Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Feux de surfaces"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся зі списками актуальних статей, книг, дисертацій, тез та інших наукових джерел на тему "Feux de surfaces".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Статті в журналах з теми "Feux de surfaces":
KONKO, Yawo, Bareremna AFELU, and Kouami KOKOU. "Potentialité des données satellitaires Sentinel-2 pour la cartographie de l’impact des feux de végétation en Afrique tropicale : application au Togo." BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 347 (March 31, 2021): 59–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2021.347.a36349.
Rossi, Lucile. "Développement de systèmes de mesure basés sur la Stéréovision dédiés aux feux en propagation." Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection, no. 201 (April 16, 2014): 2–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.52638/rfpt.2013.41.
Faerber, Johanna. "De l'incendie destructeur à une gestion raisonnée de l'environnement : le rôle du feu dans les dynamiques paysagères dans les Pyrénées centrales françaises." Sud-Ouest européen 7, no. 1 (2000): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rgpso.2000.2730.
Godmaire, Anne, and Serge Payette. "Dynamique spatio-temporelle d’une bande forestière près de la limite des forêts, rivière aux Feuilles, Nouveau-Québec." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 35, no. 1 (January 25, 2011): 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1000379ar.
Millet, Jeanne, and Serge Payette. "Influence des feux sur la déforestation des îles centrales du lac à l’Eau Claire, Québec nordique." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 41, no. 1 (December 18, 2007): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/032666ar.
Zhang, Pengze, Jingyu Yan, Fei Han, Xianliang Qiao, Qingxin Guan, and Wei Li. "Controllable assembly of Fe3O4–Fe3C@MC by in situ doping of Mn for CO2 selective hydrogenation to light olefins." Catalysis Science & Technology 12, no. 7 (2022): 2360–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2cy00173j.
Yedmel, Memel S. Ch, Adjumane A. Kadio, Olivier J. Hardy, N’Guessan François Kouame, and Nicolas S. Barbier. "Impact du feu sur la structure et la composition floristique d’un peuplement forestier de Côte d’Ivoire et interaction avec les traitements sylvicoles." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 40, no. 10 (October 2010): 1904–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x10-117.
Oloukoi, J., I. Yabi, and D. Johnson. "Influence des Facteurs Climatiques et Topograpbiques . Sur Les Risques de Feux de Vegetation au Centre du Benin." Journal of Geospatial Science and Technology 1, no. 1 (November 1, 2014): 31–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.54222/afrigist/jgst/v1i1.3.
Pan, Yueshen, Xiaoxu Ding, Chao Zhang, Minghui Zhu, Zixu Yang та Yi-Fan Han. "Effects of Different Reductive Agents on Zn-Promoted Iron Oxide Phases in the CO2–Fischer–Tropsch to Linear α-Olefins". Catalysts 13, № 3 (16 березня 2023): 594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13030594.
Jalal, W., B. Pinel-Alloul, and G. Méthot. "Suivi à moyen terme des impacts écologiques des feux et des coupes forestières sur la communauté zooplanctonique des lacs de l'écozone boréale." Revue des sciences de l'eau 18 (April 12, 2005): 221–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705585ar.
Дисертації з теми "Feux de surfaces":
Valéa, Françoise. "Etudes des feux de brousse au Burkina-Faso : approches multi-échelles des feux actifs et des surfaces brûlées." Caen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CAEN1596.
In the African savannas, bush fires are a complex phenomenon. Some consider it like a natural factor because of its ecological role of vegetation regeneration. Others assimilate it to a human factor because it related to populations who light fires, decide their rhythm according to their activities and their beliefs. Point of meeting of the surroundings and practices, the bush fires are a demonstration of interface between the nature and the society. The objective of this survey, based on the analysis of the spatial and temporal distribution of bush fires, its explanatory factors, is to understand how takes place the mastery of the middle by fire and its possible mutations. The interest of this survey resides in the game of scale that it generates of by the levels of observations examined (national, regional and local) and their overlapping. Otherwise, the study takes in account as well the natural elements as socioeconomic and cultural factors. The first part of the document makes a state of the knowledge on fires in surroundings of savanna, and puts Burkina Faso forward like site of survey. The methodological gait is fully exposed there: it is founded on the cartography of the active fires and the burnt surfaces as well as the sociological investigations and land observations. The second part presents the results of the cartography of the active fires and puts in relation this distribution with the ecological, climatic and human factors to the scale of Burkina Faso. The third part analyzes the distribution of fires through the burnt areas, to the regional scale of the west part of Burkina Faso. It shows that the landscape structures of this west part of the country condition the distribution of fires. The fourth part deals with the socioeconomic and cultural aspects that enter in the distribution of fires to the local scale
Jamaladdeen, Rawaa. "Investigation on Wildfire Flashovers in the Mediterranean Climate Regions with Emphasis on VOCs Contributions." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ESMA0015.
Requests from the firefighting communities are increasing urging the scientific communities to create operational protective and preventive tools that help them understand extreme wildfire behaviors considering not only the atmospheric conditions but also topography, and vegetation characteristics. Thus, our objective was to provide answers to such requests by investigating the probable factors responsible for intensifying wildfire regimes to flashovers using numerical, and thermobiochemical experimental approaches. The numerical model is a gas dispersion model validating experimental data from wind tunnel tests to resolve the controversy of whether or not the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) accumulations in confined topographies end up inducing wildfire flashovers. It comprises a propagating fire front calculated using the Rothermel semi-empirical steady-state surface fire model, and Van Wagner transition to crown fire behavior criteria, with an integrated unsteady rate of VOC emissions simulating the ones evolving from the vegetation burning in the firefront. To synchronize our work with field input, thermochemical experiments were conducted on various Mediterranean vegetation species to examine their VOC emission rates in normal and stressful environmental conditions as they may end up defining different flammability scenarios in wildfires. First, two Mediterranean shrub species: Cistus albidus and Rosmarinus officinalis are explored for their VOC emissions and physiological changes after being subjected to abiotic stresses (drought and heat), using pyrolysis-gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) analyses. Two other Mediterranean forest species: Quercus suber L. and Cupressus sempervirens horizontalis L. were investigated for their distinctive flammability characteristics using thermo-gravimetric and differential thermal analyses (TG/DTA), coupled with Py-GC/MS analysis to identify the gases emitted during the exo-thermic peaks. This step aims to better understand the flammability descriptors of these species as a part of a more efficient forest management strategy by which, favoring the plantation of certain lesser flammable species in silviculture measures may protect other more flammable but economically valuable species, from the dangers of wildfires and their extreme behaviors. Mediterranean vegetation species are important VOC emitters especially when provoked by external stresses during wildfires however, some biogenic VOCs (BVOCs), more particularly sesquiterpenes, are still not thoroughly covered for their flammability characteristics, such as their lower and upper flammability limits, auto-ignition temperatures, flashpoints, etc. Such a scientific lack we found it necessary to enrich by studying the flammability limits of β-Caryophyllene, one of the most important sesquiterpenes emitted from Mediterranean vegetation. Preliminary tests for measuring the vapor pressures of β-Caryophyllene are conducted in preparation for experimenting its flammability limits in a spherical bomb as future plans. The work in this thesis should be considered as the first step in a more global approach that should provide operational firefighting staff, with a comprehensive decision-making tool capable of shaping their forest management strategies from wildfire characteristics themselves and protecting wildlands and firefighters equally from the dangers and extreme behaviors of wildfire flashovers
Marcelli, Thierry. "Propagation de feux de forêt : Modélisation et étude expérimentale de la transition d'un feu de surface vers un feu de cime." Corte, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CORT0005.
Dorez, Gaëlle. "Formulation et comportement au feu de composites biosourcés." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20144.
The environmental awareness in the society is increasing and leads to a strong demand in material from renewable resources, such as biocomposites. The thermal sensitivity and the flammability restrict their use for certain applications such as building. The fire safety regulation is of prime importance and requires adaptive solutions to be found to improve the fire behavior of these materials.In this context, we have studied the thermal degradation and the fire behavior of natural fibers and particularly the effect of its components on the fire behavior. Then, we studied the reactivity of four moieties (amine, carboxylic acid, alkoxisilane and phosphonic acid) on the natural fibers. The grafting characterization was carried out with original techniques based on thermal degradation.Then, we are interested on the thermal degradation and the fire behaviour of biocomposites. We studied the fire behaviour of biocomposite based on PBS and natural fibers varying different parameters such as the amount of fibers, the type of natural fibers and the influence of a phosphonated fire retardant. Two fireproofing strategies have been tested: the addition in polymer matrix and the grafting on natural fibers of fire retardant. To go further in the fireproofing strategy by fire retardant grafting, we have compared the influence of the molecule or macromolecule grafting on the fire behaviour of flax and PBS/flax biocomposite
Jacquin, Anne. "Dynamique de la végétation des savanes en lien avec l’usage des feux à Madagascar : analyse par série temporelle d’images de télédétection." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2010. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7223/1/jacquin.pdf.
Gallou, Hélène. "Amélioration du comportement au feu du polyamide 6,6 par traitement de surface et en masse." Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10186/document.
The main objective of this study concerns the development of fire retardant PA66 formulations, reinforced or not with glass fibers, uses for electrical material. The experimental approaches studies the influence of non-halogenous organophosphorous flame retardant, such as melamine polyphosphate, phosphinate, or melamine cyanurate on the fire performance of the PA66 in order to understand the fireproofing mechanisms. The efficiency in terms of fire protection defines the OP1230 as optimal flame retardant. The attention was related more particularly to the formulation with the minimal amount of additive so that the product present to the fire conditions for electric applications. The thermal degradation study shows that no new species are identified during the degradation which indicates that no chemical reaction appears. This means that only physical interactions could explain the improved fire behavior of the heated formulation. The evolution of the intermediate structures has been investigated and mechanisms have been proposed according to the conclusions made. The second axis of the study concerns the use of surface treatments to fireproof the polymer surface. Thin layer deposits using cold plasma assisted polymerization technique or thicker layer by intumescent coating applications were carried out on the PA66-25 % FV after surface activation. Both processes allows to preserve the mechanical and physical properties of the polymer. The last step of the work was to apply the surface treatment on PA66 containing 5 % OP1230 which gives very satisfying results in terms of fire protection, the OP1230 showed the best efficiency in terms of fire protection
Cavodeau, Florian. "Étude de l’amélioration du comportement au feu de polymères thermoplastiques par utilisation d’alumines trihydratées modifiées et de charges de vitrification." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS192/document.
Polymeric materials are booming for many years in the building industry, due to a wide range of properties. However, those materials are particularly heat sensitive and may be easily flammable, contributing to the development of a fire. Because of the implementation of more strict standards related to fire safety, the elaboration of more and more efficient fire retardant systems is necessary.The first goal of this thesis is to study the fire retardant mechanisms of EVA/ATH composites, and particularly the barrier effect. The role of the packing fraction of the particles layer was assessed used the oedometric compression test. The measurement of the resistance to compression of a powder, or a combination, can be used to estimate the efficiency of the barrier effect for EVA/ATH composites.The second goal has focused on the characterization of new fillers in order to improve the fire behavior of the EVA copolymer. Firstly, diatomite was introduced as a synergistic agent with ATH. In a second time, ground colemanite and glass frits were introduced in order to improve the cohesion of the barrier layer and the residue of combustion by vitrification. Colemanite seems to be an efficient fire retardant, because of the endothermic reaction associated with the release of structural water, and a vitrification at high temperature. When the glass frits are introduced in EVA/ATH composites, the formation of the barrier layer is disrupted because of the coagulation of particles. As an upper layer in a skin-core structure, the glass frit vitrifies during the cooling of the sample, improving the cohesion of the residue and acting as a smoke suppressor.Finally, the last goal of this thesis was to functionalize ATH, to improve mechanical and fire retardant properties of EVA. Surface treatment molecules were synthetized, based on a phosphonated monomer, the MAPC1. The presence of a p(MMA-co-MAPC1(OH)2) copolymer at the surface of particles improves the filler dispersion in the matrix, enhancing the elongation at break. The grafting using a p(MAPC1(OH)2) homopolymer also improves the filler dispersion and the elongation at break. Moreover, the phosphorus based functions along the molecular chain, seem to act in condensed phase as a char promoter, and in gaseous phase by means of reactive radicals
Dilger, Melvin. "Flame retardant expanded polypropylene for applications in electric vehicles : design and mechanism of action." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILR066.
Today the sector of transport is changing with the transition from thermal vehicles to electrical vehicles. Thus, the materials widely used in vehicles as EPP also have to change due to higher requirements in terms of fire properties.In this thesis, three approaches were considered to increase the fire properties of EPP and reach a V0 rating at UL-94 vertical test, according to the three steps of manufacturing EPP. In fact, to manufacture EPP, three steps are necessary: (1) the polypropylene (PP) is melt blended with various additives via an extrusion process, (2) the blended PP is expanded, i.e. an expansion gas is introduced into it to form EPP beads and (3) the EPP beads are then molded into the desired shape. Before investigating the different approaches, the UL-94 vertical test was instrumented in order to obtain more information and have a better understanding in terms of fire properties. The different approaches considered were: (1) incorporating flame retardants and synergists into the PP matrix before expansion, this is the most common approach. This approach was deeply investigated with a comparison between several FRs with different modes of action (intumescent FR, free radical generator, etc), an optimization of the most efficient FRs combination and a study of the influence of industrial manufacturing, especially the expansion step. Indeed, the FRs can disrupt the foaming processability (expansion step), due to the high amount of FRs needed and the fact that FRs can play the role of nucleating agents. Moreover, the mechanism of action of the chosen FRs was studied before and after the expansion step. To counter the complexity of the expansion step in the approach (1), alternative approaches were studied in order to validate others concept. The alternative (2), applying a flame-retardant coating on the EPP beads (before molding) and (3) applying a flame-retardant coating to the molded final piece (EPP bars). However, these approaches have also some drawbacks. Indeed, the EPP has poor adhesion properties because it has no functional groups. Thus, an optimization of a plasma treatment was needed in order to increase the adhesion of EPP. Several flame retardant coatings were applied on the surface and the moldability of the coated EPP beads was studied. Finally, the fire properties at UL-94 vertical test of the molded coated EPP beads and coated EPP bars were studied
Messias, Pereira Nogueira Joana. "Apports de la télédétection globale pour la caractérisation et modélisation du régime des incendies au Brésil : vers une approche des patchs de feux." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT126.
Fires are intrinsic disturbances in ecosystems functioning, and affecting species distribution, biogeochemical cycles and biosphere/atmosphere interactions. The spatial and temporal pattern of burnt areas is mainly the consequence of a compromise between fuel biomass availability and its water status. Characterizing and modelling a fire regime then relies on a reliable spatial and temporal evaluation of mainly seasonality and intensity of drought. In fire-prone ecosystems as savannas, the most fire affected biome globally, the only available information on burnt areas are derived from global remote sensing. Despite this information has been widely used for a global assessment of carbon emissions from fires since 2000, uncertainties remain important among data sources available for the scientific community. As well, processes used in the dynamic modelling of burned areas, embedded in vegetation models, are based on empirical equations quantifying the seasonal pattern of drought. For ecosystems like Brazilian savannas where fire information only rely on global remote sensing products, and where the variability in vegetation functional types affects the soil water budget, evaluating uncertainties on these variables is a prerequisite for an adequate modelling of processes. This thesis then aimed at characterizing the fire seasonality and the associated uncertainties in the different Brazilian biomes based on the main sources of global burned area (GFED4, GFED4s, MODIS MCD45A1, ESA FIRECCI) and a panel of drought indices developed by forest services worldwide. This thesis also investigated the same relationships analysis but with burned areas derived from the major dynamic global vegetation models (DGVM) coupled with fire modules, in order to test whether the burned area/drought relationships based on remote sensing are conserved in global models. After a review of the main processes computed in DGVMs, and particularly the new developments on the characterization of fire patches, the second part of this research aimed at evaluating the ability of global remote sensing products at 500m resolution to conserve patch morphologies captured at finer resolutions, for better characterizing fire regimes and evaluate DGVMs performances. The last part of this work used a functional biogeography approach based on fire morphological traits to describe an assemblage of fire events and to compare them between different remote sensing products, in order to evaluate their similarities and discrepancies, or between biomes for a new approach of comparative pyrogeography
Courtat, Julie. "Étude de la fonctionnalisation de charges minérales préformées pour la formation de matériaux polymères en vue d’une tenue au feu améliorée pour un remplacement, à terme, des charges halogénées actuelles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10326.
In order to protect our environment, toxic compounds have to be replaced to meet the new regulations as well as industrial standards. Therefore, to be environmental friendly, some solutions have to be found in terms of fire safety, since halogenated compounds are still used in fire retardant systems. The way studied to solve this problem was to add silica fillers modified by phosphorous or nitrogen agents into two polymer matrices (polypropylene and polybutylene terephthalate). Two different techniques were used to modify the silica surface: the first by grafting and the second by impregnation. Only 10% by weight of untreated or modified fillers was introduced into the polymers thanks to extrusion process. Morphology studies, rheological and fire behaviors as well as thermogravimetric analyses were performed on composites and relationship between those properties have been established. In the case of polypropylene, the untreated fillers induce the most significant reduction of peak of Heat Release Rate while the surface modification by phosphorous agents does not lead to the expected effect on the fire behavior of PP composite. The origin of this phenomenon was deeply studied and was related to the difference of morphology and rheological behavior between the several PP composites. Concerning polybutylene terephthalate, the best fire performances were obtained for composites containing phosphorous modified silica. Given these results, relationships between the type of flame-retardant compound, the viscoelasticity, the formation of a fire protective layer and the improvement of fire behavior has been identified
Книги з теми "Feux de surfaces":
(Canada), Partners in Protection, ed. FireSmart: Protecting your community from wildfire. Edmonton: Partners in Protection, 1999.
Jean Baptiste Louis de Romé de l'Isle. action du Feu Central démontrée Nulle a la Surface du Globe: Contre les Assertions de Mm. le Comte de Buffon, Bailly, de Mairan, &c. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.
Частини книг з теми "Feux de surfaces":
Gratzer, Walter. "Feud." In Eurekas and euphorias, 66–67. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192804037.003.0042.
Klein, Florence. "Marguerite Yourcenar’s ‘Feminism’ and the Ambivalence of Ovidian Models in Feux." In Ovid in French, 188—C11P107. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192895387.003.0011.
Arena, F., G. Gatti, S. Coluccia, G. Martra, and A. Parmaliana. "Structure-activity relationships in the partial oxidation of methane to formaldehyde on FeOx/SiO2 catalysts." In Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, 535–40. Elsevier, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2991(04)80107-1.
Arena, F., F. Frusteri, L. Spadaro, A. Venuto, and A. Parmaliana. "Design, preparation and testing of effective FeOx/SiO2 catalysts in methane to formaldehyde selective oxidation." In Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, 1097–105. Elsevier, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2991(00)80756-9.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Feux de surfaces":
Macken, Jared. "Architectural Feud! The Link Between Adhocism, Collage City, and the Radical Picturesque." In 110th ACSA Annual Meeting Paper Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.110.91.