Книги: "Explant cultures"

1

Cultural evolution: How Darwinian theory can explain human culture and synthesize the social sciences. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2011.

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2

Ayyagari, Meghana. How well do institutional theories explain firms' perceptions of property rights? [Washington, D.C: World Bank, 2005.

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3

National identity in global cinema: How movies explain the world. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011.

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4

Jewcentricity: Why Jews are praised, blamed, and used to explain just about everything. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2009.

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5

Helliwell, John F. How's life?: Combining individual and national variables to explain subjective well-being. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2002.

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6

Devroye, Dan. Does inequality in skills explain inequality of earnings across advanced countries? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2001.

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7

Devroye, Dan. Does inequality in skills explain inequality of earnings across advanced countries? London: Centre for Economic Performance, 2002.

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8

Back to our future: How the 1980s explain the world we live in now--our culture, our politics, our everything. New York: Ballantine Books, 2011.

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9

Cohen, Elizabeth Storr, and Margaret Louise Reeves, eds. The Youth of Early Modern Women. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462984325.

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Through fifteen essays that work from a rich array of primary sources, this collection makes the novel claim that early modern European women, like men, had a youth. European culture recognised that, between childhood and full adulthood, early modern women experienced distinctive physiological, social, and psychological transformations. Drawing on two mutually shaped layers of inquiry — cultural constructions of youth and lived experiences — these essays exploit a wide variety of sources, including literary and autobiographical works, conduct literature, judicial and asylum records, drawings, and material culture. The geographical and temporal ranges traverse England, Ireland, Italy, France, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Spain, and Mexico from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century. This volume brings fresh attention to representations of female youth, their own life writings, young women’s training for adulthood, courtship, and the emergent sexual lives of young unmarried women.

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10

Mesoudi, Alex. Cultural Evolution: How Darwinian Theory Can Explain Human Culture and Synthesize the Social Sciences. University of Chicago Press, 2011.

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11

Mesoudi, Alex. Cultural Evolution: How Darwinian Theory Can Explain Human Culture and Synthesize the Social Sciences. University of Chicago Press, 2011.

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12

Leung, Angela K. Y., and Brandon Koh. The Role of Culture in Creative Cognition. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190455675.003.0001.

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In this chapter, we propose the complementary model of culture and creativity (CMCC) to account for three pairs of contrasting forces that characterize the manners in which individuals manage their cultural experiences and that produce impacts on creative pursuits. We theorize three bidimensional psychological processes that explain the effects of culture on creativity: (a) stereotyping versus destabilizing cultural norms, (b) fixating on one cultural mindset versus alternating between cultural frames, and (c) distancing from versus integrating cultures. We contend that a broader and diversifying cultural experience offers an impetus to break down cultural confines, to oscillate between a variety of cultural perspectives, and to synthesize a multitude of ideas from different cultures, which can bring about discernible enduring benefits to creativity. We discuss the CMCC by putting it in the perspective of the state-of-the-art empirical findings on culture and creativity.

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13

Rose, David C. Culture as Instrument. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199330720.003.0004.

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This chapter explains why an adequate understanding of culture requires that we consider how culture works in like fashion across all societies. There is more to culture than the peculiarities of the societies we live in, and it is by understanding what gives culture its power that we can better understand how to ensure that the kind of culture that can support mass flourishing can be sustained. A hallmark of most cultures is childhood instruction. This is crucial for encoding morally desirable behavior through tastes, but this mechanism can also produce the cultural lock-in of beliefs and practices that are inimical to the emergence of a free market democracy and mass flourishing.

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14

Goldstein, Cindy S. Tissue culture and plant regeneration from immature embryo explants of twenty-two genotypes of barley, Hordeum vulgare L. 1985.

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15

Minds make societies: How cognition explains the world humans create. Yale University Press, 2018.

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16

Boyer, Pascal. Minds Make Societies: How Cognition Explains the World Humans Create. Yale University Press, 2018.

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17

Boyer, Pascal. Minds Make Societies: How Cognition Explains the World Humans Create. Yale University Press, 2020.

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18

Liebling, Alison, and Deborah Kant. The Two Cultures. Edited by John Wooldredge and Paula Smith. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199948154.013.11.

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This chapter assesses how correctional officers exercise their authority over inmates. How officers influence prison climates is discussed in conjunction with their roles in impeding or facilitating the goals of confinement, and in particular their impact on a climate supportive of offender change. The authors draw from ethnography on prisons across the United Kingdom to explain some correctional officers’ distrust of managers, their cynicism toward correctional reform, and their alienation from liberal humanitarian goals. Examples of officer “cultures,” informal rules of conduct, and the origins of cultural values are identified toward the end of discussing how such values might shape inmates’ attitudes toward legal authority. An important question is whether the origins of these cultural values are structural and inherent in the prison, or whether these cultures differ so greatly across prisons that other explanations must play a part.

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19

Kramer, Alan. The First World War as Cultural Trauma. Edited by R. J. B. Bosworth. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199594788.013.0003.

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This article incorporates two complex concepts: trauma and culture. Trauma in the original medical sense meant simply a physical injury; it came to mean a state of shock brought on by injury; and in psychoanalysis it means the condition that can result from an emotional shock. Traditionalists might object that trauma is only individual, not collective; there can therefore be no cultural trauma. However, the term ‘collective traumatic memory’ can justifiably be used in relation to the experience of war. This article argues that individuals could sometimes express the traumatic experience of the war in a way which transcended the personal and could symbolize collective experience and mentalities. To understand the cultural trauma of war, it explains the enthusiasm for war in certain cultures and sections of societies, what occasioned the trauma, and how culture reacted to it.

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20

Gertler, Meric S. Manufacturing Culture. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198233824.001.0001.

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This book presents a new conception of industrial practice and firm behavior. It explains how the cultures that shape the practices of firms and the trajectories of regional and national economies are actually produced. The analysis shows how the internal and inter-firm organization of production, use of technologies, and the industrial knowledge underpinning these practices are strongly influenced by their social and institutional context.

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21

Lee, Bandy X., and Grace Lee. Cultural Issues in Geriatric Forensic Psychiatry. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199374656.003.0029.

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Cultural competence is an essential skill for the geriatric forensic psychiatrist. Much of psychiatry and the law is “culture-bound,” favoring individual-centered analyses over consideration of social and cultural context. While this has worked reasonably well for relatively homogeneous, dominant cultures within Western (i.e., North American or European) societies, it is growing less viable as populations grow more pluralistic with widely variable means of organizing the world and their place in it. Furthermore, not only does culture shape meaning and significance for the individual, it determines the causes, manifestations, and final course of many major psychiatric disorders. Therefore, in order properly to assess a person’s state of mind in competency or criminal responsibility cases, to evaluate the likelihood of restorability, to explain mitigating factors, or to gauge the appropriateness of treatment programs, cultural considerations must come into play. This chapter discusses the elements of cultural competence and its practice, through case vignettes, and how this can translate into choice and resilience for the client, especially the elderly individual.

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22

Rose, David C. Culture as Moral Beliefs. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199330720.003.0003.

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This chapter explains why cultural beliefs—specifically moral beliefs—are more important than cultural practices for building a high-trust society because when trust-producing moral beliefs are well ensconced, trust-producing practices naturally follow. Since it is large-group trust that is the key, our innate moral beliefs, which naturally support small-group trust, are inadequate. What is needed are invented moral beliefs that can support large-group trust and the high-trust society. Two problems must be overcome in large-group contexts: the empathy problem and the greater-good rationalization problem. This chapter explains why overcoming these problems requires that beliefs instantiate moral tastes that function prerationally. It also explains why such beliefs must stress moral restraint over moral advocacy.

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23

Bennett, Jim. 1. Early navigational cultures. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198733713.003.0001.

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Distinct geographies, where areas of sea were demarcated not only by land, but also by climate and current, helped to create different cultures of navigation that for centuries followed individual trajectories. ‘Early navigational cultures’ explains that the sky was one thing that was shared by ancient navigational cultures. It describes the techniques used by seamen in the Mediterranean, Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean, and North Atlantic to register direction and position—the two fundamental variables of navigation. Before the use of a magnetic compass, navigation was also possible using other techniques such as coastal navigation (or pilotage), and a good understanding of tides, currents, swells, and behaviour of seabirds.

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24

Wachtell, Diane, Ava L. Siegler, and Sarah Swong. How do I explain this to my kids?: Parenting in the age of Trump. 2017.

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25

Weiler, Jonathan, and Marc Hetherington. Prius or Pickup?: How the Answers to Four Simple Questions Explain America's Great Divide. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, 2018.

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26

Rose, David C. Why Culture Matters Most. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199330720.001.0001.

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A society’s culture can lock in beliefs and practices that inevitably produce persistent poverty and tyranny. But a society’s culture can also provide a foundation for maximizing general prosperity and freedom to produce mass flourishing. This book explains why culture—not genes, geography, institutions, or policies—is therefore what ultimately explains the differential success of societies. In short, when certain kinds of moral beliefs are culturally transmitted, a society can overcome the most fundamental obstacle to societal success: rational self-interest undermining the common good. General prosperity requires large-group cooperation, and the most effective large-group cooperation requires having a high-trust society. This book explains why the larger a society is, the more difficult it is to sustain a high-trust society. At the same time, the larger societies become, the more likely rational self-interest and tribalism will undermine crucial but highly trust-dependent institutions like democratic voting and a free press. This book shows how culture uniquely addresses this problem by aligning individual interests with the common good when specific kinds of moral beliefs are strongly held by most people. Culture also matters instrumentally because childhood instruction, a hallmark of culture, helps overcome the irrationality of adult individuals choosing to have moral beliefs that they know will limit their ability to promote their own welfare at the expense of the common good in the future. The analysis has surprising implications for the family, religion, government, and the stability of Western free market democracies.

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27

Warnes, Andrew. How the Shopping Cart Explains Global Consumerism. University of California Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520295285.001.0001.

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The book argues that the invention and popularization of the shopping cart from the 1940s onward provided the final link in the chain for the new system of industrialized food flow. First in the United States and then around the world, these carts enabled supermarkets to move their goods even faster off their shelves—in a sense, completing the revolution in mechanized farming, electric refrigeration, and road distribution that had occurred during the 1930s. Yet the cart, a basic machine among modernity’s new systems, also recast the work of food shopping in ways that attracted ambivalence and unease. In urging customers to buy all their groceries at once, it radically accelerated the consumerist experience of self-service, creating a new mode of accelerated shopping on impulse that often felt, ironically, far from “convenient.” Above all, as a host of U.S. cultural responses have suggested, the sheer uniformity of the shopping cart has unsettled the individualistic rhetoric of the supermarket industry. Increasingly omnipresent in online shopping, its basic form, defined as a void waiting to be filled, uncomfortably reveals the parallels that exist between human and nonhuman participants in the modern circuit of food flow.

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28

Ford, Matthew. Technology and Culture. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190623869.003.0002.

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The prevailing assumption for many writers working on technology and change is that victory in war belongs to the masters of military innovation. If armed forces fail to act on this single insight then defeat in battle is all but certain. This chapter will discuss the various frameworks for helping to explain military innovation and conclude that existing top-down and bottom-up models of socio-technical change are insufficient. In its place this chapter outlines a mode of thinking about military innovation that draws on Science and Technology Studies. This in turn creates an opportunity for thinking about how power across the military-industrial complex is distributed.

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29

Hart-Brinson, Peter. The Gay Marriage Generation. NYU Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479800513.001.0001.

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The rapid increase in public support for gay marriage in the United States between 1988 and 2015 is unprecedented in modern polling. How and why did an idea that was once nonsense become a political reality supported by a majority of the population in such a short period of time? This book analyzes historical data, public opinion data, and qualitative interview data to explain the role of generational change in causing the legalization of gay marriage. Despite the evidence of generational change we see all around us, social scientists have struggled to document and explain generational change thoroughly; this has allowed myths and stereotypes about generations to run amok in popular culture. This book corrects this shortcoming and explains America’s cultural revolution in attitudes about gay marriage. It argues that the rapid shift in public support for gay marriage was caused by a change in the social imagination of homosexuality. Americans coming of age during different historical periods developed understandings of homosexuality that were consistent with the cultural common sense of the era, thus making them more or less likely to support gay marriage. The story of gay marriage’s rapid ascent offers profound insights about how the continuous remaking of the population through birth and death, mixed with our shared history and culture and our individual life experiences, produces a society that is continually in flux and constantly reinventing itself anew.

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30

Park, Robert, and S. Brooke Milne. Pre-Dorset Culture. Edited by Max Friesen and Owen Mason. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199766956.013.39.

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This chapter summarizes our current understanding of the widespread and diverse Pre-Dorset culture, known from the central and eastern parts of the Canadian Arctic between 4500 and 2700 B.P. The Pre-Dorset were mobile foragers, moving across the landscape to exploit seasonally available land and sea mammals in different locales, although the extent of their movements varied considerably. The lithic component of their technology has been more intensively studied than the organic component due to differential preservation; it too is characterized by considerable variability. The chapter summarizes the finds from several sites and explores the difficulty in defining Pre-Dorset as a single cohesive entity due both to its history of research and its enormous geographic extent.

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31

author, Weiler Jonathan 1965, ed. Prius or pickup?: How the answers to four simple questions explain America's great divide. 2018.

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32

Shushan, Gregory. Exploring Near-Death Experiences across Cultures. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190872472.003.0001.

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Near-death experiences (NDEs) share many common elements worldwide, indicating that they originate in phenomena that are independent of culture. They also have many elements unique to the individual experiencers and their cultures, demonstrating a symbiotic relationship between experience and belief. There are numerous examples worldwide of religious beliefs originating in NDEs and other extraordinary experiences. This is in contradiction to widely accepted notions that all experiences and beliefs are generated entirely by culture or language. Such paradigms not only fail to explain the origins of religious beliefs or the nature of related experiences but also fail to take seriously the testimonies of their sources. Near-death experiences provide perfectly rational grounds for beliefs that the soul can leave the body, and that it can survive death and join spirits of the dead in another world. As such, the phenomenon helps to demonstrate the cross-cultural process of reasoning based on evidence.

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33

Hardt, Heidi. A Reactive Culture. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190672171.003.0007.

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Chapter 7 explains why NATO’s institutional memory continues to develop in the way that it does – despite formal learning processes being underutilized. Findings in this chapter draw on the author’s survey-based interviews with 120 NATO elites. The chapter begins by arguing that NATO’s organizational culture locks-in elites’ preference for relying on informal processes and avoiding formal processes. Key characteristics of NATO’s culture posed challenges for identifying and reporting strategic errors. The organization’s norm of consensus made formal agreements on past strategic errors difficult. Moreover, NATO’s focus on reaction over retrospection and a broader culture of blame aversion provided elites with little incentive to break the tradition of reliance on informal processes for memory development. Elites described feeling continuous pressure to react to the crisis at hand and treat past crises as unique – leaving little reason to invest in learning from past failures.

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34

Hemmelgarn, Anthony L., and Charles Glisson. Building Cultures and Climates for Effective Human Services. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190455286.001.0001.

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This book explains how organizational culture and climate affect the quality and outcomes of human services and describes the Availability, Responsiveness, and Continuity (ARC) model of organizational effectiveness that the authors developed for improving social service, behavioral health, health care, and other human service organizations. The authors summarize decades of practice and research experience, including organizational improvement efforts, randomized controlled trials, and nationwide studies with hundreds of human services organizations. The book provides a balance between the use of empirical data and applied examples in explaining how human services can be improved. By combining numerous case examples and experiential knowledge with decades of organizational research, readers learn about empirically proven approaches tested in real organizations that are supported with case examples of organizational change. The book explains that creating the organizational social contexts necessary for providing effective services requires three types of organizational strategies. These strategies include organizational tools for identifying and addressing service barriers, principles for aligning organizational priorities to guide improvement, and the development of shared mental models among organizational members to support the principles and tools.

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35

Loewen, G. V. How Can We Explain the Persistence of Irrational Beliefs?: Essays in Social Anthropology. Edwin Mellen Pr, 2006.

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36

Holmes, Robyn M. Cultural Psychology. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199343805.001.0001.

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Cultural psychology draws upon major psychological topics, theories, and principles to illustrate the importance of culture in psychological inquiry. It explores how culture broadly connects to psychological processing across diverse cultural communities and settings, highlighting its application to everyday life events and situations, and presenting culture as a complex medium in which individuals acquire skills, values, and abilities. One central theme is the view of culture as a mental and physical construct that individuals live, experience, share, perform, and learn; a second core theme is how culture shapes growth and development. Culture-specific and cross-cultural examples reveal connections between culture and psychological phenomena. The text is multidisciplinary and presents different perspectives on how culture shapes human phenomena. It provides an introduction to this field; covers the history of cultural psychology, cultural evolution, and cultural ecology; explains methods; and examines language and nonverbal communication, and cognition and perception. Topics investigating social behavior include the self, identity, and personality; social relationships, social attitudes, and intergroup contact in a global world; and social influence, aggression, violence, and war. Topics addressing growth and development include human development and its processes, transitions, and rituals across the life span; and socializing agents, socialization practices, and child activities. Additional topics explore emotion and motivation, mental health and psychopathology, and future directions for cultural psychology. Chapters contain teaching and learning tools, including case studies, multidisciplinary contributions, thought-provoking questions, class and experiential activities, a chapter summary, and additional print and media resources.

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37

McHugh, James. Material Culture and Society. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198702603.003.0035.

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Dharmaśāstric texts contain many references to material objects, and these things often play an important role in activities, prohibitions, penances, and punishments. Legal sources are often our best evidence for aspects of material culture. Studied alongside non-legal materials, we can learn more about the significance of these material objects, and enrich our picture of society more generally. Focusing on the case of the liquor-shop banner, the chapter explains how this sign was probably the only retail sign in ancient India. The sign advertised either the availability of fresh liquor or simply a place where liquor was sold. Communities who drank liquor and those who strictly avoided drink would have viewed it quite differently. Thus, the banner-carrying penitent was transformed into a walking liquor store—a noticeable mobile place to be conspicuously avoided by certain communities.

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Macartney, Huw. The Bank Culture Debate. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198843764.001.0001.

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Following the global financial crisis and repeated scandals, US and UK state managers made substantial efforts to reform the culture of their banking sectors. This book argues though that they focused on an extremely narrow definition of bank culture. They did so for two reasons: firstly, because the structural pressures of financialization—which are a far more important driver of the problematic features of bank culture in Anglo-America—are harder to remedy; but secondly, state managers also used their bank culture response to tackle a legitimacy crisis facing their institutions of government. In so doing they abdicated responsibility for the real problems—of inequality and instability—associated with their respective financial systems. Drawing on interviews with over 150 bankers this book explains the strategies employed by state managers before then examining what has and has not changed in the culture of banking in the US and UK.

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39

Japan's Cultural Code Words: 233 Key Terms That Explain the Attitudes and Behavior of the Japanese. Tuttle Publishing, 2004.

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40

Bickford, Tyler. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190654146.003.0007.

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The conclusion advocates for understanding music in terms of interpersonal relationships as much or more than as repertoires of texts with their own cultural meanings. Music should be considered in terms of Bourdieu’s concept of “social capital” in addition to “cultural capital” as it is normally conceived. Children’s in-school media use does not involve the intrusion of foreign consumer culture into education, but rather historically and culturally grounded traditions of peer-cultural solidarity provide a context into which entertainment media practices fit naturally. A seeming opposition between education and consumer culture is in fact a constitutive dialectic, which helps explain the politicization of children’s peer cultural practices in school. Consumer culture represents the extension of dynamics from school into the wider public sphere. The invasion of these practices into schools is only a natural return to original fields of conflict between children and adults.

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41

Jin, Dal Yong. Conclusion. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039973.003.0009.

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This chapter first summarizes the major characteristics of the New Korean Wave. It then considers whether we need to develop non-Western media theories to explain the rapid growth of local popular culture in the global markets or whether we have to apply and utilize current forms of these theories. It also discusses what we have to keep in mind in further studies on the Hallyu phenomenon in the midst of globalization, which will be a good case study for several other emerging local markets. It argues that producers in the Korean cultural industries need to develop the unique culture through the hybridization process. The Korean government and cultural industry corporations also play a key role in developing cultural policies and cultural products. By doing so, Korea will be able to make a compelling case for the growth of local popular culture and digital technologies in the global markets.

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42

Humle, Tatyana. Material Culture in Primates. Edited by Dan Hicks and Mary C. Beaudry. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199218714.013.0017.

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This article focuses on the idea of material culture in primates. The ascription of culture to non-human animals has been controversial and a source of much debate. Much of this debate hinges on the definition of culture. This article cites the classic definition by Tylor which says that culture as ‘that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society’. The term ‘culture’ was first used in relation to non-human primates by Kummer. This article explains elementary technology among primates which concerns predominantly subsistence behaviours, expressed in, often complex, foraging techniques. Elementary technology among wild primates is typically based on natural materials, whether vegetation or non-organic matter. The various processes involved in the transmission of material culture are explained in detail. An in-depth analysis of the conditions of material culture followed by a study of culture among primates concludes this article.

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43

Cummings, Dede. Good Living Guide to Beekeeping: Secrets of the Hive, Stories from the Field, and a Practical Guide That Explains It All. Skyhorse Publishing Company, Incorporated, 2016.

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44

Webber, Jonathan. Sedimentation and the Grounds of Cultural Values. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198735908.003.0007.

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This chapter argues that Jean-Paul Sartre abandoned his theory of radical freedom in favour of adopting Simone de Beauvoir’s theory of project sedimentation between the publication of his essay on anti-Semitism and Jewish culture in 1946 and the publication of his preface to an anthology of Negritude poetry in 1948, though the clearest expression of his new position is his biography of Genet published in 1952. It argues that the reason for this change is his realization that the theory of radical freedom precludes any satisfactory cultural theory. The attempt to analyse Jewish culture as a response to anti-Semitism requires postulating an existing culture of inauthenticity, which itself is a cultural phenomenon that stands in need of explanation but cannot have one. Beauvoir’s theory of project sedimentation, by contrast, easily explains the adoption, expression, and transmission of cultural values.

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45

Grem, Darren E., Ted Ownby, and James G. ,. Jr Thomas, eds. Southern Religion, Southern Culture. University Press of Mississippi, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496820471.001.0001.

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Over more than three decades of teaching at the University of Mississippi, Charles Reagan Wilson's research and writing transformed southern studies in key ways. This book pays tribute to, and extends, Wilson's seminal work on southern religion and culture. Using certain episodes and moments in southern religious history, the chapters examine the place and power of religion in southern communities and society. It emulates Wilson's model, featuring both majority and minority voices from archives and applying a variety of methods to explain the South's religious diversity and how religion mattered in many arenas of private and public life, often with life-or-death stakes. The book first concentrates on churches and ministers, and then considers religious and cultural constructions outside formal religious bodies and institutions. It examines the faiths expressed via the region's fields, streets, homes, public squares, recreational venues, roadsides, and stages. In doing so, the book shows that Wilson's groundbreaking work on religion is an essential part of southern studies and crucial for fostering deeper understanding of the South's complicated history and culture.

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46

Wilson, Scott, writer of forward, ed. The good living guide to beekeeping: Secrets of the hive, stories from the field, and a practical guide that explains it all. 2016.

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47

Talhelm, Thomas, and Shigehiro Oishi. How Rice Farming Shaped Culture in Southern China. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190492908.003.0003.

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We present a detailed theory linking southern China’s history of rice farming to its modern-day culture. It explains how rice was farmed traditionally, what makes it different from other major staple crops, and why these differences could shape culture. Next, the chapter reviews empirical evidence that people who have grown up in the rice areas of China have different relationship styles and thought styles from people in the wheat areas. It also discusses why the rice theory is not ecological determinism—rice does not automatically lead to collectivism. Finally, it asks whether modernization is signaling the death of rice culture or whether cultures rooted in historical subsistence style can persist even after less than 2% of the population actually farms for a living.

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48

Faucher, Luc, and Pierre Poirier. Mother Culture, Meet Mother Nature. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199367511.003.0017.

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Research on the adaptive characteristics of the human immune system reveals that evolutionary algorithms are not strictly matters of replication. And research in genomics suggests that there is no a single source of evolutionary information that carries the same content in every environment. A plausible theory of cultural evolution must acknowledge the possibility that multiple selective algorithms are operating at different time-scales, on different units of selection, with different logical structures; but it must explain how different selective processes are interfaced to yield culturally stable phenomena. This paper advances an empirically plausible approach to memetics that recognizes a wider variety of evolutionary algorithms; and it advances a pluralistic approach to cultural change. Finally, it shows that multiple forms of processing, operating at different timescales, on different units of selection, collectively sustain the human capacity to form and use certain types of representations.

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49

The Triple Package: How Three Unlikely Traits Explain the Rise and Fall of Cultural Groups in America. Penguin Books, 2015.

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50

1959-, Rubenfeld Jed, ed. The triple package: How three unlikely traits explain the rise and fall of cultural groups in America. The Penguin Press, 2014.

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