Дисертації: "Face Analysi"

1

DAGNES, NICOLE. "3D Human Face Analysis for recognition applications and motion capture." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2790163.

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2

OLIVETTI, ELENA CARLOTTA. "When 3D geometrical face analysis meets maxillofacial surgery-a methodology for patients affected by dental malocclusion." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2963954.

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3

Lee, Jinho. "Synthesis and analysis of human faces using multi-view, multi-illumination image ensembles." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1133366279.

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4

Kafetzi, Evi. "L'Ethos dans l'Argumentation : le cas du face à face Sarkozy / Royal 2007." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0053/document.

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En quête d'efficacité et d'influence, tout candidat aux électionsprésidentielles tente de se fabriquer et de donner à voir une image de soi conformeaux attentes des électeurs concernant le profil d'un futur chef d'État. Cette imagede soi séduisante construite à travers le discours, appelée ethos en rhétorique, faitpartie intégrante de l'argumentation au même titre que ses autres composantes, àsavoir le logos et le pathos. Le discours politique, en tant que porteur d'importantsenjeux, est le terrain de construction identitaire par excellence.Ce travail explore les stratégies communicatives dans l'activitéargumentative qu'est le débat politique télévisé. Les données sont constituées parle face à face télévisé du 2 mai 2007 entre Nicolas Sarkozy et Ségolène Royal, àla veille du deuxième tour des élections présidentielles françaises.Je me propose dans ce travail de dégager les règles et les mécanismes surlesquels repose la fabrication d'une image de soi télévisuelle par les praticiens dela persuasion que sont les hommes et les femmes politiques, afin de parvenir àleurs fins. Les outils langagiers dont les deux adversaires se servent lors du dueltélévisé en question ici, pour nous servir une image de soi conforme au modèleprésidentiel « idéal » sont analysés un par un. Ainsi, ayant une meilleureconnaissance des coulisses de la rhétorique audiovisuelle, l'électeur-téléspectateurdevient maître de sa décision et responsable de son choix, et apprend à se méfierdes sentiments et des impressions que lui inspirent les praticiens de la persuasion
In search of effectiveness and influence, every candidate who stands forpresidential elections attempts to create and give to the audience a self-imageconsistent with the elector's expectations concerning a future head of state'sprofile. This attractive self-image created through discourse, called ethos inrhetoric, is an integral part of argumentation, as well as its other components,logos and pathos. Political discourse, as a vector of important stakes, constitutesthe ground of identity construction par excellence.This work explores communication strategies in argumentation activity,and particularly in televised political debate. The data is constituted by thetelevised face to face of the 2nd of May 2007 between Nicolas Sarkozy andSégolène Royal, at the eve of the second ballot of the French presidentialelection.What I propose in this work is to draw up the rules and mechanisms thatgovern the making of one's televised self-image by politicians, spin doctors, inorder to achieve their ends. I propose to analyse, one by one, the linguistic toolsthat the two opponents use in order to give the audience a self-image consistentwith an ideal presidential model, during the televised duel that we're studyinghere. In this way, having a better knowledge of what goes on behind the scenesof audiovisual rhetoric, the elector-televiewer becomes master of his decisionand has the control of his choice and learns to beware of feelings andimpressions inspired by the professionals of persuasion

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5

Bordei, Cristina. "Face analysis using polynomials." Thesis, Poitiers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016POIT2259/document.

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Considéré comme l'un des sujets de recherche les plus actifs et visibles de la vision par ordinateur, de la reconnaissance des formes et de la biométrie, l'analyse faciale a fait l'objet d'études approfondies au cours des deux dernières décennies. Le travail de cette thèse a pour objectif de proposer de nouvelles techniques d'utilisation de représentations de texture basées polynômes pour l'analyse faciale.La première partie de cette thèse est dédiée à l'intégration de bases de polynômes dans les modèles actifs d'apparence. Nous proposons premièrement une manière d'utiliser les coefficients polynomiaux dans la modélisation de l'apparence. Ensuite, afin de réduire la complexité du modèle nous proposons de choisir et d'utiliser les meilleurs coefficients en tant que représentation de texture. Enfin, nous montrons comment ces derniers peuvent être utilisés dans un algorithme de descente de gradient.La deuxième partie de la thèse porte sur l'utilisation des bases polynomiales pour la détection des points/zones d'intérêt et comme descripteur pour la reconnaissance des expressions faciales. Inspirés par des techniques de détection des singularités dans des champ de vecteurs, nous commençons par présenter un algorithme utilisé pour l'extraction des points d'intérêt dans une image. Puis nous montrons comment les bases polynomiales peuvent être utilisées pour extraire des informations sur les expressions faciales. Puisque les coefficients polynomiaux fournissent une analyse précise multi-échelles et multi-orientation et traitent le problème de redondance efficacement ils sont utilisés en tant que descripteurs dans un algorithme de classification d'expression faciale
As one of the most active and visible research topic in computer vision, pattern recognition and biometries, facial analysis has been extensively studied in the past two decades. The work in this thesis presents novel techniques to use polynomial basis texture representations for facial analysis. The first part of this thesis, is dedicated to the integration of polynomial bases in the Active Appearance Models - a set of statistical tools that proved to be very efficient in modeling faces. First we propose a way to use the coefficients obtained after polynomial projections in the appearance modeling. Then, in order to reduce model complexity we proposed to select and use as a texture representation the strongest polynomial coefficients. Finally we show how in addition to the texture representation polynomial coefficients can be used in a gradient descent algorithm since polynomial decomposition is equivalent to a filter bank.The second part of the thesis concems the use of the polynomial bases for interesting points and areas detection and as a descriptor for facial expression recognition. We start by presenting an algorithm used for accurate image keypoints localization inspired by techniques of singularities detection in a vector field. Our approach consists in two major steps: the calculation of an image vector field of normals and the keypoint selection within the field both presented in a multi-scale multi resolution scheme. Finally we show how polynomial bases can be used to extract informations about facial expressions. Polynomial coefficients are used as descriptors in an facial expression classification algorithm

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6

Patrick, William Charles. "Investigation, Analysis, and Modeling of Longwall Face-to-Face Transfers." Diss., This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06092008-112841/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1993.
Vita. Abstract. Attached pocket for diagrams. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 155-162). Also available via the Internet.

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7

Al-Dahoud, Ahmad. "The computational face for facial emotion analysis: Computer based emotion analysis from the face." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17384.

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Facial expressions are considered to be the most revealing way of understanding the human psychological state during face-to-face communication. It is believed that a more natural interaction between humans and machines can be undertaken through the detailed understanding of the different facial expressions which imitate the manner by which humans communicate with each other. In this research, we study the different aspects of facial emotion detection, analysis and investigate possible hidden identity clues within the facial expressions. We study a deeper aspect of facial expressions whereby we try to identify gender and human identity - which can be considered as a form of emotional biometric - using only the dynamic characteristics of the smile expressions. Further, we present a statistical model for analysing the relationship between facial features and Duchenne (real) and non-Duchenne (posed) smiles. Thus, we identify that the expressions in the eyes contain discriminating features between Duchenne and non-Duchenne smiles. Our results indicate that facial expressions can be identified through facial movement analysis models where we get an accuracy rate of 86% for classifying the six universal facial expressions and 94% for classifying the common 18 facial action units. Further, we successfully identify the gender using only the dynamic characteristics of the smile expression whereby we obtain an 86% classification rate. Likewise, we present a framework to study the possibility of using the smile as a biometric whereby we show that the human smile is unique and stable.
Al-Zaytoonah University

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8

Buchala, Samarasena. "Computational analysis of face images." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.431938.

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9

Amin, Syed Hassan. "Analysis of 3D face reconstruction." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/6163.

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This thesis investigates the long standing problem of 3D reconstruction from a single 2D face image. Face reconstruction from a single 2D face image is an ill posed problem involving estimation of the intrinsic and the extrinsic camera parameters, light parameters, shape parameters and the texture parameters. The proposed approach has many potential applications in the law enforcement, surveillance, medicine, computer games and the entertainment industries. This problem is addressed using an analysis by synthesis framework by reconstructing a 3D face model from identity photographs. The identity photographs are a widely used medium for face identi cation and can be found on identity cards and passports. The novel contribution of this thesis is a new technique for creating 3D face models from a single 2D face image. The proposed method uses the improved dense 3D correspondence obtained using rigid and non-rigid registration techniques. The existing reconstruction methods use the optical ow method for establishing 3D correspondence. The resulting 3D face database is used to create a statistical shape model. The existing reconstruction algorithms recover shape by optimizing over all the parameters simultaneously. The proposed algorithm simplifies the reconstruction problem by using a step wise approach thus reducing the dimension of the parameter space and simplifying the opti- mization problem. In the alignment step, a generic 3D face is aligned with the given 2D face image by using anatomical landmarks. The texture is then warped onto the 3D model by using the spatial alignment obtained previously. The 3D shape is then recovered by optimizing over the shape parameters while matching a texture mapped model to the target image. There are a number of advantages of this approach. Firstly, it simpli es the optimization requirements and makes the optimization more robust. Second, there is no need to accurately recover the illumination parameters. Thirdly, there is no need for recovering the texture parameters by using a texture synthesis approach. Fourthly, quantitative analysis is used for improving the quality of reconstruction by improving the cost function. Previous methods use qualitative methods such as visual analysis, and face recognition rates for evaluating reconstruction accuracy. The improvement in the performance of the cost function occurs as a result of improvement in the feature space comprising the landmark and intensity features. Previously, the feature space has not been evaluated with respect to reconstruction accuracy thus leading to inaccurate assumptions about its behaviour. The proposed approach simpli es the reconstruction problem by using only identity images, rather than placing eff ort on overcoming the pose, illumination and expression (PIE) variations. This makes sense, as frontal face images under standard illumination conditions are widely available and could be utilized for accurate reconstruction. The reconstructed 3D models with texture can then be used for overcoming the PIE variations.

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10

Wang, Wei. "Human Face and Behavior Analysis." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/367945.

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Human face and behavior analysis are very important research topics in the field of computer vision and they have broad applications in our everyday life. For instance, face alignment, face aging, face expression analysis and action recognition have been well studied and applied for security and entertainment. With these face analyzing techniques (e.g., face aging), we could enhance the performance of cross-age face verification system which now has been used for banks and electronic devices to recognize their clients. With the help of action recognition system, we could better summarize the user uploaded videos or generate logs for surveillance videos. This could help us retrieve the videos more accurately and easily. The dictionary learning and neural networks are powerful machine learning models for these research tasks. Initially, we focus on the multi-view action recognition task. First, a class-wise dictionary is pre-trained which encourages the sparse representations of the between-class videos from different views to lie close by. Next, we integrate the classifiers and the dictionary learning model into a unified model to learn the dictionary and classifiers jointly. For face alignment, we frame the standard cascaded face alignment problem as a recurrent process by using a recurrent neural network. Importantly, by combining a convolutional neural network with a recurrent one we alleviate hand-crafted features to learn task-specific features. For human face aging task, it takes as input a single image and automatically outputs a series of aged faces. Since human face aging is a smooth progression, it is more appropriate to age the face by going through smooth transitional states. In this way, the intermediate aged faces between the age groups can be generated. Towards this target, we employ a recurrent neural network. The hidden units in the RFA are connected autoregressively allowing the framework to age the person by referring to the previous aged faces. For smile video generation, one person may smile in different ways (e.g., closing/opening the eyes or mouth). This is a one-to-many image-to-video generation problem, and we introduce a deep neural architecture named conditional multi-mode network (CMM-Net) to approach it. A multi-mode recurrent generator is trained to induce diversity and generate K different sequences of video frames.

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11

Wang, Wei. "Human Face and Behavior Analysis." Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2018. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/2925/1/phd_thesis.pdf.

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Human face and behavior analysis are very important research topics in the field of computer vision and they have broad applications in our everyday life. For instance, face alignment, face aging, face expression analysis and action recognition have been well studied and applied for security and entertainment. With these face analyzing techniques (e.g., face aging), we could enhance the performance of cross-age face verification system which now has been used for banks and electronic devices to recognize their clients. With the help of action recognition system, we could better summarize the user uploaded videos or generate logs for surveillance videos. This could help us retrieve the videos more accurately and easily. The dictionary learning and neural networks are powerful machine learning models for these research tasks. Initially, we focus on the multi-view action recognition task. First, a class-wise dictionary is pre-trained which encourages the sparse representations of the between-class videos from different views to lie close by. Next, we integrate the classifiers and the dictionary learning model into a unified model to learn the dictionary and classifiers jointly. For face alignment, we frame the standard cascaded face alignment problem as a recurrent process by using a recurrent neural network. Importantly, by combining a convolutional neural network with a recurrent one we alleviate hand-crafted features to learn task-specific features. For human face aging task, it takes as input a single image and automatically outputs a series of aged faces. Since human face aging is a smooth progression, it is more appropriate to age the face by going through smooth transitional states. In this way, the intermediate aged faces between the age groups can be generated. Towards this target, we employ a recurrent neural network. The hidden units in the RFA are connected autoregressively allowing the framework to age the person by referring to the previous aged faces. For smile video generation, one person may smile in different ways (e.g., closing/opening the eyes or mouth). This is a one-to-many image-to-video generation problem, and we introduce a deep neural architecture named conditional multi-mode network (CMM-Net) to approach it. A multi-mode recurrent generator is trained to induce diversity and generate K different sequences of video frames.

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12

Wei, Xiaozhou. "3D facial expression modeling and analysis with topographic information." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2008.

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13

Mahmood, Muhammad Tariq. "Face Detection by Image Discriminating." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för för interaktion och systemdesign, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-4352.

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Human face recognition systems have gained a considerable attention during last few years. There are very many applications with respect to security, sensitivity and secrecy. Face detection is the most important and first step of recognition system. Human face is non rigid and has very many variations regarding image conditions, size, resolution, poses and rotation. Its accurate and robust detection has been a challenge for the researcher. A number of methods and techniques are proposed but due to a huge number of variations no one technique is much successful for all kinds of faces and images. Some methods are exhibiting good results in certain conditions and others are good with different kinds of images. Image discriminating techniques are widely used for pattern and image analysis. Common discriminating methods are discussed.
SIPL, Mechatronics, GIST 1 Oryong-Dong, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 500-712 South Korea tel. 0082-62-970-2997

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14

Mahdhaoui, Ammar. "Analyse de Signaux Sociaux pour la Modélisation de l'interaction face à face." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00587051.

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Cette thèse se situe à la frontière des domaines de la reconnaissance de signaux émotionnels et de l'analyse de l'interaction sociale. Dans un premier temps, nous avons étudié une émotion non prototypique, appelée motherese, qui joue un rôle important dans l'interaction parent-enfant. Afin d'étudier cette émotion, nous avons développé un système de détection automatique des émotions basé d'abord sur l'apprentissage supervisé. Ensuite pour pallier au manque de données étiquetées, nous avons développé une approche semi-supervisée permettant une meilleure qualité de classification avec un coût inférieur. Cette approche permet de combiner des exemples étiquetés et non étiquetés pour l'apprentissage. Le système proposé est une extension de l'algorithme de co-apprentissage. Cette approche est dite multi-vue car elle consiste à combiner différentes vues (descripteur+classifieur) afin d'obtenir une prédiction unique par exemple de test. Au-delà de la reconnaissance de signaux émotionnels, il s'agit de structurer et d'interpréter les différents signaux de communication dans un contexte d'interaction face à face. Nous avons proposé un modèle computationnel de l'interaction parent-enfant. Il consiste à modéliser les réponses des enfants par rapport aux stimulations des parents. Nous avons proposé ainsi des analyses quantitative et statistique afin d'étudier l'interdépendance des signaux d'interaction et les comportements humains, en particulier le rôle de motherese pour l'engagement de l'interaction parent-enfant. Enfin, dans le but d'identifier les groupes de comportements les plus pertinents, nous avons développé une technique de regroupement automatique de signaux qui permet d'extraire les différents patterns interactifs. Cette extraction de comportements interactifs permet de discriminer différents groupes: enfants avec développement typique, autistique et avec retard mental.

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15

Lee, Colin K. "Infrared face recognition." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Jun%5FLee%5FColin.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Electrical Engineering)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2004.
Thesis advisor(s): Monique P. Fargues, Gamani Karunasiri. Includes bibliographical references (p. 135-136). Also available online.

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16

Wang, Jing. "Reconstruction and Analysis of 3D Individualized Facial Expressions." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32588.

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This thesis proposes a new way to analyze facial expressions through 3D scanned faces of real-life people. The expression analysis is based on learning the facial motion vectors that are the differences between a neutral face and a face with an expression. There are several expression analysis based on real-life face database such as 2D image-based Cohn-Kanade AU-Coded Facial Expression Database and Binghamton University 3D Facial Expression Database. To handle large pose variations and increase the general understanding of facial behavior, 2D image-based expression database is not enough. The Binghamton University 3D Facial Expression Database is mainly used for facial expression recognition and it is difficult to compare, resolve, and extend the problems related detailed 3D facial expression analysis. Our work aims to find a new and an intuitively way of visualizing the detailed point by point movements of 3D face model for a facial expression. In our work, we have created our own 3D facial expression database on a detailed level, which each expression model has been processed to have the same structure to compare differences between different people for a given expression. The first step is to obtain same structured but individually shaped face models. All the head models are recreated by deforming a generic model to adapt a laser-scanned individualized face shape in both coarse level and fine level. We repeat this recreation method on different human subjects to establish a database. The second step is expression cloning. The motion vectors are obtained by subtracting two head models with/without expression. The extracted facial motion vectors are applied onto a different human subject’s neutral face. Facial expression cloning is proved to be robust and fast as well as easy to use. The last step is about analyzing the facial motion vectors obtained from the second step. First we transferred several human subjects’ expressions on a single human neutral face. Then the analysis is done to compare different expression pairs in two main regions: the whole face surface analysis and facial muscle analysis. Through our work where smiling has been chosen for the experiment, we find our approach to analysis through face scanning a good way to visualize how differently people move their facial muscles for the same expression. People smile in a similar manner moving their mouths and cheeks in similar orientations, but each person shows her/his own unique way of moving. The difference between individual smiles is the differences of movements they make.

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17

Pan, Qiujing. "Deterministic and Probabilistic Assessment of Tunnel Face Stability." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAI044.

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The main work for Qiujing PAN’s PhD thesis is to develop the stability analysis for underground structures, which contains two parts, deterministic model and probabilistic analysis. During his 1st year of PhD research, he has mainly finished the deterministic model study. In the 2nd year, I developed a probabilistic model for high dimensional problems
In the contemporary society, the utilization and exploitation of underground space has become an inevitable and necessary measure to solve the current urban congestion. One of the most important requirements for successful design and construction in tunnels and underground engineering is to maintain the stability of the surrounding soils of the engineering. But the stability analysis requires engineers to have a clear ideal of the earth pressure, the pore water pressure, the seismic effects and the soil variability. Therefore, the research aimed at employing an available theory to design tunnels and underground structures which would be a hot issue with high engineering significance. Among these approaches employed to address the above problem, limit analysis is a powerful tool to perform the stability analysis and has been widely used for real geotechnical works. This research subject will undertake further research on the application of upper bound theorem to the stability analysis of tunnels and underground engineering. Then this approach will be compared with three dimensional analysis and experimental available data. The final goal is to validate new simplified mechanisms using limit analysis to design the collapse and blow-out pressure at the tunnel face. These deterministic models will then be used in a probabilistic framework. The Collocation-based Stochastic Response Surface Methodology will be used, and generalized in order to make possible at a limited computational cost a complete parametric study on the probabilistic properties of the input variables. The uncertainty propagation through the models of stability and ground movements will be evaluated, and some methods of reliability-based design will be proposed. The spatial variability of the soil will be taken into account using the random field theory, and applied to the tunnel face collapse. This model will be developed in order to take into account this variability for much smaller computation times than numerical models, will be validated numerically and submitted to extensive random samplings. The effect of the spatial variability will be evaluated

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18

Liu, Feng. "Face Gear Design and Compliance Analysis." The Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1392373365.

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19

Alfonso, Miñambres Javier de. "Face recognition using principal component analysis." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/10221.

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Mestrado em Engenharia Electrónica e Telecomunicações
The purpose of this dissertation was to analyze the image processing method known as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and its performance when applied to face recognition. This algorithm spans a subspace (called facespace) where the faces in a database are represented with a reduced number of features (called feature vectors). The study focused on performing various exhaustive tests to analyze in what conditions it is best to apply PCA. First, a facespace was spanned using the images of all the people in the database. We obtained then a new representation of each image by projecting them onto this facespace. We measured the distance between the projected test image with the other projections and determined that the closest test-train couple (k-Nearest Neighbour) was the recognized subject. This first way of applying PCA was tested with the Leave{One{Out test. This test takes an image in the database for test and the rest to build the facespace, and repeats the process until all the images have been used as test image once, adding up the successful recognitions as a result. The second test was to perform an 8{Fold Cross{Validation, which takes ten images as eligible test images (there are 10 persons in the database with eight images each) and uses the rest to build the facespace. All test images are tested for recognition in this fold, and the next fold is carried out, until all eight folds are complete, showing a different set of results. The other way to use PCA we used was to span what we call Single Person Facespaces (SPFs, a group of subspaces, each spanned with images of a single person) and measure subspace distance using the theory of principal angles. Since the database is small, a way to synthesize images from the existing ones was explored as a way to overcoming low successful recognition rates. All of these tests were performed for a series of thresholds (a variable which selected the number of feature vectors the facespaces were built with, i.e. the facespaces' dimension), and for the database after being preprocessed in two different ways in order to reduce statistically redundant information. The results obtained throughout the tests were within what expected from what can be read in literature: success rates of around 85% in some cases. Special mention needs to be made on the great result improvement between SPFs before and after extending the database with synthetic images. The results revealed that using PCA to project the images in the group facespace is very accurate for face recognition, even when having a small number of samples per subject. Comparing personal facespaces is more effective when we can synthesize images or have a natural way of acquiring new images of the subject, like for example using video footage. The tests and results were obtained with a custom software with user interface, designed and programmed by the author of this dissertation.
O propósito desta Dissertação foi a aplicação da Analise em Componentes Principais (PCA, de acordo com as siglas em inglês), em sistemas para reconhecimento de faces. Esta técnica permite calcular um subespaço (chamado facespace, onde as imagens de uma base de dados são representadas por um número reduzido de características (chamadas feature vectors). O estudo realizado centrou-se em vários testes para analisar quais são as condições óptimas para aplicar o PCA. Para começar, gerou-se um faces- pace utilizando todas as imagens da base de dados. Obtivemos uma nova representação de cada imagem, após a projecção neste espaço, e foram medidas as distâncias entre as projecções da imagem de teste e as de treino. A dupla de imagens de teste-treino mais próximas determina o sujeito reconhecido (classificador vizinhos mais próximos). Esta primeira forma de aplicar o PCA, e o respectivo classificador, foi avaliada com as estratégias Leave{One{Out e 8{Fold Cross{Validation. A outra forma de utilizar o PCA foi gerando subespaços individuais (designada por SPF, Single Person Facespace), onde cada subespaço era gerado com imagens de apenas uma pessoa, para a seguir medir a distância entre estes espaços utilizando o conceito de ângulos principais. Como a base de dados era pequena, foi explorada uma forma de sintetizar novas imagens a partir das já existentes. Todos estes teste foram feitos para uma série de limiares (uma variável threshold que determinam o número de feature vectors com os que o faces- pace é construído) e diferentes formas de pre-processamento. Os resultados obtidos estavam dentro do esperado: taxas de acerto aproximadamente iguais a 85% em alguns casos. Pode destacar-se uma grande melhoria na taxa de reconhecimento após a inclusão de imagens sintéticas na base de dados. Os resultados revelaram que o uso do PCA para projectar imagens no subespaço da base de dados _e viável em sistemas de reconhecimento de faces, principalmente se comparar subespaço individuais no caso de base de dados com poucos exemplares em que _e possível sintetizar imagens ou em sistemas com captura de vídeo.

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20

Hu, Guosheng. "Face analysis using 3D morphable models." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2015. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/808011/.

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Face analysis aims to extract valuable information from facial images. One effective approach for face analysis is the analysis by synthesis. Accordingly, a new face image synthesised by inferring semantic knowledge from input images. To perform analysis by synthesis, a genera- tive model, which parameterises the sources of facial variations, is needed. A 3D Morphable Model (3DMM) is commonly used for this purpose. 3DMMs have been widely used for face analysis because the intrinsic properties of 3D faces provide an ideal representation that is immune to intra-personal variations such as pose and illumination. Given a single facial input image, a 3DMM can recover 3D face (shape and texture) and scene properties (pose and illumination) via a fitting process. However, fitting the model to the input image remains a challenging problem. One contribution of this thesis is a novel fitting method: Efficient Stepwise Optimisation (ESO). ESO optimises sequentially all the parameters (pose, shape, light direction, light strength and texture parameters) in separate steps. A perspective camera and Phong reflectance model are used to model the geometric projection and illumination respectively. Linear methods that are adapted to camera and illumination models are proposed. This generates closed-form solu- tions for these parameters, leading to an accurate and efficient fitting. Another contribution is an albedo based 3D morphable model (AB3DMM). One difficulty of 3DMM fitting is to recover the illumination of the 2D image because the proportion of the albedo and shading contributions in a pixel intensity is ambiguous. Unlike traditional methods, the AB3DMM removes the illumination component from the input image using illumination normalisation methods in a preprocessing step. This image can then be used as input to the AB3DMM fitting that does not need to handle the lighting parameters. Thus, the fitting of the AB3DMM becomes easier and more accurate. Based on AB3DMM and ESO, this study proposes a fully automatic face recognition (AFR) system. Unlike the existing 3DMM methods which assume the facial landmarks are known, our AFR automatically detects the landmarks that are used to initialise our fitting algorithms. Our AFR supports two types of feature extraction: holistic and local features. Experimental results show our AFR outperforms state-of-the-art face recognition methods.

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21

Huang, Jian. "Discriminant analysis algorithms for face recognition." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2006. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/655.

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22

Zhao, Shuyan. "Face analysis under near infrared illumination." Göttingen Cuvillier, 2008. http://d-nb.info/990811492/04.

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23

Rana, Santu. "Multilinear analysis of face image ensembles." Thesis, Curtin University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1662.

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Machine based face recognition is an important area of research that has attracted significant attention over the past few decades. Recently, multilinear models of face images have gained prominence as an alternative method for face recognition. Against linear techniques, multilinear models offer the advantage of having more complex models. Against kernel and manifold based non-linear techniques, the advantage lies in having more intuitive and computationally frugal modelling. In this thesis, we present an in-depth analysis and understanding of different properties associated with multilinear analysis and propose three different face recognition algorithms and a unified framework addressing open issues in face recognition.We first propose a face recognition algorithm primarily to address the limitations of the existing multilinear based algorithms in the form of their inability to handle test images that are in unseen conditions. The algorithm is based on the construction of a new representational basis multilinear eigenmodes, enabling representation and classification of faces at unseen conditions. Subsequently, we propose a second algorithm to address the high computational complexity of the first algorithm. We define a set of person-specific bases to represent person-specific images under all variations, and based on this propose an efficient recognition algorithm. Next, we propose a framework of face recognition based on an interpretation of the multilinear analysis as a factor analysis paradigm. We the reformulate all the multilinear based algorithms to link them to a single optimization framework. A theoretical comparison of these algorithms is performed revealing the fundamental differences between them and their applicability in different face recognition scenarios. Experiments performed to compare multilinear analysis based methods to the leading linear and non-linear techniques reveal the superiority of our second algorithm on both measures of recognition accuracy and test speed.Next, we address the issue of inadequate training samples that arise in many application scenarios. We introduce a novel “friendly-hostile” paradigm, in which we propose a mechanism to compensate for the low number of training samples of hostile people by learning the structure of face images from a large training set of the friendly people. The formulation is built on a novel synthesis paradigm that is based on the unique factorization properties of the multilinear analysis. Experimental results show significant performance gain in comparison to the conventional methods. We also discuss issues concerning unbalanced datasets, wherein some people may be under-represented than others in the training set. This results in different apriori bias per class, affecting conventional recognition algorithms. Based on theory and experiments we demonstrate that our algorithm does not get affected by any such imbalance in bias and produces consistent performance in all situations.

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24

Cheng, Xin. "Nonrigid face alignment for unknown subject in video." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2013. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/65338/1/Xin_Cheng_Thesis.pdf.

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Non-rigid face alignment is a very important task in a large range of applications but the existing tracking based non-rigid face alignment methods are either inaccurate or requiring person-specific model. This dissertation has developed simultaneous alignment algorithms that overcome these constraints and provide alignment with high accuracy, efficiency, robustness to varying image condition, and requirement of only generic model.

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Pillet-Shore, Danielle Marguerite. "Coming together creating and maintaining social relationships through the openings of face-to-face interactions /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1619144141&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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26

Bartlett, Marian Stewart. "Face image analysis by unsupervised learning and redundancy reduction /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9907603.

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Olausson, Erik. "Face Recognition for Mobile Phone Applications." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-11850.

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Att applicera ansiktsigenkänning direkt på en mobiltelefon är en utmanande uppgift, inte minst med tanke på den begränsade minnes- och processorkapaciteten samt den stora variationen med avseende på ansiktsuttryck, hållning och ljusförhållande i inmatade bilder.

Det är fortfarande långt kvar till ett färdigutvecklat, robust och helautomatiskt ansiktsigenkänningssystem för den här miljön. Men resultaten i det här arbetet visar att genom att plocka ut feature-värden från lokala regioner samt applicera en välgjord warpstrategi för att minska problemen med variationer i position och rotation av huvudet, är det möjligt att uppnå rimliga och användbara igenkänningsnivåer. Speciellt för ett halvautomatiskt system där användaren har sista ordet om vem personen på bilden faktiskt är.

Med ett galleri bestående av 85 personer och endast en referensbild per person nådde systemet en igenkänningsgrad på 60% på en svårklassificerad serie testbilder. Totalt 73% av gångerna var den rätta individen inom de fyra främsta gissningarna.

Att lägga till extra referensbilder till galleriet höjer igenkänningsgraden rejält, till nästan 75% för helt korrekta gissningar och till 83,5% för topp fyra. Detta visar att en strategi där inmatade bilder läggs till som referensbilder i galleriet efterhand som de identifieras skulle löna sig ordentligt och göra systemet bättre efter hand likt en inlärningsprocess.

Detta exjobb belönades med pris för "Bästa industrirelevanta bidrag" vid Svenska sällskapet för automatiserad bildanalys årliga konferens i Lund, 13-14 mars 2008.

Applying face recognition directly on a mobile phone is a challenging proposal due to the unrestrained nature of input images and limitations in memory and processor capabilities.

A robust, fully automatic recognition system for this environment is still a far way off. However, results show that using local feature extraction and a warping scheme to reduce pose variation problems, it is possible to capitalize on high error tolerance and reach reasonable recognition rates, especially for a semi-automatic classification system where the user has the final say.

With a gallery of 85 individuals and only one gallery image per individual available the system is able to recognize close to 60 % of the faces in a very challenging test set, while the correct individual is in the top four guesses 73% of the time.

Adding extra reference images boosts performance to nearly 75% correct recognition and 83.5% in the top four guesses. This suggests a strategy where extra reference images are added one by one after correct classification, mimicking an online learning strategy.

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Marra, Anton. "Disagreement in business negotiations : A qualitative study of BELF usage in face-to-face business negotiations." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-133218.

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Knowledge of successful Business English as a lingua franca (BELF) has been recognized to be an essential element in overall business know-how (Kankaanranta & Louhiala-Salminen, 2010). In line with this notion, research has found that professionals use BELF and exploit a variety of discourse and pragmatic strategies that aid the process of cooperation and agreement so that mutual understanding can be reached (Firth, 1996; Kankaanranta & Planken, 2010; Pitzl, 2005). However, research has reported situations where business negotiators need to handle discord while maintaining a working rapport with the opposing party (e.g. Bjørge, 2012), indicating that the ability to produce the appropriate expression of disagreement is an imperative skill. Nonetheless, while there is now a better understanding of how business professionals establish common ground through using BELF, little work has been carried out on the subject on how professionals express disagreement in the same aspect (but see e.g. Bjørge, 2012; Stalpers, 1995). The present study aims to address this gap and expand the current knowledge on how business professionals express and handle disagreement in naturally-occurring face-to-face negotiations. The collected material consists of approximately 4 hours of BELF discourse recorded at a business convention in Germany. Fifteen disagreement episodes were identified, transcribed and analyzed using Conversation Analytic (CA) procedures. The present paper seeks to explore two aspects of the current topic, namely how business professionals (using BELF) express disagreement during business negotiations, and whether mitigation strategies are used when disagreement is expressed. The findings suggest that disagreements are solely content-related and are expressed in a variety of ways as they are coupled with a varied use of mitigation devices (i.e. delay and added support). Furthermore, there were instances of unmitigated expressions in the form of blunt contradictions. It is suggested that disagreements in BELF negotiations are required actions and may serve a dual purpose. The main goal of expressing disagreement is to increase clarity in cases where essential information may be misinterpreted or misguided; additionally, it indicates the speaker’s stance in the argument. Lastly, as there is a need for better knowledge of successful BELF, the present study is likely to be of interest for those who are engaged in the global business discourse community as well as researchers studying international business settings.

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LI, Songyu. "A New Hands-free Face to Face Video Communication Method : Profile based frontal face video reconstruction." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-152457.

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This thesis proposes a method to reconstruct a frontal facial video basedon encoding done with the facial profile of another video sequence.The reconstructed facial video will have the similar facial expressionchanges as the changes in the profile video. First, the profiles for boththe reference video and for the test video are captured by edge detection.Then, asymmetrical principal component analysis is used to model thecorrespondence between the profile and the frontal face. This allows en-coding from a profile and decoding of the frontal face of another video.Another solution is to use dynamic time warping to match the profilesand select the best matching corresponding frontal face frame for re-construction. With this method, we can reconstructed the test frontalvideo to make it have the similar changing in facial expressions as thereference video. To improve the quality of the result video, Local Lin-ear Embedding is used to give the result video a smoother transitionbetween frames.

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Boulkenafet, Z. (Zinelabidine). "Face presentation attack detection using texture analysis." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2018. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526219257.

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Abstract In the last decades, face recognition systems have evolved a lot in terms of performance. As a result, this technology is now considered as mature and is applied in many real world applications from border control to financial transactions and computer security. Yet, many studies show that these systems suffer from vulnerabilities to spoofing attacks, a weakness that may limit their usage in many cases. A face spoofing attack or presentation attack occurs when someone tries to masquerade as someone else by presenting a fake face in front of the face recognition camera. To protect the recognition systems against attacks of this kind, many face anti-spoofing methods have been proposed. These methods have shown good performances on the existing face anti-spoofing databases. However, their performances degrade drastically under real world variations (e.g., illumination and camera device variations). In this thesis, we concentrate on improving the generalization capabilities of the face anti-spoofing methods with a particular focus on the texture based techniques. In contrast to most existing texture based methods aiming at extracting texture features from gray-scale images, we propose a joint color-texture analysis. First, the face images are converted into different color spaces. Then, the feature histograms computed over each image band are concatenated and used for discriminating between real and fake face images. Our experiments conducted on three color spaces: RGB, HSV and YCbCr show that extracting the texture information from separated luminance chrominance color spaces (HSV and YCbCr) yields to better performances compared to gray-scale and RGB image representations. Moreover, to deal with the problem of illumination and image-resolution variations, we propose to extract this texture information from different scale images. In addition to representing the face images in different scales, the multi-scale filtering methods also act as pre-processing against factors such as noise and illumination. Although our obtained results are better than the state of the art, they are still far from the requirements of real world applications. Thus, to help in the development of robust face anti-spoofing methods, we collected a new challenging face anti-spoofing database using six camera devices in three different illumination and environmental conditions. Furthermore, we have organized a competition on the collected database where fourteen face anti-spoofing methods have been assessed and compared
Tiivistelmä Kasvontunnistusjärjestelmien suorituskyky on parantunut huomattavasti viime vuosina. Tästä syystä tätä teknologiaa pidetään nykyisin riittävän kypsänä ja käytetään jo useissa käytännön sovelluksissa kuten rajatarkastuksissa, rahansiirroissa ja tietoturvasovelluksissa. Monissa tutkimuksissa on kuitenkin havaittu, että nämä järjestelmät ovat myös haavoittuvia huijausyrityksille, joissa joku yrittää esiintyä jonakin toisena henkilönä esittämällä kameralle jäljennöksen kohdehenkilön kasvoista. Tämä haavoittuvuus rajoittaa kasvontunnistuksen laajempaa käyttöä monissa sovelluksissa. Tunnistusjärjestelmien turvaamiseksi on kehitetty lukuisia menetelmiä tällaisten hyökkäysten torjumiseksi. Nämä menetelmät ovat toimineet hyvin tätä tarkoitusta varten kehitetyillä kasvotietokannoilla, mutta niiden suorituskyky huononee dramaattisesti todellisissa käytännön olosuhteissa, esim. valaistuksen ja käytetyn kuvantamistekniikan variaatioista johtuen. Tässä työssä yritämme parantaa kasvontunnistuksen huijauksen estomenetelmien yleistämiskykyä keskittyen erityisesti tekstuuripohjaisiin menetelmiin. Toisin kuin useimmat olemassa olevat tekstuuripohjaiset menetelmät, joissa tekstuuripiirteitä irrotetaan harmaasävykuvista, ehdotamme väritekstuurianalyysiin pohjautuvaa ratkaisua. Ensin kasvokuvat muutetaan erilaisiin väriavaruuksiin. Sen jälkeen kuvan jokaiselta kanavalta erikseen lasketut piirrehistogrammit yhdistetään ja käytetään erottamaan aidot ja väärät kasvokuvat toisistaan. Kolmeen eri väriavaruuteen, RGB, HSV ja YCbCr, perustuvat testimme osoittavat, että tekstuuri-informaation irrottaminen HSV- ja YCbCr-väriavaruuksien erillisistä luminanssi- ja krominanssikuvista parantaa suorituskykyä kuvien harmaasävy- ja RGB-esitystapoihin verrattuna. Valaistuksen ja kuvaresoluution variaation takia ehdotamme myös tämän tekstuuri-informaation irrottamista eri tavoin skaalatuista kuvista. Sen lisäksi, että itse kasvot esitetään eri skaaloissa, useaan skaalaan perustuvat suodatusmenetelmät toimivat myös esikäsittelynä sellaisia suorituskykyä heikentäviä tekijöitä vastaan kuten kohina ja valaistus. Vaikka tässä tutkimuksessa saavutetut tulokset ovat parempia kuin uusinta tekniikkaa edustavat tulokset, ne ovat kuitenkin vielä riittämättömiä reaalimaailman sovelluksissa tarvittavaan suorituskykyyn. Sen takia edistääksemme uusien robustien kasvontunnistuksen huijaamisen ilmaisumenetelmien kehittämistä kokosimme uuden, haasteellisen huijauksenestotietokannan käyttäen kuutta kameraa kolmessa erilaisessa valaistus- ja ympäristöolosuhteessa. Järjestimme keräämällämme tietokannalla myös kansainvälisen kilpailun, jossa arvioitiin ja verrattiin neljäätoista kasvontunnistuksen huijaamisen ilmaisumenetelmää

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31

Wileman, James Michael. "Dynamic analysis of eccentric mechanical face seals." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17343.

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Riaz, Muhammed Shahjahan. "Analysis of discriminant features for face recognition." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325242.

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Chinthapalli, Vamsi Krishna. "Face shape analysis in people with epilepsy." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10043826/.

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Stereophotogrammetry and dense surface modelling are novel techniques that have been used to study face shape in genetic and neurodevelopmental disorders. In people with epilepsy, it has been recognised that the condition may be associated with underlying structural variants or malformations of cortical development in some cases. Here I recruited 869 people with epilepsy or unaffected relatives and control subjects to study face shape. I sought to explore whether face shape and symmetry, using new metrics for each, could help to predict those people with epilepsy who may have potential underlying genetic or structural causes. My reproducibility studies found that stereophotogrammetry and dense surface modelling were susceptible to error from changes in head position or face expression, but not from camera calibration, image acquisition and image landmarking. The next study found that in people with epilepsy, a measurement of atypical face shape, Face Shape Difference (FSD), was significantly increased in those with pathogenic structural variants compared to those without pathogenic structural variants. The FSD value was used to predict the presence of pathogenic structural variants with a sensitivity of 66- 80% and specificity of 65-78%. Body mass index affects face shape in a partly predictable manner. The effect of body mass index differences was controlled for in a further analysis. I then analysed facial asymmetry and showed that it was increased in people with developmental lesions in the brain but not in people with pathogenic structural variants. A final study showed that stereophotogrammetry, dense surface modelling, FSD and reflected FSD could be used to study a single genetic disorder associated with epilepsy, to find previously unrecognised face shape changes. Stereophotogrammetry and dense surface modelling therefore appear to be promising tools to aid both in discovery of underlying causes for epilepsy and in understanding of such causes in terms of facial development.

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Patel, Vatsa Sanjay. "Masked Face Analysis via Multitask Deep Learning." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1619637677725646.

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Paras, Carrie. "An analysis of the multiple face phenomenon /." abstract and full text PDF (UNR users only), 2007. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1446791.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2007.
"May, 2007." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 29-33). Library also has microfilm. Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [2008]. 1 microfilm reel ; 35 mm. Online version available on the World Wide Web.

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Duffner, Stefan. "Face image analysis with convolutional neural networks." [S.l. : s.n.], 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:25-opus-48350.

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Clement, Stephen J. "Sparse shape modelling for 3D face analysis." Thesis, University of York, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/8248/.

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This thesis describes a new method for localising anthropometric landmark points on 3D face scans. The points are localised by fitting a sparse shape model to a set of candidate landmarks. The candidates are found using a feature detector that is designed using a data driven methodology, this approach also informs the choice of landmarks for the shape model. The fitting procedure is developed to be robust to missing landmark data and spurious candidates. The feature detector and landmark choice is determined by the performance of different local surface descriptions on the face. A number of criteria are defined for a good landmark point and good feature detector. These inform a framework for measuring the performance of various surface descriptions and the choice of parameter values in the surface description generation. Two types of surface description are tested: curvature and spin images. These descriptions, in many ways, represent many aspects of the two most common approaches to local surface description. Using the data driven design process for surface description and landmark choice, a feature detector is developed using spin images. As spin images are a rich surface description, we are able to perform detection and candidate landmark labelling in a single step. A feature detector is developed based on linear discriminant analysis (LDA). This is compared to a simpler detector used in the landmark and surface description selection process. A sparse shape model is constructed using ground truth landmark data. This sparse shape model contains only the landmark point locations and relative positional variation. To localise landmarks, this model is fitted to the candidate landmarks using a RANSAC style algorithm and a novel model fitting algorithm. The results of landmark localisation show that the shape model approach is beneficial over template alignment approaches. Even with heavily contaminated candidate data, we are able to achieve good localisation for most landmarks.

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Joslin, Kelly L. "Art Appreciation in Face-to-Face and Online Settings: An Analysis of Course Effectiveness." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1478709584805326.

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Wei, Jianye. "Analysis and Characterisation of Interactions in Face-to-Face and Remote-Access Chemistry Laboratories." Thesis, Curtin University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/79305.

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Laboratories have long been integral components in the undergraduate science curriculum. With the advancement of technologies, remote laboratories have been developed to complement or even replace some traditional face-to-face laboratories. This research investigated the process of learning in both face-to-face and remote laboratories by understanding interactions from the viewpoint of students, and their satisfaction levels. Findings from this research provide information for curriculum designers, laboratory instructors and students.

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Gul, Ahmet Bahtiyar. "Holistic Face Recognition By Dimension Reduction." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1056738/index.pdf.

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Face recognition is a popular research area where there are different approaches studied in the literature. In this thesis, a holistic Principal Component Analysis (PCA) based method, namely Eigenface method is studied in detail and three of the methods based on the Eigenface method are compared. These are the Bayesian PCA where Bayesian classifier is applied after dimension reduction with PCA, the Subspace Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) where LDA is applied after PCA and Eigenface where Nearest Mean Classifier applied after PCA. All the three methods are implemented on the Olivetti Research Laboratory (ORL) face database, the Face Recognition Technology (FERET) database and the CNN-TURK Speakers face database. The results are compared with respect to the effects of changes in illumination, pose and aging. Simulation results show that Subspace LDA and Bayesian PCA perform slightly well with respect to PCA under changes in pose
however, even Subspace LDA and Bayesian PCA do not perform well under changes in illumination and aging although they perform better than PCA.

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Gregory, Cheri B., and James H. Lampley. "Community College Student Success in Online Versus Equivalent Face-to-Face Courses." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3004.

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As part of a nationwide effort to increase the postsecondary educational attainment levels of citizens, community colleges have expanded offerings of courses and programs to more effectively meet the needs of students. Online courses offer convenience and flexibility that traditional face-to-face classes do not. These features appeal to students with family and work responsibilities that typically make attending classes on campus difficult. However, many of the students who tend to take courses in this instructional format have characteristics that place them at high-risk for academic failure. Because of the traditional mission of community colleges, they generally serve more students who fit this highrisk profile. Despite the promise and potential of online delivery systems, studies have associated distance education with higher student withdrawal rates. In addition, research has indicated that online students tend to earn lower grades than students in comparable face-to-face classes. The existence of contrasting findings in the literature exposes the need for additional empirical research relative to the overall success of students in online courses, as well as on factors associated with success in distance education. This is especially true for community college students. The purpose of this study was to determine if significant differences existed in student success at the community college level in online courses as compared to face-to-face courses. In addition, the researchers investigated the relationship between selected demographic, academic, enrollment, and external environmental factors and student success in online courses. The study involved secondary data analysis of quantitative data relevant to students enrolled in course sections taught by instructors who taught both online and face-to-face sections of the same course within the same semester from fall 2012 through spring 2015. The target population included 4,604 students enrolled at a public 2-year community college located in Tennessee. Results indicated there was a significant difference in success between students taking a course online and students taking a course face-to-face. Also, there was a significant difference in success based on instructional method when the following factors were considered: age group, gender, student academic classification, and Pell Grant eligibility status. There was no significant difference in success based on instructional method when first-generation college student status was considered.

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Bourne, Joshua. "The experience of videoconferencing and face-to face counselling from an older client's perspective : an Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) study." Thesis, University of Roehampton, 2018. https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/The-Experience-of-Videoconferencing-and-Face-to-Face-Counselling-from-an-Older-Client’s-Perspective(fd3c095f-9b9c-46fb-8779-8c3b54572b93).html.

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This thesis focuses on the experiences of videoconferencing and face-to-face counselling of clients ages 60 or older. Using qualitative methodology to provide insight into their accounts, it aims to enhance existing research in this area through the use of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). The phenomenological and interpretive nature of this methodology allows for an in-depth look into individual perspectives in engaging with a therapist via both videoconferencing and in-person from within and on the periphery of the session itself. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and were carried out with five individuals (who were therapists-as-clients). These individuals have had at least six sessions of therapy with a minimum of at least one session conducted via videoconferencing technology, in this case using Skype (2017) video-chat internet technology. Transcripts of the interviews were analysed using IPA. Analysis of the interviews yielded four superordinate themes. These were the salience of the physical space, suggesting that physical space remains important in videoconferencing therapy; resourcing the ending process, which indicates that both therapeutic modalities raise specific issues regarding how endings are managed. The relationship with the medium as a dynamic process emphasises that participants were able to work with videoconferencing technology despite having initial doubt. The fourth theme, the therapeutic relationship transcends the medium suggests that regardless of modality, it is the therapeutic relationship is of paramount importance. Implications of these themes are discussed both in terms of the theoretical understanding of older clients’ experiences of therapy and in terms of therapeutic practice.

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FORCHINI, PIER FRANCA. "Spontaneity in American English: face - to - face and movie conversation compared." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/411.

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La tesi fornisce uno studio empirico relativo agli elementi linguistici caratterizzanti il parlato faccia-a-faccia e il parlato filmico americano, due domini conversazionali solitamente detti differire in termini di spontaneità, essendo il primo generalmente descritto come la quintessenza del linguaggio parlato (in quanto totalmente spontaneo) e il secondo come non-spontaneo (essendo scritto-per-essere-parlato) e, quindi, non adatto a rappresentare l'uso generale della conversazione. Entrambe le analisi (i.e. quella multi-dimensionale, che offre una panoramica generale dei due domini presi in considerazione, e quella più specifica relativa al comportamento linguistico dell’espressione you know) basate su esempi autentici tratti da corpora dimostrano che, nonostante quanto venga generalmente descritto dalla letteratura a riguardo, conversazione faccia-a-faccia e conversazione filmica hanno molti tratti in comune e confutano l’idea che il linguaggio filmico non possa essere rappresentativo dell'uso generale della conversazione.
The present dissertation examines empirically the linguistic features characterizing American face-to-face and movie conversation, two domains which are usually claimed to differ especially in terms of spontaneity. Natural conversation is, indeed, considered the quintessence of the spoken language for it is totally spontaneous, whereas movie conversation is usually described as non-spontaneous, being artificially written-to-be spoken and, thus, not likely to represent the general usage of conversation. In spite of what is generally maintained by the literature, both the Multi-Dimensional analysis and the micro-analysis of the functions of you know based on authentic data retrieved from corpora show that the two conversational domains do not differ to a great extent and thus confutes the claim that movie language has “a very limited value” in that it does not reflect natural conversation and, consequently, is “not likely to be representative of the general usage of conversation”.

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44

FORCHINI, PIER FRANCA. "Spontaneity in American English: face - to - face and movie conversation compared." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/411.

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Анотація:

La tesi fornisce uno studio empirico relativo agli elementi linguistici caratterizzanti il parlato faccia-a-faccia e il parlato filmico americano, due domini conversazionali solitamente detti differire in termini di spontaneità, essendo il primo generalmente descritto come la quintessenza del linguaggio parlato (in quanto totalmente spontaneo) e il secondo come non-spontaneo (essendo scritto-per-essere-parlato) e, quindi, non adatto a rappresentare l'uso generale della conversazione. Entrambe le analisi (i.e. quella multi-dimensionale, che offre una panoramica generale dei due domini presi in considerazione, e quella più specifica relativa al comportamento linguistico dell’espressione you know) basate su esempi autentici tratti da corpora dimostrano che, nonostante quanto venga generalmente descritto dalla letteratura a riguardo, conversazione faccia-a-faccia e conversazione filmica hanno molti tratti in comune e confutano l’idea che il linguaggio filmico non possa essere rappresentativo dell'uso generale della conversazione.
The present dissertation examines empirically the linguistic features characterizing American face-to-face and movie conversation, two domains which are usually claimed to differ especially in terms of spontaneity. Natural conversation is, indeed, considered the quintessence of the spoken language for it is totally spontaneous, whereas movie conversation is usually described as non-spontaneous, being artificially written-to-be spoken and, thus, not likely to represent the general usage of conversation. In spite of what is generally maintained by the literature, both the Multi-Dimensional analysis and the micro-analysis of the functions of you know based on authentic data retrieved from corpora show that the two conversational domains do not differ to a great extent and thus confutes the claim that movie language has “a very limited value” in that it does not reflect natural conversation and, consequently, is “not likely to be representative of the general usage of conversation”.

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45

Smith, Barbara M. "Supervising Teaching Candidates Using Face-to-Face and Virtual Observations: Perceptions and Preferences of Special Educators." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7353.

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Providing effective supervision of student teachers and interns is critical in preparing quality special education teachers. To decrease the time commitment of supervisors, researchers have suggested using virtual observations which are generally viewed as a valuable resource. This study examined the experience of teacher candidates supervised with a combination of face-to-face visits and video observations. Groups of university faculty (supervisors) and students (teacher candidates) from a western university participated with both methods of supervision over three years and provided feedback to researchers. Results highlighted participants<'> satisfaction with the supervision process, including advantages and concerns with each type and ways the combination of methods gave added value and efficiency. Benefits of using the combination of observation types, which was most valued by both supervisors and candidates, were convenience and flexibility of scheduling, opportunities for self-evaluation, and the nature and timeliness of feedback. Future research might focus on using the combination of supervision methods with licensure candidates in other groups of professionals and teachers or examine specific aspects of using the technology.

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Jones, Elizabeth B. "Pixilated stained glass : a fantasy theme analysis of online and face-to-face Christian community." Virtual Press, 2007. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1371202.

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This thesis investigates how two Christian communities — differentiated primarily by their medium of communication — characterize and cast Christian community. The method of fantasy theme analysis was used to explore this thesis's central research question; namely, are content differences present in the ways in which face-to-face and digital communication systems characterize and cast the Christian sense of community? After an analysis of St. Pixels Church of the Internet (digital communication) and St. Luke's United Methodist Church (face-to-face communication) it was found that the online community demonstrated a rhetorical vision of koinonia, while the face-to-face community demonstrated a rhetorical vision of ekklesia.
Department of Telecommunications

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47

Goujon, Aurélie. "Indices d'incompréhension et séquences de réparation dans l'interaction en face-à-face : une analyse multimodale." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0326.

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Dans ce travail, nous nous intéressons aux mouvements de sourcils dans l’interaction en face- à-face en tant que ressource utilisée par les participants pour signaler un problème de compréhension. Notre objectif est de décrire la séquence interactionnelle dans laquelle apparait ce mouvement et les trajectoires interactionnelles dont use le locuteur pour résoudre le trouble de la compréhension qui a surgi.Nous utilisons les outils qu’offrent la linguistique interactionnelle et la linguistique de corpus, pour mener une analyse systématique de ces phénomènes. Nous nous appuyons sur trois corpus présentant différents degrés de spontanéité et diverses activités interactionnelles. Après avoir identifié et annoté les mouvements de sourcils (haussement et froncement) et les séquences présentant un problème de compréhension (Weigand, 1999 ; Antaki, 2012), nous avons mené une analyse séquentielle sur une soixantaine d’extraits.Cette recherche met en lumière le rôle des mouvements de sourcils en tant que ressource qui participe à rendre mutuellement reconnaissable un problème de compréhension, mais également en tant qu’indice de désalignement et de réalignement lors de ces dîtes séquences. De plus, nous évaluons les technologies permettant la détection automatique des mouvements de sourcils au travers de comparaisons entre les annotations manuelles et automatiques. Ce travail permet de mieux comprendre les mécanismes de l’interaction sociale dans toute la complexité́ multimodale qu’ils impliquent
In this work, we focus on eyebrows movements in face to face interaction as a resource usedby one speaker to inform the other that there is an understanding problem. Our aim is to describethe interactional sequence in which this movement appears, and to describe the interactionaltrajectories used by the speaker to solve the misunderstanding that took place. Our work comeswithin the scope of Interactional Linguistics that recommend the study of the whole ofmultimodal resources without necessarily analysing them systematically.Our methodology comes from corpus linguistics, allowing us to perform a systematic analysisof these phenomena. This method consists in first annotating the eyebrows movements (raisingand frowning) that are produced as a response by the interlocutor in 3 different interactioncorpora. These movements annotations are performed manually first, and then automaticallythanks to the development of a tool that makes it possible to detect and automatically annotatethem. Then, the annotation of the different sequences that include an understanding problem ismade from pre- existing criteria from the literature (Weigand, 1999 ; Antaki, 2012).This work will allow a better understanding of the mechanisms of social interaction, taking allof the multimodal complexity that they imply into account. This study sheds light on the roleplayed by eyebrows movements as a practice to initiate understanding-problem sequences, andalso as a practice used as a disalignment and realignment cues during the aforementionedsequences

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Moreira, Roger William Fernandes 1971. "Analise facial e cefalometrica comparativa de mulheres com harmonia facial." [s.n.], 1999. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/288203.

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Orientador: Mario Francisco R. Gabrielli
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-25T16:11:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Moreira_RogerWilliamFernandes_D.pdf: 6543331 bytes, checksum: d4d534d62c84d47d6af3e409226ef65d (MD5) Previous issue date: 1999
Resumo: Foram avaliadas 2'0 mulheres leucodermas, brasileiras, com harmonia facial, modelos profissionais, que receberam análise facial conforme descrita por STELLA (1996) e PASSERI (1999). Por meio de telerradiografias tomadas em norma lateral, as análises cefalométricas de LEGAN & BURSTONE (1980) e MCNAMARA JR (1984) foram aplicadas. Os resultados obtidos foram tabulados, analisados estatisticamente e comparados com os valores originais descritos nas análises empregadas, permitindo concluir que: 1) apesar dos diferentes aspectos faciais e oclusais da amostra, as proporções verticais da face guardaram relação de 1/1/1, entre os três terços faciais, em média; 2) a análise facial revelou, nas mulheres estudadas, menores dimensões transversais do terço médio da face, com diferença estatisticamente significativa, em relação à literatura; 3) as medidas cefalométricas relativas aos dois terços inferiores do terço inferior da face, na análise de LEGAN & BURSTONE (1980), que refletem a posição do incisivo inferior e do lábio inferior apresentaram se estatisticamente diferentes dos valores descritos pelos autores; 4) para as medidas ósseas apresentadas por MCNAMARA JR (1984), que são as comumente utilizadas no plamejamento ortodôntico cirúrgico, não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas em relação aos valores obtidos para a amostra considerada; 5) a variabilidade para as proporções consideradas na análise facial foi em , geral menor que para as medidas isoladas; 6) o valor médio do ângulo nasolabial para a amostra estudada foi de 107,8°; 7) a expostção média radiográfica do incisivo central superior foi de 4,15 mm. O valor , médio obtido clinicamente foi de 0,87 mm, em repouso, e 9,05, 'fllm
Abstract: Twenty white Brazillian females, professional models presenting good facial balance, were studied by means of facial analysis, as described by STELLA (1996) and PASSERI (1999). The cephalometric analysis of LEGAN & BURSTONE (1980) and MCNAMARA JR (1984) , isolated measurements for the facial analysis; 6) the mean value for were applied to lateral cephalograms. Results were statistically analyzed and compared with the original values as described for the considered methods, allowing the following conclusions: 1) facial proportions were 1/1/1 for the three facial thirds; 2) facial analysis revealed smaller transverse values for the middle third horizontal measurements with statistically significant differences in relation to the literature; 3) measurements relative to the two inferior thirds of the lower facial third, which reflected the position of the inferior incisor and lower lip, were statistically different from those described by LEGAN & BURSTONE (1980); 4) the MCNAMARA JR analysis (1984) values presented no statistically significant differences from those described by the author; 5) facial proportions were less variable than absolut the nasolabial angle was 107,8°; 7) Mean radiographic upper incisor exposure was 4,15 mm. The mean clinical measurement was 0,87 mm n repose and 9,05 mm in smiling
Doutorado
Cirurgia Buco-Maxilo-Facial
Doutor em Clínica Odontológica

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49

Chiesa, Valeria. "Revisiting face processing with light field images." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2019SORUS059.pdf.

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L'objectif principal de cette thèse est de présenter une technologie d'acquisition non conventionnelle, d'étudier les performances d'analyse du visage en utilisant des images collectées avec une caméra spéciale, de comparer les résultats avec ceux obtenus en élaborant des données à partir de dispositifs similaires et de démontrer le bénéfice apporté par l'utilisation de dispositifs modernes par rapport à des caméras standards utilisées en biométrie. Au début de la thèse, la littérature sur l'analyse du visage à l'aide de données "light field" a été étudiée. Le problème de la rareté des données biométriques (et en particulier des images de visages humains) recueillies à l'aide de caméras plénoptiques a été résolu par l'acquisition systématique d'une base de données de visages "light field", désormais accessible au public. Grâce aux données recueillies, il a été possible de concevoir et de développer des expériences en analyse du visage. De plus, une base de référence exhaustive pour une comparaison entre deux technologies RGB-D a été créée pour appuyer les études en perspective. Pendant la période de cette thèse, l'intérêt pour la technologie du plénoptique appliquée à l'analyse du visage s'est accrue et la nécessité d'une étude d'un algorithme dédié aux images "light field" est devenue incontournable. Ainsi, une vue d'ensemble complète des méthodes existantes a été élaborée
Being able to predict the macroscopic response of a material from the knowledge of its constituent at a microscopic or mesoscopic scale has always been the Holy Grail pursued by material science, for it provides building bricks for the understanding of complex structures as well as for the development of tailor-made optimized materials. The homogenization theory constitutes nowadays a well-established theoretical framework to estimate the overall response of composite materials for a broad range of mechanical behaviors. Such a framework is still lacking for brittle fracture, which is a dissipative evolution problem that (ii) localizes at the crack tip and (iii) is related to a structural one. In this work, we propose a theoretical framework based on a perturbative approach of Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics to model (i) crack propagation in large-scale disordered materials as well (ii) the dissipative processes involved at the crack tip during the interaction of a crack with material heterogeneities. Their ultimate contribution to the macroscopic toughness of the composite is (iii) estimated from the resolution of the structural problem using an approach inspired by statistical physics. The theoretical and numerical inputs presented in the thesis are finally compared to experimental measurements of crack propagation in 3D-printed heterogeneous polymers obtained through digital image correlation

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Chen, Shaokang. "Robust discriminative principal component analysis for face recognition /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18934.pdf.

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