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1
Tatlonghari, Gerlie, and Zenaida Sumalde. "Formation of Social Capital for Common Pool Resource Management." Asian Journal of Agriculture and Development 5, no. 2 (December 15, 2008): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37801/ajad2008.5.2.2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A standard optimal investment model is used to analyze farmers' decision to accumulate social capital in terms of participating in collective activities for irrigation management. Several predictions borne out by the data are presented in this study. Social capital investment in small irrigation groups (1) decreases when the farmer's field is located at the downstream area where water is scarce; (2) increases when farmers have larger ricefields; (3) decreases when farmers pay the irrigation service dues; and (4) increases when the farmer belongs to a heterogeneous group which facilitates collective action when pooling resources to reduce the risks involved in rice farming. Moreover, the farmers' social capital investment in other small irrigation groups in the irrigation system 1) increases when farmers have larger rice-growing areas; 2) increases when there is a high level of trust among the farmers; but 3) declines as the opportunity cost of time increases due to coordination and participation in collective activities with farmers from other areas of the system.
2
Silvert, Colby, John Diaz, Laura Warner, and Willis Ochieng. "To work alone or with peers: Exploring smallholder coffee farmers’ perceptions influencing collective actions." Advancements in Agricultural Development 2, no. 2 (May 18, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.37433/aad.v2i2.95.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study examines how smallholder coffee farmers’ perceptions may influence their engagement in peer mobilization and collective action. Forty smallholder coffee farmers were interviewed in the Central Highlands region of Peru using a closed-ended instrument. The sample of smallholder farmers was achieved using purposive and snowball sampling methods. Quantitative data on farmers’ attitudes and aspirations regarding working with peers, autonomy, and external support as well as knowledge, skills, and behaviors pertinent to collective actions were collected and analyzed using descriptive and correlational procedures. Key findings indicate farmers perceive a need for external support, feel there are benefits of collective actions, and aspire to work with their peers. Based on the findings, it is recommended that practitioners and farmer group leaders focus training efforts on building smallholders’ knowledge and skills in mobilization, encourage peer association/collective action as a source of external support, and target knowledgeable, skilled and confident farmers to lead collective actions. This study has implications to bolster support for farmer-to-farmer extension and technical assistance systems and inform the identification of leader farmers.
3
Zhu, Xiaoyan, and Guangyao Wang. "Impact of Agricultural Cooperatives on Farmers’ Collective Action: A Study Based on the Socio-Ecological System Framework." Agriculture 14, no. 1 (January 4, 2024): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14010096.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Agricultural cooperatives greatly influence agricultural and rural modernization in China. Based on 381 farmer samples in the arid Tarim River Basin, this empirical study aimed to construct an index system for the exploration of the relationship between cooperatives and farmers’ collective action by using the Socio-Ecological System framework. The results showed that agricultural cooperatives helped to empower farmers to act collectively. Agricultural cooperatives, with the mechanisms of collective decision making, institutional constraints, and internal supervision, could realize the integration of resources required for farmers’ collective action and promote the sharing of risks and benefits. By providing financing support and a platform for resource integration, cooperatives could reduce constrains induced by economic difference among farmers; enhance village leadership, organization, and coordination; and promote the accumulation of social capital and villagers’ sense of identity with the village. Particularly, cooperatives could support farmers to adopt water-saving irrigation technologies and reduce their over-dependence on chemical pesticides and fertilizers, thus promoting farmers’ collective action. Therefore, the development of agricultural cooperatives will help enhance farmers’ collective action, promote the modernization of rural governance, and realize rural revitalization.
4
Dinarti, Siwi Istiana, Sri Peni Wastutiningsih, Subejo Subejo, and Supriyanto Supriyanto. "KECERDASAN KOLEKTIF PETANI DI LAHAN PERTANIAN PASIR PANTAI KECAMATAN PANJATAN KABUPATEN KULON PROGO." Agro Ekonomi 24, no. 1 (January 25, 2017): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jae.18328.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study aims to determine the process of collective intelligence of farmers to describe level of collective intelligence of farmers in coastal agriculture area farm management and factors of the collective intelligence of farmers. in coastal agriculture area. The basic method used here was namely analytical descriptive method. The sample was taken with purposive method. Analysis method was done by using chi-square and gamma tests. The results showed that the process as of collective intelligence of coastal agriculture area fanners in Panjatan Sub District were social learning and consensus process. Level of collective intelligence of farmers' on the coastal agriculture area tends to be high. Indicators of collective intelligence that have been done by all of the farmers were land clearing for agriculture, land consolidation, farm road construction, group planning arrangement, auction markets arrangement, and pantek well construction. There were two indicators which haven't been done by farmers i.e. using of plastic mulch a.nd using of power sprayer. The factors affecting collective intelligence are farmer's organization activities, farmer's experience and land size.
5
Yuniarto, Antonius, and Maria R. Nindita Radyati. "Analysis of Joint Marketing Initiatives by Farm Group and its Contribution to Marketing Performance." Journal of Social Research 2, no. 10 (September 4, 2023): 3411–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.55324/josr.v2i10.1424.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The agricultural industry is critical to human life, yet it is not comparable to small farmer’s income in Indonesia. The number of farmer households is decreasing, and the average age of farmers is increasing. The agricultural industry is no longer appealing to the younger generation due to a variety of issues experienced by Indonesian farmers. The majority of Indonesian farmers are small-scale, with little land and production. Farmers also face obstacles such as not having sufficient skills in agricultural business which results in low productivity and no added value to their production. This condition also causes them to have to deal with volatile prices from middlemen which are often not profitable for farmers. The Collective Marketing initiative was created to help agricultural enterprises become more lucrative by increasing the size of farmers' economies of scale, allowing them to enter a secure market with enough bargaining power. This study examines the economic and social impacts of Collective Marketing initiatives in Kopwan Srikandi, as well as in Koperasi Tani Kopi Prima Jaya and KTH Cibulao Hijau. This study also discusses the impact of the Collective Marketing initiative on sustainable development.
6
Wulansari, Ica. "Jaringan Bonding Kapital Sosial Petani Melestarikan Mekanisme Adaptasi Kolektif Petani." Jurnal Sosiologi Andalas 8, no. 2 (October 4, 2022): 98–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jsa.8.2.98-114.2022.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Farmers community neeed collective adaptive capacity to cope with climate change. The aimed of this research was to identify and analysis the network of social capital to preserve collective adaptation mechanism. This study adopted a qualitative approach to the type of descriptive. In analysing this research, the writer used coding analytics to find out the thematic category through social capital concept. The findings indicated that the bonding network of farmer was consist of access of knowledge, collective planning mechanism of planting paddy crop and formal institution of farmer groups. The bonding network had succeeded sustaining adaptive collective mechanism due to the existence of knowledgeable farmers. Meanwhile, this collective adaptive mechanism was strengthened by social interaction between farmer`s bonding network and bridging network. This interaction effectively to build collective planning capacity based on farmers group learning.
7
Noer, Irmayani. "Collective Marketing Performance of Coffee Beans in Lampung Province." International Journal of Applied Business and International Management 7, no. 2 (August 20, 2022): 72–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.32535/ijabim.v7i2.1725.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study aims to identify actors in collective marketing channels and analyze the collective marketing performance of coffee beans in Lampung Province, Indonesia. Research samples are 50 coffee farmers in West Lampung Regency, randomly selected from farmer groups. The analytical method used to assess the collective marketing performance was marketing margin analysis.”The results showed that many actors were involved in the marketing channel, including collectors, wholesalers, farmer groups, Federate Farmers Groups, Joint Business Groups, and exporters.”Their involvement increased the handling costs during the marketing process. There are four collective marketing channels of coffee beans identified in this research.” Based on the results of marketing margin analysis, it is known that the most efficient collective marketing channel is direct selling to Joint Business Group.”
8
Wulansari, Ica, Oekan S. Abdoellah, Budhi Gunawan, and Parikesit. "Identification of Adaptive Capacity Assessments to Improve Collective Adaptation of Farmers to Climate Change." Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development 12, no. 1 (December 20, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/5005.v12i1.4391.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Collective adaptation is a relevant discussion in association with the limited adaptive capacity of farmers to deal with climate change. This study aims to improve the collective adaptation of farmers through the identification of adaptive capacity assessments. A collective adaptation mechanism in the form of planning for rice planting time has succeeded in reducing the vulnerability of farmers. This study was conducted at a rice production center with a collective adaptation mechanism in Indramayu District, West Java Province, Indonesia. The data were collected using a quantitative method through a questionnaire distributed to 296 farmer respondents and a qualitative method through structured interviews. The observations provided an overview for authors to build structured interviews. The results of the study show that the adaptive capacity of farmers is supported by social capital and collective adaptation mechanisms of farmers consisting of trust in the formal leaders, quality of collective decisions, and planning capacity. The results of this study contribute to the implementation of public policies in order to support the successful implementation of adaptation strategies to deal with climate change in accordance with the needs of farmers.
9
Sarjana, S., M. N. Setiapermas, and S. Basuki. "ANTISIPASI DAN MEKANISME PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN PETANI DALAM PENGENDALIAN DAMPAK ANOMALI IKLIM(FARMERS’ ANTICIPATION AND DECISION MAKING MECHANISM IN MANAGING IMPACT OF CLIMATE ANOMALY)." Agromet 21, no. 1 (June 19, 2007): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/j.agromet.21.1.47-54.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<p>Farmer’s collective participation in climate anomaly anticipating and managing its impacts are more significant. The study purposed to identify the climate anomaly impact and its anticipation in farmer’s level. The study is conducted in eight districts, i.e., Temanggung, Magelang, Kebumen, Brebes, Kendal, Grobogan, Pati, and Sragen, on July – October 2005. The analysis based on interview of 84 respondents that consist of farmers and officers of local agricultural services. According to the farmers, El Nino affected their farming activities like longer dry season, decreased yield, delay of onset planting season, increased costs for irrigation, seed, pesticides, and cost of land preparation. In farmers’ level, climate anomaly impacts was managed by planting schedules improvement, changing varieties or commodities, and looking for alternative sources of waters. Farmers determine the actions by considering collective decision and the guidance of agriculture extension workers. Time tolerance of farmers tin tailoring climate anomaly is about a month. However, most of farmers manage the farming system based on normal condition. As the climate anomaly is an external factor that affect farming system, local authority should support the farmer’s collective actions through dissemination of anticipation strategies in managing the impacts climate anomaly, and support facilities to implement the strategies.</p>
10
Kolaj, Rezear, Edmira Ozuni, Dubravka Skunca, and Dorjana Zahoalia. "The Challenges of Collective Action for Olive Growers in Albania." European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 3, no. 1 (January 21, 2017): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v3i1.93-98.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Despite a considerable increase of surfaces with new olive cultivars during last two decades in Albania, the yields have not followed the expected trend. Participation of farmers in common activities would have benefits for costs cutting and efficiency as well as for the commons in a broader economic and social aspect. An opportunity for reducing costs and increasing farmers' income is the organization of farmer’s production by the principles of collective action. The research objective is to find factors affecting the olive growers (farmers) participation in collective actions in Berat area, the second largest olive production area in Albania. A questionnaire was designed in order to measure several variables. Interviewing took place from October 2015 to February 2016. Education, access to markets, income and leadership have statistical significance and influence olive producer’s participation in activities based on collective action. The research results can be useful to policymakers, public bodies and researchers. The fact that with farm size increase, decrease the possibility of farmer’s participation in collective action activities is important finding that helps in understanding the critical financing limits and optimization of the public funds used in creation of public policies.
11
Kolaj, Rezear, Edmira Ozuni, Dubravka Skunca, and Dorjana Zahoalia. "The Challenges of Collective Action for Olive Growers in Albania." European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 3, no. 1 (January 21, 2017): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v3i1.p93-98.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Despite a considerable increase of surfaces with new olive cultivars during last two decades in Albania, the yields have not followed the expected trend. Participation of farmers in common activities would have benefits for costs cutting and efficiency as well as for the commons in a broader economic and social aspect. An opportunity for reducing costs and increasing farmers' income is the organization of farmer’s production by the principles of collective action. The research objective is to find factors affecting the olive growers (farmers) participation in collective actions in Berat area, the second largest olive production area in Albania. A questionnaire was designed in order to measure several variables. Interviewing took place from October 2015 to February 2016. Education, access to markets, income and leadership have statistical significance and influence olive producer’s participation in activities based on collective action. The research results can be useful to policymakers, public bodies and researchers. The fact that with farm size increase, decrease the possibility of farmer’s participation in collective action activities is important finding that helps in understanding the critical financing limits and optimization of the public funds used in creation of public policies.
12
Kolaj, Rezear, Edmira Ozuni, Dubravka Skunca, and Dorjana Zahoalia. "The Challenges of Collective Action for Olive Growers in Albania." European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 7, no. 1 (January 21, 2017): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v7i1.p93-98.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Despite a considerable increase of surfaces with new olive cultivars during last two decades in Albania, the yields have not followed the expected trend. Participation of farmers in common activities would have benefits for costs cutting and efficiency as well as for the commons in a broader economic and social aspect. An opportunity for reducing costs and increasing farmers' income is the organization of farmer’s production by the principles of collective action. The research objective is to find factors affecting the olive growers (farmers) participation in collective actions in Berat area, the second largest olive production area in Albania. A questionnaire was designed in order to measure several variables. Interviewing took place from October 2015 to February 2016. Education, access to markets, income and leadership have statistical significance and influence olive producer’s participation in activities based on collective action. The research results can be useful to policymakers, public bodies and researchers. The fact that with farm size increase, decrease the possibility of farmer’s participation in collective action activities is important finding that helps in understanding the critical financing limits and optimization of the public funds used in creation of public policies.
13
Nugraha Muslim, Sheliana, Eva Wirabuana, Dito Hastha Krisandy, Ahsani Paramitasari, and Rifky Taufiq Fardian. "Inisiatif Komunitas dan Jaringan Lokal Petani Kopi Gunung Kamojang: Studi Binaan PT PLN Indonesia Power Kamojang POMU." Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi 3, no. 10 (October 10, 2022): 1023–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.36418/jist.v3i10.509.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Over the past decades, coffee farmers in Kamojang have faced the same problems as farmers around the world. This ethnographic research among the coffee farming community of Wanaka Kopi Gunung Kamojang Farmers Group is located in Kamojang, Laksana Village, Ibun District, Bandung Regency, West Java from 2019-2022. This research documents local initiatives to address problems through the establishment of a network of Wanaka Kopi farmers in the Gunung Kamojang Farmer's Group, revitalization of traditional production patterns, local integration into the national coffee commodity chain and entrepreneurship of coffee-derived product innovation. Conceptualizing how to empower local coffee farmers, the Wanaka Kopi Gunung Kamojang Farmer Group generates and implements the initiative, this journal suggests that by leveraging their social network, local farmers revive their economic output. There is a decent collective bargaining position in the realm of the coffee commodity chain system, giving them the opportunity to survive the deregulation of forestry investment, which is a problem for farmers and is undeniably affected by climate change.
14
Yan, Lei, Xubin Lei, Kairong Hong, Hui Li, and Mengyuan Chen. "Improving Farmer Willingness to Participate in the Transfer of Land Rights in Rural China: A Preference-Based Income Distribution Scheme." Land 11, no. 3 (March 4, 2022): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11030379.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Promoting the transfer of rural land is an important way for many developing countries to improve the efficiency of rural land use and develop the rural economy. A reasonable income distribution scheme (IDS) is the key to enhancing farmer willingness to participate in the transfer of rural construction land use rights. However, little attention has been paid to farmers’ preference for the IDS of the transfer of rural collective construction land use rights. This research aims to detect the farmers’ preference for IDS in the process of rural collective land rights transfer. Based on the survey data of 489 farmers in Liuyang City, Hunan Province and Deqing County, Zhejiang Province, China, a random parameter Logit model is used to explore their preference for the IDS of the transfer of rural collective construction land use rights. The results show that, in general, the farmers focus on the income distribution ratio and pension in the IDS, which will significantly improve their utility. There are obvious regional differences in their preference for IDSs. For example, farmers in Liuyang prefer payment in shares, while those in Deqing prefer cash. Thus, the IDS for the transfer of rural collective construction land use rights should be based on the basic principle of ensuring fair land value-added income for the farmers, increased payment forms with social security functions, and reasonable IDSs in accord with the preferences of farmers in different regions, so as to enhance farmer willingness to participate.
15
Wahyuni, Fera, Ratna Winandi Asmarantaka, and Nia Rosiana. "Sistem Pemasaran Beras Di Kabupaten Landak, Provinsi Kalimantan Barat." Forum Agribisnis 13, no. 2 (October 24, 2023): 203–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/fagb.13.2.203-217.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Landak Regency has the potential to develop rice with a production surplus of 52,296 tonnes. This increase in production must be balanced with a good marketing system so that farmers and marketing agencies can receive more favorable prices. The purpose of this study is to analyze the channel, function and operational efficiency of rice marketing (marketing margin, farmer's share, and profit to cost ratio) in Landak District. This study involved 45 respondent farmers as a sample which was obtained through a purposive sampling method in which the respondent farmers were selected with consideration of certain characteristics according to the research objectives. Marketing agency respondents were obtained using the snowball method based on information flow from farmers and obtained 13 marketing agency respondents. Qualitative data is used to analyze marketing channels and agencies. Quantitative data is used to analyze marketing margins, farmer's share and profit to cost ratio. The results showed that there were 5 marketing channels and 4 marketing agencies involved. The marketing channel is distinguished from the products sold by farmers, namely channels 1, 2 and 3, farmers sell unhusked rice, while channels 4 and 5 sell rice. Channel 1 consists of farmer-gatherer-factory-retailer-end consumer, channel 2 consists of farmer-collector-mill-retailer-end consumer, channel 3 consists of farmer-mill-retailer-end consumer, channel 4 consists of farmer-retailer -end consumers and channel 5 farmers sell rice directly to end consumers. The results of the operational efficiency analysis show that a relatively efficient marketing channel is channel 1 based on the profit to cost ratio having a value of >1 (profitable). Increasing the institutional role of farmers (poktan and gapoktan) such as collective transactions can help farmers receive more profitable prices..
16
Chen, Yixiang, and Xiangmu Jin. "How Do Farmers Realize Their Rights on the Collective Land in Rural China? An Explanatory Framework for Deconstructing the Subject of Collective Land Ownership." Land 12, no. 9 (September 8, 2023): 1746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12091746.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study aims to deconstruct the collective, the subject of collective land ownership. With respect for the logic of the formation of collective land ownership, we propose the “transfreserve” mode to portray the division of rural land rights between the members and the organization in the transformation from private ownership to collective ownership. This idea can be expressed as, prompted by the public power of the state, each farmer as the owner of rural land having to transfer part of his/her rights to the organization when associating, meanwhile each one still reserves part of his/her rights. We term the rights transferred to the organization as special legal person ownership, while the rights reserved by each farmer are called membership rights. The rights exercised by all members on the basis of membership rights are the autonomous rights. In terms of the property rights, such as the distribution right of the collective income, farmers have to participate in decision-making to determine how to form the allocation scheme in a fair and reasonable way by exercising autonomous rights; then, organization fulfills the collective will to meet the needs of its members by exercising special legal person ownership. As for the right to use public infrastructure on the collective land, farmers, as the members, can use it reasonably by its own will, which is the process of exercising membership rights. If farmers’ rights are infringed by other members, they can choose to negotiate with other members in a proper way. If farmers’ rights are infringed when the organization carries out operation activity in the land market, they can obtain compensation from the organization, and the compensation standard is determined by the decision-making.
17
Abdul-Rahaman, Awal, and Awudu Abdulai. "Farmer groups, collective marketing and smallholder farm performance in rural Ghana." Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies 10, no. 5 (July 9, 2020): 511–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jadee-07-2019-0095.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
PurposeRapid transformation of agrifood value chains because of population growth, urbanization, rising consumer incomes and increased demand for food quality and safety has resulted in the need for smallholder farmers to coordinate horizontally through group formation and collective marketing to improve farm performance in developing countries. This paper aims to examine the factors that influence farmer group membership and collective marketing decisions and their impacts on smallholder farm performance in rural Ghana.Design/methodology/approachUsing data from a recent survey of 447 rice farmers in rural Ghana, an endogenous switching regression model is employed to account for selection bias arising from both observable and unobservable farmer attributes.FindingsThe data reveal that group members and collective marketing participants obtained higher prices and also incurred lower input costs. The econometric estimates show that age, access to credit, mobile phone ownership, distance to market and road status are the main drivers of group membership and collective marketing decisions. The authors also find positive and significant impacts of farmer group membership and collective marketing on farm net revenues.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings from this study suggest that government and donor support for the formation of farmer groups during implementation of agriculture and value chain interventions should as well incorporate strategies to facilitate collective marketing.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to examine the role farmer groups and collective marketing play in improving smallholder farm performance.
18
Liu, Lin, and Honggang Sun. "The Impact of Collective Forestland Tenure Reform on the Forest Economic Efficiency of Farmers in Zhejiang Province." Sustainability 11, no. 8 (April 16, 2019): 2272. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11082272.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The impact of collective forestland tenure reform on farmers’ economic efficiency in the collective forest areas was assessed. Both technical efficiency and scale efficiency of farmer households were calculated using the output-oriented bootstrapped data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach along with a household efficiency model that incorporates the survey data from 243 farmer households. The DEA results show that a substantial economic inefficiency for farmers exists, which renders a high prospect of improving economic efficiency. The findings from the empirical regression of the data also show that the collective forestland tenure reform is quite beneficial for the farmer households, particularly for those with distinguished commercial forest types. The tenure reform has a very influential impact on the efficiency of the farmers managing timber forests and bamboo forests, and so do the policies of reform for forestland circulation, forest-cutting quotas, forestland loan, and technical training. However, the cooperation arrangement currently is still not strong enough to influence economic efficiency. Based on the regression findings, together with the survey, a number of policy suggestions are put forward to the policy makers for improving economic efficiencies for international communities in the process of forestland tenure devolution.
19
Cheruiyot, Joseph Kipkorir, and Joash Keino Kibett. "Evaluation of Social Capital Attributes as Predictors of Collective Actions among Smallholder Farmers in Tinderet Sub-County, Kenya." East African Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 7, no. 1 (May 21, 2024): 80–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajis.7.1.1932.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Small farms make up 85% of farms worldwide. Similarly, in Kenya, the agriculture sector is dominated by smallholder farmers. To overcome constraints imposed by small units and for sustainable development, smallholders often organise themselves into groups or farmer-producer organisations (FPOs) to access services. They exploit elements of social capital; social networks, norms and trust to enhance cooperation for collective actions. It is often assumed that social capital attributes among farmers’ groups are exploited for positive collective actions such as access to credits and the sale of aggregated produce. Social capital attributes, however, differ from one farmer organisation to another. This study evaluated levels of social capital attributes among farmers from value-chain-linked groups. The predictive value of the social capital indicators on the desired outcome of collective actions was investigated. Based on a retrospective study design, interviews were conducted on 72 farmers drawn from 9 FPOs with 215 members. Attitude scales ranked 1 to 5 were used to gather the opinions of participants on the attributes. Participants were sampled by purposive and multi-stage sampling schemes. Single-sample Wilcoxon test was used to analyse strength of each attribute among participants. Median value for indicators of social trust, social participation, norms, common vision and social networks were significantly higher than ‘neutral,’ P< .05. Collective actions in inputs-acquisition and produce-selling did not differ significantly from ‘neutral’ (P > .05). The mean for social capital attributes had strong predictive ability on collective actions as tested by Spearman’s Rank analysis using SPSS; R2 = .382, P = .000. The collective actions in learning, inputs-purchase, produce-selling, price negotiations and market-information seeking could be predicted from the social capital attributes evaluated. It is recommended that stakeholders build capacity of FPOs, particularly for collective actions in inputs-acquisition and marketing of produce for sustainable development
20
Il’inykh, Vladimir A. "Social Mobility of Collective Farmers in the 1930s." Izvestia of the Ural federal university. Series 2. Humanities and Arts 23, no. 1 (2021): 114–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/izv2.2021.23.1.008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The author carries out a retrospective analysis of social mobility elevators and channels functioning within the collective farm system in the USSR in the 1930s. The subject of research is the collective farm peasantry and its border social groups (machine operators, administrative staff of collective farms, and machine and tractor station workers). It is concluded that multidirectional channels and lifts of intergroup and intragroup social mobility operated in Soviet rural areas in the 1930s. The most widespread channel of social mobility was collectivisation. Intensive social processes took place inside collective farms, which resembled social elevators that had an internal corporate character. A professional career in collective farms could be used as a mechanism of mobility: external elevators, institutionalised state practices, “positive” behavioural practices, and “positive” socio-political record. Channels of social and professional mobility functioned within the collective farm system. The most socially significant of them was the transition of workers engaged in horse and manual labour to machine operators. The collective farm system was integrated into the system of social elevators and channels operating in the USSR, but transition to them from collective farms was limited. Administrative, educational, professional, gender, and age barriers were in place for the social mobility of collective farmers. Chance to go beyond collective farms was given to young people receiving education and conscription. Being sentenced to prison meant the collective farmer’s descent to the bottom of the Soviet social ladder. The mechanisms of social descent could be: “negative” behavioural practices, illegal actions, and “negative” socio-political record.
21
Han, Ning. "On the Relationship between Farmers’ Collectives and Rural Collective Economic Organizations—From the Perspective of Collective Land Ownership." Beijing Law Review 14, no. 04 (2023): 1690–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/blr.2023.144093.
Повний текст джерела
22
Wei, Jian, Hui Xiao, Can Liu, Xiaotao Huang, and Dahong Zhang. "The Impact of Collective Forestland Tenure Reform on Rural Household Income: The Background of Rural Households’ Divergence." Forests 13, no. 9 (August 23, 2022): 1340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13091340.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As the direct subject of collective forestland tenure reform, increasing farmers’ income is an important goal of collective forestland tenure reform and the key to sustainable management of forest resources. Based on the survey data of 1276 rural households in 18 counties in 9 provinces, we construct a theoretical analysis framework of the impact of collective forestland tenure reform on household income from the perspective of rural household differentiation and elucidate the mechanism of the effect of collective forestland tenure reform on household income in the context of the rural household differentiation. The results of the empirical analysis show that, firstly, the collective forestland tenure reform significantly increases the total income, forestry income, and off-farm income of rural households, but the effect of income increase differs significantly among different groups of rural households with different income levels, showing the characteristic of “benefitting the rich more than the poor”. Secondly, as rural household differentiation deepens, there is a moderating effect of rural household differentiation in the income-raising effect of collective forestland tenure reform, i.e., collective forestland tenure reform has a stronger marginal effect on the forestry income of shallowly differentiated rural households and a weaker marginal effect on their off-farm income compared to deeply differentiated rural households. Finally, the income increase effect of collective forestland tenure reform shows significant situational dependence in both forestland operation scale and human capital endowment. The income-raising effect of collective forestland tenure reform is stronger for forestry income of large operation scale farmers, while it is stronger for off-farm income of small operation scale farmers; the income-raising effect of collective forestland tenure reform is stronger for farmers with high quantity and quality human capital endowment than for farmers with low quantity and quality human capital endowment. Therefore, this paper attempts to provide a policy adjustment idea to deepen the policies related to collective forestland tenure reform by starting from the farmer differentiation side.
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Veena Suresh and Sreejith SS. "Strengthening Collective Action and Sustainability of Traditional Farmers Organizations from an Indian Philosophical Perspective." European Conference on Knowledge Management 24, no. 2 (September 5, 2023): 1294–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/eckm.24.2.1523.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Developing countries like India are formulating various models to improve farmers' lives and agribusiness organizations' sustainability. However, most models focus on technological interventions in improving agriculture production, pest control and creating hybrid seeds that resist climate change to achieve agriculture sustainability. They ignore the role of the collective action approach to ensure the holistic development of farmers and the agriculture sector. There is significantly less attention given to indigenous ways of building collective action and organizational sustainability of the traditional Farmer's groups. Therefore, the researcher aims to explore the existing activities followed by traditional farmers to ensure collective action and the organizational sustainability of their groups. Additionally, the researcher maps its similarity to the Indian philosophical principles of Pancha Maha Yajna propagated by the Vedas. Pancha Maha Yajna describes five daily obligations or sacrifices an individual must make to respect and give back to society, nature, and the divine. Firstly, Brahma Yajna, which involves knowledge creation and updating. Secondly, Dev Yajna which is seeing divinity within and around. Third, Pitru Yajna, where we acknowledge and celebrate the contributions made by our ancestors. Fourth is Bhuta Yajna, which describes an individual's responsibility to respect and care for all living things, including people, animals, and plants. Lastly, Manushya Yajna is a service to society. A qualitative case study method was adopted to explore the evidence of applying these ancient principles in the daily activities of traditional farmers groups in India. A theoretical model to enhance collective action and organizational sustainability grounded on Vedic concepts was developed based on the evidence from the study. Thus, agribusiness organizations worldwide can implement the tenets of Pancha Maha yajnas to encourage ethical behaviour, social responsibility, collective action, and sustainability in their organizations to promote the social welfare of farmers and society.
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D'Haese, Marijke, Guido Van Huylenbroeck, and Luc D'Haese. "Collective Action in a Complex Institutional Environment." Outlook on Agriculture 34, no. 1 (March 2005): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/0000000053295114.
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The importance of social capital and institutional reform is increasingly recognized in current development reporting. This article illustrates the complexity of the institutional environment in which smallholders in developing countries operate and how institutional innovation can contribute to increasing farmers' incomes. A case study of small-scale farmers in the Transkei area of South Africa illustrates the success of new institutional arrangements via a project of the South African wool industry, which aims at improving the livelihoods of farmers by supporting wool production and securing market access. However, possibilities with respect to specialization are limited because of a peculiar institutional environment, in particular a communal land-tenure system.
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KUMAR, SUNIL, GOPAL SANKHALA, PRIYAJOY KAR, P. H. ROMEN SHARMA, and DEVENDRA KUMAR MEENA. "An Exploratory Study on Farmer’s Perception about dairy-based Farmer Producer Companies in India." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 92, no. 5 (June 14, 2022): 619–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v92i5.124749.
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Farmer Producer Company (FPCs) has emerged as a novel collective approach model and is considered to be a very effective tool for improving the overall socio-economic development of small and marginal farmers in India. To authenticate this prerogative, a survey was conducted among 360 dairy farmer members of 12 dairy-based farmer producer companies in three states of India. Most of the farmers expressed that the major objectives of FPCs are to maximize the benefits of members (75.50%), capacity building of its members (76.38%), better accessibility of agricultural services (74.44%) followed by reducing the transport cost of members (72.75%). Furthermore, the study has also investigated the socio-economic variables and their relationship with the individual perception of the farmer about FPCs. Findings aid us to formulate an appropriate strategy that will help to improve the farmers’ perception about the FPCs. Enhanced farmers’ awareness and knowledge about the beneficial effects of FPCs will encourage fellow farmers to form FPCs and reap its benefits on a larger scale
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Lombana González, María Emma. "Modelo de estrategias en intervención para producir la inteligencia colectiva en los productores campesinos del departamento de Cundinamarca." Revista Relayn - Micro y Pequeñas empresas en Latinoamérica 5, no. 3 (September 14, 2021): 313–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.46990/relayn.2021.5.3.150.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
El propósito de este artículo es desarrollar una propuesta de intervención para mejorar la inteligencia colectiva en los campesinos pertenecientes a la Asociación de Productores Campesinos Agropecuarios. La base del documento será la revisión de temas como la inteligencia colectiva y la economía del comportamiento, y cómo estos enfoques pueden aportar diferentes elementos para mejorar la productividad en el grupo de productores. Lo que se busca es, para la inteligencia colectiva, comprender cuáles son esos factores que impactan las relaciones que se establecen entre los individuos, las interacciones necesarias para generar comportamientos colectivos; según informes, existe un escaso nivel cultural en los campesinos de conocimiento de procesos colectivos. AbstractThe purpose of this article is the development of an intervention proposal to enhance the collective intelligence of farmers who are members of the Farmer’s Agricultural Producer Association (Asociación de Productores Campesinos Agropecuarios). This document will serve as a basis for the review of collective intelligence as well as economical behavior and how these approaches may provide different elements leading to an increase in production of this group of farmers. Regarding collective intelligence, we seek to understand which factors impact interpersonal relationships, the interaction necessary for building collective behavior; according to reports, there exists low levels of cultural knowledge in collective processes by farmers.
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Ashby, Jacqueline, Geoffrey Heinrich, Gaye Burpee, Thomas Remington, Kim Wilson, Carlos Arturo Quiros, Marco Aldana, and Shaun Ferris. "What farmers want: collective capacity for sustainable entrepreneurship." International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability 7, no. 2 (May 2009): 130–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3763/ijas.2009.0439.
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Kumari, Sneha, Nisha Bharti, and K. K. Tripathy. "Strengthening Agriculture Value Chain through Collectives: Comparative Case Analysis." International Journal of Rural Management 17, no. 1_suppl (March 18, 2021): 40S—68S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973005221991438.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Indian agriculture has always been less profitable. Several factors contribute to the low profitability in agriculture, but less value addition, weak value chain system and weak market linkage are some of the most important factors. Producer companies are helping small farmers to emerge in the market. The farmer producer organisations (FPOs) linked with the producer companies are the best example of collective actions. The collective actions for the agriculture value chain (AVC) have resulted in a decrease in the cost and an increase in revenue. FPO and producer company find a good place in the underpinning theory of collective action theory. This study examines various successful examples of strengthening AVC through cooperatives and tried to identify various factors responsible for the success of these collectives. This study has adopted a case study approach. Three successful cases, that is, Vasundhara Agriculture Horticulture Producer Company Ltd: a multi-state FPO, Abhinav Farms Club and Sahyadri Farmer Producer Company have been selected for the case study based on their successful interventions for strengthening the agriculture value chain. Primary and secondary data has been collected through telephonic interviews from the board of directors, chairman and the members of the FPO. Both primary and secondary data have been collected to compare the three cases for AVC models. The data has been analysed using a comparative case study approach. The parameters of AVC have been identified using the Delphi technique. The study has found that collective actions have helped the farmers to strengthen the agriculture value chain. The study also concluded that leadership played an important role in defining the success of the FPOs. The study brings out future directions to excel in AVC through collectives.
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Li, Lipeng, Xiuling Ding, Apurbo Sarkar, and Hua Li. "Assessing the Impact of Confirmation of Rights and Collective Trust on Farmer’s Forestry Management and Protection Behaviour—A Case of Collective Forest Areas in Zhejiang and Jiangxi Provinces, China." Forests 14, no. 2 (February 13, 2023): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14020376.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Confirmation of rights and collective trust (interpersonal and institutional) can act as primary factors for facilitating effective forest management and conservation. Collective forests are lands held collectively by either rural or indigenous communities based on a shared history, language, culture, or lineage. It is an institutional arrangement in which communities are involved wholly or partly in decision-making and contribute knowledge and labour to achieve healthy forests and social well-being. Based on the existing literature, the nature of collective forest rights and trust can be derived from social, rather than economic, prospects. Therefore, based on the institutional theory, this study constructs a theoretical framework to verify the impact of the confirmation of rights and trust on farmers’ forestry management conservation behaviour. The empirical setup of the study was comprised of a data set of 682 collective forest farmers in Zhejiang and Jiangxi provinces, China. We utilized the negative binomial regression model to quantify the proposed framework. The main conclusions were as follows. Confirmation of rights and collective trust had a significant positive role in promoting farmers’ forestry management and protection behaviour. Increasing the confirmation of rights and trusts by one unit increased the number of farmers’ forest management and protection by 1.846 and 2.631 times, respectively. The interaction between confirmation and trust did not substantially affect farmers’ behaviour. The diverse forest labour force, the total area of forest land, and the number of forest plots had a significant positive impact, while the head of the village and the number of migrant workers significantly and negatively impacted farmers’ behaviour. Therefore, it is necessary to further improve the forestry land rights system and strengthen the trust mechanism so that it can become an effective institutional incentive for farmers to manage and protect forests.
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Dalimunthe, Apip Gunaldi. "The Distribution Pattern And Marketing Efficiency Of Robusta Coffee At Tanggamus Regency." Management Research and Behavior Journal 1, no. 2 (December 30, 2021): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/mrbj.v1i2.5802.
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Coffee is one of the plantation comodities in Indonesia which has important economic value as a source of income for the country. Marketing is one of the most essential sub-systems to ensure the successfulness in agriculture. This research aims to know the pattern of marketing channels of robusta coffee and make analysis of efficiency level of robusta coffee marketing at Tanggamus Regency. The main problem in this research is the formed marketing channels will affect the final price of a robusta coffee product in the market. The method used in this research was descriptive analysis using snowball sampling technique with 68 farmers and 4 traders as respondents. The analaysis of marketing margin was used to know the gap of selling price in the level of producers and the selling price in the level of consumers. Farmer’s share was used to know the price for farmers. The result of this research shows that there are 3 patterns of marketing channel, they are: (1) Farmers to big collective traders to exporters, (2) Farmers to big traders to exporters, (3) Farmers to small collective traders to big traders to exporters. The efficient marketing channel is in the first channel because it has the smallest marketing margin whose margin is Rp. 1.520/Kg and the highest farmer’s share which reaches 93,42%.
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Asia, Nur, Sarwititi Sarwoprasodjo, and Dyah Gandasari. "Dialog dan Tindakan Kolektif Kelompok Tani dalam Program Sertifikasi Kakao di Provinsi Sulawesi Barat." Jurnal Komunikasi Pembangunan 16, no. 1 (February 7, 2019): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.46937/16201825118.
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The cocoa certification program is the implementation of cocoa management practices that meet sustainable agricultural standards. This program is part of the commitment of cocoa sector stakeholders to realize sustainable cocoa. West Sulawesi Province is one of cocoa production centers in Indonesia. The implementation of cocoa certification in this province is still low, about 8.4% of the total cocoa farmers. This study aims to determine the potential for sustainability of the adoption of Cocoa Certification from development communication aspect by conducting an assessment on dialogue and collective action of farmer groups. The research conducted in Luyo Sub-District Polewali Mandar District West Sulawesi Province using survey method with descriptive correlation analysis. The sample size is 41 groups with 205 respondents. Descriptive analysis shows the average index of the implementation of community dialogue and collective action of 56.05,50,88 and 65.72 from a maximum score of 100. The results indicated that perception of farmers on the observability of Cocoa Certification and the role of facilitators are significant related to dialogue and collective action of farmer groups. The dialogue in the group is significant correlated with their collective action. So, some farmer groups have potential to continue to adopt the Cocoa Certification standard but others have potential to quit.
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Vipriyanti, Nyoman Utari, Dewa Ayu Puspawati, Putu Lasmi Yulianthi Sapanca, and Made Emy Handayani Citra. "Model Penguatan Subak di Era New Normal: Analisis Peran Collective Action pada Penerapan Sistem Terintegrasi Itik Padi di Tabanan-Bali." Jurnal Ilmiah Membangun Desa dan Pertanian 5, no. 5 (October 31, 2020): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.37149/jimdp.v5i5.14166.
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The Covid 19 pandemic has brought significant changes to the economy of Bali as a domestic and foreign tourist destination. The tourism sector, as the main contributor to the largest contributor to Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), experienced a contraction, which had an impact on other sectors. One of the sectors affected in the agricultural sector, especially the marketing of food products. In the new normal era in Bali, it is necessary to strengthen the rural economy through the application of technology but the process of implementing these innovations is not always successful. The success of collective action is determined by the rational boundaries of society. The rational boundaries of society can be expanded by the presence of symmetrical information. The research objective was to analyze the role of collective action on the application of the Integrated System of Rice Ducks as an effort to increase farmers' income. This research is a case study in Subak Lanyah, Tabanan Sub District, Tabanan-Bali District. Primary data were collected through direct observation and questionnaires while secondary data were collected through literature studies. Analysis of the role of collective action in the application of the integrated system of rice ducks (STIP) was carried out statistically descriptive of farm costs and farmer income. The results showed that the STIP innovation as an effort to increase farmers' income was successfully implemented through Collective action. The collective action mechanism plays a role in strengthening social capital which encourages the application of STIP technology so that the income of Subak member farmers in Subak Lanyah, Tabanan-Bali increases. The success in implementing STIP technology is done by building a process of communication, trust, and networks of farmers with the government, private sector, and universities.of communication, trust, and networks of farmers with the government, private sector, and universities.
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Phali, Lerato, Maxwell Mudhara, Stuart Ferrer, and Godswill Makombe. "Determinants of Farmers’ Participation in the Management of Smallholder Irrigation Schemes in Kwazulu-Natal Province, South Africa." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 12, no. 6(J) (February 9, 2021): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v12i6(j).3121.
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Participatory Irrigation Management is an important concept in the management of water resources. It fosters collective responsibility and rule compliance, the lack of which creates a weak environment for sustainable water use. This study adopted Principal Components Analysis and Structural Equation Modelling to evaluate the determinants of farmer’s participation in the management of four smallholder irrigations schemes in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. The selected schemes, Ndumo, Makhathini Flats, Mooi River and Tugela Ferry, are representative of the general management and farmer activities in smallholder irrigation schemes in the country. The study considered household data from 341 irrigators and found that those who participated in regulation and control management activities of SIS also participate in information sharing activities. The results show that agricultural training, land tenure security, credit access and co-operative membership positively influence farmers’ participation in decision making. Additionally, irrigation water adequacy positively influences farmer’s participation in making financial contributions in the schemes. The study recommends that better land agreements that, would improve the security of tenure should be put in place to foster farmer participation. Farmers should receive agricultural and irrigation training to increase the likelihood of participating in the management of irrigation schemes.
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Bozhichko, V. V. "Budget survey documents as source for studying everyday life of collective farmers in 1945-1955." Memoirs of NovSU, no. 6 (2023): 652–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.34680/2411-7951.2023.6(51).652-659.
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The article is devoted to the analysis of documents of the Russian State Archive of Economy and the State Archive of the Russian Federation on the survey of collective farmers' budgets as a source for studying the daily life of collective farm workers in the first post-war decade. In the funds of these archives, there are many documents with the results of the survey of collective farmers' families, including information about their income and expenses, food turnover, livestock, and labor costs in personal and collective farm. The article discusses the organization and progress of the survey, difficulties encountered in its process and possible errors in the array of collected information, describes forms for collecting primary information and provides examples of analytical reports and analysis of income changes obtained on the basis of the collected data. The chronological scope of the article is limited to 1945-1955. The introduction of new archival documents into scientific circle and the long time tracking of trends in income and expenses, food consumption, the purchase of industrial goods and the use of rural household contributes to a detailed reconstruction of the daily life of collective farmers.
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Peroff, Deidre M., Duarte B. Morais, and Erin Sills. "The Role of Agritourism Microentrepreneurship and Collective Action in Shaping Stewardship of Farmlands." Sustainability 14, no. 13 (July 2, 2022): 8116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14138116.
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Agritourism has been promoted primarily as a way to mitigate economic challenges faced by small-scale family farmers, but it may also foster land stewardship and promote agricultural literacy. There has been very little research on these relationships. We employed a primarily qualitative approach to assess how farmers’ involvement in agritourism microentrepreneurship shapes their stewardship of small-scale farmlands in southeastern North Carolina. Furthermore, we examined how farmers’ involvement in social structures, summarized in measures of collective action, supported or hindered this relationship. We find that reasons for participation in agritourism differed greatly between conventional farmers and alternative farmers. While both groups expressed a desire to reduce agricultural illiteracy among the public through agritourism, conventional farmers were motivated primarily by sociocultural reasons (e.g., community and youth development) while alternative farmers wanted to educate visitors about land stewardship and environmentally sustainable food production. Involvement in agritourism microentrepreneurship did not directly influence land stewardship by either group of farmers. Alternative farmers expressed that collective action was important in helping them promote land stewardship, but they felt restricted by sociocultural and geographic barriers preventing them from developing trust within their community. Conversely, conventional farmers reported deeper cultural roots in the community. Thus, participation in agritourism does not have a generalizable impact on farmers’ land stewardship; instead, agritourism becomes a stage through which farmers try to demonstrate their pre-existing land ethics.
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Qi, Yunyun, Tianye Zhang, Jing Cao, Cai Jin, Tianyu Chen, Yue Su, Chong Su, et al. "Heterogeneity Impacts of Farmers’ Participation in Payment for Ecosystem Services Based on the Collective Action Framework." Land 11, no. 11 (November 9, 2022): 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11112007.
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Payments for ecosystem services (PES) are designed to reduce the impact of human activities on eco-sensitive areas. PES programs often adopt economic-incentive and command-control strategies. Increasing the enthusiasm of farmers’ participation is crucial for the sustainability of PES programs and ecosystem restoration. The watershed ecological compensation in Xin’an River Basin is the first horizontal ecological compensation pilot in China. In this study, economic-incentive strategy and command-control strategies in living and farming are implemented simultaneously to improve water quality. Under the collective action framework, we analyze the drivers of farmers’ participation in three concurrent strategies using hierarchical linear models (HLM). The results show: (1) Overall, 81.79%, 76.26%, and 79.11% of farmers are willing to participate in economic-incentive strategy, command-control strategy in living, and command-control strategy in farming, respectively, while 18.21%, 23.74%, and 20.89% are from the village level. (2) Among statistically significant (p < 0.01) factors at the farmer level, social trust (β = 0.305), and social participation (β = 0.134) have positive effects on the economic-incentive strategy; the number of communication and entertainment equipment has a positive effect on the willingness to participate in command-control strategy in living (β = 0.287) and command-control strategy in farming (β = 0.336). (3) At the village level, village characteristics have a direct impact on the farmers’ willingness to participate in strategies. Village woodland area is positively correlated with strategies participation. In addition, village characteristics play a moderating role by influencing farmers’ sustainable livelihood capital. We conclude that different concurrent strategies and collective actions need to be considered in the design of PES programs, particularly in ecologically sensitive areas, which can enrich the theory of collective action and the connotation of PES.
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Gorbachev, Anton O., and Ol’ga M. Semerikova. "Practices of Formation of Managerial Personnel in Collective Farms of the Middle Urals in 1965–1982: on the Issue of Preserving Collective Farm Democracy." Economic History 19, no. 4 (December 29, 2023): 364–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/2409-630x.063.019.202304.364-375.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. In the article, on the basis of archival materials on the example of the Middle Urals, the issue of the practices of the formation of managerial personnel in collective farms is considered. The authors of the study question the widespread thesis that collective farms more and more resembled state farms – that is, managers were mainly appointed by higher authorities, and ordinary collective farmers could not influence this in any way. Results. We have identified at least three mechanisms for the formation of collective farm chairmen. The first mechanism assumed that the candidate for the position of head was an independent figure from the district committee, and was elected by the collective farmers at the meeting. In another case, the candidate was approved by the district committee or the city committee of the party and at the collective farm meeting only the candidate was approved for office. It is worth noting that such a statement was not always passed unanimously, and sometimes with the most severe resistance on the part of ordinary members of the collective farm. The third option of election is a compromise: if the collective farmers needed to leave one or another chairman of the collective farm, the district or city authorities could not offer their candidate, but agree with the opinion of the collective farmers. Discussion and Conclusion. Thus, the authors came to the conclusion that elements of democracy in the collective farms of the Middle Urals still existed in the above-mentioned period.
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Gyau, A., M. Mbugua, and J. Oduol. "Determinants of participation and intensity of participation in collective action: evidence from smallholder avocado farmers in Kenya." Journal on Chain and Network Science 16, no. 2 (December 5, 2016): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jcns2015.0011.
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Access to markets is one important strategy which can assist smallholder farmers to move out of poverty. Collective action through farmers' groups has been identified as a strategy to improve the participation of farmers in markets. This study analyzes the determinants of participation and intensity of participation of collective action in production and marketing of avocado in Kenya. Group participation and the intensity were modelled as a binary choice decision and analyzed using logit models. Interviews were conducted with 301 farmers in avocado production zones in Kenya. The result showed that age, education, gender and perceptions on knowledge and improved technology influence farmers' decision to participate in group activities. Occupation, area of residence and farmers' perception on knowledge and improved technology use, and economic benefits had a significant influence on the intensity of participation. We conclude that it is crucial to educate farmers through trainings, workshops and seminars before group formation in order to ensure that they understand the importance and impacts of collective action. Finally, development practitioners and government organizations which intend to intervene through farmers' groups should understand farmers' perceptions and hence expectations from the groups.
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Liu, Jiali, and Hengwei Wang. "What Is Farmers’ Level of Satisfaction under China’s Policy of Collective-Owned Commercial Construction Land Marketisation?" Land 11, no. 8 (August 17, 2022): 1335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11081335.
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The entry of collective-owned commercial construction land into the market is a major reform of China’s land management system, which will help promote the appreciation of rural land, establish a unified urban and rural construction land market, and help rural revitalisation and urban–rural integrated development. Based on the classic customer satisfaction index model, this study constructs a satisfaction model for farmers who enter the market with collective-owned commercial construction land. Farmers’ satisfaction is measured by 7 latent variables and the corresponding 22 observed variables, forming a causal chain containing 13 pairs of interactions. Taking as an example Dazu District of Chongqing City, one of the pilot areas where China’s collective-owned commercial construction land has come on the market, AMOS statistical analysis software is used to test the hypotheses. The research results show that: farmers’ information awareness has the greatest impact on farmers’ satisfaction; the higher farmers’ perceived quality is, the more they can improve their satisfaction; there is a significant relationship between farmers’ satisfaction, farmers’ complaints and farmers’ trust; and the three are closely related. Finally, based on the research results, we try to put forward targeted policy suggestions in order to provide a useful reference for government to push for the promotion of the collective-owned commercial construction land marketisation in other rural areas of China and its future improvement.
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Özcan-Tok, Elif, Mustafa Utku Özmen, Ertan Tok, and Tuba Yılmaz. "The impact of collective action and market prices." Online Information Review 43, no. 4 (August 12, 2019): 565–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oir-08-2018-0243.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether the information sharing in an online discussion forum, over an agricultural market characterized by a large number of small-scale farmers, has an impact on the market prices. Design/methodology/approach All the comments posted by farmers and traders on four storable items (potato, onion, lemon and apple) in an online discussion forum over 2013–2017 are collected. By using text mining techniques and regression analysis, words characterizing the actions and expectations of farmers and traders on the course of the market price are identified. Then, summary indicators pointing to positive and negative views on prices are calculated. Finally, the relation between these indicators and market prices is analyzed. Findings The results point to economically significant impacts, as one standard deviation increase in the share of net positive comments is associated with 20, 22, 13 and 10 percent increase in the consumer prices of potato, onion, lemon and apple, respectively within three months. Originality/value Overall, this study provides an evidence for the link between information sharing of farmers on online domain and their collaboration in the physical domain. Thus, the study implies that the information synthesized from online discussion forums may actually contain valuable information for researchers and policy makers regarding the behavior of agents even on traditional domains such as agriculture.
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Gautam, Supriya, and L. C. Mallaiah. "Enhancing Farmer’s Income and Farmer Producer Organizations’ (FPOs) in India." Saudi Journal of Economics and Finance 8, no. 04 (April 2, 2024): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjef.2024.v08i04.001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The agriculture sector in India has spent the last few decades primarily focusing on expanding agricultural output and enhancing food security. This approach included the following steps: first is, enhancing production through the use of high-quality seeds, agricultural chemicals, fertilizers, and irrigation. Second is, providing subsidies for farm inputs and paying fair prices for crops. Third is, Public investments in agriculture, and last is institutions that facilitate trade. Mid through the 1960s, the nation experienced a food shortage. In India, the green revolution overcome the path to address the food crisis that had persisted for the previous fifty years. India's population increased by 2.55 times while production of food increased by 3.7 times, which has made India a self-sufficient country in the food industry and able to export the net food to other countries. The strategy had no impact on the rise of farmers' income and had no provisions for their welfare. Several studies demonstrate that an increase in output should increase a farmer's income, but this was not always true. The Government of India (GoI) has announced in the union budget to double the income of farmers by 2022. Various grass root institutions are existing in India such as self-help groups, farmer's groups, farmer's interest groups, cooperatives, common interest groups, and Farmer Producer Organization (FPO). The GOI has suggested FPO as a tool, In order to mobilize the farmers and bring them under one umbrella to achieve the goal and double the farmers' income. Farmer Producer Organizations offer small and marginal farmers institutional support, assure a stable income for their agricultural output, and ultimately improve their standard of living. The main objective of this paper is to examine the structure of farmers' income in the country and how Farmer producer organizations empower the farmer's income to assess the possibility of enhancing the farmers’ income and discuss the FPO's tools for increasing the farmers’ incomes. The study is based on secondary data and the study is primarily exploratory. This paper addresses the issue of farmers' income and FPOs. This paper is based on 70th and 77th round NSSO Situation Assessment Surveys. The data pertains to the years 2012 and 2018-19. The information was gathered from different secondary sources, such as data on policies and other government sources, including NGOs, National and international management journals, and online sources are included. The study concludes that although boosting farmers' real earnings in six years is a challenging challenge, it may not be entirely unachievable if appropriate techniques are used. The study finds that increases over five to six years in nominal terms are already occurring. The instruments should be multifaceted and focus on increasing returns, lowering costs, and creating sustainable incomes while taking into account the dwindling natural resource base. For tracking the development, we should periodically have access to trustworthy income statistics. The income described in this paper is the gross cost of production. It can be concluded that FPOs form a core part of the strategy to sustain the life of small and marginal farmers out of poverty and enhance their income and competitiveness in agricultural markets. The expected result of this effort is to provide a single window for farmers to increase their income from farm produce through direct marketing and to gain collective bargaining power. So, the purpose of this study is to illustrate how smallholder farmers might raise their income through FPOs, which may help the farmers in doubling their income and empower them.
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Khasyanov, Oleg Renatovich, and Lilia Nadipovna Galimova. "Erosion work ethic of the soviet peasantry in the postwar decades (on materials of the Ulyanovsk Region)." Samara Journal of Science 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv20161209.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Modern problems in the agricultural sector are rooted in the fact that for decades the state agricultural policy was characterized by neglect of the interests of the main producer, non-economic coercion to labour, alienation from the land and produced goods, infringement of social rights of the peasantry which inevitably led to urbanization, population migration from villages. On the basis of the study of the scientific literature and archival documents which have been analysed for the first time, the complex process of destruction of the collective farmerss attitude to work in the public sector is explored. According to the author, the material difficulties of rural society in the war years led to the recovery in the agricultural society of previous forms of economic activity, namely the one-man operation in its stead. The victorious conclusion of the war led to the restoration of the pre-war state policy in the field of agriculture, but farmers continued to ignore social work. The author believes that public campaigns aimed at the restoration of collective farmerss labor discipline were unsuccessful because in the absence of material incentives the collective farmers were not ready for selfless labor in social production.
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Srikar, Katiki. "Impact of Farmer Producer Groups (FPGs) on Upliftment of Tribal Farmers in Andhra Pradesh." Indian Research Journal of Extension Education 22, no. 2 (April 1, 2022): 176–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.54986/irjee/2022/apr_jun/176-180.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
India is a country with a greater number of small and marginal farmers who do not have the volume to benefi t from the economies of scales. Farmer Producer Groups (FPGs) are a possible solution to many of the issues confronting Indian agriculture. The present study in Srikakulam district of Andhra Pradesh was focused on examining the perceived impact of FPGs in multifaceted dimensions for better understanding of changes among the members of tribal FPGs. The study included 145 members selected through multi-stage proportionate random sampling method. Data collection was done through personal interview method with the help of well-structured interview schedule. The fi ndings of the study concluded that the formation of FPGs had a direct impact as increase in income of ₹14924.14 on an average and indirect impact as achievement of psychological, sociological, economic and political empowerment of the tribal farmers. Among the aspects of empowerment under consideration, psychological dimension received the highest mean score of 2.64, while political dimension had the lowest mean score of 2.06. FPGs in addition to pooling inputs of tribal farmers through collective approach, is also performing diversifi ed actions aimed at boosting their income and standard of living
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Maspaitella, Marcus, Elena Garnevska, Muhammad I. Siddique, and Nicola Shadbolt. "Towards high value markets: a case study of smallholder vegetable farmers in Indonesia." International Food and Agribusiness Management Review 21, no. 1 (January 9, 2018): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.22434/ifamr2017.0011.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The expansion of modern markets has significant implications for agriculture in many developing countries that provides both opportunities and challenges for smallholder farmers. The purpose of this paper is to analyse key determinants affecting farmers’ participation in high value markets, compared to traditional market. Face to face interviews based on a questionnaire were conducted with a sample of 126 smallholder vegetable farmers in the Manokwari region. Binary logistic regression and bivariate correlation analysis were used in this study. The results suggested that age, education level, vegetables cultivated area and membership in farmer groups/cooperatives were the key determinants that had significant effects on the smallholder farmers’ decision about marketing channel participation. In addition, the income generated from vegetable farming was positively correlated to high value market participation. Some implications that need to be prioritized in agricultural development strategies include improving technical innovations and empowering collective actions through cooperatives or farmer groups.
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Sasikanth R. and Ravichandran S. "Assessing Women Farmers' Perceptions of Farmer Producer Organizations: A Special Reference to Namakkal District, Tamil Nadu, India." Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology 41, no. 10 (October 14, 2023): 727–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i102219.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aim: This research aims to assess the perceptions of women farmers regarding Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs), with a specific focus on women-based FPOs in Namakkal District, Tamil Nadu. The primary objective is to contribute to the development of more effective and sustainable FPO models, which can support smallholder farmers in improving their livelihoods and achieving food security.
Research Gap: The research aims to fill a critical gap in existing literature by focusing exclusively on women farmers' perspectives on FPOs, thereby providing insights into the effectiveness of FPOs in empowering women in agriculture.
Study Location: Namakkal District, Tamil Nadu, was chosen due to its high concentration of FPOs under the Central Sector Plan for 10,000 new FPOs.
FPO Selection: Four women-based FPOs were purposively selected from 17 in the region, focusing on FPOs with exclusively female members to explore women farmers' experiences.
Sample Size and Data Collection: Structured questionnaires were used to collect data from 30 members in each of the four selected women-based FPOs, totaling 120 participants.
Data Analysis: Factor analysis was applied to the dataset comprising 22 variables related to women farmers' views of Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs).
Results: Study identified eight critical factors that significantly shape women farmers' perceptions of FPOs. These factors include the business ecosystem, value addition services, marketing services, production services, bargaining power, social capital, advisory services, and prosperity benefits. Together, these factors explain 68.356% of the variance in the data, offering valuable insights into what influences women farmers' views on FPOs.
Conclusion: Joining an FPO offers equal opportunities, collective procurement, and knowledge exchange for all farmers, empowering women with training and resources for active participation in agriculture. FPOs boost prosperity, elevate societal status, and provide valuable support to women farmers, enhancing their livelihoods.
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Zulham, Armen, Nensyana Shafitri, Budi Wardono, Radytio Pramoda, Cristina Yuliati, and Agus Heri Purnomo. "Collective actions to support sustainable aquaculture: Evidence from brackish water ponds area in Aceh Tamiang." BIO Web of Conferences 74 (2023): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20237401008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Our research focuses on establishing and improving farmers’ organization in areas with brackish water aquaculture. This research aims to promote sustainable aquaculture enterprises in Aceh Tamiang by engaging fish farmer organizations and promoting collective action. Managing a brackish water region covering a total land area of 3,624.5 hectares requires collective action measures. There is no local governing body that manages water resources or the environment and surroundings of the ponds. Farmers who require knowledge about pond waste and sediment management in the context of fish farming can better understand pond season planting techniques. We selected two villages from the four sub-districts of Aceh Tamiang to gather relevant data from April to May 2021. We comprehensively investigated the brackish aquaculture in Sungai Kuruk III, located in the Seruway sub-district. Our study recommends the formation of a collective entity called Gapokkan, where groups of brackish water fish producers from various villages in Aceh Tamiang can collaborate and unite. Gapokkan can effectively address various difficulties associated with brackish water pond areas to achieve sustainable aquaculture in Aceh Tamiang.
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Huang, Wei, and Xiaohong Shi. "The Promoting Role of Rural Collective Property Right System Reform on Farmers' Income Increase." Frontiers in Science and Engineering 3, no. 8 (August 22, 2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/fse.v3i8.5520.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Document No. 1 of the Central Committee in 2023 pointed out that it is necessary to give farmers fuller property rights and interests, consolidate and improve the results of the reform of the rural collective property rights system, build an operating mechanism with clear property rights, scientific governance structure, sound management and reasonable distribution of proceeds, explore diversified ways to develop a new type of rural collective economy such as contracting out of resources, renting out of properties, providing intermediary services, and participating in assets, continue to deepen the reform of the collective forest rights system, and deepen the pilot demonstration of comprehensive rural reforms. system reform, and further promote the pilot demonstration of comprehensive rural reform. This paper starts from the reform of rural collective property right system, takes Anhui Province as an example, and studies the promotion effect of the reform of rural collective property right system on farmers' income in Anhui Province. The study concludes that: First, the reform of the rural collective property right system clarifies the ownership of collective assets, quantifies the collective assets into shares, and increases the property income of farmers. Secondly, the reform has led to changes in the structure of rural employment, with a large number of rural residents shifting their employment from the primary industry to the secondary and tertiary industries, and increasing their wage income. Third, the reform has broadened the farmers' business mode, optimized the business model, making the farmers' operating income increase. At the same time on the implementation of the reform of collective property rights system in Anhui Province and the actual situation of Anhui Province's own economic development, put forward relevant policy recommendations.
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Jain, Rahi, and Prashant Narnaware. "Role of Local Context in the Success of Farmer Collectives: A Review." Millennial Asia 9, no. 3 (December 2018): 318–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0976399618805626.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Farmer collective (FC) history in developing countries is a mixed one. Different models of FC are adopted, but many farmers have not been part of collectives, and the established collectives have been facing various challenges such as marginalization of weak, external interference and poor competitiveness. This review focuses on the understanding the role of various factors influencing the FC performance and success. The article critically examines the evidence provided regarding the socio-economic-environmental characteristics of the local area, collective characteristics, performance characteristics and externalities in determining FC success. The main focus is on relevance of a local system in determining FC success. The article concludes that while FC success is mixed, incorporation of local system characteristics during the FC establishment and functioning could ensure FC success. However, it is important that external agents need to co-align their interests with the local context such that FC becomes successful both for local system intrinsic goals and national development goals.
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Li, Wenlong, Suocheng Dong, Haiying Lin, Yu Li, Zehong Li, Zhuang Jin, and Bing Xia. "Influence of Rural Social Capital and Production Mode on the Subjective Well-Being of Farmers and Herdsmen: Empirical Discovery on Farmers and Herdsmen in Inner Mongolia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 2 (January 8, 2022): 695. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19020695.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Rural areas are crucial to the realization of sustainable development goals (SDGs). Rural social capital is indispensable for these areas to fulfil the SDGs. As China pursues rural revitalization, it is essential to achieve the sustainable development of rural areas within the agropastoral transition zone (APTZ) in northern China. The same applies to the SDGs’ realization in other APTZs across the globe. From the micro perspective of individual farmers and herdsmen, this article collected 732 microscopic datapoints through repeated rural surveys, and adopted the multivariate ordered probit model to empirically analyze how the subjective well-being of farmers and herdsmen in northern China’s APTZ was affected by the individual (person) and collective (community) layers of rural social capital. Specifically, the production mode was introduced to study the relationship between social capital and subjective well-being, and social capital was measured by a self-designed theoretical analysis framework, which covered six dimensions and two layers (person and community). It was verified that the individual social capital and collective social capital were mutually replaceable in terms of the effect on the subjective well-being of farmers and herdsmen. Additionally, this article examined the influence of different production modes on the social capital and subjective well-being of farmers and herdsmen, and discussed how the same amount of social capital contributes differently to the subjective well-being of farmers and herdsmen under different production models. The results showed that: (1) Social capital significantly promoted the subjective well-being of farmers and herdsmen, and social network was the leading contributor among the dimensions of individual social capital, while social trust was the leading contributor among the dimensions of collective social capital. By the contribution to the subjective well-being of farmers and herdsmen, the six dimensions of social capital can be ranked as social network > social trust > social participation > social standard > social fame > common vision. (2) Individual social capital and collective social capital were mutually replaceable in terms of enhancing the subjective well-being of farmers and herdsmen; when the individual social capital was insufficient, the collective social capital would exert a much greater influence on the subjective well-being of farmers and herdsmen; when the individual social capital grows, the farmers and herdsmen would depend less on collective social capital. (3) The same amount of social capital contributes differently to the subjective well-being of farmers and herdsmen under different production models; by contribution strength, the production models can be ranked as pure herdsmen (PH) > pure farmers (PF) > non-farmers/herdsmen (NFH) > farmers + herdsmen (FH). Finally, several policy suggestions were provided to improve the subjective well-being of farmers and herdsmen in APTZ. The results show that collective social capital eliminates the negative effect of individual social capital shortage on the subjective well-being of farmers and herdsmen. Thus, it is suggested to consider not only the construction of macroscopic hardware environment, but also to roll out policies and measures to improve the subjective well-being from the micro perspective of farmers and herdsmen. These suggestions are concentrated on the implementation of China’s rural revitalization strategy, and the creation of relevant institutions and cultural environments, as well as the optimization of the internal hierarchy of farmers and herdsmen’s social capital. The research results may help to promote the subjective well-being of farmers and herdsmen in rural areas within the APTZs of China and the world, and provide a reference and a path to realize SDGs in China and similar places across the globe.
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Khanal, Kapil, Kalika Bahadur Adhikari, Shiva Chandra Dhakal, and Santosh Marahatta. "Factors Motivating Farmers for Collective Action for Management of Irrigation System in Nepal." International Journal of Social Sciences and Management 8, no. 1 (January 25, 2021): 285–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijssm.v8i1.31748.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The study analyzed the factors motivating the farmers for collective action for the management of the Shardikhola Puranchaur Irrigation System of the Kaski district of Nepal in 2019. A cross-sectional data of 184 farmers were collected using a simple random sampling method. A logit regression was used for data analysis. Age of the household head, years of schooling of the household head, presence of fine in monetary terms, number of farmers in a branch of the irrigation system positively motivated farmers in the involvement in the group for the management of the irrigation system. Motivation among farmers for collective action for management of the irrigation system was influenced by a combination of different factors. Therefore, the proper distribution of water at different branches, binding every level of users by law and transparency in the use of the income of the irrigation system must be maintained to achieve the desired results.
Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 8, Issue-1: 285-291