Дисертації з теми "Fertilizer treatments"
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Owen, Gordon Thomas. "Energy analysis of various tillage and fertilizer treatments on corn silage production." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63267.
Повний текст джерелаOebker, N. F., W. T. Molin, and R. Gibson. "Effect of Methanol Treatments on Chile Pepper and Seedless Watermelon Production in Central Arizona, 1993." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214716.
Повний текст джерелаTrenholm, Leif. "Effects of water table depths and fertilizer treatments on yield and quality of tomatoes." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22818.
Повний текст джерелаWater table treatment was usually highly significant for the parameters measured at harvest. Largest height, equatorial width and yield of tomato fruit occur with 0.6 to 0.8 m WTD. Fertilizer treatments were rarely significant by WTD, but if they were, they tended to be in the 0.3 or 1.0 m WTD. Maintaining a WTD of 0.6 to 0.8 m and fertilizing with 160 kg/ha of K can improve quality and total yield of tomatoes.
Hudson, Donna. "Analysis of the effects of treatments on non-linear models for nitrogen response curves, with implications for design." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360011.
Повний текст джерелаFortuin, Jordache. "Desktop study on Novel Treatment techniques to treat industrial fertilizer effluent." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29878.
Повний текст джерелаPeters, Curtis Lee 1958. "SURFACE RESPONSE OF ONIONS TO CULTURAL TREATMENTS." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276358.
Повний текст джерелаAdogla-Bessa, Tsatsu. "Enzyme treatment of whole-crop wheat silage." Thesis, University of Reading, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278039.
Повний текст джерелаRademacher, Janet Hogan 1961. "GROWTH RESPONSE TO TWO JOJOBA (SIMMONDSIA CHINENSIS (LINK) SCHNEIDER) CLONES TO SIX PHOSPHORUS TREATMENTS." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291248.
Повний текст джерелаMlambo, Patricia Zanele. "Exploring the fertiliser potential of biosolids from algae integrated wastewater treatment systems." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013342.
Повний текст джерелаDuffield, Simon John. "Spatial dynamics of invertebrate recovery in cereals following treatment with the insecticide dimethoate." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306256.
Повний текст джерелаOrndorff, Zenah Wilson. "Phosphorus adsorption on sandy mine tailings : a comparison of treatments with fertilizers, wood ash, and compost /." Thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08142009-040609/.
Повний текст джерелаSherwood, R. P. "On-farm treatment of barley straw with urea to improve digestibility and intake by sheep." Thesis, University of Reading, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371458.
Повний текст джерелаRance, Logan T. "Understanding Student Perceptions of Biosolids and Other Fertilizers in Central Ohio." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587657377716495.
Повний текст джерелаKatugampalage, Lalith Gamini Perera Usanee Uyasatian. "Utilization of sludge from Biyagama common wastewater treatment plant as fertilizer and soil conditioner in Sri Lanka /." Abstract, 2007. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2550/cd399/4837460.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаShepherd, Jessica Grace. "Ochre and biochar : technologies for phosphorus capture and re-use." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28907.
Повний текст джерелаElving, Josefine. "Pathogen inactivation and regrowth in organic waste during biological treatment /." SLU : Dept. of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2009. http://epsilon.slu.se/11652700.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаL'Espérance, Audrey. "Fertilize-this: Framing Infertility in Quebec, Ontario and England Between 1990 and 2010." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24288.
Повний текст джерелаNordin, Andreas. "Heavy metal removal from sewage sludge by pyrolysis treatment." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-8807.
Повний текст джерелаLeon, Johanna-Louise, and Stephanie Gellberg. "Information om fertilitet och risk för infertilitet vid en cancerbehandling : En litteraturstudie om kvinnors upplevelse." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-42106.
Повний текст джерелаBackground: Cancer treatments can have many consequences in women where damage to their ovarian tissue can lead to medical infertility. Fertilitypreservation is a method that should be offered to women undergoing cancer treatment to preserve gametes in women in risk of becoming infertile depending on cancer diagnosis, cancer treatment and relationship status. Aim: The aim of the literature study was to illuminate women's experiences receiving information regarding fertility and risk of infertility during a cancer treatment. Method: The literature study was based on five qualitative and three quantitative studies. Result: There's a distinct red line in women's experiences of lack off or no information at all related to how fertility could be affected by a cancer treatment. When informed the experience was mostly negative and women were left unknowing with reflections and thoughts. Out of the eight studies two main themes emerged: Lack of information and Non equal information. Conclusion: Because of the chances of cancer survival in todays society are higher than before the healthcare community needs to prioritize individuals and focus on life after cancer. Information given should be individualized for patients to enable the best conditions for family planning after a cancer treatment.
Elliot, Alexander Dean. "An investigation into the hydrothermal processing of coal fly ash to produce zeolite for controlled release fertiliser applications." Thesis, Curtin University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1698.
Повний текст джерелаPim, Vanderlei. "Caracterização de iodo de esgotos de lagoa anaeróbia acondicionado em bags visando a sua disposição : estudo de caso - ETE Pedregulho/SP." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/257806.
Повний текст джерелаDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo
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Resumo: As preocupações com o adequado destino dos lodos de esgotos fizeram da reciclagem uma alternativa de grande perspectiva de evolução no Brasil. O presente estudo visa avaliar o lodo da lagoa anaeróbia da ETE Pedregulho/SP, operada pela Sabesp, bombeado e acondicionado em bags, em relação a sua qualidade, visando disposição. Foram utilizados 3 bags diferentes e realizadas análises antes, durante e depois do bombeamento, percebendo que, durante o tempo, as permeabilidades dos bags não são constantes e que, houve alterações nas caraterísticas do lodo quando nos bags. Foram removidos 614 m3 de lodo da lagoa anaeróbia, havendo melhora na eficiência da ETE. A retração volumétrica do lodo nos bags permitiu constatar a interferência das chuvas no volume dos bags. Houve também uma avaliação do líquido que percolava dos bags. O lodo foi caracterizado como resíduo Classe II A (não perigoso, não Inerte) pela ABNT NBR 10.004:2002 e considerado possível de ser disposto em aterro sanitário; a técnica da respirometria associado à caracterização pela Resolução CONAMA 375/06 - MMA torna o lodo da lagoa anaeróbia passível de aplicação agrícola e, o atendimento às exigências do Ministério da Agricultura permite buscar o registro, especificação e classificação do lodo como fertilizante, biofertilizante ou condicionador de solo. A remoção teve um custo de R$159,92/m3. Considerando as condições avaliadas nesta pesquisa, conclui-se que a utilização agrícola é a forma mais viável de disposição final de lodo de esgotos
Abstract: Concerns about the appropriate destination of sewage sludge made recycling a great perspective of alternative development in Brazil. The present study aims to evaluate the sludge from the anaerobic pond ETE Pedregulho / SP, operated by Sabesp, pumped and stored in bags, in relation to its quality, aiming to disposal. Three different bags were used and analyzed before, during and after pumping, it was noticed that during the time the permeability of the bags are not constant and there were changes in the characteristics of the sludge when in the bags. 614 m3 of sludge from the anaerobic pond were removed, with an improvement in the efficiency of ETE. The evoluation of volumetric shrinkage of the sludge in bags revealed the interference of rain in the volume of bags. There was an evaluation of liquid that percolated. The waste sludge was characterized as Class II A (non-hazardous, non-Inert) by the ABNT NBR 10.004:2002 and considered possible to be disposed in landfill; the technique of respirometry associated to the characterization by Resolução CONAMA 375/06 - MMA makes the sludge of the anaerobic pond be applied for agricultural purposes compliance with the requirements of the Ministry of Agriculture allows searching the record, specification and classification of the sludge as fertilizer, biofertilizer and soil conditioner. The removal had a cost of R$159,92 / m3. Considering the conditions evaluated in this study, it was concluded that agricultural use is the most viable form of disposal of sewage sludge
Mestrado
Saneamento e Ambiente
Mestre em Engenharia Civil
Guaya, Caraguay Diana Elizabeth. "Evaluation of phosphate and ammonium removal and valorization from urban waste waters by impregnated metal hydrated oxides inorganic natural zeolites." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/461091.
Повний текст джерелаLa recuperación de fosfato y amonio de agua residual mediante adsorción usando adsorbentes inorgánicos naturales ha sido identificado como una tecnología muy prometedora. Las ventajas de esta metodología se asocian a la amplia disponibilidad de adsorbentes de este tipo y su bajo costo. Algunos materiales zeolíticos naturales y sintéticos han sido usados para la adsorción individual de fosfato y amonio de soluciones acuosas. Las zeolitas revelan alta afinidad para la adsorción de amonio. Sin embargo, algunas etapas de modificación son indispensables para incrementar la capacidad de adsorción oxianiónica y conseguir altas tasas de adsorción de fosfato. Entonces, resulta conveniente obtener un solo adsorbente para la adsorción simultánea de cationes y aniones de soluciones acuosas. Con este propósito, una zeolita natural que contiene clinoptilolita como mayor fase mineralógica, se impregnó con hidróxidos metálicos después de su conversión a la forma sódica. Como resultado, los óxidos metálicos hidratados (HMO) de Al, Fe and Mn fueron inmovilizados en la superficie de la estructura zeolítica. La eficiencia de los óxidos metálicos hidratados de aluminio, hierro y manganeso fue evaluada individualmente para la adsorción simultánea de fosfatos y amonio de soluciones acuosas mediante ensayos por lotes y en continuo usando una zeolita en forma granular. Una alta selectividad fue demostrada por parte de las zeolitas modificadas respecto a la adsorción de estas especies en presencial de iones competidores comúnmente existentes en aguas residuales urbanas e industriales. Los ensayos de regeneración demostraron el uso limitado de las zeolitas modificadas en continuo así como también la pérdida de los óxidos metálicos hidratados con cada ciclo de operación puesto que requiere de una nueva impregnación en cada etapa. Entonces, una opción alternativa para la final valorización de fosfato y amonio es el uso de las zeolitas saturadas como material de mejoramiento de suelos con propósitos agrícolas o también para la rehabilitación de suelos degradados. Es así que se evidencia una oportunidad en el uso de zeolitas impregnadas como transportadores de nutrientes, de tal forma que mejoren las propiedades fertilizantes mediante la inclusión de potasio. Para cumplir con este objetivo, la zeolita natural en polvo se impregnaron con oxihidróxidos metálicos que fueron enriquecidos con nutrientes esenciales (N, P, K) usándolas para tratar aguas residuales provenientes de efluentes secundarios, específicamente de la Planta de Tratamiento de Agua Residual "El Prat" usando ensayos por lotes. Las tasas de liberación de N-P-K de las zeolitas enriquecidas se determinaron mediante pruebas en columna usándolas como aditivos en tres tipos diferentes de suelos agrícolas.
Francisco, Eros Artur Bohac. "Fosfatos aluminosos do grupo da crandallita como fonte alternativa de fósforo para a cultura do arroz." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11140/tde-20092006-171830/.
Повний текст джерелаPhosphorus (P) has been one of the most limiting factors for crop production in recent cultivated soils as well as in old cropped soils in which fertility is not maintained. Traditionally, the application of high solubility P sources has helped to raise soil fertility providing increase of crop yield. However, the manufacturing process of water-soluble P fertilizers requires the use of phosphate rocks with low quantity of metal impurities as iron and aluminum. This requirement has forced the fertilizer industry to discard great amounts of phosphate residue, in which the aluminous phosphates of the crandallite group can be found. Searching alternative P sources for crop production meets the context of rational use of existing mineral resources as well as move forward on the knowledge of agronomic conditions to maximize P uptake by plants. Therefore, samples of the mine residue from phosphate deposits of great relevance (Catalão-GO, Juquiá-SP e Tapira-MG) with aluminous phosphates of the crandallite group were collected and thermal treated, aiming to evaluate their ability to provide P to plants in soils under flooding condition and with pH around neutrality, to determine their relative agronomic effectiveness compared to a standard P source, and relate it with their chemical and mineralogical properties. The material collected was submitted to a thermal treatment under different temperatures to evaluate its effect on solubility and morphology. Treated material was (i) mixed to soil samples with different pH values to evaluate its dissolution, (ii) submitted to a hydrolysis test in aqueous solution with distinct pH values, and (iii) evaluated as a P source to upland rice and flooded rice. According to the obtained results, it was concluded that: (i) the thermal treatment of aluminous phosphates of the crandallite group with temperatures around 500 ºC increase its solubility in neutral ammonium citrate solution and cause alterations on the crystalline structure of minerals, (ii) P released from these mineral is very low in aqueous solution with pH ranging from 4 to 8, (iii) dissolution of aluminous phosphates of the crandallite group under soil conditions is higher when soil pH is around neutrality, compared to low acidity, and (iv) the addition of these P sources to soil significantly increased dry matter yield, P uptake by plants, and grain yield of upland rice and flooded rice, however not as much as for the standard P source.
Aguiar, Rosa Helena 1952. "Utilização de esgotos tratados em reatores anaeróbios no cultivo de girassol." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/256777.
Повний текст джерелаTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola
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Resumo: O saneamento além de ser importante para a preservação dos recursos naturais representa uma ação preventiva eficaz para a melhoria do bem estar e da qualidade de vida da população nas questões relacionadas à saúde pública. A prática do uso de água residuária tem grandes vantagens, sobremaneira no aporte de nutrientes às plantas, fator que contribui para um crescimento mais rápido. Nesta pesquisa optou-se por utilizar o girassol (Helianthus annuus L.) ornamental que foi irrigado com águas residuárias. Objetivou-se a viabilidade do uso da área com disposição de esgoto tratado em reatores anaeróbios, por meio da avaliação do seu desenvolvimento e da sua produtividade durante três diferentes épocas de semeadura, visando reduzir os custos com nutrientes. Realizou-se esse experimento na área experimental da Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola FEAGRI/UNICAMP, e foram avaliados cinco diferentes experimentos, dois deles por meio de reuso de efluentes de reatores - Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) e Reator Anaeróbio Compartimentado (RAC) associado a filtros anaeróbios, enquanto que os outros foram constituídos de: Testemunha, sem qualquer tipo de irrigação; com irrigação, utilizando somente água tratada, e com água tratada em área fertilizada com NPK. Foram avaliados respostas fitomorfológicas da cultura, assim como: diâmetro dos caules (DC); altura das plantas (HP); diâmetro dos capítulos (DCp); massa seca dos caules e das folhas (MS); número de folhas (NF) e sua produtividade. Os sistemas modulares (UASB e RAC) de tratamento de esgoto apresentaram um bom desempenho, com elevados valores de remoção de SSed (98,72; 98,36%), e DQO (72,37; 75,79%) não havendo diferença significativa entre os sistemas de tratamento. Constatou-se também que os canteiros com tratamentos com reuso de efluentes promoveram alteração na fertilidade do solo, com o aumento nos valores de saturação por bases (V%) na profundidade de 0 - 20 cm. Analisando os efeitos sobre a cultura nos três plantios, verificou-se um melhor desenvolvimento nos canteiros com os tratamentos do efluente, quando comparado com os demais tratamentos principalmente no segundo e terceiro plantio. Sistemas modulares de tratamento de esgotos associados ao reuso agrícola de seus efluentes podem agregar valores à produção agrícola, podendo ser utilizado inclusive no período de chuvas e em locais onde há escassez de água pluvial
Abstract: Sanitation is also important for the preservation of natural resources, represents an effective preventive action to improve the well-being and quality of life of the population on issues related to public health. The practice of using wastewater has great advantages, particularly in the supply of nutrients to plants, factor that contributes to a faster growth. In this research we decided to use the Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) ornamental that was irrigated with wastewater. The viability of the use of the area with provision of treated sewage in anaerobic reactors, by assessing their development and their productivity during three different periods of sowing to reduce costs with nutrients. This research was developed in the experimental area of the Faculty of agricultural engineering FEAGRI/UNICAMP, and evaluated five different treatments, two of them by means of Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket reactors (UASB) and Anaerobic Reactor Chambered (ARC) associated with anaerobic filters, while the others were made up of: witness, without any kind of irrigation; with irrigation, using only treated water and treated water in the area fertilized with NPK. Fitomorfológicas culture responses were evaluated as: diameter of stems (DS); plant height (HP); diameter of the chapters (DCp); dry mass of stems and leaves (DM); number of leaves (NF) and your productivity. Modular systems (UASB and ARC) sewage treatment showed a good performance, with high values of removing SSed (98.72; 98.36), and COD (72.37; 75.79) with no significant difference between the treatment systems. It was noted also that the flower beds with wastewater reuse treatments promoted change in the fertility of the soil, with the increase in base saturation values (V%) at the depth of 0-20 cm. Analyzing the effects on culture in three plantations, there was a better development in the flower beds with the effluent treatments, when compared with the other treatments mainly in the second and third planting. Modular wastewater treatment system associated with the agricultural reuse of wastewater can add value to their agricultural production, and can be used throughout the year even in places where there is scarcity of rainwater
Doutorado
Agua e Solo
Doutor em Engenharia Agrícola
Costa, Antonio Marcos Tubiana de. "Codigestão anaeróbia de resíduos bovinos e suínos: caracterização química e produção de biofertilizante para uso em cultura de milho." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2014. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1116.
Повний текст джерелаWhen discussing environmental contamination, just remember the amount of domestic and urban waste that are generated in towns and cities, which often do not receive any treatment. However, problems of environmental contamination are linked to agriculture, where organic waste with high potential polluters is generated. This way, the project had the objective of studying the anaerobic codigestion process of cattle and pig waste from the swine production systems and dairy farming activity, as an alternative to the treatment of these kinds of matrices, as well as to investigate the efficiency of biofertilizer matrices produced from the waste in cultured maize. For this, samples of manure from cattle and pigs were collected for characterization and subsequent use in the tests with different treatments. Then, the preparation of samples for the tests using the different inocula were made (in natura, inoculum of sanitation and inoculum isolated from bovine manure), in order to evaluate the degradation of waste via anaerobic codigestão. In each test mentioned twenty treatments were made, via 2³ factorial design with six central points, where the input variables: time, fraction of solids and mixing ratio; and the response variables (dependent): pH, ratio AV/AL, moisture, solids, ratio SV/ST, reduction of total solids, COD, reduction of COD, total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. It was made after the kinetic study of the process, using the test in natura mix ratio of 75% in swine manure and 25% in cattle manure with solid fraction of 8.9% by the Tukey test. After stabilization of the biomass used, there was the application of biofertilizers in crop maize compared with commercial fertilizer (urea), verifying the growth and development of this culture. In factorial design was completed by Tukey analysis and considering the importance of each variable response that the test in natura presented the best operating conditions, because it had the largest number of variable responses being considered satisfactory ratio as AV / AL, ratio SV / ST and COD reduction. It was observed during the kinetic study that biomass showed stabilization next to twenty days of treatment, indicating the degradation of organic waste in codigestão and biofertilizer production, which is more stable and less polluting to the environment, being used as an option in process fertilization of agricultural crops such as maize. Regarding the use of biofertilizers (40 kg.ha-1), this similarity was noted compared to urea (40 kg.ha-1) for the cultivation of maize and it may be an interesting alternative for allocation of waste, reducing environmental pollution caused by improper handling.
Adler, Anneli. "Accumulation of elements in Salix and other species used in vegetation filters with focus on wood fuel quality /." Uppsala : Dept. of Crop Production Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/200706.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаPettersson, Hanna, and Elin Törnvall. "Efterbehandling av biogödsel : Ett försök med avskiljning och uppsamling av kväve och vatten genom ammoniakstripping i en efterhygieniseringsprocess." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-38018.
Повний текст джерелаKarunarathna, Mudugamuwe Hewawasam Jayan Savinda. "Photochemistry of iron(III) with carboxylate-containing polysaccharides for sustainable materials." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1586468303760847.
Повний текст джерелаChen-Yue and 陳玥. "Heavy metals uptake of paddy rice on serpentine soils with different fertilizer treatments." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12162590572668287305.
Повний текст джерела國立屏東科技大學
環境工程與科學系所
101
Serpentinitic soils are high in Cr and Ni which may have the potential risk to crop growth and eco-environment, and groundwater contamination. This study used 2 serpentinitic soil samples (WR and TA) from eastern Taiwan to cultivate paddy rice by pot experiment amended with different fertilizer treatments in the open field. All treatments included control (blank), 120-60-60 kg/ha (NH4)2SO4 1.47 g, CaHPO4 0.17 g, and KCl 0.14 g per pot), 120-90-60 kg/ha ((NH4)2SO4 1.47 g, CaHPO4 0.26 g, KCl 0.14 g per pot), and 120-120-60 kg/ha ((NH4)2SO4 1.47 g, CaHPO4 0.35 g, KCl 0.14 g per pot). The experimental results indicated that WR and TA soils pH gradually decreased during rice growth, due to acidity of the chemical fertilizer addition. Addititonally, no difference was found in Cr heavy metal level in the soil solution. Fe and Mn concentrations were higher in the TA soil than in the WR soil. Iron plaque on rice roots, in the different fertilizer treatments the order of Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni and Co accumulated concentration was: Fe> Mn> Ni> Co> Cr. The results show that Fe, Cr, Ni, Co were concentrated in the root of rice, and Mn concentrations (757.5 mg/kg) in the stalk part was higher than in the root. The concentrations of all metals in the rice tissues were higher than those in general plants, and thus the Cr and Ni concentrations in the rice were up to 1.16 mg/kg and 8.57 mg/kg.
Jing-Han, Wu, and 吳景翰. "Soluble heavy metal and rice uptake from a serpentine soil with different fertilizer treatments." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21455469282064113522.
Повний текст джерела國立屏東科技大學
環境工程與科學系所
97
Serpentinitic soils are concentrated in the eastern areas of Taiwan, which are rich in heavy metal such as Cr, Ni, and Co with potential risk to crop growth and the eco-environment. This study used a serpentinitic Vertisol for the pot experiment by paddy rice (Kaohsiung No. 45) amended with different fertilizer treatments in the open field. All treatments were: unfertilized control (Blank), full recommended dose of chemical fertilizer (CF), half recommended dose of chemical fertilizer + 2.5 ton ha-1 oilseed compost (1/2 CF + 2.5 OC), 5.0 ton ha-1 oilseed compost (5.0 OC), and 10 ton ha-1 oilseed compost (10 OC), respectively. Six single extractions, including H2O, HCl, NaNO3, CaCl2, EDTA, and DTPA, were performed for the treated soils. The experimental results indicated that Cr and Ni were concentrated in the root of rice, and Mn was in the stalk parts. The concentration of all metals in the rice tissues were higher than those in general plants (1~2 mg/kg), and thus the Cr and Ni levels in the brown rice were up to 4.48 mg/kg and 6.71 mg/kg. However, the Cr and Ni levels in this study were within the normal ranges of rice grain in Taiwan. The amounts of heavy metal using the single extraction were always higher in the soils with fertilizer treatments than the initial soils, suggesting the solubility of heavy metal increased with the planting rice in the soils. In the oilseed compost treatments, the metal contents in soil and plant were high, due to the strong acidity of the compost in reducing soil pH. Additionally, no difference was found in heavy metal levels of soil solution between all treatments.
Hsu, Chih-Cheng, and 許志誠. "The Nitrogen Balance of Different Fertilizer Treatments in a Long-Term Corn-Rice Rotation Soil System for Six Years." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07097180091890058682.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣大學
農業化學研究所
92
Corn and rice plants are commonly for staple food production .To supply optimum amount of effective nitrogen through fertilizer during the growth period of the crop plants is very important. This study deal with an field experiment of sixth year of a long-term corn-rice rotation, which aimed at studing the nitrogen blance of differently fertilized treatment in corn-rice rotation. The field experiment was carried out at the Taiwan Agriculture Research Institute. The spring crop was rice plant and the autumn crop was corn plant. The application rates of fertilizer were 140-80-80(N-P2O5-K2O)kg ha-1and 120-60-60(N-P2O5-K2O)kg ha-1, for corn and rice, respectively. There were seven treatments: 1. check plot (CK); 2. chemical nitrogen fertilizer plot (Chem N); 3. compost plot (Comp); 4. compost with one third of nitrogen as chemical fertilizer plot (Comp+1/3 N); 5. compost with two thirds of nitrogen as chemical fertilizer plot (Comp+2/3 N); 6. green manure with one third of nitrogen as chemical fertilizer plot (GM+1/3 N); 7. peat with one third of nitrogen as chemical fertilizer plot (Peat+1/3 N). The same amounts of P2O5 and K2O as afore muctiond, in form of superphosphate and potassium chloride, respectively, were applied to treatments except CK plot. All treatments were replicated four times and arranged in ramdonized complete block design. The block size was 20 x 6 m2. Soil was sampled at different growth stages of corn plant and rice plant, respectively. Soils sampled from three spots of each block were mixed, air dried, grounded to pan 10 meshsieve. The concentrations of total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and ammonium nitrogen were determined. The soil analysis have shown that the concentration of inorganic nitrogen were lower in CK and Chem N plots. The grain yield was the lowest in CK plot. The concentration of higher inorganic nitrogen in the soils had resulted in higher grain yield. The Chem N plot provided more inorganic nitrogen; then in order the Comp plot, Comp+1/3 N plot, Comp+2/3 N plot, GM+1/3 N plot, and Peat+1/3 N plot at the early growth period of plants. The organic fertilizer decomposed slowly, and provided inorganic nitrogen to the plants steadily for a longer period. Thus the treatment Comp+2/3 N plot had the highest corn and rice grain yield. The treatment Comp+2/3 N plot provided inorganic nitrogen in reasonable pattern during plant growth stage and thus resulted in increased grain yield. Expecially, the organic fertilizer with 2/3 chemical fertilizer-N could provide inorganic nitrogen reasonably during the whole growth period of plants. Reduced chemical fertilizer application rate could decrease pollution of environment.
vanAkker, Lara. "The effects of fertilizer treatments on the resin canal defenses of spruce and incidence of attack by the white pine weevil, Pissodes strobi." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/13331.
Повний текст джерела"Bioestimulant and fertilizers associated at the treatment corn and soybean seeds." Tese, BIBLIOTECA CENTRAL DA UFLA, 2006. http://bibtede.ufla.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=219.
Повний текст джерелаVertonha, Maria Thais. "Valorization of leached waters through conversion in liquid fertilizers." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10198/21034.
Повний текст джерелаAn unprecedented demographic explosion occurred in the last decades at a global level. The negative impacts of this event stand out, affecting the social, economic and mainly environmental spheres. In the environmental aspect, an important consequence is the growing production of solid wastes, due partially to the population increase. However, the development of effective technologies for the treatment of these wastes did not accompany such growth, and currently the most used method for this is landfill disposal. Even with the possibility of alternatives, the use of landfills for the disposal of solid wastes will be necessary over a long period, with the inevitable consequence of the generation of leachate streams. The objective of this work is the development, design and implementation of processes for physicochemical conversion of leachate liquid effluents from a composting process in liquid fertilizers with a standardized and reproducible composition. The leachate sample was collected in February 2019 from the slurry storage tank of the company “Resíduos do Nordeste”, EIM (Urjais, Mirandela, Portugal). The stream is produced and recovered from a composting line from a mechanical and biological waste treatment plant. From this original sample, three additional materials were obtained: a filtered sample for the removal of the solid fraction (Filtro 03/04), two concentrated samples by simple distillation, with two concentration levels in volume basis: 1,19x and 1,85x in relation to the original leachate sample. The four samples (the original leachate and the three processed samples) were submitted to a sequence of analyzes, in order to compare its composition and properties with the current Portuguese and European legislation specifications for liquid fertilizers. The selected characterization parameters were: Total Organic Carbon (TOC), pH, Conductivity, Percentage of Dry Matter, Density, and Heavy Metals, Phosphorus, Potassium and Nitrogen contents. Adsorption tests were performed with the Filter 03/04 sample, with two adsorbents of different origin, the first produced from an organic compound, resulting from a centralized composting process, obtained from the same landfill that provided the Original sample. The second adsorbent tested is activated clays, originating from four different deposits in Kazakhstan. After treatment with the adsorbents, the same analyzes were performed previously, aiming to evaluate the efficiency of the adsorbents. The characterization results were then used to verify the framework for later use of the original leachate and/or the processed samples as liquid organomineral fertilizers, and to assess the specific needs of composition tuning for the non-processed leachate sample. A concentration process for the original sample of 1,19x (v/v) has been determined to allow the reaching of at least 3% TOC, a content legally required. Additionally, treatment is required for the removal of nickel and chromium from the samples. The metals zinc, copper, cadmium and lead have been quantified and are within the limits specified in the Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council (2019). A flowchart for the proper treatment of this leachate was proposed, with the intention of using it as liquid organomineral fertilizer.
Uma explosão demográfica sem precedentes ocorreu nas últimas décadas a nível global. Destacam-se os impactos negativos deste evento, afetando as esferas social, econômica e principalmente ambiental. No aspeto ambiental, uma consequência importante é a crescente produção de resíduos sólidos, em parte devido ao aumento populacional. No entanto, o desenvolvimento de tecnologias eficazes para o tratamento desses resíduos não acompanhou esse crescimento, e atualmente o método mais utilizado para isso é o descarte em aterros sanitários. Mesmo com a possibilidade de alternativas, o uso de aterros sanitários para a disposição de resíduos sólidos será necessário por um longo período, com a inevitável consequência da geração de caudais de chorume. O objetivo deste trabalho é o desenvolvimento, proposta e implementação de processos de conversão físico-química de efluentes líquidos lixiviados, de um processo de compostagem, em fertilizantes líquidos com uma composição padronizada e reprodutível. A amostra de lixiviados foi coletada em fevereiro de 2019 a partir do tanque de armazenamento de chorume da empresa “Resíduos do Nordeste”, EIM (Urjais, Mirandela, Portugal). O fluxo é produzido e recuperado de uma linha de compostagem de uma estação de tratamento de resíduos mecânica e biológica. Desta amostra original, três materiais adicionais foram obtidos: uma amostra filtrada para a remoção da fração sólida (Filtro 03/04), duas amostras concentradas por destilação simples, com dois níveis de concentração em base volumétrica: 1,19x e 1,85x em relação a amostra original. As quatro amostras (o lixiviado original e as três amostras processadas) foram submetidas a uma sequência de análises, de modo a comparar a sua composição e propriedades com as atuais especificações da legislação portuguesa e europeia para fertilizantes líquidos. Os parâmetros de caracterização selecionados foram: teor de carbono orgânico total (TOC), pH, condutividade elétrica, percentagem de matéria seca, densidade e metais pesados, fósforo, potássio e nitrogênio. Foram realizados testes de adsorção com a amostra Filtro 03/04, com dois adsorventes de origem diferente, o primeiro produzido a partir de um composto orgânico, resultante de um processo de compostagem centralizada, obtido do mesmo aterro sanitário que forneceu a amostra Original. O segundo adsorvente testado, são as argilas ativadas, originárias de quatro depósitos diferentes do Cazaquistão. Após o tratamento com os adsorventes foram realizadas as mesmas análises feitas anteriormente, com o objetivo de avaliar a eficiência dos adsorventes. Os resultados da caracterização foram então utilizados para verificar a estrutura para posterior utilização do lixiviado original e/ou as amostras processadas como fertilizantes organominerais líquidos, e para avaliar as necessidades específicas de ajuste da composição. Um processo de concentração para a amostra original de 1,19x (v/v) foi determinado para permitir o alcance de pelo menos 3% de TOC, um conteúdo legalmente requerido no Regulamento do Parlamento Europeu e do Concelho (2019). Além disso, é necessário um tratamento para a remoção de níquel e cromio das amostras. Os metais zinco, cobre, cádmio e chumbo foram quantificados e estão dentro dos limites especificados no Regulamento do Parlamento Europeu e do Conselho (2019). Um fluxograma para o tratamento adequado desse lixiviado foi proposto, com o intuito de utilizá-lo como fertilizante organomineral líquido.
This work was carried out under the scope of Project VALORCOMP, funded by FEDER through Programme INTERREG V-A Spain − Portugal (POCTEP) 2014–2020. Finally, to all who have somehow been part of this period and collaborated to carry out this work, I will be eternally grateful.
Chen, Wen-pin, and 陳文彬. "The development of a rapid organic fertilizer apparatus for poultry''s excrement treatment process." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39230880269504577948.
Повний текст джерела國立高雄第一科技大學
機械與自動化工程研究所
100
The excrement treatment is a deficient process of livestock automation. In this study we newly design and fabricate a rapid composting equipment of organic fertilizer for poultry''s excrement treatment. The price of import compost equipment is very expensive, and the maintenance is also problematic. The proposed design improves the above-mentioned problems. This equipment can deal with excrement amount of 120,000 chickens and finish fermenting on the same day. It also solves the problems of flies, stench, pollution of water, piling up the area, and infectious disease of H5N1~Nx, etc. The closed type tank is to get rid of flies and stench. The ferment time is shortened from several teens’ days to 24 hours. This proposed system can cut off the pile area, too. A heating blower was designed to dry and agitating blades were adopted to ferment the compost temperature. This study aims at designing and constructing the system, including the tank and agitation mechanism, stirred blades, and heating blower. The optimum processing temperature, air supply rate, and excrement moisture content in the fermentation process conditions are explored. Sequence experiments were carried out to find the best conditions within 24 hours to convert high-quality organic fertilizer. In addition to the contribution of the mechanism design, we also have a considerable contribution to the farming environment, health, and farmers’ income. However, the power consumption is up to 100 kw-hr. We redesign our process to cut down power consumption to 80 kw-hr, Our further study is that the power source can be replaced by using renewable energy for environment concerns.
Adadzi, Patrick Cudjoe. "Deep row trenching of pit latrine and waste water treatment works sludge : water and nutrient fluxes in forest plantations." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/10034.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (M.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2012.
(6623615), Jesse A. Haarmann. "The Effect of Herbicide Respray Treatments and Timings on Regrowth of Four Weed Species." Thesis, 2019.
Знайти повний текст джерелаControl of weeds that have survived a postemergence (POST) herbicide often need to be controlled in order to prevent seed production and interference with crops. The most efficacious herbicides and timings used for respray applications has not been determined in many problematic weed species. Previous research has demonstrated that weeds clipped to simulate a failed herbicide application responded differently to herbicide applications to regrowth based on herbicide used and weed species. Other research is conflicting as to the optimum timing of an herbicide respray application with various herbicides. Gaining a better understanding of how to maximize respray herbicide performance will help growers and land managers to preserve crop yield and prevent weed seed production in the event of POST contact herbicide failure. The objectives of this research were to determine the optimum respray herbicide and timing combinations for control of four problematic weed species in the midwestern United States that have survived an application of either glufosinate or fomesafen: waterhemp [Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) J. D. Sauer], Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watts), giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.), and horseweed (Erigeron canadensis L). Through a series of field and greenhouse experiments we determined that respray herbicide, respray application timing, initial herbicide, and level of injury from the initial application influence efficacy of the respray herbicide in a species-specific manner. Waterhemp regrowth following a failed glufosinate application was controlled most effectively by applying glufosinate or fomesafen 7 to 11 days after initial treatment. When following fomesafen, applications of 2,4-D 3-7 days after initial treatment or glufosinate 7 to11 days after initial treatment were most effective. Control of Palmer amaranth regrowth following either initial herbicide is best achieved with respray applications of glufosinate, fomesafen, or 2,4-D applied no later than 7 days after initial treatment. The best strategy to control giant ragweed regrowth following a failed fomesafen applications is to apply 2,4-D, dicamba, fomesafen, or glufosinate at any timing between 3 and 11 days after initial treatment. Efficacy of the respray glufosinate application was maximized when applied 11 days after the initial application rather than 3 days after initial application. Horseweed regrowth was best controlled by 2,4-D, dicamba, or glufosinate applied at any timing between 3 and 11 days after the initial application. Where injury from the initial herbicide application is high, there were fewer differences among herbicide treatments and treatment timings. A greenhouse bioassay revealed that as waterhemp injury from an initial glufosinate application increases, control with a respray herbicide also increases. Therefore, complete control of weed regrowth is achieved more easily with increasing injury from the initial application. This research suggests that timing of herbicide respray applications is more urgent than previously thought, so scouting must be done within days of a contact herbicide application to ensure adequate control.
Sibiko, Kenneth Waluse. "Economics of Weather Index-Based Insurance: Analysis of Smallholder Farmers' Preferences and the Impact of Insurance on Productivity in Kenya." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-002B-7CC0-2.
Повний текст джерелаSousa, Catarina Viegas de. "BIOREMEDIATION OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS MEDIATED BY MICROALGAE." Doctoral thesis, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/134504.
Повний текст джерелаAnualmente, grandes quantidades de efluentes agroindustriais são produzidas em todo o mundo e a sua gestão sustentável constitui, ainda, um desafio tecnológico. Esta tese aborda a remediação de quatro efluentes agroindustriais (aquacultura, gado bovino, gado suíno e aviário) e um efluente industrial (lixiviado de aterro) por tratamento com cinzas de biomassa e microalgas. O pré-tratamento com cinzas de biomassa permitiu provocar uma precipitação parcial dos sólidos totais, reduzir a turvação e a carga microbiana dos efluentes, originando um efluente parcialmente tratado e um precipitado rico em componentes minerais e orgânicos. Os efluentes aquosos foram tratados em modos descontínuo e semi-contínuo com as microalgas Chlorella vulgaris (Cv), Auxenochlorella protothecoides (Ap), Tetradesmus obliquus (To), Isochrysis galbana (Ig), Microchloropsis salina (Ms) e Spirulina major (Sm). Foram atingidas produtividades máximas de biomassa para as microalgas Cv de 193,6 a 879,8 mg L-1 dia-1 e To de 236,7 a 811,7 mg L-1 dia-1 em efluentes agroindustriais. A remediação dos efluentes permitiu atingir valores de descarga obrigatórios por lei para azoto total, fósforo total, CQO, CBO5 e sólidos totais. O precipitado obtido no pré-tratamento dos efluentes e a biomassa algal apresentaram efeitos positivos como bioestimulantes da germinação de sementes de agrião (Nasturtium officinale) e de trigo (Triticum aestivum). A biomassa microalgal foi caracterizada e avaliada como suplemento alimentar de mexilhões (Mytilus edulis) durante 45 dias, tendo-se observado alterações nos teores de lípidos, hidratos de carbono e cinzas dos mexilhões. A torrefação de biomassa algal e das suas misturas com biomassa lenhocelulósica permitiu obter biocarvões com potencial para valorização energética, utilização como bioestimulantes na germinação de sementes ou adsorventes para pigmentos catiónicos. O trabalho realizado demonstrou a viabilidade do tratamento dos efluentes analisados por precipitação química e biorremediação com microalgas e sugerir diferentes vias de valorização dos subprodutos sólidos gerados.