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Статті в журналах з теми "Fiber Bragg Grating Pulse Recorder"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 6 вересня 2023

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1

Umesh, Sharath, Srivani Padma, Shikha Ambastha, Anand Kalegowda, and Sundarrajan Asokan. "Pulse transit time differential measurement by fiber Bragg grating pulse recorder." Journal of Biomedical Optics 20, no. 5 (May 28, 2015): 057005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.jbo.20.5.057005.

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2

Sharath, U., C. Shwetha, K. Anand, and S. Asokan. "Radial arterial compliance measurement by fiber Bragg grating pulse recorder." Journal of Human Hypertension 28, no. 12 (June 19, 2014): 736–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jhh.2014.45.

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3

Radzi, Nurnazifah M., Amirah A. Latif, Mohammad F. Ismail, Josephine Y. C. Liew, Noor A. Awang, Han K. Lee, Fauzan Ahmad, Siti F. Norizan, and Harith Ahmad. "Tunable Spacing Dual-Wavelength Q-Switched Fiber Laser Based on Tunable FBG Device." Photonics 8, no. 12 (November 23, 2021): 524. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8120524.

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Анотація:

A tunable spacing dual-wavelength Q-switched fiber laser is experimentally demonstrated based on a fiber Bragg grating tunable device incorporated in an erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL). The system utilizes two identical fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) at 1547.1 nm origin to enable two laser lines operation. The wavelength separations between two laser lines are controlled by fixing one of the FBGs while applying mechanical stretch and compression to the other one, using a fiber Bragg grating tunable device. The seven steps of wavelength spacing could be tuned from 0.3344 to 0.0469 nm spacing. Pulse characteristics for both close and wide spacing of dual-wavelength Q-switched fiber laser are successfully being recorded. The findings demonstrate the latest idea of dual-wavelength fiber laser based on FBG tunable device, which offers a wide range of future applications.

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4

Kulchin, Yuriy N., Anatoly M. Shalagin, Oleg B. Vitrik, Sergey A. Babin, Anton V. Dyshlyuk, and Alexander A. Vlasov. "Differential Reflectometry of Fiber Bragg Gratings." Key Engineering Materials 437 (May 2010): 324–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.437.324.

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A reflectometric approach is proposed for interrogation of multiple fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors recorded in a single fiber optic line, based on the differential registration FBGs’ response to a short probing laser pulse using conventional OTDR. A special optical layout has been developed allowing transformation of FBG’s spectrally modulated signals into intensity modulated signals and at the same time eliminating the susceptibility of the system to light power fluctuations. Threshold sensitivity of the method amounted to ~50 μstrain within the measurement range of ~4000 μstrain. The maximum number of FBGs interrogated by the proposed technique is estimated at several hundred, which by far surpasses the requirements of most practical applications. Due to its simplicity, efficiency and usage of conventional OTDR equipment the proposed FBG interrogation technique can find a wide range of applications, in particular in structural health monitoring.

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5

Acharya, Anirudh R., Bram Vandekerckhove, Lars Emil Larsen, Jean Delbeke, Wytse J. Wadman, Kristl Vonck, Evelien Carette, et al. "In vivo blue light illumination for optogenetic inhibition: effect on local temperature and excitability of the rat hippocampus." Journal of Neural Engineering 18, no. 6 (December 1, 2021): 066038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-2552/ac3ef4.

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Abstract Objective. The blue light-activated inhibitory opsin, stGtACR2, is gaining prominence as a neuromodulatory tool due its ability to shunt-inhibit neurons and is being frequently used in in vivo experimentation. However, experiments involving stGtACR2 use longer durations of blue light pulses, which inadvertently heat up the local brain tissue and confound experimental results. Therefore, the heating effects of illumination parameters used for in vivo optogenetic inhibition must be evaluated. Approach. To assess blue light (473 nm)-induced heating of the brain, we used a computational model as well as direct temperature measurements using a fiber Bragg grating (FBG). The effects of different light power densities (LPDs) and pulse durations on evoked potentials (EP) recorded from dentate gyrus were assessed. For opsin-negative rats, LPDs between 127 and 636 mW mm−2 and pulse durations between 20 and 5120 ms were tested while for stGtACR2 expressing rats, LPD of 127 mW mm−2 and pulse durations between 20 and 640 ms were tested. Main results. Increasing LPDs and pulse durations logarithmically increased the peak temperature and significantly decreased the population spike (PS) amplitude and latencies of EPs. For a pulse duration of 5120 ms, the tissue temperature increased by 0.6 °C–3.4 °C. All tested LPDs decreased the PS amplitude in opsin-negative rats, but 127 mW mm−2 had comparatively minimal effects and a significant effect of increasing light pulse duration was seen from 320 ms and beyond. This corresponded with an average temperature increase of 0.2 °C–1.1 °C at the recorded site. Compared to opsin-negative rats, illumination in stGtACR2-expressing rats resulted in much greater inhibition of EPs. Significance. Our study demonstrates that light-induced heating of the brain can be accurately measured in vivo using FBG sensors. Such light-induced heating alone can affect neuronal excitability. Useful neuromodulation by the activation of stGtACR2 is still possible while minimizing thermal effects.

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6

Padma, Srivani, Sharath Umesh, Talabattula Srinivas, and Sundarrajan Asokan. "Carotid Arterial Pulse Waveform Measurements Using Fiber Bragg Grating Pulse Probe." IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics 22, no. 5 (September 2018): 1415–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2017.2765701.

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7

Wang, Ming-Xiao, Ping-Xue Li, Yang-Tao Xu, Yun-Chen Zhu, Shun Li, and Chuan-Fei Yao. "An All-Fiberized Chirped Pulse Amplification System Based on Chirped Fiber Bragg Grating Stretcher and Compressor." Chinese Physics Letters 39, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 024201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/39/2/024201.

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We report an all-fiberized chirped pulse amplification system without any bulk devices. The stretcher and compressor are chirped fiber Bragg gratings inscribed in a 6/125 μm single-mode fiber and a 30/250 μm large-mode-area fiber. The fabrication system of chirped fiber Bragg gratings was designed and built by ourselves. The width of the linear exposure spot was controlled according to the different fiber sizes to improve the fabrication quality, and the parameters of chirped fiber Bragg gratings were fine-tuned during the fabrication to achieve the overall system’s spectral matching. Two fiber circulators with the same fiber sizes as the chirped fiber Bragg gratings were employed to auxiliarily achieve the pulse stretching and compression. The dispersion accumulations provided by the stretcher and compressor are 129.8 ps and 90.8 ps. The power amplifiers were composed of the two-stage 10/130 μm fiber pre-amplifier and the 30/250 μm fiber main amplifier. The proposed chirped pulse amplification system with no spatial light is the true sense of an all-fiberized chirped pulse amplification structure and shows the main trend in development of ultrashort pulse fiber lasers.

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8

Longhi, Stefano. "Klein Tunneling of Light in Fiber Bragg Gratings." Physics Research International 2010 (August 31, 2010): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/645106.

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A photonic analogue of Klein tunneling (KT), that is, of the exotic property of relativistic electrons to pass a large repulsive and sharp potential step, is proposed for pulse propagation in a nonuniform fiber Bragg grating with an embedded chirped region. KT can be simply observed as the opening of a transmission window inside the grating stop band, provided that the impressed chirp is realized over a length of the order of the analogue of the Compton wavelength.

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9

Chen, Xinxin, Enbo Wang, Yali Jiang, Hui Zhan, Hongwei Li, Guohui Lyu, and Shuli Sun. "Generalized Resonance Sensor Based on Fiber Bragg Grating." Photonics 8, no. 5 (May 6, 2021): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8050156.

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In response to the difficulty of weak detection of early bearing damage, resonance demodulation technology and the principle of fiber Bragg grating sensing strain were combined to design a fiber Bragg grating generalized resonance sensor, which can extract the weak pulse signal of weak detection of early bearing’s early damage from rolling bearing. First, a principle of resonance dynamics of second-order mechanical systems based on fiber Bragg grating and generalized resonance principles is proposed. Second, the basic structure of the sensor is designed. Then, ANSYS finite element simulation is used to analyze the natural frequency of the sensor. Finally, the natural frequency value of the sensor was obtained through experiments. The experimental results of proof-of-principle show that the experimental results are consistent with the theoretical predictions. The theoretical model is accurate, which verifies the feasibility of the sensor.

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10

Xu, Qinfeng, Qiong Liu, Qing Ye, Zhengqing Pan, Haiwen Cai, Ronghui Qu, and Zujie Fang. "Millimeter-wave pulse generation based on pulse reshaping using superstructure fiber Bragg grating." Optik 121, no. 20 (October 2010): 1853–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2009.05.004.

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11

Petropoulos, P., M. Ibsen, A. D. Ellis, and D. J. Richardson. "Rectangular pulse generation based on pulse reshaping using a superstructured fiber Bragg grating." Journal of Lightwave Technology 19, no. 5 (May 2001): 746–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/50.923488.

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12

Parmigiani, F., P. Petropoulos, M. Ibsen, and D. J. Richardson. "All-optical pulse reshaping and retiming systems incorporating pulse shaping fiber Bragg grating." Journal of Lightwave Technology 24, no. 1 (January 2006): 357–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2005.860157.

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13

Jiang, X. H., J. N. Yao, S. Y. Zhang, A. T. Wang, and Q. W. Zhan. "All-fiber switchable orbital angular momentum mode-locked laser based on TM-FBG." Applied Physics Letters 121, no. 13 (September 26, 2022): 131101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0107823.

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In this paper, a simple all-fiber switchable orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode-locked laser is demonstrated. The laser is mainly composed of a single-mode fiber Bragg grating (FBG), a two-mode fiber Bragg grating (TM-FBG), a two-mode circulator, and a nonlinear polarization rotation system. The coupling properties of the TM-FBG are verified, and an OAM mode-locked laser with switchable topological charges of −1, 0, and 1 is realized. When the pump power is 462 mW, the output powers of the fundamental mode and OAM±1 mode-locked lasers are 9.750 and 2.707 mW, respectively. Their repetition rates are both 10.16 MHz, and the signal-to-noise ratios are 60 and 59 dB. When the pump power is increased to 774 mW, the mode-locked laser can operate in the single-pulse, double-pulse, and triple-pulse states. Their output powers are 5.1, 7.4, and 10.1 mW, respectively. The OAM mode purity higher than 98.9% is experimentally realized.

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14

Jia, Dagong, Jing Chao, Shuai Li, Hongxia Zhang, Yingzhan Yan, Tiegen Liu, and Ye Sun. "A Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor for Radial Artery Pulse Waveform Measurement." IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 65, no. 4 (April 2018): 839–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2017.2722008.

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15

Liu, Yang, Peng Zhang, Yunlong Fan, Yuzhu Ning, Shuang He та Shoufeng Tong. "1.7 μm all-fiber figure-9 mode-locked laser based on a fiber Bragg grating". Laser Physics 33, № 9 (24 липня 2023): 095103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1555-6611/ace3bb.

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Abstract Fiber lasers operating at 1.7 μm have very important applications in biomedicine, optical imaging, laser welding, optical communication and other fields because of their rich spectral characteristics in the near-infrared band. We designed and experimentally implemented a 1.7 μm all-fiber figure-9 (F9) mode-locked laser, with a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) acting as both the mirror and the spectrum filter. The all-fiber F9 design made the laser work in the mode-locking state more efficiently. We obtained mode-locked pulses with a central wavelength of 1724.76 nm and a repetition rate of 14.39 MHz when the pump power was 1.1 W, and the pulse width was about 54 ps. Limited by the bandwidth of the FBG, the 3 dB bandwidth of the mode-locked spectrum was about 0.18 nm. The output power was 52 mW at a pump power of 2.5 W. The multi-pulse dynamics were studied by adjusting the pump power and the polarization controllers, and pulse trains of up to six pulses in a group were achieved. The 1.7 μm narrow-bandwidth all-fiber F9 mode-locked laser is simple in structure and easy to build, with potential application as a seed source in high-energy ultrashort pulse lasers.

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16

Bai, Jun Jie, Jian Xing Li, Jun Zhang, Xiao Yun Zhang, Le Wang, and Ying Wu. "Smart Structural Health Monitoring Based on Detecting Picometer-Scale Wavelength Shift of Fiber Bragg Grating." Key Engineering Materials 562-565 (July 2013): 1346–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.562-565.1346.

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The real-time monitoring technologies of smart civil structure based on detecting picometer-scale wavelength shift of fiber Bragg grating (FBG), including the wavelength demodulation technology of FBG, are researched extensively at home and abroad. In the paper, using the technologies of wavelength division multiplex (WDM) and time division multiplex (TDM), fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor network was built for monitoring smart structure health condition. Based on SOPC (System on Programmable Chip) technology and fiber comb filter, a high-speed and high-precision wavelength demodulation scheme of FBG sensor network was proposed. The optical system and hardware circuit for demodulation system were designed specifically. To improve the accuracy of demodulation system of FBG, a constant temperature channel of the demodulation system connected with a fiber comb filter, which offered reference points to calibrate the Bragg grating center wavelength. Based on 32-bit soft-core processor NoisⅡ, the embedded system collected and processed the photoelectric signal voltage transformed to rectangular voltage pulse. The upper computer displayed dynamically the FBG wavelength demodulation process and calibrated the Bragg grating center wavelength. The experiments of FBG wavelength demodulation and health monitoring of smart structural embedded fiber Bragg gratings were done. Experimental results show that, the FBG wavelength demodulation method can be used to demodulate the FBG wavelength with high speed and high precision (± 2 pm), which can be used extensively in large-scale multipoint monitor engineering, and the strains of the smart structure can be measured accurately.

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17

TAHIR, BASHIR AHMED, ABDUL RASHID, M. ASIF, A. AFAQ, JALIL ALI, and ROSLY ABDUL RAHMAN. "EFFECT OF LASER AND MECHANICAL PARAMETERS ON STRENGTH OF FIBER BRAGG GRATINGS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 23, no. 01 (January 10, 2009): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979209049589.

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The length of the optical fiber which contains the sensor must be able to withstand the tensile loads that will be placed on it during the duration of its service lifetime. It is important to assess the effect of the UV radiation and removal of coating on the strength of the fiber within the region where the grating has been written. In this study, we have identified the various mechanical and laser fabrication parameters which constrain the strength of fiber gratings. These factors include the laser pulse rate, laser energy per pulse, UV exposure time, methods of coating removal and environmental degradation (moisture). The variation in strength with respect to these factors is discussed in detail. However, it is observed in all the investigations that the average strength of all the fiber grating samples decreased. Finally, the enhancement of mechanical strength of fiber gratings can be achieved by adjusting the laser settings and improving the coating removal methods.

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18

Eid, Mahmoud M. A., and Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed. "Numerical simulation of long-period grating sensors (LPGS) transmission spectrum behavior under strain and temperature effects." Sensor Review 41, no. 2 (March 22, 2021): 192–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sr-10-2020-0248.

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Purpose The purpose of this study aims to simulate the long-period fiber grating sensor pulse peak position against the transmission range. The long-period fiber grating sensor pulse peak position against the transmission range is simulated clearly where the pulse peak value at zero position is 0.972655 with the ripple factor of unity. It is demonstrated that the long-period fiber grating sensor bandwidth can be estimated to be 50 µm. Wavelength shift of the long-period grating sensor (LPGS) is reported against grating wavelength, applied temperatures and applied micro strain. Design/methodology/approach This work has reported the numerical simulation of LPGS transmission spectrum behavior characteristics under the strain and temperature effects by using OptiGrating simulation software. The sensor fabrication material is silica-doped germanium. The transmittivity/reflectivity and input spectrum pulse intensity of long-period Bragg sensor variations are simulated against the grating wavelength variations. Input/output pulse intensity of LPGS variations is simulated against the timespan variations with the Gaussian input pulse from 100 to 500 km link length. Findings Temperature variation and strain variation of the LPGS are outlined against both applied temperatures and micro-strain variations at the central grating wavelength of 1,550 nm. Originality/value It is demonstrated that the long period fiber grating sensor bandwidth can be estimated to be 50 µm. Wavelength shift of the long period grating sensor is reported against both grating wavelength, applied temperatures and applied micro strain. Temperature variation and strain variation of the long period grating sensor are outlined against both applied temperatures and micro strain variations at the central grating wavelength of 1550 nm.

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19

Shapira, Yuval P., and Moshe Horowitz. "Pulse propagation in a fiber Bragg grating written in a slow saturable fiber amplifier." Optics Letters 34, no. 20 (October 7, 2009): 3113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.34.003113.

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20

Abramov, Aleksei, Igor Zolotovskii, Vladimir Kamynin, Victor Prikhodko, Aleksei Tregubov, Dmitrii Stoliarov, Marina Yavtushenko, and Andrei Fotiadi. "High-Peak Power Frequency Modulation Pulse Generation in Cascaded Fiber Configurations with Inscribed Fiber Bragg Grating Arrays." Photonics 8, no. 11 (October 24, 2021): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8110471.

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We explored the dynamics of frequency-modulated (FM) pulses in a cascaded fiber configuration comprising one active and one passive optical fiber with multiple fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) of different periods inscribed over the fiber configuration length. We present a theoretical formalism to describe the mechanisms of the FM pulse amplification and pulse compression in such fiber cascades resulting in peak powers up to ~0.7 MW. In combination with the decreasing dispersion fibers, the considered cascade configuration enables pico- and sub-picosecond pulse trains with a sub-terahertz repetition rate and sub-kW peak power generated directly from the continuous optical signal.

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21

Fernández-Ruiz, María R., and Alejandro Carballar. "Fiber Bragg Grating-Based Optical Signal Processing: Review and Survey." Applied Sciences 11, no. 17 (September 3, 2021): 8189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11178189.

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This paper reviews the state of the art of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) as analog all-optical signal processing units. Besides the intrinsic advantages of FBGs, such as relatively low cost, low losses, polarization insensitivity and full compatibility with fiber-optic systems, they have proven to deliver an exceptional flexibility to perform any complex band-limited spectral response by means of the variation of their physical parameters. These features have made FBGs an ideal platform for the development of all-optical broadband filters and pulse processors. In this review, we resume the main design algorithms of signal processors based on FBGs, and we revisit the most common processing units based on FBGs and the applications that have been presented in the literature.

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22

Che Yaliang, 车雅良, 雒开彬 Luo Kaibin, and 杜廷龙 Du Tinglong. "Studies on the Pulse response Characters of Large Chirped Fiber Bragg Grating." Acta Optica Sinica 29, no. 11 (2009): 2973–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos20092911.2973.

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23

MIYAUCHI, Yuki, Hiroaki ISHIZAWA, and Masaaki NIIMURA. "Measurement of Pulse Rate and Respiration Rate Using Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor." Transactions of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers 49, no. 12 (2013): 1101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.9746/sicetr.49.1101.

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24

Elgaud, M. M., Ahmad Ashrif A. Bakar, Abdulfatah Abushagur Ghaith, Nani Fadzlina Naim, Norhana Arsad, Mohd Hadri Hafiz Mokhtar, Nur Hidayah Azeman, and Mohd Saiful Dzulkefly Zan. "Pulse Compressed Time Domain Multiplexed Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor: A Comparative Study." IEEE Access 6 (2018): 64427–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2877887.

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25

Pereira, Luis, Rui Min, Xuehao Hu, Christophe Caucheteur, Ole Bang, Beatriz Ortega, Carlos Marques, Paulo Antunes, and João L. Pinto. "Polymer optical fiber Bragg grating inscription with a single Nd:YAG laser pulse." Optics Express 26, no. 14 (June 28, 2018): 18096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.26.018096.

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26

Preciado, Miguel A., and Miguel A. Muriel. "Flat-top pulse generation based on a fiber Bragg grating in transmission." Optics Letters 34, no. 6 (March 6, 2009): 752. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.34.000752.

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27

Pospori, A., C. A. F. Marques, O. Bang, D. J. Webb, and P. André. "Polymer optical fiber Bragg grating inscription with a single UV laser pulse." Optics Express 25, no. 8 (April 10, 2017): 9028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.25.009028.

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28

Dong, Xiao-wei, and Pan Guo. "Optical pulse shaping based on a double-phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating." Optoelectronics Letters 11, no. 2 (March 2015): 100–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11801-015-5016-z.

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29

Tendela, Lucas P., Christian A. Cuadrado-Laborde, and Miguel V. Andrés. "In-Fiber All-Optical Fractional Differentiator Using an Asymmetrical Moiré Fiber Grating." Fractal and Fractional 7, no. 4 (March 28, 2023): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract7040291.

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In this work, it is demonstrated numerically that an asymmetric Moiré fiber grating operated in reflection can provide the required spectral response to implement an all-optical fractional differentiator. In our case, the accumulated phase shift is not associated with a point phase shift, as when working with fiber Bragg gratings and long-period gratings with punctual defects, but is distributed all over the grating. The proposed device is supported by numerical simulations, and a dimensionless deviation factor is calculated to make quantitative analysis feasible. The performance of the proposed device is analyzed using numerical simulations by computing the fractional time derivatives of the complex field of an arbitrary transform-limited Gaussian pulse. A comparison with the performance given by theoretical differentiation is also presented.

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30

Huang, Qiu Shi, Hong Xing Cai, Xi He Zhang, Yan Ji Qu, Zhi Wei, Bo Peng, and Yong Tan. "Dual-Wavelength Single-Mode Optical Fiber Raman Laser." Key Engineering Materials 552 (May 2013): 367–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.552.367.

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In order to realize the dual-wave length lasing based on stimulated Raman scattering principle, the dual-wavelength single-mode optical fiber Raman laser is established. Firstly, 80m long G652b single-model quartz fiber is pumped by Nd3+:YAG solid pulse laser, and its output spectra when without grating which are measured and studied. Then, a linear external-cavity fiber laser is designed with fiber Bragg grating as mirrors to gain 1062nm and 1066.5nm laser output. To change pump energy (65.2uJ~100.4uJ), the mean-variances of energy percentages are all about 7.58%,and dual-wavelength energy ratio is close to 1:1. Pump pulse widths are close to 32.14ns. Finally, the main parameters of laser are analyzed too. The dual-wavelength single-mode optical fiber Raman laser can be applied to Raman amplifier filed.

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31

Parmigiani, F., P. Petropoulos, M. Ibsen, and D. J. Richardson. "Errata to “All-Optical Pulse Reshaping and Retiming Systems Incorporating Pulse Shaping Fiber Bragg Grating”." Journal of Lightwave Technology 24, no. 7 (July 2006): 2963. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2006.878488.

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32

Dostovalov, Alexander V., Alexey A. Wolf, Kirill A. Bronnikov, Mikhail I. Skvortsov, Alexey E. Churin, and Sergey A. Babin. "Femtosecond Pulse Structuring of Multicore Fibers for Development of Advanced Fiber Lasers and Sensors." Solid State Phenomena 312 (November 2020): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.312.221.

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In this paper we investigate the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) arrays selectively inscribed in a multicore fiber for a different sensor and laser applications. Particularly, wavelength-switchable and tunable fiber laser was realized based on uniform and non-uniform FBGs precisely positioned in the selected cores. A quasi-distributed 3D shape sensor based on FBG array inscribed in a multicore fiber with helically twisted side cores was fabricated and applied for shape reconstruction of papillotome.

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33

Li, Ruo Ming, You Long Yu, and P. Shum. "Addressing fiber Bragg grating sensors with wavelength-swept pulse fiber laser and analog electrical switch." Optics Communications 284, no. 6 (March 2011): 1561–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2010.11.072.

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34

Chao Wang and Jianping Yao. "Fourier Transform Ultrashort Optical Pulse Shaping Using a Single Chirped Fiber Bragg Grating." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 21, no. 19 (October 2009): 1375–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2009.2027217.

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35

Senthilnathan, Krishnamoorthy, Poongavanam Malathi, and Kuppuswamy Porsezian. "Dynamics of nonlinear pulse propagation through a fiber Bragg grating with linear coupling." Journal of the Optical Society of America B 20, no. 2 (February 1, 2003): 366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josab.20.000366.

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36

Petropoulos, P., M. Ibsen, M. N. Zervas, and D. J. Richardson. "Generation of a 40-GHz pulse stream by pulse multiplication with a sampled fiber Bragg grating." Optics Letters 25, no. 8 (April 15, 2000): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.25.000521.

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37

Su, Yu, Jian Hua Ren, Tong Gang Zhao, Shu Qun Shen, Zheng Shan Xu, Xiao Bo Liu, and Wei Wu. "Widely Tunable Fiber Ring Laser with Narrow Linewidth and Fine Tuning Resolution Based on Laser Materials." Advanced Materials Research 496 (March 2012): 290–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.496.290.

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We experimentally demonstrate a tunable fiber ring laser with narrow linewidth and fine tuning resolution based on Er3+-doped fiber(EDF) laser material. A tunable fiber Bragg grating(FBG) filter is used in the system as the frequency selecting element, and a stepping motor together with a single chip acts as the precise tuning mechanism. The fiber ring laser has a narrow linewidth of ~0.07nm, a tuning resolution of ~1.5pm/pulse, an output power of ~25 mW, and a slope efficiency of ~17.9%.

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38

Shapira, Y. P., V. Smulakovsky, and M. Horowitz. "Experimental demonstration of nonlinear pulse propagation in a fiber Bragg grating written in a fiber amplifier." Optics Letters 41, no. 1 (December 16, 2015): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.41.000005.

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39

Putnam, M. A., M. L. Dennis, I. N. Duling, C. G. Askins, and E. J. Friebele. "Broadband square-pulse operation of a passively mode-locked fiber laser for fiber Bragg grating interrogation." Optics Letters 23, no. 2 (January 15, 1998): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.23.000138.

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40

Zhang, Xin, Zhi Yang, Qianglong Li, Feng Li, Xiaojun Yang, Yishan Wang, and Wei Zhao. "Pulse duration tunable fiber CPA system based on thermally dispersion tuning of chirped fiber bragg grating." Optik 127, no. 20 (October 2016): 8728–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2016.06.062.

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41

Taki, M., F. Zaidi, I. Toccafondo, T. Nannipieri, A. Signorini, S. Faralli, and F. Di Pasquale. "High-performance hybrid Raman/fiber Bragg grating fiber-optic sensor based on simplex cyclic pulse coding." Optics Letters 38, no. 4 (February 8, 2013): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.38.000471.

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42

Liu, Zhenmin, Na Chen, Yong Liu, Zhenyi Chen, Fufei Pang, and Tingyun Wang. "Monitoring Junction Temperature of RF MOSFET under Its Working Condition Using Fiber Bragg Grating." Micromachines 13, no. 3 (March 18, 2022): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13030463.

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When a high-power radio frequency (RF) metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) works in low-efficiency situations, considerable power is dissipated into heat, resulting in an excessive junction temperature and a likely failure. In this study, an optical fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor is installed on the die of a high-power RF MOSFET. The temperature change of RF MOSFET with the change of input signal is obtained by using the temperature frequency shift characteristic of the FBG reflected signal. Furthermore, the fast and repetitive capture of junction temperature by FBG reveals details of the temperature variation within each RF pulse, which is correctly correlated with input signals. The results show that besides monitoring the temperature accumulation of the chip for a long time, the FBG can also capture junction temperature details of the chip within each pulse period. Finally, a Cauer-type thermal model of the RF MOSFET was constructed based on the temperature information captured by the FBG.

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43

Qing Ye, Rui Huang, Qinfeng Xu, Haiwen Cai, Ronghui Qu, and Zujie Fang. "Numerical Investigation of Ultrashort Complex Pulse Generation Based on Pulse Shaping Using a Superstructure Fiber Bragg Grating." Journal of Lightwave Technology 27, no. 13 (July 2009): 2449–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2008.2011144.

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44

Sharath, Umesh, Raju Sukreet, Girish Apoorva, and Sundarrajan Asokan. "Blood pressure evaluation using sphygmomanometry assisted by arterial pulse waveform detection by fiber Bragg grating pulse device." Journal of Biomedical Optics 18, no. 6 (June 26, 2013): 067010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.jbo.18.6.067010.

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45

Parmigiani, F., P. Petropoulos, M. Ibsen, and D. J. Richardson. "Pulse retiming based on XPM using parabolic pulses formed in a fiber Bragg grating." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 18, no. 7 (April 2006): 829–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2006.871848.

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46

Feng, Xinhuan, Zhaohui Li, Bai-Ou Guan, C. Lu, H. Y. Tam, and P. K. A. Wai. "Switchable UWB pulse generation using a polarization maintaining fiber Bragg grating as frequency discriminator." Optics Express 18, no. 4 (February 4, 2010): 3643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.18.003643.

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47

Zhang, Weifang, Feifei Ren, Yingwu Li, Bo Jin, and Wei Dai. "Research on a Pulse Interference Filter Used for the Fiber Bragg Grating Interrogation System." Photonic Sensors 8, no. 3 (June 14, 2018): 270–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13320-018-0492-y.

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48

Gao, Shixin, Heng Wang, Yuhang Chen, Heming Wei, Getinet Woyessa, Ole Bang, Rui Min, Hang Qu, Christophe Caucheteur, and Xuehao Hu. "Point-by-Point Induced High Birefringence Polymer Optical Fiber Bragg Grating for Strain Measurement." Photonics 10, no. 1 (January 13, 2023): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics10010091.

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In this paper, the first- and fourth-order fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based axial strain sensors are proposed. The FBGs are inscribed in step-index polymer optical fibers (POFs) (TOPAS core and ZEONEX cladding) via the point-by-point (PbP) direct-writing technique. A first-order FBG with a single peak is obtained with a pulse fluence of 7.16 J/cm2, showing a strain sensitivity of 1.17 pm/με. After that, a fourth-order FBG with seven peaks is obtained with a pulse fluence of 1.81 J/cm2 with a strain sensitivity between 1.249 pm/με and 1.296 pm/με. With a higher fluence of 2.41 J/cm2, a second fourth-order FBG with five peaks is obtained, each of which is split into two peaks due to high birefringence (Hi-Bi) of ~5.4 × 10−4. The two split peaks present a strain sensitivity of ~1.44 pm/με and ~1.55 pm/με, respectively. The peak difference corresponding to Hi-Bi presents a strain sensitivity of ~0.11 pm/με and could potentially be used for simultaneous dual-parameter measurement, such as temperature and strain.

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49

Kalizhanova, A., S. Seidazimov, and Z. Zhilkishbayeva. "ANALYSIS OF MODELS AND PARAMETERS OF SENSORS BASED ON BREGG GRIDS AND THE INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL PARAMETERS ON THE SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF GRIDS." Bulletin of Shakarim University. Technical Sciences, no. 3(7) (February 10, 2023): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.53360/2788-7995-2022-1(5)-3.

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The results of the project have a wide practical application in various industries, such as medical institutions and healthcare facilities, large industrial enterprises, in the automotive industry, food, agricultural and livestock industries, as well as in industrial technology, the metallurgical industry; oil and gas industry. In phase interferometric sensors (PID) based on arrays, the optical element itself acts as a sensitive element, which leads to a significant reduction in cost. The OB segment between two gratings is a Fabry-Perot interferometer. Under the influence of deformation and acoustic vibrations, the phase difference of signals from two adjacent Bragg gratings changes. Interferometric sensors are most sensitive to changes in the length of a fiber segment under the influence of external factors. The principle of operation of distributed fiber-optic measuring complexes based on PID in the simplest case (in the case of one PID) is shown in Figure 3.6 and is as follows [4]. Each of the Bragg gratings RB1 and RB2 of the sensor reflects the pulse coming to it from the pulsed laser at the same Bragg wavelength. In this case, the time delay between the reflected pulses is equal to twice the propagation time of light in the sensitive element of the sensor – a fiber enclosed between the gratings. The reflected pulses enter the compensating interferometer (CI), which, in turn, also bifurcates each of them. The delay introduced into the propagation of pulses by the arm 2 of the CI with respect to arm 1 ensures the overlap in time of the pulse reflected from the grating RB1 at the output of arm 2 and the pulse reflected from the grating RB2 at the output of arm 1 and their phase shift by ϕ 0 =π/2.

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50

Liu, Na, Xue Chen, Cheng Ju, Qi Zhang, and Huitao Wang. "Nyquist 4-ary pulse amplitude modulation scheme based on electrical Nyquist pulse shaping and fiber Bragg grating filter." Optical Engineering 54, no. 4 (April 13, 2015): 046105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.54.4.046105.

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