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Статті в журналах з теми "Extraits aqueux":
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Mohammed, B., M. M. Adua, S. E. Alu, D. Gambo, S. I. Musa, and R. A. Ofukwu. "Comparative efficacy of amprolium and crude extracts of Prosopis africana leaf for the treatment of West African dwarf goats infected with coccidial oocysts." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 49, no. 1 (February 25, 2022): 124–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i1.3410.
Анотація:
This study aimed at evaluating the comparative efficacy of amprolium and crude extracts of Prosopis africana (Iron tree) leaves in the treatment of West African dwarf goats infected with coccidial oocysts. The efficacy of amprolium, aqueous and methanolic extracts were tested using a total of 20 West African dwarf goats (WAD) of both sexes. The goats were randomly divided into five groups comprising of four goats each for amprolium, aqueous and methanolic extracts. Coccidial oocyst count reduction per gram of faeces was determined. Data collected were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) procedure in SPSS software version 22. The ever increasing cases of coccidiosis in goat's especially young goats have continued to be a source of worry for rural livestock farmers. This is so because they could not afford the available synthetic anticoccidial due to high cost and the chemical residue concerned in animal products and environmental pollution have awaken interest in medicinal plants as an alternative anticoccidial. The result revealed the presence of flavonoids, Saponins and tannins in all the extracts but absence of alkaloids in fresh and dried aqueous extracts except methanolic extract and also absence of glycosides in all the extracts. Maximum percent oocyst count reduction of 93.54% and 99.38% on day six and day eight post treatments (PT) were recorded in goats treated with 100mg/kg b.w. of the fresh leaves aqueous extract and amprolium respectively. It was concluded that the leaves extracts of Prosopis afracana had anticoccidial efficacy that is comparable with the amprolium.
Cette étude visait à évaluer l'efficacité comparative de l'amprolium et des extraits crus de feuilles de Prosopis africana (arbre de fer) dans le traitement des chèvres naines d'Afrique de l'Ouest infectées par des oocystes coccidiaux. L'efficacité des extraits d'amprolium, aqueux et méthanolique a été testée sur un total de 20 chèvres naines d'Afrique de l'Ouest (NAO) des deux sexes. Les chèvres ont été réparties au hasard en cinq groupes comprenant chacun quatre chèvres pour les extraits d'amprolium, aqueux et méthanolique. La réduction du nombre d'oocystes coccidiens par gramme de matières fécales a été déterminée. Les données recueillies ont été soumises à une procédure d'analyse de variance à un facteur (ANOVA) dans la version 22 du logiciel SPSS. En effet, ils ne pouvaient pas se permettre l'anticoccidien synthétique disponible en raison du coût élevé et les résidus chimiques concernés dans les produits animaux et la pollution de l'environnement ont suscité l'intérêt pour les plantes médicinales comme anticoccidien alternatif. Le résultat a révélé la présence de flavonoïdes, de saponines et de tanins dans tous les extraits mais l'absence d'alcaloïdes dans les extraits aqueux frais et séchés à l'exception de l'extrait méthanolique et également l'absence deglycosides dans tous les extraits. Le pourcentage maximum de réduction du nombre d'oocystes de 93,54 % et de 99,38 % au jour six et au jour huit après les traitements (AT) a été enregistré chez les chèvres traitées avec 100 mg/kg de poids corporel de l'extrait aqueux de feuilles fraîches et de l'amprolium respectivement. Il a été conclu que les extraits de feuilles de Prosopis afracana avaient une efficacité anticoccidienne comparable à celle de l'amprolium.
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TANGARA, Dougoutigui, Amadou DIOP, Harouna TIRERA, Benoît Yaranga KOUMARE, Mohamed El Bechir NACO, Djibril FALL, Serigne Omar SARR, and Yérim Mbagnick DIOP. "Borreria verticillata plante médicinale sénégalaise : Étude de l'activité antioxydante d'extraits méthanoliques, chloroformiques, aqueux et acétates de la plante entière (racine, tige, feuille, fleurs)." Journal of Applied Biosciences 171 (March 31, 2022): 17812–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/jabs.171.4.
Анотація:
Objectifs : Le but principal de notre étude était de contribuer à la valorisation du potentiel thérapeutique par étude de l'activité antioxydante d'extraits (méthanoliques, chloroformiques, aqueux, acétates) de la plante entière (racine, tige, feuille, fleurs) de Borreria verticillata, plante médicinale sénégalaise. Méthodologie et résultats : L’activité antioxydante des extraits de Borreria verticillata a été déterminée par le test d’inhibition du DPPH utilisant l'acide ascorbique comme standard. Les absorbances ont été mesurées à la spectrophotométrie UV/Vis. L’acide ascorbique a inhibé plus fortement le radical DPPH avec une valeur de CI50 de 0,15 µg/ml. Les extraits acétate d’éthyle, aqueux, méthanolique et chloroformique avaient présenté respectivement des CI50 de 4,44 µg/ml, 5,23 µg/ml, 5,39 µg/ml et 8,82 µg/ml, Cette étude a montré que les extraits d’acétate d’éthyle, aqueux et méthanolique se sont révélés plus actifs sur l’inhibition du DPPH que l’extrait chloroformique. Conclusion et applications : Ces extraits inhibent l'absorbance du DPPH• selon des concentrations attestant que les extraits de cette plante contiennent des antioxydants. Les extraits de Borreria verticillata ont présenté des capacités antioxydantes importantes. Ces potentiels antioxydants pourraient justifier son utilisation en médecine traditionnelle. La connaissance de cette plante pourrait être utilisée pour construire une stratégie de conservation appropriée pour cette espèce. Des essais d’isolement de molécules actives à partir des extraits les plus actifs sur l’inhibition du DPPH pourraient permettre d’élucider la nature chimique des principes actifs. En perspective, il serait nécessaire de poursuivre ce travail en vue de l’identification des substances responsables des activités observées par les utilisateurs en médecine traditionnelle sénégalaise. Mots clés : Borreria verticillata, plante médicinale sénégalaise, DPPH, activité antioxydante, 17812 Tangara et al., J. Appl. Biosci. Vol: 171, 2022 Borreria verticillata plante médicinale sénégalaise : Étude de l'activité antioxydante d'extraits méthanoliques, chloroformiques, aqueux et acétates de la plante entière (racine, tige, feuille, fleurs) Borreria verticillata Senegalese medicinal plant: Study of the antioxidant activity of methanolic, chloroform, aqueous and acetate extracts from the whole plant (root, stem, leaf, flowers). ABSTRACT Objectives: The main goal of our study was to contribute to the enhancement of the therapeutic potential by studying the antioxidant activity of extracts (methanolic, chloroformic, aqueous, acetates) of the whole plant (root, stem, leaf, flowers) of Borreria verticillata, Senegalese medicinal plant. Methodology and Results: The antioxidant activity of Borreria verticillata extracts was determined by the DPPH inhibition test using ascorbic acid as a standard. The absorbances were measured by UV / Vis spectrophotometry. Ascorbic acid inhibited the DPPH radical more strongly with an IC50 value of 0.15 µg / ml. The ethyl acetate, aqueous, methanolic and chloroform extracts had respectively shown IC50s of 4.44 µg / ml, 5.23 µg / ml, 5.39 µg / ml and 8.82 µg / ml, This study showed that the ethyl acetate extracts, aqueous and methanolic were found to be more active on the inhibition of DPPH than the chloroform extract. Conclusion and application of results: These extracts inhibit the absorbance of DPPH • according to concentrations attesting that the extracts of this plant contain antioxidants. Borreria verticillata extracts have shown significant antioxidant capacities. These potential antioxidants could justify its use in traditional medicine. Knowledge of this plant could be used to construct an appropriate conservation strategy for this species. Tests for the isolation of active molecules from the extracts that are most active in inhibiting DPPH could help to elucidate the chemical nature of the active ingredients. In perspective, it would be necessary to continue this work with a view to identifying the substances responsible for the activities observed by users in traditional Senegalese medicine. Keywords: Borreria verticillata, Senegalese medicinal plant, DPPH, antioxidant activity
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Agban, Amégninou, Yao Hoekou, Passimna Pissang, Tchadjobo Tchacondo, and Komlan Batawila. "Evaluation du potentiel antimicrobien et de la toxicité des extraits de Jatropha multifida Linn, (Euphorbiaceae)." Journal of Applied Biosciences 151 (July 31, 2020): 15550–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/jabs.151.4.
Анотація:
Objectif : L’objectif de ce travail était d’évaluer in vitro l’activité antimicrobienne des extraits de feuilles et tige de Jatropha multifida sur la croissance de Candida albicans, Escherichia coli et Staphylococcus aureus, puis d’évaluer in vivo la toxicité de cette plante. Méthodologie et résultats : Les méthodes de diffusion en milieu gélosé et de microdilution en milieu liquide ont été utilisées pour évaluer l’effet antimicrobien. Une étude en subaigüe était réalisée afin d’explorer les effets toxiques de l’extrait aqueux des feuilles. Les résultats des tests antimicrobiens montrent une activité des extraits de feuilles et tige de J. multifida sur la croissance des souches utilisées avec des diamètres de zones d’inhibition allant de 8 à 25 mm et des concentrations minimales inhibitrices (CMI) variant de 0,039 mg/mL à 1,25 mg/mL à l’exception des souches de E. coli qui sont résistantes aux extraits de la tige. L’administration en subaigüe de l’extrait aqueux des feuilles de J. multifida à la dose de 600 mg/kg entraîne une perte significative de poids chez les souris. Conclusion et applications des résultats : Les extraits aqueux, éthanolique et hydroéthanolique des feuilles et tige de J. multifida possèdent d’activité antimicrobienne et pourraient être utilisés dans le traitement des Candidoses à C. albicans et des infections à S. aureus. Mais l’essai de toxicité subaigüe montre que l’extrait aqueux de la plante serait toxique. Des études toxicologiques approfondies restent donc nécessaires sur ces extraits afin de mieux élucider leur inocuité. Mots-clés : Jatropha multifida, extraits de feuilles et de tige, activités antifongique et antibactérienne, toxicité. Agban et al., J. Appl. Biosci. 2020 Evaluation du potentiel antimicrobien et de la toxicité des extraits de Jatropha multifida Linn, (Euphorbiaceae) 15551 Evaluation of antimicrobial potential and toxicity of Jatropha multifida Linn, (Euphorbiaceae) extracts ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro the antimicrobial activity of leaves and stem of Jatropha multifida extracts against Candida albicans, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and then to evaluate in vivo the toxicity of this plant. Methodology and Results: The agar well-diffusion and the NCCLS broth microdilution methods were used to assess the antimicrobial effect. A subacute study was carried out to explore the toxic effects of the aqueous extract of the leaves. The results of the antimicrobial tests show an activity of the extracts of leaves and stems of J. multifida on the growth of the strains used with diameters of inhibitory zones ranging from 8 to 25 mm and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) varying from 0.039 mg/mL to 1.25 mg/mL exception E. coli strains which are resistant to extracts from the stem. Subacute administration of the aqueous extract of the leaves of J. multifida at a dose of 600 mg/kg leads to a significant loss of weight in the mice. Conclusion and application of findings : The aqueous, ethanolic and hydroethanolic extracts of the leaves and stem of J. multifida have antimicrobial activity and could be used in the treatment of Candidiasis and bacterial infections due respectively to C. albicans and S. aureus. But the subacute toxicity test shows that the aqueous extract of the plant would be toxic. Extensive toxicological studies therefore remain necessary on these extracts in order to better elucidate their safety. Keywords: Jatropha multifida extracts of leaves and stem, antifungal and antibacterial activities, toxicity
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Allou Isidore, SARAKA, ABO Kouabenan, OUATTARA Katinan Etienne, and ZIRIHI Guédé Noël. "Étude botanique, tri phytochimique et évaluation in vitro de l’activité antifongique des extraits de feuilles de Mallotus oppositifolius (Geisel.) Müll. Arg (Euphorbiaceae) sur Fusarium sp. et Phytophthora sp. deux champignons phytopathogènes." Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences 41.2 (August 31, 2019): 6903–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/janmplsci.v41-2.4.
Анотація:
L’objectif de ce travail est d’évaluer le pouvoir fongicide des feuilles de Mallotus oppositifolius sur Phytophthora sp. et Fusarium sp. deux champignons phytopathogènes dans le cadre de la recherche de substances naturelles d’origine végétale comme alternative aux pesticides chimiques en agriculture. Une enquête ethnobotanique réalisée auprès de quarante tradipraticiens de santé du District de Yamoussoukro sur les Euphorbiaceae médicinales a permis d’identifier treize espèces. L’étude a montré que les maladies de la peau (36%) étaient majoritairement traitées par ces Euphorbiaceae dont Mallotus oppositifolius. Au vue de ces données et celles de la littérature, Mallotus oppositifolius a été retenu pour l’évaluation du potentiel antifongique contre Fusarium sp. et Phytophthora sp. L'activité antifongique a été évaluée par la méthode de double dilution sur milieu PDA avec des extraits éthanoliques et aqueux dérivés des feuilles de cette plante. Les résultats ont montré que les extraits aqueux et éthanoliques 70% de Mallotus oppositifolius possèdent des propriétés antifongiques à la fois sur Fusarium sp. et Phytophthora sp. Les activités antifongiques ont été plus importantes avec les extraits éthanoliques qu’avec les extraits aqueux. Avec une concentration minimal inhibitrice CMI = 25±0,0 mg/mL, une CI50 = 6,5±0,05 mg/mL et une concentration minimal fongicide CMF = 200±0,0 mg/mL Fusarium sp. semble être le plus sensible. Phytophthora sp. est moins sensible avec une CMI = 50±0,0 mg/mL, une CI50 = 12±0,05 mg/mL et une CMF = 200±0,0 mg/mL. Le screening phytochimique a mis en évidence la présence de sept groupes de composés parmi lesquels les alcaloïdes, les polyterpènes et stérols, les tanins galliques et les catéchines sont les plus abondants dans les extraits éthanoliques. En plus de ces composés, les flavonoïdes, les polyphénols ainsi que les saponines sont aussi bien présents dans les extraits aqueux que dans les extraits alcooliques de Mallotus oppositifolius. Ces composés pourraient justifier l’activité des extraits éthanoliques de Mallotus oppositifolius. Ces résultats peuvent servir pour les recherches agronomiques dans le cadre de la lutte contre les deux champignons phytopathogènes étudiés. Botanical study, phytochemical screening and in vitro evaluation of the antifungal activity of Mallotus oppositifolius (Geisel.) Müll. Arg. (Euphorbiaceae) leaf extracts on Fusarium sp. and Phytophthora sp., two phytopathogenic fungi. ABSTRACT The purpose of this work is to evaluate the fungicidal power of the leaves of Mallotus oppositifolius on Phytophthora sp. and Fusarium sp. two phytopathogenic fungi in the research of natural substances of plant origin as an alternative to chemical pesticides in agriculture. An ethnobotanical survey of forty traditional healers in the Yamoussoukro District on medicinal Euphorbiaceae identified thirteen species.The study showed that skin diseases (36%) were mainly treated by these Euphorbiaceae including Mallotus oppositifolius. In view of these data and those in the literature, Mallotus oppositifolius was selected for the evaluation of the antifungal potential against Fusarium sp. and Phytophthora sp. The antifungal activity was evaluated by the double dilution method on PDA medium with ethanolic and aqueous extracts derived from the leaves of this plant. The results showed that aqueous and ethanolic extracts 70% of Mallotus oppositifolius have antifungal properties on both Fusarium sp. and Phytophthora sp. Antifungal activities were more important with ethanolic extracts than with aqueous extracts. With a minimum inhibitory concentration MIC = 25±0.0 mg/mL, a minimal concentration for 50 % of inhibition IC50 = 6.5±0.05 mg/mL and a minimum fungicide concentration MFC = 200±0.0 mg/mL Fusarium sp. appears to be the most sensitive. Phytophthora sp. is less sensitive with an MIC = 50±0.0 mg/mL, an IC50 = 12±0.05 mg/mL and a MFC = 200±0.0 mg/mL. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of seven groups of compounds among which alkaloids, polyterpenes and sterols, gallic tannins and catechins are the most abundant in ethanol extracts. In addition to these compounds, flavonoids, polyphenols and saponins are present in both aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Mallotus oppositifolius. These compounds could justify the activity of the ethanolic extracts of Mallotus oppositifolius. These results can be used for agronomic research to control the two phytopathogenic fungi studied.
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BELLO, Saliou, K. A. COULIBALY, O. A. BABALAKOUN, and J. ZOUNDJIHEKPON. "Efficacité d’extraits aqueux de plantes pour le contrôle des thrips sur différents cultivars de niébé (Vigna unguiculata) au Nord-Ouest du Bénin." Annales de l’Université de Parakou - Série Sciences Naturelles et Agronomie 9, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 107–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.56109/aup-sna.v9i1.67.
Анотація:
La présente étude a été conduite afin d’évaluer l’efficacité d’extraits aqueux contre les populations de thrips, le rendement en graines et la résistance variétale de six cultivars de niébé. Les extraits aqueux étaient à base d’Hyptis suaveolens, d’Azadirachta indica, de Manihot esculenta, de Thevetia neriifolia et de Cymbopogon nardus. Un dispositif de Fisher en blocs éclatés a été installé auprès de six producteurs dans la commune de Djougou située au Nord-Ouest du Bénin. L’apparition et le nombre de thrips à 34, 41, 48, 55, 62 jours après semis (JAS), le poids de graines de niébé récoltées dans les parcelles expérimentales et le poids de mille graines de niébé étaient les données collectées, Elles étaient soumises à une analyse de variance univariée à trois facteurs (période, cultivar, extrait aqueux) et à la comparaison par paires des moyennes sur mesures répétées avec le test de Tukey au seuil de 5%. Tous les extraits aqueux sauf celui à base de citronnelle (Cymbopogon nardus) ont réduit très significativement (p < 0,0001), la population de thrips dans le cultivar Katché péha. Thevetia neriifolia, Hyptis suaveolens Manihot esculenta, Azadirachta indica et C. nardus ont été par ordre d’importance décroissante, les extraits aqueux les plus efficaces avec des niveaux de rendement très significativement différents (p < 0,0001). Ces niveaux variaient de 885,76 kg/ha à 587,06 kg/ha comparativement à celui du témoin qui a été de 387,28 kg/ha. Les cultivars Katché peha, puis Katché sôwôho, Kpodjiguèguè et Toura pera, ainsi que Katché peha nan soori et Katché sénégal ont été par ordre d’importance décroissant du rendement en graines décroissant, les plus productifs. Les extraits aqueux sont efficaces à divers degrés et peuvent être recommandés. L’étude peut être poursuivie au champ contre les punaises et les pucerons et aussi pour le devenir des graines face aux bruches en stock.
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Yao, Brou Lazare, Dessan Obed Gogoue, Paul Marius Nando Nando, and Kablan Tano. "Etude comparée de l’efficacité des extraits aqueux de feuilles d’eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) et des graines de neem (Azadirachta indica Juss) contre les principaux ravageurs de chou." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 16, no. 2 (July 8, 2022): 581–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v16i2.6.
Анотація:
Cette étude a été conduite afin d’évaluer ’efficacité des extraits aqueux de feuilles d’eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) et des graines de neem (Azadirachta indica Juss) contre les principaux ravageurs de chou. A cet effet, une parcelle disposée en 3 blocs complets, randomisés et équilibrés constitués de 4 parcelles élémentaires correspondant à 3 traitements et 1 témoin sans traitement a servi de dispositif expérimental. Après analyse des résultats, il ressort que l’extrait de graines de neem a un effet significatif sur tous les ravageurs ciblés. L’extrait de feuilles d’eucalyptus s’est montré inefficace sur Plutella xylostella et Brevicoryne brassicae. L’insecticide de synthèse a eu un effet immédiat sur Brevicoryne brassicae, un effet remarquable sur Spodoptera littoralis, mais s’est montré moins efficace sur Hellula undalis et Plutella xylostella. Les meilleurs rendements ont été obtenus sur les parcelles élémentaires (PE) traitées avec l’extrait aqueux de graines de neem et la solution aqueuse de K-OPTIMAL. Des extraits aqueux de grains neem et des feuilles d’Eucalyptus camaldulensis ont été préparés séparément en introduisant respectivement 40 g dans 0,5litre d’eau et 22,5 g dans 0,5 litre d’eau, puis appliqués sur des cultures de chou en comparaison avec deux témoins dont un insecticide de synthèse le K-OPTIMAL dosé à 2ml/l et un témoin sans traitement. Contrairement aux extraits aqueux de feuilles d’Eucalyptus camaldulensis, les extraits de graines de neem, ont été efficace sur la plupart des ravageurs. Ces extraits peuvent donc être utilisés dans un programme de lutte intégrée contre les ravageurs majeurs du chou.
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Piba, Serge Cherry, Pierre Alain Kouassi Konan, Losséni N’gana Kone, Amoin Gervaise Kouame, Richard Kouakoubah Donthy Kouakou, and Honora Fezan Bi Tra. "Phytochimie, activité antioxydante et toxicité aiguë de plantes médicinales utilisées contre les séquelles de l’accident vasculaire cérébral en Côte d’Ivoire." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 15, no. 2 (June 22, 2021): 652–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v15i2.21.
Анотація:
Les séquelles, après un accident vasculaire cérébral, sont importantes et les patients handicapés moteurs très nombreux. La présente étude a pour objectif de définir le profil phytochimique des cinq plantes les plus utilisées pour traiter les séquelles des AVC en Côte d’Ivoire, d’évaluer leur capacité antioxydante et leur toxicité. Après le screening phytochimique, la teneur en phénols et flavonoïdes ont été quantifiés par la méthode colorimétrique de Folin-Ciocalteu. L’évaluation quantitative du potentiel antioxydant des extraits a été réalisée in vitro par le test au DPPH (1,1-diphényl-2-picryl-hydrazyle). Les tests ont mis en évidence la présence de polyphénols, de tanins et de flavonoïdes dans tous les extraits aqueux. Ces métabolites sont importants dans la prévention et le traitement des maladies cardio-vasculaires. Les taux les plus élevés de polyphénols sont présents dans les extraits aqueux d’écorce de tige de Ficus mucuso (83425,29 μg EAG/g MS) et de rameaux feuillés de Zizyphus mauritiana (74517,24 μg EAG/g MS). La plus forte teneur en flavonoïdes a été observée dans l’extrait aqueux de rameaux feuillés de Ziziphus mauritiana (20,28%). Des capacités antioxydantes importantes ont été observées dans les extraits aqueux du mélange écorces de tige/feuilles de Tamarindus indica (CI50 = 0,1269 mg/ml) et dans l’extrait d’écorce de tige de Ficus mucuso (0,1335 mg/ml). Les tests de toxicité aigüe montrent que l’extrait aqueux de l’écorce de tige de Ficus mucuso, par voie orale, à 5000 mg/kg de pc, est légèrement toxique chez les souris.Mots clés : AVC, séquelles, plantes médicinales, phytochimie, toxicité.
English Title: Phytochemistry, antioxidant activity and acute toxicity of medicinal plants used against the sequelae of stroke in Côte d’IvoireThe sequelae after a stroke are significant and there are many patients with motor disabilities. The purpose of this study is to define the phytochemical profile of the five plants most used to treat the sequelae of stroke in Côte d'Ivoire, to assess their antioxidant capacity and their toxicity. After the phytochemical screening, the content of phenols and flavonoids were quantified by the colorimetric method of Folin-Ciocalteu. The quantitative evaluation of the antioxidant potential of the extracts was carried out in vitro by the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) test. The tests revealed the presence of polyphenols, tannins and flavonoids in all the aqueous extracts. These metabolites are important in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. The highest levels of polyphenols are found in aqueous extracts of stem bark of Ficus mucuso (83425.29 μg EAG/ g DM) and leafy twigs of Zizyphus mauritiana (74,517.24 μg EAG / g DM). The highest content of flavonoids was observed in the aqueous extract of leafy twigs of Ziziphus mauritiana (20.28%). Significant antioxidant capacities were observed in the aqueous extracts of the stem bark / leaf mixture of Tamarindus indica (IC50 = 0.1269 mg / ml) and in the extract of the stem bark of Ficus mucuso (0.1335 mg / ml). Acute toxicity tests show that the aqueous extract of the stem bark of Ficus mucuso, taken orally, at 5000 mg / kg bw, is slightly toxic in mice.Keywords: Stroke, sequelae, medicinal plants, phytochemistry, toxicity.
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Ali-Emmanuel, N., M. Moudachirou, A. J. Akakpo, and J. Quetin Leclercq. "Activités antibactériennes in vitro de Cassia alata, Lantana camara et Mitracarpus scaber sur Dermatophilus congolensis isolé au Bénin." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 55, no. 3 (March 1, 2002): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9822.
Анотація:
L’activité antibactérienne in vitro des extraits aqueux et alcooliques de Cassia alata, de Lantana camara et de Mitracarpus scaber a été comparée avec celle de l’oxytétracycline et de la pénicilline procaïne sur une bactérie Gram-positif, Dermatophilus congolensis, agent de la dermatophilose bovine. Les extraits alcooliques bruts de C. alata, de L. camara et de M. scaber se sont révélés plus actifs sur D. congolensis que leurs extraits aqueux. Les zones d’inhibition à 500 mg/ml ont été de 14 à 20 mm et de 20 à 24 mm respectivement pour les extraits aqueux et alcooliques sur une souche isolée d’animaux infectés. Les deux extraits de M. scaber ont montré une activité antibactérienne plus élevée sur D. congolensis que ceux de C. alata et de L. camara. L’activité antibactérienne des extraits alcooliques bruts de M. scaber in vitro sur D. congolensis, à 500 mg/ml, a été équivalente à celle de la pénicilline procaïne à la concentration de 800 mg/ml et environ 10 à 15 fois moindre que celle de l’oxytétracycline.
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Hervé Narcisse, Bayaga, Guedje Nicole Marie, Tabi Omgba Yves, Pola Yissibi Emilienne, Njinkio Nono Borgia Legrand, Assong Elombat Danielle Cynthia, Fokunang charles, and Ntsama Essomba Claudine. "Pouvoir antibactérien des extraits aqueux et hydroéthanolique du mélange d’écorces de tronc d’Albizia gummifera (J.F. Gmel.) C.A. Sm et Spathodea campanulata P.Beauv." Journal of Applied Biosciences 154 (October 31, 2020): 15881–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/jabs.154.5.
Анотація:
Objectifs : Ce travail avait pour but de déterminer les grands groupes de métabolites secondaires et évaluer le pouvoir antibactérien in vitro des extraits aqueux et hydro-éthanolique d’une recette traditionnelle à base du mélange d’écorces de tronc d’Albizia gummifera et Spathodea campanulata. Méthodologie et Résultats : La recette a été préparée selon les indications des tradithérapeutes. Le screening phytochimique des extraits aqueux et hydro-éthanolique a révélé la présence de métabolites secondaires: polyphénoles, flavonoïdes, coumarines, tanins, glycosides cardiaques, bétacyanes, saponosides et alcaloides. La détermination des Concentrations Minimales Inhibitrices (CMI), par la technique de macrodilution en milieu liquide a établi le pouvoir antibactérien des extraits vis-à-vis de Staphylococcus aureus ATCC BAA-977 (CMI comprises entre 0,78 et 6,25 mg/mL) et Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (CMI supérieures à 100 mg/mL). Conclusion et application des résultats : Les résultats obtenus de cette étude suggèrent que les métabolites secondaires présents dans les extraits aqueux et hydro-éthanolique du mélange d’écorces de tronc d’Albizia gummifera et Spathodea campanulata avaient des propriétés antibactériennes sur les deux souches testées, particulièrement sur Staphylococcus aureus ATCC BAA-977. Ces résultats justifient l’usage médicinal de cette recette par les tradithérapeutes dans le traitement des plaies infectées à Akonolinga. Cependant, il serait important de mener des études de toxicité, indispensables à la formulation d’un Médicament Traditionnel Amélioré (MTA) avec pour but de contribuer à la valorisation de notre médecine et pharmacopée traditionnelles. Mots clés : Composition phytochimique, pouvoir antibactérien, Albizia gummifera, Spathodea campanulata Bayaga et al., J. Appl. Biosci. 2020 Pouvoir antibactérien des extraits aqueux et hydro-éthanolique du mélange d’écorces de tronc d’Albizia gummifera (J.F. Gmel.) C.A. Sm et Spathodea campanulata P.Beauv 15882 Antibacterial effect of aqueous and hydro-ethanolic extracts of the mixture of trunk bark of Albizia gummifera (J.F. Gmel.) C.A. Sm and Spathodea campanulata P. Beauv ABSTRACT Objectives: The objectives of this work was to determine groups of secondary metabolites and to assess in vitro antibacterial activity of aqueous and hydro-ethanolic extracts of a traditional recipe based on the mixture of trunk bark of Albizia gummifera and Spathodea campanulata. Methodology and Results: The recipe was prepared according to the instructions of traditional healers. The phytochemical screening of the aqueous and hydro-ethanolic extracts of this recipe revealed the presence of several families of chemical compounds like : polyphenols, flavonoïdes, coumarines, tannins, cardiac glycosides, betacyanes, saponosides et alcaloides with antibacterial potential. The determination of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC), by the technique of macro-dilution in liquid medium, made it possible to evaluate the antibacterial activities of the extracts. These different extracts inhibited the visible bacterial growth of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC BAA-977 (MIC between 0.78 and 6.25 mg/mL) and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (MIC greater than 100 mg/mL). Conclusion and application of results: These results suggest that the aqueous and hydro-ethanolic extracts for the antibacterial activity observed against the two strains of the species tested and particularly against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC BAA-977. Thus, these results would justify the empirical medicinal use of this recipe by traditional therapists in Akonolinga and therefore constitutes a potential candidate for toxicity studies, essential for the formulation of an Improved Traditional Medicine (MTA) in order to contribute to the enhancement of our traditional medicine and pharmacopoeia. Keywords: phytochemical composition, antibacterial power, Albizia gummifera, Spathodea campanulata.
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DIEYE, Pape Issakha, Seni NDIAYE, Fode DIONE, Abdoulaye DIOP, Assane DIENG, Amadou DIOP, Bara NDIAYE, Yerim Mbagnick DIOP, and Serigne Omar SARR. "Étude corrélée de l’activité antibactérienne et antifongique des extraits de Jatropha chevalieri et de Cordylla pinnata, et de leurs profils chromatographiques." Journal of Applied Biosciences 159 (March 31, 2021): 16396–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/jabs.159.4.
Анотація:
Objectif : L’objectif de cette étude est d’évaluer l’activité antibactérienne et antifongique des extraits et fractions de Cordylla pinnata (Dimb en wolof) et de Jatropha chevalieri (Wetenu bët en wolof). Elle vise aussi le profilage par chromatographie de leurs extraits bruts. Méthodologie et résultats : L’activité antimicrobienne a été évaluée par la méthode de diffusion sur un milieu solide, puis par le test de micro-dilution dans des microplaques à 96 puits. La présence de plusieurs composés phytochimiques a été mise en évidence à l’aide de la chromatographie sur couche mince haute performance semi-automatique. Les extraits ont présenté des diamètres d’inhibition allant jusqu’à 20 millimètres vis-à-vis de Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus et Candida albicans. La CMI la plus faible (1,302±0,451 mg/ml) a été obtenue avec des extraits de feuilles de C. pinnata sur la souche C. albicans. Les profils CCM ont montré certaines ressemblances des extraits bruts qui pourraient expliquer les diamètres d’inhibition approximativement rapprochés de certaines de leurs fractions de même nature. Conclusion et application des résultats : Ces résultats décrivent pour la première fois, selon les données disponibles de la littérature, une activité antibactérienne et antifongique des extraits de Cordylla pinnata et de Jatropha chevalieri. Ces résultats suggèreraient l’utilisation de formulations traditionnelles (macérés aqueux, décoctés aqueux) seulement pour les maladies induites par les souches fongiques. Cette activité pourrait être améliorée par des travaux de séparation chromatographique bio-guidée. Mots clés : Cordylla pinnata, Jatropha chevalieri, extrait de plante, activité antimicrobienne, test de microdilution, profil HPTLC 16396 Dieye et al., J. Appl. Biosci. 2021 Étude corrélée de l’activité antibactérienne et antifongique des extraits de Jatropha chevalieri et de Cordylla pinnata, et de leurs profils chromatographiques Correlated study of the antibacterial and antifungal activity of extracts from Jatropha chevalieri and Cordylla pinnata, and their chromatographic profiles ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal activity of extracts and fractions from Cordylla pinnata and Jatropha chevalieri. It also relates to by chromatographic profiling of their crude extracts. Methodology and results: Antimicrobial activity was assessed by the diffusion method on a solid medium followed by the micro-dilution test in 96-well microplates. The presence of several phytochemicals has been demonstrated using semi-automatic high performance thin layer chromatography. The extracts exhibited inhibition diameters of up to 20 millimeters against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. The lowest MIC (1.302 ± 0.451 mg / ml) was obtained by extracts of leaves of C. pinnata on the strain C. albicans. The TLC profiles showed some similarities of the crude extracts which could explain the approximately close inhibition diameters of some of their fractions of the same nature. Conclusion and application of results: These results describe an antibacterial and antifungal activity of extracts of Cordylla pinnata and Jatropha chevalieri. These results would suggest the use of traditional formulations (aqueous macerates, aqueous decocts) only for diseases induced by fungal strains. This activity could be improved by bio-guided chromatographic separation study. Keywords: Cordylla pinnata, Jatropha chevalieri, plant extract, antimicrobial activity, micro-dilution test, HPTLC profile
Дисертації з теми "Extraits aqueux":
1
Bensaid, Aicha. "Propriétés anti-oxydants, anti-inflammatoires et antispasmodiques d’Ocimum basilicum." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Montpellier (2022-....), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UMONG091.
Анотація:
Le basilic Ocimum basilicum L est une plante herbacée, aromatique et alimentaire, il est utilisé sous forme fraiche ou bien transformé dans certaines préparations culinaires, ainsi que dans la médecine traditionnelle. Les différentes parties de cette plante présentent des propriétés biologiques très importantes pour la santé humaine grâce à leur richesse en composés bioactifs. L’objectif de ce travail est basé sur la caractérisation différentielles entre les tiges et les feuilles d’Ocimum basilicum sur le profil phytochimique et l’évaluation de leurs propriétés antioxydantes, anti-inflammatoires et antispasmodiques. Les extraits de basilic ont présenté des profils phytochimique différents, et l’évaluation de leurs effets antioxydants par le test DPPH et ORAC ont montré que les extraits éthanoliques ont une activité plus importante en comparaison avec les extraits aqueux. L’étude des effets anti-inflammatoires des extraits éthanoliques de tiges et de feuilles de basilic in vitro dans un modèle cellulaire de macrophages J774 stimulés par le LPS/IFNγ a montré que les deux extraits ont un effet inhibiteur sur la production des médiateurs inflammatoires (oxide nitrique, interlukine-6, prostaglandine E2, monocyte chemoattractante protein-1). Par contre ces extraits ont augmenté la production de la cytokine pro-inflammatoire TNFα (Facteur de nécrose tumorale alpha). Par la suite les extraits aqueux ont montré un effet relaxant sur le muscle lisse intestinal de rat. Les résultats de cette étude ont indiqué que les deux parties de basilic feuilles et tiges ont des effets biologiques intéressants qui peuvent être valorisés sur le plan nutrition- santéBasil Ocimum basilicum L is an herbaceous, aromatic, and food crop, which is used fresh or processed in some culinary preparations, thus in traditional medicine. The different parts of this plant present very important biological properties for human health due to their richness in bioactive compounds. The objective of this work is based on the differential characterization of the phytochemical profile of the stems and leaves of Ocimum basilicum and the evaluation of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antispasmodic properties. The basil extracts showed different phytochemical profiles, and the evaluation of these antioxidant effects by DPPH and ORAC assay showed that the ethanolic extracts had a higher activity compared to the aqueous extracts. The study of the anti-inflammatory effects of ethanolic extracts of basil stems and leaves in vitro in a macrophage J774 cell model stimulated by LPS/IFNγ showed that both extracts had an inhibitory effect on the production of inflammatory mediators (nitric oxide, interlukin-6, prostaglandin E2, Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), but increased the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFα (Tumour necrosis factor-alpha). Subsequently, the aqueous extracts showed a relaxing effect on rat intestinal smooth muscle. The results of this study indicated that both parts of basil leaves and stems have interesting biological effects that can be valorized in terms of nutrition and health
2
Francezon, Nellie. "Valorisation de l'écorce de Picea mariana par la production d'extraits naturels : les extraits aqueux et l'huile essentielle." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/30953.
Анотація:
L’épinette noire Picea mariana est une essence abondamment exploitée au Québec pour la qualité de son bois de charpente. Sa transformation par les scieries génère, en conséquence, d’énormes volumes d’écorces résiduelles. Dans un objectif de transformation de la ressource et de conception de produits et systèmes innovants, ce projet de doctorat a permis de développer un procédé de conversion de la biomasse forestière pour la valorisation complète de l’écorce de l’épinette noire, en utilisant des solvants respectueux de l’environnement. Ce procédé intègre deux types d’extractions différentes : l’hydrodistillation et l’extraction à l’eau chaude. Ainsi il produit simultanément trois extraits naturels, l’huile essentielle et l’hydrolat capturant la fragrance de l’épinette et l’extrait aqueux brut riche en polyphénols antioxydants. L’élucidation de la composition chimique de l’huile essentielle et de l’hydrolat d’écorce de l’épinette noire a mis en évidence plus de cinquante composés volatils et aromatiques appartenant à la famille des terpénoïdes. De plus, la fragrance de l’huile essentielle est très différente de celle produite industriellement à partir des aiguilles. Elle pourrait ainsi constituer un nouveau produit pour les secteurs de la parfumerie et des arômes. L’extrait brut aqueux, quant à lui, est riche en polyphénols antioxydants, en tanins et en sucres. Les composés phénoliques de faibles masses moléculaires appartiennent majoritairement à la famille des stilbènes dont les trans-isorhapontine, trans-resvératrol, trans-picéide et transastringine. Deux nouvelles molécules ont également été découvertes dans cet extrait : deux stéréoisomères de stilbènes, appelés picéasides O et P. Dans le but de récupérer ces molécules d’intérêt en plus grande quantité, une optimisation de l’extraction aqueuse a été réalisée pour établir les meilleurs paramètres d’extraction. La température 80 °C et le ratio écorce/eau 50 mg/mL ont été déterminés comme étant les paramètres les plus efficaces pour enrichir l’extrait aqueux en polyphénols d’intérêt, grâce à une approche statistique impliquant la chimiométrie. Ainsi, trois produits à haute valeur ajoutée sont disponibles à partir de l’écorce de l’épinette noire. Mais le plus pertinent au niveau industriel, c’est qu’ils peuvent être extraits simultanément via le procédé intégré dont le développement a permis de valider les rendements et les compositions chimiques tout en garantissant la disponibilité des écorces résiduelles pour la combustion. Ce projet de doctorat permet d’offrir une solution de gestion efficace des coproduits de transformation du bois par le biais d’un procédé vert produisant trois produits naturels à haute valeur ajoutée. Les extraits riches en polyphénols constitueraient de nouveaux ingrédients naturels potentiels pour les secteurs cosmétiques et de santé nutrition, en tant qu’actifs pour la peau ou compléments alimentaires antioxydants. De plus, les molécules d’intérêt thérapeutique comme le resvératrol et ses dérivés identifiés dans l’extrait aqueux seraient de bons candidats pour l’industrie pharmaceutique. Enfin, l’huile essentielle et l’hydrolat pourraient enrichir la palette du parfumeur ou être employés en tant qu’arômes.The transformation of black spruce Picea mariana, abundantly operated for the quality of its lumber in Quebec, generates huge volumes of residual bark in sawmills. With the objective of transforming the resource and designing innovative products and systems, this doctoral project has developed a process for converting forest biomass through the complete conversion of black spruce bark, using eco-friendly solvents. This process incorporating two different types of extractions (hydrodistillation and hot water extraction) simultaneously produces three natural extracts, the essential oil and hydrosol capturing the fragrance of black spruce and the hot water extract enriched with antioxidant polyphenols. The elucidation of the chemical composition of black spruce bark essential oil and hydrosol has revealed more than fifty volatile and aromatic compounds belonging to the terpenoid family. In addition, the fragrance of the essential oil is very different from the one produced industrially from the needles. It could thus constitute a new product for the perfume and aroma sectors. The aqueous crude extract, on the other hand, is rich in antioxidant polyphenols, tannins and sugars. Phenolic compounds of low molecular weight mainly belong to the stilbene family, including trans-isorhapontin, trans-resveratrol, trans-piceide and trans-astringin. Two new molecules have also been discovered in this extract: two stereoisomers of stilbene, called piceasides O and P. In order to optimally recover these molecules of interest, an optimization of the hot water extraction has made it possible to highlight the best extraction parameters. Thanks to a statistical approach involving chemometrics, the temperature 80 °C and the bark/water ratio 50 mg/mL were determined to be the most effective parameters for enriching the aqueous extract with polyphenols of interest. Thus, three high value-added products are extractable from the bark of black spruce. But the most interesting at an industrial level is that they can be extracted simultaneously via the integrated process whose development has validated the yields and chemical compositions while ensuring the availability of residual bark for combustion. This doctoral project offers a solution for an efficient management of co-products of wood processing through a green process, producing three natural products with high added value. The cosmetic and health nutrition sectors, constantly in search of new natural ingredients, may be interested in marketing these extracts as skin actives or as antioxidant dietary supplements. Molecules of therapeutic interest such as resveratrol and its derivatives identified in the aqueous extract could also be used by the pharmaceutical industry. Essential oil and hydrosol could enrich the perfumer's palette or be used as aromas.
3
Aboura, Ikram. "Effet anti-inflammatoire et anti obésité des extraits polyphénoliques de feuilles de caroube "Ceratonia siliqua" et cladode de figuier de barbarie "Opuntia ficus-indica"." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCK027/document.
Анотація:
Dans la présente étude, nous avons étudié les effets des infusions de feuilles de caroube et de cladodes OFI riches en polyphénols sur l'inflammation associée à l'obésité et la colite ulcéreuse induite par le dextran de sulfate de sodium (DSS) chez les souris suisse.Des études in vitro ont révélé que les extraits aqueux de feuilles de caroube et de cladodes OFI présentaient des propriétés anti-inflammatoires marquées par l'inhibition de la production d'IL-6, de TNF-α et d'oxyde nitrique (NO) dans les cellules RAW 264.7 stimulées par des lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Inhibition de la translocation du noyau NF-κβ.Pour des investigations in vivo, des souris mâles suisses ont été soumises à un régime contrôle (ND) ou à un régime riche en graisses (HFD). A la 4ème semaine après le début de l'étude, les animaux ont reçu ou non 1% d'infusion de feuilles de caroube ou d'OFI-cladode pendant 6 semaines et ont été soumis à une administration de DSS à 2% dans l'eau potable au cours des 7 derniers jours. Après sacrifice, les niveaux de cytokines pro-inflammatoires dans le plasma et l'expression de leur ARNm dans différents organes ont été déterminés. Les résultats ont montré que les infusions de feuille de caroube et de OFI-cladode réduisaient la sévérité de l'inflammation associée à l'obésité induite par HFD et la colite aiguë induite par le DSS indiquée par une diminution de l'expression des cytokines pro-inflammatoires (comme TNF-α, IL1b et IL-6) tissu adipeux et rate. En outre, les taux plasmatiques d'IL-6 et de TNF-α ont également été réduits en réponse au traitement par les infusions. Ainsi, les infusions de feuilles de caroube et d'OFI-cladode ont empêché la perméabilité intestinale grâce à la restauration des protéines de jonctions serrées (Zo1, occludines) et à l'homéostasie immunitaire. Ainsi, l'effet anti-inflammatoire des feuilles de caroube et des cladodes OFI pourrait être attribué à leurs polyphénols qui pourraient atténuer la gravité de l'inflammation associée à l'obésité et à la coliteIn the present study, we have investigated the effects of polyphenol-rich infusions from carob leaves and OFI-cladodes on inflammation associated with obesity and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis in Swiss mice. In vitro studies revealed that aqueous extracts of carob leaves and OFI-cladodes exhibited anti-inflammatory properties marked by the inhibition of , TNF-α and nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells concomitant with NF-κβ nucleus translocation inhibition. For in vivo investigations, Swiss male mice were subjected to control or high fat diet (HFD). At the 4th week after the start of study, animals received or not 1% infusion of either carob leaves or OFI-cladode for 6 weeks and were subjected to 2% DSS administration in drinking water over last 7 days. After sacrifice, pro-inflammatory cytokines levels in plasma and their mRNA expression in different organs were determined. Results showed that carob leaf and OFI-cladode infusions reduced inflammation severity associated with HFD-induced obesity and DSS-induced acute colitis indicated by decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines expression (as such TNF-α, IL1b and IL-6) in colon, adipose tissue and spleen. In addition, plasma levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were also curtailed in response to infusions treatment. Thus, carob leaf and OFI-cladode infusions prevented intestinal permeability through the restoration of tight junction proteins (Zo1, occludins) and immune homeostasis. Hence, the anti-inflammatory effect of carob leaves and OFI-cladodes could be attributed to their polyphenols which might alleviate inflammation severity associated with obesity and colitis
4
Agustini, José Antonio. "Extratos vegetais obtidos de espécies nativas do Cerrado brasileiro no controle do ácaro-rajado (Tetranychus urticae Koch) /." Ilha Solteira, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151887.
Анотація:
Orientador: Marineide Rosa VieiraResumo: O ácaro rajado, Tetranychus urticae Koch, é uma praga que ataca várias culturas em todo o mundo. Seu controle é feito basicamente por acaricidas químicos sintéticos. O uso inadequado de defensivos agrícolas, além de acarretar problemas ao meio ambiente, ao trabalhador e ao consumidor, pode levar ao desenvolvimento de populações de pragas resistentes aos seus princípios ativos. Extratos vegetais têm sido estudados na busca de novos princípios ativos que causem menos problemas ambientais, ocupacionais e de saúde humana, e que possam fazer parte de programa de manejo integrado de pragas e doenças. As florestas brasileiras são constituídas por uma grande diversidade de plantas que podem apresentar metabólitos secundários interessantes com propriedades biocidas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar extratos aquosos e hidroetanólicos de folhas e cascas de doze espécies vegetais nativas do Cerrado brasileiro quanto à atividade acaricida e ao efeito sobre a fecundidade de fêmeas do ácaro-rajado, T. urticae. De cada espécie vegetal foram avaliados dois órgãos (folhas e cascas), duas épocas de coletas (primavera/verão e outono/inverno) além de dois tipos de solventes (água e etanol 70%). Os extratos foram aplicados por pulverização em torre de Potter, avaliando-se mortalidade, repelência e oviposição após 120 horas. Todas as doze espécies apresentaram atividade acaricida significativa sobre T. urticae, dependendo da época de coleta, do material vegetal e do solvente utilizado. Em nove e... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, is a pest that attacks various crops throughout the world. The mites control is basically made by synthetic chemical acaricides. The inappropriate use of pesticides, besides causing problems to the environment, to the workers and the consumers, can lead to the development of populations of pests resistant to its active ingredient. Some pesticides such as neonicotinoids and pyrethroids have their origin in secondary plant metabolites such as tobacco and chrysanthemum, respectively. Plant extracts have been studied in the search for new active ingredients that cause less environmental, occupacional and human health problems, and that can be part of an integrated pest and disease management program. The Brazilian forests are constituted by a great plant diversity that can have interesting secondary metabolites with biocide properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the mitecide activity of the aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of leaves and bark of twelve native species from the Brazilian Cerrado and their effect on the fecundity of T. urticae mite females. Two plant organs (leaves and barks), two collection seasons (spring/summer and autumn/winter) were evaluated from each plant species, besides two types of solvents (70% ethanol and water). The extracts were applied by Potter tower spray, evaluating mortality, repellency and oviposition after 120 hours. All twelve species showed significant miticide activity... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
5
Santos, Alexander. "Verifica??o da atividade antif?ngica de extratos aquosos de Cymbopogon citratus, Peumus boldus e Shinus terebinthifolia sobre cinco esp?cies de fungos do g?nero Aspergillus." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2008. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/873.
Анотація:
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2008 - Alexander Santos.pdf: 2028526 bytes, checksum: 5876d3f1d1f305df3af598f0bef1531d (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2008-04-15This work was developed in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology of the Institute of Veterinary Rural Federal University of Rio de Janeiro in Serop?dica-RJ. We evaluated the antifungal activity plant Cymbopogon citratus (lemon-grass), Peumus boldus (boldo) and Shinus terebinthifolia (aroeira), inhibition of growth of species of the genus Aspergillus (A. flavus, A. niger, A. ochraceus, A. Parasiticus and A. carbonarius. Using the method of minimum inhibitory concentration in agar, with the technique of dilution plate (Pour-Plate), were held dilutions of different extracts, resulting in the final concentrations of 5%, 2.5% and 1.25%. Testing of commercial sensitivity to antifungal - ketoconazole were made in a final concentration of 1933.18 ? g /mL, as recommended by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). The results obtained in the experiments have shown that aqueous extracts of C. citratus and S. terebinthifolia, after 24 hours of incubation, were able to inhibit the growth of A. flavus and A. carbonarius, respectively. The other extracts being studied and tested in the concentrations were not able to inhibit the growth of mycelial species of the genus Aspergillus.
Este trabalho foi desenvolvido no Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia do Instituto de Veterin?ria da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, em Serop?dica-RJ. Foram avaliadas a atividade antif?ngica das plantas Cymbopogon citratus (capim-lim?o), Peumus boldus (boldo) e Shinus terebinthifolia (aroeira), na inibi??o do crescimento de esp?cies do g?nero Aspergillus (A. flavus, A. niger, A. ochraceus, A. parasiticus e A. carbonarius). Utilizando o m?todo da concentra??o inibit?ria m?nima em ?gar, com a t?cnica de dilui??o em placa (Pour-Plate), foram realizadas dilui??es dos diferentes extratos, obtendo-se as concentra??es finais de 5%, 2,5% e 1,25%. Testes de sensibilidade ao antif?ngico comercial - cetoconazol foram realizados numa concentra??o final de 1933,18 ?g/mL, conforme recomendada pelo National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). Os resultados obtidos nos experimentos demonstraram que os extratos aquosos de C. citratus e S. terebinthifolia, ap?s 24 horas de incuba??o, foram capazes de inibir o crescimento de A. flavus e A. carbonarius, respectivamente. Os demais extratos em estudo e nas concentra??es testadas, n?o foram capazes de inibir o crescimento micelial das esp?cies do g?nero Aspergillus.
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Carpanezzi, Fernando Bertol. "Investigação do potencial alelopático de Pittosporum undulatum Vent." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/1948.
Анотація:
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Previous issue date: 2009-03-26Pittosporum undulatum Vent., an Australian tree implicated in supression of tree recruiment in many ecosystems, is found invading secondary Araucaria forests in subtropical Brazil. The first chapter of this study aimed to investigate the role of allelopathy in the invasive proccess, accessing germination and growth of Bauhinia forficata Link. in presence of secondary metabolites from cheesewood leaves. Leachates in concentrations of 20%, 15%, 10% and 5% (w/v), extracts from dry material (10%; 7,5%; 5% and 2,5%) and coumarin solutions (2,5 mM; 1,25 mM; 0,625 mM and 0,3125 mM) were prepared. Petri-dishes germination bioassays, with countings done at each 12 hours, allowed to determinate both germinabilty and germination rate; polyethylene glicol (PEG 6000) solutions were used to evaluate osmotic effects. For seedlings growth, the three highest concentrations of each solution were tested and after seven days root and shoot lenght were measured. While germinability was only sensitive to extracts from dry material, the germination rate showed a dose-dependent curve for all solutions. In seedlings, roots were the most sensitive structure and severe morfo-anatomic anomalies were observed. The main purpose of the second chapter was to investigate the use of Pittosporum undulatum Vent. (cheesewood) leaves as a possible sustainable alternative for barnyard grass control. Leachates in concentrations of 20%; 15%; 10%; 5% and 2,5% (w/v), aqueous extracts from powdered leachated and non- eachated leaves (10%; 7,5%; 5%; 2,5% and 1,25%), coumarin solutions (2,5 mM; 1,25 mM; 0,625 mM and 0,3125 mM) and Roundup Original® according to label informations were prepared. Polyethylene glycol were also used. Both germinability and germination rate were determined by germination biossays, with countings done at each 12 hours. In growth experiments, seedlings were exposed for seven days, when root and shoot length were measured. All solutions, with exception of coumarins, caused only small inhibitory effects on germination. In relation to the growth, all treatments but control caused necrose, absence of hairs and dose-dependent lenght reduction in radicles. Hipocotiles were affected by phenolic compound, extracts from non-leachated leaves and gliphosate. Although the allelopathic effects, ecophisiological aspects relative to Pittosporum undulatum still need to be cleared before its leaves can be used as a herbicide.
A árvore australiana Pittosporum undulatum Vent. (Pittosporaceae) é encontrada diminuindo o recrutamento de espécies nativas em formações secundárias de Floresta Ombrófila Mista no sul do Brasil. O objetivo do primeiro capítulo desse estudo foi verificar a ação alelopática da espécie no processo invasivo, investigando a sensibilidade de sementes e plântulas de Bauhinia forficata Link. (pata-de-vaca) à compostos foliares de pau-incenso. Foram preparados extratos aquosos lixiviados nas concentrações de 20%, 15%, 10% e 5% (m/v), extratos aquosos obtidos do pó de folhas lixiviadas (10%; 7,5%; 5% e 2,5% ) e soluções de cumarina a 2,5 mM; 1,25 mM; 0,625 mM e 0,3125 mM. Bioensaios em placas de Petri, com contagens realizadas a cada 12 horas, permitiram determinar a germinabilidade e velocidade de germinação; soluções de polietileno glicol (PEG 6000) foram preparadas para analisar os efeitos osmóticos. Nos bioensaios de crescimento, utilizaram-se as três concentrações mais elevadas de cada solução, sendo, após sete dias, medidos o comprimento radicular e de parte aérea. Enquanto a germinabilidade mostrou-se sensível apenas aos extratos de pó de folhas, a velocidade de germinação apresentou resposta dose-dependente para todas as soluções testadas. Quanto ao crescimento, a radícula foi a estrutura mais sensível aos efeitos alelopáticos, sendo observadas alterações morfo-anatômicas. No segundo capitulo, objetivou-se investigar o uso de material foliar de pau-incenso como alternativa ao manejo do capim-arroz, uma gramínea resistente a herbicidas que traz problemas a plantações de arroz e à biodiversidade de planícies úmidas em todo o mundo. Foram preparados extratos aquosos foliares lixiviados nas concentrações de 20%; 15%; 10%; 5% e 2,5% (m/v), extratos aquosos obtidos do pó de folhas lixiviadas e não-lixiviadas (10%; 7,5%; 5%; 2,5% e 1,25%), soluções de cumarina a 5mM; 2,5 mM; 1,25 mM; 0,625 mM e 0,3125 mM e solução de Roundup® Original seguindo as recomendações do fabricante. Soluções de PEG também foram utilizadas. Para bioensaios de germinação, as contagens foram realizadas a cada 12 horas, sendo determinadas as porcentagens e velocidades germinativas; para o crescimento, plântulas de sete dias submetidas aos compostos tiveram medidos seus comprimentos de radícula e parte aérea. A germinação, apesar de fortemente inibida pela cumarina, foi pouco sensível às demais soluções. Quanto ao crescimento, as radículas analisadas apresentaram necrose, ausência de pêlos e redução dose-dependente do comprimento para todos os tratamentos com exceção do controle. Os hipocótilos foram afetados pelo composto fenólico, glifosato e extratos aquosos de folhas não-lixiviadas. Apesar da ação alelopática, aspectos ecofisiológicos relativos ao pau-incenso ainda devem ser esclarecidos para que suas folhas possam ser usadas como herbicida.
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Rodrigues, Katarina Mirna Marinho Tenório. "Testes antimicrobianos e toxicológicos de piper aduncum." Universidade Federal do Tocantins, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11612/527.
Анотація:
As plantas para fins medicinais são amplamente utilizadas no Brasil, porém existem poucos estudos que comprovam a eficácia como também a segurança do uso. Piper aduncum usada por muitas comunidades como planta medicinal para tratar e curar diferentes doenças, dentre estas, desordens gastrointestinais. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o potencial antimicrobiano e toxicológico do extrato bruto aquoso das folhas Piper aduncum e aproximar os efeitos em testes laboratoriais aos possíveis efeitos observados no consumo das infusões. Folhas saudáveis de Piper aduncum foram utilizadas para preparar os extratos brutos aquosos em três concentrações (20 g/L, 10 g/L e 5 g/L). Foram realizados testes de ágar difusão em poço contra as bactérias enteropatogênicas Sthaphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella
typhimurium ATCC 1402 e Shigella flexneri ATCC 12022. Testes de fragilidade
osmótica eritrocitária humana e o teste citotóxico da avaliação do crescimento da raiz de Allium cepa foram realizados para avaliar a toxicidade dos extratos. A triagem fitoquímica foi realizada para determinar os compostos presentes nas infusões. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que as infusões de P. aduncum não apresentaram efeitos antimicrobianos e não tiveram efeitos tóxicos sobre células sanguíneas, mas apresentaram potencial tóxico no desenvolvimento celular.Plants for medicinal purposes are widely used in Brazil, but there are few studies that demonstrate the efficacy and the safety use. Piper aduncum is used for many communities as medicinal plant to treat and cure different diseases, including gastrointestinal disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-microbial and toxic potential of aqueous crude extract from leaves of Piper aduncum, and approximate the effect in laboratory tests to what is possibly observed with the tea use. Healthy leaves of Piper aduncum were used to prepare the aqueous crude extract in three concentrations (20g/L, 10g/L and 5g/L). The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the agar wells diffusion against entropathogenic bacteria Sthaphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 1402 e Shigella flexneri ATCC 12022. Human erythrocyte osmotic fragility and cytotoxic evaluation of Allium cepa roots growth were performed to evaluate the toxicity of the extracts. The phytochemical screening determined the present compound in infusions. The obtained results showed that P. aduncum infusions has no effect as antimicrobial, and it did not have any toxic effect against blood cells, but potential toxic effect on cell development.
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Bourget, Guillemette. "Contribution à l'étude des propriétés cytotoxiques, antitumorales et hémolytiques d'un extrait aqueux d'une éponge : Pachymatisma Johnstonii." Nantes, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NANT08VS.
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Zhao, Tianming. "Caractérisations chimiques et biologiques d’extraits de plantes aromatiques et médicinales oubliées ou sous-utilisées de Midi-Pyrénées (France) et de Chongqing (Chine)." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014INPT0039/document.
Анотація:
Les régions de Midi-Pyrénées (France) et de Chongqing (Chine) sont riches en plantes aromatiques et médicinales dites oubliées (ou médiévales). Afin de valoriser pleinement les différentes bio-molécules extractibles de ces plantes, le concept de MAP-raffinerie a été créé et appliqué à une sélection de plantes issues de ces deux régions. Plusieurs technologies d’extraction utilisant l’eau comme solvant vert (hydrodistillation, distillation à la vapeur et extraction par eau sub-critique) ont ainsi été employées et leur impact tant sur la composition des huiles essentielles que sur la récupération des molécules anti-oxydantes a été évalué. Dans un premier temps, une liste de plantes aromatiques et médicinales oubliées, voire sous-utilisées dans les deux régions a été établie selon des règles de sélection prédéfinies. Six plantes modèles de la région de Midi-Pyrénées (Tussilago farfara L., Calendula arvensis L., Robinia pseudoacacia L., Geranium robertianum L., Cytisus scoparius L. et Spartium junceum L.) et trois plantes de la région de Chongqing (Tussilago farfara L., Citrus aurantium L. et Saussurea costus) ont finalement été retenues. Puis, le concept de MAP-raffinerie a été appliqué à ces plantes afin d’étudier leur possible valorisation globale. L’étude des compositions chimiques des extraits volatils des racines de Tussilago farfara L. et de Calendula arvensis L., ainsi que des boutons de fleurs de Spartium junceum L. a été réalisée par GC et GC-MS pour la première fois. Les principaux composés chimiques dans l’extrait volatil de racines de Tussilago farfara L. étaient des hydrocarbures sesquiterpéniques et des composés aliphatiques tandis que les principaux composés chimiques dans l’extrait volatil de racines de Calendula arvensis L. étaient des sesquiterpènes oxygénés, des monoterpènes oxygénés et des diterpènes oxygénés. L’extrait volatil de boutons de fleurs de Spartium junceum L. était principalement composé de composés aliphatiques. Par ailleurs, les résultats de l’évaluation des capacités anti-oxydantes des extraits (par les tests DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, ORAC et Folin-Ciocalteu) ont montrés que plusieurs plantes comme Cytisus scoparius L., Tussilago farfara L., Citrus aurantium L. ou Robinia pseudoacacia L. pourraient être des sources potentielles d’anti-oxydants naturels. D’un point de vue technologique, les comparaisons de l’utilisation de l’hydrodistillation (HD), de la distillation à la vapeur (SD) et de l’extraction par eau sub-critique (SWE) ont montrées que si la HD et la SD ont des effets limités sur la composition des huiles essentielles, la HD semble être une méthode plus efficace pour la récupération des composés anti-oxydants à partir des résidus de distillation que la SD tandis que la SWE s’avère être une technologie prometteuse pour l’extraction directe de ces molécules à partir des plantes. Si la composition minérale de l’eau lors de l’hydrodistillation n’a que des effets très limités sur les rendements d’extraction, les teneurs en ions calcium et bicarbonate des eaux ont par contre des effets décroissants significatifs sur la capacité anti-oxydante et sur la teneur phénolique totale des extraits aqueux et méthanoliques. Au vue de ces résultats, un concept amélioré de MAP-raffinerie a été développé en intégrant une extraction à l’eau sub-critique pour l’extraction des composés anti-oxydants des résidus d’extraction primaire. Selon ce nouveau concept, cinq extraits peuvent être obtenus à partir des matières végétales: un extrait volatil, un extrait aqueux, un extrait méthanolique, un extrait à l’eau sub-critique et in fine un résidu solide. Les premiers résultats ont montrés que la "MAP-raffinerie améliorée" augmente de manière significative la récupération des antioxydants par rapport à la MAP-raffinerie originale et permet d’envisager une valorisation plus facile du résidu solide en agro-matériaux du fait de sa faible teneur en eau résiduelleIn both Midi-Pyrénées region (France) and Chongqing region (China), there are rich and underutilized medicinal and aromatic plants (MAP). Aiming at fully exploiting different molecules in these plants, the concept of MAP-refinery was developed and applied to several underutilized medicinal and aromatic plants in these two regions. Several water-based green extraction technologies of natural products (e.g. hydrodistillation, steam distillation and subcritical water extraction) were also investigated to look at their effects on essential oil composition and antioxidants recovery from selected plants. Firstly, lists of forgotten or underutilized medicinal and aromatic plants in both regions were established according to the rules of selection. From the lists, six plants in the Midi-Pyrénées region (Tussilago farfara L., Calendula arvensis L., Robinia pseudoacacia L., Geranium robertianum L., Cytisus scoparius L. and Spartium junceum L.) and three plants in the Chongqing region (Tussilago farfara L., Citrum aurantium L. and Saussurea costus) were finally selected for investigations. Then the MAP-refinery was applied to the selected plants in two regions in order to realise their global valorisation. Volatile extracts composition in the roots of Tussilago farfara L. and Calendula arvensis L., as well as flower buds of Spartium junceum L. were firstly investigated. The main chemical compounds in volatile extract from Tussilago farfara L. roots were sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and aliphatic compounds while main chemical compounds in volatile extract from Calendula arvensis L. roots were oxygenated sesquiterpenes, oxygenated monoterpenes and oxygenated diterpenes. The volatile extract from flower buds of Spartium junceum L. was mainly composed of aliphatic compounds. Antioxidant capacity evaluation results (by DPPH, ABTS, FRAC, ORAC and Folin-Ciocalteu tests) showed that several plant samples like Cytisus scoparius L., Tussilago farfara L., Citrum aurantium L. and Robinia pseudoacacia L. could be potential sources of natural antioxidants. Comparisons of hydrodistillation (HD), steam distillation (SD) and subcritical water extraction (SWE) showed that HD and SD had limited effects on essential oil composition but HD, SD and SWE had significant impacts on the recovery of antioxidants. Hydrodistillation seemed to be a better method for recovery of antioxidant compounds from residues of distillation than steam distillation. However, SWE appeared to be a more efficient method for direct extraction of antioxidant molecules (or phenolic compounds) from plants. In the hydrodistillation process, mineral contents in water were found to have very limited effects on yields of extracts but calcium and bicarbonate ions, had significant decreasing effects on antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of both aqueous and methanolic extracts. Finally, an improved MAP-refinery was developed. Subcritical water was used for further extraction of antioxidant compounds from residues in original MAP-refinery. In this way, five parts could be obtained from plant materials: volatile extract, aqueous extract, methanolic extract, subcritical water extract and the final residue. The results showed that the improved MAP-refinery significantly increased the recovery of antioxidants compared with original MAP-refinery. This promising process will also allow a better valorisation of the final solid residue due to the lower content of residual water
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Coelho, Maria Teresa Pita Pegado Gonçalves Rodrigues. "Estudos de propagação in vitro, caracterização e valorização de carqueja (Pterospartum tridentatum (L.) Willk)." Doctoral thesis, ISA/UL, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/9271.
Анотація:
Doutoramento em Engenharia Alimentar - Instituto Superior de AgronomiaThe aim of this work was to develop methodologies for micropropagation and extraction of bioactive compounds from both wild gorse (Pterospartum tridentatum L.) and micropropagated gorse explants, as a means of valorisation of this species. Micropropagation was very effective on large scale propagation, having multiplication rates ranging from 1.6 to 43.9; number of shoots ranging from 1.5 to 10.4 and rooting above 96.7%. The extraction yield of aqueous extraction varied from 10.5 to 19.4 and 12.2 to 30.1% (w/w) for wild gorse and micropropagated gorse explants, respectively. Aqueous extracts showed high levels of total phenols, from 203.4 to 369.2 and 104.1 to 121.3 mg gallic acid eq g-1 ms, and FRAP antioxidant activity: 256-856 and 160-260 mmolFe2+ 100g-1 ms; DPPH: 1433-1551 and 1503-1509 mM Trolox 100g-1 ms for wild gorse and micropropagated gorse explants, respectively. Extracts showed no antifungal activity. However, these extracts showed inhibition of Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Chitosan bioactive coatings with gorse extracts improved cherry postharvest preservation ability. The results allow topropose these methodologies to obtain extracts with bioactive properties from micropropagated material, without depleting natural resources
Книги з теми "Extraits aqueux":
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McLaughlin, J. R. Background to the measurement of the ph of aqueous extracts of wool. Christchurch: WRONZ, 1996.
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Edgell, Kenneth. USEPA method study 38 SW-846 method 3010 acid digestion of aqueous samples and extracts for total metals for analysis by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, 1989.
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Edgell, Kenneth. USEPA method study 38 SW-846 method 3010 acid digestion of aqueous samples and extracts for total metals for analysis by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, 1989.
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Edgell, Kenneth. USEPA method study 38 SW-846 method 3010 acid digestion of aqueous samples and extracts for total metals for analysis by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, 1989.
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Edgell, Kenneth. USEPA method study 38 SW-846 method 3010 acid digestion of aqueous samples and extracts for total metals for analysis by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, 1989.
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Edgell, Kenneth. USEPA method study 38 SW-846 method 3010 acid digestion of aqueous samples and extracts for total metals for analysis by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, 1989.
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Paula, Renato Tavares de. O conteúdo do direito de acesso à justiça na jurisprudência da corte europeia de direitos humanos. Editora Reflexão Acadêmica, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51497/reflex.0000348.
Анотація:
Nesta primeira edição, o autor, Defensor Público Federal, no desígnio de contribuir junto à comunidade acadêmica, analisa julgamentos realizados pela Corte Europeia de Direitos Humanos que sistematizam o conceito de acesso à justiça idealizado por aquele tribunal, em tema, diga-se de passagem, ainda pouco avaliado e aprofundado pela doutrina pátria. Os julgados estudados e comentados permitem extrair a viga mestra da estrutura do princípio fundamental de acesso à justiça: a) no caso Golder X Reino Unido conclui-se que embora existam limites implícitos ao acesso à justiça, não se pode obstar a consulta de vulnerável (preso) a um advogado; b) em Artico X Itália nota-se que a Convenção Europeia visa garantir não direitos ilusórios, mas direitos práticos e efetivos; c) no famoso Airey X Irlanda delineia-se o dever global dos estados europeus de proporcionar aos pobres a prestação de assistência gratuita para promover ações na esfera cível; d) e por fim, em Czekalla x Portugal a Corte Regional avança no conceito de acesso à justiça, ao pontuar que a defesa técnica, no sistema criminal, exige um conteúdo mínimo de proteção de efetividade. A lição da Corte Regional Europeia é intensa: é necessário que todos apresentem qualidades iguais de ingressar na esfera judicial, principalmente em demandas contra o Estado, como se pretende evidenciar durante toda a leitura do livro.
Частини книг з теми "Extraits aqueux":
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Khan, Babar, Mohammad Mobin, and Ruby Aslam. "Aqueous and Organic Extracts." In Phytochemistry in Corrosion Science, 61–75. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003394631-4.
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Quinn, Ronald J. "Chemistry of Aqueous Marine Extracts: Isolation Techniques." In Bioorganic Marine Chemistry, 1–41. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-48346-2_1.
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Maneein, Supattra, John J. Milledge, and Birthe V. Nielsen. "Enhancing Methane Production from Spring-Harvested Sargassum muticum." In Springer Proceedings in Energy, 117–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63916-7_15.
Анотація:
AbstractSargassum muticum is a brown seaweed which is invasive to Europe and currently treated as waste. The use of S. muticum for biofuel production by anaerobic digestion (AD) is limited by low methane (CH4) yields. This study compares the biochemical methane potential (BMP) of S. muticum treated in three different approaches: aqueous methanol (70% MeOH) treated, washed, and untreated. Aqueous MeOH treatment of spring-harvested S. muticum was found to increase CH4 production potential by almost 50% relative to the untreated biomass. The MeOH treatment possibly extracts AD inhibitors which could be high-value compounds for use in the pharmaceutical industry, showing potential for the development of a biorefinery approach; ultimately exploiting this invasive seaweed species.
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Subramanian, L., Koshy Obey, and Thomas Sabu. "Phytosynthesis of Cu And Fe Nanoparticles using Aqueous Plant Extracts." In Polymeric and Nanostructured Materials, 141–52. Oakville, ON ; Waretown, NJ : Apple Academic Press, 2019. |: Apple Academic Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b22428-10.
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Makaza, K., M. Matigimu, and N. Sakadzo. "Aqueous Leaf Extracts of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) for Weed Management." In Climate Change Adaptations in Dryland Agriculture in Semi-Arid Areas, 145–55. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7861-5_10.
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Venkatachalam, V. V., and B. Rajinikanth. "Immunomodulatory Activity of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Ocimum sanctum." In Recent Advancements in System Modelling Applications, 425–32. India: Springer India, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1035-1_37.
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Sherkat, F., S. K. Razavi, and B. Karatzas. "Protein Recovery and Trypsin Inhibitor Removal from Aqueous Extracts of Soy Flour." In Plant Proteins from European Crops, 279–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03720-1_47.
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Deng, Wuyuan. "Antimicrobial Effects of Aqueous Extracts Obtained from Fallen Leaves of Ginkgo biloba." In Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Applied Biotechnology (ICAB 2012), 401–8. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37916-1_41.
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Pinheiro, Joaquina, Elsa M. Gonçalves, and Rui Ganhão. "Potential Use of Aqueous Extracts of Kombu Seaweed in Cream Cracker Formulation." In Food Engineering Series, 171–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61817-9_9.
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Tănase, Luiza-Andreea, Oana-Viorela Nistor, Doina-Georgeta Andronoiu, Dănuț-Gabriel Mocanu, Sorin Ciortan, Elena Ioniță, Andreea Veronica Botezatu Dediu, Elisabeta Botez, and Bogdan Ioan Ștefănescu. "Galactogogue Herbs: Antioxidant Activity and Bioactive Compounds’ Content Determined from Aqueous Extracts." In 10th Central European Congress on Food, 128–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04797-8_12.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Extraits aqueux":
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Stojanova, Monika, Dragutin Djukic, Marina Todor Stojanova, Aziz Şatana, and Blazo Lalevic. "DETERMINATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL POTENTIAL OF AGARICUS MACROSPORUS AND RUSSULA VESCA MUSHROOM EXTRACTS." In XXVII savetovanje o biotehnologiji. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt27.477s.
Анотація:
The aim of this research was to determine the antibacterial potential ofaqueous and ethanolic extract of wild mushroom species: Agaricus macrosporus and Russulavesca. Extracts from R.vesca were characterized with higher values for total carbohydrates and total proteins. Both aqueous extracts had higher antibacterial activity compared to ethanolic extracts. Aqueous extract from R.vesca showed higher antibacterial activity against B. cereus (13.6mm), E.faecalis (12.1 mm), E. coli(16.7 mm) and P.aeruginosa (10.5 mm) compared to gentamicin or neomycin. This study represents a novel starting point for future researchin which mushroom extracts can be used in various industry fields.
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Protsenko, M. A., E. I. Filippova, E. V. Makarevich, I. A. Gorbunova, T. V. Teplyakova, and N. A. Mazurkova. "ANTIVIRAL PROPERTIES OF EXTRACTS OF BASIDIOMYCETES OF THE NOVOSIBIRSK REGION." In X Международная конференция молодых ученых: биоинформатиков, биотехнологов, биофизиков, вирусологов и молекулярных биологов — 2023. Novosibirsk State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/978-5-4437-1526-1-259.
Анотація:
Dry ethanolic and aqueous extracts from fruiting bodies and cultivated mycelium of basidiomycetes were obtained and investigated for chemical composition. In vitro extracts are active against influenza virus A, herpes simplex virus type 2, vaccinia virus and mouse poxvirus. The in vivo antiviral activity of Fomes fomentarius mycelium extract against influenza virus subtype H3N2 was studied.
3
Lupaescu, Ancuta-Veronica, Nicoleta Flutur, Brindusa-Alina Petre, Monica Iavorschi, and Florin Ursachi. "ENHANCING THE ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF CHAMOMILE: EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF ULTRASOUND ON PROTEIN EXTRACTION." In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023v/6.2/s25.20.
Анотація:
Chamomile flower, a well-known medicinal plant, possesses significant antioxidant properties attributed to its diverse array of bioactive compounds, including antioxidant proteins. These proteins are vital in combating oxidative stress and neutralizing harmful free radicals. To fully harness the antioxidant potential of chamomile, it is imperative to optimize the extraction methods. This study evaluates the effectiveness of nonconventional mechanical extraction methods using ultrasound to extract antioxidant compounds from chamomile, comparing it with a traditional agitation-based technique. The extracts obtained using green solvents such as basic aqueous solutions or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) showed that while the ultrasound extraction requires a shorted extraction time compared to traditional methods, it yields a more active extract in terms of antioxidant activity. These active constituent-rich extracts were then subjected to thorough characterization and quantification using advanced analytical techniques, such as gel electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, UV-vis, and FTIR spectroscopy. Finally, the antioxidant capacity of the aqueous extract was determined using the DPPH free radical method and the FRAP assay.
4
"Determination of Antioxidant Property, Total Phenolics Content, and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Different Solvent Extracts of Defatted and Non-Defatted Peanut Skins". У 4th International Conference on Biological & Health Sciences (CIC-BIOHS’2022). Cihan University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/biohs2022/paper.781.
Анотація:
Peanut skins are by-product with little economic value. The effect of different solvents, on the total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant property and in vitro antidiabetic activity of defatted and non-defatted peanut skins was determined. TPC was estimated using Folin-Ciocalteau reagent. Antioxidant property was evaluated using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2, 2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity methods, α-glucosidase inhibition was evaluated using 4- nitrophenyl α-D-glucopyranoside (pNPG) method. Peanut skin of the defatted extracted with ethanol had the much of the content of total phenolics (391.76 mg/g GAE). Highest DPPH scavenging property was found in the methanolic extract of defatted peanut skins with IC50 value of 15.00 ± 1.00 μg/mL, while highest FRAP value was found in the aqueous extract of non-defatted extracts. Aqueous extracts demonstrated stronger inhibitory property against α-glucosidase and had IC50 of 16.33 ± 1.15 and 16.33 ± 8.50 μg/mL for defatted and non-defatted extracts, respectively. The finding of the present shows that peanut skins are important by-product for utilization as natural antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitors.
5
Dyshlyuk L.S., L. S., and N. V. Fotina N.V. "Antimicrobial activity of water-alcohol extracts of Hedysarum neglectum." In Растениеводство и луговодство. Тимирязевская сельскохозяйственная академия, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1762-4-2020-7.
Анотація:
Hedysarum neglectum is a promising source of biologically active substances that exhibit antimicrobial activity. We determined the antimicrobial activity of aqueous ethanol extracts of Hedysarum neglectum. The maximum activity is observed in the extract obtained at a temperature of 50 °C using 50 % ethyl alcohol.
6
"Towards green extraction: A study on solvent selection and methods for antioxidant activities of Diplazium esculentum Retz. and Stenochlaena palustris." In Sustainable Processes and Clean Energy Transition. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902516-56.
Анотація:
Abstract. Green extraction method by combination of stirring method with no presence of heat and the use of aqueous as solvent were highlighted in this study. Various solvents (aqueous, chloroform, ethyl acetate, hexane and methanol) and two extraction methods (stirring and Soxhlet) were used to study their effect on the yield, qualitative phytochemical content, and antioxidant properties of Diplazium esculentum Retz. and Stenochlaena palustris. Stirring extraction method in aqueous has shown to provide highest yield in both plant species with D. esculentum at 8.88% and S. palustris at 9.40%. Saponin was also seen present in both aqueous extracts qualitatively. In the case of FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) assay, aqueous extract of D. esculentum (DEA) had the highest value with 687.57 + 0.01 μg Fe(II)E/ml, while stirring method in various solvents had shown to produce high antioxidant activities compared to Soxhlet method. This study revealed that aqueous extracts by stirring method is a promising method for extraction of plant materials and at the same time leading towards a green environment.
7
Thuvaragan, S., H. M. P. M. Jeyasinghe, and A. Murugananthan. "Comparative Evaluation of in - vitro Anthelmintic Activity of Sap, Fruit bulb, and Root of Borassus flabellifer." In 2nd International Conference on Public Health and Well-being. iConferences (Pvt) Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32789/publichealth.2021.1011.
Анотація:
Helminth infections are major health problems, especially in developing countries with warm and humid environments. Limited synthetic drugs are available for treating helminth infections, and some of them showed resistance to helminths. Phytoconstituents can be used to develop cheap and effective anthelminthic drugs. Borassus flabellifer has been used in traditional medicine, in addition to consuming as food. This study was designed to evaluate the comparative in vitro anthelmintic activities of aqueous and methanol extracts of root, fruit pulp, and sap of Borassus flabellifer using two different concentrations (50 and 100 mg/mL). Adult earthworms, Eisenia fetida was used to evaluate the in-vitro anthelmintic activity. In-vitro anthelmintic activity was evaluated by determining times of paralysis and the death of worms. The anthelminthic activity of extracts was compared with mebendazole, and earthworm saline was used as a control. ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison test was used to compare the activities of extracts with mebendazole. All extracts showed concentrations dependent activity. All extracts except aqueous extract of roots of Borassus flabellifer showed statistically significant in-vitro anthelminthic activity. Further studies are needed to isolate and evaluate the active components from the extracts of Borassus flabellifer.
8
M.Hussein, Ali, Nadir Nanakali, and Mohammed M.Hussein. "EFFECT OF HYPERICUM PERFORATUM ON GASTRIC ULCER IN RAT." In 4th International Conference on Biological & Health Sciences (CIC-BIOHS’2022). Cihan University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/biohs2022/paper.742.
Анотація:
Gastric ulcer is a chronic condition that occurs when the mucosa of the stomach is broken. There is a physiological equilibrium between aggressive factors and mucosal defense. This study aimed to determine the prevention level and efficiency of herbal medicinal plants (Hypericum perforatum) and compared with the omeprazole drug.Many groups were prepared from Albino male rats, first control group (inoculate with H. pylori and fed with standard pellet), Second group, rats inoculated by H. pylori and prevented with aqueous extract H. perforatum in two dosages (250mg/kg, 500mg/kg), Third group inoculated by H. pylori and prevented with standard drug omeprazole at the dose (20mg/kg).The result showed that H. perforatum inhibits (50.65%) stomach ulcer formation with a high dose. Omeprazole's' group results showed (24.50%) stomachs ulcer formation. Although the result of the current study improves, a high dosage of aqueous extracts of plants has more effectiveness than the low dosage of aqueous extracts of plants.
9
Kuzovkova, A. A., M. S. Turko, and T. P. Krymskaya. "MEASUREMENT METHOD OF AGIDOL-40, ACETOPHENONE, VULCACIT, SULPHENAMIDE C MASS CONCENTRATIONS IN WATER EXTRACTS FROM CONSUMER GOODS." In SAKHAROV READINGS 2022: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2022-1-262-266.
Анотація:
The determination of agidol-40, acetophenone, vulcacit, sulphenamide С in water extracts from consumer goods is carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography with detection at 240 nm and the method of absolute calibration. Previously, the substances are extracted twice from 50 cm3 of an aqueous extract with dichloromethane, 30 cm3 each, the resulting extract is concentrated under vacuum, the dry residue is dissolved in acetonitrile (1 cm3). A Nucleodur C18 Pyramid (Macherey-Nagel) column (250 mm x 3,0 mm, grain size 5,0pm; thermostat temperature 25 °С) is used as a stationary phase. A mixture of water with acetonitrile and 2-propanol in a ratio of 4:74:22 (v : v) is used as a mobile phase. The limit of quantitative detection of vulcacit in water extracts from consumer goods is 0,31 mg/dm3, sulphenamide С - 0,08 mg/dm3, agidol-40 - 0,13 mg/dm3, acetophenone - 0,02 mg/dm3.
10
Iancu, Ionica, Viorel Herman, Ileana Nichita, Alexandru Gligor, and Anca Hulea. "RESEARCH ON THE ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT OF ALLIUM SATIVUM EXTRACT ON SOME STRAINS OF SALMONELLA SPP ISOLATED FROM DOGS." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022v/6.2/s29.90.
Анотація:
In recent years, the development of resistance to various antibiotics frequently used in veterinary practice has been observed. The cause seems to be the excessive use of antibiotics without doing an antibiogram. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effect of different garlic extracts on Salmonella strains isolated from dogs. The research was carried out on a number of 19 strains of Salmonella spp. isolated from fecal samples from dogs. Salmonella spp is a bacterium with zoonotic risk. Different concentrations of alcoholic extract of Allium Sativum (100%, 50%, 25%), aqueous extract of garlic, and oil extract of garlic were tested on the 19 strains of Salmonella spp., isolated from fecal samples from dogs. Antimicrobial effect testing of Allium Sativum extract was performed on Mueller Hinton agar. In the case of the alcoholic extract of Allium Sativum 100% and in the case of garlic oil (25 mg Allicin), the highest value of the diameter of the inhibition zone (30 mm) was recorded. The lowest value of the zone of inhibition was recorded, in the case of the 25% alcoholic extract of garlic, approximately 11 mm. The aqueous extract of Allium Sativum had the diameter of the zone of inhibition variable from one strain to another, with values between 22 mm and 29 mm. We recommended the use of the alcoholic extract of Allium Sativum 100 % and the same amount of garlic oil with a concentration of 25 mg Allicin, in case of infection with Salmonella spp. with multiple resistance to antibiotics.
Звіти організацій з теми "Extraits aqueux":
1
Ridhowati, Sherly. Evaluation of the safe consumption of aqueous extract of flour from Stichopus variegates. Biomedpress, November 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15419/arr.2019.4.
2
Toshkova-Yotova, Tanya, Ani Georgieva, Plamen Pilarski, and Reneta Toshkova. Aqueous Extracts of Green Microalga Coelastrella sp. BGV Display Antiproliferative and Proapoptotic Activity in Vitro against HeLa Tumour Cells. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2021.05.07.
3
Alale, Theophilus, Nelson Opoku, and Charles Adarkwah. The Efficacy of Aqueous False Yam (Icacina oliviformis) Tuber Extract Against Cowpea Aphids (Aphis craccivora Koch). Journal of Young Investigators, April 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.22186/jyi.32.3.7-22-24.
4
Crouch, Rebecca, Jared Smith, Bobbi Stromer, Christian Hubley, Samuel Beal, Guilherme Lotufo, Afrachanna Butler, et al. Preparative, extraction, and analytical methods for simultaneous determination of legacy and insensitive munition (IM) constituents in aqueous, soil or sediment, and tissue matrices. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41480.
Анотація:
No standard method exists for determining levels of insensitive munition (IM) compounds in environmental matrices. This project resulted in new methods of extraction, analytical separation and quantitation of 17 legacy and 7 IM compounds, daughter products of IM, and other munition compounds absent from USEPA Method 8330B. Extraction methods were developed for aqueous (direct-injection and solid-phase extraction [SPE]), soil, sediment, and tissue samples using laboratory-spiked samples. Aqueous methods were tested on 5 water sources, with 23 of 24 compounds recovered within DoD QSM Ver5.2 limits. New solvent extraction (SE) methods enabled recovery of all 24 compounds from 6 soils within QSM limits, and a majority of the 24 compounds were recovered at acceptable levels from 4 tissues types. A modified chromatographic treatment method removed analytical interferences from tissue extracts. Two orthogonal high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) separation methods, along with an HPLC–mass spectrometric (HPLC-MS) method, were developed. Implementing these new methods should reduce labor and supply costs by approximately 50%, requiring a single extraction and sample preparation, and 2 analyses rather than 4. These new methods will support environmental monitoring of IM and facilitate execution of risk-related studies to determine long-term effects of IM compounds.
5
Poole, Loree Joanne, and C. Judson King. Novel Regenerated Solvent Extraction Processes for the Recovery of Carboxylic Acids or Ammonia from Aqueous Solutions Part I. Regeneration of Amine-Carboxylic Acid Extracts. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/937438.
6
Crouch, Rebecca, Jared Smith, Bobbi Stromer, Christian Hubley, Samuel Beal, Guilherme Lotufo, Afrachanna Butler, et al. Methods for simultaneous determination of legacy and insensitive munition (IM) constituents in aqueous, soil/sediment, and tissue matrices. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41720.
Анотація:
Currently, no standard method exists for analyzing insensitive munition (IM) compounds in environmental matrices, with or without concurrent legacy munition compounds, resulting in potentially inaccurate determinations. The primary objective of this work was to develop new methods of extraction, pre-concentration, and analytical separation/quantitation of 17 legacy munition compounds along with several additional IM compounds, IM breakdown products, and other munition compounds that are not currently included in U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Method 8330B. Analytical methods were developed to enable sensitive, simultaneous detection and quantitation of the 24 IM and legacy compounds, including two orthogonal high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) column separations with either ultraviolet (UV) or mass spectrometric (MS) detection. Procedures were developed for simultaneous extraction of all 24 analytes and two surrogates (1,2-dinitrobenzene, 1,2-DNB; o-NBA) from high- and low-level aqueous matrices and solid matrices, using acidification, solid phase extraction (SPE), or solvent extraction (SE), respectively. The majority of compounds were recovered from four tissue types within current limits for solids, with generally low recovery only for Tetryl (from 4 to 62%). A preparatory chromatographic interference removal procedure was adapted for tissue extracts, as various analytical interferences were observed for all studied tissue types.