Статті в журналах: "External anchoring"

1

Huang, Min Yuan, and Zong Ren Zou. "Engineering Application of External Prestressing Curved Beam." Advanced Materials Research 639-640 (January 2013): 1249–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.639-640.1249.

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Using the finite element software ANSYS to analyze dynamic characteristics of external prestressing structure, reasonable control parameter, as well as external prestressing reinforcement joints of security, the main research contents and results are as follows: Dynamic performance analysis is about variation law and internal feature. With the increase of external prestressing, on the contrary, the natural vibration frequency will reduce. However, external prestressing effects on the structural dynamic performance improvement that is not obvious in general. Based on sensitivity analysis, control parameter of external prestressing reinforcement curved beam must be analyzed and the reasonable value range of sensitive control parameter can be found. For the control parameter of external prestressing process, its reasonable control parameter’s range should be about 6% in the theoretical calculation. While simulating of anchoring system, local force on anchoring system must be analyzed finely and accurately. A comprehensive understanding should be mastered on variation law, which is about the internal forcing and stress response of special area. The setting of anchoring device shall be arranged at 1/3 place of original prestressing position. To ensure the safety, it should guarantee the mechanical continuity of anchor joints.

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2

BARBERO, G., L. R. EVANGELISTA, and A. P. KREKHOV. "TRICRITICAL POINT IN ORDER-DISORDER PHASE TRANSITIONS FOR NEMATICS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 06, no. 14 (July 20, 1992): 2521–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979292001262.

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A complete analysis of the order-disorder phase transition in nematic liquid crystals induced by an external field is presented. The case of nearly compensated nematics in weak anchoring situation is discussed. The investigation shows that the parameter controlling the order of the phase transition is a decreasing function of the anchoring strength. The important limiting cases of very weak and very strong anchoring are considered too.

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3

Xia, Cai Juan, Han Chen Liu, and Ying Tang Zhang. "Theory of the Rectifying Performance in Molecular Device: The Role of Anchoring Groups." Solid State Phenomena 181-182 (November 2011): 344–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.181-182.344.

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The electronic transport of the single molecule via different anchoring groups is studied using density functional theory in conjunction with the nonequilibrium Green’s function. The results show that the electronic transport properties are strongly dependent on the anchoring groups. Asymmetric electrical response for opposite biases is observed resulting in significant rectification in current. The transmission coefficients and spatial distributions of molecular orbitals under various external biases voltage are analyzed, and it suggests that the asymmetry of the coupling between the molecule and the electrodes with external bias leads to rectifying performance.

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4

SPARAVIGNA, A., A. STRIGAZZI, and P. PALFFY-MUHORAY. "AXIAL ESCAPE OF NEMATICS IN BEND-CYLINDRICAL CONFIGURATION." International Journal of Modern Physics B 07, no. 04 (February 14, 1993): 1143–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979293002274.

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We investigated the possibility of axial escape of a nematic liquid crystal confined between two concentric cylinders with surface-imposed pure bend distortion. We found that this effect appears also in the case of strong anchoring. When the twist-anchoring is weak only at one of the surfaces, the critical thickness dc of the structure is affected by the saddle-splay elastic constant K24. Moreover, if the twist-anchoring is weak at the external surface, a transition of the first order was found, dc playing the role of an order parameter. Such a transition, characterized by bistability and hysteresis, may be driven by K24 and by the anchoring strength.

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5

Řepka, Jakub, Tomáš Vlach, Diana Mariaková, Zuzana Jirkalová, and Petr Hájek. "Integrated Anchorage of Thin Façade Panels Made of Textile Reinforced Concrete." Solid State Phenomena 309 (August 2020): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.309.57.

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This paper discusses the feasibility of an innovative anchoring element which is designed to be integrated into the volume of an ultra-thin coffered façade panel made of textile reinforced concrete and to not increase its external dimensions. The first part of the article describes the composition and shape of the façade panel and focuses on the manufacturing of the composite anchoring element made of carbon technical textile penetrated with polymer matrix which is intentionally identical composition as in the case of the façade panel reinforcement. The second part of the article focuses on the behavior of the composite anchoring element and its effect on its surroundings during the mechanical loading of the façade panel. Specimens of the coffered façade panel with integrated anchoring elements were subjected to four-point bending test to determine the impact of the anchoring elements on the façade panel flexural tensile strength and type of failure. Additional specimens were tested to determine the load-bearing capacity of the anchoring elements.

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6

MAIOLI, CESARE, STEFANO SOLA, and FABIO VITALI. "EXTERNAL ANCHORING FOR WIDE-AREA NETWORK SUPPORT: THE RHYTHM PROJECT." International Journal of Modern Physics C 05, no. 05 (October 1994): 769–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s012918319400088x.

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A major step in future hypertext systems, will be that of providing some of the interactivity characteristics of small scale centralised collaborative hypertext systems to larger scale, widely distributed ones such as WWW. Particularly important, as often asserted, is allowing free linking to all users, which may pose severe scale problems unless specific design decisions are taken. One design that is completely scalable is storing links’ anchors cxternally of the nodes they refer to and obtaining correctly updated information by relying on automatic versioning for all nodes. The RHYTHM hypertext system is a highly distributable hypertext system based on this premise. It provides free link, annotation, inclusion and customisation facilities to all users, creating an integrated environment for public and private document. Modularity and expandability in the services provided to the users is also an important part of the RHYTHM project, whose approach is based on allowing additional managers to be included in the client application in order to carry out specific tasks or handle specific data types.

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7

Furstenberg, George M. von, and Jianjun Wei. "Overcoming Chinese Monetary Division and External Anchoring in East Asia." Asian Economic Papers 3, no. 1 (January 2004): 27–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/1535351041747941.

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There are few recent historical precedents for maintaining the high degree of separation that still prevails between the internal monetary arrangements of Hong Kong and mainland China. This paper explains why this separation is likely to erode and considers the economics of the different forms that monetary unification of China could take. It argues that achieving such unification without resorting to capital controls or expropriation is a precondition for developing a second major international currency in East Asia that would rival the yen. Until the renminbi has been established as an international currency within a unified and sound financial system that has achieved Hong Kong's current standards, there can be no progress toward a regional monetary union in East Asia. An internal goal of Chinese monetary union is banking reform and financial integration, and an external goal is to help emancipate both China and East Asia as a whole safely from the U.S. dollar standard.

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8

Ingeli, Rastislav, Jozef Gašparík, and Lucia Paulovičová. "Impact of an Innovative Solution for the Interruption of 3-D Point Thermal Bridges in Buildings on Sustainability." Sustainability 13, no. 21 (October 20, 2021): 11561. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132111561.

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During the design of the external cladding, it is possible to use different materials and compositions. One of these possibilities is also a ventilated facade, which consists of a supporting structure, a thermal insulation, a supporting grid, an air gap for ventilation and a cladding layer. The construction of the supporting grid in the ventilated facade must be mechanically anchored into the supporting structure of the external cladding. This mechanical anchoring causes 3-D point thermal bridges in the external cladding itself. Therefore, the aim of this work is to assess and analyze the influence of these 3-D point thermal bridges on transmission heat losses through the external cladding. A Finite Element Mesh analysis has been used for this analysis. Different types of external cladding compositions were modeled in the simulation program, and the effect on the heat transfer coefficient was determined. In addition to the analysis of the existing anchoring systems, an innovative solution has been suggested that is more economical and easier to implement. The results show that the application of anchors and their number impacts significantly on the thermal properties of the envelope. The difference between the anchoring element with a thermal insulation pad and the patented method is minimal. This is a 1.29% difference. The last variant was a proposal (patent) that the anchoring element is only plastic-coated and thus its thermal engineering properties are improved, which is manifested mainly in heat conduction but also from the radiant point of view, as plasticizing the emissivity changes. Compared to the perimeter cladding without the ap-plication of an anchoring element, the heat loss increases by 29.37%. In addition to the energy savings, there are also financial savings. While the plastic pads costs about EUR 0.3, the plastic coating (patent) represents a price of around EUR 0.03. If we had a building with 10,000 m2 of wall area where 6 pieces of anchors per 1 m2 are applied, the savings would be EUR 16,200. Such savings are already significant. The conclusion of this work is that these point thermal bridges have a significant impact on the overall transmission heat loss coefficient and therefore they have overall heat demand and energy demand.

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9

XIA, CAI-JUAN, DE-SHENG LIU, DE-HUA ZHANG, and HAN-CHEN LIU. "THEORETICAL STUDIES OF THE RECTIFYING PERFORMANCE IN DIBLOCK MOLECULAR JUNCTIONS: THE ROLE OF THE ANCHORING GROUPS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 26, no. 11 (April 30, 2012): 1250082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979212500828.

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By applying nonequilibrium Green's function formalism combined with first-principles density functional theory, we investigate the effect of different anchoring groups on the rectifying behavior in diblock molecular junctions. The spatial distributions of molecular orbitals and the influence of transmission coefficients under various external voltage biases on the electronic transport through the molecular device are discussed in detail. The results show that the anchoring groups play a significant role on the electronic transport properties. The rectifying performance in molecular junctions can be manipulated, enhanced, or suppressed by a careful consideration of the effects of the anchoring group and such modifications become crucial in optimizing the electronic transport properties of chemical structures.

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10

Diller, Eric, Chytra Pawashe, Steven Floyd, and Metin Sitti. "Assembly and disassembly of magnetic mobile micro-robots towards deterministic 2-D reconfigurable micro-systems." International Journal of Robotics Research 30, no. 14 (September 5, 2011): 1667–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0278364911416140.

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A primary challenge in the field of reconfigurable robotics is scaling down the size of individual robotic modules. We present a novel set of permanent magnet modules that are under 1 mm in all dimensions, called Mag-µMods, for use in a reconfigurable micro-system. The modules are actuated by oscillating external magnetic fields of several mT in strength, and are capable of locomoting on a 2-D surface. Multiple modules are controlled by using an electrostatic anchoring surface, which can selectively prevent specific modules from being driven by the external field while allowing others to move freely. We address the challenges of both assembling and disassembling two modules. Assembly is performed by bringing two modules sufficiently close that their magnetic attraction causes them to combine. Disassembly is performed by electrostatically anchoring one module to the surface, and applying magnetic torques from external sources to separate the unanchored module.

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11

Miszewska, Emilia, Maciej Niedostatkiewicz, and Radosław Wiśniewski. "The Selection of Anchoring System for Floating Houses by Means of AHP Method." Buildings 10, no. 4 (April 14, 2020): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings10040075.

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This paper indicates and analyses the use of anchoring systems, such as mooring piles, booms, mooring cables, and deadweight anchors with additional elastic connectors, which are the most frequently applied by the producers of floating houses. The selection of the most advantageous anchoring system is complicated and requires the application of quantitative and qualitative data and methods. This publication presents the results of the calculations using one of the most common methods of multi-criteria analysis of decision-making, namely AHP (analytic hierarchy process). The anchoring system, which is the most beneficial for users, has been indicated with the use of the main criteria such as: cost, time, external risk factors, geospatial factors, and the sub-criteria of the first and second order. Due to the conducted analysis, it has been shown that the most significant factor of the anchoring system selection for the users of floating houses is the investment cost that needs to be borne during the usage, and the most favourable anchoring system is the use of mooring cables.

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12

Martin-Rios, Carlos, Cédric Poretti, and Giovanni Battista Derchi. "Three Anchoring Managerial Mechanisms to Embed Sustainability in Service Organizations." Sustainability 14, no. 1 (December 27, 2021): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14010265.

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The aim of this discussion paper is to address three major concerns in establishing sustainability in service organizations regarding the intersections among external reporting, internal governance, and business management and innovation. External reporting addresses issues related to sustainability information specificities and determinants, the pros and cons of mandating CSR disclosures, and the need for assurance. The internal management of sustainability refers to the opportunities and challenges for services to introduce sustainable business models and sustainability innovation. Finally, internal governance prioritizes the control process and systems employed by managers to make informed decisions and implement sustainability strategies. By means of an extensive and sophisticated literature review, the article contributes to untangling the opportunities and challenges that services face when adopting external and internal practices to commit to sustainability. Specifically, the paper addresses how company-level mechanisms of transparency, accountability, and innovation are linked to system-level mechanisms of implementation that lead to the adoption of sustainability in service organizations.

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13

Klemenčič, Eva, Pavlo Kurioz, Milan Ambrožič, Charles Rosenblatt, and Samo Kralj. "Annihilation of Highly-Charged Topological Defects." Crystals 10, no. 8 (August 3, 2020): 673. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10080673.

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We studied numerically external stimuli enforced annihilation of a pair of daughter nematic topological defect (TD) assemblies bearing a relatively strong topological charge |m|=3/2. A Landau- de Gennes phenomenological approach in terms of tensor nematic order parameter was used in an effectively two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, where spatial variations along the z-axis were neglected. A pair of {m=3/2,m=−3/2} was enforced by an appropriate surface anchoring field, mimicking an experimental sample realization using the atomic force microscope (AFM) scribing method. Furthermore, defects were confined within a rectangular boundary that imposes strong tangential anchoring. This setup enabled complex and counter-intuitive annihilation processes on varying relevant parameters. We present two qualitatively different annihilation paths, where we either gradually reduced the relative surface anchoring field importance or increased an external in-plane spatially homogeneous electric field E. The creation and depinning of additional defect pairs {12,−12} mediated the annihilation in such a geometry. Furthermore, we illustrate the absorption of TDs by sharp edges of the confining boundary, accompanied by m=±1/4↔∓1/4 winding reversal of edge singularities, and also E-driven zero-dimensional to one-dimensional defect core transformation.

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14

Abida, Km, Bhupendra Chudasama, and Amjad Ali. "Development and functionalization of magnetic nanoparticles as stable and reusable catalysts for triacetin synthesis." New Journal of Chemistry 44, no. 22 (2020): 9365–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nj00488j.

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Applications of magnetic nanoparticles as catalyst support has recently received great attention due to their unique properties, such as high surface area, ease of anchoring, high stability and ease of separation under an external field.

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15

Khawaja, Hussain, and Cristina Font. "Common and external iliac artery occlusion in Behçet’s disease: a case of anchoring bias." BMJ Case Reports 13, no. 12 (December 2020): e236554. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-236554.

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This report describes the case of a 45-year-old woman with a history of Behçet’s disease and complex regional pain syndrome of her legs who presented with severe pain and swelling in her left lower extremity. The patient was initially diagnosed with exacerbation of complex regional pain syndrome, which fit the symptom complex of hyperalgesia, oedema and skin temperature changes. However, after unsuccessful attempts at significant pain relief during admission, CT angiography demonstrated occlusion of the left common and external iliac arteries, a limb-threatening emergency. This case describes an example of anchoring bias, a type of cognitive bias in which there is a tendency to rely too heavily on an initial piece of information, the ‘anchor’, when making decisions. This report emphasises that clinicians should be aware of biases when making decisions and avoid anchoring bias by asking themselves if their diagnosis is influenced by any leading pieces of information.

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16

Nasibullayev, I. Sh, and O. V. Urina. "Temperature influence on homogeneous instabilities in stationary shear flow of nematic liquid crystal with weak surface anchoring." Proceedings of the Mavlyutov Institute of Mechanics 7 (2010): 191–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.21662/uim2010.1.017.

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Plane stationary shear flow of the nematic liquid crystal with weak surface anchoring is investigated. The effect of temperature, external fields, and the nature of the surface coupling on the formation of orientation instabilities is investigated.

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17

Rousselle, Patricia, Douglas R. Keene, Florence Ruggiero, Marie-France Champliaud, Michel van der Rest, and Robert E. Burgeson. "Laminin 5 Binds the NC-1 Domain of Type VII Collagen." Journal of Cell Biology 138, no. 3 (August 11, 1997): 719–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.138.3.719.

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Mutational analyses of genes that encode components of the anchoring complex underlying the basolateral surface of external epithelia indicate that this structure is the major element providing for resistance to external friction. Ultrastructurally, laminin 5 (α3β3γ2; a component of the anchoring filament) appears as a thin filament bridging the hemidesmosome with the anchoring fibrils. Laminin 5 binds the cell surface through hemidesmosomal integrin α6β4. However, the interaction of laminin 5 with the anchoring fibril (type VII collagen) has not been elucidated. In this study we demonstrate that monomeric laminin 5 binds the NH2-terminal NC-1 domain of type VII collagen. The binding is dependent upon the native conformation of both laminin 5 and type VII collagen NC-1. Laminin 6 (α3β1γ1) has no detectable affinity for type VII collagen NC-1, indicating that the binding is mediated by the β3 and/or γ2 chains of laminin 5. Approximately half of the laminin 5 solubilized from human amnion or skin is covalently complexed with laminins 6 or 7 (α3β2γ1). The adduction occurs between the NH2 terminus of laminin 5 and the branch point of the short arms of laminins 6 or 7. The results are consistent with the presumed orientation of laminin 5, having the COOH-terminal G domain apposed to the hemidesmosomal integrin, and the NH2-terminal domains within the lamina densa. The results also support a model predicting that monomeric laminin 5 constitutes the anchoring filaments and bridges integrin α6β4 with type VII collagen, and the laminin 5–6/7 complexes are present within the interhemidesmosomal spaces bound at least by integrin α3β1 where they may mediate basement membrane assembly or stability, but contribute less significantly to epithelial friction resistance.

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18

Akarca, D., A. Durnford, F. Ewbank, J. Hempenstall, A. Sadek, A. Gould, and D. Bulters. "TM3-10 National survey and experimental evaluation of commonly used external ventricular drain (EVD) securement methods in a porcine model; recommendations to improve practise." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 90, no. 3 (February 14, 2019): e17.3-e16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2019-abn.55.

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ObjectivesExternal ventricular drain (EVD) dislodgement is common and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. UK trial data suggests dislodgement as high as 12%. This study aimed to establish the range of methods used nationally and determine the most secure method in a porcine model.DesignSurvey and experimental study.Subjects23 neurosurgical units surveyed. Porcine cadaver experimental model.MethodsSurvey distribution was made through the British Neurosurgical Trainee Research Collaborative. 15 securement methods were tested on the porcine model and peak pull-out force before EVD failure was measured. Failure was defined as catheter displacement 1 cm from the insertion site, catheter fracture or suture fracture.ResultsNationally, five EVD securement methods were in common use. There were considerable differences in peak pull-out force between methods. The most secure methods were a construct consisting of anchoring suture, further multiple sutures around a coil of catheter followed by either a soft (25.85N, 95% CI 24.95 N-26.75N) or hard plastic flange (29.05N, 95% CI 25.69 N-32.41N). Individually, anchoring sutures, soft flanges, VentriFix and staples were least secure, whilst multiple sutures and hard flanges were most secure.ConclusionsAn anchoring suture followed by a coil of catheter and a flange is the most secure method for securing EVDs, withstanding up to 8.2 times the force of a single anchoring suture. It is easily employed and may decrease the likelihood of EVD dislodgement and associated complications.

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19

Sakai, L. Y., D. R. Keene, N. P. Morris, and R. E. Burgeson. "Type VII collagen is a major structural component of anchoring fibrils." Journal of Cell Biology 103, no. 4 (October 1, 1986): 1577–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.103.4.1577.

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Anchoring fibrils are specialized fibrous structures found in the subbasal lamina underlying epithelia of several external tissues. Based upon their sensitivity to collagenase and the similarity in banding pattern to artificially created segment-long spacing crystallites (SLS) of collagens, several authors have suggested that anchoring fibrils are lateral aggregates of collagenous macromolecules. We recently reported the similarity in length and banding pattern of anchoring fibrils to type VII collagen SLS crystallites. We now report the construction and characterization of a murine monoclonal antibody specific for type VII collagen. The epitope identified by this antibody has been mapped to the carboxyl terminus of the major helical domain of this molecule. The presence of type VII collagen as detected by indirect immunofluorescence in a variety of tissues corresponds exactly with ultrastructural observations of anchoring fibrils. Ultrastructural immunolocalization of type VII collagen using a 5-nm colloidal gold-conjugated second antibody demonstrates metal deposition upon anchoring fibrils at both ends of these structures, as predicted by the location of the epitope on type VII collagen. Type VII collagen is synthesized by primary cultures of amniotic epithelial cells. It is also produced by KB cells (an epidermoid carcinoma cell line) and WISH (a transformed amniotic cell line).

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20

Huda, M. Nazmul, Pengcheng Liu, Chitta Saha, and Hongnian Yu. "Modelling and Motion Analysis of a Pill-Sized Hybrid Capsule Robot." Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems 100, no. 3-4 (March 19, 2020): 753–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10846-020-01167-3.

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AbstractThis paper presents a miniature hybrid capsule robot for minimally invasive in-vivo interventions such as capsule endoscopy within the GI (gastrointestinal) tract. It proposes new modes of operation for the hybrid robot namely hybrid mode and anchoring mode. The hybrid mode assists the robot to open an occlusion or to widen a narrowing. The anchoring mode enables the robot to stay in a specific place overcoming external disturbances (e.g. peristalsis) for a better and prolonged observation. The modelling of the legged, hybrid and anchoring modes are presented and analysed. Simulation results show robot propulsions in various modes. The hybrid capsule robot consisting four operating modes is more effective for the locomotion and observation within GI tract when compared to the locomotion consisting a single mean of locomotion as the hybrid robot can switch among the operating modes to suit the situation/task.

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21

Manos, George C., and Konstantinos B. Katakalos. "Reinforced Concrete Beams Retrofitted with External CFRP Strips towards Enhancing the Shear Capacity." Applied Sciences 11, no. 17 (August 28, 2021): 7952. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11177952.

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The practical difficulties in upgrading the structural performance of existing reinforced concrete (RC) structures is discussed, when retrofitting structural members by conventional RC jacketing. The use of retrofitting schemes employing externally applied fiber reinforcing polymer (FRP) strips attracted considerable research attention as a preferable alternative. Such retrofitting FRP schemes aiming to upgrade the shear capacity of existing RC beams have been examined in many published works employing such externally applied FRP shear reinforcing schemes without confronting the practical difficulties arising from the presence of the RC slab. Anchoring external CFRP strips aiming to shear upgrade, which is the focus here, overrides this difficulty. It is shown that effective anchoring, using either mechanical anchors such as the ones devised by the authors or CFRP anchor ropes produced by the industry, can effectively upgrade the shear capacity of an RC T-beam under-designed in shear to the desired level. A novel laboratory test set-up, devised by the authors, can be utilized to quantify the tensile capacity of CFRP stirrups with or without anchors, that can be of practical use. The predicted, according to design guidelines, upgraded shear capacity of the tested prototype RC T-beam, employing the used shear retrofitting schemes, under-estimates the measured shear capacity by 58%. This conservatism can counter-balance uncertainties arising from in situ conditions in constructing the various parts of such a shear retrofitting scheme.

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22

Schönberg, Christine Hanna Lydia. "Happy relationships between marine sponges and sediments – a review and some observations from Australia." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 96, no. 2 (September 4, 2015): 493–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315415001411.

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Being sessile filter feeders, sponges may be disadvantaged by sediments in many ways, e.g. through clogging and burial. However, in order to correctly recognize negative effects of sediments in the field, natural relationships of sponge taxa adapted to a life with sediments need to be understood. The present publication reviews available literature and provides observations on natural and beneficial interactions of sponges with sediments, distinguishing several strategies: (1) Saving energy through sediment incorporation, reducing or replacing spicule production commonly occurs in keratose, verongimorph, tethyid and poecilosclerid sponges, which often received scientific names referring to sediments. (2) Forming sediment crusts externally or embedded in surface tissues reinforces outer layers, provides shade, and for external crusts camouflage and shelter from spongivory and desiccation. External crusts often occur in the tethyids and axinellids, while surface armour is most common in keratose sponges. (3) Anchoring in soft sediments provides a selective advantage for space colonization. This is mainly achieved in the hexactinellid, polymastiid and spirophorine sponges by using spicules (predominantly in deeper water), commonly in endopsammic sponges by rootlets, basal agglutination and basal incorporation of particles, and in various groups by attachment to buried materials (shallow water). (4) Living at least partially embedded in sediments (psammobiosis) appears to be best developed inOceanapiaspp. and bioeroding sponges, generates shelter from various external conditions and reduces the risk of spongivory. Typical morphological characters of sediment-adapted sponges are thus sediment skeletons and surface crusts (reinforcement), stalks and fistules (elevation above sediments), spicule tufts and root-systems (anchoring).

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23

Peng, Jei-Ming, Wei-Yu Chen, Jai-Hong Cheng, Jia-Wun Luo, and Hong-Tai Tzeng. "Dysregulation of Cytoskeleton Remodeling Drives Invasive Leading Cells Detachment." Cancers 13, no. 22 (November 11, 2021): 5648. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13225648.

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Detachment of cancer cells is the first step in tumor metastasis and malignancy. However, studies on the balance of initial tumor anchoring and detachment are limited. Herein, we revealed that the regulation of cytoskeleton proteins potentiates tumor detachment. The blockage of TGF-β1 using neutralizing antibodies induced cancer cell detachment in the Boyden chamber and 3D in-gel spheroid models. Moreover, treatment with latrunculin B, an actin polymerization inhibitor, enhanced cell dissociation by abolishing actin fibers, indicating that TGF-β1 mediates the formation of actin stress fibers, and is likely responsible for the dynamics of anchoring and detachment. Indeed, latrunculin B disrupted the formation of external TGF-β1-induced actin fibers and translocation of intracellular vinculin, a focal adhesion protein, resulting in the suppression of cell adhesion. Moreover, the silencing of vimentin substantially reduced cell adhesion and enhanced cell detachment, revealing that cell adhesion and focal adhesion protein translocation stimulated by TGF-β1 require vimentin. Using the 3D in-gel spheroid model, we found that latrunculin B suppressed the cell adhesion promoted by external TGF-β1, increasing the number of cells that penetrated the Matrigel and detached from the tumor spheres. Thus, cytoskeleton remodeling maintained the balance of cell anchoring and detachment, and the TGF-β1/vimentin/focal adhesion protein assembly axis was involved in the control dynamics of initial tumor detachment.

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24

Guan, Rong Hua. "Quanta Energy Level Structure and the First-Order Freedericksz Transition of Weak Anchoring NLC Cells." Key Engineering Materials 428-429 (January 2010): 402–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.428-429.402.

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The energy problem of weak anchoring nematic liquid crystal (NLC) cell is investigated. For given system, there are four solutions satisfying mechanical equilibrium conditions simultaneity under certain condition. Liquid crystal system exist quanta energy level. The values and sequence of energy levels related to the change of external field and anchoring parameters. The state with the smallest energy is the stable state and the others are metastable states, which are separated by the energy barriers. The Freedericksz transition can be considered as the director slippage through these barriers to the lowest energy level and the first order transition and bistable state result from the existence of the multiple disturbed solutions.

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25

Utomo, Junaedi, Muhammad Nur Khusyeni, Windu Partono, Ay Lie Han, and Buntara S. Gan. "Experimental Investigation on the Failure Behavior of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Strengthened Reinforced Concrete T-beams." Civil Engineering Dimension 23, no. 2 (October 4, 2021): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/ced.23.2.115-122.

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Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) are widely used as external concrete reinforcement. The behavior of T-beams strengthened in shear and flexure using CFRP sheets and plates was studied to analyze the load carrying capacity and failure mode as compared to conventional concrete members. The bonding response of the plate-to-concrete was investigated by comparing a specimen with a plate anchored at the far ends, one without anchoring. The sheets were in situ wet lay-up, the plate was pre-impregnated and pultruded during manufacturing. The test result suggested that this integrated strengthening method notably improved the load-carrying capacity, it was also demonstrated that anchoring had a positive but insignificant effect on the moment capacity and deformation. The influence of anchoring was noteworthy from the point of view that it shifted the failure mode from debonding to CFRP plate rupture. The most important factors influencing the behavior of CFRP strengthened beams are outlined.

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26

Utomo, Junaedi, Muhammad Nur Khusyeni, Windu Partono, Ay Lie Han, and Buntara S. Gan. "Experimental Investigation on the Failure Behavior of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Strengthened Reinforced Concrete T-beams." Civil Engineering Dimension 23, no. 2 (October 4, 2021): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/ced.23.2.115-122.

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Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) are widely used as external concrete reinforcement. The behavior of T-beams strengthened in shear and flexure using CFRP sheets and plates was studied to analyze the load carrying capacity and failure mode as compared to conventional concrete members. The bonding response of the plate-to-concrete was investigated by comparing a specimen with a plate anchored at the far ends, one without anchoring. The sheets were in situ wet lay-up, the plate was pre-impregnated and pultruded during manufacturing. The test result suggested that this integrated strengthening method notably improved the load-carrying capacity, it was also demonstrated that anchoring had a positive but insignificant effect on the moment capacity and deformation. The influence of anchoring was noteworthy from the point of view that it shifted the failure mode from debonding to CFRP plate rupture. The most important factors influencing the behavior of CFRP strengthened beams are outlined.

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27

Nasibullayev, I. Sh, and U. R. Kamaletdinova. "Temperature influence on orientation dynamics of oscillatory Poiseuille flow of nematic liquid crystal." Proceedings of the Mavlyutov Institute of Mechanics 7 (2010): 172–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21662/uim2010.1.015.

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In this work is studying temperature influence and surface anchoring in orientation behaviour of oscillatory Poiseuille flow of nematic liquid crystal (NLC) in the plane cell. Without external influence molecules lays along flow plane. Molecules orientation change and caused by this back-flow is studied by low-amplitude decomposition.

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28

Wang, Jian Jun, Ya Jun Wang, and Chang Ying Guo. "Application of Numerical Simulation in Reinforcement of Caverns Underground by External Cross-Anchoring." Advanced Materials Research 852 (January 2014): 835–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.852.835.

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In this paper, the responses of cavern underground reinforced by external cross-anchoring under blast loading were simulated by three-dimensional computational model made in software FLAC3D. It compared and supplementary analyzed the calculated displacement curves, the nephograms of maximum principal stress and destruction of cavern with that of model test, and analyzed the effect and mechanism of reinforced cable in this way comprehensively from deformation and destruction of surrounding rock outside, dynamic strain of cavern, energy absorption by anchor and energy consumption transferred through stress etc.

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29

Xin, Yajun, Junqi Wu, Qingbo Wu, Weilong Cui, Shilian Zhang, and Shuliang Cheng. "Study on the sickle anchoring joint in external prestressing strengthening of portal frame." Structures 28 (December 2020): 552–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2020.08.062.

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30

Francisco, J. A., C. F. Earhart, and G. Georgiou. "Transport and anchoring of beta-lactamase to the external surface of Escherichia coli." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 89, no. 7 (April 1, 1992): 2713–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.89.7.2713.

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31

He, Jia, Fons J. R. Van de Vijver, Velichko H. Fetvadjiev, Alejandra de Carmen Dominguez Espinosa, Byron Adams, Itziar Alonso–Arbiol, Arzu Aydinli–Karakulak, et al. "On Enhancing the Cross–Cultural Comparability of Likert–Scale Personality and Value Measures: A Comparison of Common Procedures." European Journal of Personality 31, no. 6 (November 2017): 642–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.2132.

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This study aims to evaluate a number of procedures that have been proposed to enhance cross–cultural comparability of personality and value data. A priori procedures (anchoring vignettes and direct measures of response styles (i.e. acquiescence, extremity, midpoint responding, and social desirability), a posteriori procedures focusing on data transformations prior to analysis (ipsatization and item parcelling), and two data modelling procedures (treating data as continuous vs as ordered categories) were compared using data collected from university students in 16 countries. We found that (i) anchoring vignettes showed lack of invariance, so they were not bias–free; (ii) anchoring vignettes showed higher internal consistencies than raw scores where all other correction procedures, notably ipsatization, showed lower internal consistencies; (iii) in measurement invariance testing, no procedure yielded scalar invariance; anchoring vignettes and item parcelling slightly improved comparability, response style correction did not affect it, and ipsatization resulted in lower comparability; (iv) treating Likert–scale data as categorical resulted in higher levels of comparability; (v) factor scores of scales extracted from different procedures showed similar correlational patterning; and (vi) response style correction was the only procedure that suggested improvement in external validity of country–level conscientiousness. We conclude that, although no procedure resolves all comparability issues, anchoring vignettes, parcelling, and treating data as ordered categories seem promising to alleviate incomparability. We advise caution in uncritically applying any of these procedures. Copyright © 2017 European Association of Personality Psychology

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32

Garza-Rios, L. O., M. M. Bernitsas, K. Nishimoto, and I. Q. Masetti. "Preliminary Design of Differentiated Compliance Anchoring Systems." Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 121, no. 1 (February 1, 1999): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2829556.

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The preliminary design of a differentiated compliance anchoring system (DICAS) is assessed based on stability of its slow-motion nonlinear dynamics using bifurcation theory. The system is to be installed in the Campos Basin, Brazil, for a fixed water depth under predominant current directions. Catastrophe sets are constructed in a two-dimensional parametric design space, separating regions of qualitatively different dynamics. Stability analyses define the morphogeneses occurring across bifurcation boundaries to find stable and limit cycle dynamical behavior. These tools allow the designer to select appropriate values for the mooring parameters without resorting to trial and error, or extensive nonlinear time simulations. The vessel equilibrium and orientation, which are functions of the environmental excitation and their motion stability, define the location of the top of the production riser. This enables the designer to verify that the allowable limits of riser offset are satisfied. The mathematical model consists of the nonlinear, horizontal plane fifth-order large-drift, low-speed maneuvering equations. Mooring lines are modeled by open-water catenary chains with touchdown effects and include nonlinear drag. External excitation consists of time-independent current, wind, and mean wave drift.

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33

Crevoisier, Olivier, and Delphine Rime. "Anchoring Urban Development: Globalisation, Attractiveness and Complexity." Urban Studies 58, no. 1 (January 13, 2020): 36–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098019889310.

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Since the work of Hoyt in the 1930s, economic theories of urban development have stressed the primacy of manufacturing because of the existence of a regional multiplier effect. This model was extended to traded services and, in the last 10 years, to the residential and presential economy, taking into account the fact that mobile consumers and residents also bring monetary flows into regions. The city today is both a productive agglomeration and a place of living, for both local and extra-local consumers, heralding the end of the primacy of manufacturing. In this article, we go a step further and consider the primacy of other kinds of export, either based on selling competitive goods or on attracting consumers. Due to changes in globalisation and to the rise of interurban competition for spending, incomes earned on exports are less and less likely to be spent locally, and instead flow out, progressively invalidating the multiplier effect. Consequently, the hypothesis of this article is that the main issue for urban development theories and practices is combining competitiveness in terms of exports with attractiveness to local as well as to external consumers. In this article, we call complexity the idea of pushing aside the focus on exports in order to understand the tensions and synergies between all activities and populations present within the urban space. In order to formulate new research questions, we build a typology of urban income flows and activities.

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34

Jia, Zhixuan, Tejal Pawale, Guillermo I. Guerrero-García, Sid Hashemi, José A. Martínez-González, and Xiao Li. "Engineering the Uniform Lying Helical Structure in Chiral Nematic Liquid Crystals: From Morphology Transition to Dimension Control." Crystals 11, no. 4 (April 12, 2021): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11040414.

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Chiral nematic liquid crystals (CLCs), with a unique helix structure, have attracted immense recognition over the last few decades owing to the abundant presence in natural phenomena and their diverse applications. However, the optical properties of CLC are usually hindered by the abundance of the so-called fingerprint domains. Up to now, studies have worked on controlling the in-plane orientation of the lying helix through surface rubbing and external stimuli. It remains challenging to achieve a steady and uniform lying helical structure. Here, by varying the surface anchoring strength, a uniform lying helical structure with long-range order is achieved as thermodynamically stable state without any external support. Poly (6-(4-methoxy-azobenzene-4’-oxy) hexyl methacrylate) (PMMAZO)—a liquid crystalline polymer—is deposited onto the silicon substrate to fine-tune the surface anchoring. By changing the grafting density of PMMAZO, both pitch size and morphology of the lying helical structure can be controlled. As the grafting density increases, the enhanced titled deformation of helical structure suppresses the pitch size of CLC at the same cell thickness; as the cell thickness increases, the morphology transition from long-range order stripes to small fingerprint domains is facilitated.

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35

Zhang, Qiang, Xin Zhao, Xue Hua Zhu, and Ji Hang Li. "Magnetic Nanoparticles Supported Acidic Ionic Liquid as a Highly Active and Reusable Catalyst for Esterification." Materials Science Forum 852 (April 2016): 485–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.852.485.

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A magnetic nanoparticles supported dual acidic ionic liquid catalyst was prepared via anchoring 3-sulfobutyl-1-(3-propyltriethoxysilane) imidazolium hydrogen sulfate onto the surface of silica-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles. And this novel supported acidic ionic liquid catalyst showed good catalytic performance in esterification. More importantly, the catalyst could be easily recovered by an external magnet and reused six times without significant loss of catalytic activity.

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36

Guo, Jiao Long, Qiang Du, and Lu Lu. "Application of Rock-Wool in Outer-Wall External Thermal Insulation System." Advanced Materials Research 753-755 (August 2013): 512–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.753-755.512.

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The paper takes into full account of the convenience and safety of outer-wall external thermal insulation system, and investigates the technical parameters of rock-wool. The study provides two kinds of construction methods for the system which are rendering and anchoring . In general, galvanizing steel-meshwork using machine anchors could use all kinds of rock-wool panel made in China. The interface mortar used for rock-wool could protect workers hands and improve the integrity and anti-crackness of the system. Both of these two kinds of rock-wool systems could resolve the difficulties of current rock-wool panel application in outer-wall external thermal insulation system. The rock-wool external thermal insulation which has surfficient fire-proof capability could apply in many kinds of buildings, especially high-rise buildings.

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37

Manos, G. C., Konstantinos Katakalos, and Christos G. Papakonstantinou. "Shear Behavior of Rectangular Beams Strengthened with either Carbon or Steel Fiber Reinforced Polymers." Applied Mechanics and Materials 82 (July 2011): 571–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.82.571.

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The aim of this study is to upgrade the shear capacity of reinforced concrete (R/C) beams strengthened with either Carbon (CFRP) or Steel (SRP) fiber Reinforced Polymers with strips having the form of either closed or open hoop external transverse reinforcement. This investigation also includes the use an anchoring device. Seven prototype specimens in need of shear strength upgrade were tested having a span of 3000mm. The strengthened R/C beams along with a non-strengthened control R/C beams were tested monotonically under four point bending loading conditions. The experimental results indicate that the shear failure of the closed hoop strengthened beams is accompanied with the tensile fracture of the CFRP/SRP strips together with an increase in the shear capacity. A considerable increase in the shear strength was observed when open hoop CFRP/SRP strips with no anchoring were used; however, the debonding of these strips posed a limitation to this upgrade. When these open hoop CFRP/SRP strips were provided with anchoring devices the shear strength of the R/C beams was further increased and the shear failure was accompanied this time by either the fracture of the CFRP/SRP strips or the failure of the anchoring system. In conclusion, a shear strengthening system for R/C beams utilizing open hoop CFRP/SRP strips with properly designed anchoring it is easily applicable, it increases significantly the shear capacity of such R/C beams and it exploits at the same time the high tensile strength of these fiber polymer materials in a cost effective way. An analytical procedure used to predict the shear strength for of such R/C beams yielded good comparison with the measured values.

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38

Dilber, Erhan, Ozlem Koc, Atiye Nilgun Ozturk, and Mehtap Karamese. "Craniofacial Implant-Retained Auricular Prosthesis: A Case Report." Journal of Oral Implantology 39, no. 4 (August 1, 2013): 479–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-d-11-00147.

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Implants provide patients with a safe and reliable method for anchoring auricular prostheses that enable restoration of their normal appearance and offer improved quality of life. In this case report, an auricular prosthesis was fabricated for a patient who had lost his right external ear in a traffic accident. Extraoral implants and bar-and-clip retention for the proper connection of the auricular prosthesis to the implant were used.

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39

Qian, CAI, CAI Qiu-Xia, ZHUANG Gui-Lin, ZHONG Xing, WANG Xin-De, LI Xiao-Nian, and WANG Jian-Guo. "“External Anchoring Sites” for Noble Metal Nanowires on Deprotonated 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Graphene." Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica 30, no. 4 (2014): 640–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3866/pku.whxb201402131.

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40

Wang, Jian Jun, Ya Jun Wang, and Chang Ying Guo. "Model Experiment Study on Anti-Explosion Characteristics of Underground Caverns Reinforced by External Cross-Anchoring." Advanced Materials Research 852 (January 2014): 826–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.852.826.

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The objective of this paper is exactly to assess the effect of anti-explosion for tunnels anchored outside under the condition of thin coating layer. To meet the similarity requirements, two groups of test models were made to simulate the responses of caverns under blast loading. It showed that: been anchored outside, displacements of the wall in caverns was decreased, so were the acceleration and compressive stresses with varying degrees, but the deformation stiffness and the overall stability were enhanced. This method does not take up space inside but it is beneficial to reduce the minimum thickness of protective layer and provides a new way to improve the anti-explosion performance for caverns under the conditions of thin coating layer.

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41

Crain, Rebecca, Hamza Abdulla, Praveen Guturu, and Sreeram Parupudi. "344 Multi-Modality Endotherapy of Esophagopleural Fistula (EPF) Using a Novel External Stent Anchoring Mechanism." American Journal of Gastroenterology 114, no. 1 (October 2019): S202—S203. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000590908.66160.37.

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42

Herdener, Nathan, Benjamin A. Clegg, Christopher D. Wickens, and C. A. P. Smith. "Anchoring and Adjustment in Uncertain Spatial Trajectory Prediction." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 61, no. 2 (September 20, 2018): 255–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018720818800591.

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Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the impact of prior information on spatial prediction and understanding of variability. Background: In uncertain spatial prediction tasks, such as hurricane forecasting or planning search-and-rescue operations, decision makers must consider the most likely case and the distribution of possible outcomes. Base performance on these tasks is varied (and in the case of understanding the distribution, often poor). Humans must update mental models and predictions with new information, sometimes under cognitive workload. Method: In a spatial-trajectory prediction task, participants were anchored on accurate or inaccurate information, or not anchored, regarding the future behavior of an object (both average behavior and the variability). Subsequently, they predicted an object’s future location and estimated its likelihood at multiple locations. In a second experiment, participants repeated the process under varying levels of external cognitive workload. Results: Anchoring influenced understanding of most likely predicted location, with fairly rapid adjustment following inaccurate anchors. Increasing workload resulted in decreased overall performance and an impact on the adjustment component of the task. Overconfidence was present in all conditions. Conclusion: Prior information exerted short-term influence on spatial predictions. Cognitive load impaired users’ ability to effectively adjust to new information. Accurate graphical anchors did not improve user understanding of variability. Application: Prior briefings or forecasts about spatiotemporal trajectories affect decisions even in the face of initial contradictory information. To best support spatial prediction tasks, efforts also need to be made to separate extraneous load-causing tasks from the process of integrating new information. Implications are discussed.

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43

Bošnjaković, Dejan, Mathias Fleisch, Xinzheng Zhang, and Irena Drevenšek-Olenik. "Electrically Tuneable Optical Diffraction Gratings Based on a Polymer Scaffold Filled with a Nematic Liquid Crystal." Polymers 13, no. 14 (July 13, 2021): 2292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13142292.

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We present an experimental and theoretical investigation of the optical diffractive properties of electrically tuneable optical transmission gratings assembled as stacks of periodic slices from a conventional nematic liquid crystal (E7) and a standard photoresist polymer (SU-8). The external electric field causes a twist-type reorientation of the LC molecules toward a perpendicular direction with respect to initial orientation. The associated field-induced modification of the director field is determined numerically and analytically by minimization of the Landau–de Gennes free energy. The optical diffraction properties of the associated periodically modulated structure are calculated numerically on the basis of rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA). A comparison of experimental and theoretical results suggests that polymer slices provoke planar surface anchoring of the LC molecules with the inhomogeneous surface anchoring energy varying in the range 5–20 μJ/m2. The investigated structures provide a versatile approach to fabricating LC-polymer-based electrically tuneable diffractive optical elements (DOEs).

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44

Borges-Martínez, Merlys, Nicolás Montenegro-Pohlhammer, and Gloria Cárdenas-Jirón. "The bimetallic and the anchoring group effects on both optical and charge transport properties of hexaphyrin amethyrin." New Journal of Chemistry 45, no. 14 (2021): 6521–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1nj00091h.

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45

Hu, Yan Jun, and Yan Liang Du. "Experimental Study on External Anchorage Technique for Strengthening of the Existing Bridges." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 1499–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.1499.

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Anchoring the external prestressing to the bridge end block is one of the key issues for strengthening of existing concrete bridges. This paper presents an innovative technique to fix steel brackets to the sides of the end block by two transverse pretensioned through-rods and three expansion bolts in both friction and shear pattern. In order to validate the technique, two steel reinforced concrete specimens (J1 and J2) fixed with experimental steel brackets are prepared and an experiment investigation has been carried out. Two sudden failures have been observed. The failure patterns of expansion bolts in J1 are pullout failure and shear failure, and two transverse pretensioned through-rods have large yield deformation. The failure patterns of expansion bolts in J2 are similar, but the failure patterns of two transverse pretensioned through-rods are shear fracture. The relationship of force and slip is linear but with two different slope when the load less than 2000kN in both J1 and J2.

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46

Vega, Camilo, and Nancy Torres. "External strengthening of unreinforced masonry walls with polymers reinforced with carbon fiber." Ingeniería e Investigación 38, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v38n3.73151.

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In many countries, buildings are usually made of unreinforced clay masonry walls, especially in Colombia. These constructions have low resistance and ductility, and are very vulnerable to seismic events, due to their low capacity of energy dissipation. This paper reports the results obtained from a research project that evaluates the behavior of reinforced masonry walls under lateral loads. The reinforcement was made using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP). In the test program, eight (8) clay masonry walls were built using hollow brick. Four (4) of them were 1,23 m long and 1,90 m high and the remaining four (4) were 2,47 m long and 1,90 m high. Four (4) walls were tested with a static lateral load and four (4) with a cyclic lateral load in its plane. Results revealed that the presence of the reinforcement material significantly increased the ultimate load and deformation capacity, provided that the material has a suitable anchoring system.

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47

Malhotra, Shavin, Pengcheng Zhu, Taco Reus, and Dan Schley. "The Diagnostic and Anchoring Effects of Internal and External References in M&A Premium Decisions." Academy of Management Proceedings 2020, no. 1 (August 2020): 14966. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2020.14966abstract.

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48

Rong‐Hua, Guan, and Li Ran. "Surface anchoring and the saturation behaviour of a NLC cell under external electric and magnetic fields." Liquid Crystals 32, no. 3 (March 1, 2005): 381–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02678290500036391.

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49

Choi, K., S. M. Jeon, J. K. Nam, and G. H. Jang. "A magnetic minirobot with anchoring and drilling ability in tubular environments actuated by external magnetic fields." Journal of Applied Physics 117, no. 17 (May 7, 2015): 17A730. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4916025.

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50

Guerreiro, João, Jorge M. Proença, João Gomes Ferreira, and António Sousa Gago. "Bonding and anchoring of a CFRP reinforced render for the external strengthening of old masonry buildings." Construction and Building Materials 155 (November 2017): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.08.043.

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