Дисертації з теми "Extrapolation of innovative ideas"

У дисертації здійснено цілісний порівняльний аналіз професійної підготовки майбутніх магістрів з кібербезпеки в університетах Великої Британії з метою запозичення прогресивних ідей досвіду для впровадження окремих його елементів у вітчизняну освітню практику. Обґрунтування нових концептуальних підходів до вдосконалення професійної підготовки магістрів з кібербезпеки потребує в контексті інтеграції України до європейського освітньо-інформаційного простору ретельної уваги до результатів наукових пошуків і прогностичних ідей зарубіжного досвіду, зокрема Великої Британії. Схарактеризовано стан дослідження проблеми професійної підготовки магістрів з кібербезпеки в психолого-педагогічній літературі, обґрунтовано залежність розвитку кібербезпекової політики від рівня професійної компетентності фахівців із кібербезпеки. З’ясовано, що зовнішня та внутрішня безпека держави, захист інтересів і здоров’я її громадян, особистої інформації залежать від якісної й ефективної діяльності інституцій і структур, які надають послуги з інформаційної безпеки, тобто від професійної компетентності фахівців із кібербезпеки. Проаналізовані вимоги міжнародних організацій («ENISA», «IMPACT», «OSCE», «NSA») до професійної діяльності та підготовки фахівців із кібербезпеки відображено у формулюванні цілей, конкретизації змісту, форм, методів і технологій професійної підготовки магістрів з кібербезпеки, в обґрунтуванні їхніх професійних компетентностей у кіберпросторі. Зафіксовано напрями кібербезпекової політики у Великій Британії: узгодженість критеріїв глобального індексу кібербезпеки та сприяння досягненню основних цілей і концептуальних рамок «Програми глобальної кібербезпеки»; створення платформи для кібербезпеки різних секторів економіки; розроблення спеціальних інформаційних систем і технологій, окремих програмних продуктів; активний розвиток державно-приватного партнерства щодо обміну інформацією про кіберзагрози, управління кіберінцидентами, розроблення галузевих стандартів та рамкових програм кібербезпеки з представниками бізнесу, науки й громадськості; запровадження системи сертифікації компаній та фахівців; залучення бізнесу до фінансування університетських освітніх програм у сфері кібербезпеки та створення спеціальних центрів обміну досвідом. На підставі аналізу законодавчої бази в галузі кібербезпеки Великої Британії підсумовано, що вона є доволі складною та дуже швидко змінюється. Відповідно до професійних стандартів, визначено мету підготовки магістрів з кібербезпеки, яка полягає в поглибленні фахових знань (розуміння ключових понять, принципів, технологій і практики), розвитку професійних навичок та методологічних умінь із питань кібербезпеки. Описано особливості організації освітнього процесу підготовки магістрів в університетах Великої Британії. Унаслідок опрацювання навчальних планів й освітніх програм провідних університетів Великої Британії зроблено висновок, що змістовий компонент органічно поєднує фундаментальну, фахову, науково-дослідницьку й практичну підготовку, сприяючи задоволенню перспективних кар’єрних можливостей і науково-професійному зростанню в галузі кібербезпеки. З’ясовано, що практична підготовка магістрів – обов’язковий компонент змісту програм, що передбачає різні форми (стажування, інтернатура, участь у наукових і міжнародних проектах, волонтерство, менторство, робота з партнерами). Виявлено, що підвищення якості професійної підготовки магістрів з кібербезпеки в університетах Великої Британії досягають завдяки використанню інтерактивних форм, методів та технологій навчання. Застосування інноваційних методів і технологій навчання спрямоване передовсім на вдосконалення результатів навчання магістрів, розвиток мотивації до навчання, удосконалення практичного досвіду. З’ясовано, що особливу увагу зосереджено на розвитку проектних умінь у виконанні дослідницької діяльності. Також підготовка магістрів передбачає професійне та наукове стажування, що є органічною частиною освітньої програми та працевлаштування. Магістрантам пропонують, зокрема, допомогу в розробленні резюме, у розвитку навичок співбесіди тощо. Досліджено сучасний стан підготовки магістрів з кібербезпеки в закладах вищої освіти України, виконано порівняльно-педагогічний аналіз особливостей професійної підготовки магістрів з кібербезпеки у Великій Британії та Україні. На підставі вивчення досвіду Великої Британії обґрунтовано науково-методичні рекомендації щодо вдосконалення професійної підготовки магістрів з кібербезпеки в ЗВО України за такими рівнями: стратегічний; організаційний; змістовий; технологічний. Наукова новизна одержаних результатів полягає в тому, що: уперше виявлено організаційно-дидактичні особливості професійної підготовки магістрів з кібербезпеки в університетах Великої Британії (вільний вибір індивідуальної освітньої траєкторії для кар’єрного просування на засадах інтеграції й диверсифікації освітніх програм, сертифікації професійної кваліфікації; стандартизація та міждисциплінарність змісту, професійна й дослідницька спрямованість, узгодженість із вимогами та потребами кіберполітики; прикладний характер освітніх програм; високий рівень організації самостійного дослідження й пошуково-дослідницької діяльності; інноваційність та інтерактивність форм, методів і технологій навчання); виконано порівняльно-педагогічний аналіз професійної підготовки магістрів з кібербезпеки в університетах Великої Британії й України; окреслено можливості імплементації конструктивних ідей британського досвіду для вдосконалення професійної підготовки магістрів з кібербезпеки в університетах України; удосконалено змістове й навчально-методичне забезпечення для професійної підготовки магістрів з кібербезпеки в університетах України (розроблено авторський спецкурс); набули подальшого розвитку положення щодо сутнісних характеристик і змістового наповнення поняття «професійна підготовка магістрів з кібербезпеки» та його інтерпретації відповідно до зарубіжної й української семантики; стосовно сучасних тенденцій розвитку ІТ-освіти в умовах формування глобальногокібербезпечного простору. Практичне значення роботи засвідчує підготовка науково-методичних рекомендацій «Професійна підготовка магістрів з кібербезпеки: досвід Великої Британії», де обґрунтовано шляхи використання прогресивних ідей британського досвіду для модернізації професійної підготовки майбутніх магістрів з кібербезпеки в Україні. Основні положення, теоретичні висновки, джерельну базу дослідження варто залучати під час розроблення освітніх стандартів підготовки магістрів з кібербезпеки, спецкурсів і спецсемінарів для підготовки майбутніх фахівців ІТ-галузі, удосконалення організації професійної підготовки майбутніх фахівців із кібербезпеки в Україні.
The thesis presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of professional training of Masters in Cybersecurity at UK universities to implement innovative aspects of such experience in the Ukrainian system of education. The justification of new conceptual approaches to improving professional training of Masters in Cybersecurity should pay special attention to the results of scientific research and prognostic ideas of the international experience, in particular, that of the UK, in the context of Ukraine’s integration into the European Higher Education Area. The thesis describes the coverage of professional training of Masters in Cybersecurity in the psycho-pedagogical literature and justifies the dependence of the development of cybersecurity policy on the level of professional competency of specialists in cybersecurity. It specifies that both the external and internal security of the state, as well as the protection of interests, health and personal information of its citizens, depends on high-quality activities of institutions and organizations providing information security services, that is on professional competency of specialists in cybersecurity. It analyzes the requirements of international organizations (“ENISA”, “IMPACT”, “OSCE”, “NSA”) for professional activities and training of specialists in cybersecurity which are reflected in the formulation of goals, the specification of the content, forms, methods and technologies of professional training of Masters in Cybersecurity, as well as in the justification of their professional competencies in cyberspace. It singles out the following areas in the UK cybersecurity policy: the coherence of criteria of the Global Cybersecurity Index (GCI) and the promotion of the main goals and conceptual frameworks of the Global Cyber Security Programme; the creation of a platform for the cybersecurity of different sectors of the economy; the development of special information systems and technologies, as well as separate software products; the active establishment of public-private partnerships on cyber-threat information sharing and cybersecurity incident management; the elaboration of cybersecurity industry-standards and framework programmes with business, science and the public; the introduction of a certification system for companies and specialists; the involvement of business in financing degree programmes in Cybersecurity; the establishment of special centres for sharing experience. The analysis of regulatory documents in the field of cybersecurity in the UK shows that it is somewhat complicated and changes rapidly. According to professional standards, the goals of masters programmes on Cybersecurity include consolidating professional knowledge (understanding key concepts, principles, technologies and practices) and developing professional and methodological skills in cybersecurity. Also, the thesis describes the characteristics of the educational process in the context of masters training at UK universities. The study of degree programmesand curricula of the leading UK universities shows that the content of such training organically combines fundamental, professional, research and practical training, contributing to the pursuit of career prospects and scientific and professional growth of cybersecurity. The thesis clarifies that practical training of masters training is a compulsory component of the content of masters programmes, which involves various forms (internships, participation in scientific and international projects, volunteering, mentoring, working with partners). It finds that the quality of masters programmes on Cybersecurity at UK universities is enhanced by using interactive teaching forms, methods and technologies. It must be noted that the use of innovative teaching methods and technologies is primarily aimed at improving the results of masters training, boosting motivation towards learning and enhancing practical experience. Particular attention is paid to the development of project skills while conducting research. Masters training also includes professional and research internship, which is an organic part of degree programmes and employment. Students can be offered to assist in creating a CV and developing interviewing skills. Finally, the thesis explores the current conditions of masters programmes on Cybersecurity at Ukrainian universities and presents a comparative pedagogical analysis of the peculiarities of professional training of Masters in Cybersecurity in the UK and Ukraine. The study of the UK experience has made it possible to justify scientific and methodological recommendations for improving professional training of Masters in Cybersecurity at Ukrainian universities at the strategic, organizational, content-related and technological levels. The scientific value of the obtained results is as follows: for the first time, the organizational and didactic peculiarities of professional training of Masters in Cybersecurity at UK universities (a free choice of an individual educational trajectory for career advancement based on the integration and diversification of degree programmes and the certification of professional qualifications; the standardized and interdisciplinary content of professional training; professional and research focus; the consistency with the requirements and needs of cyber policy; an applied nature of degree programmes; a high level of independent research and research activities; innovative and interactive forms, methods and technologies of teaching and learning) have been revealed; professional training of Masters in Cybersecurity at UK and Ukrainian universities has been comparatively and pedagogically analyzed; the possibilities of implementing innovative ideas of the UK experience with the aim to improve professional training of Masters in Cybersecurity at Ukrainian universities have been outlined; the content and the instructional-and-methodological support of professional training of Masters in Cybersecurity at Ukrainian universities have been improved (the author’s specialized course has been developed); the statements on the essential characteristics and the content of the concept of “masters training in Cybersecurity” and its interpretation in accordance with the international and Ukrainian semantics, as well as on current trends in the development of IT education under the conditions of creating global cybersecurity space, have been further developed. The practical value of the obtained results can be proved by the author’s instructional-and-methodological recommendations, titled “Professional Training of Masters in Cybersecurity: the UK Experience”, which justify the ways of using innovative ideas of the UK experience to update professional training of Masters in Cybersecurity in Ukraine. The main principles, theoretical conclusions and sources of this research should be included in the development of education standards on professional training of Masters in Cybersecurity, specialized courses and special seminars on professional training of IT specialists, as well as in the improvement of professional training of future specialists in cybersecurity in Ukraine.

This study explores the innovation management of acquisition and dissemination, technological and radical, of product ideas. The nature and value of community learning are explored through four functional communities' interpretation and sense-making of their own, and other communities', practices associated with innovation management. An earlier research study, literature and an initial set of focus group findings, were used to identify four key themes: sub-cultural values, innovation goals, organizational enablers and barriers, and community learning outcomes; linked to functional communities' engagement with an informal innovation community. A combination of frameworks, i. e. 'communities of practice' (CoP), organisational and cultural, are reviewed, and an initial community learning process model constructed which is subsequently used to explore the four themes. Central to this study is the interpretative ethnographic approach and the adoption of a single case participatory action research methodology, which is underpinned by the practice of groundedt heory. The critical roles of the researchera nd co-researchers are discussed, highlighting the importance of multiple methods of observing and collecting data: focus groups, interviews, observation, action workshops, collection of hall-talk, and documentation such as e-mails, memos, project notes and strategy documents. The functional communities' value orientations are important to understanding their perceived and expected roles within innovation communities. Changes in the nature of the communities' interpretation of customer value are discussed together with an apparent increased role ambiguity. Communities' outcome criteria associatedw ith the innovation community are explored with a specific focus on performance, attitudinal and behavioural outcomes. The findings attest to a strong link between the expected outcome measures and communities' mutual expectations of other innovation community members. Community environment and its impact on CoP are explored through the practices of collaboration, conflict and innovative leadership. The initial findings suggest that the 'state of trust' between communities is directly related to the leadership style and the collaboration between members. The principal contribution of this study was to the development of a community learning process model, which mapped their identities, practices and meanings associated with the innovative initiative and the interrelationship between sense-making and practices. The communities' 'legitimacy of contribution' in the case of the initiative was determined by their perspective of customer value orientation and the sense-making of their own, and others', practices. These practices, the research suggests, were influenced by their symbolic interpretation of the sharedi nnovation goals of the innovation community. This research attests that perceived value orientation is directly linked to communities' practices, and the prospective sensemaking of the relationship between practices and outcomes. Hence, desired value orientation is indirectly related to role ambiguity and functional community engagement with innovation communities. Future research needs to differentiate between desired and perceived value orientation and actions.

Thesis (MTech (Design))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015.
Design as a field of practice is constantly evolving and has predominantly been used to stimulate and facilitate the humanisation of new technologies, so that they are usable and desirable for the capitalist economy (Boehnert, 2013, p. 14). With the evolution of the commercial and economic systems, the role of the designer now needs a shift so that it is able to facilitate new and appropriate interactions (Manzini, 2015, p. 180). This thesis explores what some of those interactions may look like and the role that design may be able to play in assisting them. Enabling society to be better equipped to communicate and collaborate with industry and academia, and vice versa, may be beneficial. The more society’s contributions can be heard, acknowledged and implemented, the better the economy may function. Increasing the transparency and understanding of these systems would potentially allow for less corruption and greater collaboration within and between them, possibly allowing for improved innovation. Once entrepreneurs are better equipped to integrate and take advantage of the institutional structures that are in place, this could drive economic development forward, and more informed and effective decisions might be implemented. Institutionally, through a better understanding of their resources and networks, such research could also lead to the implementation of better management and leadership strategies. This thesis focuses on the role of design as a catalyst for product development in the Western Cape. The concept of enabling innovative product ideas through design is analysed through an examination of three current case studies being developed in this region. To contextualise this a bit further, what is examined are the processes, developments and relationships, within and across the structures of the university, civil society and the design industry. This is explored to identify how each of these groups may support the design process, and where they may inhibit it. The primary objective is to provide a foundational road-map to enable innovative ideas from which citizen projects, universities and the design industry may benefit and continue to build upon. In this way, it may be possible to create a more synergetic relationship between universities, the design industry and civil society, or at least to make that relationship more transparent and mutually beneficial.

This study contributes to nascent entrepreneurship research by investigating factors on the individual and opportunity levels of analysis that determine the exploitation of innovative venture ideas. As a result of the literature review three theoretical perspectives were chosen to organize the factors: human and social capital, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and domain definition strategy. The analysis of the chosen factors is based on hypotheses formulated on the basis of the literature review concerning the impact of the factors on the performance of nascent entrepreneurs during the discovery process. Empirical data were collected from the survey of 409 nascent entrepreneurs who addressed a public advisory agency in Stockholm area. Research findings show that among all factors, statistically significant predictors of exploitation of venture ideas are social capital in terms of the contact with counselors and number of ties with different actors, planning and marshaling self-efficacy, initial investment, tangibility and innovativeness of the future offerings. As for the direction of relationships, too many ties with different networks and higher planning self-efficacy influence exploitation in a negative way. Among variables related to domain definition strategy, entrepreneurs with innovative venture ideas based on services have higher probability of exploiting their ideas. Those who have made initial investment into the development of venture ideas and have a frequent contact with counselors are more likely to continue exploitation efforts. Of five dimensions of entrepreneurial self-efficacy, higher marshaling self-efficacy was shown to positively contribute to the exploitation process. It is especially difficult during the early stages of entrepreneurial process to predict which venture ideas will survive, thus, nascent entrepreneurship assistance should encourage experimentation. Although it is difficult to make generalizations from the study about nascent entrepreneurs in the Stockholm area, it can be advised to encourage the development of new services and enhance the entrepreneurial potential of nascent entrepreneurs by developing their entrepreneurial self-efficacy, especially marshaling self-efficacy.

Innovation is a key factor for companies in order to survive in the long-term and to stay competitive. However, it can be challenging to know what ideas (or innovations) to pursue. Large incumbent companies can be slow to innovate, but startups on the other hand, are a great source of innovation. However, many startups fail. Starting a new company is risky, but a countervailing force has emerged called Lean Development. There is a strong need for research and studies on the subject of product development in a Lean Development context and the process of Idea Selection has been somewhat ignored in research. Idea Selection is a part of the Front End of Innovation and is often mentioned as an important factor for success in the innovation process. This study was aimed at creating a framework for Idea Selection, building on the intersection between the Front End of Innovation and the New Product and Process Development in a Lean Development context. The findings are based on current theory on Innovation, Idea Selection and Lean Development as well as a case study conducted at a Swedish insurance startup. The main conclusion of this study is a framework containing four themes: Reach, Impact, Confidence and Effort. By using this framework, startups can more easily decide on what ideas to pursue and thereby move quicker and achieve more success in the innovation process.
För ett företag är innovation en nyckelfaktor för långsiktig överlevnad och för att vara konkurrenskraftig. Det kan emellertid vara utmanande att veta vilka idéer (eller innovationer) som bör utforskas vidare och implementeras. Stora etablerade företag kan vara långsamma att innovera, men nystartade företag, startups, kännetecknas å andra sidan ofta av att ha stor innovationsförmåga. Men många startups misslyckas. Att starta ett nytt företag är riskabelt. För att minska den risken har något som kallas Lean Development växt fram. Det finns ett starkt behov av forskning och studier om produktutveckling i Lean Development-sammanhang och processen att välja ut idéer har ignorerats i forskning. Idéval är en del av Front End of Innovation och nämns ofta som en viktig faktor för framgång i innovationsprocessen. Denna studie syftar till att skapa ett ramverk för Idéval, som bygger på skärningspunkten mellan Front End of Innovation och New Product and Process Development ett Lean Development-sammanhang. Resultat är baserade på aktuell teori om Innovation, Idéval och Lean Development samt en fallstudie genomförd vid en svensk startup inom försäkringsbranschen. Den huvudsakliga slutsatsen i denna studie är ett ramverk som innehåller fyra teman: Reach, Impact, Confidence and Effort. Genom att använda detta ramverk kan nystartade företag lättare bestämma vilka idéer de ska gå vidare med och därmed bli mer snabbrörliga och uppnå mer framgång i innovationsprocessen.

Innovation is a necessity for organizations long term survival in today's rapidly changing society. Many organizations struggle with their innovation management and a prerequisite to succeed with innovation is considered to be, creating and maintaining an innovation. Large established organizations are by many seen as one of the greatest sources of innovation. They have several advantages when it comes to innovation; like a large set of resources and an extensive network. On the other hand many large organizations face difficulties with flexibility and bureaucracy and are being outperformed by small startup organizations. The purpose of the thesis was to investigate a large established Swedish high-technology organization’s innovation culture and give suggestions for how it could be improved in order to support the capability of generating ideas. The investigation was performed at Saab Naval Operations. To find improvements, the current culture and the desired culture that supports innovation were identified. Finally necessary changes were identified to be able to achieve the desired culture. Semi structured interviews were held to understand the prevailing problems today and the desired future state. Additionally a climate questionnaire was sent out to all coworkers at Naval Operations to reveal the current state from coworker’s perspectives. The analysis of the qualitative and quantitative results together provided an overall understanding of the existing culture. Workshops were held to determine the changes needed to reach the desired culture. Finally an action-plan with four improvement areas was identified. The empirical, qualitative and quantitative studies were distributed into the improvement areas. The factors identified are considered as a good starting to positively contribute to an innovative culture though the list is not considered as complete. The improvement areas were; Leadership for innovation, Idea Management, Understanding and Knowledge Transfer. These improvement areas were considered to be of great importance in order to positively contribute to the innovative culture where a variety of ideas emerges from everyone at Saab Naval Operations.
För organisationers långsiktiga överlevnad i dagens snabbt föränderliga samhälle är innovation en nödvändighet. Trots detta har många organisationer svårigheter med att hantera sitt innovationsarbete. En förutsättning för att lyckas med innovation anses vara att skapa och upprätthålla en innovationskultur. Många anser att stora etablerade organisationer är en av de största källorna till innovation. De har många fördelar, så som en stor andel resurser och ett omfattande nätverk. Å andra sidan får många stora organisationer svårigheter med flexibilitet och byråkrati och blir därför överträffade av små start-up organisationer. Syftet med denna uppsats var att undersöka ett stort etablerat svenskt högteknologiskt företags innovationskultur och föreslå förbättringsåtgärder för att främja förmågan att generera idéer. Undersökningen genomfördes på Saab Naval Operations i Järfälla. För att finna förbättrings-åtgärder utreddes först hur den existerande kulturen som stödjer innovation såg ut, därefter identifierades den önskade kulturen. Slutligen identifierades de förändringar som kunna möjliggöra den önskade kulturen. Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes för att förstå problemen och det önskade framtida tillståndet. En klimatenkät skickades ut till medarbetarena på Saab Naval Operations för att identifiera deras uppfattning av klimatet. De kvalitativa och kvantitativa resultaten gav tillsammans en övergripande förståelse av den befintliga kulturen. Workshops hölls för att finna förslag till åtgärder som skulle hjälpa att nå den önskade kulturen. Slutligen togs en handlingsplan med fyra förbättringsområden fram.Resultatet utmynnade i fyra förbättringsområdena. De identifierade faktorerna anses vara en bra utgångspunkt för att förbättra innovationskulturen. Förbättringsområdena som identifierades är: Ledarskap för innovation, Idéhantering, Domänkunskap och Kunskapsöverföring. Dessa anses vara av stor betydelse för att positivt bidra till en innovationskultur där en mångfald av idéer uppstår, från alla på Saab Naval Operations.

Nowadays modern technologies and innovations open new horizons for those who create products and services. New technological changes apply, in fact, to all areas of life and business, from the aerospace industry to medicine, education and even the arts. Virtual (VR) and augmented reality (AR), artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, smart technologies, the Internet - at this stage these things have become or are gradually becoming ordinary and commonplace.

This is an action-oriented study aimed at designing a practical methodology for generating evidence backed solutions for practical problems by means of literature review. Three iterations of systematic review are applied which evaluates different search strategies and reporting structures to provide a framework for an ideation technique. Resulting in an adaptation of a previously used framework which can be deployed to different extents that appears to result in design propositions alongside individual interventions.

Australia faces many challenges in a globalised and rapidly changing world. Schools are increasingly being given responsibility for ensuring the future economic, social and political wellbeing of the nation and its successful transition into the knowledge age. Teachers have the responsibility of educating their students for an as yet unknown future. To meet these complex professional challenges, teachers need to become creators rather than consumers of knowledge. Through engaging in knowledge creation work teachers can re-image their work, reconceptualising the meaning of teacher professionalism. The study explores understandings of knowledge creation that emerge from the experiences of three Queensland schools engaged in IDEAS, a process of whole-school renewal which focuses on the work of teachers. In each case, through collaborative effort, the teachers created new knowledge. How this happened, what was achieved, the dynamics of the relationship between individual and group learning, and the subsequent impact on practice varied from case to case. The nature of the knowledge created was strongly influenced by contextual factors such as the dominant organisational paradigm, socio-emotional climate, cognitive processes, leadership and organisational coherence. In each school extensive data were gathered through in-depth interviews, artefact and document collection, and participant observation, particularly of IDEAS related activities. The story of each school and its engagement with IDEAS – constructed from the accounts of the teachers – is told to provide a basis for understanding knowledge creation in each context. In the final stage of analysis, cross-case comparisons are made to provide a more generalised understanding of knowledge creation processes and the factors which impact on the nature of the knowledge produced. The findings indicate a link between the creation of knowledge in the three schools and a re-imaging of teachers’ work.

Background. Factors such as the shortage of personnel, hospital closures and mergers, the ageing of the population combined with the evolution of medical technologies have all added pressure to the health care system. These pressures have had an impact on current work environments and health care workers' satisfaction. In light of the evidence on the influence of job satisfaction and retention on the quality of tare and patient safety, interventions are needed to address these issues.
Objective. The objective were to examine the effect of Appreciative Inquiry on: (1) the development of innovative ideas regarding work organization; (2) changes in health care professionals' and particularly nurses' job satisfaction and intent to stay; and, (3) levels of empowerment, social network and perceived organizational support.
Research design. The study used a multiple embedded case study design to access the multifaceted aspects relating to retention and innovation and examine the changes engendered by an AI intervention.
Participants and setting. Two oncology ambulatory clinics constituted the cases; the embedded units were the health care and the management teams (N = 47 and 5) of an adult oncology division in a multi-site university affiliated health care centre in a large Canadian city.
Methods. Multiple sources of evidence were used. They consisted of participant observation, questionnaires providing quantitative and qualitative evidence, interviews, direct observation and documentation.
Results. AI provided a way to involve health care professionals in change processes by creating the opportunity and the conditions that promoted the emergent of innovative ideas. Some of these ideas were implemented during the study period. AI did not result in improved psychological empowerment, perceived organizational support, support network or decreased intent to stay. Job satisfaction decreased over time. Perceptions of organizational support and psychological empowerment were found to influence job satisfaction and intent to stay.
Conclusion. This study makes a contribution to micro-systems examination of change processes and reveals how ideas evolve and are developed in a multidisciplinary context. AI represents a way to tap into the innovative potential of individuals within an organization. The findings suggest that upper and middle management support is required throughout change processes and that multilevel interventions need to be pursued to facilitate the implementation of innovative ideas and subsequently improve work environments.

[Abstract]: The educational literature has popularised models of school leadership such as Instructional, Transformational, Strategic, Educative, and Servant Leadership. Whilst valuable as ways of conceptualising leadership styles, worldviews, traits, roles and functions of individual principals, these models fall short of capturing the dynamic between the outcomes of leadership and the leadership process in contemporary school contexts. Distributed leadership theory is held by many to be more attuned to the post-industrial needs of organisations, and its influence on educational research has seen the emergence of new ways of comprehending leadership in schools. One influential example is ‘parallel leadership’, a derivative of distributed leadership that describes teachers as leaders of curriculum and pedagogy and principals as metastrategic leaders. This study looks specifically at the leadership processes of a small sample of principals in the process of school revitalisation titled IDEAS (Innovative Designs for Enhancing the Achievements of Schools). A key motivation for this study was that the concept of ‘parallel leadership’ had been subjected to little serious critique. Uncertainty surrounded how principals in IDEAS schools conceptualised their leadership, and what impacts experience with the IDEAS Project has on conceptions of leadership. The purpose of this study was to tease out the meanings that a sample of principals gave to their highly complex role as principal, whilst engaging with the concept of ‘parallel leadership’ during their schools’ implementations of IDEAS. The Research Problem was stated as: What conceptions of principal leadership arise out of a sample of principals’ experiences with a process of school revitalisation that emphasises a distributed approach to school leadership? The overarching inquiry took the form of a multi-case or collective case study and comprised four principals who had engaged with IDEAS over a period of at least two years. Data collection strategies included the in-depth interview, which was chosen as the primary method for informants to describe their perceptions of their leadership, together with concept mapping and a structured interview that was utilised to gain staff perceptions of informants’ leadership. Methods of analysis involved detailed transcriptions of taped interviews and tools derived from the literature review that were used to code and categorise the texts of interviews.Crowther et al. (2001) proposed a Model of Successful School Revitalisation as a result of their research conducted under the auspices of the Australian Research Council and Commonwealth Department of Education, Training and Youth Affairs (DETYA). Source: (Crowther, Hann & McMaster 2001, p. 141). First, the Model identifies principal leadership and teacher leadership as each having concrete meaning and significance and that success occurs through a mutual and respectful association. This relationship is captured by the authors in the new concept of ‘parallel leadership’. Second, the Model makes clear a view that effective school leadership impacts three school processes that are conceptualised as culture building, shared approach to pedagogy and schoolwide learning. Third, the Model proposes that through the enrichment and integration of these three processes school outcomes are enhanced.This study focussed on the principal leadership aspect of ‘parallel leadership’ and resulted in a Model of Metastrategic Principal Leadership that conceptualises the intersection of principal leadership and the ideas process which Crowther et al. described as the Stimulus.The present study thereby extends the definition of ‘parallel leadership’ by describing how principals contribute to transformations of leadership, learning, and pedagogy through three principal-led processes. The proposed Model of Metastrategic Principal Leadership suggests that when activated by a principal’s continuous professional learning the combination of the interactions of personal style (Personal), the process of revitalisation (Processual), and personal conceptualisation of role (Conceptual) result in principal-led processes that support successful school revitalisation. The three principal-led processes that were uncovered are described as re-imaging school leadership, support of organisation-wide learning, and management of meaning.The researcher hopes the outcomes of the study will be of benefit to principals and teachers in the increasing numbers of schools now engaging with IDEAS across Australia and internationally. A further hope is that the present study’s descriptions of new ways of comprehending leadership in schools might be of assistance to school practitioners seeking to move from traditional to distributed forms of leadership and also educational theorists who are working in the field of school improvement.

I en föränderlig värld är det viktigt att snabbt möta skiftande krav och

att medarbetare är initiativrika, menar både företagare och forskare.

Medarbetare som gör mer än plikten kräver och tar egna initiativ,

uppvisar Innovative Work Behaviour (IWB). Syftet med studien var

att undersöka om organisationsfaktorerna autonomi, öppet klimat och

rolltvetydighet kan förklara variationer i IWB, med hänsyn taget till

en individuell faktor. Samtliga variabler mättes genom ett

frågeformulär online i ett stickprov om 119 personer.

Korrelationsberäkningar visar att samtliga organisationsfaktorer har

signifikanta samband med IWB. En regressionsanalys visar att det är

individfaktorn som har störst prediktionskraft, följt av öppet klimat,

autonomi och bakgrundsvariabeln personalansvar. Studien visar att

både personlighet och villkor i arbetet har betydelse för IWB.

As a full-time Professor of Mathematics Education, as well as a part-time eighth grade (13 and 14 year olds) mathematics teacher, I have the opportunity to experience the teaching profession from “both sides of the fence.” My university courses are enhanced by my work in the field, while my eighth graders’ learning is strengthened by educational principles studied at the university. In this paper (and presentation), I will explain this partnership and the benefits to both audiences.

The ability to innovate in any organization is directly related to a continuous flow of new ideas capable of responding to opportunities for new products. However, the successful development of innovative products requires more than just generate ideas, other characteristics of the process must be considered. To help understand these characteristics, a Framework to Support the generation of innovative ideas based on two pillars is developed: Conceptual Modelling and Conceptual Modelling applied. The framework is based on three key dimensions: Influential Factors; Methods, Techniques and Tools for Innovation; and Generation of Innovative Ideas. These dimensions are composed of variables, which together help to guide companies in the process of generating innovative ideas. Although cannot be generalized to all organizations, the study contributes empirically to the subject of the first stage of the Innovation Process.
La capacidad de innovar de cualquier organización está directamente relacionada con un flujo continuo de nuevas ideas capaces de responder a las oportunidades de nuevos productos. Sin embargo, el éxito del desarrollo de productos innovadores, más que simplemente generar ideas requiere que otras características del proceso sean consideradas. Para ayudar a entender estas características, se desarrolla en esta investigación un Framework de Apoyo a la Generación de Ideas Innovadoras sobre dos pilares: Modelado Conceptual y el Modelado Conceptual Aplicado. El framework se basa en tres dimensiones: Factores Influyentes; Métodos, Técnicas y Herramientas para la Innovación; y Generación de Ideas Innovadoras. Estas dimensiones están compuestas de variables, que en su conjunto ayudan a dirigir las empresas en el proceso de generación de ideas innovadoras con más agilidad. Aunque no se pueda generalizar a todas las organizaciones, el estudio contribuye empíricamente al tema de la primera etapa del Proceso de Innovación.

碩士
國立清華大學
資訊科學系
85
In the past few years, the Internet and World Wide Web (www)have become more and more popular. At the same time, The Web has become an improtant infrastructure for distributed computing, as it provides rich machine resources connected via Internet. How to partition the problems and to distribute tasks to machine resources on internet are recently the important issues. There are two opposite sides, server side and client side, to perform the informatiom and computing power sharing on the Web. The Common Gateway Interface(CGI) on server side cooperate with the HTTP daemon to proces the request from Web client. On the client side, the Java technology has gained an important role for developments of future Web and Internet softwares as well as for the support of parallel and distibuted computings. In this thesis, we investigate how the emerging Web technologies can be integrated with parallel compilers, which have long been a major focus in our lab. We come up with tow innovative ideas in integrating Web technologies with parallel compilers. First, we demonstrate a server side compiler and environment to optimize HPF programs. The environment is machine-independent and with interactive environ-ment. Second, we propose optimizations with parallel Java environments on the client side. A collection of generic matrix classes written in Java and a runtime environment are presented to support automatic parallelization of sparse computations on distributed environments.

Innovation processes require organizations to transcend current boundaries. These include not only technological as well as social limitations but -above all- the way we address the future. We are used to face the future with our existing knowledge and experiences from the past. This strategy, however, can hardly lead to knowledge off the beaten path. We therefore suggest a new learning approach for organizations which enables to literally envision a desired future scenario and thus, allows for the creation of radical new knowledge. In this paper we focus on organizational learning towards the future and compare its output with traditional learning from the past. Based on the idea of Learning from the Future (Greenleaf, 1977; Jaworski, 1998; C. O. Scharmer & Kaeufer, 2013; Senge, Scharmer, Jaworski, & Flowers., 2005) we extend the organizational learning process with an additional source of learning. By interacting with an ideal envisioned future, individuals are enabled to detach particularly from their doubts, concerns and restrictions grounded in their past experiences, which in turn clarifies the necessary actions to realize this desired scenario. We have been successfully applying Learning from Interacting with an Envisioned Future, in short Learning from an Envisioned Future, to various problem settings and different project sizes. (Kaiser, Fordinal, & Kragulj, 2014) We argue that our method leads to new knowledge which generally yields a higher degree of novelty and radicalness. In order to support our assumption we present our findings from comparing the output of Learning from an Envisioned Future and learning from the past. For this study we use data from an on ongoing organizational learning project we are currently conducting with a high school in Austria. (Kaiser & Kragulj, 2015) To investigate whether the approaches lead to considerably different results in terms of quality and quantity we apply the Paradigm Relatedness Framework by Nagasundaram & Bostrom (1994). By using this method, we assess the novelty and degrees of "radical change" for the system induced by the individual ideas and compare the overall output in a systematic way. The research question of our paper is the following: How does the use of Learning from Interacting with an Envisioned Future as an additional learning mode support the quality and quantity of innovative ideas? Does the output of both learning modes differ in terms of quality and quantity so that they could be used together in order to provide a more holistic knowledge creation? Initial findings suggest that Learning from an Envisioned Future does produce significantly more output modifying the dominant paradigms in the school system compared to the output we gained from the conventional learning approach. Thus, we reason that Learning from an Envisioned Future yields more potential to knowledge that can be regarded as radically new. Our paper will be structured in the following way. Firstly, we will discuss the theoretical background of our advanced approach of Learning from an Envisioned Future. Secondly, we will describe the ongoing research project with an Austrian high school as a qualitative case study. Subsequently, we will extensively compare the results of the two learning approaches we facilitated in the case study in terms of their quantity and quality measured by the Paradigm Relatedness Framework.

碩士
中華大學
行政管理學系碩士班
99
This research explores innovative ideas and development models of “Creative City”, using ZMET(Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation Technique) which is developed in the 1990s by marketing scholar Zaltman .ZMET is a method developed to understand people by eliciting metaphors that reveal important aspects of their underlying mental models with images .Researcher utilized ZMET incorporating one-on-one “in-depth interviews” with six high involvement person in the city .And the study found that the most important elements of creative cities from ZMET interviews are “environment”, “environmental protection” , “life” and “art and culture”. Reviewing the interview process, we found that basically the respondents shape Creative City with environment and culture, rather than technology or economy into consideration. “Friendly urban landscape”, “the unique culture and history” and “the convenience of daily life and work” should be features as required content in Creative City. Therefore, compared with relevant quantitative findings, the conclusions of this study not only can be confirmed , but also provide a richer understanding of the content. In other words, the validity of the application with ZMET which was used to explore people’s ideas of Creative City got an initial proof.

碩士
大葉大學
設計暨藝術學院碩士在職專班
102
Jason Hu, Mayor of Taichung City, Taiwan (R.O.C.), declared that he decided to build a modern Hakka circular earth building with air-conditioning, not the ancient one which built with rammed earth, which will be suitable for modern life by utilizing contemporary architecture and technology. He wants to show the uniqueness of Hakka culture with Hakka architectural concepts. Clearly, rammed earth has not been considered as the essence of earth building at all. As the matter of fact, the exterior wall of earth building built with rammed earth does not only isolate and absorb the heat but also adjust temperature inside the room, so air conditioning is not required. It can also release and absorb moisture depending on the humidity, thus no dehumidifier is needed. Since the ingredients of rammed earth such as red mud, coarse sand and lime are all local materials, the carbon footprint is minimized. Due to all of them are good fertilizers, they can be granulated to reuse as fertilizers after the demolition of earth building. Rammed earth is so environmentally friendly that there is no any waste material at all. It is hard to show the architectural concepts of Hakka earth building without using rammed earth as what Hu said? A solution of the difficulty is adopting the perspective of aesthetic economy to build a Hakka circular earth building museum experience with current animation and other creative lively demonstration to show the green architectural wonder of Hakka earth building. Innovative display technology can be utilized to make enchantment virtual experience for visitors in order to achieve the purpose of ecological education amazingly. Consequently, the circular earth building experience museum with the theme of Hakka ecological intelligence may certainly become one of worldwide prevalent tourist attractions as Hu’ s wish. In addition, straw bricks, which have the similar brilliant functions of rammed earth, combining with steel structure can be considered as an appropriate substitute for constructing the external wall of the “modern Hakka circular earth building”. Then, it will truly become unique circular earth building in the World as Hu desires. Concerning with Hu’s initiative of “modern Hakka circular earth building”, this thesis applies content analysis to analyze network news in order to clarify the tangled issues and to resolve the doubts as far as possible. Based on my previous field research of earth building, study of ethnic culture, as well as the inspiration from literature review in recent years, I recommend adopting the ideas about aesthetic economy, experience-oriented museum and green trend to build the Hakka circular earth building experience museum in agreement with “modernization” as Hu advertized. In view of that, Hu's ambition will be realized.

碩士
中國文化大學
國際貿易學系
104
Not many countries in the world possess the capability of IC industry. Furthermore, only very few counties own the complete system for IC development and production. US, China, Japan, Korea and Taiwan are amongst these few countries. Taiwan is the second leading country in the world for its mass production of IT hardware. The amounts of semiconductor, photonic, computer and communication appliance being produced from Taiwan account for more than 70% of the overall world yield. In addi-tion, the output values of IC design from Taiwan also account for up to 20% of world value. These achievements reflect the excellency of our electronics industry in both the soft power and the hard power. This study uses Dynamic Network Data Envelopment Analysis Method to assay the operating performance of electronics industry. This work also measures the correlation between operating performance and innovative output (patent). Moreover, we assay the discrepancies of output value in the six main categories of electronics industry including computer & computer peripherals, communication network, semiconductor, flat panel display equipment, light emitting diode (LED), and others to realize the differences in their performance. Our empirical studies show a sig-nificantly positive correlation between innovation capability and firm profitability. Transformation of industry also affects the industry performances. In view of method-ologies, Data Envelopment Analysis Method appears superior to conventional Black-Box Method as it is able to achieve more precise performance measurement. The structure of this empirical study can be applied to evaluate the management performance of other types of industry.

碩士
中華大學
科技管理學系碩士在職專班
100
Through literature review, questionnaire, statistics, and analysis, the present study aimed to explore the recent status of classroom management strategies, and the current status of integrating innovative ideas into classroom management, and the relationship among effective factors of integrating innovative ideas into classroom management utilized by homeroom teachers in junior high school. The subjects were 404 homeroom teachers in public junior high schools in Taichung. The instruments included “the scale of junior high school homeroom teachers’ classroom management strategies”, “the scale of junior high school homeroom teachers integrating innovative ideas into classroom management,” and “the variables affecting scale of integrating innovative ideas into classroom management. Several statistical techniques used to analyze the data were descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson’s product-moment correlation. The results of this study are shown as follows: 1. The recent status of Junior high school homeroom teachers utilizing classroom management strategies is good. 2. The effectiveness of integrating innovative ideas into classroom management of junior high school homeroom teachers is above average. 3. There is no significant difference in gender and marital status of the variety background junior high school homeroom teachers utilizing classroom management strategies. However, there were significantly differences in age, academic qualification, and number of teaching years. 4. There are significant differences in gender, age, martial status, academic qualification, and number of teaching years of various background junior high school homeroom teachers integrating innovative ideas into classroom management. 5. The level of three variable factors, including personal attitude factors, school environment factors, and external environmental factors, of junior high school homeroom teachers integrating innovative ideas into classroom management reach average degree. . 6. The five levels of junior high school homeroom teachers integrating innovative ideas into classroom management and three variable factors have positively correlated. According to the results of this study, the researcher also lists some suggestions to educational practitioners, school administrations, and future researchers.

Recent academic literature shows that patients and caregivers are a significant source of innovative solutions related to their medical condition. To date, little is known about the process by which these innovations emerge, how they diffuse, and how they impact the lives of patients and caregivers. In this work we follow a multiple-­‐case study approach to map a set of patient innovations and adoptions of patient innovation cases, and systematically explore how and how far patient and caregivers innovate in the health care field. In addition, we propose some explanations for why patients and caregivers stop at a certain stage of progression of the innovation process. We conducted 15 extensive semi-­‐structured interviews with patients and caregivers of the following group of diseases: spinal cord injuries, Angelman syndrome, epidermolysis bullosa, and hemiparesis. These individuals shared with us their experiences with their disease and their efforts, or the lack of them, to overcome specific problems related to their health condition. This includes 4 “holistic” case studies and 26 “embedded” case studies. With the information from these cases, we analyze patient innovation paths and present them in the fall-­‐offs conceptual framework. Through a cross-­‐case analysis, we find that duration of the experience with the disease, complexity and pressure of a certain situation, belonging to a group or a community, and perceived value of a solution are among the most important reasons that impact how far patients and caregivers take their innovations’ process. As a result of our multiple-­‐case analysis we present a set of propositions from which future research in the field could be based. This research was conducted in the context of the Patient Innovation Research Project, which includes a non-­‐profit international and multilingual platform, designed to allow patients and caregivers to share the solutions they developed to fight their diseases. The main take ways presented here, and its implications, will be further developed to be presented to the Advisory Board of Patient Innovation, which include six renowned scholars and scientists, including two Nobel Laureates.
A investigação no campo da inovação por utilizadores demonstra que, na área da saúde, pacientes e cuidadores são uma importante fonte de soluções inovadoras. No entanto, ainda há muito para explorar no que diz respeito aos processos que os pacientes e cuidadores utilizam para desenvolver as suas soluções, como é que estes as difundem, e o impacto que as mesmas têm nas suas vidas. Neste contexto pretende-­‐se, através de um estudo de múltiplos casos, mapear um conjunto de casos de inovações e soluções adoptadas por pacientes e cuidadores, explorar metodologicamente a natureza inovadora e até onde são levadas estas soluções, e identificar o impacto que têm na vida dos mesmos. Além disso, procuramos também identificar as razões que explicam porque é que os pacientes e utilizadores param nas diferentes fases do processo de inovação. Realizámos 15 entrevistas semiestruturadas a pacientes e cuidadores de diferentes patologias: Lesões Vertebro-­‐Medulares, Síndrome de Angelman, Epidermólise Bolhosa e Hemiparesia. Estes relataram as suas experiências com a doença que os afecta e com os efeitos da mesma, e descreveram os seus esforços e estratégias, ou a falta deles, para ultrapassarem problemas específicos que surgem com o seu estado de saúde. A análise inclui 4 casos “holísticos” e 26 subcasos incluídos em 11 casos. Com a informação recolhida nestes casos, analisamos a diversidade de caminhos que os pacientes podem seguir com as suas inovações, e apresentamos os diferentes casos na estrutura conceptual dos fall-­‐offs. Através de uma análise comparativa dos casos, constatámos que o tempo à qual são afectados pela doença, a complexidade e a pressão das diferentes situações, o facto de pertencer a uma comunidade ou um grupo de doentes, e o valor que é dado à solução, entre outras razões, explicam porque é que alguns pacientes e cuidadores vão mais longe que outros no seu processo de inovação. Por fim, este estudo apresenta um conjunto de propostas que visam fundamentar e potenciar futuros estudos na área de inovação em saúde por pacientes e cuidadores. Este estudo foi realizado no âmbito do projecto de investigação Patient Innovation., que inclui a plataforma internacional e multilingue, desenvolvida para facilitar a partilha de soluções que pacientes e cuidadores criam para lidar com as dificuldades impostas pelas suas doenças. Os resultados e conclusões deste trabalho continuarão a ser desenvolvidos para depois serem apresentados ao Advisory Board da Patient Innovation, que inclui seis académicos e cientistas de renome, incluindo dois Prémios Nobel.

碩士
中原大學
教育研究所
100
This study is to discuss the elementary school beginning principals’ concepts of school innovation management, strategies, the obstacles they encountered and how they coped with. The purpose of the research is to provide the results to the educational authorities, beginning principals in the elementary schools and the related people as references when it comes to innovation management. The research was conducted with the self-edited semi-unstructured interviews as tool, the interviewees are the principals in Taoyuan county, three administrative employees, three students and four representatives from the parents of the students. The conclusion is as follows: 1. Three phases of developing the concepts of the principals’ innovation: the incubation phase of the germinations of the innovation ideas, the phase of breaking through traditions and the glittering phase of founding the educational value. 2. The innovation management concepts of the beginning principals: The principals highly valued the teachers and emphasized the ability of the teachers. Besides, they provide the multiple learning opportunities and performance stages for students. Moreover, they take care of the minority and implement the equalities of education. They lay emphasis on harmony among people, participating actively in all kinds of activities, carrying out the discussion of meetings, having the mutual agreements with the teachers, and encouraging teachers to think positively. Additionally, they pay much attention to the ecological environment on campus, highlighting aesthetic education. Active attitude is the best way to find funding and it’s also important to build up good relationship with the parents and the community. 3. The strategies of the beginning principals’ school innovation management: The beginning principals provide the teachers resources for advanced learning. For students, they emphasize the moral education, reading, various clubs, providing the platforms for performances, learning with parents, promoting the traditional puppet shows and endeavoring for resources to take care of the minority. In administration aspect, the principals show thoughtfulness for the co-workers, having self as the model and laying importance on the marketing mechanism of the school. In campus environment, they have “the legendary of ten beauties”, the entirety and safety as the principles. Students’ learning is main concern. They also activized the existing space, actively and passionately endeavoring for funding, trying to find the human resources for the school and also being friendly to the neighborhood. 4. The differences between the beginning principals and others: The beginning principals have special characteristics, which do themselves good to promote the innovation strategies. First, they analyze the pros and cons of the school, combining the ecological environment, editing the vision of the school, good at promoting and marketing, having a concrete and strong administrative team. 5. The challenges that the beginning principals encountered: The teachers have long experiences of teaching. The location of the school is relative remote; therefore, the teachers tend to be conservative and unwilling to change. It’s harder for students to show self-confidence. The number of the administrative employees is inadequate. Due to the lack of funding, the school doesn’t have proper hardware. The number of the volunteers and the interaction with the community are little; therefore, it results in that the volunteers or the neighborhood don’t care about the learning of students. According to the results mentioned above, the researcher hopes it can provide the educational anthorities, the beginning principals in elementary schools and the related people as references for promoting school innovation management.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1995.
Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 193-199).

碩士
輔仁大學
日本語文學系碩士班
106
The Small-medium Enterprises (SMEs) of Taiwan and Japan largely influence economic development in Taiwan and Japan. In 2017, according to the White Paper On SMEs in Taiwan and Japan, the amount of the SMEs of Taiwan accounted for 97.73 percent of the total enterprises in Taiwan, and the amount of SMEs of Japan accounted for 99.7 percent of the total enterprises in Japan. In both Taiwan and Japan it is obvious that SMEs are greatly important to their respective economies. This is because SMEs are more flexible than larger enterprises and can innovate by coordinating management strategies based on the international environment. Because there is a great difference between the management culture of Taiwan and Japan, I want to analyze these different cultures by focusing on the innovative ideas of each. Although the definition of SMEs is different in every country and industry, the management of the SMEs is similar all over the world. The biggest advantage of the SMEs is their high maneuverability. This means that they can change their management policies easily in accordance with the international environment and quickly match the market flow of larger companies, thanks to the SMEs' small scale. However, because the SMEs have such a small scale, they can’t do much new business or investment smoothly because of lacking funds, and this is the SMEs' greatest weakness. Therefore, this paper will compare the culture of SMEs in both Taiwan and Japan by focusing on the innovative policies of the SMEs from both governments and analyze the difference between the SMEs of Taiwan and Japan in both innovation and ideas.

碩士
元智大學
資訊傳播學系
92
Under the pressure of the market free competition, the mobile operators need to keep the high competitiveness . With the mobile operators move toward to a value-added services direction, the marketing team members need more creativity, and understand the applications of technology. With in-depth interview, this study was explored the organizational innovation system of mobile operators, the process of the creative ideas taken place, and the key factors influence innovation produced in marketing team.The result of this study was concluded and suggested as follows: 1) every interviewed company has a reward system, but the implementation actually is generally insufficient. These firms must need to improve their execution; 2) innovative ideas need to concrete and feasible scheme. Usually, they are through constant revises in intention; 3) key factors influencing innovative ideas produced in marketing team are suggested to improve as follows: first of all, from the personnel issue view, marketing team members must grasp industry trend, find out about new technology, dare to express his/her idea or opinions, be open-minded, and step into fields to communicate, coordinate and integrate the personal ability for carrying out. Secondly, from organizational operation view, organizations need to take risks, believe in the staff and fully empower, set up a set of clear performance system, tolerate personal differences, respect the different comments or suggestions, reduce hierarchy of management, encourage employees to innovate, and so on.

碩士
國立成功大學
工業設計學系碩博士班
93
Peter F. Drucker said : The core competence of every organization is different, however, the essential core competence of all organizations is innovation. All organizations have to develop the methods to record and measure how the performance of innovation is. We could learn from the above that innovation and how to measure are very important for the enterprise. 　　Most scholars and enterprises all recognize that innovative product development is a key for a company to survive. But the amount of money which is invested in innovative products by the traditional industries in Taiwan is lower than 0.4 percent of turnover. The most important reason is the lower probability of successful innovative products. Therefore, if the probability of successful innovative products can be increased more effectively, that will help traditional industries become more competitive by investing in R&D. The major purposes of this research have two folds: One is to inject the “Innovative Ideas Screening Model ” which can help the strategists of the traditional industries to evaluate effectively the probability of successful innovative products into traditional industries; The other is to conduct a complete applied standard which can help strategists to realize the potential for each successful products. 　　The empirical study is adapted in this research. Through secondary information analyses and deep interviews, concerned products cases are collected. The products cases which are discussed in this research are “EUPA” and “LaNew”. We prove that the “Innovative Ideas Screening Model” is suitable for traditional industries and frame a complete process for using this model. We expect this model could be a useful tool to evaluate and forecast effectively when the traditional industries want to develop a new product. This research is a beginning for applying this evaluating model to other kinds of industries.

碩士
中華大學
經營管理研究所
98
ABSTRACT This research adopts a method of quality research. The researcher interviewed an elementary school’s principle who won the prize as an outstanding leader honored by the Ministry of Education, his school also won the prize of ICT model school for their creative teaching . Purpose of this study are four：1.Principal’s concept of creative education.2.Principal’s strategies and approaches for creative education.3.Creative education outcomes and blind spots in this case.4.Provide school leaders and educational authorities suggestions for creativity education. According to author's analysis of interview notes and the author's collected information, The results of this study，the Key Success Factors of Principal With the following three points: First of all, follow the example of the concept of enterprise management, the “Smile Curve”management model. Second, Enthusiasm on creativity education. The end, through professional dialogue, experience sharing, and professional education and training to enhance the creativity of teachers. Although there are different opinions, but these will not hinder the creativity of Education case determination of the principals. I also felt that the principal cases of successful experience in creative education. Enough to become the benchmark school of creative education. Finally, this study proposes four-point proposal:1. Creativity education needs to introduce more innovative concepts.2. Attitude of teachers, need to quickly improve especially in the Innovative teaching and thinking.3.Construction of school vision to creative education, Following the example of the business enterprise spirit of CEO.4. Education Authorities should continue to promote creative education. These are for researchers continue to study and principals and educational institutions in Taiwan to make decision. Keywords:Creativity, Creativity Education, Innovation Management, KMS management system.

碩士
中華大學
企業管理學系碩士班
102
The main purpose of the research is to discuss the key to impetus Innovation ,Creativity and Imbark courses(Shorten as: TRI ) into the post-secondary and to show the possible way lead to the seamless trail connection between the production mission, the government and the education institutions. The different ministries in our government(Ministry of Education、Ministry of Science and Technology、Youth Development Administration, Ministry of Education、Small and Medium Enterprise Administration、Workforce Development Agency..etc) have been promoting plans such as Innovative Imbark rooted and encouraged projects which are impetused to the Universities (Special)and Colleges、The project of Graduated-student Imbark 、the seminar courses of Innovative Imbark Business and the promotion and encouragement of the policy about the Innovative thinking integration centre. It allows the Innovative Imbark Business, which has always been thought of as the fresh current of Economic in the country to enter the Universities (Special)and Colleges systems, and then further seriously stimulate the Innovative thinking integration center. In this research, the preliminary assessment is to establish a hierarchical structure through the literature review and the collection of related information , using the level analysis procedural law (Preference Relation Analytic Hierarchy Process, PR AHP) to carry on the analysis. The object groups to the research are the school decision-making managers, the correlation power and the commanders of concerned agencies, teachers, serial entrepreneurs, Administration staffs and the official policy-executed commanders ; After arranging the related information that are used and found during the research, the results point out the weights ranking order in the overall assessment listed as followed: "The dimension of building TRI system and execute it into educational services "、" The dimension of resources in the industries"、" The dimension of resources in the government "、" The dimension of putting TRI education into educational services". Anticipating to know whether there's possibility that the research could have provided some information to the government and the commanders would take it as reference. What's more, we look forward to seeing the government using the research findings to actively promote the competitive in Imbark Business among the new and youth generation ,impetus the international competitive of employment, and the capable of having strict connection to the world.