Дисертації: "Extended life"

1

Kroll, Stephan. "Extended life of swimming pools through LCC." Thesis, KTH, Byggvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-96505.

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Swimming pools constructed with reinforced concrete require a high level of expertise within both, its planning and execution. To build waterproof concrete shells, extensive concrete technology knowledge, detailed planning of joint formation and high quality safety measures are needed. This thesis evaluates concrete technology features for swimming pool construction in Germany and Sweden. In particular, guidelines by DafStb, DIN and DgfdB provide the planner with detailed advice and specifics about swimming pools. It also gives an overview about the actual condition of swimming pools in Sweden that reached an age of at least 30 years and shows structural consequences of mistakes in planning and construction of swimming pools. The aspect of financial consequences is also analyzed. With the support of the software “Legep”, the methodology of LCC was used to estimate costs in the future. Additionally, a proposal of post tensioned concrete as a more sustainable technology for watertight concrete basins is shown and under equal aspects analyzed and compared.

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2

Worobo, Rodney Jason. "Ground beef quality and extended storage life." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq21225.pdf.

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3

Overturf, Logan Matthew. "STUDY OF EXTENDED LIFE COOLANT WITH SUSPENDED CARBON NANOTUBES." OpenSIUC, 2011. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/689.

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Utilizing an experimental facility which was prepared to conduct performance tests on heat exchangers; experiments were completed in an attempt to see verifiable improvements in overall heat transfer coefficient in engine coolant with nanoparticles suspended at different weight percentages. The different fluids tested were: base ELC (Extended Life Coolant), ELC with 0.002 wt% CNT (Carbon Nanotubes), ELC with 0.02 wt% CNT, ELC with 0.02 wt% MWNT's (Multiwalled Nanotubes) and water. The volume percents range from 0.00164 volume% to 0.0164 volume% which seemed quite small, but according to Caterpillar representatives, were the best concentration. These fluids were tested at standard flowrates which this type of heat exchanger would be used in as well as a higher air flowrate and lower coolant flowrates in an attempt to gather more verifiable data. Results were obtained regarding the change in heat transfer ability of engine coolant with suspended nanoparticles. For this system under these specific conditions, there was verifiably no increase in UA as nanoparticles were added to the coolant. The benefits of adding nanoparticles to engine coolant have potential to be great, but the cost of nanoparticles and difficulty keeping them suspended may outweigh any benefits obtainable in this type of set up.

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4

Mugadza, Desmond Tichaona. "Bacillus and Paenibacillus spp. associated with extended shelf life milk." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65919.

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Extended shelf life (ESL) milk combines longer shelf life and better organoleptic characteristics; a combination that is absent in both pasteurised and ultra-heat treated (UHT) milk. Bacterial spoilage remains the main cause of food loss worldwide, which also includes milk and dairy products, despite advances in food preservation technology. The objectives of this study were to identify and characterise the spore-forming population associated with ESL milk during processing and chilled storage as well as characterising Bacillus cereus isolates obtained from ESL milk processing and during storage. Characterisation of spore-formers associated with ESL milk was done by analysing bacteriological quality of milk samples collected at various processing stages and during storage. Isolates were identified with MALDI-TOF-MS. B. cereus strains obtained from ESL milk and filler nozzles were characterised using (GTG)5 Rep PCR fingerprinting; the presence of virulence genes; cytotoxin K (cytK), nonhemolytic enterotoxin A (nheA), emetic toxin cereulide (cer) and enterotoxin hemolysin BL (hblA). The isolates were further discriminated as psychrotrophic and mesophilic strains using 16S rDNA. Furthermore, B. cereus isolates were selected for 16S partial sequencing. Some of the B. cereus strains obtained from ESL milk and filler nozzles were further characterised using rpoB partial sequencing and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Milk had spore counts < 2 log10 cfu/ml and 4 log10 cfu/ml during processing and storage, respectively. Bacillus pumilus dominated the bacterial population. In addition B. subtilis, B. cereus, B. sonorensis, B. licheniformis and Paenibacillus spp. were among the main spore-formers identified in the study. Bacterial species were inoculated in sterile milk for a shelf life study and population change observed over 42 days at 7 oC. Despite high prevalence of cer, hblA and nheA; cytK was not widely distributed. There was 100% and 8% prevalence of mesophilic and psychrotrophic signatures, respectively in B. cereus isolates. Although ESL milk process was effective in the reduction of bacterial counts and species diversity, the presence of B. cereus shows a potential safety problem in ESL milk. Despite the large diversity of the B. cereus strains in this study, there is evidence that biofilms associated with filler nozzles and raw milk are a source of contamination of B. cereus in ESL milk. Furthermore, the study has also shown that rpoB partial sequencing and MLST can be used as a tool for source tracking in ESL milk processing.
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Food Science
PhD
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5

Kaufmann, Veronika [Verfasser]. "Einflussfaktoren auf die Produktcharakteristika von Extended Shelf Life (ESL)-Milch / Veronika Kaufmann." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1028784244/34.

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6

Canevet, Sophie. "The role of information systems evaluation across an extended system life cycle." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321425.

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7

Kingsley, Peter Alden. "Life extended : the intimate politics of the antiretroviral era in Northern Nigeria." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9771.

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For more than thirty years, the HIV pandemic has caused immense harm across sub-Saharan Africa. From the middle of the last decade, however, a treatment revolution has been underway, as effective antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) have become available to millions of ordinary people. This thesis examines the far-reaching consequences of this new reality in Northern Nigeria. It argues that the significance of the ARV era cannot be fully understood simply by monitoring how many patients are receiving treatment, but instead must be explained in terms of the multifaceted changes it has driven in institutions and the lives of HIV positive people. This study uses ethnographic case studies and participatory methods to understand this new historical moment from ‘below’. It provides new empirical perspectives on how the ARV era has profoundly altered the ways in which HIV positive people suffer. The difficulties of daily life when subjected to opportunistic infections, side effects from drugs, and social stigma are compounded by memories of past trauma and fears for an uncertain future. Previous studies have indicated HIV positive people often form new relationships (e.g. Rhine, 2009), but rarely have these post-HIV relationships been described. This study argues that these new relationships, often distant from conventional family supervision, have a unique character, blending traditional forms with ‘modern’ ideas about romance. After a HIV disclosure, incomes and assets (particularly those reliant on family relationships) are often reduced. Along with the cost of treatment (broadly defined to include a range of curative practices), this forces those living with HIV to adapt their livelihood strategies, often using networks of solidarity between positive people. The process of lobbying for improvements in medical care is also explored. Both doctors and NGOs advocate on behalf of HIV positive people, but do so with strikingly different tactics and results. This has important implications for continuing debates about working ‘with the grain’ (Crook and Booth, 2011) for development in patrimonial states. In summary, whilst HIV treatment has saved the lives of millions, inventing drugs and getting them to the people who need them are merely the first steps in alleviating suffering. The thesis traces the most important tasks in securing wellbeing in the ARV era – those pursued by HIV positive people themselves.

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8

Shevchenko, V. V. "Proposals for Improving the Technical State of Turbogenerators in Excess of the Service Life." Thesis, Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National Universityrs, 2017. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/33574.

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The state of the world economy, the global economic crisis determined that the first priority in making engineering decisions is economic profitability. This affected on the state and development of the electric power industry, in particular, on the operational policy of repairs and the implementation of replacement schedules for turbogenerators that have fulfilled the service life. Therefore, the main worldwide trend of the development of energy systems and turbine generators was not the replacement of equipment that had worked its life, but the extension of the terms of his work.

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9

Rodgers, Svetlana. "Development of a bio-preservation method for extended shelf-life cook-chill systems /." View thesis, 2003. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030721.150526/index.html.

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Thesis (PhD) -- University of Western Sydney, 2003.
"A thesis submitted for degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Centre for Advanced Food Research, School of Science, Food & Horticulture, University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury campus, Richmond, Australia, January 2003" Bibliography: leaves 199-227.

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10

Sammons, Laura Dawn. "Migration of Penicillium spinulosum from Paperboard Packaging to Extended Shelf Life Milk." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35441.

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The growth and survival of the psychrotroph Penicillium spinulosum in paperboard was studied along with the wicking characteristics of ultra-pasteurized milk to understand sporadic fungal contamination of ultra-pasteurized, extended shelf life milk products. Previous research has indicated paperboard packaging as a potential source for the fungal contamination. Migration from paperboard to ultra-pasteurized skim milk during a 60-day shelf life, was investigated by inoculating condia (spores) into sterilized paperboard squares (57.2 by 57.2 mm) made from ultra-pasteurized milk cartons. Test-squares were sealed on three sides and inoculated at 3.2, 6.4, 9.5 and 12.7 mm from the uncoated (unskived) edge. The surrounding milk was tested for the presence of the fungus. Penicillium spinulosum was detected in 84% of samples at 3.2, 72% at 6.4, 50% at 9.5, and 28% at 12.7 mm from the uncoated edge. Survival in paperboard was investigated in sealed paperboard test-squares incubated in ultra-pasteurized skim milk at 7°C every 10 days up to 60 days. Penicillium spinulosum survived in the interior of paperboard for the entire incubation period. Survival was also measured on all test-squares for which P. spinulosum was not detected in the surrounding milk in the migration study. Penicillium spinulosum was detected in 94.4% of all negative samples. The wicking characteristics of ultra-pasteurized skim and whole milk were measured in four boards from gable-top cartons for ultra-pasteurized milk products. Test-squares were sealed on 3 sides and incubated in ultra-pasteurized skim or whole milk at 7°C. Wicking distances were measured every 10 days up to 60 days. A significant interaction was seen between the types of paperboard and milk. It is most likely that P. spinulosum at all inoculation distances had access to milk as a source of nutrition by day 40 in the migration study.
Master of Science

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11

Forslind, Helén. "Return to Sender : Essays on Extended producer Responsibility." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8218.

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The purpose of this thesis to increase the understanding of how Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) affects the economy. EPR is a principle stating that producers should be responsible for the environmental impact of their products throughout the life cycle. In four out of five essays, scrapping of end-of-life vehicles in Sweden is used as an example. In Essay I the interdependency of the consumers’ and the producers’ responsibilities are stressed. It is concluded that the financial solution should be separated from the producer in order to ensure that future liabilities can be met. The main contribution of Essay II is that an increased premium will result in an increased number of returned vehicles. In Essay III it is shown that when the environmental harm is constant and relatively low, a deposit-refund system is preferred to an unfounded system. In cases where high environmental harm occurs the optimal choice would be a system combining both deposits and fines. Essay IV concludes that a funded system would have been a better way to finance the premium than an unfunded system in terms of higher rate of return. In Essay V the analysis is no longer limited to ELVs, and a model with endogenous growth is applied to the case where all the products in the economy are covered by EPR. It is found that both the growth and the level of output is favoured by the choice of a funded scheme.
Syftet med avhandlingen är att studera hur ekonomin påverkas av utökat producentansvar. Utökat producentansvar är ett sätt att internalisera miljökostnader i marknadspriset. Producentansvaret för bilar, så som det implementerats i den svenska lagstiftningen, har lagts till den tidigare lagstiftningen utan några större anpassningar. Effekterna av detta har inte tidigare utretts. Först analyseras dess konsekvenser i en översiktlig artikel. Därefter följer en ekonometrisk artikel vars syfte är att testa effekten av den nuvarande bilskrotningspremien. Det visade sig att en höjd premie ökar antalet återlämnade fordon. Sedan används en rättsekonomisk ansats för att förutsättningslöst, dvs. utan att ta den befintliga lagstiftning som utgångspunkt, analysera nedskräpningsproblematiken. Möjligheten att använda ett pantsystem jämförs med att använda böter för att styra individernas beteende. Det visade sig att om miljöpåverkan är relativt liten så är ett pantsystem att föredra, men om även fall med stor miljöpåverkan inkluderas skulle det optimala vara att använda både böter och pant. Därefter jämförs två alternativa sätt att finansiera premien, ett fonderat system jämförs med ett ”Pay-As–You-Go” system. Resultatet indikerar att ett fonderat system hade varit att föredra under den studerade perioden. Slutligen studeras effekterna av producenternas framtida åtaganden till följd av det utökade producentansvaret med hjälp av modell med endogen tillväxt. Det visade sig att både tillväxttakten och nivån på produktionen skulle ha gynnats av ett fonderat system.

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12

Lim, Chemin. "Low Cycle Fatigue Life Prediction of Four Bolt Extended Unstiffened End Plate Moment Connections." NCSU, 2009. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07012009-153407/.

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The end plate moment connection has been studied with various design concepts. However the low cycle fatigue (LCF) analysis was focused after 1994 the Northridge earthquake because the connection failure mode of structure was not matched with the current design concept. This concept has been applied to the design of moment resisting frames and several research studies on the LCF behavior of various connections under cyclic loading have been conducted. While the research on the behavior of end plate moment connections (EPMC) under cyclic loading has been conducted very little information on the LCF behavior is available. To evaluate the accumulation of LCF damage, the LCF life prediction, three phases of experimental tests were conducted. In order to investigate critical geometric parameters for 4E EPMCs in the LCF behavior, parametric study was conducted with pre-qualified FEM model. In the first phase of the experimental test, total 4 reduced EPMCs, T-stub, was tested to verify the elastic range of the connection system and general behavior of the connection. Three different levels of constant peak displacement loadings were applied to three full scale EPMCs for developing a LCF model in second phase of the experimental test. In the last phase, an accumulated damage model was evaluated by one full scale end plate moment connection test using random loading. All of phases were adopted three-dimensional finite element numerical analysis, and theoretical analysis to predict the experimental behavior and it successfully anticipated the behavior of connection. The results of the experimental test developed the LCF model for 4E EPMC and it predicted the LCF life of connection. The parametric study determined the three critical geometry parameters.

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13

Kinser, Amber E. "The Cost of an Education: Exploring the Extended Reach of Academe in Family Life." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1243.

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Excerpt: Contributors detail what it means to be an academic mother and to think about academic motherhood, while also exploring both the personal and specific institutional challenges academic women face, the multifaceted strategies different academic women are implementing to manage those challenges, and investigating different theoretical possibilities for how we think about academic motherhood.

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14

Kwok, Kin-Chor Casey. "Reaction kinetics of heat-induced quality changes in soymilk." Thesis, University of Reading, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263043.

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15

Sutton, Tracy D. Jr. "Formulating and Processing of a Nutritionally Enhanced Extended Shelf-Life Fluid Milk and Egg Mixture." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45381.

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A milk and egg mixture was processed at 96C and 92C with 10 sec hold times and evaluated for nutritional composition, functional characteristics, and shelf-life. The process was more than sufficient to destroy Coxiella burnetti and Salmonella senftenberg which were the most heat resistant organisms of concern in processing this milk and egg mix. The spoilage organisms received 2,200 D and 425 D processes, respectively, which were more than adequate for providing a safe product and extending the shelf life of the product for seven weeks under refrigerated storage conditions. Both sweetened and unsweetened formulations were evaluated. The nutritional profile of the milk and egg mix was improved when dried eggs (solids and liquid proportion equivalent to whole egg) were replaced with dried egg white, cholesterol reduced egg yolk, and skim milk. The fat and cholesterol were reduced between 22 to 33% and 37 to 44%, respectively, in the cholesterol reduced formulation (CRF) as compared to the control formulation (CF). The protein content of the milk and egg mix was not altered by utilization of cholesterol - reduced egg yolk in the CRF as compared to the CF. Addition of beta-galactosidase decreased the lactose up to 96%. The CF were more yellow than the CRF in the mixes and baked gels (p< 0.05). There were also no difference in gel strength between the baked gels made from the two formulations. There were no significant chemical and physical changes over the seven week storage period of the product at refrigerated conditions (p< 0.05).
Master of Science

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16

Wu, F.-E. "Aero engine life evaluated for combined creep and fatigue, and extended by trading-off excess thrust." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1994. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/10517.

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This thesis investigates the concept of thrust rating as a means towards reducing the life cycle costs of engine ownership. Towards this end, this thesis has discussed the concept of thrust rating, developed computer programs for mechanical load type failures, which include creep, LCF, and combinations thereof, and conducted simulations of improving life usage and reducing life cycle costs. A study was performed on a military engine, under an original design mission mix, that showed significant gains in creep-LCF life of the HPT blade could be achieved, especially With the recently proposed and presumably more accurate criterion- ductility exhaustion, by thrust rating. The savings were expressed in terms of an approximate reduced life accumulation rates and life cycle costs. The net result was a 50% increase in creep-LCF life with a savings of $ 50.4 million. These calculations were based on a Feet of 300 engines having the designed lifetime of 8,000 operating hours per engine. Throughout the thesis, mention is also made of employing the thrust rating concept on other engines. To this end, the thesis will also give a blueprint for conducting a feasibility study to employ thrust rating as a maintenance tool. In addition to the technical aspects, the role of maintenance and aircraft operations policy will also be studied to determine the interrelationships that exist between thrust rating technology and its practical application.

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17

Wu, Fuh-Eau. "Aero engine life evaluated for combined creep and fatigue, and extended by trading-off excess thrust." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1994. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/10517.

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This thesis investigates the concept of thrust rating as a means towards reducing the life cycle costs of engine ownership. Towards this end, this thesis has discussed the concept of thrust rating, developed computer programs for mechanical load type failures, which include creep, LCF, and combinations thereof, and conducted simulations of improving life usage and reducing life cycle costs. A study was performed on a military engine, under an original design mission mix, that showed significant gains in creep-LCF life of the HPT blade could be achieved, especially With the recently proposed and presumably more accurate criterion- ductility exhaustion, by thrust rating. The savings were expressed in terms of an approximate reduced life accumulation rates and life cycle costs. The net result was a 50% increase in creep-LCF life with a savings of $50.4 million. These calculations were based on a Feet of 300 engines having the designed lifetime of 8,000 operating hours per engine. Throughout the thesis, mention is also made of employing the thrust rating concept on other engines. To this end, the thesis will also give a blueprint for conducting a feasibility study to employ thrust rating as a maintenance tool. In addition to the technical aspects, the role of maintenance and aircraft operations policy will also be studied to determine the interrelationships that exist between thrust rating technology and its practical application.

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18

Beal, Roger Zack. "A study comparing changes in loading conditions of an extended service life system using aluminum 2024-T351." Thesis, The University of Utah, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1569706.

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The current fiscally austere environment prevalent in the military and industry is driving extreme measures to save money. In the United States Air Force, this has driven enormous efforts to trim sustainment spending on extended life aircraft. The challenge to the aerospace engineer is to ensure flight safety in the midst of this economic pressure.

One method of cutting costs is to increase the time an aircraft is in service by delaying the point when the aircraft is taken out of service for depot maintenance. To ensure flight safety, in depth fatigue and fracture analysis needs to be accomplished to assess increasing the inspection interval.

The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity of Aluminum 2024-T351 alloy, a common material used in tension dominated aerospace applications, to two different loading spectra—one that is aggressive and the other that is benign. This was accomplished by conducting five different combinations of the two spectra, developing computer simulations using the AFGROW software and comparing with the measured data. The results showed that the material demonstrated significantly different behavior between the two spectra. These results provide a valuable tool for the aerospace engineer for fatigue life prediction and inspection interval evaluation.

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19

Smit, Nell-Mari. "An international comparison on the impact of the extended life expectancy of natural persons for taxation purposes." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26428.

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The increase in the life expectancy of natural persons has become a worldwide phenomenon. People live longer and need income for longer periods of time. Individuals need to start saving for their retirement early in life while still part of the workforce. Insufficient retirement savings lead to individuals not having sufficient income for their retirement. People become dependent on the government for assistance in paying for their day-to-day living expenses, leading to increases in social grants payable by the government. In South Africa the National Treasury needs to budget through taxation for the increase in the old age pension, which increases government expenditure. Additional income tax will therefore need to be raised to ensure that the national deficit does not increase further. Personal income taxes will directly be affected by the increase in the life expectancy. Research has been done internationally on the increase in life expectancy and the possible effect on the governments of those countries. No research has, however, been done in such detail in South Africa. This study provided information on the increase in the life expectancy of the South African population and the effect on the increase of old age pension as a social grant expense paid by the Government to qualifying beneficiaries. The aim of this study was to gain insight in the increase in the number of elderly people, those individuals aged 60 years and older, and the relation between this increase and the increase in the number of old age pension beneficiaries together with the increase in the budgeted expenses by the Government for old age pension. From a theoretical perspective, this study aimed to identify the possibility of increasing the retirement age to help people receive an income from employment for longer and to provide for themselves during the longer years in retirement. Finally the study aimed to assess this impact on taxation. A number of factors play a role in the increase of the number of old age pension beneficiaries and the resulting old age pension expense in the government budget. This study only focused on the role that the increase in life expectancy plays. AFRIKAANS : Die toename in die lewensverwagting van natuurlike persone het ’n wêreldwye verskynsel geword. Mense leef langer en moet ’n inkomste vir ’n baie langer tydperk hê. Individue moet reeds vroeg, terwyl hulle nog deel is van die werksmag, begin spaar vir hul aftrede. Onvoldoende aftreefondse lei daartoe dat pensioenarisse nie voldoende inkomste tydens hul aftrede verdien nie. Hierdie tekort lei daartoe dat individue afhanklik is van die regering om hulle by te staan vir die betaling van daaglikse uitgawes. Dit lei tot die verhoging in die maatskaplike toelaes wat deur die regering betaal word. In Suid-Afrika moet die Nasionale Tesourie in die begroting voorsiening maak vir die toename in die ouderdomspensioen wat tot ’n toename in regeringsuitgawes lei. Ekstra inkomste moet ook verkry word om te verseker dat die nasionale tekort nie verder toeneem nie. Persoonlike inkomstebelasting word regstreeks hierdeur beïnvloed. Internasionale navorsing is gedoen op die toename in lewensverwagting en die moontlike invloed op die regerings van daardie lande. Soortgelyke navorsing is egter nog nie in Suid-Afrika gedoen nie. Dié studie bied meer inligting oor die toename in lewensverwagting van die Suid-Afrikaanse bevolking en die effek daarvan op die toename in die ouderdomspensioen as ’n maatskaplike toelaag wat deur die regering betaal word aan begunstigdes wat daarvoor kwalifiseer. Die doel van hierdie studie was om insig te verkry in die toename in die aantal bejaardes, individue van 60 jaar en ouer, en die verwantskap tussen hierdie toename en die toename in die aantal ouderdomspensioen begunstigdes asook die begrote regeringsuitgawe vir ouderdomspensioene. Die studie het gepoog om vanuit ’n teoretiese oogpunt te kyk na die moontlikheid om die aftreeouderdom te verhoog sodat mense langer inkomste kan verdien en vir hulleself kan sorg in die langer aftreetydperk. Die studie het ook gekyk na die invloed hiervan op belasting. Verskeie faktore speel ’n rol in die groei van die aantal individue wat ouderdomspensioen ontvang en gepaardgaande toename in die ouderdomspensioenbegroting van die regering. Die studie het slegs gefokus op die rol wat die verhoging in lewensverwagting speel.
Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Taxation
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20

Russell, Dana J. "Human Cranial Growth and Shape Change: Are Fetal Rates and Morphologies Extended Throughout the First Year of Life?" Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/anthro_theses/43.

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Selection for increased encephalization in humans necessitated extensive brain growth after birth. To estimate changes in rates of growth and corresponding shape changes during gestation and infancy, chord and arc distances were obtained from the frontal, parietal, and occipital bones of 44 human fetuses, neonates, and infants (one year old and younger). Rates of growth in chord and arc measurements were calculated and compared using linear regression of log-transformed variables, followed by ANCOVA. Curvature of bone lengths and widths were estimated by chord/arc indices. Fetal rates of cranial growth were significantly slower while the fetal frontal and occipital bones were significantly more curved than those of infants. Fetal rates of cranial growth decrease during the first six postnatal months, in conjunction with rapid changes in shape, except for parietal superior-inferior height where bossing of the bone is similar in fetuses and neonates.

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21

Khoza, S. Eric. "Effect of extended shelf life milk processing on the bacterial composition associated with the nozzles of filling machines." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/53505.

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One of the possible reasons for post-contamination of extended shelf life (ESL) milk could be attachment and formation of biofilms on stainless steel pipe surfaces. In South Africa, ESL milk processors are still facing challenges extending the shelf life beyond 14 days. It is hypothesized that post-contamination along the milk processing line is responsible of reducing the shelf life of ESL milk. This assumption was investigated by assessing the microorganisms associated with the nozzles of aseptic filling machines post CIP process and this study was designed and divided into two phases. Phase one involved isolation and characterisation of the bacteria associated with the nozzles of aseptic filling machines after CIP process with the aim of determining the diversity of microorganisms attached to the nozzles of aseptic filling machines. Swab samples were collected from a plant processing ESL milk. Twenty swabs were taken from ten different nozzles of aseptic filling machines during 4 visits (n=80). The swab samples were plated on the day of sampling. A total bacterial count ranging from 1.75 - 1.95 log CFU/cm3 with an average of 1.81 log CFU/cm3 (n=80). MALDI-TOF revealed a high percentage of Gram-positive rods (69%), followed by Gram-positive cocci (20%) and then Gram-negative rods (7%). The Gram-positive rods belonging to genus Bacillus were identified as Bacillus cereus, followed by B. pumilus, B. subtilis and Paenibacillus spp. The Gram-positive cocci included S. hominis, S. epidermidis, Micrococcus luteus and Anaerococcus spp. The Gram-negative rods were identified as Acinetobacter junii. The prevalence of Bacillus spp. noted in the nozzles of ESL aseptic filling machines is attributed to their ability to resist heat treatment during CIP process and their ability to attach to stainless steel surfaces. There was a degree of similarity in terms of MALDI-TOF MS profiles for the strains of B. cereus, Staphylococcus spp. and Paenibacillus spp. originating from the nozzles of aseptic filling machines and the packaged ESL milk product. Furthermore, these isolates show close relatedness. These bacteria are likely to originate from the nozzles, dispensed into the final ESL milk during filling process. Phase two aimed at determining cell surface hydrophobicity of the isolates originating from the nozzles of aseptic filling machines. Co-currently the study further determined the ability of B. cereus, S. epidermidis, M. luteus and Paenibacillus spp. to attach and form biofilms on stainless surfaces. The bacterial strains were isolated from the nozzles of aseptic filling machines. The degree of hydrophobicity of the spore formers ranged from 8-91% while non-spore formers ranged from 6-67%. Hydrophobicity of S. hominis, S. epidermidis, Acinetobacter junii and Arthrobacter castelli differed significantly (p?0.05). Hydrophobicity of B. pumilus, Paenibacillus spp. and B. cereus (p?0.05) differed significantly. Spore formers showed the highest hydrophobicity to solvents, this can be contributed to their hydrophobic nature and their ability to attach to stainless surfaces. A continuous flow reactor system was used to grow biofilm of the isolates in skim milk. The skim milk was inoculated with spore suspension of B. cereus, Paenibacillus spp. and bacterial suspension of M. luteus and S. epidermidis. The bacterial suspensions were run separately over a period of 20h at 37°C. Stainless steel strips were submitted to Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) after 22h. The results suggested that spores of B. cereus and Paenibacillus spp. can only attach whilst M. luteus and S. epidermidis can attach and form biofilms on stainless steel. The ability of these isolates to form biofilms on stainless steel strips could be the main cause of contamination of ESL milk. Strains of Bacillus spp. can form biofilm on stainless steel and limit the shelf life of milk and milk products. However, toxins produced by some of these strains of B. cereus might be contagious to humans. The results confirmed that one of the reasons of contamination of ESL milk could be the ability of B. cereus to attach to stainless surfaces and M. luteus to form biofilms. Over and above the fact that the spores of B. cereus can lead to spoilage of milk and milk products, a concern is that the toxins produced by some of the strains of B. cereus are detrimental to human health.
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2015.
Food Science
MSc
Unrestricted

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22

Surak, Sarah Marie. "Bringing in the Garbage: Opening a Critical Space for Vehicle Disposal Practices." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77046.

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This dissertation examines the relationship among practices and policies of waste/ing and economic structures to make visible the implications of vehicle disposal policies for environmental policy and theory. Consequently, I attempt to build upon the small body of literature that is now critically engaging with waste production and resulting actions/inaction in the form of policies of management. In doing this I use waste as a lens to examine the interrelationships among environmental degradation and economic and political structures. Further, I examine these phenomena in relation to a physical object, the automobile, to add materiality to abstract notions of waste as it relates to both the political and the economic. Through vehicle recycling policies, I analyze how underlying economic structures in contemporary capitalism result in specific responses to the "problems" of waste as well as how the related responses, or "solutions" perpetuate an un-ecological industrial system which severely restricts the possibilities of making substantial change in the production of environmental harms.
Ph. D.

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23

Hyland, Paul. "DNA damage and mutation during extended culture of T cell clones in vitro : cause or effect of finite life span?" Thesis, University of Ulster, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.232861.

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24

Carlsson, Nina. "Mätinstrument för utvärdring av livskvalitet inom palliativ vård : -En svensk översättning och innehållsvalidering av McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire Extended." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för hälso- och vårdvetenskap (HV), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-59983.

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25

Busani, Silvia Fátima Borges 1954. "Estudo da viabilidade de tratamentos termicos alternativos para leite pasteurizado e de vida de prateleira estendida." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/322502.

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Orientador: Salvador Massaguer Roig
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-05T11:20:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Busani_SilviaFatimaBorges_D.PDF: 12953590 bytes, checksum: f4928b1a7cba5073da7384ea057dda79 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005
Doutorado
Doutor em Tecnologia de Alimentos

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26

Zhu, Eric F. (Eric Franklin). "Synergistic anti-tumor immune response to combination immunotherapy consisting of anti-tumor antibodies, extended half-life Interleukin-2, and other immunomodulatory agents." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/107872.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, 2016.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 109-123).
Cancer immunotherapies under development have generally focused on either stimulating T-cell immunity or driving antibody-directed effector functions of the innate immune system such as antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). However, as our understanding of antitumor immune responses grows, it has become increasingly apparent that single agent therapies may be insufficient to effectively stimulate all aspects of a complex robust anti-tumor response in a large proportion of patients. Thus, rational combination of single agent immunotherapies has become an area of increasing interest. In this work, we find that a combination of an anti-tumor antigen antibody and an untargeted IL-2 fusion protein with delayed systemic clearance induces significant tumor control in aggressive isogenic tumor models via a concerted innate and adaptive response. We find that this therapy induces the infiltration of various immune effectors such as neutrophils, eosinophils NK cells, and CD8+ T-cells that appear to direct cytolytic activity against tumor cells. This combination therapy also induces an intratumoral "cytokine storm," potentially re-polarizing the tumor microenvironment into one that is immunologically anti-tumor. We also identify cross-talk between NK cells and macrophages to induce intratumoral recruitment of neutrophils but with the requisite presence of anti-tumor antibodies and IL-2 simultaneously. We further enhanced the efficacy of this two-component therapy with the addition of a potent amphiphile-based anti-tumor peptide vaccine in combination with checkpoint blockade of anti-PD-I and anti-CTLA-4. This multi-component therapy was tested in a setting of a low-mutational burden GEM lung cancer model with a single known and targetable antigen: human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). We find that in the subcutaneous setting and autochthonous setting, both components of checkpoint blockade are necessary for full efficacy. While a 5- component therapy is admittedly unwieldy for clinical translation, understanding the complementary yet non-overlapping contributions of each agent may inform improved development of additional immunotherapy agents and their combinations in the clinic.
by Eric F. Zhu.
Ph. D.

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Blake, Michael R. "Microbiological and Sensory Effects of Milk Processed for Extended Shelf Life and the Development of Rapid Methods to Quantitate Spores and Lipase Activity." DigitalCommons@USU, 1996. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5436.

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The initial aim of this work was to evaluate processing conditions for extended shelf life (ESL) milk to have a shelf life at refrigeration temperature of 60 d. Milk was processed on a pilot-scale ultra-high-temperature processing plant and evaluated for microbial and sensory quality over 60 d at 7°C storage. Results of this study showed that lower process temperatures were preferable to minimize cooked flavors and that the minimum safe processing temperature was 134°C for 4 s as determined by the destruction of bacterial spores in the processed milk. Consumer preference panel results indicated that consumers preferred milk processed at 134°C for 4 s (those recommended in this study for ESL processing) to commercial UHT milk although there was a slight preference for pasteurized milk. The critical sensory characteristic of the processed milk was a cooked flavor, which decreased with lower processing temperature and shorter storage time; however, a significant increase in flavors that could be associated with lipolytic activity was also noted. This study highlighted deficiencies in existing methods for determining heat-stable bacterial products in thermal-processed foods. No rapid, sensitive assay for detection of heat-stable spores or lipases in milk exists. If such assays were available, it would allow processors to determine Lipase activity and bacterial spore counts before processing and direct raw milk with low spore counts and low lipolytic activity into long-shelf-life products. To this end, assays to rapidly quantitate spores and lipolytic activity in milk were developed. The lipase assay relies on the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl caprylate liberating a yellow color that is detected using reflectance colorimetry. The assay is sensitive to 5 mUnits/ml and is linearly correlated to spectrophotometry (r2 = 0.93) and release of titratable free fatty acids (r2 = 0.92 to 0.97). An immunocapture, enzyme-linked immunoassay coupled with a fluorescent detection system was developed for and resulted in a prototype spore assay using Bacillus stearothermophilus spores. This organism was selected because it is extremely heat resistant, is commonly found in milk, and is associated with spoilage of milk and milk products. The assay was able to quantitate spores down to 103 cfu/ml in milk and other products in about 1.5 h. Other detection limits could be set if needed.

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Collins, Ashley. "Quality attributes during 160 days refrigerated shelf life of a smoked, fully cooked sausage formulated with a nitrite containing pork preblend." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/20554.

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Master of Science
Food Science Institute
Elizabeth A. Boyle
Pork preblends held for 0, 4 or 7 d were formulated into smoked sausages and analyzed for cook yield, instrumental external color, pH, salt content, proximate analysis, Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), sensory analysis and purge percentage during 0, 110, 131 and 160 d display at an average 2.65 °C under fluorescent lighting. One preblend × day of display interaction was found for b* values. On display d 0, preblend d 7 was more yellow (P < 0.05) than preblend d 0 and 4; however, no differences (P > 0.05) were found for any preblends on d 110 or 160. On display d 131, preblend d 0 was more (P < 0.05) yellow than preblend d 4 but similar (P > 0.05) to preblend d 7. There was no preblend effect (P > 0.05) on any of the other attributes measured. Display day did not affect (P > 0.05) purge, pH, proximate analysis, WBSF, juiciness, saltiness or off-flavor. For color, a* and saturation index values decreased (P < 0.05) and L* increased (P < 0.05) between d 0 and 110 as well as d 110 and 131, while L*, a*, a*/b* ratio and saturation index values were similar (P > 0.05) from d 131 to 160. Hue angle value decreased from d 0 to 110 but was similar for the remaining display. A reduction (P < 0.05) in a*/b* ratio was shown from d 0 and 110 (average 0.85) to d 131 and 160 (average 0.78). There was a reduction in salt content by 0.43% and an increase in TBARS values by 0.46 mg malonaldehyde/100 g sample from d 0 compared to d 110, 131 and 160 (P < 0.05). Inconsistent differences were found for sensory panel traits bite and flavor intensity and a reduction in mouthfeel coating was found from d 0, 110 and 131 compared to 160 (P < 0.05). Therefore, preblending could be implemented without any detrimental outcome on quality or sensory attributes of skinless smoked sausage; however, as day of display increases product may become lighter, less red and more oxidized.

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Doll, Etienne Valerie [Verfasser], Siegfried [Akademischer Betreuer] Scherer, Siegfried [Gutachter] Scherer, and Rudi F. [Gutachter] Vogel. "Mikrobiologie von Extended-Shelf-Life Milch : Populationsdynamik während der Herstellung und Kühllagerung / Etienne Valerie Doll ; Gutachter: Siegfried Scherer, Rudi F. Vogel ; Betreuer: Siegfried Scherer." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1152006657/34.

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30

Doll, Etienne Valerie Verfasser], Siegfried [Akademischer Betreuer] [Scherer, Siegfried [Gutachter] Scherer, and Rudi F. [Gutachter] Vogel. "Mikrobiologie von Extended-Shelf-Life Milch : Populationsdynamik während der Herstellung und Kühllagerung / Etienne Valerie Doll ; Gutachter: Siegfried Scherer, Rudi F. Vogel ; Betreuer: Siegfried Scherer." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:91-diss-20180117-1380320-1-4.

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31

Weed, Amanda J. "Don't Be a Zombie: Bringing Persuasion to Life through Fictional Narratives." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1385993180.

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32

Smith, Joshua D. "Extended performance techniques and compositional style in the solo concert vibraphone music of Christopher Deane." Thesis, connect to online resource, 2008. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-9030.

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Thesis (D.M.A.)--University of North Texas, 2008.
System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Accompanied by 4 recitals, recorded Apr. 24, 2006, Sept. 25, 2006, Apr. 16, 2007, and May 13, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-66).

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Watson, Sabrina Blount. "Correlations of Race, Ethnicity, and Family Relations on the Developmental Outcomes of Youth Raised in Single Mother Headed Households." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3075.

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Despite known risk factors associated with families headed by single mothers such as delinquency, substance abuse, and early unprotected sex, researchers have rarely focused on how family relations positively shape the developmental trajectories of youth living in nontraditional families. The purpose of this correlational study was to examine the relationship between the independent variables of ethnicity, parent-child relationship, and family interaction (including the relationship with important non-parental adults) and the dependent variables of developmental outcomes (social and emotional competence) for youth living in families headed by single mothers. The associations were investigated using data collected from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods, a longitudinal cohort study. The relationships between variables were analyzed using a descriptive statistics method. The results of the study indicated no race-related differences in a child's closeness to mother in single-mother families. A significant positive correlation showed a difference in closeness to family members across ethnic groups, by age. Multiple regression analysis was employed to determine if there were statistically significant differences between closeness to the mother or family members, and the outcomes. The findings indicated that closeness to family was positively correlated to emotional outcomes for youth, and a significant positive correlation was found between family interaction and social outcomes. These results may have implications for positive social change by providing public health practitioners with strategies to support positive youth development, altering the future of youth, families, and society which will ultimately benefit from a stronger population of emotionally and socially competent young adults.

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Marshall, Ashley M. "Development of a Practice Guideline for DNP Prepared Nurse Practitoners Working in Long-Term Care Facilities." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2093.

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Clinical evidence-based practice guidelines providing recommendations for health care decision making have become vital components of long-term health care practice in the United States. Frequently changing guidelines have complicated nurse practitioners' (NPs) efforts to implement evidence-based practice into the daily care that they provide to patients. The purpose of this project was to develop an evidence-based practice guideline for doctoral-prepared NPs working in long-term care facilities. This project is important because practitioners use practice guidelines to provide patients with the most appropriate, evidence-based care. Kolcaba's comfort theory was used to guide this project. Kolcaba's theory holds that comfort exists in 3 forms: relief, ease, and transcendence. Comfort theory, with its emphasis on physical, psychospiritual, sociocultural, and environmental aspects of comfort, will lead to a proactive, diverse, and multifaceted approach to providing patient care. A complete practice guideline was developed for doctoral-prepared NPs. For the review of the scholarly evidence, an electronic search that yielded 34 articles was completed. Twenty-six of these articles were excluded because the articles were more than 20 years old and/or focused on a specialty. Findings from the 8 articles were used to develop the practice guideline, which was reviewed by an advisory committee of 7 experts. The AGREE tool was used by the advisory committee to provide feedback on the quality of the practice guideline. Implementation of the practice guideline will take place in a facility in Indiana that currently uses 3 NPs. A doctoral-prepared NP will evaluate the practice guideline annually for patient trends including hospital readmission and infection rates.

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Cristóbal, Narváez Paula. "Impact of gene-environment interaction on the real-world expression of psychosis risk: linking genetic variation, childhood adversity and daily-life experiences across the extended psychosis phenotype." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400220.

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La investigación en el ámbito de la interacción gen-ambiente, basada en la sinergia de factores genéticos y ambientales, ha tenido una gran relevancia en el campo de la psicosis. El principal objetivo de la tesis fue investigar la interacción entre factores ambientales y de variabilidad genética individual en el fenotipo psicótico usando la técnica Experience Sampling Methodology (ESM). El cuerpo de la tesis incluye cinco capítulos relacionados con temas como: la sinergia entre factores ambientales distales (trauma en la infancia) y factores proximales (estrés momentáneo) en experiencias psicóticas en la vida diaria, la moderación de variantes genéticas en la asociación entre ambos factores, y el análisis de las interacciones gen-ambiente incorporando posibles factores protectores. Específicamente, el Capítulo 1 trata de investigar el impacto de la interacción entre experiencias adversas en la infancia y estrés momentáneo (situacional y social) en las experiencias de tipo psicótico de la vida diaria en una muestra no clínica. Los resultados del estudio indicaron que las adversidades como abuso, negligencia o bullying, caracterizadas por una marcada intencionalidad, fueron asociadas con experiencias de tipo psicótico en la vida diaria. Sin embargo, estas asociaciones no se daban en los casos de adversidades como muertes o eventos traumáticos. Además, a diferencia de los eventos traumáticos, las adversidades de naturaleza interpersonal (como abuso, negligencia, bullying o pérdidas de personas cercanas) aumentaron la reactividad psicótica en respuesta a ambos tipos de estrés. El Capítulo 2 investigó el papel que juegan importantes variantes genéticas, las cuáles están implicadas en sistemas biológicos de regulación del estrés, en interacción con factores ambientales proximales y distales incrementando el riesgo de experiencias psicóticas a lo largo del fenotipo extendido de psicosis, es decir, en participantes de la muestra no clínica y clínica. Los resultados indicaron que los haplotipos de riesgo (FKBP5, RGS4) y el alelo de riesgo del receptor de la oxitocina (OXTR rs2254298) interaccionaron con factores ambientales distales y proximales, respectivamente, incrementando las experiencias de tipo psicótico en la muestra clínica. Los Capítulos 3 y 4 aportan nuevas contribuciones al campo de la investigación gen-ambiente dado que investigan la interacción de variantes genéticas con la acción combinada de ambos factores ambientales. Los resultados indicaron que la interacción del Bullying con el haplotipo de riesgo FKBP5 incrementan las experiencias de tipo psicótico, así como también aumentan la reactividad psicótica y afectiva en respuesta a estrés de tipo social. Similarmente, la exposición a otras adversidades de naturaleza interpersonal en interacción con las variantes COMT (rs4680) and OXTR (53576), también conllevan a un incremento de la reactividad psicótica y afectiva en respuesta a estrés de tipo social. Finalmente, el Capítulo 5 examina si los factores genéticos y ambientales de protección pueden interactuar entre ellos disminuyendo las experiencias de tipo psicótico. Los resultados del estudio revelaron que la interacción entre el haplotipo de protección FKBP5 y las experiencias positivas en la vida diaria tenían un impacto en la disminución de los síntomas en los participantes de la muestra clínica. En resumen, la presente tesis evidencia que la interacción entre ambos factores ambientes y la variabilidad genética individual es importante para identificar posibles factores de riesgo implicados en la expresión de experiencias de tipo psicótico en la vida diaria, y para el descubrimiento de mecanismos subyacentes a lo largo del fenotipo psicótico. Además, el presente trabajo muestra que examinar las diferencias individuales teniendo también en cuenta factores de protección, permite refinar y expandir nuestro conocimiento sobre los procesos de vulnerabilidad y resiliencia implicados en el fenotipo extendido de psicosis. Por último, los hallazgos de la presente tesis pueden tener aplicaciones clínicas sobretodo en el uso de intervenciones ecológicas momentáneas.
The gene-environment interaction (GxE) research is based on the synergistic co-participation between nature and nurture factors, and has been considered a remarkable approach for understanding the development of psychosis. The present thesis sought to investigate the interplay between environmental factors and individual genetic variation on the psychotic phenomena using Experience Sampling Methodology (ESM). The body of the thesis includes five chapters investigating issues related to the synergy of distal (childhood trauma) and proximal (momentary stress) environmental factors on psychotic experiences in daily life; the moderating role of genetic variants in the association between distal and proximal environmental factors, and the examination of GxE interactions taking into consideration not only risk factors, but also plausible protective factors. Specifically, Chapter 1 sought to elucidate the mechanisms involved in the contribution of a range of childhood adversities in interaction with situational and social stressors on the real-world expression of psychotic risk in nonclinical young adults. The results of this study indicated that intentional forms of childhood adversity (abuse, neglect and bullying), but not losses or general traumatic events, were associated with psychotic experiences in the realm of daily life. In addition, unlike general traumatic events, adversities of an interpersonal nature (abuse, neglect, bullying and losses) increased psychotic reactivity to both situational and social stressors. Chapter 2 investigated the role of genetic variants, which are involved in relevant biological systems for stress regulation, in interaction with distal and proximal environmental factors on psychotic features across the extended psychosis phenotype, that is, in both nonclinical and early-psychosis individuals. The results showed that the risk haplotypes (FKBP5, RGS4) and the risk allele OXTR (rs2254298) interact with distal and proximal environmental factors, respectively, increasing psychotic experiences in early-psychosis individuals. Chapters 3 and 4 provide novel contributions to GxE research by investigating further the interplay of relevant genetic variation with the combined action of both environmental factors. Results indicated that bullying interacts with the FKBP5 risk haplotype in shaping the real-world expression of psychosis risk and increasing psychotic and affective responses to social stress. Similarly, the exposure to other distal interpersonal adversities (self-reported abuse and neglect) with COMT (rs4680) and OXTR (53576) exacerbated psychotic and affective reactivity to social stressors. Finally, Chapter 5 sought to extend our current understanding of GxE interactions examining the plausible interplay between protective genetic and environmental factors in the amelioration of psychotic experiences in daily life. Results revealed that the interaction of the protective FKBP5 haplotype and positive experiences results in the amelioration of daily-life psychotic experiences in in help-seeking individuals, but not in nonclinical participants. Overall, the present thesis provides evidence that the interaction of both distal and proximal environmental stressors with genetic variants is relevant for identifying plausible risk factors implicated in the real-world expression of psychotic features and, for uncovering mechanistic pathways to the extended psychosis phenotype. Furthermore, the present work show that the examination of individual differences taking into consideration not only adversity but also protective factors on the daily-life expression of psychosis risk, may refine and expand our understanding about the vulnerability and resilience processes involved in the extended psychosis phenotype. The findings may ultimately have implications for identifying relevant key targets that could be useful for ecological momentary interventions.

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36

Wolf, David Malcolm. "The Published Vibraphone Music of Christopher Deane: An examination and comparison of Mourning Dove Sonnet and The Apocryphal Still Life." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1211892637.

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37

Řežucha, Tomáš. "Senzorová síť WirelessHART." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-377031.

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The master’s thesis is focused on building WirelessHART node demo and on a description of WirelessHART standard, which is used in wireless sensor networks. Out of the comprehensive WirelessHART specifications firstly, the two lowest layers of OSI networking model are described: physical and data link layer. Secondly, burst mode and device variables are described to provide necessary information for data publishing in the network. The mote is assembled according to hardware and software requirements of WirelessHART demo system. The node is complemented by its firmware and PC application demonstrating its features in a user-friendly manner.

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38

Azam, Saeid. "Extended affine Lie algebras and extended affine Weyl groups." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ27440.pdf.

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39

Sihvo, Cecilia, and Diana Mesanovic. "Consumption in life transition : How do unemployed consumers behave in the marketplace?" Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, EMM (Entrepreneurship, Marketing, Management), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-12664.

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Background: We live in a world where not everyone is employed; numerous people havelost their jobs due to several factors where one of them is the economic crisis. This has hada huge impact on Sweden and the unemployment rate. Previous research has shown thatinflation, unemployment, and high interest rates represent risks to consumer welfare. We all consume daily, or on occasions, but how do unemployed consumers consume, what do they consume and why? In this area, the authors have found a knowledge gap in literature; therefore exploring this phenomenon is of interest.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore and illustrate how consumers who have experienced a life transition, from employment to unemployment, are affected by this and how it has an impact on their consumption.

Method: This is an exploratory study performed with a qualitative and an abductive approach, where the authors used primary data collection through semi-structured in-depth interviews in Swedish with 16 unemployed consumers. These unemployed consumers were selected at Arbetsförmedlingen, the public employment service, in Jönköping.

Results: By living in unemployment the consumers have been affected psychologically, physically, financially and socially. Their identity has changed for each of them since they have to adapt to the new circumstances in their life. The new life situation has had an impact on the consumer’s well-being where depression, anxiety, and a feeling of being the underdog in the society is present. Their new life situation has implied a change in their consumption behavior since they nowadays have to prioritize the basic needs. Many of the respondents used explicit and implicit shopping-list in order to reduce their impulse buying. The contribution that the authors have done to the theory of resistance is a fourth category called ‘Everyday life resistance’ which explains the behavior of people who live in unemployment, i.e. they always have to think about resisting temptations, wants, desires, and avoiding situations where the result may be unnecessary consumption. The consumers in this study are highly involved in their consumption behavior, which the authors have chosen to call ‘reversed habitual decision making’. This kind of involvement is very high despite the high- or low risk category of the product. Their new life situation has made them more aware of product alternatives, market supply, prices, and also knowledge about their own resistance in the marketplace.

Bakgrund: Vi lever i en värld där inte alla har en anställning, en omfattande andel av befolkningen har förlorat sitt jobb på grund av flera faktorer, där en av dem är den ekonomiska krisen. Detta har haft en stor påverkan på Sverige och dess arbetslöshet. Föregående studier har visat att inflation, arbetslöshet och hög räntesats representerar risk för konsumentens välbefinnande. Vi alla konsumerar dagligen eller vid speciella tillfällen, men hur konsumerar en arbetslös konsument, vad konsumerar dem och varför? Inom detta område har författarna funnit ett kunskaps gap i litteraturen, därav är en undersökning av detta fenomen av intresse.

Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att utforska och illustrera hur konsumenter som har genomgått en livsförändring, från att ha varit anställd till att vara arbetslös, är påverkade av detta och hur detta har inverkat på deras konsumtion.

Metod: Detta är en explorativ studie genomförd med en kvalitativ och abduktiv tillvägagångssätt där författarna har använt sig av primär information samlad genom, till viss del, strukturerade djupgående intervjuer på svenska med 16 arbetslösa konsumenter. Dessa var utvalda vid Arbetsförmedlingen i Jönköping.

Resultat: Att leva som arbetslös har påverkat konsumenterna psykologiskt, fysiskt, finansiellt och socialt. Deras identitet har förändrats då de måste anpassa sig till den nya livssituationen. Den nya situationen har påverkat konsumenternas hälsa då de känner av depression, ängslan och känner sig mindre värda i samhället. Deras nya livssituation har inneburit en det förändringar i deras konsument beteende eftersom de numera måste prioritera sina primära behov. Många av studiens deltagare använde sig av explicita och implicita inköpslistor för att minimera spontanköp. Författarnas bidrag till teorin om motstånd är en fjärde kategori kallad ‘Vardagligt motstånd’ vilket förklarar beteendet hos arbetslösa personer dvs. de måste hela tiden tänka på att motstå frestelser, begär och försöka undvika situationer där onödiga inköp kan uppstå. Konsumenterna i denna studie är synnerligen involverade i sitt konsument beteende, detta har författarna valt att benämna ’omvänt rutin besluts genomförande’. Denna typ av involvering är väldigt hög oavsett om produktkategorin innebär hög- eller låg risk. Deras nya livssituation har gjort dem mer medvetna om alternativa produkter, marknadens utbud, priser och ny kunskap om deras egna motstånd inom konsumtionssamhället.

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Watts, Gerard Marcel Tannerie. "Extended algebras in conformal field theory." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.277913.

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41

Montserrat, Boada Carme. "Benestar i acolliment d'infants en família extensa: percepcions, avaluacions i aspiracions dels principals agents implicats." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/8001.

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La importància que els acolliments en família extensa han assolit en la darrera dècada dins dels sistemes de protecció infantil en la major part dels països occidentals, contrasta tant amb l'escassa i recent investigació científica com amb els pocs recursos destinats als infants i adolescents que hi són acollits. L'objectiu general de la tesi ha estat el d'aprofundir en el coneixement i comprensió d'aquest fenomen dins del sistema de protecció infantil a Catalunya. La present recerca s'ha realitzat recollint els punts de vista dels tres grans conjunts d'agents socials implicats: els acollidors, els infants i adolescents acollits i els professionals dels EAIAs (Equips d'Atenció a la Infància i Adolescència) que els atenen; explorant les seves percepcions, avaluacions, expectatives i satisfaccions referides a l'acolliment. Així mateix, l'estudi s'ha dut a terme amb una metodologia de disseny mixt, recollint dades quantitatives i qualitatives. Els resultats mostrats ens suggereixen un seguit d'implicacions per a la pràctica i ens obren nous reptes de recerca, per tal de promoure, en definitiva, la qualitat de vida dels nois i noies i dels seus acollidors.
La importancia que los acogimientos en familia extensa han adquirido en la última década dentro de los sistemas de protección infantil en la mayor parte de los países occidentales, contrasta tanto con la escasa y reciente investigación científica como con los pocos recursos destinados a los niños/as y adolescentes que son acogidos. El objetivo general de la tesis ha sido el de profundizar en el conocimiento y comprensión de este fenómeno dentro del sistema de protección infantil en Catalunya. La presente investigación se ha realizado recogiendo los puntos de vista de los tres grandes conjuntos de agentes sociales implicados: los acogedores, los niños/as y adolescentes acogidos y los profesionales de los EAIAs (Equipos de Atención a la Infancia y Adolescencia) que los atienden; explorando sus percepciones, evaluaciones, expectativas y satisfacciones referidas al acogimiento. Asimismo, el estudio se ha llevado a cabo con una metodología de diseño mixto, recogiendo datos cuantitativos y cualitativos. Los resultados mostrados nos sugieren un conjunto de implicaciones para la práctica y nos abren nuevos retos de investigación científica, con el fin de promover, en definitiva, la calidad de vida de los chicos y chicas y de sus acogedores.
The importance of the increasing use of kinship care in the last decade within the child protection systems in most of the western countries, contrasts so much with the scarce and recent scientific research as well as with the few resources dedicated to the children and adolescents who are in extended family placements. The general objective of the thesis has been to deepen in the knowledge and understanding of this phenomenon within the Catalan child protection system. The present research has been carried out gathering the points of view of the three main stakeholders: the kinship carers, the children who are placed in extended family and the practitioners of the EAIAs (Children and Adolescence Care Teams) in charge of them. It explores their perceptions, evaluations, expectations and satisfactions referred to kinship care. Also, the study has been undertaken with a methodology of mixed design, gathering quantitative and qualitative data. The findings suggest a number of implications for the practice and they open new challenges for scientific research, with the final purpose of promoting the quality of life of children and their kinship carers.

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Perez, Faviana, and Ilirian Krasniqi. "Linjeutvidningens värde : Konsumenternas utvärdering av linjeutvidgade produkter och dess relation till prissättningen." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Business Studies, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-2717.

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A common assumption in marketing is the wider variety of product a corporation has, the better for the consumer: more product - more choices. Companies often develop a line extension to broaden consumer range through product attributes including quality, function and design. These developed attributes within the product are not always optimal for the consumer. As a result, companies often become entangled in having a price higher than the cost and benefit of the products. This essay aims to analyze the consumer value of line extension products and how these evaluations relate to extended line product pricing. A quantitative approach has been used, while data has been collected through structured questions with multiple-choice answers. Various theories concerning the products of different levels, consumer attitudes and pricing of line extension products have been assessed for this essay. The data used for survey purposes is from three different surveys in three different grocery stores. The results reveal a connection between the customer evaluation and pricing, although not as strong as initially thought. The price of organic coffee and whole meal pasta, in relation to its respective core, was relatively the same. Also, the customer evaluation of these products was equally related (See Figure 21). Generally a corporation prices products according to specific attributes. Lactose-free milk was an exception by being priced 157% higher than the other line extension products. This variation in price happens without correlation to consumers’ evaluation.

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43

Chai, Ming [Verfasser]. "Runtime Verification of Railway Applications with Extended Live Sequence Charts / Ming Chai." Aachen : Shaker, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1094396656/34.

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44

Yoshii, Yoji. "The coordinate algebra of extended affine Lie algebras of type A(1)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0015/NQ46556.pdf.

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45

Piñero, P. (Pablo). "The metabolism of socio-economic systems:combination of input-output analysis and material flow accounting for footprint-type indicators." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2019. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526224848.

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Abstract This thesis explored innovative ways to improve estimation of material footprint-type indicators in application of Input-Output (IO) analysis to Material Flow Accounting. The following six research questions were addressed: 1) What is the potential impact of sector aggregation in IO modelling of raw material flows? Modelling errors due to aggregation of industries with dissimilar material requirements and trade structures into a single sector in IO models when calculating the material footprint were empirically analysed relative to greenhouse gas emissions. Significant biases emerged for raw material flows, which suggests that care should be taken when aggregating extractive sectors in IO models. 2) Can bottom-up approaches, such as LCA (Life Cycle Assessment), improve estimation of the raw materials embodied in trade products? and 3) What are the implications of integration of country-specific information from high geographical coverage IO models into LCA approaches for calculation of raw material embodied in trade products? An approach for combining country-specific production blueprints with LCA based on regional averages was developed. This approach proved useful in refining estimates of upstream raw materials embodied in trade products, although care is needed during its application since new biases may arise. 4) Can further perspectives be gained with a new allocation method, the ‘value added-based material footprint’, which assigns supply chain-wide raw material extractions to each participating economic actor according to its added value generation, contributing to discussions on the distribution of mitigation costs? Certain countries and sectors were found to be more material-intensive with this new accounting approach than in other widely known allocation methods, e.g. consumer footprint. 5) Are there unequal exchanges between high-income economies and middle- and lower-income countries when measured in terms of raw material and value added flows? and 6) Could integration of local and global IO data provide useful insights to study presence/absence of unequal material exchange at sub-national level? A study of material flows at inter- and intra-national level demonstrated that a regional economy can play a twofold role, both as sink or source of raw materials and in value added, depending on its position in the global economic hierarchy
Tiivistelmä Tässä työssä tutkittiin innovatiivisia tapoja, joilla voitaisiin parantaa materiaalijalanjälki -tyyppisten indikaattoreiden käytettävyyttä panos-tuotos (Input-Output, IO) -analyysissa, kun niitä sovelletaan Materiaalivirta-analyysi (Material Flow Accounting, MFA) -metodiin. Seuraaviin tutkimuskysymyksiin haettiin vastauksia: 1) Mikä on sektorien yhdistämisen potentiaalinen vaikutus raaka-ainevirtojen IO-mallintamisessa ja miten poikkeamia voidaan estää? Tämän puitteissa tarkasteltiin mallinnusvirheitä, jotka johtuvat erilaisten toimialojen yhdistämisistä yhdeksi sektoriksi. 2) Voivatko alhaalta ylöspäin suuntautuvat lähestymistavat, kuten elinkaariarviointi parantaa tuotteisiin sisältyvien raaka-ainevirtojen arviointia? ja 3) Mitä vaikutuksia on laajan maantieteellisen kattavuuden IO-malleihin sisältyvien maakohtaisten tietojen yhdistämisestä LCA-pohjaisiin lähestymistapoihin, kun tavoitteena on laskea tuotteisiin sisältyviä raaka-ainemääriä? Tämän tutkimista varten kehitettiin lähestymistapa, joka yhdisti maakohtaiset tuotantosuunnitelmat ja elinkaariarvioinnin. Tämä lähestymistapa osoittautui hyödylliseksi tarkentamalla arvioita tuotteissa olevista raaka-aineista, vaikkakin sen soveltaminen edellyttää varovaisuutta, koska uusia vääristymiä voi syntyä. 4) Voidaanko uusia näkökulmia löytää uudella arvonlisäykseen perustuvalla allokointimenetelmällä, joka jakaa raaka-aineen louhinnan kullekin toimintaketjun osallistuvalle taloudelliselle toimijalle lisäarvon tuotannon mukaan? Tämän uuden kirjanpitomenetelmän mukaan jotkut maat ja alat ovat materiaali-intensiivisempiä kuin niitä on pidetty kulutuksen jalanjälkiallokointimenetelmien perusteella. 5) Onko korkean tulotason talouksien ja keskitasoiselle ja alhaiselle tulotasolle asettuvien maiden välillä epätasaisia vaihtoja, kun raaka-ainekulutusta ja arvonlisäystä mitataan? ja 6) Voisiko paikallisten ja globaalien IO-tietojen integrointi antaa hyödyllisiä näkökulmia tutkimukseen, joka tarkastelee epätasaisen aineenvaihdon esiintymistä tai puuttumista alueellisella tasolla? Materiaalivirtojen tutkiminen kansainvälisellä ja kansallisella tasolla, jossa yhdistettiin IO-tietokannat erilaisella maantieteellisellä resoluutiolla osoitti, että alueellisella taloudella voi olla kaksoisrooli sekä raaka-aineiden että arvonlisäyksen lähteenä tai nieluna riippuen sen asemasta globaalissa taloushierarkiassa

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46

Marcolini, Donatella. "X-raying the extended narrow line regions in the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 5252." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/23315/.

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In questo lavoro di tesi, presentiamo lo studio spazialmente risolto della estesa narrow-line region della vicina (z=0.0234) galassia Seyfert II NGC 5252 come tracciato dalla sua emissione di raggi X e [OIII]. Questo oggetto è ampiamente noto per mostrare spettacolari coni di ionizzazione in [OIII]5007Å e raggi X, raggiungendo estensioni di poche decine di kpc dal nucleo in entrambe le direzioni; questi rendono NGC 5252 un laboratorio straordinario per studiare la natura e i parametri del campo di radiazione nelle Seyfert Narrow Line Region. In questo lavoro usiamo per la prima volta, l’intera copertura di Chandra disponibile per questa fonte (quattro osservazioni prese su una scala temporale di circa 11 anni), che garantisce un tempo di esposizione finale di circa 230 ks. L’analisi spettrale a risoluzione moderata di Chandra ci ha permesso di indagare anche le proprietà spettrali inferiori a 1 keV di ciascuna shell utilizzando un modello semplificato (“fenomenologico”), fornendo cosı̀ una stima dei loro flussi (quindi le luminosità superficiali) in funzione della distanza dal nucleo. Siamo stati in grado di modellare il profilo dei raggi X con una legge r −2, confermando che il numero di fotoni ionizzanti rimane quasi costante lungo la struttura. Il profilo di luminosità della superficie [OIII] mostra una legge più piatta. Il rapporto di flusso derivato [OIII]/soft X-ray lungo i coni di ionizzazione non è costante; tuttavia, una volta che la shell meridionale, quella più vicina al nucleo, è esclusa dal calcolo, il rapporto si estende nell’intervallo ≈ 14 −36, cioè entro un fattore tre. Questo risultato suggerisce il parametro di ionizzazione costante spostandosi verso l’esterno dal nucleo. Infine, l’analisi delle shell della narrow line region attraverso i raggi X e le osservazioni [OIII] può essere considerata una sorta di astro-archeologia, sondando la storia dell’accrescimento di NGC 5252 negli ultimi 50.000 anni.

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47

Ḥasan, Ṣalāḥ 1964. "Methods to extend the mold free shelf life of pizza crusts." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27337.

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In this research, initial studies were done to determine the effect of various methods of presentation involving chemical preservatives, water activity ($ rm a sb{w}$), and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on mold growth in an agar model system. Results showed that preservatives could completely inhibit mold growth for 2-40d depending on concentration and pH used. Gas packaging (60% or 80% CO$ sb2$), oxygen absorbents, alone or in combination with potassium sorbate, could also inhibit mold growth for $>$40d at ambient storage temperature using a Response Surface Methodology (RSM) approach.
The effects of various methods of applying potassium sorbate into pizza crusts via direct incorporation into the batter, surface spraying, and impregnation of packaging material with potassium sorbate to control mold spoilage of pizza crusts were also investigated. Results showed that the antimicrobial effect of potassium sorbate was negligible when the packaging material was impregnated with the inhibitor but more pronounced when it was incorporated directly into the dough or sprayed onto the product's surface. The inhibitory effect of potassium sorbate increased as both the pH and the inoculum level decreased.
Shelf life studies using low concentrations of potassium sorbate (1000 and 2000 p.p.m.) and MAP, alone and in combination with each other, showed that potassium sorbate, gas packaging or oxygen absorbents (Ageless FX) could extend the shelf life of pizza crusts and decrease the growth rate of molds, bacteria and yeast. Furthermore, when pizza crusts were packaged in 60% CO$ sb2$ or with an oxygen absorbent, in combination with potassium sorbate (1000-2000 p.p.m.), a shelf life of 42d was possible without compromising the sensory shelf life of the product. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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48

Hasan, Salah. "Methods to extend the mold free shelf life of pizza crusts." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq29712.pdf.

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49

Feghali, Fadi Jean. "Potential of surface coatings to extend the service life of concrete structures." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.547677.

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50

Malgerud, Johan, and Daniel Skarp. "Energy efficient control of a low voltage motor to extend battery life." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-202394.

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Intresset för elektromekaniska lås ökar, på grund av dess många fördelar jämfört med de rent mekaniska låsen. Fördelar med elektromekaniska lås är, tillgång till online tillträdes hantering och billigare nycklar. Dessa applikationer är ofta batteridriven vilket ökar behovet av energibesparing för att förlänga batteriets livslängd. Detta examensarbete har till syfte att minska energiförbrukningen i ASSA ABLOY lås, Aperio E100 med hjälp av mer intelligent motorstyrning, samt genom att välja lämpligare hårdvara. Avhandlingen börjar med att utvärdera olika ställdonstyper, och välja det mest lämpliga för Aperio E100 låset. En mer djupgående undersökning för denna motortyp genomförs sedan för att hitta nya energieffektiva styrmetoder samt en mer passande motor och motor brygga. En borstlös DC motor valdes för att ersätta det nuvarande borst DC motorn i Aperio E100. En spänningsstegsmetod används för att minska energiförbrukningen, genom att simulera ingångssteg med hjälp av MATLAB Simulink. Den totala förbrukningen av borst DC motorn minskade med 33%, och den borstlösa DC motorn med 89%. Dessa minskningar av motorkonsumtionen ledde till en teoretisk förlägning av batteritiden på 8 respektive 17,6 månader.
The interest for electromechanical locks is constantly increasing, with its many advantages over the purely mechanical varieties, such as intelligent access schedules, online access handling, and cheaper credentials. These applications are often battery powered making the need for energy conservation crucial when extending the battery lifetime.This master thesis will reduce the energy consumption of the ASSA ABLOY, Aperio E100 lock using more intelligent control of the motor, as well as by selecting more suitable hardware. The thesis starts out by evaluating different actuator types, and selecting the most suitable for the Aperio E100 application. An in depth study for this motor type then reveals new energy efficient control methods for this.A brushless DC motor is chosen to replace the current brushed DC motor in the application. A voltage trajectory method is then used to reduce the consumption, by simulating input steps using MATLAB. The total consumption of the brushed DC motor was reduced with 33%, and the brushless DC motor with 89%. These reductions in the motor consumption lead to a theoretical increase in the battery life of 8 and 17,6months respectively.

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