Дисертації з теми "Facteur de transcription CHOP"
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Loinard, Céline. "Rôle des facteurs de transcription HIF et CHOP-10 dans le processus de néovascularisation post-ischémique." Paris 5, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA05P640.
Повний текст джерелаTherapeutic angiogenesis is viewed as a highly promising strategy to ensure revascularization of ischemic tissues by promoting the growth of new vessels or the maturation of pre-existing ones. First, we investigated whether inhibition of PHD via upregulating HIF might promote post-ischemic neovascularization. PHDs silencing induced a specific and transient downregulation of their respective mRNA and protein levels and as expected upregulated HIF-1a. As a consequence levels of pro-angiogenic and pro-arteriogenic actors were enhanced leading to activation of post-ischemic inflammatory response and neovascularization. Of interest, co-administration of shHIF-1a with shPHD3 abrogated shPHD3-related effects suggesting that activation of HIF-1a-dependent pathways mediated the pro-angiogenic effects of PHD silencing. Inhibition of PHD activated endogenous HIF-a signaling and subsequently promoted post-ischemic neovascularization. Second, we analyzed the role of CHOP-10 in postnatal neovascularization. In skeletal muscle and BM-MNC, CHOP-10 was upregulated by ischemia and diabetes. Neovascularization process was increased in nondiab and diab CHOP-10 KO mice. This effect was associated with a reduction in the number of apoptotic cells and an upregulation of eNOS levels. In line with these results, overexpression of CHOP-10 inhibited basal transcriptional activation of the eNOS promoter. Interestingly, enhanced post-ischemic neovascularization in CHOP-10 KO was fully blunted in CHOP-10/eNOS KO mice. This study identifies CHOP-10 as an important transcription factor modulating vessel formation and maturation
Carrière-Pazat, Audrey. "Les espèces actives de l'oxygène d'origine mitochondriale : un élément clé dans le contrôle du développement du tissu adipeux blanc." Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30003.
Повний текст джерелаMitochondria are the main site of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. When moderately produced, they function as physiological signaling molecules. The present study therefore tested the implication of mitochondrial ROS in the control of white adipose tissue development. Pharmacological manipulations of mitochondrial ROS generation demonstrate that they negatively control preadipocyte proliferation and also their differentiation into adipocytes. Moreover, the transcription factor CHOP-10 is a specific target of mitochondrial ROS and could be responsible for their effects on adipocyte differentiation. This signaling pathway involving mitochondrial ROS and CHOP-10 triggers hypoxia dependent effects on adipocyte differentiation. Taken together, these data demonstrate that mitochondrial ROS should be considered as antiadipogenic signaling molecules
Manuel, Martine. "Recherche des cibles du facteur HSF2 chez la souris." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA077115.
Повний текст джерелаMaurel, Sébastien. "Rôle des protéines de choc thermique dans la régulation du facteur de transcription HIF." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00704624.
Повний текст джерелаSamuel, Alexander. "Étude génomique des fonctions du facteur de transcription Otx2 dans la rétine de souris adulte." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00933785.
Повний текст джерелаLucas, Alexandre. "GADD45 gamma régule la mort des cellules cardiaques et le remodelage post-infarctus du myocarde." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30404.
Повний текст джерелаLeft ventricular post-infarction remodelling is multifactorial and well-known. It is characterized by an electrophysiological change, a fibrosis and a death of the cardiac cells. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and more particularly the activation of p38 MAPK are known to influence its processes and to lead to heart failure (HF). Growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible 45 (GADD45) is able to interact and control p38 MAPK. GADD45 has pleiotropic effects but its role in the heart is little known. According to the literature, GADD45 isoforms are differentially expressed during a cardiomyopathy. Here, we first to identify the GADD45 isoform who upregulated during myocardial infarction (MI) of mouse, GADD45ƴ, then we studied his impact to the acute and late phases of the development of HF after MI. Intravenous injection of an adeno-associated viral (AAV9) vector encoding GADD45 ƴ under the control of cardiac Troponin T (cTnT) promoter. This surexpression, miming the deregulation of GADD45 ƴ during MI, cause an increase in the fibrosis, apoptose and a cardiac dysfonction of these mice leading to HF. Moreover, KO of GADD45 confers resistance to ischaemic injury, in particular by limiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis. We show finally that the mechanisms allowing this protection involves activation of the receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIP1) and caspase 8 by GADD45 ƴ in a p38 MAPK dependant manner. Our works thus shows that GADD45 ƴ accumulation during MI is a significant component in HF development by inducing cardiomyocyte apoptosis in a p38 MAPK dependant manner. This work identify GADD45 ƴ as a potential therapeutic target in the development of HF
Sakakini, Nathalie. "Rôle du facteur de transcription EGR1 dans le contrôle de l' autorenouvellement des cellules souches de glioblastomes." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4071.
Повний текст джерелаGlioblastoma is the most commun and agressive cerebral tumor. The current treatments combine surgery with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However these treatments are poor effective. The relapse is frequent and the rate survival is less than 18 months.The relapse is in part due to the presence of glioblastoma initiating cells (GIC). The cells have stem cell properties. They can self-renew to maintain a pool of tumor cells and they can differentiate in different kind of tumor cells. They are also able to resist to the therapies by activating mechanisms of drug efflux. The commitment of GIC toward a differentiated tumor state decreases strongly their tumorigenic potential.EGR1 transcription factor is involved in many biological processes such as proliferation and differentiation. In the GIC EGR1 expression is abnormally elevated. This level decreases when cells are differentiated. EGR1 expression is strongly correlated with stem state suggesting its contribution in the proliferation regulation of GIC or in the maintenance of this state.My aim is to characterize the role of EGR1 in the regulation of proliferating state of the GIC.We have demonstrated the involvement of EGR1 in the pathway involving the mir18a* and the genes SHH and GLI1. It contributes so to the self-renewal, to the proliferation and to the maintenance of the stem state of GIC. In addition by directly regulating the gene PDGFa EGR1 maintains this system by a second molecular loop
Lakhal, Wassim. "Etude fonctionnelle de trois facteurs de transcription impliqués dans la formation de la paroi secondaire chez le peuplier." Thesis, Orléans, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ORLE2067/document.
Повний текст джерелаPlant R2R3-MYB transcription factors (TF) play an important role in secondary cell wall formation in wood cells, by activating or repressing their target genes within a complex regulatory network. Here, we used genetic engineering and chromatin immunoprecipitation technique, associated to next-generation sequencing (ChIP-SEQ) to determine the function of 3 R2R3-MYB TF in poplar. Plants overexpressing MYB090 had less lignified parenchyma rays. The stem growth and total lignin content were reduced. MYB090 regulates target genes through a highly conserved motif, similar to Gamyb. Its target genes are involved in lignin, cellulose and xylan biosynthesis, which are the major components of secondary cell wall. Poplars overexpressing MYB221-SRDX and MYB156 showed a decrease in fiber cell wall lignification, and a reduced growth. MYB221 have targets encoding for metabolic enzymes but also for another R2R3-MYB TF. MYB221 recognizes its target genes, most probably through SMRE (Secondary wall MYB-Responsive Element) conserved motif. In conclusion, the combination of ChIP-SEQ and genetic engineering approaches shows that MYB090 seems to be a transcriptional repressor of lignification, especially in parenchyma rays. MYB156 and MYB221 are also negative regulators of secondary cell wall lignification, in fibers and parenchyma rays. This work opens new avenues on the building of transcriptional regulatory networks involved in secondary cell wall formation
Masson, Florent Le. "Caractérisation des facteurs HSF1 et HSF2 en tant que facteur maternel et régulateur de la réponse au stress." Toulouse 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU30277.
Повний текст джерелаDuring my PhD, I studied heat shock factors HSFs and their functions during development. My thesis project included two main parts. The first one was aimed to identify HSF1 dependent target genes, and the second part investigated the functions of HSF1 and HSF2 during early development. First, we sought to identify HSF1 target genes by a transcriptome analysis to further characterize its maternal function in mouse oocyte. Among the genes regulated by HSF1, we observed an enrichment of genes involved in the cohesion of homologous chromosomes and sister chromatids and we observed the presence of HSF1 on the promoter of 4 of these genes: Stag2, Stag3, Syce1 and Msh4. Then, we demonstrated that the lower expression of these genes in Hsf1-/- oocytes led to defects in prophase I progression and early segregation of homologous chromosomes at metaphase I. Taken together, these data show that HSF1 helps to coordinate the dynamics of chromosomes during female meiosis in mammals. The second part of my project was about the functions performed by HSF1 and HSF2 during early development. Using several mouse transgenic and knockout lines, we showed that HSF1 and HSF2 play a role in the activation of zygotic Hsp70. 1 and that HSF2 takes part to the heat shock response at the blastocyst stage
Cauchy, Pierre. "Rôle et contexte transcriptionnel du facteur de transcription Ets1 au cours transition CD4- CD8- à CD4+ CD8+ de la tymopoïèse αβ". Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX22135.
Повний текст джерелаETS1 is a specific transcription factor (TF) transposed in acute leukemias. key role of ETS1 wasdescribed during hematopoiesis, especially in T lymphocyte differentiation. Its temporal expression participates in the coordinated control of phase transitions from the CD4-/CD8-double negative (DN) stage to CD4+/CD8+ double positive (DP) up to CD4 or CD8 single positivestage (SP). During ontogenesis T ETS1 notably transactivates the expression of the alpha and beta chains of the T-Cell receptor (TCR). We performed genome-wide screening of ETS1 at both DN and DP stages via ChIP-Seq, as well as histone hallmarks and RNA polymerase II (PolII). To facilitate computational analysis we developed two new software suites, and COCASAmaMineReg, which allow easier identification of targets from raw data and to discriminate between true and false positives. We found 5900 targets in 3400 in DN and DP, mostly intergenic, out of which 2000 are common, and correspond to uncharacterized genes induced bythe immediate response to TCR signaling. Among targets differentially expressed between thetwo stages, Ets1 activates thymus-specific genes and represses non T-specific haematopoietic genes depending on the co-occurrence with the RUNX1 motif. We also very clearly characterized the binding site in native conditions, which proved to be CTTCCT. Furthermore, Ets1 colocalizes with permissive chromatin marks in inter-and intra-genic regions, characterized byincreased GC content, TF binding motifs (TFBS) density as well as inter-species conservation
Fant, Bruno. "Importance du contexte cellulaire et de la régulation spatio-temporelle de l'expression du facteur de transcription Otx2 dans la modulation de ses fonctions." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE4100/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe molecular mechanisms explaining several functions of the homeogene Otx2 during embryonic development are the focus of this work. In a first part the importance of the regulation of its expression in the regionalisation of the central nervous system is studied. At the end of gastrulation the posterior border of Otx2 expression will position the isthmic organizer responsible for the induction of the midbrain and hindbrain. A mouse model was developed where this border is replaced by an ubiquitous expression of the gene. Contrary to the predictions of the current model, the organizer then correctly arises, and is shifted anteriorly. A concentration threshold of Otx2 thus appears necessary to its regionalising function. In a second part the importance of the cellular context in Otx2 function in the adult retina is examined. Otx2 is expressed in both tissues of this organ, the neural retina and RPE. A ChIP-seq analysis performed on both tissues revealed that this homeogene occupies very different sets of binding sites, which suggests distinct functions of the transcription factor. Most Otx2-bound sites in the neural retina were also bound by its paralogue Crx, with which a functional redundancy may therefore exist. A new mouse line finally allowed the study of the complete Otx2 interactome in the neural retina; this analysis showed that Otx2 does not interact with other important transcription factors of this tissue, and that Crx may therefore be the main actor of the Otx family in neural retina function. It also led to the discovery of a series of previously unknown partners of Otx2, which could be associated to new functions of this homeogene
Adelmant, Guillaume. "Étude du répresseur transcriptionnel Rev-erbA[αlpha], un récepteur nucléaire orphelin : étude fonctionnelle de TLS-CHOP, un oncogène spécifique des liposarcomes myxoi͏̈des". Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL10148.
Повний текст джерелаNous montrons que l'expression de tls-chop inhibe fortement la différenciation adipocytaire gouvernée par c/ebp. Nos résultats indiquent que l'expression de tls-chop dans ces cellules est corrélée à la perte de l'induction de ppar2, un récepteur nucléaire impliqué dans les étapes ultérieures de l'adipogenèse, normalement induit par c/ebp. L'expression ectopique de ppar2 dans ces mêmes cellules, permet d'ailleurs de réinitier leur programme de différenciation. Des résultats in vitro suggèrent que l'inactivation fonctionnelle de c/ebp par tls-chop est à l'origine du défaut d'induction de ppar2. Nous proposons que le blocage de la différenciation adipocytaire par tls-chop pourrait être l'un des mécanismes conduisant au développement du phénotype indifférencié des liposarcomes myxoides
Quillé, Marie-Lise. "Identification par ChIP-on-Chip des gènes cibles d’ARX, facteur de transcription impliqué dans le retard mental lié à l’X et les interneuronopathies." Brest, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BRES3203.
Повний текст джерелаMutations in the ARX (Aristaless-related homeobox) gene are responsible for a wide spectrum of disorders extending from phenotypes with severe neuronal migration defects, such as lissencephaly, to milder forms of mental retardation without apparent brain abnormalities but associated features of dystonia and epilepsy. ARX encodes a homeobox transcription factor which is primarily expressed in the developing telencephalon, and particularly in populations of GABAergic neurons during development and in adult brain. Many studies have recently shown the involvement of ARX in several fundamental processes for brain development such as neuroblast proliferation as well as neuronal migration, maturation and differentiation. In order to better characterize the role of ARX and the pathways involved, I performed some ChIP-on-Chip (chromatin immunoprecipitation on DNA microarrays) experiments to identify some 0f its target genes. DNA/protein complexes from either mouse neuroblastoma cells transfected by Arx or embryonic mouse brain were immunoprecipitated using a specific antibody against Arx. DNA was purified, amplified, labelled and simultaneously hybridized with the input chromatin DNA on mouse promoter microarrays. A total of 285 genes in common were obtained. Candidate genes were validated by ChIp/QFM-PCR and quantitative real time RT-PCR. Moreover, transcriptomic studies on cells transfected by Arx vs. Contral were performed to validate the regulation of these candidate genes. The identification of ARX downstream genes should allow a better understanding of the role of this gene during brain development and the pathophysiological mechanisms associated with its mutations
Carriere, Lucie. "Etude de la localisation à grande échelle de la machinerie de transcription de classe III, et de sa relation avec le facteur de transcription TFIIS dans les cellules souches embryonnaires de souris." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00713530.
Повний текст джерелаPolit, Lélia. "Régulation de l’expression génique par le facteur de transcription SPI1/PU.1 dans l’érythroleucémie : mécanismes de répression des gènes par sa liaison à l’ADN, conséquences de sa liaison à l’ARN." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASL064.
Повний текст джерелаSPI1/PU.1 is a transcription factor belonging to the ETS family characterized by a highly conserved DNA binding domain (ETS domain) and a common core binding the 5’-GGAA/T-3’ DNA sequence. SPI1 is a key regulator of haematopoiesis, the regulation of SPI1 expression and function depends on lineage. Deregulation of Spi1 expression or activity contributes to hemopathies; SPI1 behaves as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor according to the hematopoietic lineage. SPI1 has been shown to be oncogenic in Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia, pediatric T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and erythroleukemia. Acute erythroid leukemia is a rare but high-risk leukaemia of poorly understood genetic basis. In the murine erythroid lineage, SPI1 abnormal unrestrained expression leads to acute leukemia, in part by inhibiting erythroid differentiation and apoptosis of erythroid progenitors.SPI1 is a transcription factor that also affects splicing processes. The ways SPI1 activates gene expression are now mostly established. As a pioneering transcription factor, SPI1 is able to bind closed chromatin and then to recruit many epigenetic and/or lineage specific co- or transcriptional factors. In contrast, Spi1 repressive functions on gene expression remain poorly understood. Whether it acts through its ability to bind DNA and/or RNA is not known. My PhD thesis is dedicated to the characterization of the mechanisms by which SPI1 represses gene expression. In particular, I studied how SPI1 represses gene expression in a model of murine erythroleukemia by investigating the role of SPI1 on epigenetic modifications. I also investigated the consequences of SPI1 binding to RNA. Using pre-leukemic cells issued from Spi1 transgenic mice, cells in which spi1 expression can be controlled (overexpressed or down-regulated), I performed an integrated analysis of several high throughput sequencing data sets to characterize epigenetic histone modifications, chromatin accessibility and gene expression. In order to compare histone modification signals from different conditions, we developed an R package, named ChIP-seq Inter-sample Normalization (CHIPIN). The algorithm of CHIPIN is based on the biological assumption that genes with constant expression across conditions have, on average, similar “true” ChIP-seq binding intensities. Using bioinformatic analysis combined with biological experiments, we demonstrate that SPI1 gene repression activity was based on the coordination of two mechanisms that involved and are controlled by histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2). Repressed genes include genes coding for apoptosis and erythroid differentiation. Finally, I studied the landscape of SPI1 binding on RNA using CLIP-seq data and showed that SPI1 binding on RNA was not related to gene expression regulation. Thus, the role of SPI1 when it binds RNA is not fully explain, even if we showed that SPI1 binds mainly in intronic regions on RNA. To sum up, my work highlighted new mechanisms for gene repression regulation by SPI1 in erythroleukemia in cooperation with two epigenetics factors: PRC2 and HDAC1. This work provides new insights in the role of the major hematopoietic regulator SPI1 for gene repression mechanisms. In addition, part of my work was dedicated to develop an R package called CHIPIN allowing for normalization of ChIP-seq signals from several conditions or samples. This method can be also used for ATAC-seq data. The R package is user friendly and can therefore be used by both bioinformaticians and biologists
Klymenko, Oleksiy [Verfasser]. "Regulation and role of the pro-apoptotic transcription factor C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) in type II cells apoptosis and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) / Oleksiy Klymenko." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1105341399/34.
Повний текст джерелаChang, Yunhua. "Implication du facteur de transcription de choc thermique HSF2 dans la méiose et le développement du cerveau : étude de l'inactivation du gène hsf2 chez la souris." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066047.
Повний текст джерелаStrasser, Perrine. "Rôle du facteur de transcription RFX6 dans la différenciation et la fonction des cellules β sécrétrices d'insuline : identification et étude de gènes cibles". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAJ088.
Повний текст джерелаGlucose homeostasis regulation in the body is the main function of insulin secreting beta cells in the endocrine pancreas. The winged-helix transcription factor RFX6 has recently been identified as a new pancreatic endocrine differentiation regulator, downstream of Ngn3,in zebra fish, mouse and human. Moreover, several Rfx6 mutations in humans were discovered and linked to the Mitchell Riley syndrome, which is characterized by neonatal diabetes, intestinal atresia and malabsorption. My thesis consisted of using an approach combining transcriptomic analysis in mouse and the identification of RFX6 target genes in a beta cell line as well as in pancreatic islets. This work has demonstrated the crucial role of RFX6 in maintaining beta cell identity and function. For the first time, RFX6 target genes were identified in vivo as well as the whole repertoire of directly regulated RFX6 target genesin beta cells, which were previously unidentified in the beta cell line. These studies have also shown that Mlxipl is a main RFX6 regulated target gene in mice and human. Overall, this work has allowed the clear identification of RFX6 target genes, thus contributing inunderstanding the role of this crucial transcription factor in the differentiation and function of insulin secreting beta cells
Saito, Renata de Freitas. "Indução de estresse de retículo endoplasmático como estratégia de quimiossensibilização de melanoma." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5155/tde-26082014-085846/.
Повний текст джерелаMelanoma is among the most aggressive malignancies with increasing worldwide incidence and there is no effective treatment for the metastatic disease. The absence of an effective therapy may be due to adaptation and selection of melanoma cells to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. We showed that GADD153, one of the components of the ER stress-mediated apoptosis pathway, was mostly excluded from the nucleus of primary and metastatic melanoma cells compared to nevus cells. These data suggest that the unexpected GADD153 cellular localization could be involved in melanoma cell adaption to ER stress, since GADD153 accumulates in the nucleus during ER stress. Unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling induced in response to ER stress, is a dual process that induces a protective response to restore ER homeostasis or cell death if ER stress is severe or persistent. We investigated if induction of ER stress was a potential strategy to chemosensitize melanoma cells to a second insult by surpassing the adaptive levels to ER stress. We first treated human melanoma cells (SbCl2, SK-MEL-28, Mel85, SK-MEL-29 and SK-MEL-147) with tunicamycin (Tuni), an ER stress inducer, before cisplatin (CDDP) treatment. CDDP is a low cost chemotherapeutic drug currently used in Brazil as a second line for melanoma treatment, especially in youngsters. All cell lines, except SK-MEL-29, demonstrated an >50% increase in the percentage of hypodiploid cells with Tuni>CDDP treatment when compared to CDDP only. The same results were obtained with temozolomide (TMZ), equivalent drug to the active form of dacarbazine, the first line of cytotoxic treatment of melanomas. UPR markers, GRP78 and nuclear translocation of GADD153 were induced by Tuni. Differences between SK-MEL-29 and SK-MEL-147 as cell surface GRP78 and ?1-6 oligossacharides can be related with the differential ER stress sensitization observed in these cells. One of the cellular mechanisms that are regulated by ER stress is autophagy. Accordingly, we observed an increase in the acidic vesicular organelles and accumulation of LC3II in response to Tuni>CDDP treatment. Autophagy inhibition with chloroquine increased Tuni>CDDP induced-cell death, suggesting that autophagy plays a protective role in this response. Oxidative stress can be involved in this scenario since we demonstrated an accumulation of reactive oxygen species in response to Tuni>CDDP. Tunicamycin was cytotoxic in vivo and we investigated alternatives to this antibiotic as swainsonine, atorvastatin, metformin and [Cu2(apyhist)2(dpam)](ClO4)4 but we did not observed ER stress induction. These results indicate that tumor cells could be preconditioned to cell death if exposed to a first ER stressor, such as Tuni, which would compromise an effective adaptive response to a cell death inducer, as CDDP and TMZ. This combined approach may be a promising strategy for melanoma therapy but further studies are necessary to find noncytotoxic alternatives to tunicamycin
El, Fatimy Rachid. "Rôle des facteurs de transcription de choc thermique HSFs dans le développement du cerveau au stade embryonnaire : étude de l'implication du facteur HSF1 et HSF2 dans le syndrome d'alcoolisme foetal (FAS)." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066030.
Повний текст джерелаKloster-Landsberg, Meike. "Spectroscopie à corrélation de fluorescence multi-confocale : développement et application à l'étude de la réponse cellulaire au choc thermique." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENY053/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe cell nucleus is heterogeneous in its structure and activity and many of its components are in dynamic interactions with each other. When investigating the cellular response to an external signal, such as heat shock, standard fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) experiments, which are limited to one observation volume, do only give partial results because of the missing spatial information. This work introduces a novel multi-confocal FCS (mFCS) technique that allows simultaneous FCS measurements in different locations within a cell. It is based on the use of a spatial light modulator (SLM) to create several distinct observation volumes at a time and an electron-multiplying charge coupled device (EMCCD) camera to perform parallel detection. The spatial resolution as well as the sensibility of the mFCS system are close to that of a classical FCS setup and using a special readout mode, a temporal resolution of $14mu s$ is reached. The mFCS technique is applied to study the cellular response to thermal stress by monitoring the transcription factor heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), which is a key regulator of the heat shock response. mFCS experiments in living cells reveal changes in the dynamics of HSF1 upon heat shock. These changes concern the affinity as well as the spatial homogeneity of its interactions with DNA. Additionally, the performance of a CMOS-SPAD camera, consisting of an array of single photon avalanche diodes, is evaluated and the device is tested as an alternative detector for mFCS in living cells
Ribeil, Jean-Antoine. "Hsp70 est un nouveau régulateur majeur de l'érythropoïèse empêchant le clivage du facteur de transcription GATA-1 par la caspase-3 au cours de la différenciation." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00451047.
Повний текст джерелаPéroval, Marylène Yannick. "Etude du développement intracellulaire d'Eimeria tenella : rôle de l'HSP90 parasitaire et modulation de l'apoptose cellulaire." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006VERS0047.
Повний текст джерелаAll over the world, avian coccidiosis is a major cause of economic loss to the poultry industry due to intracellular protozoan parasites from the genus Eimeria. Eimeria tenella development is located in enterocyte of intestinal caeca inside a parasitophorous vacuole. Improvement of knowledge on the first step of development is necessary to fight against coccidiosis. Study of the 90 kDa heat shock protein shows that this protein is essential for invasion and for intracellular parasite growth. This protein is associated to the membrane of the parasitophorous vacuole suggesting an interaction with host cell. We have also shown that the parasite protects the host cell from apoptosis by interfering with the NF-kB signalisation pathway
Castro-Mondragon, Jaime. "Development of bioinformatics methods for the analysis of large collections of transcription factor binding motifs : positional motif enrichment and motif clustering." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0171.
Повний текст джерелаTranscription Factors (TFs) are DNA-binding proteins that control gene expression. TF binding motifs (TFBMs, simply called “motifs”) are usually represented as Position Specific Scoring Matrices (PSSMs), which can be visualized as sequence logos. The advent of high-throughput methods has allowed the detection of thousands of motifs which are usually stored in databases. In this work I developed two novel methods and implemented software tools to handle large collection of motifs in order to extract interpretable information from high-throughput data: (i) matrix-clustering regroups motifs by similarity and offers a dynamic interface; (2) position-scan detects TFBMs with positional preferences relative to a given reference location (e.g. ChIP-seq peaks, transcription start sites). The methods I developed have been evaluated based on control cases, and applied to extract meaningful information from different datasets from Drosophila melanogaster and Homo sapiens. The results show that these methods enable to analyse motifs in high-throughput datasets, and can be integrated in motif analysis workflows
Kloster-landsberg, Meike. "Spectroscopie à corrélation de fluorescence multi-confocale : développement et application à l'étude de la réponse cellulaire au choc thermique." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00770264.
Повний текст джерелаVandekerckhove, Julie. "Mécanismes de régulation de GATA-1 par les protéines de choc Hsp27 et Hsp70 au cours de la différenciation érythroïde terminale." Phd thesis, Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA11T078.
Повний текст джерелаSaad, Chadi. "Caractérisation des erreurs de séquençage non aléatoires : application aux mosaïques et tumeurs hétérogènes." Thesis, Lille 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL2S014/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe advent of Next Generation DNA Sequencing technologies has revolutionized the field of personalized genomics through their resolution and low cost. However, these new technologies are associated with a relatively high error rate, which varies between 0.1% and 1% for second-generation sequencers. This value is problematic when searching for low allelic ratio variants, as observed in the case of heterogeneous tumors. Indeed, such error rate can lead to thousands of false positives. Each region of the studied DNA must therefore be sequenced several times, and the variants are then filtered according to criteria based on their depth. Despite these filters, the number of errors remains significant, showing the limit of conventional approaches and indicating that some sequencing errors are not random.In the context of this thesis, we have developed an exact algorithm for over-represented degenerate DNA motifs discovery on the upstream of non-random sequencing errors and thus potentially linked to their appearance. This algorithm was implemented in a software called DiNAMO, which was tested on sequencing data from IonTorrent and Illumina technologies.The experimental results revealed several motifs, specific to each of these two technologies. We then showed that taking these motifs into account in the analysis reduced significantly the false-positive rate. DiNAMO can therefore be used downstream of each analysis, as an additional filter to improve the identification of variants, especially, variants with low allelic ratio
B'chir, Wafa. "Etude du rôle de la voie eIF2α/ATF4 dans la régulation de l'expression des gènes de l'autophagie lors d'une carence en acides aminés". Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CLF1MM13/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn mammals nutritional deficiencies such as amino acid limitation are an important nutritional stress. To deal with these situations, the body has adaptive processes such as autophagy regulated by multiple signaling pathways. At the cellular level, several signaling pathways are involved in the regulation of these adaptive processes that allow cell survival in different conditions of environmental stress, including amino acid deficiency. In particular, the eIF2α/ATF4 pathways plays a crucial role in the adaptation of these cells to various stresses such as the transcriptional regulation of many specific target genes. The aim of this work was to identify the role of the eIF2α/ATF4 pathway in the stress-regulated transcription of mammalian autophagy genes. Using p62 as a working model, we have shown that the GCN2 eIF2α-kinase and ATF4 and CHOP transcription factors are required to increase transcription of a set of autophagy genes implicated in the formation, elongation and function of the autophagosome. We also identify 3 classes of autophagy genes according to their dependence on ATF4 and CHOP and the binding of these factors to specific promoter cis elements. Furthermore, different combinations of CHOP and ATF4 bindings to target promoters allow the trigger of a differential transcriptional response according to the stress intensity. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that the same mechanism can also be activated by ER stress through PERK eIF2α-kinase activation. We also show that during the first 6h of starvation, CHOP up-regulates a number of autophagy genes while cell viability is not affected. By contrast, when the amino acid starvation is prolonged (16-48h), we demonstrated that CHOP has a dual role in both limiting autophagy and inducing apoptosis through the transcriptional activation of specific target genes. Thus, this work establishes that following amino acid starvation, the eIF2α/ATF4 pathway plays a key role in the cell fate. Depnding on the duration and intensity of the stress, the highly coordinated regulation of these molecular mechanisms sequentially will allow the survival of the cell and subsequently apoptosis
Jangerstad, August. "Transcription factor analysis of longitudinal mRNA expression data." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-278693.
Повний текст джерелаTranscriptionsfaktorer (TFer) är viktiga regulatoriska protein som reglerar transkriptiongenom att binda till cis-regulatoriska element på precisa, menmycketvarierande vis. Komplexiteten i deras regulatoriska mönster gör det svårt attavgöra vilka roller olika TFer har, vilket är en uppgift som fältet fortfarandebrottas med. Experimentella procedurer i detta syfte, till exempel "knockout"experiment, är dock kostsamma och tidskrävande, och med den evigt ökandetillgången på sekvenseringsdata har metoder för att beräkna TFers aktivitetfrån sådan data fått stort intresse. De beräkningsmetoder som finns idag bristerdock på flera punker, vilket erfordrar ett fortsatt sökande efter alternativ. Ett nytt vektyg för att upskatta aktiviteten hos individuella TFer över tidmed hjälp av longitunell mRNA-uttrycksdata utvecklades därför i det här projektetoch testades på data från Mus musculus lever och hjärna. Verktyget ärbaserat på principalkomponentsanalys, som applicerades på set med uttrycksdatafrån gener sannolikt reglerade av en specifik TF för att erhålla en uppskattningav dess aktivitet. Trots att de första testerna för 17 utvalda TFer påvisadeproblem med ospecifika trender i upskattningarna krävs forsatta tester för attkunna ge ett tydligt svar på vilken potential estimatorn har.
Rojas, Andrés. "Le facteur de transcription TFIIA : localisation et interactions." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 1999.
Знайти повний текст джерелаKaida, Ning. "Biological insights of transcription factor through analyzing ChIP-Seq data." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/21733.
Повний текст джерелаNing, Kaida. "Biological insights of transcription factor through analyzing ChIP-Seq data." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/38531.
Повний текст джерелаKibet, Caleb Kipkurui. "Analysis of transcription factor binding specificity using ChIP-seq data." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013131.
Повний текст джерелаAmeur, Adam. "A Bioinformatics Study of Human Transcriptional Regulation." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Centrum för bioinformatik, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-9346.
Повний текст джерелаRojas, Andrés. "Le facteur de transcription TFIIA localisation et interactions." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0021/MQ56964.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSii, Felice Karine. "Régulation par phosphorylation du facteur de transcription MafA." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA077081.
Повний текст джерелаAyadi, Abdelkader. "Etudes in vivo du facteur de transcription net." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000STR13152.
Повний текст джерелаHamard, Pierre Jacques. "Contribution à l'étude du facteur de transcription ATF7." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2005/HAMARD_Pierre_Jacques_2005.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаATF7 proteins, which are members of the b-Zip family of transcription factors, are able to bind ATF/CRE sequences (TGACGTCA) within different early adenoviral or cellular promoters. ATF7 can interact with the family of Jun/Fos oncoproteins and modulate their activities. To get an insight into the transactivation mechanism mediated by ATF7, we analyzed its relations with hsTAFs proteins, which are components of several multiproteic complexes like TFIID. Our results show that transactivation by ATF7 is specifically mediated by hsTAF12, mainly by its 20-kDa isoform. Moreover, ATF7 and hsTAF12 interact in vivo : the integrity of the ATF7 amino-terminal activation domain and of the hsTAF12 "histone-fold" domain is required for this interaction. We show that hsTAF12 mediated transactivation is specifically inhibited by hsTAF4 (its heterodimerization partner within TFIID), and not by hsTAF4b, a tissue-specific hsTAF4 homolog. Ubc9, a protein involved in the SUMOylation pathway, was found among the proteins interacting with ATF7 and modulating its activity. We have identified a consensus SUMOylation site within the N-terminal part of ATF7 and demonstrate that ATF7 is SUMOylated both by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Moreover, our results reveal that the intracellular localization of ATF7 is affected by its SUMOylation : ATF7 is found in the nucleus only in a de-SUMOylated form ; the cytoplasmic SUMOylation of ATF7 likely induces its sequestration at the level of the nuclear pore complexes (NPC). Using immunohistochemistry assays, we observe a colocalization between ATF7 and RanBP2, a protein of the NPC, which is an E3 ligase of the SUMOylation pathway. Accordingly, RanBP2 is able to stimulate ATF7 SUMOylation in vitro. This NPC targeting seems to influence ATF7 transactivation activity as an ATF7 mutant, whose SUMOylation is impaired, is more active than its SUMOylated counterpart. These results correlate with our chromatin-immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiments, which show that the occupancy of a target promoter by ATF7 is highest in the presence of the unSUMOylated protein
Falha, Layal. "Implication du facteur de transcription dans Nkx2.2 gliomagenesis." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20065.
Повний текст джерелаGlioblastoma represent the most common primary brain tumor with an overall survival of less than 2 years. These tumors are highly infiltrative and angiogenic and contain a sub population of cancer stem cells. Nkx2.2 is a homeodomain transcription factor which is implicated in the formation of oligodendrocytes during development. Nkx2.2 is central in tumorogenesis of Ewing'sarcoma. Using QPCR and glioma tissue array, we found that Nkx2.2 is highly expressed in glioblastoma. Nkx2.2 was also detected in 3 glioma stem-like cell cultures (neurospheres) where it is co-expressed with stem cell markers such as CD133 and CD15. It was recently proposed that overexpression of Nkx2.2 could induce terminal oligodendrocytic differentiation of glioma stem-like cell and inhibit tumor formation in xenotransplantation (Cancer Res. 2011 Feb 1;71(3):1135-45).To explore this possibility further, we used retroviruses to overexpress Nkx2.2 in our cell cultures. Surprisingly, we found that Nkx2.2, induce glioma stem cell proliferation and had no oligodendrocyte differentiating effect. Microarray analyses confirmed that Nkx2.2 overexpression had no influence in oligodendrocyte differentiation. This analysis further revealed that Nkx2.2 was able to induce a strong expression of YKL40 protein in the supernatant of glioma stem cells and increase YKL-40 promoter activity. YKL-40 is a secreted glycoprotein which is involved in inflammation, angiogenesis and proliferation and which is often associated with a bad prognosis in several cancers. In addition, we performed orthotopic transplantation to explore the role of Nkx2.2 in gliomagenesis in vivo and found that Nkx2.2 did not reduce the aggressiveness of glioblastoma. In the other part of my thesis we used Taqman low-density arrays (TLDA) and individual miRNA QPCR validation to find the microRNA (miRNA) signature in human glioblastoma cell cultures. Then we investigated the role of miRNA in the 3'UTR of Nkx2.2 transcript. Site directed mutagenesis (SDM) and dual-Luciferase reporter assay results showed that the Nkx2.2 expression is downregulated by mir-133b and mir-202
Pino, Steven C. "Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response Signaling in T Cells: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2008. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/381.
Повний текст джерелаZhu, Cong. "GENE REGULATORY NETWORKS OF AGL15 A PLANT MADS TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR." UKnowledge, 2005. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/446.
Повний текст джерелаChen, Xi. "The DNA-binding specificity of forkhead transcription factors." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-dnabinding-specificity-of-forkhead-transcription-factors(bc02fd29-30d0-47da-9b4f-448687504463).html.
Повний текст джерелаJawhari, Anass. "Etude structure-fonction du facteur de transcription/réparation TFIIH." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2003/JAWHARI_Anass_2003.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаDE, GRAEVE FABIENNE. "Etude de differents partenaires du facteur de transcription atfa." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999STR13089.
Повний текст джерелаLI, XIAOYAN. "Purification et clonage du facteur de transcription nf-y." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STR13017.
Повний текст джерелаRouaud, Florian. "Implication du facteur de transcription E2F1 dans le mélanome." Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4130.
Повний текст джерелаMelanoma is the most deadly form of skin cancer. It originates from malignant transformation of melanocytes and quickly disseminates as metastasis through the body. At this stage, this cancer is refractory to almost all therapies. Thus, new therapeutic target identification is needed for setting up specific biotherapies against melanoma. In this context, we focused on E2F1 transcription factor which plays a critical role in cell cycle. Recently, it was also implicated in several cell functions. So we aimed at characterizing its implication in melanoma. We observed that E2F1 is weakly expressed in normal skin cells. On the contrary, it is strongly expressed in melanoma and its expression correlates with a bad clinical prognosis. We also showed that E2F1 inhibition decreased melanoma cell viability in vitro and in vivo, as a result of cell cycle arrest, senescence and apoptosis. These processes seem to depend on p53 pathway. With this work we characterized E2F1 as a potential therapeutic target in non-mutated p53 melanoma. In parallel, we initiated a collaboration with Dr Slama-Schwok for studying NS1 compound, a NO-synthase inhibitor. This compound presents an in vitro anti-melanoma activity. Indeed, it induces endoplasmic reticulum stress, which leads to partial autophagy and cell death by apoptosis. This work opens new perspectives for metastatic melanoma treatment
Fauveau, Mélissa. "Fonction du facteur de transcription Sox17 dans la myélinisation." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066281.
Повний текст джерелаIn the central nervous system (CNS), myelination is timely regulated by oligodendroglial cell lineage progression. During development, the transition from proliferative/migrating oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) towards myelinating oligodendrocytes occurs through OPC cycle exit and differentiation. The HMG-box transcription factor Sox17 was previously identified as a new regulator of oligodendrocyte development. The expression of Sox17 peaks at the pre-myelinating stage. In vitro gain- and loss-of-function experiments showed that Sox17 promotes OPC cycle exit and differentiation (Sohn et al., 2006). However in vivo, the function of Sox17 in oligodendrocyte development has not been reported. In the present, we generated a transgenic mouse model overexpressing Sox17 in Sox10+ cells, in a doxycycline (DOX)-inducible manner (Tet-ON system). After DOX treatment, gain of Sox17 function was effective in oligodendroglial cells and neural crest derivatives. Interestingly, Sox17-overexpressing mice exhibited severe motor deficits. Our results demonstrated that SOX17 overexpression induces a delay of OPC differentiation, leading to a severe hypomyelination in the developing spinal cord. Furthermore, our analysis of Cnpase-cre;Sox17flox/flox conditional null mice showed that Sox17 is not required for CNS myelination. Remarkably, our data revealed that Sox17 overexpression inhibits PNS myelination, due to defects of radial sorting and inhibition of Schwann cell at the pro-myelinating stage. Altogether, our data provide new insights into stage-specific functions of Sox17 in oligodendroglial cells and identify Sox17 as a potential regulator of Schwann cell development
Ngondo, Richard Patryk. "Caractérisation du potentiel régulateur du facteur de transcription ZNF143." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAJ078.
Повний текст джерелаNumerous data were suggesting that the transcription factor ZNF143 regulates the expression of thousand of genes. However, nothing was known about the genome wide regulatory networks, biological processes and transcriptional mechanisms involving this factor.For my PhD thesis I was interested in exploring the regulatory potential of the ZNF143 transcription factor in human. The goal of my project was to identify all the genomic targets of this factor and functionally characterize this ZNF143-DNA interactome. The results I obtained allowed us to identify more than 3000 genes targeted by ZNF143, mainly involved in biological processes linked to cell proliferation. My work also led us to discover new transcriptional mechanisms involving ZNF143. We demonstrated that the transcription factors ZNF143, THAP11 and Notch1 modulate the expression of a common set f gene via overlapping DNA binding sites. Moreover, we also showed that ZNF143 in essential for the divergent expression of genes from bidirectional promoters and that its expression is regulated through auto-regulatory feedback loop
Humbert, Sandrine. "Etude du facteur tfiih, un facteur implique dans la transcription et la reparation de l'adn." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996STR13052.
Повний текст джерелаGuillemot, Laurent. "Régulation de l'expression du gène de la cycline D1 par l'angiotensine II dans les cellules CHO-AT1A : rôle de la protéine tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA11T025.
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