Готові списки джерел за темами / External carotid artery

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "External carotid artery"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 7 липня 2024
Оновлено: 7 липня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "External carotid artery":

1

Gavrilidou, P., D. M. Iliescu, R. Baz, and P. Bordei. "Morphological characteristics of the external carotid artery." ARS Medica Tomitana 19, no. 2 (May 1, 2013): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/arsm-2013-0013.

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Abstract The morphological characteristics at the level of the bifurcation of the common carotid artery were studied on 46 cases, finding that the most frequent, in 52.17% of cases, the common carotid bifurcation appear as the letter “V”, with two possible variations: a wide “V”, in 43.48% of cases and narrow “V” in 8.7% of cases. In 30.43% of cases, the two carotids showed an ascending traject, united for 1-2 cm up to their crossing; in 13,04% of the cases the two arteries were superimposed, the external located anteriorly. In only in two cases on the right side (4.35% of cases and 8.33% of right samples) we found a peculiar aspect of a “U” shaped bifurcation. Regarding the caliber of the external carotid artery, we found that in 43.33% of the cases the external carotid artery had a similar diameter to the internal carotid, also in 43.33% of the external carotid artery have a higher caliber than internal one and the remaining 13.33% of the cases, the external carotid artery had a smaller diameter than the internal one, with all cases on the left (16.67% of left carotid arteries). The caliber of the right external carotid artery was between 4 to 5.6 mm and the one of the left was between 3.6 to 5 mm. When the external carotid was more voluminous than the internal, the differences were 0.5 to 1.2 mm and when the internal carotid was more voluminous than the external, the differences were smaller, 0.2 to 0.8 mm. In relation to the common carotid, the external carotid had a smaller caliber from 0.6 to 1.1 mm. Regarding the external carotid traject, most commonly, from the bifurcation of the common carotid, the external carotid artery showed a vertical trajectory, in 50% of cases; in 40% of cases, the traject was oblique superomedially and in 6.67% of cases the external carotid artery described a curve with the convexity facing laterally, with all cases on the right (11.76% of right carotid arteries); in 3.33% of cases, both on the left (7.69% of the left carotid arteries), the external carotid artery traject described an inverted italic “S”
2

Sonu and Sunita Kalra. "AN UNDOCUMENTED RARE BRANCHING PATTERN OF EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 8, no. 4.1 (November 10, 2020): 7767–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2020.211.

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The external carotid arterial system supplies the areas of head and neck region. The knowledge of possible anatomical variations occurring in branching pattern of external carotid artery is crucial especially in the surgeries of head, neck and face; as well as for interpretation of radiological investigations like angiograms. During routine dissection of head and region for undergraduate students we discovered common trunk for lingual, facial and ascending pharyngeal arteries. Also, the occipital artery is arising just before the common trunk from the external carotid artery. KEY WORDS: External carotid artery, branches, common trunk, occipital artery.
3

Ankolekar, Vrinda Hari, Anne D. Souza, Mamatha Hosapatna, and Amoldeep Singh. "BRANCHES OF EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 6, no. 3.2 (August 10, 2018): 5504–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2018.257.

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4

S., Naveen Kumar, and Naveen Kumar K. "Variations in Branching Pattern of External Carotid Artery." Indian Journal of Anatomy 7, no. 5 (2018): 515–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ija.2320.0022.7518.9.

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5

Chitra, R. "Trifurcation of the right common carotid artery." Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery 41, no. 01 (January 2008): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1699237.

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ABSTRACTVariations in the position of the bifurcation of the common carotid artery and the origin or branching pattern of the external carotid artery are well known and documented. Here, we report the trifurcation of the right common carotid artery in a male cadaver aged about 55 years. The right common carotid artery was found to divide into the external and internal carotids and the occipital artery. High division of bilateral common carotid arteries and a lateral position of the right external carotid artery at its origin were also observed in the same cadaver. There were two ascending pharyngeal arteries on the right side - one from the occipital artery and another from the internal carotid artery. The intraarterial approach is one of the most important routes for the administration of anticancer drugs for head and neck cancers. A profound knowledge of the anatomical characteristics and variations of the carotid artery such as its branching pattern and its position is essential to avoid complications with catheter insertion.
6

Masson, R. L., and A. L. Day. "External Carotid Artery Reconstruction." Neurosurgery 30, no. 5 (May 1, 1992): 802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006123-199205000-00035.

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7

Masson, R. L., and A. L. Day. "External Carotid Artery Reconstruction." Neurosurgery 30, no. 5 (May 1992): 802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/00006123-199205000-00035.

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8

McIntyre, K. E. "External Carotid Artery Thromboendarterectomy." Perspectives in Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy 3, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/153100359000300114.

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9

Mukhia, Rajeev. "Anatomical Variations in the Branches of External Carotid Artery in Cadavers of Nepalese Origin." Journal of Human Anatomy 4, no. 1 (January 7, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/jhua-16000144.

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Introduction: Knowledge of the position and the variations of the external carotid artery and its branches are essential for faciomaxillary surgery and surgeries of the neck. The variations in the branching pattern are also essential to avoid complications with catheter insertion of carotid arteries in various procedures and pre-operative angiography. The external carotid artery is an important route for administration of anticancer drugs for head and neck cancer, so the knowledge of anatomy of branching pattern of external carotid artery is clinically important. Materials and Methods: Total 30 external carotid arteries were included in the present study. The dissection of the external carotid artery was carried in the dissection hall of the Anatomy Department, Manipal College of Medical Sciences. When all the branches and course of the external carotid artery was visible, variations was noted. The length of artery was measured with the help of thread, scale and vernier calliper. All the data were analyzed with Microsoft Excel 2007 software and represented as mean and standard deviation. Results: Average length of the external carotid artery from its origin by bifurcation of the common carotid artery to its termination is 8.1 cm on the right side and 8.0 cm on the left side. 40 % of the external carotid artery shows variations in the branching pattern on right side where as 53.4 % of external carotid artery shows variations on left side. Conclusion: The mean length of external carotid artery is more or less difference between right and left side. The prevalence of variations of external carotid artery was seen more on the left side as compared to the right side. The variations in the branching pattern of external carotid artery are important to the vascular surgeons as well as radiologists to prevent diagnostic errors and also to avoid complications while performing surgery in the head and neck region.
10

N, Esakkiammal, Renu Chauhan, and Rakhee Sharma. "CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS OF VARIABLE ORIGIN OF EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY BRANCHES AND HIGH LEVEL BIFURCATION OF COMMON CAROTID ARTERY." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 5, no. 2.3 (June 30, 2017): 3958–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2017.228.

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Статті в журналах

Дисертації з теми "External carotid artery":

1

Vladimir, Manojlović. "Značaj karotidne endarterektomije kod asimptomatskih pacijenata sa nekompletnom kolateralizacijom unutar Vilisovog poligona." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Medicinski fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2015. http://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=95440&source=NDLTD&language=en.

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UVOD: Vilisov poligon predstavlja najznačajniju rezervu kolateralnog protoka između ekstrakranijalnih arterija koje vaskularizuju mozak i ima sposobnost razvoja kolateranih puteva kod ekstrakranijalne karotidne bolesti. Ova anatomska struktura podložna je varijacijama koje uključuju i prekid kontinuiteta i nekompletnost kolateralizacije. CILJEVI: Cilj je bio da se utvrdi da li nekompletnost Vilisovog poligona utiče na češće pojavljivanje neurološke simptomatologije i ishemijske moždane lezije kod pacijenata sa ekstrakranijalnom karotidnom bolesti. Takođe cilj je bio i da se utvrdi da li cerebrovaskularna reaktivnost kod pacijenata sa asimptomatskom ekstrakranijalnom karotidnom bolesti zavisi od kompletosti Vilisovog poligona i na koji način hirurški tretman utiče na parametre cerebrovaskularne rezerve kod pacijenata sa kompletnim i nekompletnim Vilisovim poligonom. METOD: U retrospektivnoj studiji analiziran je nalaz MRA kod 211 pacijenata sa ekstrakranijalnom karotidnom bolesti i 102 pacijenta iz kontrolne grupe. U prospektivnoj studiji je kod 98 pacijenata sa asimptomatskom karotidnom bolesti pored MRA nalaza određivana cerebrovaskularna reaktivnost putem određivanja „breath hold index“-a (BHI) pre i nakon operativnog tretmana. REZULTATI: Nekompletan Vilisov poligon nađen je kod 25% asimptomatskih, 47,5% simptomatskih pacijenata sa karotidnom bolesti i kod 59% kontrolne grupe pacijenata, pri čemu su se razlike pokazale kao statistički značajne. Kod asimptomatskih pacijenata sa nekompletnim Vilisovim poligonom BHI preoperativno iznostio je 0,62 a postoperativno 1,01 na strani lezije. U slučaju nekompletnog Vilisovog poligona preoperativna vrednost BHI iznostila je 0,88 a postoperativna 1,09 na strani lezije. Razlike su se pokazale kao statistički značajne između grupa i pre i posle operativnog tretmana. Porast je bio statistički značajno izraženiji u grupi asimptomatskih pacijenata sa nekompletnim Vilisovim poligonom. Nisu zabeležene major operativne komplikacije (perioeprativni moždani udar,smrtni ishod) a na pojavu hiperperfuzionog sindroma najviše su uticali kompletnost Vilisovog poligona, vrednost BHI i preoperativni tretman hipertenzije. ZAKLJUČCI: Nekompletan Vilisov poligon predstavlja faktor rizika za pojavu neurološke simptomatologije ili ishemijske moždane lezije kod pacijenata sa ekstrakranijalnom karotidnom bolesti. Kod asimptomatskih pacijenata nekompletan Vilisov pologon utiče na smanjenu cerebrovaskularnu reaktivnost i veći rizik od moždanog udara. Parametri cerebrovaskularne reaktivnosti signifikantno se poboljšavaju nakon operativnog tretmana.
INTRODUCTION: Circle of Willis is the most important reserve of collateral flow between the extracranial arteries that supply the brain and has the ability to develop collateral pathways in extracranial carotid disease. This anatomical structure is subject to variations which include a disruption in the continuity and incompleteness of collateralisation. OBJECTIVES: was to determine whether the incompleteness of the Circle of Willis is more often associated with neurological symptoms and ishemic cerebral lesions in patients with extracranial carotid artery disease. Also, the objective was to determine whether cerebrovascular reactivity in patients with asymptomatic extracranial carotid artery disease depends on the completeness Circle of Willis and how surgical treatment affects the parameters of cerebrovascular reserve in patients with complete and incomplete Circle of Willis. METHODS: This study analyzed the findings of MRA in 211 patients with extracranial carotid artery disease and 102 patients in the control group. In prospective study in 98 patients with asymptomatic carotid artery disease in addition to the MRA findings cerebrovascular reactivity was determined by determining the "breath hold index" -a (BHI) before and after surgical treatment. RESULTS: Incomplete Circle of Willis was found in 25% of asymptomatic, 47.5% of symptomatic patients with carotid artery disease, and 59% of the control group patients, where the difference proved to be statistically significant. In asymptomatic patients with incomplete Circle of Willis BHI values were 0.62 preoperatively and 1.01 postoperatively on the side of the lesion. In the case of incomplete Circle of Willis preoperative BHI values were 0.88 preopertively and 1.09 postoperatively in asymptomatic patients. The differences are shown to be statistically significant between the groups before and after surgical treatment. The increase was significantly more pronounced in the group of asymptomatic patients with incomplete Circle of Willis. There were not recorded major operative complications (perioeprativni stroke, mortality) and the occurrence hyperperfusion syndrome was most affected by completeness of the Circle of Willis, a value BHI and preoperative treatment of hypertension. CONCLUSIONS: Incomplete Circle of Willis is a risk factor for the occurrence of neurological symptoms or ischemic brain lesions in patients with extracranial carotid artery disease. In asymptomatic patients incomplete Circle of Willis affects the reduced cerebrovascular reactivity and a higher risk of stroke. The parameters of cerebrovascular reactivity significantly improved after surgical treatment.
2

Satogami, Naoe. "Visualization of external carotid artery and its branches: Non-contrast-enhanced MR angiography using balanced steady-state free-precession sequence and a time-spatial labeling inversion pulse." Kyoto University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/142043.

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3

Coutinho, Meriangela Pereira. "Efeitos da CATUAMA sobre a função ventricular, a mecânica do músculo cardíaco e os parâmetros hemodinâmicos de ratos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5164/tde-04082010-120638/.

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O fitoterápico CATUAMA, utilizado no Brasil há mais de 20 anos, e seu extrato isolado T catigua apresentam efeito de reversão e prevenção da fibrilação ventricular (FV). FV, em pacientes com disfunção cardíaca, representa uma importante causa de morte súbita no mundo ocidental. Neste contexto, os efeitos de CATUAMA sobre a função cardíaca e os parâmetros hemodinâmicos foram investigados em ratos normais. Várias concentrações (10 a 800 ?g/mL) de CATUAMA (uma mistura dos extratos das plantas Trichilia Catigua, Paullinia Cupana, Ptychopetalum Olacoide e Zingiber Officinale) e de cada um de seus constituintes foram infundidas em preparações de músculos papilares isolados. A tensão desenvolvida (TD), tensão de relaxamento (TR) e as velocidades de aumento e redução da tensão (dT/dtmax e dT/dtmin) foram analisadas. Uma única dose de 200 ?g/mL foi injetada na veia jugular direita in situ. Os índices (dP/dtmax e dP/dtmin) de função ventricular esquerda (VE), as pressões sistólica (PSVE) e diastólica final (PDFVE), de perfusão coronariana (PPC), arteriais sistólica (PAS), diastólica (PAD) e média (PAM) e a frequência cardíaca (FC) foram monitoradas por 10min via cateterização VE. CATUAMA afetou a contratilidade miocárdica na maior dose (dose tóxica), reduzindo 9% a TD e 16% a TR, aumentando 90% a dT/dtmin. CATUAMA também melhorou em até 16% as PAS, PAD, PAM e PPC. Seus extratos isolados apresentaram efeitos diferenciados. T catigua não interferiu nas variáveis. P cupana reduziu a contratilidade e a PDFVE e aumentou os parâmetros hemodinâmicos assim como CATUAMA. P olacoide reduziu a TD, a TR e a PDFVE. Z officinale também reduziu a TD e a TR. CATUAMA e T catigua não trazem prejuízo à função cardíaca.
The Brazilian herbal medicine CATUAMA and its extract T catigua have shown reversion and prevention action on ventricular fibrillation (VF). VF, in patients with cardiac dysfunction, is an important cause of sudden death in Western world. In this regard, CATUAMA effects on cardiac function and hemodynamic parameters in normal rats were investigated. Various concentrations (10 to 800?g/mL) of CATUAMA (a mixture of Trichilia Catigua, Paullinia Cupana, Ptychopetalum Olacoide and Zingiber Officinale) and each herbal extract were infused into isolated papillary muscle bath. Developed tension (DT), tension at rest (RT) and velocities of increase and decrease tension (dT/dtmax and dT/dtmin) were analyzed. A single 200?g/mL dose was injected into jugular vein in situ. Left ventricular (LV) function index (dP/dtmax and dP/dtmin), LV systolic and end-diastolic pressures (LVSP and LVEDP), coronary driving pressure (CDP), systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressures (SBP, DBP and MBP) and heart rate (HR) were monitored during 10min by LV catheterization. CATUAMA affected myocardium contractility in the higher and toxic dose, decreasing 9% DT and 16% TR and increasing 90% dT/dtmin. CATUAMA also improved 16% SBP, DBP, MBP and CDP. Its isolated extracts showed different actions. T catigua demonstrated no interference in the variables. P cupana decreased contractility and LVEDP. It improved hemodynamic parameters as CATUAMA. P olacoide decreased DT, TR and LVEDP. Z officinale also decreased DT and TR. CATUAMA and T catigua did not affect cardiac function. These are important results for development of a new drug to prevent and to reverse VF without heart function impairment.
4

Lanéelle, Damien. "Hémodynamique cérébrale et périphérique dans un contexte de variation de pression de perfusion d'origine environnementale ou pathologique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023NORMC430.

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L’hémodynamique occupe une place centrale dans la prise en charge des maladies vasculaires et en physiologie gravitationnelle. Les travaux présentés ici explorent l’analyse spectrale du signal doppler (ou sonogramme) dans l’artériopathie et l’effet de la microgravité sur l’hémodynamique cérébrale. La reproductibilité de l’analyse de sonogramme est faible quelle que soit la classification utilisée (κ=0.522 [0.520-0.523], p < 0.005 avec 4 catégories, κ=0.546 [0.544-0.547], p < 0.001 avec 13 catégories), indépendamment du diplôme ou de l’expérience. La classification à 13 catégories a un taux de déviance faible par rapport aux autres (5% contre 82 à 88%). Ces résultats encouragent à identifier une méthode d’analyse du sonogramme plus reproductible. Les transitions gravitationnelles sont associées à une augmentation des biomarqueurs de rupture de la barrière hémato-encéphalique ainsi que du stress oxydant et nitrosant (augmentation des protéines GFAP et S100ß, augmentation des radicaux libres et réduction du monoxyde d’azote biodisponible, p < 0,05). La microgravité entraine une augmentation sélective rapide du débit sanguin de l’artère carotide externe ( ̇��ECA, 46% ; p = 0,030, mesuré en échodoppler) alors que le débit sanguin cérébral (DSC) reste identique. Les variations de DSC liées à l’hypercapnie (+ 29% ±18) ou à l’hypovolémie simulée (- 11% ±10) ainsi que la distribution de ce DSC (entre les circulations cérébrales antérieure et postérieure, mesuré en angiographie de flux par résonance magnétique) sont indépendantes de l’anatomie artérielle intracrânienne. Ces résultats encouragent à évaluer l’effet combiné de l’hypoxie et de la microgravité sur le ̇��ECA ainsi que le lien avec les troubles neuro-oculaires associés aux vols spatiaux. La perspective commune est l’étude des résistances vasculaires périphériques afin d’une part de standardiser les conditions d’acquisition des sonogrammes dans le cadre de l’artériopathie ; et d’autre part, d’étudier les potentielles contre-mesures permettant une régulation des débits artériels dans le cadre de la physiologie gravitationnelle
The work presented here explore the spectral analysis of the sonogram and the impact of microgravity on cerebral hemodynamics. The reproducibility of sonogram analysis by classification is low (κ=0.522 [0.520-0.523], p<0.005 with 4 categories, κ=0.546 [0.544-0.547], p<0.001 with 13 categories) independently of the professional’s diploma or experience. The 13-category classification had a low deviance rate (5% compared with 82% to 88%). Gravitational transitions can promote a minor rupture of the blood-brain barrier (significant increase in specific biomarkers, p < 0.05). Microgravity causes a selective increase in external carotid artery blood flow ( ̇��ECA, 46%; p = 0.030) while cerebral blood flow (CBF) remains unchanged. The variations in CBF associated with hypercapnia (+29% ±18) or simulated hypovolemia (-11% ±10) and the distribution of this CBF were independent of intracranial arterial anatomy. These results encourage us to evaluate the combined effect of hypoxia and microgravity on the ̇��ECA as well as the link with the spaceflight associated neuro-ocular syndrome. The common perspective is to study the control of peripheral vascular resistance in order, on the one hand, to standardize the conditions for acquiring sonograms in the context of arteriopathy and, on the other hand, to study potential countermeasures for regulating the arterial flow in the context of gravitational physiology
5

Gabsch, Uwe. "Carotis-TEA mit Reinseration in die Arteria carotis externa, eine neue OP-Variante. Vergleich mit den bisherigen Standardverfahren." [S.l. : s.n.], 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-vts-58614.

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6

Igelmann, Malte [Verfasser]. "Flussveränderungen in der Arteria Carotis Externa nach Bifurkationsstenting und der Einfluss des Stentdesigns : eine in-vitro Vergleichsstudie mit Prototypen und etablierten Stentmodellen / Malte Igelmann." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1047336871/34.

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7

Gabsch, Uwe [Verfasser]. "Carotis-TEA mit Reinseration in die Arteria carotis externa, eine neue OP-Variante : Vergleich mit den bisherigen Standardverfahren / von Uwe Gabsch." 2005. http://d-nb.info/995870403/34.

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Книги з теми "External carotid artery":

1

Kiyosue, Hiro, ed. External Carotid Artery. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4786-7.

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2

Rosenberg, Norman. CRC handbook of carotid artery surgery: Facts and figures. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1994.

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3

Djindjian, Rene, I. F. Moseley, R. Houdart, J. Theron, and J. J. Merland. Super-Selective Arteriography of the External Carotid Artery. Springer, 2011.

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4

Djindjian, Rene, I. F. Moseley, R. Houdart, J. Theron, and J. J. Merland. Super-Selective Arteriography of the External Carotid Artery. Springer London, Limited, 2012.

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5

Kiyosue, Hiro. External Carotid Artery: Imaging Anatomy Atlas for Endovascular Treatment. Springer Singapore Pte. Limited, 2021.

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6

Kiyosue, Hiro. External Carotid Artery: Imaging Anatomy Atlas for Endovascular Treatment. Springer, 2020.

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Частини книг з теми "External carotid artery":

1

Kiyosue, Hiro, and Shuichi Tanoue. "Maxillary Artery." In External Carotid Artery, 109–215. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4786-7_5.

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2

Kiyosue, Hiro. "External Carotid Artery." In External Carotid Artery, 1–5. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4786-7_1.

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3

Kiyosue, Hiro. "Anterior (Visceral) Branches from the Proximal ECA (Superior Thyroidal, Lingual, and Facial Arterial System)." In External Carotid Artery, 7–36. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4786-7_2.

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Kiyosue, Hiro, and Yuji Matsumaru. "Posterior (Neural) Branches from the Proximal ECA." In External Carotid Artery, 37–73. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4786-7_3.

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Kiyosue, Hiro. "Superficial Arteries from the Distal ECA." In External Carotid Artery, 75–107. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4786-7_4.

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Bradac, Gianni Boris. "External Carotid Artery." In Applied Cerebral Angiography, 35–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57228-4_3.

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Bradac, Gianni Boris. "External Carotid Artery." In Cerebral Angiography, 27–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54404-0_3.

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Lippert, Herbert, and Reinhard Pabst. "External carotid artery." In Arterial Variations in Man, 83–85. Munich: J.F. Bergmann-Verlag, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80508-0_42.

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Bradac, Gianni Boris. "External Carotid Artery." In Cerebral Angiography, 21–46. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15678-6_3.

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Song, Jianping, Wei Zhu, and Ying Mao. "External Carotid Artery-Radial Artery-Middle Cerebral Artery Bypass." In Surgical Atlas of Cerebral Revascularization, 1–10. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0374-7_1.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "External carotid artery":

1

Zhao, Aihong, Ken Digges, Mark Field, and David Richens. "FE Modeling of the Three-Layer Human Carotid Artery Under Impact Loadings." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-43955.

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Blunt traumatic rupture of the carotid artery is a rare but life threatening injury. The histology of the artery is key to understanding the aetiology of this injury. The carotid artery is composed of three layers known as the tunica intima, media, and adventitia, with distinct biomechanical properties. In order to examine the behaviour of the carotid artery under external load we have developed a three layer finite element model of this vessel. A rubber-like material model from LS-DYNA was selected for the FE model. The Arbitrary-Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) approach was adopted to simulate the interaction between the fluid (blood) and the structure (carotid). To verify the FE model, the impact bending tests are simulated using this FE model. Simulation results agree with tests results well. Furthermore, the mechanical behaviour of carotid artery tissues under impact loading were revealed by the simulations. The results provide a basis for a more in-depth investigation of the carotid artery in vehicle crashes. In addition, it provides a basis for further work on aortic tissue finite element modeling.
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Liepsch, D., G. Pflugbeil, J. Fischer, and C. Weigand. "Flow Visualization and LDA Measurements in Human Carotid Artery Models." In ASME 1996 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1996-1187.

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Abstract Flow parameters including pulsatile flow, wall distensibility, the non-Newtonian flow of blood in flow separation regions and high/low blood pressure, were studied in models of a healthy carotid artery model (37° bifurcation angle between the internal and external carotid artery), a 90% stenosis in the internal carotid artery and an 80% stenosis in both the internal and external carotid arteries. The goal of the study was to analyze the flow in detail, measuring the local velocity components. This knowledge is important for the interpretation of ultrasound measurements in vivo. Elastic silicon rubber models having a compliance similar to human vessels and the same surface structure as in the biological intima were prepared from casts of human carotid arteries taken at autopsy. Studies were done at various Reynolds numbers. Flow was visualized with colored dyes (steady flow) and with a photoelasticity apparatus and birefringent solution (pulsatile studies). Flow separation regions and reattachment points could be easily localized with these methods and recorded on video tape. The local velocity was measured with a 1-, 2-, or 3-D laser-Doppler-anemometer (LDA). The flow in the unstenosed model was Re = 250. In the stenosed models, the Reynolds number decreased to Re-213 under the same experimental conditions. High velocity fluctuations with vortices were found in the stenosed models. The jet flow in the stenosis increased up to 4 m/s. With an increasing bifurcation angle, the separation regions in the external and internal carotid artery increased. Increased blood pressure (a higher Re number) led to an increase in flow separation and to high velocity shear gradients. The highest shear stresses were nearly 20 times higher than normal. The 90% stenosis created very high velocity shear gradients and high velocity fluctuations. In addition to the ratio of the stenosis, the form (geometry) of the stenosis also played a major role in determining the flow structure. Behind the stenoses large eddies were found over the whole cross section. In these separation regions, particles may stick more easily to the wall and to existing stenoses. Sharp edged stenoses will grow faster than smooth stenosis formations. In the healthy carotid artery model only a slight flow separation region was observed in the internal carotid artery at the branching cross section. The flow in the healthy carotid artery model was almost ideal, whereas in the stenosed models the flow separations regions extended far into the internal carotid artery. Figure 1 shows the axial velocity component of a healthy carotid artery at Re = 350. The velocity profiles over the cross section 10mm downstream of the bifurcation in the internal carotid artery are shown for a blood-like fluid. The Womersley parameter was α = 4.15. The phase shown in 90°. Figure 2 shows the vertical velocity component at a phase of 90°. Figure 3 shows the velocity profiles in a model with a 90% stenosis in the internal carotid artery at a phase 90°. The differences in the velocity distribution can be clearly seen. High velocity fluctuations were recorded which may lead to chemical reactions in the blood cells. We conclude that a detailed understanding of flow is necessary before vascular surgery is performed especially before artificial grafts are implanted. Models should be prepared to help to optimize such grafts and no flow parameter can be neglected especially at bends and bifurcations.
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Püschner, A., RT Hoffmann, T. Zahnert, and V. Gudziol. "Migrating coils after bilateral embolization of external carotid artery: a case report." In Abstract- und Posterband – 89. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie e.V., Bonn – Forschung heute – Zukunft morgen. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1639765.

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4

Bernardes, Leonardo de Sousa, Raphael Palomo Barreira, Marina Trombin Marques, Danyelle Sadala Reges, Vivian Dias Baptista Gagliardi, and Rubens José Gagliardi. "Internal Carotid Artery Dissection during Puerperium: A Case Report." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.456.

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Background: Carotid or vertebral artery dissection is a rare puerperium event, occurring in less than 6% of cases. Although physiopathology is not completely understood, it is probably multifactorial involving increased cardiac output, hypervolemia and hormonal changes remodeling endothelium and favoring dissection. Most patients present headache and neck pain, but it is also reported Horner syndrome, tinnitus, retroorbital pain and cranial nerve palsies. Case Report: Female, 39-year-old patient in the 20th day of puerperium presents a sudden headache with transitory left hemiparesis and dysarthria for 30 minutes. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) with angioresonance revealed an area of right middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction and right internal carotid artery dissection in the cervical segment with a large intraluminal thrombus. The diagnosis was stablished as ischemic stroke caused by carotid dissection. Transcranial doppler presented post stenotic flow in the right MCA, flow inversion in the right anterior cerebral artery (ACA) and ipsilateral collateral circulation of the external carotid artery. After two months on double antiplatelet treatment (apirin 100mg and clopidogrel 75mg), it was partially recanalized and there was improvement in the collateral and hemodynamic pattern. Conclusion: Puerperium pacients describing intense headache or neck pain should be investigated with MRI and angioresonance of intracranial and cervical vessels. In the cervical arterial dissection it is recommended double antiplatelet therapy, for three to six months.
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Albadawi, Muhamed, Yasser Abuouf, Shinichi Ookawara, and Mahmoud Ahmed. "Influence of Carotid Artery Stenosis Location on Lesion Progression Using Computational Fluid Dynamics." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23451.

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Abstract Atherosclerosis is a major arterial disease characterized by the thickening of the arteries’ walls. The development of stenosis at the carotid bifurcation affects the local variations in blood flow dynamic factors. The carotid artery dynamic factors: including the wall shear stress (WSS), time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) and pressure gradient affect the rate of progression of the stenosis. It is essential to analyze the flow in three-dimensional reconstructed patient-specific geometries with realistic boundary conditions to estimate the blood flow dynamic factors. Hence, a three-dimensional comprehensive model is developed including the non-Newtonian blood flow under pulsatile flow conditions. The model is numerically simulated using computational fluid dynamics solvers along with the medical imaging to investigate the effect of stenosis locations on its progression. The numerically predicted blood flow dynamic factors are analyzed. It was found that the blood flow dynamic factors have the importance to influence the diagnosis and prediction of asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis progression. Based on results, the value of TAWSS at the stenosis in the stenotic Common Carotid Artery (CCA) is 46.68 Pa comparing to 19.24 Pa and 10.049 Pa in Internal Carotid Artery (ICA) and External Carotid Artery (ECA) respectively. Also, it was found that the maximum value of WSS in the healthy artery at the bifurcation with 3.829 Pa. However, in stenotic arteries the maximum value for WSS located at the stenosis throat which was found to be 102.158 Pa for CCA comparing to 46.859 Pa in ICA and 33.658 Pa in ECA.
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Bressloff, N. W., J. Banks, and K. V. Bhaskar. "Parametric Geometry Definition and Analysis of the Human Carotid Artery Bifurcation." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-59124.

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Three-dimensional parametric computer aided design (CAD) geometry definitions of the human carotid artery bifurcation are presented for both Y-shaped and tuning-fork models. Drawing on methods largely developed in aerodynamic design, these parametric CAD geometries are deployed within a response surface methodology to systematically map the variation of spatially integrated mean shear stress with the angles of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and the external carotid artery (ECA). Although the absolute values of this shear stress metric agree in some regions of the design space, significant differences exist in the shapes of the response surfaces for the alternative CAD models. The tuning-fork data reveals unexpected results in the location of the lowest value of the metric (at large ICA angles and small ECA angles) and also in the presence of two regions of high metric values — one, unsurprisingly, at large ICA and ECA angles but another exists close to the baseline geometry at the centre of the design space. In contrast, the Y-shaped data is such that a very spiky response surface is produced dominated by changes in the ICA angle. Also, the minimum is located at small ICA and large ECA angles. Finally, evidence is presented for strong recirculation at the outflow of the sinus bulb for small ICA angles that is nonexistent for large ICA angles.
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Araújo, Maria Tereza Corrêa de, Amanda Virgínia Oliveira Leite, Ana Clara Sousa Leal, Daniel Jonatan de Aguiar Almeida, Iris Maria de Miranda Correia, and David Plácido Lopes. "AGenesis of the internal carotid artery (ICA agenesis): an integrative review." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.308.

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Introduction: The ICA agenesis is a rare anomaly, an incidental finding whose incidence is lower than 0,01%. It is predominantly asymptomatic, because of the development of a collateral circulation, though it can present nonspecific symptoms, that result from insufficient blood flow, due to the development of atherosclerosis in vessels that previously supported the blood flow in the absence of the ICA, and by the association with brain aneurysm. Objectives: Conduct an integrative review about the ICA agenesis, describing the aspects and importance of vascular changes. Methods: It is an integrative revision that includes articles indexed in the SCIELO and PUBMED databases, using descriptors, with articles from the last 5 years. Results: The ICA agenesis can be unilateral or bilateral, predominantly on the left side. The main collateral pathways are the Circle of Willis and the transcranial collateral vessels of the external carotid artery. Differential diagnosis, like total occlusion or dissection, should be excluded by the inspection of the carotid canal in the CT, because the demonstration of a normal carotid canal excludes developmental anomalies of the ICA. The MRI and the angiography, combined with CT and Doppler ultrasound allow an accurate diagnosis. Conclusion: It is important to consider the possibility of ICA agenesis in the investigation of nonspecific symptoms, when other more prevalent causes have already been discarded, since these patients have an increased incidence of several other intracranial diseases, such as cerebral aneurysms with an association of 25-44%, that if identified in time, can avoid severe damages.
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Metzger, Thomas A., Santanu Chandra, and Philippe Sucosky. "Hemodynamic Abnormalities in Stented Carotid Artery: A Fluid Structure Interaction Study." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-93091.

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Balloon-stented angioplasty is a common treatment for carotid arterial atherosclerosis. Clinical studies have shown that within 6 months of the initial procedure, 25% of stented-angioplasty patients develop restenosis, a postoperative narrowing of the artery due to plaque accumulation onto the stent. While hemodynamics and more specifically low oscillatory wall-shear stress have been identified as key factors promoting atherogenesis, their role in restenosis following stent implantation remains unclear. We hypothesize that the implantation of a stent generates hemodynamic abnormalities consisting of low wall shear stresses in the vicinity of arterial wall regions prone to restenosis. The objective of this study was to compare computationally the hemodynamics in normal (healthy), stenosed (atherosclerotic) and stented carotid artery bifurcation models and to investigate potential correlations between regions presenting high hemodynamic abnormalities and regions prone to postoperative stent angioplasty restenosis. Realistic, three-dimensional models of normal, stenosed and stented human carotid bifurcations consisting of the common (CCA), external (ECA) and internal (ICA) carotid arteries were developed using the computer-assisted design software Solid Edge. The characteristic dimensions of the normal and stenosed models were obtained from previously published human data. The stented model was designed by modeling the inner surface of the ICA bulb region as a rigid cylindrical surface mimicking the presence of a stent. Fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulations were carried out using the adaptive arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) approach of ANSYS 14 to simulate flow and arterial wall dynamics in each model subjected to physiologic pressure and flow rate. As expected, the atherosclerotic model resulted in higher velocity and wall shear stress (WSS) levels than the normal model due to the reduced ICA lumen. In addition, while stent implantation restored the hemodynamic performance of the vessel, it generated lower WSS than in the normal model, which may contribute to restenosis. This study provides new insights into the possible hemodynamic roots of postoperative stent angioplasty restenosis.
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Chayer, Boris, Marie-Helene Roy Cardinal, Louise Allard, Noemie Cloutier, Clara Petit, and Guy Cloutier. "On the influence of external force induced by the ultrasound probe on internal carotid artery elastography features." In 2020 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ius46767.2020.9251843.

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Esmaeil, S., A. Eltatawy, M. Hossein Abbasi, A. Mowla, A. Grossman, C. Prestigiacomo, and P. Shirani. "E-224 Bilateral external carotid artery sacrifice in massive refractory hemorrhage of the pharynx: a case report." In SNIS 19th Annual Meeting Abstracts. BMA House, Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9JR: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/neurintsurg-2022-snis.335.

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