Дисертації з теми "Few clusters"
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Kanyuk, M., A. P. Demchenko, I. Díez, and R. H. A. Ras. "Fluorescent Few-Atom Clusters of Silver Formed in Organic Solvents on Polymeric Supports." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35122.
Повний текст джерелаRICHERT, JEAN-LUC. "Synthese et reactivite de clusters heterometalliques palladium-fer et platine-fer." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR13251.
Повний текст джерелаHaider, S. G. "Computational studies of FeS : bulk, surfaces and clusters." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1417501/.
Повний текст джерелаZhuang, Hua-Yun. "Reactivity of the aconitase Feâ†3Sâ†4'+ cluster." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336310.
Повний текст джерелаNuel, Didier. "Etude de la reactivite de fragments alkylidynes dans des clusters trinucleaires du fer." Toulouse 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU30206.
Повний текст джерелаNuel, Didier. "Etude de la réactivité de fragments alkylidynes dans des clusters trinucléaires du fer." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37600062x.
Повний текст джерелаMaso, Lorenzo. "Biochemical and spectroscopic analysis of two key proteins involved in FeS-clusters biogenesis." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3427271.
Повний текст джерелаI gruppi di FeS sono gruppi protesici ancestrali, ampiamente diffusi in quasi tutti gli esseri viventi in cui sono coinvolti in diverse vie metaboliche fondamentali, tra cui reazioni redox, trasferimento di elettroni, catalisi enzimatica e molte altre funzioni. Questo assortimento si riflette nella presenza di numerosi cluster FeS con diverse strutture, dai semplici cluster rombici 2Fe2S e 4Fe4S cubici, al complesso cluster 2Fe [4Fe4S] H (cofattore metallico di [FeFe] -idrogenasi). Esistono percorsi biosintetici distinti per l'assemblaggio di diversi gruppi di FeS, sia nei microrganismi procarioti che negli eucarioti. In generale, questi sono processi piuttosto complessi realizzati da molte proteine che interagiscono tra loro. Pur mantenendo alcune peculiarità chiave, questi sistemi sono altamente conservati in termini di strategia d'azione, che può essere generalmente suddivisa in due fasi principali: l'assemblaggio del cofattore metallico su una proteina scaffold e il successivo trasferimento del cluster FeS de novo generato da l'impalcatura dell'apoproteina dell'accettore, che alla fine viene convertita nell'oloproteina attiva matura. Entrambi i passaggi richiedono proteine chiave dello scaffold, che devono essere in grado di interagire dinamicamente con i partner biosintetici e con una combinazione di diversi chaperon e co-chaperon che partecipano al trasferimento finale del gruppo protesico alla proteina FeS ricevente. Pertanto, le caratteristiche strutturali delle proteine dello scaffold che consentono le loro interazioni con tutti i partner funzionali sono punti chiave. Tuttavia, per molte di queste proteine fondamentali manca una chiara caratterizzazione delle relazioni struttura-funzione, e una caratterizzazione completa dell'intero complesso percorso molecolare multistep in cui sono coinvolte funzionalmente necessita di un'indagine più approfondita. In questa tesi di dottorato, sono stati studiati due diversi sistemi di biosintesi di cluster FeS: nel Capitolo 1, il sistema di maturazione [FeFe] -idrogenasi e nel Capitolo 2), il FeS mitocondriale umano raggruppa il sistema biosintetico. Capitolo 1) [FeFe] -idrogenasi sono proteine FeS che in diversi procarioti e in alghe verdi unicellulari catalizzano la riduzione reversibile dei protoni al gas idrogeno. Pertanto, hanno ricevuto una crescente attenzione per le potenziali applicazioni tecnologiche nel campo della produzione biologica di carburante pulito e rinnovabile. È necessario un sistema biosintetico specifico e altamente conservato per assemblare il cluster FeS (FeFe) -idrogenasi complesso, il cosiddetto cluster H, composto da un centro 4Fe4S collegato a un subcluster 2Fe coordinato da CO e ligandi CN quanto a un ponte ditiolato. Nonostante l'elevata complessità di questo cofattore, la sua biosintesi e trasferimento sono effettuati da sole tre proteine specifiche, che funzionano in combinazione con il meccanismo di biogenesi del cluster FeS: HydE e HydG assemblano l'H-cluster sulla proteina scaffold HydF, una piccola GTPase che guida anche la consegna del cluster completo alla apoidrogenasi bersaglio. Pertanto, HydF svolge un duplice ruolo centrale nello scaffold di cluster FeS e nella proteina carrier nella maturazione di [FeFe] -idrogenasi. Sebbene diversi dati molecolari e funzionali siano stati ottenuti dalla scoperta dei macchinari HydE / HydF / HydG, l'intero processo biosintetico non è ancora completamente caratterizzato. La struttura cristallina dell' apoproteina ricombinante HydF è stata risolta nel mio laboratorio e ha suggerito utili informazioni molecolari sulla funzione proteica. D'altra parte, sono rimasti alcune questioni aperte, incluso il ruolo specifico del dominio GTPasico di HydF, che è essenziale per la maturazione e l'attivazione di [FeFe] -idrogenasi. Capitolo 2). Nei mammiferi, i cluster di FeS sono principalmente presenti e sintetizzati nei mitocondri. Il loro assemblaggio viene eseguito da un sistema complesso e altamente conservato che coinvolge diverse proteine. Tra questi, l'ISCU è lo scaffold su cui sono sintetizzati i cluster FeS nel cosiddetto SDU, che include anche la desulfurase NFS1, la proteina accessoria ISD11 e la fratassina (FXN). FXN è una proteina legante il ferro (Fe2 + e Fe3 +) il cui ruolo specifico in questo percorso biosintetico è ancora controverso, in quanto è stato inizialmente proposto come donatore di ferro del processo e quindi attivatore allosterico del complesso SDU. Negli esseri umani, i difetti di ISCU o FXN portano a malattie con fenotipi clinici distinti ma caratteristiche cellulari e biochimiche simili. Diminuzione dei livelli di isoforme mitocondriale ISCU causata da una mutazione puntiforme del gene ISCU portano a una rara miopatia con acidosi lattica (miopatia ISCU); livelli diminuiti di FXN, a causa di un'anomala espansione della ripetizione del trinucleotide GAA nel gene FXN, causano l'atassia di Friedreich (FRDA), una malattia neurodegenerativa. Le caratteristiche cellulari di entrambe le malattie sono la respirazione compromessa, il sovraccarico di ferro mitocondriale e l'aumento della sensibilità allo stress ossidativo, e per entrambi una terapia specifica è ancora mancante. Ciò può essere dovuto, almeno in parte, a una caratterizzazione incompleta del / i percorso / i in cui sono coinvolte queste proteine, e in particolare vale la pena notare che FXN è una proteina che sta ancora cercando una funzione. Sulla base di queste premesse, ho focalizzato il lavoro del mio dottorato su questi due problemi aperti sfruttando, in entrambi i casi, una combinazione di approcci biochimici e spettroscopici per valutare le caratteristiche strutturali di 1) dominio GTPase di HydF e 2) FXN, entrambi soli e nel complesso binario con l'impalcatura ISCU. In particolare, per esplorare la proteina HydF e la sua risposta strutturale al legame GTP, in collaborazione con il Prof. Carbonera (Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche di Padova, Università di Padova), ho sfruttato una tecnica spettroscopica avanzata, EPR (Electron Paramagnetic Resonance), cioè la tecnica definitiva per lo studio delle proteine FeS; per caratterizzare in dettaglio l'interazione diretta FXN-ISCU, ho applicato la tecnica bidimensionale NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance), in collaborazione con il Prof. Bellanda (Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova). Capitolo 1). Ho effettuato studi spettroscopici in vitro per caratterizzare il dominio GTPasico di HydF. I risultati ottenuti mi hanno permesso di concludere che HydF può essere considerato un nuovo membro delle GTPasi dipendenti da K +. Pertanto, queste proteine potrebbero avere una più ampia diffusione di funzioni rispetto a quanto supposto prima. HydF potrebbe essere un interruttore molecolare sottoposto a significative modifiche strutturali sul legame GTP, come altri membri della stessa famiglia. Inoltre, sono stati rilevati cambiamenti conformazionali diffusi dovuti al legame GTP, e questo potrebbe essere cruciale per interazioni strutturali e funzionali dinamiche con le altre proteine coinvolte nella maturazione e attivazione di [FeFe] -idrogenasi. A partire da questa scoperta, sarà possibile modellare lo stato di HydF legato a GTP, un'importante informazione strutturale che mancava nella struttura a raggi X dell'apoproteina precedentemente risolta nel nostro laboratorio. Capitolo 2). Ho eseguito analisi biochimiche e spettroscopiche di FXN umana, da solo e in complesso con ISCU, che mi ha permesso di identificare in FXN i residui coinvolti nel legame di Fe3 + / 2 + e nella sua interazione con ISCU, che è confermato essere dipendente dal ferro . Quindi, poiché molti residui di FXN che ho trovato coinvolti nell'interazione diretta con ISCU sono mutati in pazienti con varianti di FRDA, ho valutato se e come queste mutazioni possono interferire con l'interazione diretta ISCU-FXN e con la sua capacità di legare il ferro. Ho trovato che le varianti di fratassina FRDA-correlate in cui le mutazioni si trovano nella regione di legame ISCU non influenzano le proprietà di legame con ferro di fratassina, mentre compromettono sia l'interazione con ISCU e la capacità di attivare il complesso SDU. Altre varianti di fratassina legate a FRDA, invece, in cui le mutazioni sono localizzate nella regione di legame del ferro o tra quest'ultima e la regione legante ISCU, influenzano, come previsto, la capacità di FXN di legare il ferro senza compromettere completamente la sua interazione con ISCU. Inoltre, queste varianti FXN mantengono una capacità parziale di attivare il complesso SDU. Presi insieme, questi risultati aprono nuove prospettive nello studio dei meccanismi che portano alle varianti FRDA e forniscono ulteriori suggerimenti utili a chiarire il ruolo fisiologico di FXN e il suo contributo alla patogenesi dell'atassia di Friedreich.
Kruse, Inga. "The mitochondrial-cytosolic pathway of FeS cluster assembly in Arabidopsis thaliana." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2016. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/62930/.
Повний текст джерелаHEIM, BERND. "Quelques aspects de la chimie des ynamines rccnet#2 sur des clusters carbonyles du fer." Paris 6, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA066180.
Повний текст джерелаRodrigues, Guimarães Thiago. "Synthesis of magnetic polymer latex particles by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization in aqueous dispersed media." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1107/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn this work reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization was exploited to synthesize magnetic latex particles decorated with stimuli-responsive polymer brushes. First, five hydrophilic (co)polymers with various compositions were successfully prepared by RAFT solution (co)polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) and 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) for different AA to DMAEMA molar ratios. The obtained macromolecular RAFT agents (macroRAFTs), PAA or PDMAEMA homopolymers and P(AA-co-DMAEMA) copolymers, displayed interesting pH- and thermo-responsive properties. These hydrophilic macroRAFTs were then chain extended with styrene leading to the formation of well-defined amphiphilic block copolymers. An aqueous dispersion of iron oxide clusters was next prepared using a strategy based on emulsification/solvent evaporation in which the block copolymers were used as stabilizers. By varying the experimental conditions (sonication power, macroRAFT concentration and pH of the medium), the cluster size could be controlled from 45 up to 300 nm. These clusters were then used as seeds in styrene emulsion polymerization in the presence of a crosslinker. The iron oxide clusters were individually encapsulated into a polymer shell generating latex particles, stabilized by the hydrophilic segment of the block copolymers, and displaying interesting magnetic properties. At last, these magnetic beads were evaluated as carriers in the magnetic separation of bacteria. The magnetic latex particles decorated with P(AA-co-DMAEMA) copolymers were successfully employed for the capture and trigger release of bacteria, allowing their concentration in a biological sample
Colin, Florent. "Caractérisation du rôle de la frataxine dans la machinerie de biosynthèse des clusters FeS et développement d'un logiciel de prédiction des protéines FeS." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAJ113/document.
Повний текст джерелаFriedreich Ataxia (FA) is the most prevalent form of autosomal recessive ataxia in the Caucasian population. Frataxin is implicated in the biosynthesis of iron-sulfur (FeS). The first axis of my work was to better characterize the function of Frataxin in the “early” complex of FeS clusters biosynthesis (NFS1/ISD11/ISCU). I was able to show the crucial involvement of Frataxin in the control of iron entry in this complex, on the enzymatic activity of NFS1 and on the transfert of FeS cluster to apo-proteins. Thesecond axis was the development of a bio-informatic software (PredISC) that is able to predict potential iron-sulfur containing proteins. The software allows us to generate a list of candidates that will be compiled in a database. In the future transversal approaches have to be associated in order to reduced the number of candidates, and increase their interest
Gourdon, André. "Synthèse et étude structurale de clusters de fer contenant un hétéroatome du type carbure, nitrure, phosphure." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066404.
Повний текст джерелаGourdon, André. "Synthèse et étude structurale de clusters de fer contenant un hétéroatome du type carbure, nitrure, phosphure." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37598030x.
Повний текст джерелаCaserta, Giorgio. "Chemical maturation of hydrogenases : an insight into artificial and biohybrid systems." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066701/document.
Повний текст джерелаThere is a general agreement that the building of a sustainable H2 economy relies on the availability of cheap, abundant and efficient catalysts. Nature has provided attractive solutions, hydrogenases. However, these enzymes are difficult to produce and so far only few HydAs have been completely characterized showing diversity despite the same active site. This core, H-cluster, is composed of a [4Fe–4S] cluster bound via a Cys to a diiron complex which has 3 CO, 2 CN and an azadithiolate ligands. Recently, it has been showed that hydrogenases can be easily produced through the insertion of a biomimetic [Fe2(adt)(CO)4(CN)2]2– complex inside the heterologously produced apo-enzyme, resulting in a full activation. Part of the PhD has been focused on the chemical maturation of new HydA from Megasphaera elsdenii and its truncated version, MeH-HydA, containing only the H-cluster. The assembly of all metal cofactors via the chemical reconstitution of the [Fe–S] clusters and the maturation through the [Fe2(adt)(CO)4(CN)2]2–complex has been carried out. Interestingly, HydF hybrids synthesized incorporating biomimetic [Fe2(xdt)(CO)4(CN)2]2– complexes onto the [4Fe–4S] cluster HydF protein, have a 6Fe core reminiscent of the H-cluster. HydFs from different organisms were purified and subsequently the [4Fe–4S] cluster has been reconstituted. For the first time, an X-ray structure of HydF with its [4Fe-4S] cluster has been obtained. The 6Fe cluster of HydF has been also prepared chemically with diiron complexes mimicking the active site of HydA. The metallo-cofactors have been spectroscopically characterized (EPR, FTIR, HYSCORE), hydrogenase activities evaluated
Sendra, Maïté. "Étude mécanistique de la biosynthèse des centres fer-soufre chez Escherichia coli : quel rôle pour la protéine SufA ?" Grenoble 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10202.
Повний текст джерела[Fe-S] proteins are ubiquitous enzymes which play key roles within all living organisms. The biosynthetic process by which iron and sulfur atoms are combined in a controlled way into target proteins requires complex machineries. Among them, we can find the SUF machinery which is involved under oxidative stress and iron starvation conditions. This system is composed of six genes sufABCDSE. The SufA protein is described as a scaffold protein which is able to assemble transient [Fe-S] clusters and to transfer them to target apoproteins. Moreover, SufA contains three conserved cysteine residus which are proposed to be the ligands of the [Fe-S] clusters. SufA is purified mainly in apo form. The [Fe-S] cluster can be reconstituted chemically in vitro. Under these conditions, SufA contains a mix of [2Fe-2S] clusters and [4Fe-4S] clusters. We isolated the native SufA protein in a metalled form after purification from the suf operon in anaerobic conditions. We showed that SufA contains an [Fe-S] cluster, probably a [2Fe-2S] cluster, which can be transferred to the ferredoxine efficiently. We also studied the molecular mechanisms of the assembly of [Fe-S] cluster in SufA. SufA is able to bind both sulfur atoms, coordinated by the three conserved cysteines, and iron atoms, mainly coordinated by nitrogen and oxygen ligands. These two elements can be used for the assembly of [Fe-S] clusters in the presence of a reductant. Lastly, we carried out preliminary in vitro experiments with site-directed mutant proteins to determine the ligands of [Fe-S] clusters in SufA, but today, the nature of the ligands remains unclear
Mokoena, Masilo Daniel. "Implementation of no-fee schools policy : a case study in Bolobedu Cluster Circuits of Mopani District." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1412.
Повний текст джерелаAfter the establishment of the first democratic government in South Africa in 1994, the Education Ministry started transforming the apartheid education system into the democratic education system aimed at achieving equity, redress and access to education. Amongst the policies developed, were South African Schools Act (Act No. 84 of 1996), National Norms and Standards for School Funding, Exemption of Parents from Payment of School Fees Regulations, Education Laws Amendment Act (Act No. 24 of 2005), Amended National Norms and Standards For School Funding, and No- Fee School Policy. In this study, I analysed how schools in Bolobedu cluster circuits of Mopani District implemented the No-Fee School policy regarding the use and management of school finances. Qualitative case study was used. Four schools, two primary and two secondary schools, were sampled. Three methods of data collection were used: interviews, document analysis (school records such as SGB minutes, finance policy, School Business Plan/School Development Plan, budgets, auditors’ reports, etc.) and observation. Interviews were conducted with school principals, teachers, parents and learners. The research findings indicate that the three SGBs have the capacity to practise good financial management in relation to the No-Fee school policy, although they still need to improve on some areas of responsibility. These SGBs demonstrated sound and good practice in the use and management of school finances. However, one SGB was struggling to practice good financial management responsibility. This school has the potential to improve its capacity to execute its financial responsibility if provided with support. Key words: South African Schools Act (SASA), National Norms and Standards for School Funding (NNSSF), Amended National Norms and Standards For School Funding (ANNSSF), No-Fee School Policy, Equity, Access and Redress, Use and management of school finances.
Beaume, Laëtitia. "Synthèse et étude de complexes di- et tri- nucléaires du fer inspirés du site actif des hydrogénases [FeFe]." Thesis, Brest, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BRES0010/document.
Повний текст джерелаHydrogenases are metalloenzymes found in Nature which are able to catalyse the production and the uptake of dihydrogen. Reports orr the structures of these hydrogénases have revealed the organometallic nature of their active sites, which are based on bimetallic assemblies containing nickel and iron atoms. Therefore, many diiron complexes have been synthesized in order to understand and to reproduce the high efficiency of [FeFe]- hydrogenases towards the reversible conversion of protons into dihydrogen. In particular, dithiolato-bridged diiron compounds, with bidentate ligands, have been developed in reason of results of theoretical studies which have suggested that an asymmetrical disubstitution at one iron atom of such bioinspired molecules may allow to reproduce some structural key features of the active site. One part of the works reported in this thesis concems pursuing studies previously undertaken in the laboratory on the use of bidentate chelating ligands with diiron bioinspired models of [FeFe] hydrogenases, such as 1,10- phenanthroline or diphosphines. Another part reports the development of a systematîc way for the synthesis of original trinuclear iron clusters having a quasi-linear arrangement of the three iron atoms. Electrochemical behaviours of the synthesized species as well as their reactivity in acidic medium have been studied
Robin, Françoise. "Réactivité des complexes di- et polynucléaires : étude des réactions de susbtitution électrocatalytiques et thermiques dans les clusters-alcynes dinucléaires et trinucléaires du fer : évolution des alcynes dans ces dérivés et dans les clusters-alcynes tetranucléaires." Brest, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BRES2003.
Повний текст джерелаKALAM-ALAMI, MAHMOUD MOUS. "Etude de la reactivite stoechiometrique ou catalytique de clusters de metaux de transition du groupe 8." Toulouse 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU30017.
Повний текст джерелаRiethausen, Jana [Verfasser], Wolfgang [Akademischer Betreuer] Gärtner, and Karl-Erich [Akademischer Betreuer] Jäger. "Isolierung und funktionelle Charakterisierung neuartiger Hydrogenasen sowie synthetischer [FeS] Cluster Proteine / Jana Riethausen. Gutachter: Wolfgang Gärtner ; Karl-Erich Jäger." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1035502178/34.
Повний текст джерелаAbualhaj, Bedor [Verfasser], and Frederik [Akademischer Betreuer] Wenz. "[18F]FET-PET brain image segmentation using k-means: Evaluation of five cluster validity indices / Bedor Abualhaj ; Betreuer: Frederik Wenz." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1178010406/34.
Повний текст джерелаPuglisi, Rita. "Structural and functional characterization of chaperones in Fe-S cluster biogenesis and regulation." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2017. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/structural-and-functional-characterization-of-chaperones-in-fes-cluster-biogenesis-and-regulation(b2e55aa5-c7b3-4113-8222-7e856a26a36b).html.
Повний текст джерелаMohr, Vivian Mikal. "High-growth firms in a high-tech cluster : the case of Cambridge, U.K." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609899.
Повний текст джерелаBeh, Ongueng Yves-Alain. "Simulation atomistique Monte Carlo Cinétique des processus de croissance de couches passives sur alliage métalliques : cas des alliages Fer-Chrome." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00811576.
Повний текст джерелаSchuler, Thomas. "Influence des amas lacunes-solutés sur le vieillissement des solutions solides de Fer-α". Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112170/document.
Повний текст джерелаUnderstanding and monitoring the aging of steels under vacancy supersaturation is a challenge of great practical interest for many industrial groups, and most of all for those related to nuclear energy. These steels always contain interstitial solutes, either as alloying elements or as impurities, and vacancies (V) that are equilibrium structural defects of materials. We have chosen the Fe-V -X system (X = C, N or O) as a model system for ferritic steels. Vacancy-solute clusters are likely to form in such systems because, despite the very low concentrations of their components, these cluster show very high attractive bonding. First of all, we have been working on the computation of intrinsic equilibrium properties of individual clusters, both thermodynamic (free binding energies) and kinetic (mobilities, dissociation coefficients, and their relationship with continuum diffusion) properties. Thanks to this atomic-scale characterization procedure, we have been able to highlight various effects of these clusters on a macroscopic system containing different cluster types : increase of solute solubility limits and total vacancy concentrations, flux couplings between interstitial solutes and vacancies, acceleration of solute precipitation kinetics and precipitate dissolution by solid solution stabilization due to vacancies. These results would not have been obtained without the development and/or extension of analytical methods in statistical physics which are able to describe cluster’s components and their interactions at the atomic scale. Finally, we have also been working on cavities in α-iron, the study of which requires a different approach. Our study highlights the impact of the atomic discrete lattice on the equilibrium shape of cavities, and describes various kinetic mechanisms of these objects at the atomic scale
Pagnier, Adrien. "Maturation de sites métalliques de protéines par les machineries d'assemblage des centres fer-soufre ISC et Hyd." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAV016.
Повний текст джерелаMany proteins have inorganic cofactors containing transition metals. The physicochemical properties of these metals allow the enzymes, which carry them to catalyze reactions not possible when only using the chemical properties of the twenty-two amino acids. However, these metals are toxic to the cell when they are free. Consequently, the synthesis and incorporation of these cofactors into enzymes requires complex protein assembles. In this thesis, the FeS clusters synthesis mechanisms by the ISC (Iron-Sulfur Cluster) and Hyd (Hydrogenase) machineries were studied. The ISC system corresponds to the primary FeS clusters assembly machinery in bacteria, and a homologous system exists in mitochondria. The Hyd system is FeFe-hydrogenase active site maturation machinery found in several lower eukaryotes (algae and protists) and in a wide variety of bacteria. Initially, we studied the ISC machinery from Archaeoglobus fulgidus whose core is composed of the cysteine desulfurase IscS and the scaffold protein IscU; IscS delivers the sulfur needed for the FeS assembly to IscU. From this study we conclude that IscS from Archaeoglobus fulgidus has no cysteine desulfurase activity, but it still plays a fundamental role in FeS cluster synthesis by IscSU complex by providing a cysteine ligand to the nascent cluster. Secondly, we studied the radical S-adenosyl-L-methionine HydG, responsible for the synthesis of CN- and CO ligand of the active site [FeFe] subcluster, which was the only Hyd system maturase for which the structure was unknown. Our structural and functional results suggest that HydG successively synthesizes the CN- ligand at a basic site, and then the CO ligand at the unique fifth Fe ion of its C-terminal [5Fe-4S] cluster. The latter could be stabilized by either a cysteine or a homocysteine ligand
Feng, Jian. "Effect of redox potential, sulfide ions and a persulfide forming cysteine residue on carbon monoxide dehydrogenase." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2197.
Повний текст джерелаVallese, Francesca. "New insights into the [FeFe]-hydrogenase maturation pathway." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422652.
Повний текст джерелаLo scopo del mio progetto di dottorato è stato quello di ottenere nuove informazioni strutturali e funzionali nell’ambito dello studio del sistema di maturazione della [FeFe]-idrogenasi. Nonostante negli ultimi anni siano stati fatti dei passi avanti nella comprensione di questo pathway di maturazione, rimangono comunque molti elementi che devono essere chiariti per poter capire come avviene tale processo. A questo scopo il mio lavoro si è concentrato su questi argomeni di studio: La risoluzione della struttura tridimensionale di HydF, la proteina chiave del sistema di maturazione delle [FeFe]-idrogenasi. I risultati, e l’analisi della struttura e dei suoi domini, sono contenuti nel primo capitolo della tesi. Le informazioni ottenute hanno inoltre aperto nuovi scenari che mi hanno permesso di ipotizzare lo studio delle relazioni struttura-funzione della proteina HydF, che ho riportato negli altri due capitoli. Nel secondo capitolo ho riproposto il lavoro che ci ha permesso di caratterizzare il binding pocket del cluster FeS di HydF. In particolare abbiamo analizzato il ruolo nella coordinazione del cluster di due istidine presenti in prossimità delle tre cisteine conservate in tutti i dominii dei cluster FeS. Nell’ultima parte del mio lavoro (che è stato raccolto nel terzo capitolo) ho concentrato la mia attenzione nella caratterizzazione biochimica delle interazioni tra HydF e degli altri componenti del sistema di maturazione, e HydF ha un ruolo sia di scaffold che di carrier in questo sistema. Inoltre ho cercato di approfondire il ruolo di HydF come GTPasi, che era stato visto essere essenziale per l’attivazione della FeFe idrogenasi.
Rouvre, Ingrid. "Hydrogénase - Promoteur ou inhibiteur de la corrosion microbienne ?" Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2016. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/16482/1/Rouvre_Ingrid.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаRoland, Mélanie. "Étude fonctionnelle de facteurs de maturation tardifs des protéines fer-soufre chloroplastiques chez A. thaliana." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0235.
Повний текст джерелаNumerous cellular processes such as respiration, photosynthesis, nitrogen and sulfur assimilation or vitamin and secondary metabolite synthesis, rely on iron-sulfur (Fe-S) proteins. In plants, the maturation of chloroplastic, mitochondrial and cytosolic or nuclear proteins depends on the SUF, ISC and CIA machineries respectively. In plastids, an Fe-S cluster is assembled on the SUFBC2D scaffold complex before being transferred to target proteins via transfer proteins. The objective was to understand the role of the SUFA1, IBA57.2 and NFU1 transfer proteins by analyzing their ability to bind Fe-S clusters and isolating their partners within the SUF machinery and among known chloroplastic targets in order to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of these interactions. In vitro Fe-S cluster reconstitution experiments using recombinant proteins have shown that SUFA1, NFU1 and the SUFA1-IBA57.2 complex bind different types of Fe-S clusters. In addition, NFU1 binds a [4Fe-4S] cluster within a dimer that can be transferred to SUFA1, but also to the target proteins, ISPG and THIC, two enzymes involved in the synthesis of isoprenoids and thiamine. All the interactions identified by yeast two-hybrid and/or BiFC for these proteins, but also for NFU2, NFU3 and HCF101, allowed refining their respective roles for the maturation of some of the 50 chloroplastic Fe-S proteins
Oelze, Tim Günter [Verfasser], Maria [Akademischer Betreuer] Krikunova, Maria [Gutachter] Krikunova, and Marcel [Gutachter] Mudrich. "Untersuchung der photoinduzierten Dynamik in Clustern sowie Pulslängenbestimmung am FEL mittels THz-Lichtfeld-Streaking / Tim Günter Oelze ; Gutachter: Maria Krikunova, Marcel Mudrich ; Betreuer: Maria Krikunova." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1218595515/34.
Повний текст джерелаHammami, Firas. "Modélisation dynamique logique de la biogenèse des centres fer-soufre chez Escherichia coli." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0349.
Повний текст джерелаIron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are essential cofactors conserved in all domains of life. Fe-S biogenesis is extremely sensitive to stresses such as iron deprivation and oxidative stress, notably due to H2O2. Two machineries, Isc and Suf, allow the Fe-S assembly and their transfer to Fe-S proteins. In the model bacterium Escherichia coli, Isc is considered as the machinery used under optimal growth conditions, whereas Suf is used during stress.In this PhD thesis, we propose a logical mathematical model of the regulatory network controlling the Fe-S biogenesis process, in order to better understand the underlying regulatory mechanisms and the dynamics of the process depending on environmental factors such as iron and oxygen levels.In this PhD thesis, we propose a logical mathematical model of the regulatory network controlling the Fe-S biogenesis process, in order to better understand the underlying regulatory mechanisms and the dynamics of the process depending on environmental factors such as iron and oxygen levels.This logical model is centered on three modules describing the Fe-S biogenesis, the iron homeostasis module and the oxidative stress module centered on H2O2 response. The model inputs represent extracellular iron and oxygen environmental conditions, whereas ErpA, NfuA (Fe-S carrier proteins), and Suf are output nodes of the model.In addition to the enhancement of the crosstalks between the three modules mentioned above, the model provides several predictions such as the fact that perturbations of oxidative stress module affect iron homeostasis, but not vice versa
Przybyla-Toscano, Jonathan. "Étude des protéines NFU, ISCA et FDX, impliquées dans la maturation des centres fer-soufre dans les mitochondries d’Arabidopsis thaliana." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0127.
Повний текст джерелаIn plants, iron-sulfur (Fe-S) proteins are involved in crucial processes such as photosynthesis and respiration. The maturation of these proteins requires the de novo synthesis of their Fe-S clusters through dedicated assembly machineries. Plants have three Fe-S cluster assembly machineries, namely SUF, ISC and CIA, devoted to the maturation of plastidial, mitochondrial and nuclear or cytosolic proteins, respectively. During the mitochondrial Fe-S protein maturation, a [2Fe-2S] cluster is first assembled on the ISU scaffold protein then transferred to target proteins with the help of chaperones and various transfer proteins. If these steps are sufficient for the maturation of [2Fe-2S] proteins, a reductive coupling process of two [2Fe-2S] clusters is required for the maturation of [4Fe-4S] proteins. This conversion needs transfer proteins and an electrons donor, potentially the same ferredoxin which acts during the first step of the Fe-S cluster biogenesis for sulfur reduction. By combining molecular, biochemical and genetic approaches, the involvement of NFU and ISCA transfer protein and mitochondrial ferredoxin (mFDX) in the late transfer and conversion steps has been explored during this PhD project by using the Arabidopsis thaliana plant model. Yeast complementation experiments have demonstrated that plant NFU and ISCA proteins have functions similar to their respective orthologs, suggesting that these late steps are conserved. However, unlike yeast, the characterization of nfu mutant lines indicates that both proteins are essential for early embryonic development. At the molecular level, in vivo and in vitro approaches have shown an interaction between ISCA1a or ISCA1b and ISCA2, NFU4 and NFU5 but no interaction with the two mFDX whose participation in the late steps remains uncertain. The formation of ISCA1-ISCA2 holo-heterocomplexes has been confirmed by co-expression in E. coli and purification of recombinant proteins. Overall, the literature and results obtained here highlight a model where ISCA1/2 heterocomplexes would act immediately downstream of NFU proteins which would a minima allow [4Fe-4S] cluster maturation of the lipoate synthase. This sole partner could primarily explain the lethality of a nfu4 x nfu5 double mutant because the activity of several proteins central for the mitochondrial metabolism depends on lipoic acid
Marinoni, Elodie. "Maturation de sites métalliques de protéines par les protéines à radical S-Adénosyl-L-méthionine et la machinerie de fabrication des centres fer-soufre." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00680023.
Повний текст джерелаRimmelin, Jean. "Etude des relations structure-reactivite electrochimique dans quelques clusters du cobalt et du rhodium." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13176.
Повний текст джерелаOhm, Thorsten. "Effet tunnel quantique de l'aimantation dans un aimant moleculaire, Fe8." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10187.
Повний текст джерелаRoret, Thomas. "Caractérisation structurale d'états oligomériques de protéines impliquées dans l'homéostasie du fer : les protéines BolA et les glutarédoxines." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0250/document.
Повний текст джерелаIntermolecular interactions in living cells are complex and help convey the information indispensable to the survival of the organism at a given time. It even happens that various stakeholders are involved at different stages of the same process. Among many biological processes present within living cells, the biogenesis of iron-sulfur clusters appears to be very complex. This complexity is probably related to cellular toxicity of both free iron and free sulfur. Thus the different stages of iron-sulfur clusters biosynthesis must be tightly regulated. Recent studies highlight that BolA proteins and class II glutaredoxins are involved in iron homeostasis probably by acting alone or in a concerted manner. However, the current function of these proteins in the various steps of the iron-sulfur clusters biogenesis is yet unidentified. To better understand how BolA proteins and glutaredoxins fulfill their biological function, we studied throughout this PhD work the ability of Arabidopsis thaliana proteins to form homodimers and heterodimers. To do this, X-ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance and other spectroscopic methods were used to structurally characterize the different oligomeric states of these two proteins
Bougault, Catherine. "Nouveaux agrégats fer-soufre dissymétriques à ligands trithiols cyclotriveratrylènes : synthèses et caractérisations physico-chimiques." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10144.
Повний текст джерелаRandelius, Mats. "Influence of microstructure on fatigue and ductility properties of tool steels." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm : Materialvetenskap, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4624.
Повний текст джерелаMolle, Thibaut. "Modification de macromolécules par insertion radicalaire. Etude de la méthylthiotransférase RimO et de la 4-demethylwyosine synthase TYW1 appartenant toutes deux à la superfamille Radical SAM." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENV061/document.
Повний текст джерелаOver the last twenty years, the insertion reactions of atoms or molecular fragments into poorly reactive C-H bonds have been actively investigated but the details of their mechanisms remain largely unknown. Enzymes belonging to the "Radical-SAM" superfamily catalyze the activation of their substrate using a [4Fe-4S] in conjunction with the co-substrate S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). Radical insertion enzymes are a subgroup of this family and contain a second iron-sulfur cluster involved in the activation of the second substrate allowing the insertion reaction by radical coupling to take place. The work presented in this thesis is focusing on two enzymes, the first one, RimO is a methylthiotransferase (MTTase) that catalyzes the insertion of a thiomethyl group on the beta position of D89 residue of the ribosomal protein S12 (β-ms-D89-S12). The second one, TYW1, or 4-demethylwyosine synthase, catalyzes the insertion of the acetyl moiety of pyruvate into a C-H bond of a N-methyl group of a guanine derivative in some eukaryotic and archeal tRNAs. This insertion reaction leads to the formation of a tricyclic ring and through several steps to wybutosine (yW), a hypermodified nucleotide important for the translational fidelity of the cell. In this work we demonstrate that these radical inserting enzymes utilize the two iron-sulfur clusters to cooperate and that they control the different partners of the reaction by original redox mechanisms
Pötschke, Markus. "Simulation of electric field-assisted nanowire growth from aqueous solutions." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-194735.
Повний текст джерелаZiel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, mittels physikalischer und chemischer Modelle die Mechanismen des Nanodrahtwachstums aus wässrigen Lösungen zu erforschen und daraus eine optimierte Prozesskontrolle abzuleiten. Dabei werden zwei Verfahren des Nanodrahtwachstums näher betrachtet: Dies sind die dielektrophoretische Assemblierung von neutralen Molekülen oder Metallclustern sowie die gerichtete elektrochemische Nanodrahtabscheidung (engl. directed electrochemical nanowire assembly), bei der metallhaltige Ionen im elektrischen Wechselfeld an der Nanodrahtspitze zunächst reduziert und anschließend als Metallatome abgeschieden werden. Zur Beschreibung der Transport- und Wachstumsprozesse werden Kontinuumsmodelle eingesetzt. Darüber hinaus hat es sich als notwendig erwiesen, elektrokinetische Fluidströmungen zu berücksichtigen, um die experimentellen Beobachtungen zu reproduzieren. Die auftretenden partiellen Differenzialgleichungen werden mittels der Finiten Elemente Methode (FEM) numerisch gelöst. Die Auswirkungen der Prozessparameter auf das Nanodrahtwachstum werden durch den Vergleich von experimentellen Ergebnissen mit Parameterstudien analysiert. Die Auswertung hat ergeben, dass für das dielektrophoretische Wachstum ein durch Wechselfeldelektroosmose (engl. AC electro-osmosis) angetriebener Fluidstrom die Drahtwachstumsgeschwindigkeit und -morphologie maßgeblich beeinflusst. Im Falle der gerichteten elektrochemischen Nanodrahtabscheidung lässt sich die Drahtmorphologie über das angelegte elektrische Wechselsignal steuern. Unter Verwendung des Wachstumsmodells ist ein optimiertes Signal generiert worden, dessen Parametrisierung eine gezielte Anpassung auf den chemischen Ausgangsstoff und den gewünschten Drahtdurchmesser erlaubt
Ierno, Hélène. "Modélisation chimique de protéines fer-soufre : synthèses et caractérisations physico-chimiques de nouveaux agrégats à ligands imidazoles." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10151.
Повний текст джерелаSaheb, Amir Hossein. "Sensing materials based on ionic liquids." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24789.
Повний текст джерелаCommittee Chair: Janata, Jiri; Committee Member: Bunz, Uwe; Committee Member: Collard, David; Committee Member: Josowicz, Mira; Committee Member: Kohl, Paul.
Lenormand-Foucaut, Alix. "Modélisation chimique de protéines fer-soufre à haut potentiel : synthèses et caractérisations physico-chimiques de nouveaux agrégats à ligands thiolates encombrés dans les états (4Fe-4S)2+ et (4Fe-4S)3+." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10056.
Повний текст джерелаLebigot, Elise. "Exploration d'anomalies mitochondriales dans les fibroblastes de patients atteints de déficit dans les voies de biogenèse des centres fer-soufre ou de synthèse de l'acide lipoïque." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS027.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this work is to study mitochondrial dysfunctions related to a defect of protein lipoylation in fibroblasts of 14 patients. These patients carry a point mutation in a gene encoding for a protein involved either in lipoic acid biosynthesis (LIPT1 or LIPT2) or in the mitochondrial pathway devoted to iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis (FDX1L, ISCA1, ISCA2, IBA57, NFU1, BOLA3) essential for maturation of mitochondrial Fe-S proteins such as lipoic acid synthase (LIAS). This work describes the second case of FDX1L deficiency and a patient with a new mutation in ISCA1 gene.We found that mitochondrial [4Fe-4S] proteins (mitochondrial aconitase, complexes I and II of the respiratory chain and LIAS) are mainly affected in fibroblasts of patients with defect in the mitochondrial Fe-S maturation pathway. Secondary, LIAS dysfunction leads to decreased lipoylation of PDHc and KGDHc, complexes involved in energy metabolism. Neither mitochondrial network nor oxidative stress biomarkers was modified in our study. Addition of exogenous lipoic acid did not rescue the mitochondrial deficiency.Protein expression profiles obtained in fibroblasts of patients suggest that NFU1, BOLA3 and IBA57 and also ISCA1, ISCA2 and IBA57 could function and interact together to form protein complexes
Elbaz, David. "Origine du fer dans le milieu intra-amas et distribution du gaz X dans les amas de galaxies." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00724350.
Повний текст джерелаPierrot, David. "Détection dynamique des intrusions dans les systèmes informatiques." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2077.
Повний текст джерелаThe expansion and democratization of the digital world coupled with the effect of the Internet globalization, has allowed individuals, countries, states and companies to interconnect and interact at incidence levels never previously imagined. Cybercrime, in turn, is unfortunately one the negative aspects of this rapid global interconnection expansion. We often find malicious individuals and/or groups aiming to undermine the integrity of Information Systems for either financial gain or to serve a cause. The consequences of an intrusion can be problematic for the existence of a company or an organization. The impacts are synonymous with financial loss, brand image degradation and lack of seriousness. The detection of an intrusion is not an end in itself, the reduction of the delta detection-reaction has become a priority. The different existing solutions prove to be cumbersome to set up. Research has identified more efficient data mining methods, but integration into an information system remains difficult. Capturing and converting protected resource data does not allow detection within acceptable time frames. Our contribution helps to detect intrusions. Protect us against Firewall events which reduces the need for computing power while limiting the knowledge of the information system by intrusion detectors. We propose an approach taking into account the technical aspects by the use of a hybrid method of data mining but also the functional aspects. The addition of these two aspects is grouped into four phases. The first phase is to visualize and identify network activities. The second phase concerns the detection of abnormal activities using data mining methods on the source of the flow but also on the targeted assets. The third and fourth phases use the results of a risk analysis and a safety verification technique to prioritize the actions to be carried out. All these points give a general vision on the hygiene of the information system but also a direction on monitoring and corrections to be made.The approach developed to a prototype named D113. This prototype, tested on a platform of experimentation in two architectures of different size made it possible to validate our orientations and approaches. The results obtained are positive but perfectible. Prospects have been defined in this direction
Zheng, Ce. "Synthèse de nano-amas d'oxyde métallique par implantation ionique dans un alliage Fe10Cr de haute pureté." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS091/document.
Повний текст джерелаODS (Oxide Dispersed Strengthened) steels, which are reinforced with metal dispersions of nano-oxides (based on Y, Ti and O elements), are promising materials for future nuclear reactors. The detailed understanding of the mechanisms involved in the precipitation of these nano-oxides would improve manufacturing and mechanical properties of these ODS steels, with a strong economic impact for their industrialization. To experimentally study these mechanisms, an analytical approach by ion implantation is used, to control various parameters of synthesis of these precipitates as the temperature and concentration. This study demonstrated the feasibility of this method and concerned the behaviour of alloys models (based on aluminium oxide) under thermal annealing. High purity Fe-10Cr alloys were implanted with Al and O ions at room temperature. Transmission electron microscopy observations showed that the nano-oxides appear in the Fe-10Cr matrix upon ion implantation at room temperature without subsequent annealing. The mobility of implanted elements is caused by the defects created during ion implantation, allowing the nucleation of these nanoparticles, of a few nm in diameter. These nanoparticles are composed of aluminium and oxygen, and also chromium. The high-resolution experiments show that their crystallographic structure is that of a non-equilibrium compound of aluminium oxide (cubic γ-Al₂O₃ type). The heat treatment performed after implantation induces the growth of the nano-sized oxides, and a phase change that tends to balance to the equilibrium structure (hexagonal α-Al₂O₃ type). These results on model alloys are fully applicable to industrial materials: indeed ion implantation reproduces the conditions of milling and heat treatments are at equivalent temperatures to those of thermo-mechanical treatments. A mechanism involving the precipitation of nano-oxide dispersed in ODS alloys is proposed in this manuscript based on the obtained experimental results, and the existing literature
Igbaria, Aeid. "Functional redox compartmentation of GSH in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA112189.
Повний текст джерелаCys residue oxidation is a widespread biochemical modification occurring in all eukaryotic cells compartments. It serves oxidative protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), protein import in the intermembrane space of mitochondria (IMS), and it has a regulatory role in the mitochondrial matrix and in the cytosol where it controls enzymes and signaling regulatory proteins activity. In all these processes, reversibility of Cys residue oxidation is a crucial feature. Two potent oxidoreductase systems, the glutathione (GSH) and thioredoxin pathways, catalyze disulfide bond reduction, and presumably control most thiol-redox-dependent cellular processes. However, despite tremendous knowledge of their enzymology, little is known about the physiological features of these systems in eukaryotes. To determine the physiologic importance of these functions and sort out which of them accounts for the GSH requirement for viability, we performed a comprehensive analysis of yeast cells depleted of or containing toxic levels of GSH. Both conditions triggered an intense iron-starvation-like response and impaired the activity of extra-mitochondrial ISC enzymes, but did not impact thiol-redox maintenance, except high glutathione levels that altered oxidative protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum. While iron partially rescued the ISC maturation and growth defects of GSH-depleted cells, genetic experiments indicated that unlike thioredoxin, glutathione could not support by itself the thiolredox duties of the cell. We propose that glutathione is essential by its requirement in ISC assembly but only serves as a thioredoxin back up in cytosolic thiol-redox maintenance. Glutathione high physiologic levels are thus meant to insulate its function in iron metabolism from variations of its concentration during redox stresses, a model challenging the traditional view of it as prime actor in cytosolic thiol-redox control.Our preliminary data on the distribution of GSH inside cells collected by monitoring the redox state of rxYFP targeted to different cell compartments (ER, Matrix, Cytosol and IMS) in HGT1 cells indicate a specific transport of GSH into the ER and export of GSSG out of it. We were able to characterize two ABC transporters on which their deletion modify the redox state of the ER to more oxidizing and result in accumulation of higher GSSG content compared to WT. These data were confirmed by looking to the redox state of the PDI1 and ERO1 (WT and hyper active), all together suggest a role of these transporters in GSSG export from the ER, and that GSH flux between the different compartments is highly regulated
Srour, Batoul. "Emerging roles for natural and artificial lipids in shaping the catalytic function, stability and oligomeric state of membrane proteins." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAF068/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe study of biological membranes involves the examination of the different properties of its main components: as lipids and proteins. In this manuscript, the lipid-lipid interaction and the lipid-protein interaction were monitored by vibrational spectroscopy (Raman and Infrared). We have been interested in the first part in studying the structure and organization of phospholipids in the gel phase and the liquid crystalline phase using mid infrared spectroscopy. In addition, the effect of the head group composition on the hydrogen bonding behaviour of lipid mixtures was probed using far infrared spectroscopy. In the second part, the interaction of the NADH ubiquinone oxidoreductase protein and NuoL mutant (D563N) with zinc was investigated through FTIR difference spectroscopy where the conformational changes upon zinc binding were monitored. Finally, the metal-ligand vibrations of the iron- sulfur clusters in NuoB mutants (C64A G100C) at different pH were analysed using Raman spectroscopy