Дисертації: "Faunal response to rehabilitation"

1

Long, Molly McKenzie. "Behavioral and Mood Changes in Response to Cardiac Rehabilitation." Ohio University Art and Sciences Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouashonors1398633868.

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2

Pendergrass, Thomas M. "Family response to computerized cognitive retraining with brain injured individuals." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/468074.

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Computerized cognitive retraining is a technique for remediation of the cognitive and behavioral changes which follow a traumatic brain injury. The technique utilizes specifically developed computer software which builds on the basic foundations of intellectual functioning. While the injured patient is the target of treatment, the method appeared to have an impact on the patient's family as well. Families of patients who participated in computerized cognitive retraining initially appeared to have fewer difficulties with anxiety, depression, and family problems. They also appeared to be more involved in the patient's treatment than were similar families who had not had this experience.The experiment evaluated the secondary psychological effects of computerized cognitive retraining on the brain injured patient's primary caretaker in the family. The dependent variables studied were perception of family involvement in patient treatment, anxiety, depression and perception of family problems.Subjects were recruited from the outpatient case load of the Psychology Department of Fort Sanders Regional Medical Center in Knoxville, Tennessee and from a local support group for families of patients who have experienced a traumatic brain injury. The injured patients and family members participated in the retraining technique. A total of seventeen patient/family member pairs participated in the study.Subjects participated in either the experimental or control treatments. The experimental group underwent five sessions of approximately one hour in length. The patient and family member worked together during the course of the retraining. Brief counseling followed each session. The treatment group used an Atari 800 computer and Bracy's "Foundations" cognitive retraining software package ( Psychological Software Services, Indianapolis, Indiana). The control group was a waiting list, minimum contact group, whose participation was limited to completion of the pre and posttest materials.Family members in both groups completed pre and posttesting packages. These included: a demographic questionnaire, the "Problem Solving Inventory" (Heppner, 1982a, 1982b), the "State/Trait Anxiety Inventory" (Speilberger, 1983), the "Beck Depression Inventory" (Beck, 1961), and the "Scale of Marriage Problems" (Swenson & Fiore, 1982).The experiment utilized Kerlinger's pretest-posttest control group design (Kerlinger, 1973). Patient/family pairs were randomly selected from the available subject pool. Control or experimental treatment groupings were assigned by stratified random sampling. Data were analyzed by the use of two way analysis of variance with repeated measures on one factor. Throughout the analysis, a level of R < .05 was required to infer statistical significance.The results of this experiment did not support the effectiveness of computerized cognitive retraining as a specific intervention method for the families of brain injured individuals. The findings revealed that there were no statistically significant differences between the control and treatment groups on measures of perception of family involvement, depression, or perception of family problems. The treatment group experienced a statistically significant increase in state anxiety following the experimental treatment. The validity, generalizability and implications for these findings were discussed in light of prior research.Recommendations for further research in the area of family response to computerized cognitive retraining include replication of the study with greater numbers of subjects and more sophisticated evaluation and treatment methodology. It is also suggested that future research address the patient's cognitive level, the utilization of varied retraining protocols specific to the patient's level of function, and premorbid psychosocial factors which may influence the process of cognitive remediation.

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3

Mitchell, Fredric Francis 1947. "Family response and client self-esteem in vocational rehabilitation of the industrially disabled." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/565530.

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4

Cowden, Craig. "Assessment of the long-term response to rehabilitation of two wetlands in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/60606.

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Assessing the outputs and outcomes of wetland rehabilitation activities is recognised by the 'Working for Wetlands' programme in South Africa as important, but to date has been limited. An assessment of the ecological outcomes and the structural outputs of the Working for Wetlands rehabilitation implemented in the Killarney and Kruisfontein wetlands, KwaZulu-Natal, in 2005 was undertaken. The assessment of outcomes included an evaluation of the changes in terms of ecological integrity and the supply of ecosystem services, using WET-Health and WET- EcoServices assessment techniques respectively, and vegetation composition. Improvements in hydrological and geomorphic integrity were recorded in both wetlands, resulting in improved ecosystem services delivery. However, investigation of vegetation composition using the Wetland Index Value and Floristic Quality Assessment Index showed that, seven years after rehabilitation, KiNamey's vegetation composition had improved, but Kruisfontein's vegetation was still largely dominated by pioneer species and appeared to be stable, but in a severely transformed state. The response of these wetlands has shown that sites for rehabilitation should be screened before work begins, and wetlands requiring intensive management of vegetation recovery should be assessed in terms of the objectives and the anticipated benefits of the project. The assessment of the outputs included an evaluation of structural integrity, survival and cost- effectiveness. Limited issues, mostly relating to deviations from the designs during construction, were identified with regards to the structural outputs at each of the wetlands. However, the spreader canals at both Killarney and Kruisfontein wetlands were not functioning as intended and concentrated flows from the spreader canals were evident in both wetlands. The use of spreader canals should therefore be carefully planned and implemented for future wetland rehabilitation projects. Consideration of ZAR per hectare equivalent re-instated/secured provided a useful initial means of determining the cost-effectiveness of the wetland rehabilitation. However, additional factors need to be considered, such as, the nature of the rehabilitation activities, the type and size of the problem being addressed, rehabilitation of priority wetlands, limitations imposed by funders, and risks that need to be addressed by the rehabilitation strategy. Furthermore, the evaluation of the Killarney and Kruisfontein wetlands highlighted the need to revise the Water Research Commission's Wetland Management Series, especially those documents or guidelines relating to rehabilitation planning (WET-RehabPlan), interventions (WET-RehabMethods), and monitoring and evaluation (WET-RehabEvaluate).

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5

Doeringer, Jeffrey R. "Ice Application Facilitates Soleus Motoneuron Pool Excitability in Subjects with Functional Ankle Instability." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1211297179.

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6

Chen, Hui-Ya. "Design of novel timing paradigms for investigation and rehabilitation of predictive and reactive postural response for hemiparetic stroke." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2006. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/109/.

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Timing is a crucial aspect of dynamic tasks, and understanding of timing effects in balance control may contribute to refine balance retraining paradigms for hemiparetic stroke. This thesis opens with a review on predictive and reactive modes of balance control. The initial review concludes there is unexplored potential in predictive setting of timing in imposed balance and in reactive adjustment of timing in self-perturbed balance. This leads to introduction and development of two paradigms by group studies. The first paradigm increases timing certainty of imposed force perturbations by using a regular metronome. Experiments indicate the effect of predictive control on reducing prolonged response time of hemiparetic stroke. The second paradigm introduces temporal metronome error to self-produced postural perturbations that are made in synchrony with the metronome. Experiments show deteriorated reactive control of timing due to increased biomechanical constraint in maintaining balance, but the potential of hemiparetic patients to adjust movement timing is also noted. Effects of these two paradigms in retraining hemiparetic balance are tested by single case studies. The first evidences training potential of predictive control to speed up responses. The second demonstrates training effect of timing cues in re-adjusting the asymmetric pattern between motions of two sides of the body. In conclusion, the paradigms of this thesis provide new means for examining timing effects of predictive and reactive postural responses. Empirical results encourage further development of balance retraining paradigms for hemiparetic stroke with an emphasis on timing, and so potential RCT designs are outlined.

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7

Dharmadhikari, Sayali Ravindra. "Examining Infarct Sizes In Female Sprague Dawley Rats In Response To A Delayed Post-Stroke Pharmacological Treatment In Combination With Physical Rehabilitation." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1470835878.

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8

Carter, Kimberly F. "One University’s Response to Sections 504 and 508 of the Rehabilitation Act: A Descriptive Case Study of Policy Design." Scholar Commons, 2018. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7485.

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Pioneering legislation such as Sections 504 and 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1997, and the Assistive Technology Act of 1998 have increased attention to the needs of individuals with disabilities. These regulations require that public programs and services are accessible to people with disabilities (Griffin, 2004). This descriptive case study examines policy design to conform with Sections 504 and 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 at a public research university through the lens of Bolman and Deal’s four frames of organizational analysis. These frames include: (a) the structural frame, (b) the human resource frame, (c) the political frame, and (d) the symbolic frame. Results of the study indicate that accessibility policies in postsecondary education that address access to web content and course materials should develop a systematic approach to establishing an action plan to identify barriers and develop solutions. This includes a strategic commitment to policy planning, development, implementation, monitoring, and assessment.

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9

Loveridge, Corinne Jones. "Effects of Positive and Negative Emotional Valence on Response TimeDuring a Confrontational Naming Task: Findings from People with Aphasia and Young Adults." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2020. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/9088.

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The purpose of the current study was to determine the effect of emotional arousal and valence on linguistic processing of adults with aphasia and neurotypical young adults. Nine people with aphasia (at least 6 months left hemisphere stroke and presenting with word retrieval deficits) and 20 young adults (reporting no evidence of neurological injury) participated. All participants completed a confrontational naming task during three conditions that were manipulated according to emotional arousal and valence: positive (high arousal, positive valence), negative (high arousal, negative valence), and neutral (low arousal, neutral valence). Average response time was measured for pictures named accurately within each condition. In general, participants with aphasia named pictures more slowly than young adult participants. Neither participant group had significant differences in response time across conditions. Individual participants varied in how emotional valence affected their response times. Further research is needed to identify what factors lead to differing responses to the high-arousal conditions.

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10

Loveridge, Corinne Jones. "Effects of Positive and Negative Emotional Valence on Response Time During a Confrontational Naming Task: Findings from People with Aphasia and Young Adults." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2020. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/9088.

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The purpose of the current study was to determine the effect of emotional arousal and valence on linguistic processing of adults with aphasia and neurotypical young adults. Nine people with aphasia (at least 6 months left hemisphere stroke and presenting with word retrieval deficits) and 20 young adults (reporting no evidence of neurological injury) participated. All participants completed a confrontational naming task during three conditions that were manipulated according to emotional arousal and valence: positive (high arousal, positive valence), negative (high arousal, negative valence), and neutral (low arousal, neutral valence). Average response time was measured for pictures named accurately within each condition. In general, participants with aphasia named pictures more slowly than young adult participants. Neither participant group had significant differences in response time across conditions. Individual participants varied in how emotional valence affected their response times. Further research is needed to identify what factors lead to differing responses to the high-arousal conditions.

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11

Acklin, Carrie L. "The Development, Pilot, and Field Test of the Core HIV/AIDS Knowledge Assessment for Undergraduate and Graduate Students in Counseling-Related Degree Programs." OpenSIUC, 2016. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1216.

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The purpose of this study was to develop a core HIV/AIDS knowledge assessment (CHAKA) for students enrolled in counseling-related degree programs. Although there are studies that examined counseling HIV/AIDS knowledge, the instruments that were used were limited in ways that may compromise the accuracy of the inferences that were made. This study was carried out in three phases. Phase 1 involved developing an initial pool of items; Phase 2 involved an expert review for content validation as well as a pilot-test; Phase 3 involved field testing the CHAKA. The field-test involved 343 undergraduate and graduate students at Southern Illinois University. Item response theory (IRT) was used to analyze the data. Before the data were analyzed, they were examined to see if the CHAKA was a unidimensional test. Results of the factor analysis performed was that the CHAKA may not be unidimensional; however the internal consistency was decent (α= .734). A two-parameter logistic (2PL) model was fit to the data. Results from the item parameter estimates displayed relatively low discrimination and difficulty parameters in addition to some problematic items (i.e., negative discrimination estimates, unusually large difficulty values). Additional analyses revealed that locally dependent items may have accounted for the possible multidimensionality, low discrimination indices, and inflated difficulty values. The low discrimination values likely affected the information values of the items and the test. All item information values were less than 1. Last, both uniform and non-uniform differential item functioning (DIF) was present between undergraduate and graduate students. IRT appears to be a promising approach to instrument development in counseling-related programs. Although the CHAKA properties were not ideal, further revisions and a larger sample size may contribute to the overall improvement of this instrument.

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12

Bohm, Sebastian. "Human tendon adaptation in response to mechanical loading." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Kultur-, Sozial- und Bildungswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17119.

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Sehnen übertragen die Muskelkräfte und ihre Eigenschaften beeinflussen unsere Bewegungsleistungen. Infolge mechanischer Belastungen adaptieren Sehnen. Die Effekte spezifischer Parameter des mechanischen Dehnungsstimulus sowie allgemeiner Belastungsbedingungen auf die Anpassung sind bisher ungeklärt und sollen durch die vorliegende Arbeit beleuchtet werden. Das adaptive Potential wurde durch einen Vergleich der Sehneneigenschaften zwischen beiden Beinen, in Bezug auf seitenabhängige Belastungen, experimentell untersucht. Um den Effekt verschiedener interventionsinduzierter Belastungen auf die Anpassung zu bestimmen, wurde ein systematischer Review nebst Metaanalyse durchgeführt. Der Einfluss spezifischer Parameter des Dehnungsstimulus (Rate und Dauer) wurde mittels zweier Trainingsinterventionen untersucht. Der Vergleich zwischen den Achillessehneneigenschaften des dominanten und nicht dominanten Beins zeigte einen signifikanten Unterschied des Young''s Modulus (Materialeigenschaften), mutmaßlich eine Folge seitenabhängiger Alltagsbelastungen. Die Metaanalyse ermittelte hohe Effektgrößen auf die mechanischen und Materialeigenschaften sowie eine niedrige Effektgröße auf die Morphologie, mit einem signifikanten Einfluss der unterschiedlichen Belastungen. Die beiden Interventionen belegten, dass eine hohe Rate der Dehnung und eine lange Dauer keinen übergeordneten Stimulus zur Sehnenanpassung im Vergleich zu einer hohen Magnitude und niedrigen Frequenz darstellen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Materialeigenschaften sensitiver gegenüber Belastungsänderungen sind und im Vergleich zur Morphologie zeitiger adaptieren. Die Interventionsresultate lassen den Schluss zu, dass eine hohe Dehnungsmagnitude, eine adäquate Dauer und repetitive Belastung essentiell für einen effektiven Stimulus sind. Die Ergebnisse liefern wichtige Erkenntnisse bezüglich einer Verbesserung von Sehneneigenschaften im Kontext der athletischen Leistung sowie Verletzungsprävention und -rehabilitation.
Tendons transmit the force exerted by a muscle and their properties influence human locomotor performance. Furthermore, tendons adapt to mechanical loading. The effect of specific parameters of the mechanical strain stimulus as well as general loading conditions on tendon adaptation is not completely understood and, therefore, the focus of research in the present thesis. Adaptive responses were investigated by means of a comparison of tendon properties between both legs to assess the effect of side-dependent loading pattern. A systematic review and meta-analysis was applied to examine the influence of various intervention-induced loading conditions on the magnitude of adaption. To investigate specific parameters of the mechanical strain stimulus (rate and duration), two controlled exercise interventions were conducted. The comparison of the Achilles tendon properties between the non-dominant and dominant leg revealed a significant difference of the Young''s modulus (i.e. material properties), likely a result of side-dependent daily loading pattern. The meta-analysis revealed high intervention effect sizes on the tendon mechanical and material properties and a low effect size on the morphology, with a notable effect of the various loading conditions. The two exercise interventions showed that a higher rate of strain and longer duration did not provide a superimposed effect for tendon adaptation compared to high magnitude and low frequency. The findings indicate that the material properties seem to be more sensitive and quicker in response to changes in the loading conditions compared to the morphological properties. The results of the two interventions suggest that a high strain magnitude, an appropriate strain duration and repetitive loading are essential for an effective stimulus. These findings provide valuable information with regard to the improvement of tendon properties in the context of athletic performance as well as injury prevention and rehabilitation.

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13

Martin, Dale Frederick Hosking. "Improving the Detection of Narcissistic Transformational Leaders with the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire: An Item Response Theory Analysis." ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/849.

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Narcissistic transformation leaders have inflicted severe physical, psychological, and financial damage on individuals, institutions, and society. Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) has shown promise for early detection of narcissistic leadership tendencies, but selection criteria have not been established. The purpose of this quantitative research was to determine if item response theory (IRT) could advance the detection of narcissistic leadership tendencies using an item-level analysis of the 20 transformational leadership items of the MLQ. Three archival samples of subordinates from Israeli corporate and athletic organizations were combined (N = 1,703) to assess IRT data assumptions, comparative fit of competing IRT models, item discrimination and difficulty, and theta reliabilities within the trait range. Compared to the generalized graded unfolding model, the graded response model had slightly more category points within the 95% confidence interval and consistently lower X2/df item fit indices. Items tended to be easier yet more discriminating than average, and five items were identified as candidates for modification. IRT item marginal reliability was .94 (slightly better than classical test theory reliability of .93), and IRT ability prediction had a .96 reliability within a trait range from -1.7 to 1.3 theta. Based on 8 invariant item parameters, selection criteria of category fairly often (3) or above on attributed idealized influence items and sometimes (2) or below on individual consideration items was suggested. A test case demonstrated how narcissistic tendencies could be detected with these criteria. The study can contribute to positive social change by informing improved selection processes that more effectively screen candidates for key leadership roles that directly impact the wellbeing of individuals and organizations.

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14

Sampson, Shae-Lynn. "Response of wetlands to impacts from agricultural land-use practices: Implications for conservation, management, and rehabilitation in the Nuwejaars Catchment, Western Cape." University of the Western Cape, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8154.

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Magister Artium - MA
Wetlands occupy about 6% of the world’s surface and are fragile ecosystems that support a diversity of plants and animals. Wetlands are increasingly recognised for their role in the provision of ecosystem services and contribution to global biodiversity. Despite this, more than half of the world’s wetlands have vanished or been degraded, primarily due to agriculture. Wetlands are constantly adjusting to disturbances occurring within them and within their surrounding landscape. It is important to recognise to what extent various disturbances affect wetlands when assessing disturbance and impact, and when considering wetland protection options. The benefit of the detailed characterisation of the sub-catchments of the Nuwejaars catchment is deepened understanding of how different combinations of land-uses and soils impact catchment hydrology, and ultimately, the wetlands within the catchment

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15

Jelitte, Matthias [Verfasser], and Reinhold [Akademischer Betreuer] Jäger. "Untersuchung von Response-Shift-Einflüssen auf die Erfassung der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität bei Prostatakrebspatienten in der onkologischen Rehabilitation / Matthias Jelitte. Gutachter: Reinhold Jäger." Landau : Universitätsbibliothek Landau, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1009141015/34.

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16

Howard, Jennifer Sebert. "CLINICAL AND FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT FOLLOWING AUTOLOGOUS CHONDROCYTE IMPLANTATION TO THE KNEE: THE ROLE OF PATIENT REPORTED OUTCOMES, PERFORMANCE BASED ASSESSMENT, AND RESPONSE SHIFT." UKnowledge, 2011. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/rehabsci_etds/1.

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Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) is a cell based therapy for the treatment of articular cartilage defects. Numerous studies have reported outcomes following ACI using a variety of patient reported outcomes (PROs), but no clear recommendations exist regarding which PRO is the most responsive to changes following ACI. Few studies have documented changes in performance based assessments (PBAs) following ACI. Response shift theory proposes that residual changes in self-report measures occur over time. Failing to account for response shift may result in over or under reporting of outcomes from which clinical decisions are made. The purposes of this dissertation were 1) review the literature concerning ACI outcomes to determine the responsiveness of PROs to changes in self-reported function following ACI, 2) evaluate the reliability of PBAs among ACI patients, 3) develop a descriptive timeline for the return of function 1 year following ACI using both PROs and PBAs, and 4) utilize PROs and PBAs to evaluate patients undergoing ACI for evidence of response shift. All PRO and PBA measures were collected preoperatively and 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. A retrospective then-test PRO evaluation of function prior to surgery was completed at 6 and 12 months. Response shift was calculated by subtracting the original pre-test score from the then-test score. A systematic review and meta-analyses of existing ACI outcome studies resulted in the recommendation of the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form (IKDC) and Lysholm Knee Scale as highly responsive PROs among ACI patients of varying activity levels. Despite significant increases in PRO scores as early as 6 months following ACI, improvement in PBAs at 12 months following ACI were limited to stride length, walking speed, and step-up force. Finally, no evidence of a group level effect for response shift was observed. These results support the validity of traditional pre-test/post-test research designs with no need to account for response shift when evaluating treatment effects of ACI on the group level. However, the Western Ontario and McMasters University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) did show evidence of a measurable response shift on a patient by patient basis.

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17

Kostas, Vladimir Ilyich. "EFFECT OF LOWER BODY POSITIVE PRESSURE ON CARDIOVASCULAR RESPONSE AT VARIOUS DEGREES OF HEAD UP TILT." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/khp_etds/3.

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Various models of simulated weightlessness and resulting cardiovascular effects have been researched in the last 50 years of space exploration. Examples of such models are the Alter-G (Alt-G) treadmill used for body unweighting and head-up-tilt (HUT) model each providing similar cardiovascular effects, but differing in their stimulation of vestibular centers . Advantages of using the Alt-G include: use of lower body positive pressure (LBPP) to simulate hypogravity, it acts as a countermeasure to alleviate negative cardiovascular effects of standing and provides a constant vestibular stimulus. In addition, the Alt-G shorts themselves may be providing a certain degree of LBPP, acting as a compression garment. Therefore the purpose of this study was to determine the cardiovascular effects of Alt-G shorts and how effective they are as countermeasure to deconditioning effects of space flight. This study tested cardiovascular changes in 12 men and women at 0 and 80 degrees head-up-tilt (HUT0 / HUT80) with and without Alt-G shorts using 5-lead ECG, 10-lead impedance, heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements at finger and arm. The tilt-induced increase in mean heart rate (HR) was significantly smaller when subjects wore the Alt-G shorts. Shorts ended up reducing HR by 2.3 bpm in supine control and by 6.7 bpm at HUT80 (p0.05. Other cardiovascular variables did not show any significant effect from shorts. In conclusion, this study was in line with results from other studies that used compression garments to determine cardiovascular effects of LBPP.

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18

Blair, Hannah. "Subjective evaluation of quality of life after brain injury : measuring quality of life and the impact of response shift." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21458.

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Introduction: After a brain injury there are often long term consequences impacting on QoL. However, this is a complex issue influenced by many factors. As someone recovers and adjusts it is likely that the way in which they evaluate QoL will also change. The theory of response shift suggests people will change the way they evaluate QoL in the face of changes in their life. The aim of this thesis is to investigate what influences a QoL judgement; examining the possibility of response shift. Methods: Quantitative and qualitative methods were used in 4 studies. These were a cross-sectional design utilising an individualised QoL measure (SEIQoL-DW); a longitudinal study utilising a ‘then-test’ approach; a cross-sectional questionnaire study; and a qualitative study using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Study 1 (Ch.3) Results: Correlations between the QoL measures confirm the validity of the SEIQoL-DW; however, correlations were generally stronger for the simpler Hadorn Scale. There was little overall change in mean QoL when current and retrospective judgements were compared. There was evidence for a change in what areas of life were considered most important to QoL following injury. Study 2 (Ch.4) Results: Improvements in reported QoL between baseline and follow-up were small. A then-test indicates that any effect of response shift is small, and non-significant in the current research. There was also little evidence for reprioritisation or re-conceptualisation. Examination of other factors associated with QoL suggest that brain-injury specific factors (BIGI, RBANS) play a role in predicting QoL. Study 3 (Ch.5) Results: QoL was reported as worse post-injury on both Hadorn’s scale and the QOLIBRI-OS; a difference that was more pronounced on the QOLIBRI-OS. Differences were also reported in the importance of different areas of functioning. Change in QoL as measured by the QOLIBRI-OS was significantly influenced by disability as measured by the GOSE, emotional and informational support, and upwards social comparison. Optimism as measured by the LOT, but not upwards social comparison was a significant predictor of change on Hadorn’s scale; GOSE and emotional and informational support remain significant predictors. The GOSE, emotional and informational support, emotional coping styles and optimism were significant predictors of current QoL on the QOLIBRI-OS; and emotional and informational support and optimism were significant predictors of QoL on Hadorn’s scale. Little evidence was found to suggest that the factors proposed in Sprangers and Schwartz’s (1999) model of response shift have predicted relationships with QoL. Two candidate variables were studied: optimism and social support. However neither showed the predicted pattern of relationships. Nonetheless the study supports previous work indicating an influence of optimism and social support on QoL, and indicates that these warrant further study. There were systematic difference between current and retrospective ratings of importance of domains. The level of importance given to the areas of life defined by the QOLIBRI-OS is higher after injury than before, with the exception of “personal and social life” for which there is no significant difference. The areas of life chosen to reflect that which is measured by the GOSE (“work”, “close relationships”, and “social and leisure activities”) are rated as less important with the exception of “close relationships”. These findings provide further support for the idea that QoL domains are re-evaluated after brain injury. Study 4: This was an in depth qualitative investigation of the experience of recovery and adjustment following TBI. Semi-structured interviews and Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) were used. Interviews were conducted with 4 men who were 3, 7, 12, and 18 years post injury. Main Outcome and Results: Themes emerging from the analysis were ‘Change: In Self and World’; ‘Reaching a point of realisation’; ‘Support’; ‘Adjusting to change/Coping with day to day life’; and ‘Participation, Goals and Focus’. These themes cover how participants felt both they and their lives had changed as a consequence of their injury; ways they went about coping and adjusting to changes; the importance of support; and the significance of social integration and participation in feeling satisfied with life. Summary and Conclusions: These studies provide evidence for response shift in different ways. There is little evidence for recalibration but there is some indication that reprioritization or reconceptualization may take place. Changes in how important different areas of life are before and after injury suggest that participants are changing the way they view and make evaluations of QoL. Factors identified as being important to QoL judgements were disability, social support (emotional and informational support identified in the questionnaire study and support in the IPA), upwards social comparison, and optimism. The IPA study suggests that functional outcome and participation are important after TBI; while also identifying ways of coping and providing an insight into the experience of recovery from brain injury. The different QoL measures used provides both evidence for their validity, but also evidence for the different conceptualisations of QoL that are measured by different instruments. The findings have implications both for understanding the QoL of the individual and for research on QoL after TBI.

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19

Jeffery, Emily. "Nutrition, body composition and physical activity in malignant pleural disease: associations with patient outcomes and response to an exercise intervention." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2020. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2384.

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Background: Patients with malignant pleural disease (MPD) have advanced cancer and high symptom burden. Goals of patient care are to optimise health-related quality-of-life (HR-QoL) and participation in daily physical activities. Supportive care interventions such as nutrition and exercise could offer benefit to patients. However, there is a lack of information on the prevalence of low muscle mass (i.e., pre-sarcopenia), malnutrition, inactivity and poor physical functioning in patients with MPD. Additionally, little is known about the factors associated with development of pre-sarcopenia and malnutrition or their associations with patient outcomes. Purpose: The objectives were to: 1) characterise physical activity levels and their relationship with patient outcomes; 2) compare methodology used to classify presarcopenia; 3) determine the prevalence of pre-sarcopenia and malnutrition and investigate their relationship with activity behaviours and HR-QoL; 3) determine the prevalence of poor physical functioning and nutritional outcomes throughout the two years postdiagnosis; 5) describe body composition changes and investigate their relationship with physical activity and dietary intake; and 6) examine the effects of nutritional status and dietary intake on outcomes of an exercise intervention. Methods: Three studies in patients with MPD were conducted: a cross-sectional study, a prospective observational study, and an exercise intervention study. Participants in the cross-sectional study (n=46) underwent assessment of physical activity levels (accelerometer). Participants in the observational (n=36) and exercise intervention (n=33) studies underwent assessment of nutritional status (Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment), body composition (computed tomography [CT], dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry [DXA]), physical activity levels (accelerometer), physical functioning (Timed Up-and-Go), HR-QoL (Short-Form 36; Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy [FACT]-General), appetite (FACT-Anorexia Cachexia Scale) and fatigue (FACTFatigue). Participants in the intervention study underwent additional tests of physical functioning (Six-Minute Walk Test, chair rise) and muscular strength (1-repetition maximum leg press). Results: In the cross-sectional study, 89% of participants did not meet physical activity guidelines. There was moderate agreement between CT and DXA for the classification of pre-sarcopenia (ĸ=0.424; p=0.006). Fifty-four percent of participants were pre-sarcopenic, and 38% were malnourished. Compared to participants with normal muscle mass, presarcopenic participants were more sedentary (p=0.001) and participated in less light activity (p=0.008). Compared to participants who were well-nourished, malnourished participants had poorer HR-QoL (p0.05). In the exercise intervention, participants with adequate dietary intake (40%) had a significant increase in muscle mass (p=0.004), while participants with inadequate dietary intake (60%) maintained muscle mass (p=0.737). There were no differences between well-nourished and malnourished participants with respect to completion, adherence or tolerance of the intervention (p>0.05). Conclusion: Overall, there were high rates of pre-sarcopenia, malnutrition, inactivity, and poor physical functioning among participants with MPD. Pre-sarcopenia and malnutrition were associated with negative patient outcomes. Muscle loss was associated with decline in physical activity. The results indicate dietary intake could influence the effects of exercise. Interventions that target both physical activity and dietary intake could be most impactful.

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20

Wyatt, Laura, and Ephron Rosenzweig. "Possible T Cell Immune Response to AAV Treatment in non-Human Primates with Spinal Cord Injury." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/163.

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Neurons in the spinal cord do not spontaneously regenerate, which often leads to debilitating injuries. One method proposed to promote axonal regeneration is the injection of viruses carrying genes for growth factors into the injured spinal cord. One such virus, the adeno-associated virus (AAV), has shown promise in gene therapy medical research. However, injecting AAV into rhesus macaques with C7 spinal cord hemisection lesions actually leads to motor neuron loss in the gray matter of the spinal cord, rather than contributing to the preservation or regeneration of axons. This unexpected result highlights the necessity of further testing with therapeutic approaches for axon regeneration in nonhuman primate models before moving into clinical trials. It is possible that an immune-related T cell response to the AAV-transfected cells causes this motor neuron loss. T cells are white blood cells that play a role in attacking cells infected with viruses. It is unknown whether such a response of the immune system to respond with an up-regulation of T cells may be taking place over a relatively short period (weeks) or over many months. This question was tested here: T cells were stained in spinal cord sections caudal (below) the lesion in the spinal cord and near AAV injection sites to determine whether there was a greater quantity of T cells in these areas compared to the subject’s baseline levels. Subjects that had AAV therapeutic injections and that were examined 6 months after the injection were found to have greater quantities of T cells than those who did not have injections containing AAV. It was also found that the AAV-injected subjects examined only 6 weeks post injection did not have greater quantities of T cells than control subjects. These results suggest that there may be a delayed immune response to the AAV injections in nonhuman primates with spinal cord injury, which occurs over a period of months. Pinpointing the mechanism that causes this cell death would allow researchers to create a safer therapeutic that could promote axonal growth in people with spinal cord injuries.

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21

Nixon, Mason Earl. "Utilization of auditory cues to enhance therapy for children with cerebral palsy." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51736.

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The objective of the research is to examine the impact of auditory stimulus on improving reaching performance in children with cerebral palsy. A form of auditory stimulus, called rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS), is well-established in neurological fields as well as in music-based rehabilitation and therapy. RAS is a method in which the rhythm functions as a sensory cue to induce temporal stability and enhancement of movement patterns by what is believed to be a temporal constraint of the patient’s internal optimized path of motion. In current neurological studies, it is suggested that activity in the premotor cortex may represent the integration of auditory information with temporally organized motor action during rhythmic cuing. Based on this theory, researchers have shown that rhythmic auditory stimulation can produce significant improvement in mean gait velocity, cadence, and stride length in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Evidence validating this observation was also seen in a study on hemiparetic stroke wherein patients displayed improvements in spatio-temporal arm control, reduction in variability of timing and reaching trajectories, and kinematic smoothing of the wrist joint during rhythmic entrainment. Lastly, studies have suggested an accompaniment of sound feedback in addition to visual feedback can result in a positive influence and higher confidence in patients who have had a stroke or spinal cord injury. Although an effect of rhythmic cuing on upper extremity therapy has been explored in areas where brain injury has occurred (such as patients who have incurred stroke, spinal injury, traumatic brain injury, etc.), what has not been explored is the effect of rhythmic cuing on upper extremity therapy for individuals with neurological movement disorders, such as cerebral palsy. Thus, in this research, we set out to explore the effect of RAS in therapeutic interventions for children with cerebral palsy. Through this investigation, we examine its effect on reaching performance as measured through range of motion, peak angular velocity, movement time, path length, spatio-temporal variability, and movement units. For this assessment, we created a virtual system to test the aforementioned principles. We established clinically based angular measurements that include elbow flexion, shoulder flexion, and shoulder abduction using a 3D depth sensor to evaluate relevant metrics in upper extremity rehabilitation. We validated the output of our measurements through a comparison with a Vicon Motion Capture System. We then confirmed the trends of the metrics between groups of adults, children, and children with cerebral palsy. Through testing our system with adults, children, and children with cerebral palsy, we believe we have constructed a system that may induce engagement, which is critical to physical therapy, and may also have a positive impact on the metrics. Although we see trends indicative of an effect through use of the system on children with cerebral palsy, we believe further testing is needed in order to establish or refute the effect and also to definitively establish or refute the effect of rhythmic auditory stimulation. The system, the angular measurements, and the metrics we employ could provide an excellent foundation for future research in this space.

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22

Truvé, Malin. "Increasing response rate and expediting the return of health questionnaires : - A study at the Specialized Pain Rehab Clinic, Danderyd Hospital." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-233253.

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Health questionnaires are widely used. A low response rate can lead to biased results and affect the validity of the study. This thesis investigates what can be done to increase the response rate and expedite the return of health questionnaires. The main aim of the study is to provide suggestions on how to improve the response rate to the National Pain Registry’s questionnaire at Danderyd Specialized Pain Rehab Clinic, although the result is significant in other contexts where questionnaires are used and a high response rate desired. Material has been collected through literature search, observations, interviews with patients at Danderyd Specialized Pain Rehab Clinic and interviews with clinics that have a high response rate according to the National Pain Registry’s reports. Several factors affecting response rate was found in the literature studies and interviews. Providing a digitalized alternative, clearly explaining the aim of the study and why completing the questionnaire is important and making the participants feel like stakeholders in the study are examples of areas where improvements can be made. According to the patient interviews about the National Pain Registries first and second questionnaire some problems to fill in the questionnaires were due to difficulties in estimating the pain because of shifting pain intensity, unclear phrasing of the questions or answer and a feeling of lack of someone to ask. Reasons for not returning the one-year follow-up questionnaire were that the questionnaire never was received, it got cluttered and therefore never mailed back or that it was not seen as important nor beneficial to the patient. Suggestions made to increase response rate and expedite the return of the questionnaires based on the findings include increased information about the questionnaires and the National Pain Registry, notifications and reminders to help patients remember and tracking the mailed questionnaire to make sure it reaches the patient. Changing the front-page layout could make it more interesting to look at. To clarify questions, the option to complete all questionnaires at the clinic could be given and a computer alternative. The option to hand back the questionnaire either by mail, digitally or at the visit along with a scheduled one-year follow-up meeting could both increase response rate and expedite the return.
Hälsoenkäter används omfattande. En låg svarsfrekvens kan leda till missvisande resultat och påverka giltigheten av studien. Det här examensarbetet undersöker vad som kan göras för att öka svarsfrekvensen och påskynda återlämningen av hälsoenkäter. Det huvudsakliga målet med studien är att ge förslag som kan öka svarsfrekvensen till det Nationella Registret över Smärtrehabiliterings frågeformulär vid Danderyds Högspecialiserade Smärtmottagning, även om resultatet är betydelsefullt även i andra sammanhang där frågeformulär används och en hög svarsfrekvens önskas. Material har samlats in genom litteraturstudier, observationer, intervjuer med patienter vid Danderyds Högspecialiserade Smärtmottagning och intervjuer med kliniker som har en hög svarsfrekvens enligt det Nationella Registret över Smärtrehabiliterings rapporter. Flertalet faktorer som påverkar svarsfrekvens enligt litteraturstudier och intervjuerna hittades. Tillhandahålla ett digitalt alternativ, klargöra och förklara målet med studien och varför formuläret är viktigt att fylla i och att få deltagarna att känna sig som intressenter i studien är exempel på områden där förbättringar kan ske. Enligt patientintervjuerna angående nationella smärtrehabiliteringens första och andra frågeformuläret beror en del av problemen att fylla i formuläret på att smärtan skiftar i intensitet, oklara formuleringar av frågor och svar och en känsla av brist på någon att fråga. Skäl till att ett-årsuppföljningsformuläret inte återlämnades var att det aldrig mottogs, att det blev plottrigt och därför aldrig skickades tillbaka eller att det inte sågs som varken viktigt eller fördelaktigt att fylla i av patienten. Förslag på hur svarsfrekvensen kan ökas och återlämning påskyndas av frågeformulären baserat på upptäckterna inkluderar ökad information om frågeformulären och det Nationella Registret över Smärtrehabilitering, notifieringar och påminnelser för att hjälpa patienterna att komma ihåg och spårning av brevet med formuläret för att se till att det når patienten. Ändring av framsidans utseende skulle kunna göra det intressantare att titta på. För att klargöra frågor skulle en valmöjlighet att fylla i alla formulären på kliniken kunna ges samt ett datoralternativ. En valmöjlighet att ge tillbaka formuläret antingen via brev, digitalt eller för hand tillsammans med ett schemalagt ett-årsuppföljningsmöte kan både öka svarsfrekvensen och påskynda återlämningen av formuläret.

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23

Cole, Keith R. "Motor control during a weight-bearing visuomotor task: single- and dual-task motor performance of young and older healthy humans." Diss., University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5735.

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A broad understanding of motor control has been achieved through research performed on upper extremity reaching, walking on level ground, and static balance. Though invaluable insights have been achieved under these testing paradigms, inherent limitations result in less being known regarding functional movement in weight-bearing. Gait studies require large numbers of consecutive steps to achieve high reliability, static balance is limited to the goal of no movement, and upper extremity reaching lacks insights into feedback from the vestibular system. Here we describe (and provide a supplemental video of) a system for testing and training the performance of a weight-bearing, visuomotor task in the form of a mini-squat according to a sinusoidal trace on a screen. In this work, we determined that by altering both task movement rate and resistance at the knee, a hierarchy of difficulty was achieved at all ages. As age increases, there is a velocity-error tradeoff; speed of movement is attempted to be maintained while error is sacrifieced. When introducing an unexpected force perturbation (rapid release of the resistance of the squat for less than a second), older adults who are least able to match the frequency of the task experience the greatest error and velocity rates during the perturbation. This exposes a possible deficit in the feedback control system of even healthy older adults, where future studies may determine if early intervention to prevent such changes may prevent future injury and disability. When older and younger adults learned to perform the visuomotor task while performing a simultaneous cognitive task, learning was slowed as complexity of the cognitive task increased. In older adults, a difficult cognitive task inhibited acquisition of the squatting task with no apparent improvement in trial error nor coherence. Upon retesting of the motor task, there was no difference between dual-task and single-task trained ability to consolidate the motor task in both age groups, though those that trained under a dual-task condition were more able to automate the motor task as measured by a smaller dual-task cost. This may indicate that dual-task training leads to freeing cognitive resources from attending to a functional movement so that they may attend to other tasks such as what may be happening in the environment. Finally, executive function as measured by the Flanker Test, explained 80% of the variability of final day visuomotor error, being a possible prognostic factor for dual-task interventions. Future directions will determine if increased automaticity of a mini-squat will lead improvement to overall improved functional mobility and reduced lower extremity injuries when functioning in a busy community.

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Boyd, Covia M. "Predicting Response Patterns to Sexual Violence against Women among Asian College Students Studying in Taiwan: An Exploratory Study." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1427065340.

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25

Culpan, Frances Jane. "Effect of aerobic training on functioning activities in patients following acquired brain injury : changes in exercise capacity, strength, mobility and functional independence in response to cycle ergometer exercise training in adults undergoing rehabilitation following acquired brain injury." Thesis, University of East London, 2004. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/3875/.

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Acquired brain injury (ABI) often results in prolonged periods of immobility which exacerbates physiological and psychological problems resulting from initial injury. A randomised controlled study had determined the effect of 3 months of exercise training on rehabilitation outcomes, impairment, mobility and activity in adults with ABI. This thesis reports changes in exercise capacity related to impairment, mobility and activity following exercise training during rehabilitation following ABI. Exercise capacity was compared using maximum oxygen uptake (VO2) and heart rate monitored graded exercise testing (HR GXT) with a cycle ergometer; changes in impairment were assessed by Motricity Index, isometric muscle strength; mobility with Berg Balance Scale, Rivermead Mobility Index, 10-m walk velocity; and activity with Functional Independence Measure , Barthel Index and Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living Index. Data was collected at 4 regional neurological rehabilitation units. Logistics, protocols and methodological issues associated with reliability were explored. Blind assessments were completed at baseline, 6 weeks (T2), at end of training 3 months (T3), and 3 months after training (T4) in 157 adults 43.2 ± 13.9 years old recruited 24.2 ± 14.7 weeks after a single incident ABI. Differences between VCh GXT and predicted maximal exercise data were found (p<0.000) and correlations (p<0.01-0.05) were established between VCh max and functional scores in a sample of the study population at baseline (n=43). After training, exercising subjects (n=20) increased their VChmax (p<0.02), cycled for longer and were more efficient than relaxation control subjects (n=22, p=0.03). Changes in HR GXT performance were examined in depth in a different subgroup (n=61) and exercising subjects (n=30) showed larger (p=0.02) increases at T3 than controls (n=31) for maximum work rate, but there were no associated changes in measures of impairment, mobility or activity. The improvements in exercise capacity were similar to changes seen in the VCh tested subjects. Comparison of HR GXT with VOi max testing validated the use of HR GXT in the clinic. Guidelines based on mobility and activity for selecting suitable patients for exercise testing are proposed and analysis of exercise training has provided guidelines for increasing exercise capacity. This study demonstrated that younger adults in the first year after ABI have markedly reduced exercise capacity which can be increased and responds normally to cycle ergometer training undertaken in the clinical setting.

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Kinali, Kursat. "Seismic Fragility Assessment of Steel Frames in the Central and Eastern United States." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/14528.

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The Central and Eastern United States (CEUS) is a region that is characterized by low frequency-high consequence seismic events such as the New Madrid sequence of 18111812. The infrequent nature of earthquakes in the region has led to a perception that the seismic risk in the area is low, and the current building stock reflects this perception. The majority of steel-framed buildings in the CEUS were designed without regard to seismic loads. Such frames possess limited seismic resistance, and may pose an unacceptable risk if a large earthquake were to occur in the region. A key ingredient of building performance and seismic risk assessment is the fragility, a term that describes the probability of failure to meet a performance objective as a function of demand on the system. The effects of uncertainties on building seismic performance can be displayed by a seismic fragility relationship. This fragility can be used in a conditional scenario-based seismic risk assessment or can be integrated with seismic hazard to obtain an estimate of annual or lifetime risk. The seismic fragility analyses in this study focus on steel frames that are typical of building construction in regions of infrequent seismicity; such frames have received little attention to date in building seismic risk assessment. Current steel building stock in Shelby Co., TN has been represented by five code-compliant model frames with different lateral force-resisting systems, i.e., braced-frames, partially-restrained moment frames and a rigid moment frame. The performance of model frames under certain hazard levels was assessed using fragility curves. Different rehabilitation methods were discussed and applied. Results indicate that PR frames behave better than expected and rehabilitated frames perform quite well even under severe earthquakes.

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Eden, Melissa Michelle. "Shoulder-Specific Patient Reported Outcome Measures for Use in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer:An Assessment of Reliability, Construct Validity, and Overall Appropriateness of Test Score Interpretation Using Rasch Analysis." Diss., NSUWorks, 2018. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_pt_stuetd/62.

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Context: Medical management for head and neck cancer (HNC) often includes neck dissection surgery, a side effect of which is shoulder dysfunction. There is no consensus for which patient-reported outcome measure (PRO) is most appropriate to quantify shoulder dysfunction in this population. Objective: The aims of this research study were to: (1) use Rasch methodologies to assess construct validity and overall appropriateness of test score interpretation of Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH), QuickDASH, Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) and Neck Dissection Impairment Index (NDII) in the HNC population; (2) determine appropriateness of use of University of Washington Quality of Life (UW-QoL) shoulder subscale as a screening tool for shoulder impairment; (3) recommend a new PRO, or combination of PROs, that more accurately portrays the construct of shoulder dysfunction in the HNC population. Design: One hundred and eight-two individuals who had received a neck dissection procedure within the past 2 weeks to 18 months completed the PROs. Rasch methodologies were utilized to address the primary aim of the study through consideration of scale dimensionality [principal components analysis, item and person fit, differential item functioning (DIF)], scale hierarchy (gaps/redundancies, floor/ceiling effects, coverage of ability levels), response scale structure, and reliability (person and item reliability and separation statistics). The secondary aim was addressed through correlational analysis of the UW-QoL (shoulder subscale), DASH, QuickDASH, SPADI and NDII. Results: The DASH did not meet criteria for unidimensionality, and was deemed inappropriate for utilization in this sample. The QuickDASH, SPADI and NDII were all determined to be unidimensional. All scales had varying issues with person and item misfit, DIF, coverage of ability levels, gaps/redundancies, and optimal rating scale requirements. The NDII meets most requirements. All measures were found to meet thresholds for person and item separation and reliability statistics. The third aim of this study was not addressed because the NDII was determined to be appropriate for this population. Conclusions: Rasch analysis indicates the NDII is the most appropriate measure studied for this population. The QuickDASH and SPADI are recommended with reservation. The DASH and the UW-QoL (shoulder subscale) are not recommended.

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Dracobly, Joseph Daniel. "Progressing from identification and functional analysis of precursor behavior to treatment of self-injury." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12117/.

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An evaluation of the utility of assessing and treating severe problem behavior through precursor functional analysis was completed. Ongoing measurement of problem behavior in two settings in the participant's natural environment was conducted for the duration of the study. A precursor to self-injurious behavior was identified using descriptive assessment and conditional probability analyses. A precursor functional analysis was then conducted. Subsequently, a treatment, in which precursor behavior produced the maintaining variable identified in the precursor functional analysis, was implemented in the natural environment. Treatment resulted in increases in the precursor behavior and decreases in self-injury in both the treatment setting and the second setting in which observations occurred. Implications of the assessment and treatment procedures are discussed.

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Gould, Susan F. "Does post-mining rehabilitation on the Weipa bauxite plateau restore bird habitat values?" Phd thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/49426.

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Rehabilitation is seen as a key strategy for minimising biodiversity losses. Although most rehabilitation strategies aim to provide habitat for fauna, they usually focus entirely on establishing vegetation. Successful vegetation establishment, however, does not necessarily provide habitat to the same species that are threatened by habitat loss. Improved understanding of faunal response to rehabilitation is required if rehabilitation techniques are to be refined and deliver the hoped for biodiversity outcomes. This study aimed to assess to what extent post-mining rehabilitation on the Weipa bauxite plateau has restored the bird habitat values of the pre-mining native forest. Bird assemblages, vegetation, and landscape functionality were compared between: (1) Eucalyptus tetrodonta open forest reference sites representative of the pre-mining native forest; (2) two reference land units of Eucalyptus tetrodonta tall woodland that have previously been nominated as ecologically appropriate analogues for the post-mining landscapes; and (3) a chronosequence of post-mining rehabilitation sites up to 23 years old. Bird species richness and mean bird abundance increased with rehabilitation age. Bird species composition also changed and became more similar to native forest bird assemblages with increasing age. Significant differences remained, however, in mean bird abundance and composition of the bird assemblages between the oldest age class of mine rehabilitation and reference native forest land units. The mean bird species shortfall index in the oldest age class of mine rehabilitation was 63%, compared to a mean species shortfall index of 27% for pre-mining native forest sites. There were also significant differences in vegetation composition and structure between reference native forest land units and post-mining rehabilitation sites. Most importantly, the framework plant species that dominate the native vegetation community occurred at much lower densities in mine rehabilitation than in reference land units. Site detection rates of birds were strongly related to vegetation composition and structure. It is concluded that mining and post-mining rehabilitation on the Weipa bauxite plateau has so far resulted in habitat conversion rather than habitat restoration. It therefore contributes to the causes of biodiversity decline. Post-mining rehabilitation created new habitat for 18 bird species not sourced from the pre-mining native forest. It also provided partial habitat for many of the generalist native forest bird species recorded, although their presence in the landscape remained dependent on access to native forest. However, rehabilitation did not provide the habitat resources that are required by habitat specialists and foraging specialists. This study found that the native forest bird species most sensitive to habitat loss, and most in need of habitat restoration, may be the last to return to rehabilitation if they return at all. The findings of this study have implications for rehabilitation practices, biodiversity conservation on the Weipa bauxite plateau, as well as broader implications for policies that rely on the assumption that rehabilitation can offset biodiversity losses.
ANU Graduate School Scholarship. Rio Tinto Aluminium Weipa

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30

Liu, Ting-Jia, and 劉庭嘉. "The changes of neuronal dynamics in response to rehabilitation after stroke." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16858759762174880911.

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碩士
國立中央大學
生物醫學工程研究所
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Motor deficits of the affected upper limb after stroke after up to two-thirds of stroke patients and conventional rehabilitation aims at reducing upper limb impairment , but significant variability exists between patients regarding rehabilitation efficacy. To date , the mechanisms induced by rehabilitation that can mediate the recovery process are not fully understood. What is brain after stroke change by rehabilitation? Recently , many experts used technologies (electroencephalograph, magnetoencephalography, magnetic resonance imaging, etc.) and correlation methods to investigate the change of rehabilitation. In these literatures, motor-task in methods was mainly finger motor. We are curious about whether the similar results between upper limb motor task and finger motor task or not. Moreover, difference frequency bandwidths of brain oscillation are played difference roles in motor separately .But it has not been discuss yet whether the change is difference of frequency bandwidths after rehabilitation or not. In this study , we discuss the functional connective changes of patients’ brain in different frequency bandwidths after rehabilitation. 16 stroke were recruited and underwent a conventional or virtual reality rehabilitation program with the frequency of 1 hour per day, five days a week. Before and after the rehabilitation, EEG data. EEG data was processed using the Morlet wavelet trans- formation to generate the time-frequency representation of signals. Time-frequency maps after Morlet wavelet encompassing the α(8-12 Hz),β(16-25Hz) and γ(25-45 Hz) activities were created separately by averaging across trails and divided into 5 time windows. We used mutual information and bi-serial correlation coefficient to compared with functional connective changes before and after rehabilitation. We found that patients' functional connectivity was decrease after rehabilitation. Because the reorganization of brain network was tended to be stable after rehabilitation. By difference rehabilitation, functional connective changes were difference in α band and β band. And in different windows, functional connective changes were significant difference.

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31

Wassenaar, Theodorus Dallein. "Coastal dune forest regeneration : the response of biological communities to rehabilitation." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24545.

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Human appropriation of natural resources, and the consequent loss of habitats, means that ecological restoration may in the future become a vital conservation tool. For this to happen, we have to understand the processes and factors that govern community assembly, and their management. Here I analyze data on community structure (richness, evenness, diversity, composition) of assemblages (millipedes, spiders, dung beetles, plants, birds, rodents), and on soil chemical and physical properties, to describe and evaluate post-disturbance dune forest regeneration patterns. Data were collected from program of a dune mining company), from post-mining rehabilitating dune forests, and from self-regenerating dune forests in northern KwaZulu-Natal. Both succession theory and community assembly theory predict that a species' niche will determine when it will colonize new sites, and by extension, what the eventual species composition will be. This type of control should result in deterministic regeneration patterns for a community. In support of this view, I found that the majority of habitat-age related changes in community structure and ecosystem function were either towards benchmark values (and will reach these values in less than 65 years post-disturbance), or were already equal to the benchmark. Age-related trajectories were repeatable between surveys and post-mining sites were changing as fast or faster than spontaneously regenerating sites. Moreover, detailed analysis of changes in community composition of millipedes, dung beetles, herbs, trees, birds and rodents showed that all of the taxa were also regaining the benchmark's species composition. However, community change was dependent on how it was measured - dung beetles recovered only species presence, but others relative abundances as well. Changes were almost never exponential, suggesting that colonization and extinction are not the orderly events foreseen by equilibrium biodiversity theory. Furthermore, the average abundances of birds, trees and millipedes in undisturbed dune forest patches were correlated with colonization success, suggesting that post-disturbance recovery through colonization may be controlled from outside the local community, rather than by species interactions. The recovery of the spider community appeared to be towards the benchmark forest community, but spider species composition was critically linked to microhabitat structure. Because microhabitat is not necessarily restored concurrently with forest community structure, the spider assemblage (and possibly other invertebrates) may not recover the desired pre-disturbance structure or composition. Dune forests thus seem to be resilient to mining disturbances, since most taxa were recovering structure and composition. However, classic successional and community assembly theories are unlikely to fully explain these community recovery mechanisms. More likely, post-disturbance recovery occurs because a new habitat passively "samples" the rain of dispersing propagules and individuals, leading to a high probability of capturing the average species composition of the region. A conceptual model of dispersal in the landscape suggested that species composition of new habitats might equilibrate to the composition of the closest habitat undergoing the least amount of species compositional change, although this may not apply to all taxa. This model may serve as the basis for directing future research and restoration management.
Thesis (DPhil (Zoology))--University of Pretoria, 2006.
Zoology and Entomology
unrestricted

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32

Bampton, T. L. "Stable isotopic signatures of fossilised rodent teeth: climate change in south-eastern Australia during the late Quaternary and faunal response." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/130470.

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This item is only available electronically.
The stable carbon (ẟ13C) and oxygen (ẟ18O) isotopic composition of bioapatite from fossilised mammalian tooth material is a well-established proxy for the reconstruction of palaeovegetation and palaeoclimate. The use of small mammals, in particular rodents, has been overlooked in the past for such studies. High abundances of fossilised rodent remains deposited by avian predators in cave deposits, such as Blanche Cave in the Naracoorte Caves World Heritage Area (NCWHA), gives researchers easy access to fossil materials, to which a temporal scale of climate and vegetation change can be reconstructed. ẟ18O and ẟ13C analyses were performed on crushed incisors of three species of Pseudomys (P. auritus, P. australis and P. shortridgei) over the upper 27 layers from Blanche Cave, NCWHA. The relative abundances of the three species were collected from each layer and compiled into climatic-stratigraphic units: pre-glaciation (layers 27-25), early-glaciation (layers 24-20), Last Glacial Maximum (layers 19-15) and deglaciation (layers 13-1). The carbonate-bound component of the bioapatite was analysed for ẟ13C and ẟ18OCO3, as well as the additional analysis of phosphate bound oxygen (ẟ18OPO4) using isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Isotopic signatures from ẟ13C and ẟ18O were used to reconstruct palaeoclimate and palaeovegetation over the four climatic-stratigraphic units, which were compared to existing palaeoclimate studies. As rodents are commonly abundant in fossil deposits, they have the potential of being used to determine climatic and vegetation change associated with extinction events, such as the megafauna extinction in Australia.
Thesis (B.Sc.(Hons)) -- University of Adelaide, School of Physical Sciences, 2018

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33

Ersoy, Selahattin. "Seismic response of transformer bushing systems and their rehabilitation using frictional pendulum system." Thesis, 2002. http://library1.njit.edu/etd/fromwebvoyage.cfm?id=njit-etd2002-016.

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34

Lin, Yo-chern, and 林宥辰. "Cerebral re-organization of motor networks in response to VR based rehabilitation after stroke." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00029028693067097665.

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碩士
國立中央大學
生物醫學工程研究所
102
In this study, we aimed to investigate the cerebral re-organization of motor networks in response to rehabilitation after stroke using Dynamic Causal Modelling for induced responses (DCM_IR) as measured with electroencephalography (EEG). Specifically, the difference in changes due to Virtual-Reality game based rehabilitation (VR) and conventional rehabilitation (CR), including the architecture of the motor network and the coupling parameters govern it resulting from DCM, was examined and compared. 21 stroke patients were recruited in this study and divided randomly into two groups: 11 for VR group (average age:54.73±10.93) and 10 for CR group (average age:64.4 ±8.72). All subjects underwent a totall 24 hours training program with the frequency of 1 hour a day, four days a week. The daily treatment for the VR group consisted of playing 1 hour of home-made VR game which was specially designed to match the conventional CR protocol while the CR group underwent 1 hour route CR treatment. 30 channel EEG were acquired with 2000 Hz sampling rate before (pre-treatment) and after (post-treatment) completed the rehabilitation training. During the EEG acquisition, all subjects were asked to perform about 80 trials of simple upper-limb movement, like shoulder or elbow flexion-extension (subjective to the subject' ability and decided by the therapist), using their affected hand. The EEG data were filtered with 60Hz stop-pass filter to remove power line noise and epoched form -800 to +800 ms where the time zero indicated the inhibition of movement as commanded by the therapist. The epoched data were further filtered with 4~48 Hz band-pass filter and the entered DCM_IR for network identification. Six plausible models, comprising bilateral primary motor cortex (M1), premotor cortex(PM)and (supplementary motor area)SMA, were tested and Bayesian model selection (BMS) was used to selected the model that can explain the data best at both the single subject and group level. Statistic test on the estimates of the best model were performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), paired t-test, two sample t-test. Clinical measures included FM-UE, TEMPA, WMFT were also conducted by the therapist pre- and post-treatment. The statistic test on FM, TEMPA, WOLF shows there has a significant difference between pre- and post-treatment but no significant difference between VR and CR groups, indicating that VR based rehabilitation has the similar treatment effect as the convention CR does. The BMS identifies the model with contralesional M1 dominating the network structure for both groups and for pre- and post-rehab, suggesting that the strategy used by the brain for functional restoration is identical: to be as normal as before, irrelavent to the means of intervention. We compared the changes in coupling parameters and found that CR group is better than VR group with four connections and VR group is better than CR group with two connections only. In conclution, we investigated the architecture of the motor network during task by DCM and the difference of connection between architecture of the brain. We found a more complete result by focus on connection changed from cortical area compared with previous studies and we observed that cerebral motor networks indeed affected by occupational therapy and VR based rehabilitation. We believe the outcome of this study could be an evidence that VR based rehabilitation is better for stroke patient and benefit the study of motor recovery during rehabilitation n after stroke in the future.

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35

Hsieh, Yu-wei, and 謝妤葳. "The Effects of Treatment Intensity and Dose-Response Relationship in Robot-Assisted Stroke Rehabilitation." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98101301017389395808.

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博士
國立臺灣大學
職能治療研究所
99
Background and purposes Stroke remains a compelling public health issue worldwide. With high percentages of stroke survivors left with motor deficits, motivating the search for effective rehabilitation to improve motor recovery. Robot-assisted therapy (RT) has emerged as a prominent approach in the last decade that incorporates successful therapeutic elements of motor rehabilitation into its design. However, scientific evidence for the effects of the RT on clinical outcomes and physiological responses in stroke patients remains limited. Also, there is a need to identify the proper level of treatment intensity to elucidate the dose-response relations. This dissertation consisted of two parts of study: Efficacy Study of Robot-Assisted Therapy, and Clinimetric Study of Outcomes. In the first part of study, the purposes were (1) to investigate the treatment effects of RT relative to a comparison treatment (CT) in patients with stroke on clinical outcomes, (2) to test the dose-response relations by using 2 RT groups with higher- and lower-intensity, and (3) to examine the effects of intensive RT on a biomarker of oxidative stress (i.e., 8-hydroxy-2''-deoxyguanosine [8-OHdG]). In the second part of study, the purposes were to define the appropriate populations for RT and to examine the clinimetric properties of outcomes used in RT. Methods A total of 54 patients with stroke were recruited in this study and were randomized into the higher-intensity RT, the lower-intensity RT, or the CT group for a 4-week intervention. Primary outcome measures, including the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and Medical Research Council scale (MRC), were administered to patients before intervention, at midterm (2 weeks after intervention), and immediately after intervention. Secondary outcomes, including Box and Block Test (BBT), modified Ashworth scale (MAS), Motor Activity Log (MAL), and physical domains of the Stroke Impact Scale (SIS), were administered to patients before and after intervention. In addition, urinary 8-OHdG levels of patients, pain and fatigue evaluation were also investigated as adverse responses. Two-way repeated measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to evaluate the effects of primary outcomes among the 3 groups at 3 assessments. ANCOVA was used to examine treatment effects of secondary outcomes among the 3 groups. To represent the dose-response relations between the 2 RT groups with different intensities, the recovery rates and dose-response curves of each outcome were examined. Moreover, multiple regression models were used to identify the significant predictors for primary outcomes. The capacity of outcome measures to capture minimal clinically important changes after RT and the responsiveness of outcomes were also examined. Results Each group had 18 patients who participated in the study. For the primary outcomes, there was a significant group × time interaction effect (F3.4, 83.8 = 3.95, P = 0.01) on the FMA-total score. All 3 groups showed significant within-group gains in the FMA from baseline to midterm and from baseline to posttreatment (all P < 0.05). The higher-intensity RT group had significantly higher improvements in the FMA than the other 2 groups at midterm and posttreatment (all P < 0.05). On the MRC, no significant group × time interaction effect was found (F4, 100 = 1.41, P = 0.24). The analysis revealed a significant time main effect (F2, 100 = 4.54, P = 0.01), but there was no significant differences for the group main effect (F2, 50 = 0.87, P = 0.43). For the secondary outcomes, a significant difference in the BBT among the 3 groups was observed (F2, 50 = 4.68, P = 0.01). Post hoc analysis revealed that the higher-intensity RT and CT groups had greater gains in the BBT than the lower-intensity RT group. However, the improvements in the MAS, MAL, and physical domains of the SIS did not show significant difference among the 3 groups. For the adverse responses, the mean ratings of fatigue and pain of the 3 groups were mild (mean scores < 3). Further, there were no significant differences in the 8-OHdG levels among the 3 groups (P = 0.24) and the mean 8-OHdG levels of the 3 groups were in the normal reference range. In addition, recovery rates of the higher-intensity RT group were significantly higher than those of the lower-intensity RT group at midterm and at posttreatment, particular in the FMA (P < 0.05) and the BBT (P = 0.05). The initial severity levels of the patients were found to affect their treatment effects on the primary outcomes. The patients in a middle range of motor deficits or muscle weakness gained most improvements after the higher-intensity RT. For the second part of study, motor ability of the distal part of the upper extremity, RT treatment group, and amount of affected hand use in daily activities were significantly predictive of the FMA model (adjusted R2 = 0.662, P < 0.01) after RT. Motor ability of the distal part of the upper extremity and RT treatment group were the significant predictors for the MRC model (adjusted R2 = 0.597, P < 0.01) after RT. Moreover, there were about 20% to 40% of the patients receiving RT with clinically meaningful improvement on the outcomes. The outcome measures used in this study had large responsiveness in detecting improved changes after RT (standardized response mean = 0.96 to 1.69). Conclusions The findings of this study suggest that the higher-intensity RT intervention had better treatment effects, especially in upper-extremity motor ability, than the other 2 interventions. Recovery rates of the higher-intensity RT group were greater than those of the lower-intensity RT group on motor outcomes. The initial severity levels of the patients were found to affect their treatment outcomes after the higher-intensity RT. The better predictors for motor ability and muscle power outcomes after RT were motor ability of the distal part of the upper extremity and RT treatment group. The outcome measures used in this study are responsive to improvements of stroke patients after RT. The intervention protocols in this study generally can be tolerated by the participants without exacerbation of pain or fatigue and did not increase more oxidative stress after treatment. Based on the results, the higher-intensity RT is suggested to deliver in chronic stoke with moderate to mild motor deficits to improve motor recovery. The overall results enrich our understandings of treatment effects, dose-response relations, oxidative responses, prediction models, and clinimetrics of outcomes after robot-assisted rehabilitation in stroke patients. The promising results and experiences provide insights for continued study of these critical issues in stroke rehabilitation to contribute to evidence-based neurorehabilitation.

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36

Miller, Alan Christopher. "Response of juvenile steelhead trout to an instream habitat rehabilitation project in Meadow Creek, Oregon." Thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/34315.

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Responses of juvenile steelhead trout to changes in stream habitat resulting from an instream habitat rehabilitation project in Meadow Creek, Oregon were measured from 1991 through 1992 and compared to pre-treatment data from 1987 through 1990. Sixty nine pool-forming, and 59 channel-stabilizing log structures were constructed by the U.S. Forest Service in a 3.7 km reach in 1990. A 20-year flood caused extensive modifications to the instream structures in May 1991. Pool habitat and large wood volume increased in the treatment and the two reference reaches but pool development was greater in the treatment reach compared to the two reference reaches. Summer rearing densities of juvenile steelhead were similar for the treatment and the two reference reaches at the reach scale. Summer rearing densities were lower in the post-treatment period compared to the pre-treatment period for the treatment and two reference reaches. Mean density of juvenile steelhead was higher in complex pools compared to non-complex pools throughout the study area. Mean density of juvenile steelhead was higher in pools associated with large wood from washed-out structures compared to pools associated with intact structures in the treatment reach. Changes in smolt production from the treatment reach following the rehabilitation project could not be determined due to trapping difficulties. Only three percent of the smolts emigrating from the basin overwintered in the treatment reach in 1992. Four life history patterns of juvenile steelhead were identified. Only one of the four life history patterns rears in the Meadow Creek basin until smolting. From these findings I conclude that the instream habitat rehabilitation project did not increase the abundance of juvenile steelhead or smolt production during the first two years after treatment. An extended drought and a 20-year flood may have been the dominant factors controlling abundance of juvenile steelhead over the study period. The Meadow Creek rehabilitation project may have limited success at increasing smolt production because it influences only one of four life history patterns of juvenile steelhead during the entire freshwater rearing phase.
Graduation date: 1997

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37

Kuo, Shih-hao, and 郭士豪. "Using Cortico-muscular coherence to evaluate the functional recovery of stroke patients in response to rehabilitation." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00402590372079096974.

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碩士
國立中央大學
生物醫學工程研究所
104
The present study aims to evaluate the functional recovery of stroke patients in response to rehabilitation by Using Cortico-muscular coherence (CMC). Specifally, we correlated three existing arm movement functional scales on rehabilitation (FMA, TEMPA and WMFT) and CMC changes after intervention to determinate the efficacy difference between the conventional and virtual reality (VR) based rehabilitation. We recruited 17 subjects (male: 12; female: 5), the average age of 59.59 ± 12.10 years, seven of them accepted conventional rehabilitation, ten people accepted the virtual reality rehabilitation. All patients underwent a total 24 hours training program with the frequency of 1 hour a day, five days a week, and eight weeks per week. 30 channel EEG and 6 channel EMG were acquired before and after the rehabilitation training when patients did the shoulder flexion-extension using their affected hand. The CMC was computed at three different frequency bands (α: 8 ~ 15 Hz; β: 15 ~ 30 Hz; γ: 30 ~ 48 Hz). Clinical measures included FMA, TEMPA, WMFT were also conducted by the therapist pre- and post-treatment. We used regression analysis to evaluate the functional recovery with CMC and scores of clinical measures.The rmANOVA results of the outcome measurement indicated a significant effect on the intervention (p<0.001), measurement (p<0.001) and their interaction (p=0.024). We did not find a significant relation between EEG power over α and β band and FMA. However, the CMC analysis reveals that there are significant linear relation between C3 and several core muscles for moving the shoulder, including thetrapezius, anterior deltoid, middle deltoid, after deltoid and biceps in beta and gamma band. Furthermore, these CMCs are positively correlated with the functional improvement (i.e. the changes in FMA after rehabilitation). The CMC of C4 shows the similar patterns. We concluded that the increase of CMC after rehabilitation reflects the regain of control over muscles from the brain after damage.

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38

Huang, Chih-Jung, and 黃致榮. "Reorganization of the motor network associated with virtual reality parameters in response to rehabilitation after stroke." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98517277201669506500.

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碩士
國立中央大學
生物醫學工程研究所
104
Motor deficits of the affected upper limb (UL) after stroke affect up to two-thirds of stroke patients and conventional rehabilitation aims at reducing UL impairment, but significant variability exists between patients regarding rehabilitation efficacy. To date, the mechanisms induced by rehabilitation that can mediate the recovery process are not fully understood. In this study, we aim to identify the improvement-related motor network alternations that are correlated with the parameters acquired during rehabilitation. To this end, a home-made virtual reality (VR) based rehabilitation programme was designed to record the motion kinetics during rehabilitation treatment and EEG and dynamical causal modelling of induced responses (DCM_IR) were employed to analysis the motor network. 18 stroke subjects were recruited and underwent a VR based rehabilitation program with the frequency of 1 hour per day, five days a week. The parameters of human kinetics, such as speed/max speed, velocity and trajectory during VR-based rehabilitation were recorded digitally for correlation analysis. Before and after the rehabilitation, EEG data and were acquired during upper limb movements and the Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Physical Performance (FM) was estimated. DCM_IR was used to model the network parameters using EEG data and the changes of DCM_IR parameters after rehabilitation were then tested statistically by ANOVA. Significant changes of DCM_IR parameters were then correlated with the changes of FM scores after rehabilitation (i.e. improvement). Having established the improvement-related motor network changes, we then further tested whether a relationship existed between these changes and the changes of the parameters of motion kinetics during rehabilitation treatment. We have identified 22 coupling changes that are significantly correlated with the changes of motor kinetics induced by rehabilitation, of which 10 and 12 network changes were associated with the kinetics changes in the shooting and juggling VR games, respectively. Specifically, less inhibition loss from the ipsilateral pre-motor (iPM) gamma to SMA alpha led to improvements and this inhibitory change is positively correlated with the change in the instantaneous velocity during the shooting game. In addition, in the juggling game, we found that greater cM1 beta inhibition toward SMA alpha through less inhibition loss led to better outcome and this change was negatively related to the change in the instantaneous velocity during the affected hand movement. In conclusion, we have shown for the first time the functional role of the improvement-related motor network alternations in response to rehabilitation. The significance of this study is that we provide insights into the underlying recovery mechanism and the finding is translational in the clinical practice to develop a knowledge-based rehabilitation program that can facilitate the rehabilitation efficacy.

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39

Yoshida, Takashi. "Cardiovascular Response to Dynamic Functional Electrical Stimulation during Head-up Tilt." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/25528.

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Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a prevalent condition among individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). After an injury, OH often reduces the benefit of neurorehabilitation and also prolongs periods of inactivity that lead to secondary complications. This study investigated whether the cardiovascular response to head-up tilting can be improved using functional electrical stimulation (FES) and rhythmic passive movements of the lower extremities. Participants with high thoracic and cervical SCI were recruited. While the participants were tilted head-up to 70 degrees, four conditions were applied in a random sequence: 1) no intervention, 2) rhythmic passive leg movements, 3) isometric FES, and 4) a combination of FES and passive leg movements. The measured cardiovascular parameters indicated that a combination of FES and passive leg movements induced the most desirable response to head-up tilting. The proposed intervention will enable more individuals with SCI to participate in beneficial neurorehabilitation that uses a novel tilt table.

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40

"Impact of Total Knee Arthroplasty on Dynamic Fall Response." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.54948.

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abstract: Falls are the leading cause of fatal and non-fatal injuries in the older adult population with more than 27,000 fall related deaths reported every year[1]. Adults suffering from lower extremity arthritis have more than twice the likelihood of experiencing multiple falls resulting in increased fall-related injuries compared to healthy adults. People with lower extremity end-stage osteoarthritis(KOA), experience a number of fall risk factors such as knee instability, poor mobility, and knee pain/stiffness. At end-stage knee OA, the space between the bones in the joint of the knee is significantly reduced, resulting in bone to bone frictional wearing causing bone deformation. In addition, an impaired stepping response during a postural perturbation is seen in people with OA related knee instability. The most common treatment for end-stage knee osteoarthritis is a surgical procedure called, total knee replacement (TKR). It is known that TKR significantly reduces pain, knee stiffness, and restores musculoskeletal functions such as range of motion. Despite studies concluding that knee OA increases fall-risk, it remains unknown if standard treatments, such as TKR, can effectively decrease fall-risk. Analyzing the compensatory step response during a fall is a significant indicator of whether a fall or a recovery will occur in the event of a postural disturbance and is key to determining fall risk among people. Studies have shown reduced trunk stability and step length, as well as increased trunk velocities, correspond to an impaired compensatory step. This study looks at these populations to determine whether TKR significantly enhances compensatory stepping response by analyzing trunk velocities and flexions among other kinematic/kinetic variable analysis during treadmill induced perturbations and clinical assessments.
Dissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Biomedical Engineering 2019

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41

Granados, Monica. "Detecting changes in fish communities in response to habitat rehabilitation: a comparison of multimetric and multivariate approaches." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/24574.

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Bioassessment can be performed through several methods and with different bioindicators. In Canadian Areas of Concern (AOC), fishes are used as a proxy for site condition. The Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI), a multimetric index for biological assessment, has been applied to fish data across Canadian AOCs to detect recovery. Previous studies, however, have indicated the IBI is not sensitive to assemblage changes characteristic of later stages of recovery. In this study, the IBI and multivariate methods were applied to data from two AOCs, the Detroit and St. Clair rivers. The results revealed that the IBI is susceptible to species substitutions within metric categories. The substitutions produced high variability within narrative ranks and rendered the IBI insensitive to changes, detected by multivariate methods, in the fish assemblage. In the absence of reference sites, the multivariate analyses were supplemented with the development of a reference condition based on best professional judgment.

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42

Chen, Hsing-Yu, and 陳星佑. "Determining the Optimal Operation Conditions of Interval training of Phase II Cardiac Rehabilitation by using Response Surface Methodology." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/aatk3s.

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碩士
國立交通大學
管理學院工業工程與管理學程
107
Continuous and interval training programs are two commonly utilized training programs for Phase II cardiac rehabilitation intervention. The difference between continuous and interval training programs is the intensity of training. Continuous training program is typically the first choice of the training mode. However, in recent years interval training program has been gradually employed in phase II cardiac rehabilitation. The interval training program has also been compared with the continuous training program and is verified have better outcome than that of the continuous training program. However, some studies have inconsistent conclusion. The inconsistency of these results could be due to the parameter setting of intermittent training. The objective of this study is to investigate the optimal parameters setting for the interval training in Phase II cardiac rehabilitation using response surface methodology. This study recruited 13 patients who had underwent CABG,PTCA or POBAS surgery. The subjects who were referred to by the physiatrist, received 36 times of Phase II cardiac rehabilitation intervention. The change of the maximum VO2 is utilized as the response. The optimal valuing of parameter setting found by the response surface methodology are determined for the interval training in Phase II cardiac rehabilitation. Finally , the interval training program is verified to be effective.

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43

Marzolini, Susan. "Chronic Effects and Acute Physiological Response to Aerobic and Resistance Training in Patients Following Stroke Referred to a Cardiac Rehabilitation Program." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/35897.

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There is compelling evidence that regular physical activity is likely to play a role in the secondary prevention of stroke and comorbid coronary artery disease. However, structured physical activity programs are not widely available for people following stroke. Cardiac rehabilitation programs (CRP) are well suited to provide exercise training following traditional stroke rehabilitation. However, people following stroke may be limited by a constellation of neurological deficits that may prevent them from effectively participating in and benefiting from an adapted CRP. Accordingly, the objectives of this work were to 1) examine the utility of cardiopulmonary exercise stress testing (CPET) for developing an exercise prescription in people ≥3 months post-stroke with mild/moderate motor impairments 2) determine ability to achieve minimal recommended exercise training levels reported to elicit health benefits during a single standard CR session following completion of a CRP 3) evaluate the physiological, and cognitive effects of a 24-week CRP of resistance and aerobic exercise and the effect of stroke-recovery-time. It was hypothesized that most patients (>50%) would reach a level of exertion on the CPET that would provide recommended exercise prescription target levels and that individuals would be able to systematically reach these target levels during a CR session. Moreover, the established exercise program would result in physiological and cognitive benefit independent of time-from-stroke. Study 1 demonstrated that most patients achieved a level of exertion during the CPET sufficient to inform an exercise prescription. In Study 2 patients with motor impairments were able to meet or exceed minimal recommended exercise target levels of intensity, duration and energy expenditure. In Study 3 a CRP yielded improvements over multiple domains of recovery (cardiovascular fitness, functional ambulation, sit-to-stand performance, and muscular strength). While those referred ≤1 year and >1 year post-stroke derived benefits from a CRP, those who started earlier (≤1 year) had greater improvements in ambulatory performance. In Study 4 combined aerobic and resistance exercise resulted in improvements in cognitive function. Change in cognition was positively associated with change in fat-free mass and change in anaerobic threshold. In summary people post-stroke are able to effectively participate in and benefit from an adapted CRP.

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44

Pollock, Daniel Michael John. "The changing municipal housing role : an examination of the City of Winnipeg's response to federal funding and program changes to the Federal Residential Rehabilitation Assistance Program, 1974-1994." 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/12179.

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45

Wolf, Markus Johann. "Punishment and therapy : a progressive synthesis." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1021.

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The moral justification of punishment is the fundamental concern of this thesis. It is argued that a moral response to crime has to be a civilised response; therefore, the notion of "civility" is defined and discussed. Punishment is then defended in such a way that it accords with being a civilised response to crime. It is argued that in order to be such a response, and thereby qualify as a moral response, punishment must have a certain structure, i.e. it must fulfil seven necessary conditions, which, it is argued, together constitute the sufficient condition for morally justified punishment. In arguing for each of the necessary conditions, different onedimensional theories of punishment are dealt with (retributivism, utilitarianism, deterrence theory, rehabilitationism, a paternalistic theory of punishment, and restitutionalism}, indicating that each fulfils some of the criteria for morally justified punishment. None of the onedimensional theories fulfils all the necessary conditions, however, and hence none on its own fulfils the sufficient condition for morally justified punishment. This is not to argue that a straightforward theory could never on its own fulfil the conditions for morally justified punishment, but I have not been able to conceive how this could be done. The theory I here present is therefore a hybrid approach, incorporating elements of all the above-mentioned theories into a unitary theory. In doing so, it fulfils all the necessary conditions for being a civilised response to crime, thereby fulfilling the sufficient condition too, and hence providing a morally defensible account of punishment. Finally, the question of how this theory can be put into practice is addressed. Because the objective of punishment ought to be a civilised response, thereby benefiting both society as a whole and those being punished and rehabilitated, the thesis may be seen as a progressive synthesis of the various approaches examined.
Philosophy, Practical & Systematic Theology
D. Litt. et Phil. (Philosophy)

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46

Fernandes, Ana Sofia Pires. "Intervenção do serviço social com pessoas com deficiência em contexto local." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/8468.

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Trabalho de Projecto
O presente trabalho de projecto procura criar uma resposta integrada na área da deficiência, que visa o desenvolvimento de competências pessoais, sociais e profissionais de forma a potenciar a sua inserção, bem como promover a participação da família/ cuidadores informais, apoiando-a e fornecendo algumas competências necessárias para a interacção diária com este tipo de população. A primeira etapa consistiu na recolha de informação relativa ao enquadramento legal ao qual esta população se encontra sob abrigo, no que respeita à formação profissional e emprego (decreto-lei 290/2009, de 12 de Outubro); assim como os recursos e serviços existentes, com actuações similares à do projecto em questão. Englobará três áreas de intervenção: Pessoas com deficiência (independentemente da sua tipologia), Familiares/Cuidadores informais e os Profissionais. Contará ainda com actividades de sensibilização na comunidade, onde estarão igualmente inseridas as entidades responsáveis pela atuação com esta problemática, bem como disponibilizará um serviço de prevenção de comportamentos de risco e cuidados de saúde primários. A sua localização geográfica abrange o distrito de Lisboa, não obstante dar resposta a pessoas de outras regiões do país.
This Project tries to create an integrated response on the disability field, aiming the development of personal, social and professional skills, in order to ease the insertion of the disable persons and promote the participation of their families/informal caretakers, giving them the support and necessary skills to their daily contact with this type of population. The first step consisted in gathering information about the legal frame respecting this population, on what professional training and employment are concerned (Law-Decree 290/2009, of October 12), as well as information on the existing resources and services having goals similar to this project. It presents three major areas: People with disabilities (apart from their typology); Families and Informal Caretakers; and Professionals. The project will also rely on awareness activities in the community, along with the responsible entities, and will provide a specific service for the prevention of risk behaviors, as well as basic health care. The geographical location of the project is the Lisbon district; however answers can be given to persons from other regions of the country.

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47

Pagé, Isabelle. "Investigation des mécanismes qui sous-tendent les effets cliniques de la manipulation vertébrale dans la prise en charge des douleurs chroniques non spécifiques au rachis : rôle des réponses neuromécaniques et de la rigidité vertébrale." Thèse, 2018. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/8752/1/032180796.pdf.

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48

(7874897), Ryan T. Whelchel. "Evaluation and Structural Behavior of Deteriorated Precast, Prestressed Concrete Box Beams." Thesis, 2019.

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Adjacent precast, prestressed box beam bridges have a history of poor performance and have been observed to exhibit common types of deterioration including longitudinal cracking, concrete spalling, and deterioration of the concrete top flange. The nature of these types of deterioration leads to uncertainty of the extent and effect of deterioration on structural behavior. Due to limitations in previous research and understanding of the strength of deteriorated box beam bridges, conservative assumptions are being made for the assessment and load rating of these bridges. Furthermore, the design of new box beam bridges, which can offer an efficient and economical solution, is often discouraged due to poor past performance. Therefore, the objective of this research is to develop improved recommendations for the inspection, load rating, and design of adjacent box beam bridges. Through a series of bridge inspections, deteriorated box beams were identified and acquired for experimental testing. The extent of corrosion was determined through visual inspection, non-destructive evaluation, and destructive evaluation. Non-destructive tests (NDT) included the use of connectionless electrical pulse response analysis (CEPRA), ground penetrating radar (GPR), and half-cell potentials. The deteriorated capacity was determined through structural testing, and an analysis procedure was developed to estimate deteriorated behavior. A rehabilitation procedure was also developed to restore load transfer of adjacent beams in cases where shear key failures are suspected. Based on the understanding of deterioration developed through study of deteriorated adjacent box beam bridges, improved inspection and load rating procedure are provided along with design recommendations for the next generation of box beam bridges.

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Дисертації з теми "Faunal response to rehabilitation"

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