Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Family doctor's search"

Germany is facing a shortage of young family doctors. In search of possible reasons the aim of this study was to explore the perception of specialists on family doctors. Within a qualitative study 16 medical specialists from different fields in hospital and outpatient care setting were interviewed. Interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis according to Mayring. Most of the interviewed specialists have a positive view on family doctors although a certain depreciative assumption is resonated in a number of statements. According to the specialists, family doctors enjoy a high status in public, even if social processes of change may have a negative influence on their rather old-fashioned image. Specialists find that family medicine is underrepresented in university education suffering from an upgrading of specialized disciplines. Altogether the majority of the interviewed specialists certify family doctors in Germany a positive image. Lecturer in medical education and training should be aware of their key role in the career choices of young trainees and avoid degradation or upgrading of certain medical disciplines. Interlinked measures on different levels focusing on the improvement of working conditions and representation at the universities would be needed to regain attractiveness for the family doctor's profession as a career choice for young doctors.

Background: The Internet has proven to be a powerful vehicle for the dissemination of information and the use of Internet by the patients as a source of information on health and disease is increasing rapidly. It has reformed the doctor-patient relationship by empowering patients with information. The objective was to study the trends of patient’s health information seeking behaviour on the internet and its effects on the doctor-patient relationship.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted amongst the 73 doctors and 110 patients attending the tertiary health care centre, Davanagere. A pre-tested and pre-validated questionnaire was used to collect data. Percentages and Proportions were used to summarize the study variables.Results: The most common search engine used was Google i.e. 92% and majority of them looked up symptoms/ disease condition 80%. 57% respondents verified doctor’s advice. 73% respondents stated that they used online health information for self-diagnosis but less than 10% of respondents took medications mentioned online. The doctors (60%) stated that the patient’s Internet use proves that the patient or his/her family are involved and take responsibility. However, 49.3% of doctors stated that they get uncomfortable when presented with online health information by the patients.Conclusions: Doctors are starting to recognize the use of the internet by patients as a source of health information. Patients consider the internet as a supplementary resource for better understanding of symptoms and diagnosis. The need of the hour is better communication between doctor and patients; and availability of reliable web-based health resources to patients for better compliance.

Korean immigrants in the United States (U.S.) are known for their preference for, and dependence on, co-ethnic doctors due to various barriers to the U.S. healthcare system. Recent immigrants tend to face more barriers than their non-recent counterparts. However, there is little information on how they find their doctors in the U.S. This study includes a self-administrated survey of Korean immigrants aged 18 and above who lived in the New York–New Jersey Metropolitan area in 2013–2014 (n = 440). Descriptive analysis was conducted to understand the most common information sources and the number of sources based on the duration of stay in the U.S. More recent Korean immigrants were female, had no family doctor, uninsured, younger, and more educated than their non-recent counterparts. Regardless of the duration of stay in the U.S., family members and friends were the most frequently sought-after sources for Korean immigrants in their search for doctors. In addition to family members and friends, non-recent Korean immigrants also used other methods (e.g., Korean business directories), whereas recent immigrants used both U.S. and Korean websites. More recent Korean immigrants used multiple sources compared to non-recent Korean immigrants, often combined with a Korean website. Our study suggests policy implications to improve recent immigrants’ accessibility to health information in a timely manner.

BackgroundIn the context of the biggest GP workforce crisis since the NHS began, the alleged negative portrayal of UK general practice in the media is often cited as a reason for falling recruitment.AimTo explore how general practice and GPs are depicted in UK national newspapers.Design and settingA thematic analysis of all newspaper articles mentioning GPs or general practice published in the UK from late October 2016 to early October 2017 was undertaken, along with a sample of articles on hospital medicine.MethodArticles were identified through the LexisNexis® Academic UK search engine; relevant titles were tabulated and data extracted. A preliminary coding scheme was developed through discussion and used to categorise data; additional codes and categories were added iteratively as the analysis progressed.ResultsIn total, 403 articles on general practice or GPs were identified, and 100 on hospital specialists or specialties were sampled. Articles depicted UK general practice as a service in crisis, with low morale and high burnout, and leaving gaps in patient care. The traditional family doctor service was depicted as rapidly eroding through privatisation and fragmentation, with GPs portrayed as responsible for the crisis and the resulting negative impact on quality of care. Hospital specialties were also illustrated as under pressure, but this crisis was depicted as being the fault of the government. GP leaders interviewed in the press were usually defending their specialty; hospital doctors were usually sharing their expertise.ConclusionNewspaper portrayals of general practice are currently very negative. Efforts to influence the media to provide a more balanced perspective of general practice should continue.

Introduction: Principlism, from Tom Beauchamp and James Childress, is the most widely accepted theory in biomedical ethics. It is based on four principles: Beneficence, Non-maleficence, Autonomy and Justice. These are part of a common moral serving general action guides to any clinician, including the Family Doctor. The main purposes of this review are to describe how Principlism can be applied to daily general practice and reflect about how bioethics’ principles can improve the Physician Patient Relationship. Methods: We developed an integrative literature review, including conventions, declarations, treaties, text books and scientific research articles. Three medical databases were selected to search through the medical literature with specific inclusion criteria. From a total of 2352 potential articles, 161 were read and 21 were included in this review. The results were grouped into four categories: Family Medicine and the physician-patient relationship; Respect for autonomy; Non-maleficence and beneficence; and Justice. Results: Family Doctors play their professional role by promoting health, preventing disease and providing cure, care, or palliation. This area may be faced with ethical dilemmas including the moment of obtaining informed consent, medical confidentiality, diseases prevention and also the choice of complementary diagnostic tests and therapeutics. All these moral dilemmas arise in the context of a single interpersonal relationship, which is possibly the most therapeutic aspect of the medical consultation. Conclusions: Despite all the technological innovation, moral conduct and principles governing the profession of Family Doctors remains faithful to the principles of the FM specialty. In a context of a dehumanization threat and global discontent, it is essential to foster a growing humanization of primary health care and recover ethical values, in order to achieve an optimization of physician-patient relationship, to deepen the level of understanding of "patient's needs and values" and finally to meet their expectations.

BackgroundThe NHS is facing a workforce crisis. Responses to date have focused on improving recruitment of staff, but less attention has been paid to retention.AimTo conduct a rapid review using Rosabeth Moss Kanter’s three Ms model of workforce motivation as a sensitising framework to examine the current medical workforce crisis. The work considers how insights from research in other professions offers new thinking for understanding what motivates doctors to continue working.Design & settingRapid literature review with secondary analysis of existing research examining reasons for leaving medicine.MethodA systematic search strategy was developed with the aid of an information specialist. The search terms used were: medical professionals, retention, and NHS. The exclusions were: commentaries, non-medical professionals, non-English language, and it was limited to post-1990. The search was applied to three electronic databases, MEDLINE, Embase, and Healthcare Management Information Consortium (HMIC). This produced a dataset describing study design, and factors related to motivation for leaving the medical profession. Comparative thematic analysis distilled core themes explaining the reasons for leaving and their relation to the three Ms model.ResultsOf 3389 abstracts identified, screening and assessment produced 82 articles included in the final analysis. Thematic analysis identified four key themes: low morale, disconnect, unmanageable change, and lack of personal and professional support. The themes of mastery, membership, and meaning were substantially present within the dataset.ConclusionKanter's three Ms model of motivation can be applied to the medical workforce to understand retention issues. This work supports the development of targeted solutions to tackle the worsening workforce crisis.

Given the access to online health information is no longer a problem, continuous growth in health information seeking has been observed. The goal of the study was to explore the triggers, information needs, contemporary technologies and habits of health information search behavior across the lifespan. The population who seeks online health information has increased stably for two decades (Diaz et al., 2002, Tennant et al., 2015). In addition to its prevalence, online health information plays an important role in patient decision-making. Almost half of people who searched for health information online reported that it influenced the way they think about health factors, and more than one third of them said it influenced their decision to see a doctor, or how they managed chronic conditions (Pew Internet Research, 2013). While earlier studies have explored the triggers of online health information seeking (e.g., Flynn, Smith & Freese, 2006), health information seeking behavior may be evolved with the development of new technologies. To explore the triggers of health information seeking across the lifespan, 69 older (mean age = 63.94, 35 female) and 67 younger (mean age = 35.21, 31 female) adults were recruited to a survey study. We found that there was no age difference in the reliance on health information sources. Physicians and the Internet remained the dominant sources of health information, followed by family, friends and pharmacists. Regarding information seeking habits, there was no age difference in the overall frequencies of online health information search despite the fact that more older adults checked health information online daily. Checking medication information was the dominant reason to trigger both younger and older adults to go online, followed by searching online after doctors’ visits, and making treatment decisions. There was also a trend that older users were more likely to go online when they heard about a new or unknown health information compared to younger users. Further, we explored the information needs of online health information search. While older adults were more likely to search for learning new information than younger adults, more younger adults looked up online health information for confirming or clarifying known health information. Taking advantage of social health information, about one half of younger and older adults shared health information online with their family and friends, and went online for checking review comments of medications, healthcare providers, etc. from their peer patients. Further, while desktop computers remained the most used technology for online health information search, an age difference was found in the usage of tablets and smartphones. Older adults used the tablets to do online health information searches more than younger adults; while younger people used the smart phones to do online health information searches more than older people. Overall, we found increasing importance of online health information for adults across the lifespan, especially for older adults who tended to use online information for acquiring new knowledge about health topics. The triggers of online health information seeking were also not only bounded to doctors’ visits but also related to daily health information needs (such as checking medications). Interestingly, the use of tablets for online health information search among older adults could be associated with the perceived ease of use of tablets among older users (portability, bigger font size and the accessibility of interactions) (Jayroe & Wolfram, 2012). As Pew Internet (2017) suggested that over a third of seniors own tablets, when designing elderly-accessible health websites, tailoring the presentation of health information to different media (including tablets) needs to be considered.

Background:Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as a method of HIV prevention is not without controversy, and there has been concern that it may lead its users to think that they no longer need other preventive measures such as condoms. Thus, healthcare providers are convinced that PrEP decreases condom use and increases sexually transmitted infections (STIs). This treatment has been studied in men who have sex with men, men and women in heterosexual HIV-discordant couples, and heterosexual men and women.Objective:The objective of this study was to review the current state of evidence on the association of PrEP with condom use, the incidence of STIs, and the change in sexual behaviours in populations with risky practices.Materials and Methods:PubMed (National Center for Biotechnology Information, Bethesda, MD, USA), Science Direct (Elsevier Ltd., Oxford, UK), and Google Scholar (Google Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA) search engines were used during the study. We used the terms HIV, PrEP, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), MSM, condom, heterosexual men / women to search the databases.Results:Here, we present evidence that daily oral treatment is safe and effective in these populations studied, especially when medication adherence is high. STI testing should include extra-genital testing regardless of PrEP use to prevent health deficits and onward transmission.Conclusion:Despite this safety and efficacy, we strongly advise that patients continue to use condoms as a prophylactic measure against other sexually transmitted diseases. This update addresses the benefits and precautions that must be taken when establishing PrEP treatment, focusing mainly on family doctorswho are best positioned to provide follow-up and advice to patients and their relatives.

BackgroundOver 150 000 cases of suspected transient ischaemic attack (TIA) are referred to outpatient clinics in England each year. The majority of referrals are made by GPs.AimThis study aimed to identify how many patients referred to a TIA clinic actually have TIA (that is, calculate the positive predictive value [PPV] of first-contact healthcare referral) and to record the alternative diagnoses in patients without TIA, in order to determine the optimal service model for patients with suspected TIA.Design and settingA systematic review of TIA clinic referrals from first-contact health professionals (GPs and emergency department [ED] doctors) was undertaken.MethodFour databases were searched using terms for TIA and diagnostic accuracy. Data on the number of patients referred to a TIA clinic who actually had a TIA (PPVs) were extracted. Frequencies of differential diagnoses were recorded, where reported. Study quality was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool.ResultsNineteen studies were included and reported sufficient information on referrals from GPs and ED doctors to derive PPVs (n = 15 935 referrals). PPVs for TIA ranged from 12.9% to 72.5%. A formal meta-analysis was not conducted due to heterogeneity across studies. Of those not diagnosed with TIA, approximately half of the final diagnoses were of neurological or cardiovascular conditions.ConclusionThis study highlights the variation in prevalence of true vascular events in patients referred to TIA clinics. For patients without a cerebrovascular diagnosis, the high prevalence of conditions that also require specialist investigations and management are an additional burden on a care pathway that is primarily designed to prevent recurrent stroke. Service commissioners need to assess whether the existing outpatient provision is optimal for people with pathologies other than cerebrovascular disease.

Структура та обсяг дипломної роботи Магістерська дисертація складається зі вступу, чотирьох розділів, висновку, переліку посилань з 41 найменувань, 4 додатки, і містить 15 рисунків, 20 таблиць. Повний обсяг магістерської дисертації складає 97 сторінок. Актуальність теми. Медичні інформаційні системи для пошуку лікарів створюються для підвищення ефективності надання медичних послуг. В умовах реформування медичної сфери, громадяни мають обирати сімейних лікарів самостійно. Тож існує необхідність у створені системи, яка би спростила вибір потрібного лікаря відповідно до пріоритетів пацієнтів. Мета дослідження полягає в розробці системи з підбору потенційного сімейного лікаря з використанням багатокритеріальних методів прийняття рішень. Для досягнення поставленої задачі були сформульовані наступні завдання дослідження, що визначили логіку дослідження та його структуру: − провести аналіз сучасних інформаційно-програмних засобів спрощення вибору працівників медичної сфери; − визначити основні вимоги до системи; − розробити інтерфейс додатку; − розробити систему відповідно до основних вимог; − зробити аналіз отриманих результатів. Об’єктом дослідження є інформаційні системи у медичній сфері. Предметом дослідження є вирішення проблеми вибору сімейного лікаря методами прийняття рішень у інформаційно-пошукових системах. Наукова новизна одержаних результатів. Наукова новизна полягає в удосконаленні методу аналізу ієрархій для отримання відносного та багатокритеріального рейтингу лікарів та у підвищенні об’єктивності оцінки лікарів у пошуковій системі за рахунок зменшення впливу суб’єктивних параметрів. Практичне значення одержаних результатів роботи полягає в розробці системи з підбору сімейного лікаря, яка надалі може використовуватись для пошуку та вибору сімейних лікарів. Публікації. Опубліковано статтю: Данііл Цвігун. Інформаційна система з підбору потенційного сімейного лікаря//Наука онлайн: Міжнародний електронний науковий журнал - 2018. - №12
Structure and volume of thesis The master's dissertation consists of an introduction, four sections, a conclusion, a list of references from 41 titles, 4 annexes, and contains 15 figures, 20 tables. The full volume of the master's dissertation is 97 pages. Actuality of theme. Medical information systems for the search of physicians are created to increase the efficiency of provision of medical services. In the context of the reform of the medical sector, citizens should choose their own family doctors. So there is a need for a system that would simplify the choice of the appropriate physician in accordance with the priorities of patients. The purpose of the study is to develop a system for selecting a potential family doctor using multi-criteria decision-making methods. To accomplish the task, the following research objectives were formulated, which determined the logic of the research and its structure: - to carry out an analysis of modern information and software tools for simplifying the selection of medical workers; - identify the basic requirements of the system; - develop the interface of the application; - to develop the system in accordance with the basic requirements; - to analyze the results obtained. The object of research is information systems in the medical field. The subject of the study is solving the problem of choosing a family doctor with methods of decision making in information retrieval systems. Scientific novelty of the obtained results. The scientific novelty is to improve the hierarchy analysis method for obtaining a relative and multi-criteria rating of doctors and to increase the objectivity of evaluating doctors in the search system by reducing the influence of subjective parameters. The practical value of the results of the work is to develop a system for the selection of a family doctor, which can then be used for the search and selection of family doctors. Publications Published article: Daniil Tsvihun. Information system for the potential family doctor selection//Science online: International Scientific e-zine - 2018. - №12.
Структура и объем дипломной работы Магистерская диссертация состоит из введения, четырех глав, заключения, списка ссылок из 41 наименований, 4 приложения, и содержит 15 рисунков, 20 таблиц. Полный объем магистерской диссертации составляет 97 страниц. Актуальность темы. Медицинские информационные системы для поиска врачей создаются для повышения эффективности оказания медицинских услуг. В условиях реформирования медицинской сферы, граждане должны выбирать семейных врачей самостоятельно. Поэтому существует необходимость в создании системы, которая бы упростила выбор нужного врача в соответствии с приоритетами пациентов. Цель исследования заключается в разработке системы по подбору потенциального семейного врача с использованием многокритериальных методов принятия решений. Для достижения поставленной задачи были сформулированы следующие задачи исследования, определили логику исследования и его структуру: - провести анализ современных информационно-программных средств упрощения выбора работников медицинской сферы; - определить основные требования к системе; - разработать интерфейс приложения; - разработать систему в соответствии с основными требованиями; - сделать анализ полученных результатов. Объектом исследования являются системы в медицинской сфере. Предметом исследования является решение проблемы выбора семейного врача методами принятия решений в информационно-поисковых системах. Научная новизна полученных результатов. Научная новизна заключается в усовершенствовании метода анализа иерархий для получения относительного и многокритериального рейтинга врачей и в повышении объективности оценки врачей в поисковой системе за счет уменьшения влияния субъективных параметров. Практическое значение работы заключается в разработке системы по подбору семейного врача, которая в дальнейшем может использоваться для поиска и выбора семейных врачей. Публикации. Опубликована статья: Даниил Цвигун. Інформаційна система з підбору потенційного сімейного лікаря//Наука онлайн: Міжнародний електронний науковий журнал - 2018. - №12.

Through the use of the tropes of intersectionality and transnationalism, this first-ever study of Jules Puech (1879–1957), is a double biography as it makes an intergenerational journey through his life’s work on Flora Tristan (1803–1844), feminist and socialist. Materials from the mid-nineteenth century press found from digitised searches extends knowledge of the advance of Flora Tristan’s political reputation. Its transmission beyond her notoriety as a radical during her lifetime was conveyed by both political activists and scholars. A key feature of the success of Puech is that he considered knowledge of her legacy as a significant ingredient of the nascent labour history of France of which he was part. My work claims that his biography was a major contribution to scholarship. It began when, as a postgraduate student in Paris in the 1900s, he completed his first doctoral thesis on Proudhonian influence on the first internationalist labour movements in France. My book explains the circumstances of how he embarked on the first in-depth biography of Flora Tristan and published it sixteen years later in 1925. By then Puech was unmatched in his knowledge of networks of activists who sustained the memory of early socialists, among them Flora Tristan. An independent scholar with a full-time job he was equally committed elsewhere. He and his suffragist feminist wife Marie-Louise, née Milhau, (1876–1966), also from a Protestant family of the Tarn, worked tirelessly for the pacifist movement, La Paix par le Droit. How his Flora Tristan study was thwarted by the wars of 1914–1918 and 1939–1945 is equally significant. In 1939, he handed both the original Flora Tristan journal and the typed manuscript of his edited Flora Tristan journal Tour de France to the newly established International Institute of Social History in Paris on the understanding that it would publish his work but was powerless to prevent their war-time disappearance. Their eventual recovery in Amsterdam came after his death, too late for him to see the fruition of his cherished project but available for trade-unionist Michel Collinet to publish his annotated edition in 1973, 130 years after Flora Tristan had begun to record her political campaign for a workers’ universal union. The double biography reveals both the multifaceted nature of feminism, socialism and pacifism in activism and the shaping of labour history as an academic subject in France of the first half of the twentieth century.