analyse a single MDCT image and yield three segmentation volumes as output. These segmentation volumes were averaged into one final segmentation volume, and the final predicted landmarks were obtained during a postprocessing step. Finally, we constructed the aortic annular plane, defined by the three predicted hinge points, and measured the distances from this plane to the predicted coronary ostia (i.e., coronary height). The methodology was validated on 100 patients. The automatic landmark detection was able to detect all the landmarks and showed high accuracy as the median distance between the ground truth and predictions is lower than the interobserver variations (1.5 mm [1.1–2.1], 2.0 mm [1.3–2.8] with a paired difference −0.5 ± 1.3 mm and p value <0.001). Furthermore, a high correlation is observed between predicted and manually measured coronary heights (for both R2 = 0.8). The image analysis time per patient was below one second. The proposed method is accurate, fast, and reproducible. Embedding this tool based on deep learning in the preoperative planning routine may have an impact in the TAVI environments by reducing the time and cost and improving accuracy.
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Zhu, Cai-Hui. "Post-construction settlement estimation and increased earthwork volumes calculation of high loess fill." Journal of Geo-Engineering Sciences 3, no. 1 (June 8, 2016): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jgs-150035.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this study, the post-construction settlement (PCS) area distribution of high fill was analyzed based with reference to a case history of an airport runway crossing a deep gully reclaimed by a thick fill of loess. Earthwork volumes (EV) attributed to PCS was calculated based on in-situ tests. Results showed that the uneven PCS were related to fill depth, construction time, fill rate, integrated compaction degree, and boundary conditions. An empirical equation that considers the aforementioned influence factors was established to calculate the final PCS of high fill. The surface PCS of high fill and the EV can be estimated according to the proposed empirical equation and the original site topography using the three-dimensional finite element method.
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Gaul, Florian, William D. Bugbee, Heinz R. Hoenecke, and Darryl D. D’Lima. "A Review of Commercially Available Point-of-Care Devices to Concentrate Bone Marrow for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis and Focal Cartilage Lesions." CARTILAGE 10, no. 4 (April 13, 2018): 387–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1947603518768080.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objective Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising cell-based therapy treatment option for several orthopedic indications. Because culture expansion of MSC is time and cost intensive, a bedside concentration of bone marrow (BM) aspirate is used as an alternative. Many commercial systems are available but the available literature and knowledge regarding these systems is limited. We compared different point-of-care devices that concentrate BM (BMC) by focusing on technical features and quality parameters to help surgeons make informed decisions while selecting the appropriate device. Methods We compared published data on the BMC devices of Arteriocyte, Arthrex, Celling Biosciences, EmCyte, Exactech, ISTO Tech, Harvest Tech/Terumo BCT, and Zimmer/BIOMET regarding technical features (centrifugation speed/time, input/output volume, kit components, type of aspiration syringes, filter usage) and quality parameters of their final BMC product (hematocrit, concentration of platelets and total nucleated cells, concentration of MSC and connective tissue progenitor cells). Results The systems differ significantly in their technical features and centrifugation parameters. Only the fully automated systems use universal kits, which allow processing different volumes of BM. Only the Arthrex system allows selection of final hematocrit. There was no standardized reporting method to describe biologic potency. Conclusions Based on the data obtained in this review, recommending a single device is not possible because the reported data could not be compared between devices. A standardized reporting method is needed for valid comparisons. Furthermore, clinical outcomes are required to establish the true efficacy of these systems. We are conducting additional studies for more careful comparison among the devices.
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Angelini, A., P. Accorsi, A. Iacone, T. Bonfini, C. Refè, A. Olivieri, U. Bodini, et al. "Concentration of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells in Bone Marrow Transplantation: Results of a Multicenter Study Using Baxter CS 3000 plus Cell Separator." International Journal of Artificial Organs 16, no. 5_suppl (May 1993): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039139889301605s03.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Preliminary BM processing to produce an enriched MNC fraction from large BM volumes improves subsequent pharmacological and/or immunological “ex vivo” treatment and cryopreservation. We detail on a multicenter study (6 Transplant Centers) performed to establish an effective and reliable protocol using a CS 3000 continuous flow separator on a large series of BM processed for autologous (96) and allogeneic (12) transplantation. The reduction in volume was 78.6+7.2% while 28.9+12.4% of the original nucleated cells were found in the final product. A mean of 84.3+13.2% of the starting MNC was yielded in a fraction containing over 81% MNC. Cloning efficiency indicated than the final graft was highly enriched in progenitor cells committed to the granulocyte/macrophage pathway (> 100%) as assessed in vitro (CFU-GM). Removal of RBC and PLT was 98.3+1.1 and 37.7+14.6%, respectively. The mean dose of MNC and CFU-GM was 0.6+0.37 x 108 and 0.96+1 x 108 recipient weight. The entire process was accomplished in 87.5+20 min. We concluded that this automated device is a simple and reproducible method for BM processing suitable as first step for further “ex vivo” automated negative and/or positive cell selections.
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Rylski, Bartosz, Florian Mayer, Friedhelm Beyersdorf, Stoyan Kondov, Maciej Kolowca, Maximilian Kreibich, and Martin Czerny. "How to minimize air embolisms during thoracic endovascular aortic repair with Relay Pro?" Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery 30, no. 2 (November 13, 2019): 293–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icvts/ivz261.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the volume of air released from Relay Pro NBS thoracic stent grafts using different de-airing methods. The gas volume was measured in an in vitro experimental setting. Stent grafts were de-aired via (i) standard saline flushing (40 ml), (ii) increased volume saline flushing (120 ml), (iii) carbon dioxide followed by 40 ml saline flushing and (iv) de-airing with 40 ml of saline in an ultrasound bath. The volume of gas released was measured separately while introducing the folded stent graft in the delivery device into the simulated aorta (step 1) and while deploying it outside the delivery device (step 2). Median air volumes released during steps 1 and 2 after flushing with 40 ml of saline were 0.09 (1st–3rd quartile 0.06–0.21) and 0.14 (0.11–0.15) ml, respectively. The volume of air released during step 2 was significantly less [0.09 (0.08–0.10) ml] after de-airing with 120 ml saline (P = 0.049). Neither de-airing with carbon dioxide nor in an ultrasonic bath led to a reduction in the volume of gas released during step 2. Air remaining after de-airing with a standard 40 ml of saline was released partially during stent graft introduction into the aorta and partially during final deployment. The most effective method of reducing air volume was de-airing with increased saline volume.
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Kaplin, M. I., T. R. Bilan, V. M. Makarov, and M. O. Perov. "Specific features of the application of cost form of the model of interproduct balance for determining the volume and price indicators of the development of energy sector and other branches of economy of the country." Problems of General Energy 2020, no. 3 (September 24, 2020): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/pge2020.03.022.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The deformation of price system due to the inflated prices for energy resources, raw materials and supplies has led to an unreasonable rise of prices for products, a decrease in the competitiveness of country's economy, a reduction of the demand for products and, consequently, their output. These factors have led to an increase in the share of intermediate consumption in the structure of output and are one of the main reasons for low profitability, crisis of sales and increase in debt between domestic enterprises. In this context, the aim of this article is to study the possibility of applying macroeconomic indicators of the development of economy to solve the problem of determining output in kind, as well as equilibrium prices under conditions of limited information on the forecasts of final consumption, development of an optimization model of interproduct balance, intended for the analysis of change in the volumes and prices of economic system only in terms of cost indicators of its development, in particular, the structure and volumes of gross value added. In order to use the macroeconomic indicators of economy development at constructing a forecasting fuel and energy balance in the absence of information on final consumption, we proposed a system of conditions of optimization model, which uses the gross value added of branches to form restrictions on the volumes of output in physical units of their products. These conditions use the representation of subsystems of the distribution of outputs and inputs of the model of interproduct balance as a bilinear form in terms of the volumes of output in kind and equilibrium prices. Based on such forms, we constructed a method of determining outputs and prices to solve problems of forecasting and analyzing changes in country's economy according to macroeconomic indicators of its development, in particular, gross value added, in the absence of information on final demand for products. We proposed the structure of optimization model of interproduct balance based on the system of balance equations of the distribution of expenses in branches of economy in the cost form, which uses the indicators of gross value added for the solution of problems of forecasting the output of products in natural form and their volumes at substantial changes in the structure of gross value added. Keywords: fuel and energy balance, interproduct balance, model, optimization, forecasting, gross value added
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Zhang, Sheng, Xiao Hong Meng, and Ya Ning Liu. "An Interpolation Method for Data Containing Distortions and its Application to Aeromagnetic Data Preprocessing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 1543–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.1543.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nowadays, continuous sampling data have been widely used in the research field. However, many unpredictable distortion data points, caused by varying reasons, appear in the raw data randomly. Therefore, removing distortion data points are obligatory for raw data processing. The conventional method is the artificial recognition method, which has serious problems when applied to large volumes of data. Another way is the filtering method, which is limited by application conditions, has a bad influence on valid data what people do not expect. In this paper, we proposed an effective interpolation method to remove the distortion point. This method based on the assumption that changes between adjacent points in continuous sampling data are limited. The distortions can be recognized from the magnitude and the change rate and removed. At last, the polynomial interpolation method is used to obtain the final result. Such method has been used in the preprocessing of aeromagnetic data and gets a good result.
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Moskvin, P. P., W. Sadowski, V. B. Kryzhanivskyy, G. V. Skyba, and L. G. Polonsky. "Multifractal analysis of geometric parameters of nanoforms formed on the surface of ultrathin layers of ZnO and ZnO–CdO synthesized by the sol-gel method." Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii, no. 6 (December 2020): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2020-133-6-115-123.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Superthin layers in ZnO and ZnO–CdO systems, which are intended for the use as transparent electrodes of modern optoelectronic devices, were synthesized by modified sol-gel method. The ranges of parameters of the technological process were established to obtain high-quality layers of material on glass substrates. Surface morphology depending on the synthesis conditions was studied by scanning electron microscopy. SEM images of the surface served as a basis for the multifractal analysis of the surface areas and volumes of nanoforms that are formed on the surface of the obtained layers. The dependences of the multifractal parameters of the surface nanoforms characterizing the surface state were determined as a function of the temperature of the final annealing of the layers. The relationships between Rainier numbers and fractal ordering parameters describing the surface geometry of the layers with the temperatures of the final annealing were established. The numerical values of the fractal characteristics of the obtained surface were used to estimate the influence of the fractal surface geometry on the value of the molar surface energy of the layers.
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Ohtake, Mitsuru, Akira Itabashi, Masaaki Futamoto, Fumiyoshi Kirino, and Nobuyuki Inaba. "Preparation of Fe(Pt,Pd) Alloy Thin Films with Flat Surfaces on MgO(001) Single-Crystal Substrates." Key Engineering Materials 644 (May 2015): 227–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.644.227.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Fe50(Pt1–xPdx)50 (at. %, x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1) alloy thin films are prepared on MgO(001) substrates by using two methods, high-temperature deposition at 600 °C (one-step method) and low-temperature deposition at 200 °C followed by annealing at 600 °C (two-step method). The influence of formation method on the film structure is investigated. L10 crystals epitaxially grow on the substrates when films are deposited at 600 °C. Disordered crystals transform into L10 structure when films are annealed at 600 °C. The films with x > 0.5 consist of L10(001) crystals with the c-axis normal to the substrate surface, whereas the films with x < 0.25 involve small volumes of L10(100) crystals with the c-axis lying in the film plane. Similar final crystallographic orientation is realized for the Fe (Pt,Pd) films prepared by employing the two different methods. The films prepared by one-step method possess island-like surfaces involving side facets, while those prepared by two-step method have very flat surfaces with the arithmetical mean roughness lower than 0.2 nm. The two-step method is effective for preparation of Fe (Pt,Pd) films with flat surfaces.
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Nehring, Victor, Rayssa Silva Menezes, Lucas Henrique Pereira Silva, Jacqueline Roberta Tamashiro Berguerand Xavier, Fabio Friol Guedes de Paiva, and Angela Mitie Otta Kinoshita. "INFLUÊNCIA DA INCORPORAÇÃO DE VINHAÇA NAS PROPRIEDADES DE COMPÓSITOS CIMENTÍCIOS NO ESTADO FRESCO." COLLOQUIUM EXACTARUM 12, no. 2 (September 9, 2020): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5747/ce.2020.v12.n2.e317.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Tension and compression stresses are introduced in the concrete when Portland Cement are used in large volumes, inducing pathologies such as micro-cracks related to sudden changes in temperature. Sucrose is used as a cement hydration retarding additive and produce good results. In this sense, vinasse is a source of sucrose still little explored. Vinasse is a by-product of the sugar and alcohol industry, produced in large volumes, making it very attractive in this application. This study investigates the influence of vinasse on hydration in cement pastes. The total reducing sugars (TRS) and total soluble sugars (AST) as well as the sucrose present in vinasse was determined through Fehling method. The amount of 25%, 50% and 100% of vinasse were used to substitute water in cement pastes composition. The consistency, initial and final setting time and thermal variation during hydration of pastes were. The results show that the lower amount of substitution (25%) leads to an increase in the initial and final setting time, while larger amounts did not cause the same benefits. The calorimetry test confirmed the results obtained by the setting time test, showing less heat of hydration of the paste with 25% substitution of water for vinasse.
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Vinnakota, Kalyan C., and James B. Bassingthwaighte. "Myocardial density and composition: a basis for calculating intracellular metabolite concentrations." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 286, no. 5 (May 2004): H1742—H1749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00478.2003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Systems for describing myocardial cellular metabolism with appropriate thermodynamic constraints on reactions have to be on the basis of estimates of intracellular and mitochondrial concentrations of metabolites as driving forces for reactions. This requires that tissue composition itself must be modeled, but there is marked inconsistency in the literature and no full data set on hearts of any species. To formulate a self-consistent set of information on the densities, contents, or concentrations of chemical components and volumes of tissue spaces, we drew on information mostly on rats. From the data on densities, volumes, volume fractions, and mass fractions observed mainly on left ventricular myocardium, cytoplasm, and mitochondria and from morphometric data on cellular components and the vasculature, we constructed a matrix based on conservation laws for density, volume, and constituent composition. The four constituents were water, protein, fat, and solutes (or ash). To take into account the variances in the observed data sets, we used a constrained nonlinear least squares optimization to minimize the differences between the final results and the data sets. The results provide a detailed estimate of cardiac tissue composition, previously unavailable, for the translation of whole tissue concentrations or concentrations per gram protein into estimated local concentrations that are relevant to reaction processes. An example is that the concentrations of phosphocreatine and ATP in cytosolic water space are twice as high as their mean tissue concentrations. This conservation optimization method is applicable to any tissue or organ.
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Carrez, Laurent, Lucie Bouchoud, Sandrine Fleury-Souverain, Christophe Combescure, Ludivine Falaschi, Farshid Sadeghipour, and Pascal Bonnabry. "Reliability of chemotherapy preparation processes: Evaluating independent double-checking and computer-assisted gravimetric control." Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice 23, no. 2 (July 9, 2016): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078155215620001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background and objectives Centralized chemotherapy preparation units have established systematic strategies to avoid errors. Our work aimed to evaluate the accuracy of manual preparations associated with different control methods. Method A simulation study in an operational setting used phenylephrine and lidocaine as markers. Each operator prepared syringes that were controlled using a different method during each of three sessions (no control, visual double-checking, and gravimetric control). Eight reconstitutions and dilutions were prepared in each session, with variable doses and volumes, using different concentrations of stock solutions. Results were analyzed according to qualitative (choice of stock solution) and quantitative criteria (accurate, <5% deviation from the target concentration; weakly accurate, 5%–10%; inaccurate, 10%–30%; wrong, >30% deviation). Results Eleven operators carried out 19 sessions. No final preparation (n = 438) contained a wrong drug. The protocol involving no control failed to detect 1 of 3 dose errors made and double-checking failed to detect 3 of 7 dose errors. The gravimetric control method detected all 5 out of 5 dose errors. The accuracy of the doses measured was equivalent across the control methods ( p = 0.63 Kruskal–Wallis). The final preparations ranged from 58% to 60% accurate, 25% to 27% weakly accurate, 14% to 17% inaccurate and 0.9% wrong. A high variability was observed between operators. Discussion Gravimetric control was the only method able to detect all dose errors, but it did not improve dose accuracy. A dose accuracy with <5% deviation cannot always be guaranteed using manual production. Automation should be considered in the future.
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DIX, ALISSA B., and LEE-ANN JAYKUS. "Virion Concentration Method for the Detection of Human Enteric Viruses in Extracts of Hard-Shelled Clams†." Journal of Food Protection 61, no. 4 (April 1, 1998): 458–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-61.4.458.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A method to extract and concentrate intact human enteric viruses from oyster extracts for detection using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was applied to hard-shelled clams (Mercenaria mercenaria). Fifty-gram clam samples were processed by an adsorption-elution-precipitation method and then seeded with 101 to 105 PFU of poliovirus 1 (PV1) and/or hepatitis A virus (HAV). Seeded viruses in extracts were purified by fluorocarbon (Freon) extraction and concentrated by polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation and elution. Efficiency of virion recovery from PEG precipitates was dependent upon PEG concentration and elution buffer volume, with optimized variables yielding recoveries as high as 99% for PV1 and 45% for FIAV, as evaluated by cell culture infectivity assay. To further concentrate viruses, remove inhibitors, and reduce sample volumes, the protein-precipitating agent Pro-Cipitate was used in an adsorption-elution-precipitation scheme. The final concentrate was of low volume (<1 ml) and directly compatible with viral genomic amplification using RT-PCR. When extracts from 50-g clam samples were seeded and processed by the combined concentration and purification scheme, direct RT-PCR detection of viral genomic RNA was possible at initial inoculum levels of 103 PFU for PV1 and HAV. Corresponding virus recoveries based on cell culture infectivity were 7 to 50% and 0.3 to 8% for PV1 and HAV, respectively. When extracts of clams were artificially contaminated with the Norwalk virus, direct detection of virion RNA using RT-PCR and subsequent oligoprobe hybridization was possible at levels as low as 450 RT-PCR amplifiable units of the Norwalk virus per extract of 50-g clam sample.
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Ko, Myeongseob, Donghyun Kim, Mingi Kim, and Kwangtaek Kim. "Illumination-Insensitive Skin Depth Estimation from a Light-Field Camera Based on CGANs toward Haptic Palpation." Electronics 7, no. 11 (November 20, 2018): 336. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics7110336.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A depth estimation has been widely studied with the emergence of a Lytro camera. However, skin depth estimation using a Lytro camera is too sensitive to the influence of illumination due to its low image quality, and thus, when three-dimensional reconstruction is attempted, there are limitations in that either the skin texture information is not properly expressed or considerable numbers of errors occur in the reconstructed shape. To address these issues, we propose a method that enhances the texture information and generates robust images unsusceptible to illumination using a deep learning method, conditional generative adversarial networks (CGANs), in order to estimate the depth of the skin surface more accurately. Because it is difficult to estimate the depth of wrinkles with very few characteristics, we have built two cost volumes using the difference of the pixel intensity and gradient, in two ways. Furthermore, we demonstrated that our method could generate a skin depth map more precisely by preserving the skin texture effectively, as well as by reducing the noise of the final depth map through the final depth-refinement step (CGAN guidance image filtering) to converge into a haptic interface that is sensitive to the small surface noise.
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Shklyaev, Anton V., Yuliya S. Pasynkova, Yelena S. Sivertseva, and Nadezhda V. Saks. "Use of express container train as optimization method of rubber export carriage." Transportation Systems and Technology 4, no. 1 (March 15, 2018): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/transsyst2018041105-118.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aim: The article is devoted to the issue of optimizing the export carriage of synthetic rubber produced in Russian, using the service of express container trains.
Methods: The analysis of volumes distribution of synthetic rubber production between the main Russian producers was made and an alternative option was proposed for the delivery of the products of the largest plant for the production of this raw material to foreign countries. To assess the economic efficiency of the carriage variant by express container trains, a comparison was made with the most commonly used method of rubber transportation by transport costs.
Results: Based on the results of the calculations, it was found that when transporting rubber in containers as part of express container trains, significant savings in transportation costs arise.
Practical significance of the work: The relevance of the proposed variant is due to the growth of cars production and the development of container transportations in the world. As a result, the transport component is reduced in the final cost of production, which allows suppliers to be more competitive in the market for the production of this raw material.
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Marizan, Yosi. "Studi Literatur Tentang Penggunaan Software Autodesk Revit Studi Kasus Perencanaan Puskesmas Sukajadi Kota Prabumulih." JURNAL ILMIAH BERING'S 6, no. 01 (March 4, 2019): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36050/berings.v6i01.154.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Computer Aided Design (CAD) has long been known to document architectural design work and information, replace the manual drawing method by hand and bring significant changes in project documentation. BIM (Building Information Modeling) is a paradigm shift replacing Conventional CAD. BIM is basically a digital platform for manufacturing virtual buildings. Autodesk Revit Software is a BIM (Building Information Modeling) based software that helps document projects more realistically with three-dimensional modeling. The purpose of this research in this Final Project is to design a 2-storey building using the Autodext Revit Software for modeling and drawing. The results of the study indicate the use of BIM-based applications in designing a building can simplify the design process, improve the efficiency of time, human resources and its subsequent stages. After going through an integrated process, the final model created has all the information from the architecture, structure, and output volumes automatically.
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Hovorukha, Vira, Oleksandr Tashyrev, Olesia Havryliuk, and Larysa Iastremska. "High Efficiency of Food Waste Fermentation and Biohydrogen Production in Experimental-industrial Anaerobic Batch Reactor." Open Agriculture Journal 14, no. 1 (October 8, 2020): 174–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874331502014010174.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Multicomponent organic waste is a significant environment hazard. Natural mechanisms can no longer ensure the processing of increasing volumes of such waste. The accumulation of multicomponent organic waste to environment pollution with toxic gases and leachate. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop cost-effective technologies for the rapid treatment of huge volumes of toxic waste. Moreover, multicomponent organic waste can be used as the substrate for the production of green energy - biohydrogen. Objective: To scale up the technology of biohydrogen production from multicomponent organic waste in experimental-industrial anaerobic batch reactor and to establish fermentation parameters of its operation. Methods: An experimental-industrial anaerobic batch reactor was designed and the method of thermodynamic prognosis was applied to determine the most effective microbial pathway for hydrogen synthesis. The efficiency of the fermentation was evaluated by the pH and redox potential (Eh, mV) of culture medium, the concentration and volume of synthesized gas. Results: The experimental-industrial anaerobic batch reactor with a volume of 240 L was successfully applied to scale up the process of obtaining hydrogen via fermentation of organics. The duration of the technological cycle (T) was 1.5-4 days. The coefficient of waste destruction (Kd) that is the ratio between the initial and final weight of waste was high and ranged from 86 to 140. Hydrogen yield was 45-90 L/kg of dry weight of waste. The maximum concentration of hydrogen (H2max) was 50-58%. Conclusion: The developed approach and scaling of the biotechnology is promising for industrial application for effective hydrogen production via dark fermentation of multicomponent organic waste. Its industrial application might help to solve the problem of toxic multicomponent organic waste destruction and simultaneously to produce green energy H2.
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Simon, Thomas, Anish Kumaran, Diana-Florentina Veselu, and Georgios Giamas. "Three Method-Combination Protocol for Improving Purity of Extracellular Vesicles." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 9 (April 27, 2020): 3071. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21093071.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized structures able to carry proteins, lipids and genetic material from one cell to another with critical implications in intercellular communication mechanisms. Even though the rapidly growing EVs research field has sparked great interest in the last 20 years, many biological and technical aspects still remain challenging. One of the main issues that the field is facing is the absence of consensus regarding methods for EVs concentration from biofluids and tissue culture medium. Yet, not only can classic methods be time consuming, commercialized kits are also often quite expensive, especially when research requires analyzing numerous samples or concentrating EVs from large sample volumes. In addition, EV concentration often results in either low final yield or significant contamination of the vesicle sample with proteins and protein complexes of similar densities and sizes. Eventually, low vesicle yields highly limit any further application and data reproducibility while contamination greatly impacts extensive functional studies. Hence, there is a need for accessible and sustainable methods for improved vesicle concentration as this is a critical step in any EVs-related research study. In this brief report, we describe a novel combination of three well-known methods in order to obtain moderate-to-high yields of EVs with reduced protein contamination. We believe that such methods could be of high benefits for in vitro and in vivo functional studies.