Дисертації: "FEM Code"

1

Sherif, Feysel Nesru. "MATLAB FEM Code - From Elasticity to Plasticity." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for bygg, anlegg og transport, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-18638.

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A MATLAB Finite Element code for plane strain analysis of footings on an Elasto-plastic material using the Mohr Coulomb failure criteria has been developed. The first step is to develop codes for mesh generation and Gaussian numerical integration. Next, the force matrix, the stiffness matrix and the self weight matrix are assembled. After that functions for non linear analysis such as the plastic potential derivatives are formed. Finally plots of the mesh, displacement shadings, stress shadings and stress-strain curves are developed. For the purpose of verification results from the code for biaxial test are compared with the theoretical solution. Additionally comparison is made between the code and prandtl’s bearing capacity solutions for a footing problem. These results show that accuracy depends on two factors: - the type of the element and the number of elements used. The three node triangular element and the four node rectangular element give less accurate results when compared to higher order element types. And for a relatively accurate result the number of elements should be too high.

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2

Clarke, Samuel R. (Samuel Robert). "Development of a FEM waveguide code, incorporating Fast Frequency Techniques, for numerical synthesis." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52762.

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Thesis (MScEng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A computational tool for numerical synthesis via optimization is developed. Only two port waveguide devices are considered. The Finite Element Method (FEM) is used for the electromagnetic analysis. Specifically, the frequency domain electric field FEM is used with vector curl-conforming constant tangential/linear normal brick-shaped elements. Special boundary conditions are used at the ports. These boundary conditions only consider dominant mode propagation. The issues surrounding the implementation of this formulation are discussed. The results generated using this code compare favorably to examples from independent sources. A parametric mesher that is used in conjunction with the FEM is developed. This is done to eliminate the need for human intervention during each iteration of the synthesis procedure. Fast Frequency (FF) techniques are presented to reduce the computational requirements of the synthesis. FF techniques reduce the cost of calculating many frequency samples in a specified band and do not reduce the computational requirements of computing a FEM solution at a single frequency. The FF techniques presented are: Asymptotic Waveform Evaluation (AWE), Model Based Asymptotic Waveform Evaluation (MB-AWE) and Model Based Parameter Estimation (MBPE) . The results obtained using these techniques are compared and the most suitable technique for the synthesizer is selected. MBPE is selected as the most suitable technique for this application. An adaptive sampling algorithm for Model Based Parameter Estimation is presented. The algorithm relies on the difference between multiple models generated from the same samples to determine the sample locations. The use of this algorithm enables a model of a narrow band filter at X-band to be determined using only fourteen FEM solutions. The difference between the model- and the FEM solutions is less then -lOOdBacross the band. A sample synthesis using generalized simulated annealing is presented. A single pole filter in X-band waveguide is successfully synthesized to illustrate the usefulness of the code. The use of FF techniques results in a computational cost saving of a factor of forty times.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: 'n Rekenaar werktuig vir numeriese sintese deur middel van optimering word ontwikkel. Slegs twee-poort golfleierkomponente word beskou. Die Eindige Element-metode (EEM) word vir die elektromagnetiese analise gebruik. Meer spesifiek, die frekwensiegebied, elektriese-veld EE-formuleering word gebruik, met eurl-ondersteunende, konstant-tagensiaaljlineêr-normaal, baksteenvormige vektorelemente. Spesiale grensvoorwaardes word by die poorte gebruik. Hierdie grensvoorwaardes neem slegs voortplanting van die dominante modus in ag. Die kwessies rondom die implementering van hierdie EEM word bespreek. Resultate wat met hierdie kode verkry word, vergelyk goed met dié vanuit onafhanklike bronne. 'n Parametriese diskretisasie prosedure in ontwikkel, vir gebruik saam met die genoemde EEM, met die doelom menslike interaksie uit die weg te ruim, tydens die sintese proses. Vinnige Frekwensie (VF) tegnieke word beskryf, met die doelom die berekeningskoste van die sintese te verminder. VF tegnieke verminder die berekeningskoste verbonde aan 'n reeks EEM oplosings binne 'n gegewe frekwensieband, maar verminder nie die koste verbonde aan 'n enkel-frekwensie EEM oplossing nie. Die VF tegnieke wat beskryf word, is die volgende: Asimptotiese Golfvorm Evaluasie (AGE), Model Gebaseerder Asimptotiese Golfvormevaluasie (MGAGE) en Model- Gebaseerde Parameterekstraksie (MGPE). Die resultate wat met hierdie metodes verkry word, word vergelyk om sodoende die mees toepaslike VF tegniek te kies. MGPE word gekies as die mees toepaslike tegniek. 'n Aanpasbase monsteringsalgoritme vir MGPE word beskryf. Die algoritme berus op die verskil tussen twee modelle wat vanaf dieselfde stel punte geskep word, om monsterfrekwensiewaardes te bepaal. Die gebruik van hierdie algoritme lei tot 'n model van 'n nou-, X-band filter, vanuit slegs veertien EEM oplossings. Die verskil tussen hierdie model en enige EEM oplossings binne die band, is kleiner as -lOOdB. 'n Voorbeeld sintese, wat gebruik maak van veralgemeende, gesimuleerde versmelting, word beskryf. 'n Enkel-pool filter by X-band word suksesvol gesintetiseer om die bruikbaarheid van die kode te illustreer. 'n Faktor veertig vermindering III berekeningskostes word behaal deur gebruik te maak van VF tegnieke.

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3

Gross, Jeffrey C. "Evaluation of FEM codes ALPID & NIKE and enhancement of selected code to optimize simulation of ring - Joining process." Ohio : Ohio University, 1990. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1183491802.

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4

Davidsson, Marcus, Camilla Johansson, and Johanna Nilsson. "Hur hanterar företagen kravet på revisionsutskott? : - En studie av fem svenska börsföretag." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Management and Economics, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-5619.

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Författare: Marcus Davidsson, Camilla Johansson och Johanna Nilsson

Handledare: Ola Nilsson

Titel: Hur hanterar företagen kravet på revisionsutskott? – en studie av fem svenska börsföretag

Bakgrund: Under sommaren 2008 blev Svensk kod för bolagsstyrning obligatorisk för samtliga svenska företag som är noterade på den svenska börsen. Svensk kod för bolagsstyrning stadgar bland annat att företagens styrelser skall inrätta ett revisionsutskott. Företagen kan dock välja att inte inrätta ett revisionsutskott och då förklara varför, enligt principen ”följ eller förklara”.

Syfte: Syftet med studien är att öka kunskapen kring hur företag hanterar Svensk kod för bolagsstyrnings krav kring revisionsutskott samt vilken nytta revisionsutskottet upplevs tillföra i styrelsearbetet.

Metod: En kvalitativ intervjustudie har genomförts. Studien omfattade fem styrelseledamöter från fem börsnoterade företag på OMX Nordic Exchange Stockholm.

Slutsats: Studien visar att fyra av de fem företagen som ingått i studien har valt att inrätta revisionsutskott. Majoriteten av dessa har inrättat revisionsutskotten som ett resultat av strävan att följa Svensk kod för bolagsstyrning. Vidare har studien visat att styrelserna har satt samman revisionsutskott på olika sätt, både vad gäller ekonomisk kompetens och oberoende. Merparten av företagen i studien ställer höga krav på vad revisionsutskotten skall utföra för uppgifter och upplever att utskotten tillför nytta i styrelsearbetet.

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5

Ciomber, Isabelle, and Roland Jakel. "Systematic Analysis and Comparison of Stress Minimizing Notch Shapes : Obtaining a stress concentration factor of Kt=1 without FEM-Code." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-141533.

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Als Stand der Technik sind einfache, kreisförmige Verrundungen zur Reduktion von Kerbspannungen an Querschnittsübergängen bekannt, für die aus Tabellenwerken / Diagrammen in der Literatur die Formzahl einfach abgelesen werden kann. Die Effizienz der Spannungsreduktion solcher Lösungen ist jedoch sehr begrenzt. Ziel der Arbeit ist es daher, dem Konstrukteur bzw. Berechnungsingenieur ein Verfahren in die Hand zu geben, mit dem er für Standardquerschnittsübergänge und Standardlastfälle "Nicht-Kreiskerben" ohne teure und zeitaufwendige FEM-Analyse einfach durch Nutzung geeigneter Formzahldiagramme auslegen kann. Dabei sind sogar Formzahlen von nahezu eins möglich, d.h., in der "Kerbe" bleibt praktisch nur noch die Nennspannung übrig. Die Präsentation ist zweitgeteilt: Im ersten Teil werden die Arbeitsmethoden bzw. Softwarefunktionen und verwendeten Softwarewerkzeuge vorgestellt: Dies sind die Programme Creo Parametric als vollparametrisches CAD-Werkzeug und Creo Simulate als p-FEM-Programm der Parametric Technology Coprporation (PTC). Der zweite Teil der Präsentation beschreibt den Gültigkeitsbereich sowie die untersuchten Kerbgeometrien: Die einfache kreisförmige Verrundung als Stand der Technik, die Zwei-Radien-Kerbe, die Baud-Kurve, die Methode der Zugdreiecke nach Claus Mattheck, die elliptische Kerbe sowie die konische Rundung als generalisierte elliptische Kerbe. Es wird kurz eine Bibliothek vorgestellt, mit der solche Kerben einfach ausgelegt werden können, d.h. Ihre exakte Geometrie festgelegt sowie die zugehörige Formzahl αk bestimmt werden kann
Circular (one-radius) fillets are known as state-of-the-art for reducing notch stresses at cross section transitions. The stress concentration factor Kt of such geometries can be read out from diagrams/tables given in the literature. However, the efficiency of stress reduction of circular notches is very limited. The goal of the work therefor is to present a method for the designer/analyst how to design non-circular notches/fillets just by using suitable Kt-diagrams without time-consuming and expensive FEM analyses. Kt-numbers of nearly one are possible, that means in the "notch" just the nominal stress appears and no stress concentration takes place. The presentation has two parts: Part one describes the working methods and software functions as well as software tools: Creo Parametric as fully-parametric CAD program and Creo Simulate as embedded p-FEM-tool from Parametric Technology Corporation (PTC) have been used. The second part describes the range of validity and the examined notch geometries: The one-radius fillet as state-of-the-art, the two-radii filet, the Baud-curve, the method of tensile triangles from Claus Mattheck, the standard elliptical fillet and the conical round as generalized elliptical fillet. A notch layout library is shortly presented that allows to design such fillets, that means exactly determine the notch geometry and the related stress concentration factor Kt

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INOUE, NELSON. "IMPLEMENTATION OF A COMPUTER CODE CONSIDERING THE COUPLING OF THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD (FEM) AND THE BOUNDARY ELEMENT METHOD (BEM)." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 1998. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=1522@1.

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CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
O presente trabalho tem como principais objetivos estudar a formulação do método dos elementos de contorno e implementar um programa computacional para análise de tensões de problemas bi-dimensionais (estado plano de deformação e axissimetria) considerando também a possibilidade de acoplamento dos métodos dos elementos de contorno (MEC) e dos elementos finitos (MEF). Dentro deste estudo são abordados as soluções fundamentais para materiais linearmente elásticos, a formulação das integrais no contorno, as técnicas para tratamento de singularidade, a utilização de nós duplos para estudos de canto, etc. Os resultados numéricos obtidos em alguns problemas bi-dimensionais pelos métodos dos elementos de contorno e dos elementos finitos, considerando isoladamente ou acoplados, são comparados mutuamente e com soluções analíticas da teoria da elasticidade linear. Vantagens e desvantagens destes métodos, bem como dificuldades de implementação numérica, são discutidas ao longo deste trabalho.
The main objectives of this work are the study of the boundary element formulation as well as the implementation of computer program for stress analyses of bidimensional problems under axisymmetric or plane strain conditions. The computer program also combines the boundary element method (BEM) with the finite element method (FEM) thus permitting its application to wide range of geotechnical problems. In this study research several mathematical aspects of the boundary element method are reviewed, such as the fundamental solutions for elastic materials, contour integration, singularities, corner problems, etc. The numeric results obtained in some 2D problems the BEM and FEM, in a coupled or isolated form, are compared with analytical solutions provided by classical theory of elasticity. Advantages and shortcomings of both methods, as well as the difficulties in the computer implementation, are also discussed in this work.

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7

Karlsson, Lisa (Lisbeth). "Jag måste tänka på ett annat sätt... : Fem folkhögskolestuderande med annat modersmål och deras upplevelser av att lära matematik på svenska." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-28006.

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The purpose of the present study is to describe adult second language learners’ experiences of mathematics learning from a past and contemporary perspective. What experiences in mathematics do they bring? What does it mean to learn Mathematics through their new language? The study is based on life-world narratives from five second language students with another native language than Swedish. Today they all study at a Swedish folk high school, at upper secondary level and they have previously studied at this level in Mathematics. The result shows that the meeting with the Swedish school and folk high school context is confusing. They face a new school culture with quite different normative rules and it is unclear to them how to behave as good students in this context. They are positive about the response from teachers which is much unlike their previously experiences. The teachers are competent tutors, supportive, listening, encouraging, friendly, authorities without being iron handed. The multilingual students in this study describe that the new language is of secondary importance in mathematics learning. Everyone starts off in year one at upper secondary level and sees mathematics the first period as a refresher. Mathematic studies are, during this period, used to consolidate the mathematical concepts in the new language. All change automatically to their native or previous school language when working with mathematical tasks. There are basic mathematical concepts learned and automated, it is too cognitively demanding to use the Swedish language. They are critical of how Mathematics is taught, a lot of individual work and pace and says that briefings and discussions are more effective, a teacher led approach that they are familiar with.

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Olsson, Lovisa. "Fler barn med på läs- och skrivtåget : En kvalitativ studie som belyser fem lärares erfarenheter och upplevelser av Arne Tragetons läs- och skrivmetod "Att skriva sig till läsning"." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-27581.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the teachers’ described experiences of advantages as well as disadvantages of Arne Trageton’s write to read-method (“ASL”) in contrast to the code-oriented traditional way of teaching. The aim of this study is furthermore to depict the teachers’ opinions on whether they experience that the ASL-method is unfavourable for students in general. This study will also investigate the teachers’ standpoint regarding choice of reading and writing method. The following questions form the basis of this study: Which advantages or disadvantages do the teachers experience with the ASL-method relative to using the code-oriented traditional way of teaching? Do the teachers experience that the ASL-method is unfavourable for some students? Do the teachers only use the ASL-method or do they combine many different reading and writing methods in their teaching? How do the teachers explain their decision in that matter? This study is based on a qualitative method and interviews were performed to acquire knowledge of the teachers’ experiences. The major theoretical approaches of this study are Arne Trageton’s, the founder of the ASL-method, theories concerning the ASL-method and the socio-cultural perspective on learning. The result of the study demonstrates that the ASL-method is described as advantageous because the students’ interests, creativity, motivation and self-confidence increased when using the ASL-method, in contrast to using the traditional way of teaching. The ASL-method was also described as easier to individualize in comparison with the traditional letter-based teaching. The disadvantage with the ASL-method, in contrast to using the traditional teaching, was mainly the fact that the computers and tablets sometimes did not work properly. Overall the ASL-method was described as a good method because all students could participate in the teaching despite their capacity. Speech technology and word editing programs on the tablets were described as descent support for students with slower motor development, difficulties in reading or writing and second language students. Even though the ASL-method was considered a superior method, the method was not described to be sufficient by itself.

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Staboli, Chiara. "Interpretazione analitica e simulazione numerica di una prova di carico su un palo di fondazione." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.

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La presente tesi si inserisce nell’ambito di un programma di ricerca e sviluppo riguardante l’impiego della piattaforma CAE Salome Meca (Code Aster) nel campo della modellazione geotecnica. L’oggetto alla base del lavoro è stato quello di costruire un modello agli elementi finiti con tale programma di calcolo, capace di analizzare la risposta carico-cedimento di un palo, fino a rottura. Tale lavoro è stato svolto con riferimento a un caso studio reale di una fondazione su pali di una civile abitazione costruita nel comune di Bologna. In questo contesto il primo tema su cui ci è concentrati è stata l’imposizione delle condizioni iniziali. Questo aspetto assume rilevanza soprattutto nel caso di pali trivellati come quelli del caso studio, che in fase di costruzione portano un disturbo nel terreno circostante e una riduzione dello stato tensionale. Il rimaneggiamento nell’intorno del palo impone la scelta di un idoneo elemento di interfaccia palo-terreno, ai fini di una corretta modellazione del problema. In questa tesi si sono in particolare costruiti modelli con elementi thin layer e con due tipi di elementi giunto forniti da Code Aster (JOINT_MECA_RUPT e JOINT_MECA_FROT). L’ultimo aspetto che influisce sui risultati del modello è il legame costitutivo usato per descrivere il comportamento del terreno. Nello studio proposto, si è scelto di lavorare sia alle tensioni totali con un legame alla Tresca, sia alle tensioni efficaci con un legame alla Mohr Coulomb. Individuato il modello che meglio descrive il caso studio è quindi stato calcolato il carico di rottura del palo. La parte restante della tesi vede infine un confronto di questo carico ultimo con quello derivato dalle prove di carico a disposizione (metodo di Chin) e dalle formule statiche. Si è infine concluso con un confronto dei risultati sulla base delle norme tecniche vigenti NTC18.

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Chrást, Ondřej. "Pevnostní výpočet výměníku tepla." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230747.

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The main content of the diploma thesis is the strength calculation of the heat exchanger according to ASME Code. The introduction is a summary of issues within the design of this equipments. In the practical part there are a strength calculation of the main parts of heat exchanger and the FEM analys with their evaluation. In the last part there is the calculation of cumulative damage.

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Tarozzi, Alessandro. "Modellazione 3D e analisi dello stato tenso-deformativo di una calandra per la produzione di tubi di acciaio a saldatura elicoidale." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/11814/.

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Il lavoro di indagine che è stato sviluppato nella presente tesi è volto a valutare, attraverso metodi FEM, ossia tecniche numeriche computazionali, le sollecitazioni e le deformazioni che agiscono sul telaio di uno "Stampo", macchina che realizza l'operazione di calandratura della lamiera nella produzione di tubi di acciaio a saldatura elicoidale. In particolare l’analisi riportata in questo documento può ritenersi uno studio preliminare che ha lo scopo di creare un simulatore tenso-deformativo che permetta di realizzare un futuro lavoro di validazione del modello, quindi esso è stato realizzato nel modo più flessibile possibile, in modo che sia agevole, anche in un secondo tempo, introdurvi delle modifiche. Il Software utilizzato per la realizzazione dell'analisi FEM è Salomé-Meca accompagnato dal risolutore Code Aster. Oltre all'analisi sul Telaio dello Stampo si è effettuato uno studio preliminare, di validità generale, in cui si riportano in dettaglio le operazioni da effettuare per lo studio degli Assembly. In particolare è stato utilizzato il software Efficient per la creazione del file di comando.

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Nunes, Nichollas Emmanuel de Melo. "Código computacional para análise térmica tridimensional de estruturas em situação de incêndio." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-24092014-143934/.

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O presente trabalho tem por objetivo elaborar um código computacional utilizando o Método dos Elementos Finitos para determinar o campo térmico tridimensional de elementos estruturais em situação de incêndio. A consideração dos efeitos térmicos do meio no estudo das estruturas de aço, de concreto, de madeira e mistas comumente empregadas tem sido mais frequente nos projetos atuais, pois é cada vez mais clara a necessidade de avaliar as mudanças das propriedades térmicas e mecânicas que o material apresenta em resposta às variações térmicas do meio envolvente, o que pode em alguns casos levar a estrutura ao colapso. O desenvolvimento da presente proposta de trabalho tem como base o Código de Análises Térmicas (CAT) pertencente ao código SYSAF (System for Structural Analisys in Fire), desenvolvido e apresentado em Rigobello (2011). O CAT permite a realização de análises térmicas transientes das seções transversais de elementos estruturais, contemplando apenas a realização de análises bidimensionais. A fim de permitir a realização de análises em campo tridimensional, neste trabalho o elemento finito térmico sólido hexaédrico é acrescentado ao CAT, dando origem ao código denominado FEMFIRE-3D (Finite Element Method in Fire), o qual realiza análises térmicas em regime transiente, determinando o campo térmico em seções transversais e ao longo do comprimento dos elementos estruturais analisados. A validação dos resultados obtidos com o FEMFIRE-3D nas seções transversais e ao longo do comprimento dos elementos estruturais é feita por meio da comparação dos resultados obtidos em casos presentes na literatura técnica (inclusive casos presentes nas normas brasileiras e internacionais, quando for aplicável) e que contemplam estruturas usuais em situações de incêndio, ou mesmo com resultados fornecidos por códigos reconhecidos por sua eficiência em análises térmicas de estruturas em situação de incêndio.
The present work deals with the development of a computer code using the finite element method to determine the three-dimensional thermal field of structural elements in fire. The consideration of the thermal effects of the medium in the study of structures of steel, concrete, wood and mixed commonly employed has been more frequent in current projects, due to the necessity to evaluate the changes of thermal and mechanical properties that material presented in response to thermal variations of the environment, which can in some cases lead to the collapse of the structure. The development of this work is based on the Code of Thermal Analysis (CAT) belonging to SYSAF code (System for Structural Analysis in Fire), developed and presented in Rigobello (2011). The CAT allows performing transient thermal analysis of cross sections of structural elements, limited the realization of two-dimensional analyses. To enable the analysis in three-dimensional field, in this work the thermal hexahedral element is added to the CAT, giving rise to the code named FEMFIRE 3D (Finite Element Method in Fire), which performs in transient thermal analysis, determining the thermal field in cross section and along the length of the structural elements. The validation of the results obtained with the FEMFIRE-3D in cross sections and along the length of the structural elements is done by comparing the results obtained in the present cases in the technical literature (including cases present in the Brazilian and international standards, where applicable) and include the usual structures in fire situations, or even results provided by codes recognized for its efficiency in thermal analysis of structures in fire.

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Mårtensson, Nils, and Elena Vakhrameeva. "Dublin Core i praktiken : En undersökning av hur Dublin Core används inom fem svenska söktjänster." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap / Bibliotekshögskolan, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20922.

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The purpose of this thesis is to investigate how the metadata format Dublin Core is applied within five Swedish search engines. The objects of the investigation are Rättskällan, studera.nu, Svenska miljönätet, Svesök and the web catalogue of Uppsala University. Dublin Core is a flexible and adjustable format, which can be used in many different ways and in various projects depending on the target groups and objectives of the activity. We compare the differences and similarities between the five search engines concerning their usage of metadata in general and Dublin Core in particular. The material of the investigation consists of metadata records, which are collected by a robot and examined manually. We present the reader with an overview of the metadata concept and explain in particular the Dublin Core Metadata Element Set. The review of the investigation result begins with a presentation of the five search engines and is concluded by an exposition of the usage frequency of the fifteen Dublin Core elements within the examined search engines. The five search engines show notable differences with respect to the usage of Dublin Core. The number of Dublin Core elements in the templates of these search engines varies from five to fifteen, and furthermore different priorities have been given to the selection of mandatory elements and qualifiers. The investigation shows that the metadata producers often limit themselves to registration of the mandatory elements. The study shows further that the differences are bigger than the similarities concerning the usage of metadata within the five search engines. The search engines take advantage of the flexibility of the format by focusing on different elements and qualifiers and complementing the descriptions of the resources with different types of additions. We conclude that the search engines have to collaborate and coordinate their usage of metadata in order to improve public access to reliable and trustworthy information on the Internet.
Uppsatsnivå: D

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14

Nishio, Yoshiyuki. "Challenges in applying the PSPG/SUPG Finite element method to the atmosphéric boundary layer." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LAROS017.

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Suite à une requête de la Défense belge dans le cadre des applications CBRN (chimique, biologique, radiologique et nucléaire), l’objectif initial du travail était de simuler un cas CBRN réaliste a l’air libre (dispersion de particules après une explosion dans une ville), en appliquant la stabilisation Streamline-Upwind Petrov-Galerkin (SUPG) sur une méthode d’éléments finis (FEM), incluant une deuxième phase (particules). Pour cette simulation, les développements se font dans le code Coolfuid 3, un langage spécifique au domaine (DSL) écrit en C++. Cependant, les applications à l’air libre nécessitent de décrire correctement la couche limite atmosphérique (ABL). Cela n’a jamais été fait en utilisant des éléments finis stabilisés. Par conséquent, le défi de ce travail est de répondre à la question simple : Comment modéliser une ABL en s’appuyant sur la méthode de stabilisation SUPG. Afin de réduire le nombre d’éléments nécessaires pour une simulation résolvant toutes les échelles de turbulences jusqu’aux parois, l’ABL a été implémentée avec un modèle de paroi, puis vérifiée en 2D, tandis que quelques corrections (la résolution du maillage, la stabilité du profil de vitesse) ont également pu être menées. Néanmoins, l’implémentation 3D a révélé certaines oscillations parasites, laissant supposer à une origine numérique. Bien que la SUPG produise de la dissipation, cette dernière ne semble pas suffisante pour un écoulement à nombre de Reynolds aussi élevé. Par conséquent, pour ajouter de la dissipation, deux directions ont été suivies : Premièrement, une implémentation de l’évolution de la SUPG, la Méthode Variationnelle MultiScale (VMS), a été initiée. Cette dernière fournit un cadre combiné à la fois pour la stabilisation et la modélisation de la turbulence. Deuxièmement, deux formulations LES, connues pour leur comportement dissipatif, ont également été intégrées. Après avoir réduit les oscillations parasites, le profil de vitesse a été analysé. Finalement, pour permettre la comparaison avec un résultat DNS disponible, le nombre de Reynolds visqueux du domaine ABL a été réduit. Favorablement, et ceci également pour deux autres conditions, l’implémentation du modèle ABL a fourni des résultats se rapprochant le plus de la courbe DNS. En conclusion, nous avons déterminé deux méthodologies (LES et SUPG / VMS) qui ont le potentiel d’approcher l’écoulement ABL. La FEM stabilisée utilisant la SUPG a révélé qu’elle n’est actuellement pas encore suffisante pour éviter les oscillations parasites dans le cas d’un écoulement ABL. En revanche, la LES a fourni des résultats encourageants, ce qui prouve qu’un certain type de modèle de turbulence est indispensable. Cela souligne l’intérêt pour la méthode VMS, bien que celle-ci reste difficile à implémenter
In the context of a Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) application for the Belgian Defense, the original objective of the work was to simulate a realistic open-air CBRN case (e.g. dispersion after an explosion of particles in a city), by applying the Streamline-Upwind Petrov-Galerkin (SUPG) stabilization on a nite element method (FEM), together with a second phase (i.e. particles). This would be done through the code Cool uid 3, a Domain Speci c Language (DSL) written in C++.However, open-air applications requires to describe the atmospheric bound-ary layer (ABL) correctly. This has never been done using stabilized FEM. Consequently, the challenge of this work is to answer the simple question: How to model an ABL taking advantage of the SUPG stabilization method.To reduce the number of elements produced by a wall-resolved simulation, the ABL was implemented with a wall model and veri ed in 2D, while a few corrections (e.g. grid scalability, stable velocity pro le) could also be adressed.However, the 3D implementation revealed spurious oscillations, suggesting a numerical origin. Although SUPG does provide dissipation, it seemed not su cient enough for such a high Reynolds ow. Consequently, two directions were followed to add numerical dissipation: Firstly, the implementation of an extended version of the SUPG, the Variational MultiScale method (VMS), was initiated. The latter provides a combined framework for stabilization and turbulence modeling. Secondly, two LES formulations, known for their dissipative behavior, were integrated.Having solved the spurious oscillations, the velocity pro le was analyzed. Eventually, the viscous Reynolds number for the ABL domain was reduced to enable the comparison with an available DNS result. Fortunately, rela-tive to the standard no-slip wall condition and to the friction velocity condi-tion, the wall model implementation provided the best result, although not matching.In conclusion, we ascertained two methodologies (LES and SUPG / VMS) that have the potential to approach the ABL ow. The stabilized FEM using SUPG revealed that it is currently not su cient to avoid spurious oscillations in the case of an ABL ow. In contrast, LES provided encouraging results for reduced Reynolds number, supporting that some kind of turbulence model is indispensable. This emphasizes that the implementation of VMS should be promising, although challenging

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15

Luamba, Endi Samba. "Análise da interação casca plana-estaca-solo via acoplamento MEC/MEF tridimensional e suas aplicações." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-05062018-095120/.

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Analisam-se problemas de interação solo-estrutura através de uma formulação tridimensional obtida da combinação entre o Método dos Elementos de Contorno (MEC) e o Método dos Elementos Finitos (MEF). Os elementos estruturais que interagem com o solo são modelados pelo Método dos Elementos Finitos. E o solo, considerado como um meio semi-infinito, homogêneo, elástico linear e isotrópico, é modelado pelo Método dos Elementos de Contorno, empregando a solução fundamental de Mindlin. A solução fundamental de Mindlin é particularmente adequada para o tipo de problemas em análise, ou seja, problemas envolvendo sólidos tridimensionais semi-infinitos, já que é necessário discretizar apenas a superfície carregada do solo e/ou a linha de carga, e não todo o sólido tridimensional. A discretização da estaca em vários elementos finitos de viga tridimensional, permitindo a consideração de estacas de qualquer tamanho e submetidas a qualquer tipo de carregamento é uma das principais contribuições do trabalho. Outra contribuição diz respeito à consideração da ação horizontal no sistema placa-estaca-solo, diretamente aplicada na placa, e não redistribuída no topo das estacas. Por isso, os elementos estruturais laminares (radiers, sapatas e blocos de fundação) são modelados por elementos finitos de casca plana, possibilitando a consideração dos efeitos de flexão e de membrana. Essa abordagem permite a análise tanto de um grupo de estacas com bloco de capeamento rígido quanto de um radier estaqueado de qualquer rigidez. O acoplamento entre o MEC e o MEF é feito através de uma formulação mista em que a matriz dos coeficientes de influência do solo obtida pelo MEC é adicionada à matriz de rigidez dos elementos estruturais obtida pelo MEF, resultando em uma matriz de rigidez equivalente. Exemplos numéricos de interação estaca-solo, placa-solo e casca plana-estaca-solo são resolvidos para verificar, validar e demonstrar a eficiência das formulações desenvolvidas e implementadas.
Soil-structure interaction problems are analyzed by a tridimensional formulation obtained combining the Boundary Element Method (BEM) and the Finite Element Method (FEM). Structural elements that interact with the soil are modeled by the Finite Element Method. And the soil, considered as a semi-infinite, homogeneous, linear elastic and isotropic medium, is modeled by the Boundary Element Method, using Mindlin\'s fundamental solution. Mindlin\'s fundamental solution is particularly suitable for the type of problems under analysis, viz. problems involving semi-infinite three-dimensional solids, since it is necessary to discretize only the loaded surface of the soil and/or the line-load, and not all the three-dimensional solid. The discretization of the pile in several three-dimensional beam finite elements, allowing the consideration of piles of any size and subjected to any type of loading, is one of the main contributions of this work. Another contribution is about the consideration of the horizontal load in the plate-pile-soil system, directly applied to the plate, and not redistributed on the top of the piles. Therefore, the laminar structural elements (rafts, footings, and foundation blocks) are modeled by flat shell finite elements, making possible the consideration of the effects of flexion and membrane. This approach allows the analysis of both a capped pile group and a piled raft of any stiffness. The coupling between the BEM and the FEM is performed through a mixed formulation in which the matrix of the soil\'s influence coefficients obtained by the BEM is added to the stiffness matrix of the structural elements obtained by the FEM, resulting in an equivalent stiffness matrix. Numerical examples of pile-soil, plate-soil and flat shell-pile-soil interaction are solved to verify, validate and demonstrate the efficiency of the developed and implemented formulations.

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16

Mattoussi, Ferdaouss. "Conception et optimisation de codes AL-FEC : les codes GLDPC- Staircase." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00969573.

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Ce travail est consacré à la conception, l'analyse et l'optimisation des codes correcteurs d'effacements de niveau applicatif (AL-FEC). Nous nous intéressons à une famille des codes LDPC généralisés (GLDPC), nommés les codes GLDPC-Staircase, qui sont com- posés d'un code LDPC-Staircase (code de base) ainsi que des codes Reed-Solomon (RS) (codes externes). Dans la première partie de cette thèse, nous commençons par montrer que les codes RS ayant une construction basée sur la matrice "quasi" Hankel sont les codes MDS les plus appropriés pour obtenir la structure des codes GLDPC-Staircase. Ensuite, nous proposons un nouveau type de décodage à ces codes, baptisé le décodage hybride (IT/RS/ML), pour atteindre les caspacités de correction du décodage par maximum de vraisemblance (ML) avec de faible complexité. Afin d'étudier l'impact de la structure des codes GLDPC- Staircase sur le décodage, nous proposons une autre construction : ils se diffèrent sur la nature des symboles de redondance LDPC générés. Puis, pour prédire le seuil de décodage et les écarts par rapport à la limite de Shannon des codes GLDPC-Staircase, nous élaborons une analyse asymptotique en fonction de la technique d'évolution de densité (DE), la technique EXIT (Extrinsic Information Transfer) et le théorème d'air. Finalement, en se basant sur l'analyse à taille finie et l'analyse asymptotique, nous ajustons les différentes paramètres internes de ces codes pour obtenir la configuration optimale sous le décodage hybride (IT/RS/ML). La deuxième partie de la thèse est consacrée à l'étude des codes GLDPC-Staircase dans diverses situations. Tout d'abord, nous montrons que ces codes ont des performances asymptotiquement très proches de la limite de Shannon. En plus, à taille finie, ils permet- tent d'atteindre d'excellentes capacités de correction d'effacements (i.e., très proches de celles des codes MDS) peu importe la taille des objets : très faible overhead de décodage, faible plancher d'erreur, et une zone "waterfall" raide. Nous montrons aussi que les performances de ces codes sont trés proches des codes RaptorQ et surpassent celles des codes Raptor, les codes LDPC-Staircase, et un autre code GLDPC avec une construction différente. Finalement, nous proposons une méthodologie générale pour étudier l'impact de l'ordonnancement des paquets envoyés sur les performances des codes GLDPC-Staircase sur un grand nombre des canaux à effacements (avec des pertes en rafale ou pas). Cette étude montre le meilleur ordonnancement de paquets. Tous les résultats mentionnés ci-dessus montrent que les codes GLDPC-Staircase peuvent considérés comme des codes AL-FEC universels.

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17

Mattsson, Emma. "CODA-barns uppväxtvillkor och skolvillkor i ett historiskt perspektiv - en studie av fem vuxna." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-31775.

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Syftet med examensarbetet var att undersöka hur det kan vara att växa upp som hörande barn till döva föräldrar och hur skolsituationen kan ha sett ut. Studien är undersökt utifrån en vuxens perspektiv och har ett historiskt perspektiv eftersom jag ville undersöka hur det faktum att vara hörande barn till döva föräldrar eventuellt kan ha förändrats över tid och hur skolsituationen eventuellt kan ha förändrats över tid. För att examensarbetet skulle uppnå sitt syfte har studien utgått ifrån följande frågeställningar: Vilken roll kan ett hörande barn ha i en familj med döva föräldrar? Vilken roll kan ett hörande barn till döva föräldrar ha i skolan? samt Hur kan dessa roller eventuellt ha förändrats med tiden?Undersökningsmetoden som har använts i studien för att besvara frågeställningarna var kvalitativa intervjuer och genom ett föredrag. Respondenterna var fem stycken kvinnor som är hörande barn till döva föräldrar. De är födda någon gång mellan 1953 till 1988 och därför är frågeställningarna besvarade i en vuxens perspektiv. De teoretiska utgångspunkterna tar upp begreppen CODA, döv, teckenspråkstolk, men även om barnsyn i ett historiskt perspektiv samt om hur individens roll förändrats i läroplaner. Resultatet pekar åt att ett CODA-barn kan ha behövt ta ett stort ansvar både i familjen och i skolan.

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18

James, Ingrimar. "A cisco-based proposal for ARNe core routing infrastructure." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2009. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:145.

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19

Kyrre, Anette Wester. "Quasi-static Analyses of Slender Structures with Complex Cross-Sections using Explicit FEM Codes." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for energi- og prosessteknikk, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-23661.

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It has previously been done analyses to find global stiffness values of an umbilical cable, with mixed results or no results at all when subjected to bending. There have also been difficulties in finding a distinct stick-slip point during bending. In this thesis, several models have been examined to get a step closer to resolve these particular issues. To begin with, a very simple flexible cable has been tested to see if the program ANSYS LS-Dyna can provide good global stiffness values, then of course with the use of an explicit scheme. When this first analysis gave good results, it was possible to conclude that the program could handle analyzing long slender structures with good accuracy. Further it was also developed a model with the aim of predicting the stick-slip phenomenon during bending. Results from this model could imply that there existed a stick-slip point, only a short time after the bending started. Finally, a last model was developed, including two armour layers wound around a cover of polyethylene. Other analyses have had problems with the behavior of the tendons during bending, that is they have been spreading, and not been following a loxodromic curve. Different cable lengths were tested, showing relative good results for the axial- and bending stiffness, but not so good results for the torsional stiffness. In addition to be able to develop models that could give realistic global stiffness values, focus have been on reducing the CPU time as much as possible. Therefore, much time has been spent on modeling the models right, and choosing the right path and length of loading.

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20

Paris, Laura K. "Utilizing Mentoring to Promote Leadership Growth and Development in a Corporate Environment." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2010. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:88.

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21

Cox, Brenda. "Scenario based training in an aviation training environment." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2010. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:87.

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22

Doyle, Sara L. "Transitioning a Lutheran elementary school to meet the needs of English language learners and their families the first two years /." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2010. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:85.

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23

Folstein, Steven M. "The use of web 2.0 technologies to support continuing medical education." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2010. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:86.

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24

Caldwell, Nicole S. "Educational implications of high stakes testing." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2010. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:84.

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25

James, Gary L. "CRM and spiritual care." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2009. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:25.

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26

McNamara, Caolán. "Runtime automated detection of out of process resource mismanagement in the X Windowing System." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2009. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:31.

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27

Havelick, Julia B. "Nurse-patient communication in oncology settings a phenomenological study of trust from patients' perspectives /." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2009. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:112.

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28

O'Rourke, Alan. "Creation and implementation of an IT governance compliant IT asset management framework for Wexford County Council." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2009. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:42.

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29

Davis, Renee L. "Academic and social adjustments international students deal with attending U.S. universities." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2010. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:122.

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30

Hughes, Paul. "Development of a data acquisition system for an ecommerce website." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2009. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:116.

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31

Richards, Gates. "Teacher training for medical students and residents." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2009. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:126.

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32

Ullestad, Krista. "Leadership development for elementary students." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2009. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:104.

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33

Miscovich, Niki. "Workshop to support vertical articulation at Discovery Canyon campus." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2009. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:124.

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34

Des, Armier David R. Jr. "Techniques to promote active learners in introductory philosopy courses a curriculum for a philosophy 101 course /." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2009. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:105.

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35

Green, Stacey M. "Dissecting departure a study of student withdrawal surveys at Regis University /." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2010. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:114.

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36

Rodgers, Kristen M. "Teaching English as a second language students literacy a comprehensive literacy model for nonolingual educators /." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2009. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:127.

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37

Barela, Lauren M. "Cultural diversity in the workplace a guide for effective instruction for all adult learning styles /." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2010. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:113.

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38

Heckman, Michele E. "Motivational stretegies for students who attend Title I schools." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2009. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:125.

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39

DiDomenico, Charles F. "The role of engineering graphics in the civil engineering technology curriculum." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2009. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:123.

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40

Newsom, Angel M. "Breaking from tradition India and the path to development /." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2009. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:140.

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41

Mwai, Paul Macharia. "Information security policy an investigation into rewriting the policy for Loreto College Msongari /." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2009. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:148.

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42

Davis-Noland, Elizabeth. "An investigation into the development of a practical GIS mapping tool supporting emissions inventory information." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2009. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:142.

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43

Lowrance, Sheri. "PMO lite for not-for-profit organization." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2009. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:147.

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44

Nesbitt, Brian E. "Integration and deployment techniques in combination with development methodologies." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2009. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:141.

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45

Darling, Karen. "Realizing the technical advantages of Star Transformation." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2010. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:146.

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46

Hunter, Harry A. "Computer crime and identity theft." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2010. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:144.

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47

Adkins, Matt. "A strategy for improving performance on a sharepoint social computing portal." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2010. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:138.

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48

Bayless, Mark D. "Improving optical character recognition accuracy for cargo container identification numbers." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2010. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:139.

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49

Lowder, Lawrence Wade. "Implementing the information technology information library (ITIL) framework." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2009. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:24.

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50

Burke, Heather. "Software simulation and emergency response training a case study /." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2009. http://adr.coalliance.org/codr/fez/view/codr:158.

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Дисертації з теми "FEM Code"

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