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1
Weiss, Mitchell G., D. R. Doongaji, S. Siddhartha, David Wypij, S. Pathare, M. Bhatawdekar, A. Bhave, A. Sheth, and R. Fernandes. "The Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue (EMIC)." British Journal of Psychiatry 160, no. 6 (June 1992): 819–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.160.6.819.
Анотація:
The Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue (EMIC) has been developed to elicit illness-related perceptions, beliefs, and practices in a cultural study of leprosy and mental health in Bombay. Leprosy is an especially appropriate disorder for studying the inter-relationship of culture, mental health and medical illness because of deeply rooted cultural meanings, the emotional burden, and underuse of effective therapy. Fifty per cent of 56 recently diagnosed leprosy out-patients, 37% of 19 controls with another stigmatised dermatological condition (vitiligo), but only 8% of 12 controls with a comparable non-stigmatised condition (tinea versicolor) met DSM–III–R criteria for an axis I depressive, anxiety or somatoform disorder. Belief in a humoral (traditional) cause of illness predicted better attendance at clinic.
2
Stanley, Jason, and John B. Min. "Interview." Democratic Theory 5, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/dt.2018.050106.
Анотація:
Stanley and Min discuss how propaganda works in liberal democratic societies. Stanley observes that the inability to address the crisis of liberal democracies can be partially explained by contemporary political philosophy’s penchant for idealized theorizing about norms of justice over transitions from injustice to justice. Whereas ancient and modern political philosophers took seriously propaganda and demagoguery of the elites and populists, contemporary political philosophers have tended to theorize about the idealized structures of justice. This leads to a lack of theoretical constructs and explanatory tools by which we can theorize about real-life political problems, such as mass incarceration. Starting with this premise, Stanley provides an explanation of how propaganda works and the mechanisms that enable propaganda. Stanley further theorizes the pernicious effects that elitism, populism, authoritarianism, and “post-truth” have on democratic politics.
3
Stonbraker, Samantha, Gabriella Sanabria, Silvia Cunto-Amesty, Carmela Alcántara, Ana F. Abraído-Lanza, Tawandra Rowell-Cunsolo, Mina Halpern, Suzanne Bakken, Rebecca Schnall, and Maureen George. "“If They Give Their Mind to HIV, They Don’t Last as Long”: An Explanatory Model of HIV Infection in a Limited-Resource Setting Informs Person-Centered Care." Global Qualitative Nursing Research 9 (January 2022): 233339362210971. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23333936221097112.
Анотація:
Explanatory models describe individuals’ perceptions of their illness experiences, which can guide culturally relevant care. We constructed an explanatory model of the experience of living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the Dominican Republic. Following qualitative descriptive methodology, we conducted interviews in Spanish using a semi-structured interview guide developed using Kleinman’s explanatory model framework. Two bilingual researchers coded interview transcripts following conventional content analysis. We used deductive codes from Kleinman’s framework and inductive codes external to the framework to construct the codebook. We arranged codes by shared meaning into categories and constructed themes that reflected shared findings from inductive categories and deductive codes. Twenty-six persons living with HIV participated. They provided rich descriptions of their experiences represented by four cross-cutting themes, which informed the explanatory model. By incorporating this in-depth understanding of patients’ illness experiences into care delivery, nurses can cultivate culturally meaningful and trusting patient-centered partnerships that improve health.
4
LLOYD, K. R., K. S. JACOB, V. PATEL, L. St. LOUIS, D. BHUGRA, and A. H. MANN. "The development of the Short Explanatory Model Interview (SEMI) and its use among primary-care attenders with common mental disorders." Psychological Medicine 28, no. 5 (September 1998): 1231–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291798007065.
Анотація:
Background. Recent anthropological studies have documented the importance of understanding the relation of culture to the experience of mental illness. The use of interviews that elicit explanatory models has facilitated such research, but currently available interviews are lengthy and impractical for epidemiological studies. This paper is a preliminary report on the development of a brief instrument to elicit explanatory models for use in field work.Method. The development of the SEMI, a short interview to elicit explanatory models is described. The interview explores the subject's cultural background, nature of presenting problem, help-seeking behaviour, interaction with physician/healer and beliefs related to mental illness.Results. The SEMI was employed to study the explanatory models of subjects with common mental disorders among Whites, African-Caribbean and Asians living in London and was also used in Harare, Zimbabwe. Data from its use in four different ethnic groups is presented with the aim of demonstrating its capacity to show up differences in these varied settings.Conclusions. The simplicity and brevity of the SEMI allow for its use in field studies in different cultures, data can be used to provide variables for use in quantitative analysis and provide qualitative descriptions.
5
Subudhi, Chittaranjan. "The use of explanatory model interview catalog in mental illness research." Journal of Integrated Health Sciences 7, no. 2 (2019): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jihs.jihs_14_19.
6
Weiss, Mitchell. "Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue (EMIC): Framework for Comparative Study of Illness." Transcultural Psychiatry 34, no. 2 (June 1997): 235–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/136346159703400204.
7
Weiss, Mitchell. "The Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue (EMIC) for Cultural Study of Illness Experience." European Psychiatry 12, S2 (1997): 136s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(97)80361-6.
8
Draucker, Claire Burke, Susan M. Rawl, Emilee Vode, and Lisa Carter-Harris. "Integration Through Connecting in Explanatory Sequential Mixed Method Studies." Western Journal of Nursing Research 42, no. 12 (May 9, 2020): 1137–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193945920914647.
Анотація:
The purposes of this methods article are to (a) discuss how integration can occur through a connecting approach in explanatory sequential mixed methods studies, (b) describe a connecting strategy developed for a study testing a conceptual model to predict lung cancer screening, and (c) describe three analytic products developed by subsequent integration procedures enabled by the connecting strategy. Connecting occurs when numeric data from a quantitative strand of a study are used to select a sample to be interviewed for a subsequent qualitative strand. Because researchers often do not fully exploit numeric data for this purpose, we developed a multi-step systematic sampling strategy that produced an interview sample of eight subgroups of five persons ( n = 40) whose profiles converged with or diverged from the conceptual model in specified ways. The subgroups facilitated the development of tailored interview guides, in-depth narrative summaries, and exemplar case studies to expand the quantitative findings.
9
Das, S., B. Saravanan, K. P. Karunakaran, S. Manoranjitham, P. Ezhilarasu, and K. S. Jacob. "Effect of a structured educational intervention on explanatory models of relatives of patients with schizophrenia." British Journal of Psychiatry 188, no. 3 (March 2006): 286–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.104.007245.
Анотація:
SummaryWe examined the effect of a structured educational programme on explanatory models of illness among the relatives of people with schizophrenia, in a randomised controlled trial. Participants were assessed at baseline (n=100) and after 2 weeks (n=75) using a vignette from the Short Explanatory Model Interview. There was a reduction in non-biomedical causal explanatory models at follow-up among those who had completed the structured educational programme compared with the control group. There was no significant difference in non-biomedical treatment explanatory models between the two groups.
10
Cornelia, Cornelia, Ikhsanudin Ikhsanudin, Surmiyati Surmiyati, Rahayu Apriliaswati, and Yanti Sri Rezeki. "DESIGNING SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS FOR TEACHING-LEARNING OF WRITING EXPLANATORY TEXT BASED ON A GENRE-BASED APPROACH." Premise: Journal of English Education 12, no. 1 (February 28, 2023): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.24127/pj.v12i1.6141.
Анотація:
Writing an explanatory text following the advanced contents in the textbook may be arduous for rural students. Territory differences remarkably denote that students' needs for topics in the explanatory text are also distinct. Therefore, the exposure topics must be by the students' conditions. This study aimed to design supplementary materials as an e-book based on the genre-based approach for students' learning of writing explanatory text with closely-related topics. The students were the eleventh graders of SMAN 01 Seponti at Kayong Utara regency. This study employed research and development (R&D) with the procedure of the ADDIE concept (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, Evaluate). The data collection employed instruments, field notes, interview protocol, documenting notes, and questionnaires. We collected the data through observation, interview, document analysis, and questionnaire distribution. The data were analyzed using fieldnote reflection, interview transcription, textbook analysis results, and the rating scale interpretation. The need analysis results show that the textbook used by the teacher to teach writing the explanatory text was not in line with the student's condition. After the e-book was entirely developed, the internal evaluation was inquired. It resulted in the 'very good' category for its general appearance, layout and design, methodology, activities, language skills, language content, topic content, teachability and flexibility, and assessment, with percentages of 93,33%, 93,33%, 93,33%, 86,67%, 93,33%, 93,33%, 93,33%, 86,67%, 80%, respectively. The study implies that the product is feasible, and this study may add insights for future research.
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Buus, Niels, Helle Johannessen, and Kurt Bjerregaard Stage. "Explanatory models of depression and treatment adherence to antidepressant medication: A qualitative interview study." International Journal of Nursing Studies 49, no. 10 (October 2012): 1220–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.04.012.
12
Weiss, Mitchell G., R. Raguram, and S. M. Channabasavanna. "Cultural Dimensions of Psychiatric Diagnosis." British Journal of Psychiatry 166, no. 3 (March 1995): 353–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.166.3.353.
Анотація:
BackgroundCross-cultural research to examine the cultural validity of diagnostic categories and underlying concepts requires methods that integrate epidemiological and anthropological frameworks.MethodThe Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue (EMIC) and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM–III–R (SCID) were used to study 80 psychiatric out-patients with depressive neurosis at a clinic in south India.ResultsSummarykappa values of 0.75 for the EMIC and 0.68 for the SCID confirmed inter-rater reliability. Comparison of patient explanatory models and SCID diagnoses showed that patients emphasised somatic experience while clinicians emphasised depressive diagnoses. More than half the patients (55%) received a non-specific or dual diagnosis.ConclusionsThese findings raise questions about the distinctiveness of depressive, anxiety, and somatoform (DAS) disorders for this population.
13
Shmeleva, Tatyana V. "Explanatory construction in the media language." Media Linguistics 7, no. 4 (2020): 384–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2020.401.
Анотація:
The article considers the problem of functioning in the language of the media of the Russian explanatory structure. The study is based on the results of studying explanatory sentences in Russian syntactic science, which is reflected in the article as a brief history of their study. The study is based on observations of explanatory constructions in the language of various modern media presented on the Internet. As a starting point, it is argued that in order to solve a problem in a media text, it is necessary to distinguish between the text itself and the paratext, as well as the author’s beginning of the text. The study revealed that the explanatory structure acts as the headings of news texts, subheadings of author columns and interview leads. At the same time, news texts found a special type of speech news, the heading of which is an explanatory structure, and the author’s beginning is mainly verbs of speech. The most significant grammatical result is that the media language not only uses the entire repertoire of explanatory constructions known to the literary language, but also forms a number of spe cial constructions based on the reduction of various elements of the modus proposition and even its whole: these are constructions with a omitted modus predicate of the type “Author about the problem”, “author: replica”, as well as a predicative deliberation with interrogative pronouns like who, where, why, what, it is increasingly used as a heading in a number of pub lications. All these reduced constructions meet the conditions of media communication and genre differentiation of media texts. In addition, it has been shown that important textual and grammatical characteristics of the media text are set in the paratext.
14
Chieng, You Eng, and Choon Keong Tan. "A Sequential Explanatory Investigation of TPACK: Malaysian Science Teachers‟ Survey and Perspective." International Journal of Information and Education Technology 11, no. 5 (2021): 235–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijiet.2021.11.5.1517.
Анотація:
Like several other countries, Malaysia sees information and communications technology (ICT) as a potential tool for improving education quality. However, there is a shortage research examining the knowledge of Malaysia secondary school teachers in science ICT integration. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the secondary science teachers of Malaysia at exploring their perceptions of ICT integration regarding Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK), which focused on quantitative findings supported by qualitative findings. This sequential explanatory approach aims to examine the views of science teachers regarding technology integration with respect to TPACK. The study included 219 survey respondents and 3 interview participants. For the quantitative data analysis, descriptive statistics and multiple regression were used, while a thematic method was performed for the qualitative data analysis. The results indicate that the understanding of science teachers regarding their technology-based knowledge is lower than that of non-technology awareness, both pedagogical and content awareness. Furthermore, interview results show about the technology integration related to TPACK, namely, type of ICT used, pedagogy of teaching, content knowledge and the purpose of ICT integration. The results address implications for professional development and programme accreditation for the secondary school science teachers.
15
Bascones, Gabriel Y., Ananias N. Yunzal, Jr., and Leomarich F. Casinillo. "Exploring Contextual Factors Affecting Student Performance in Mathematics: A Sequential Explanatory Research." Canadian Journal of Family and Youth / Le Journal Canadien de Famille et de la Jeunesse 16, no. 3 (April 27, 2024): 210–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/cjfy30045.
Анотація:
This study aimed to explore and characterize the contextual factors that affect academic performance in learning mathematics among high school students. The study employed an explanatory sequential mixed method research design, and primary data were collected with the aid of the adopted questionnaire for quantitative data, and the interview was done for qualitative data. The study used descriptive and inferential statistical methods in analyzing and interpreting the gathered data. In addition, qualitative data were analyzed through a thematic analysis approach. Results showed that the performance of students in mathematics is influenced by different factors such as students' attitudes towards mathematics, self-efficacy, parental support, and the learning environment. In addition, a thematized interview with the students supports the quantitative analysis that their performance in mathematics was governed by the said factors. Conclusively, students must be supported in their learning by providing doable tasks and exciting problems in mathematics to boost their attitude and self-efficacy. Parents are also advised to give them the appropriate support to motivate them in their studies. Moreover, teachers must integrate welfare and positive attitudes towards students to have a conducive learning experience.
16
Kharisma, Annisa, Tatat Hartati, Vismaia S. Damaianti, Muhammad Solehuddin, and Chandra Chandra. "Self Regulated Development Learning Model Based on Local Culture to Improve Elementary School Students’ Explanatory Writing Skills." Journal of Curriculum and Teaching 11, no. 8 (November 8, 2022): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jct.v11n8p196.
Анотація:
This study aims to develop a learning model to improve elementary school students' explanatory writing skills. This development research used the Plomp model (preliminary research, prototyping phase, and assessment). Data collection techniques were carried out by interview, observation, and documentation study. The data collection tool employed was a written test sheet for students’ explanatory writing skills. After conducting a needs analysis, it was found that the explanatory writing material is new in elementary school. Thus, the students' explanatory writing skills in this study were very low. The teacher then needed a model focusing on the students' development in explanatory writing skills. This research, therefore, produced a learning model of self-regulated strategy development based on local culture to improve the explanatory writing skills of elementary school students. This model can motivate and increase students’ confidence in writing by choosing several strategies provided and measuring, analyzing, and activating early abilities, thereby increasing students’ content knowledge. The results also revealed an increase in students’ explanatory writing skills. Moreover, this special model pays attention to how to write explanatory in elementary school. Further, this model cannot only be used in elementary schools but can also be used at higher school levels. Therefore, future researchers are advised to conduct research by testing the effectiveness of learning models with similar themes at higher school levels.
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Ramsey, Shirley A. "Science Interviews: Asymmetric or Symmetric." Journal of Technical Writing and Communication 19, no. 2 (April 1989): 181–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/dxp6-1pkf-181q-qqwm.
Анотація:
Findings from a matched study of science writers and their scientist sources seem to portray two basic approaches to the science interview: 1) an asymmetric, carefully controlled interview that produces an overview or “wrap-up” of scientific inquiry within the context of an article generally known as interpretive or explanatory, written for readers of publications such as The New York Times, the Boston Globe, Wall Street Journal, the Chronicle of Higher Education, or Popular Science; and, 2) a symmetric, intense, less controlled interview situation that produces more technical articles of greater depth and breadth, perhaps of one scientist's research or of an important era in a scientific domain, written for readers of publications such as New Yorker, Psychology Today, Science, and Discover. The first type of interview emphasizes two language principles—singularity and parsimony—through use of items on a questionnaire representing tight organization, precise wording, unity, and others; the second type of interview emphasizes two other language principles—redundancy and complexity—through use of items such as clarification, figures of speech, and others. “Understanding” as an item was more highly correlated with use of figures of speech and other items represented in the second type of interview.
18
Mathews, Manila, Poornima Bhola, Hesi Herbert, and Santosh K. Chaturvedi. "Explanatory models of mental illness among family caregivers of persons in psychiatric rehabilitation services: A pilot study." International Journal of Social Psychiatry 65, no. 7-8 (August 6, 2019): 589–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020764019866228.
Анотація:
Background: Understanding the explanatory models of family caregivers is particularly important in interdependent contexts like India, where they often play a significant role in the help-seeking behaviours, treatment decision-making and long-term care of those diagnosed with mental illness. Aims: This study was planned to explore the diversity of explanatory models among family caregivers at a centre for recovery-oriented rehabilitation services in South India. Methods: The sample for this study included 60 family caregivers of patients referred to Psychiatric Rehabilitation Services within a tertiary-care hospital for mental health and neurosciences. Bart’s Explanatory Model Inventory, including a semi-structured interview and a checklist, assessed the family caregivers’ explanatory model of distress on five domains: identity, cause, timeline, consequences and control/cure/treatment. Results: The results indicated the coexistence of multiple causal explanatory models including psychosocial, supernatural, situational and behavioural contributors. While 36.7% of the caregivers displayed two explanatory models, 33.3% of the caregivers held three explanatory models and 16.6% of the caregivers endorsed four explanatory models. Caregivers shared their concerns about varied consequences of mental illness but less than half of them were aware of the name of the psychiatric disorder. While they accessed various forms of treatments and adjunctive supports such as prayer, medication was the most frequently used treatment method. Conclusions: The findings have implications for collaborative goal setting in recovery-oriented services for persons with mental illness and their families.
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Putri, Stephanie Priyanto, Hendi Pratama, and Sri Wuli Fitriati. "Explanatory Study of Student-Teacher Interactions, Students’ Academic Motivation, and Teacher’s Motivation in English Classes." Celt: A Journal of Culture, English Language Teaching & Literature 23, no. 2 (October 27, 2023): 201–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24167/celt.v23i2.10524.
Анотація:
This study aims to determine the relationship between student-teacher interaction, students' academic motivation, and the teacher's motivation in the eighth-grade English classroom. Quantitative and qualitative data on student-teacher interaction and academic motivation in English learning were collected using a questionnaire, observation, and interview. 137 eighth-grade students at Semarang's Karangturi junior high school in the academic year 2022-2023 were the subjects of this study. Using an observation sheet from Ottevanger (2001), it was determined to see to what extent the teacher uses student-teacher interaction to increase students' and teachers' academic motivation. A final interview is conducted with the English teacher to determine her perception of student-teacher interaction. The results demonstrate a correlation between student-teacher interaction and students’ academic motivation in English classes. The instructor utilizes these interactions by posing questions and issuing directives. Moreover, the instructor concurred that student-teacher interactions are highly beneficial for both students and instructors.
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Burns, John Lee, Judy Wawira Gichoya, Marc D. Kohli, Josette Jones, and Saptarshi Purkayastha. "Theory of radiologist interaction with instant messaging decision support tools: A sequential-explanatory study." PLOS Digital Health 3, no. 2 (February 26, 2024): e0000297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pdig.0000297.
Анотація:
Radiology specific clinical decision support systems (CDSS) and artificial intelligence are poorly integrated into the radiologist workflow. Current research and development efforts of radiology CDSS focus on 4 main interventions, based around exam centric time points–after image acquisition, intra-report support, post-report analysis, and radiology workflow adjacent. We review the literature surrounding CDSS tools in these time points, requirements for CDSS workflow augmentation, and technologies that support clinician to computer workflow augmentation. We develop a theory of radiologist-decision tool interaction using a sequential explanatory study design. The study consists of 2 phases, the first a quantitative survey and the second a qualitative interview study. The phase 1 survey identifies differences between average users and radiologist users in software interventions using the User Acceptance of Information Technology: Toward a Unified View (UTAUT) framework. Phase 2 semi-structured interviews provide narratives on why these differences are found. To build this theory, we propose a novel solution called Radibot—a conversational agent capable of engaging clinicians with CDSS as an assistant using existing instant messaging systems supporting hospital communications. This work contributes an understanding of how radiologist-users differ from the average user and can be utilized by software developers to increase satisfaction of CDSS tools within radiology.
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Woolley, Jacqueline D., and Jean A. Dunham. "Children’s Beliefs about Miracles." Journal of Cognition and Culture 17, no. 1-2 (February 8, 2017): 73–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685373-12342192.
Анотація:
The goal of the present study was to assess the nature and development of children’s concepts of miracles — their understanding of what miracles are, their beliefs in miracles, and their use of miracles as an explanatory device. A total of 36 7–12-year-old children attending an Episcopal school were given a combination of tasks and structured interview questions. Parents filled out a family religiosity questionnaire. Results revealed multi-faceted conceptions of miracles, along with a high level of belief, and indicated that children considered miracles an effective explanatory construct. We apply these findings to the general question of how children learn to explain their world.
22
Muhaimin, Muhaimin, Akhmad Habibi, Amirul Mukminin, Ferdiaz Saudagar, Robin Pratama, Sri Wahyuni, Ali Sadikin, and Boy Indrayana. "A sequential explanatory investigation of TPACK: Indonesian science teachers’ survey and perspective." Journal of Technology and Science Education 9, no. 3 (May 6, 2019): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.3926/jotse.662.
Анотація:
This sequential explanatory design aims at exploring science teachers’ survey and perceptions of technology integration regarding to technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) which focused on quantitative findings supported by qualitative findings. It involved 356 respondents for the survey and eight participants for the interview. Descriptive statistics, T-test and Anova were used in quantitative data analysis while for qualitative data analysis, thematic process was conducted. Findings show that the science teachers’ perception on their technological-based knowledge is lower than non-technological knowledge namely pedagogical and content knowledge. Further, qualitative findings informed in-depth information about technology integration referred to TPACK namely problems in technology integration, advantages of technology integration, students centered learning, knowledge of new technology and its classroom integration, and peer collaboration. Policy recommendation was established for betterment of ICT integration in instruction especially for developing countries.
23
Ölmezer Öztürk, Elçin, and Gökhan Öztürk. "Reducing speaking anxiety in EFL classrooms: An explanatory mixed-methods study." Porta Linguarum Revista Interuniversitaria de Didáctica de las Lenguas Extranjeras, no. 36 (June 21, 2021): 249–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.30827/portalin.v0i36.18018.
Анотація:
This study outlines the impact of a process enriched with mini-speeches, presentations, and scaffolded feedback on EFL learners’ foreign language speaking anxiety. The participants included 52 university freshman students and the data were collected during an oral 14-week communication course. For quantitative data, the foreign language speaking anxiety scale (FLSAS) was administered as pre and post tests and the qualitative data included reflection reports and a focus group interview at the end of the semester. The data derived from the scale were analyzed through a paired-sample t-test and the qualitative data were analyzed using a content analysis scheme. The findings revealed a significant impact of the aforementioned activities, leading to around thirty percent reduction in participants’ EFL speaking anxiety. Highlighting the effectiveness of feedback sessions, the participants suggested that the major gains of this process were a) increased self-confidence, b) increased opportunities to speak, and c) learning from their own mistakes, all of which helped them become less anxious learners. In line with these findings, the study offers several suggestions for both practitioners and research purposes.
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Mukumbang, Ferdinand C., Bruno Marchal, Sara Van Belle, and Brian van Wyk. "Using the realist interview approach to maintain theoretical awareness in realist studies." Qualitative Research 20, no. 4 (October 23, 2019): 485–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468794119881985.
Анотація:
Realist evaluation submits that theories and models of how, why, for whom and under what circumstances programs work could be formulated by conceptualizing the relational links between the context within which programs are implemented, the generative mechanisms the programs trigger, and the outcomes of interest. Qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis allow for the description of the relevant context, the generative mechanisms, and the emergent outcomes of programs and provide explanatory power to link these elements. The ‘realist interviewing technique’, whereby interviewees comment on a suggested ‘program theory’ to provide refinement, is proposed as a distinctive approach for conducting interviews in a realist-informed inquiry. However, the application of this interviewing strategy within the realist evaluation studies is underutilized. In this study, we demonstrate how the realist interview technique reinforces and maintains theoretical awareness and contributes to trustworthiness through three theory-building phases: theory gleaning, theory refining, and theory consolidation.
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Barclay, Jenni, Richie Robertson, and M. Teresa Armijos. "Scientists as storytellers: the explanatory power of stories told about environmental crises." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 23, no. 11 (November 28, 2023): 3603–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3603-2023.
Анотація:
Abstract. This paper examines how storytelling functions to share and to shape knowledge, particularly when scientific knowledge is uncertain because of rapid environmental change. Narratives or stories are the descriptive sequencing of events to make a point. In comparison with scientific deduction, the point (plot) of a story can be either implicit or explicit, and causal links between events in the story are interpretative, rendering narrative a looser inferential framework. We explore how storytelling (the process) and stories (or narratives) involving scientists can make sense of environmental crises, where conditions change rapidly and natural, social, and scientific systems collide. We use the example of the Soufrière Hills volcanic eruption (Montserrat) and scientists' experiences of the events during that time. We used 37 stories gathered from seven semi-structured interviews and one group interview (five scientists). We wanted to understand whether these stories generate or highlight knowledge and information that do not necessarily appear in more conventional scientific literature produced in relation to environmental crisis and how that knowledge explicitly or implicitly shapes future actions and views. Through our analysis of the value these stories bring to volcanic risk reduction, we argue that scientists create and transmit important knowledge about risk reduction through the stories they tell one another. In our example storytelling and stories are used in several ways: (1) evidencing the value of robust long-term monitoring strategies during crises, (2) exploring the current limits of scientific rationality and the role of instinct in a crisis, and (3) the examination of the interactions and outcomes of wide-ranging drivers of population risk. More broadly these stories allowed for the emotional intensity of these experiences to be acknowledged and discussed; the actions and outcomes of the storytelling are important. This is not about the “story” of research findings but the sharing of experience and important knowledge about how to manage and cope with volcanic crises. We suggest that storytelling frameworks could be better harnessed in both volcanic and other contexts
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Zheng, Binghan, and Mingqing Xie. "The effect of explanatory captions on the reception of foreign audiovisual products." Translation, Cognition & Behavior 1, no. 1 (March 2, 2018): 119–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tcb.00006.zhe.
Анотація:
Abstract The present research triangulates questionnaire, retrospective interview and eyetracking data, aiming to investigate how Explanatory Captions (ECs) are received by different viewers with varied educational backgrounds, and whether or not the presence of ECs improves their understanding of the AV content. The results show that the provision of ECs, for a subtitled video in a foreign language, greatly increased positive cognitive effects on the viewers. Viewers tend to reduce time spent on viewing images, but invest additional processing effort on the ECs, although their allocation of processing effort on subtitles experienced little change. Furthermore, the eyetracking data suggest that most participants adopted a fixed reading pattern on subtitles and ECs when they appeared simultaneously, which could balance some of the negative impact of ECs on their viewing experience. The findings gained through this experimental research will provide some guidance and suggestions for subtitlers when preparing subtitles and ECs.
27
Celik, Suleyman. "The intervention of online teaching practicum to teachers’ sense of self-efficacy." Revista Amazonia Investiga 10, no. 37 (March 8, 2021): 190–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2021.37.01.19.
Анотація:
The purpose of this explanatory mixed method study was to investigate the effect of Online Based (OB) and Field Based (FB) teaching practicum experience on student teacher (ST)s’ sense of self efficacy levels in instructional strategies, student engagement and classroom management within the Faculty of Education at a private university in Erbil, Iraq. An explanatory mixed method was designed with two treatment groups. Both groups were administrated the Teacher Sense of Self-Efficacy Scale (TSES) theorized by Tschannen-Moran and Hoy (1998) . Since the results of the survey was different from what is being expected, a semi structured interview was held with a ST from each department. Results from the t-test demonstrated that the OB group (OBG) students demonstrated a very high-level sense of self-efficacy in terms of instructional strategies, student engagement and classroom management. However, after the interview it was figured out that the FB group (FBG) students improved their self-efficacy in the authentic school environment. This study demonstrated the importance of continuous, appropriate and authentic challenges in eventually establishing a stable sense of self-efficacy among student teachers.
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Liem, Andrian. "Interview schedule development for a Sequential explanatory mixed method design: complementary-alternative medicine (CAM) study among Indonesian psychologists." International Journal of Social Research Methodology 21, no. 4 (February 6, 2018): 513–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13645579.2018.1434864.
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Richter, Kenneth, Patricia Marie Anne Houde, and Krisztina Zimányi. "The Repertory Grid Interview: Exploring Qualitative and Quantitative Data on Language Teachers’ Pedagogical Beliefs." Profile: Issues in Teachers' Professional Development 24, no. 2 (July 27, 2022): 215–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/profile.v24n2.95749.
Анотація:
This article focuses on the use of the repertory grid technique as a research instrument for conducting and analyzing interviews in the field of teaching English as a foreign language. As a demonstration of the explanatory usefulness of this methodological framework, a pilot study was carried out to elicit second language teachers’ tacit beliefs concerning cultural perceptions of good language teaching. Repertory grid interviews were conducted with nine teachers at a public university in central Mexico. The data from each group were compared to uncover possible cultural influences on participants’ beliefs. It is hoped that this overview of the method encourages an interest in repertory grid interviews and their analytic techniques in the field of applied linguistics and in English as a foreign language teaching in particular.
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Ningsih, Putu Sri Suci, Made Hery Santosa, and I. Putu Indra Kusuma. "EFL High School Students’ Satisfaction in Online Learning and Expectations Towards Blended Learning: An Investigation." Elsya : Journal of English Language Studies 5, no. 2 (June 23, 2023): 204–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/elsya.v5i2.13148.
Анотація:
This study aims to identify students' satisfaction with online learning and their expectations of blended learning in the post-pandemic era in a senior high public school in North Bali, Indonesia. The research employed an explanatory sequential mixed-method design using questionnaires and interviews, to gather data from 179 grade 12 senior high school students. The questionnaire and interview guide were validated with face, content, empirical validity, and reliability. The interview session involved 5 students with high satisfaction scores and 5 students with low satisfaction scores from the result of the questionnaire. The results showed that students had a mode score of 4, indicating students feel satisfied with online learning during COVID-19. Based on the four factors, the result of students’ satisfaction in online learning such as the teacher factor having neutral scores, the interaction factor having satisfied scores, the technology factor having satisfied scores, and the course management factor having satisfied scores. The interview session shows that students expressed their expectations for direct interaction with teachers and classmates and had expectations for factors, such as teaching methods, ease of materials, direct communication with teachers, interaction with classmates, technology use, and variety in learning resources. This research provides insights for teachers to improve student satisfaction with online learning and blended learning practices.
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Sami, Abdus, and Muhammad Nafik HR. "Dampak Shadaqah Pada Keberlangsungan Usaha (Studi Kasus: Testimoni 4 Pengusaha Muslim di Surabaya)." Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan 1, no. 3 (December 2, 2015): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/vol1iss20143pp205-220.
Анотація:
This study aims to identify and explain the impact on business continuity shadaqah Muslim businessmen in Surabaya. It is the basis for explaining the impact of interview questions Sadaqah on business continuity in terms of operating income, number of employees, provide the best performance, business development, business growth, business resilience.This study used a qualitative approach with a case study strategy. Data was collected through interviews and direct observation to study the object. The analysis technique used in this study is a qualitative analysis of explanatory approach to explain the results of interviews and direct observation.The results of this study indicate that there is a Sadaqah impact on business continuity Muslim businessmen in Surabaya. The more routine Muslim businessmen in doing charity it will affect the performance of the business that will have an impact on business continuity achieved.
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Zetriuslita, Zetriuslita, Nofriyandi Nofriyandi, and Endang Istikomah. "THE EFFECT OF GEOGEBRA-ASSISTED DIRECT INSTRUCTION ON STUDENTS’ SELF-EFFICACY AND SELF-REGULATION." Infinity Journal 9, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.22460/infinity.v9i1.p41-48.
Анотація:
This study aims to find out the effect of Geogebra Assisted Direct Instruction on students' self-efficacy and self-regulation. This is a mixed method research with a sequential explanatory strategy, while the research design is a pretest and posttest unequivalent group design. The experimental group applied Geogebra Assisted Direct Instruction while the control group used conventional learning. The population in this study is the third semester students who have studied Field and Space Analytic Geometry. The research sample was selected using cluster random sampling technique. The research instruments were self-efficacy and self-regulation questionnaires for quantitative data and interview sheets for qualitative data. Data analysis was performed quantitatively using inferential statistical analysis and qualitatively analyzing the results of interview with students. The results showed that there was a significant effect of geogebra-assisted direct instruction on the achievement of students' self-efficacy and self-regulation. From the interviews it was found that the application of Geogebra-assisted Direct Instruction can facilitate the achievement of students' self-efficacy and self-regulation.
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Azhary, S. A., S. Supahar, K. Kuswanto, M. Ikhlas, and I. P. Devi. "Relationship Between Behavior of Learning and Student Achievement in Physics Subject." Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia 16, no. 1 (May 1, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jpfi.v16i1.23096.
Анотація:
Behavioral problems become special attention to learning. Some teachers confronted with a variety of student behaviors and varied learning outcomes. This research was aimed to determine the relationship between learning outcomes and student learning behavior with ranking score. A total of 91 of 10th-grade students with three different classes became respondents. The research was used Mixed methods with the sequential explanatory approach. Quantitative data were obtained by giving multiple-choice questions. The interview method was used to collect qualitative data. Kruskal Wallis test was used to analyze quantitative data and the interview transcript analyzed by the keyword of student behavior in learning physics. The results show that behavior while learning is very significant towards student learning outcomes. Interview findings show that student behavior during the learning process could affect learning outcomes.
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Crouch, Mira, and Heather McKenzie. "The logic of small samples in interview-based qualitative research." Social Science Information 45, no. 4 (December 2006): 483–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0539018406069584.
Анотація:
In a qualitative framework, research based on interviews often seeks to penetrate social life beyond appearance and manifest meanings. This requires the researcher to be immersed in the research field, to establish continuing, fruitful relationships with respondents and through theoretical contemplation to address the research problem in depth. Therefore a small number of cases (less than 20, say) will facilitate the researcher’s close association with the respondents, and enhance the validity of fine-grained, in-depth inquiry in naturalistic settings. Epistemologically prior to these considerations, however, is the explanatory status of such research. From a realist standpoint, here concept formation through induction and analysis aims to clarify the nature of some specific situations in the social world, to discover what features there are in them and to account, however partially, for those features being as they are. Since such a research project scrutinizes the dynamic qualities of a situation (rather than elucidating the proportionate relationships among its constituents), the issue of sample size - as well as representativeness - has little bearing on the project’s basic logic. This article presents this argument in detail, with an example drawn from a study of persons with a past history of cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Patel, V., F. Gwanzura, E. Simunyu, K. Lloyd, and A. Mann. "The phenomenology and explanatory models of common mental disorder: a study in primary care in Harare, Zimbabwe." Psychological Medicine 25, no. 6 (November 1995): 1191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003329170003316x.
Анотація:
synopsisIn order to describe the explanatory models and the etic and emic phenomena of common mental disorder in Harare, Zimbabwe, 110 subjects were selected by general nurses in three clinics and by four traditional healers from their current clients. The subjects were interviewed using the Explanatory Model Interview and the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule.Mental disorder most commonly presented with somatic symptoms, but few patients denied that their mind or soul was the source of illness. Spiritual factors were frequently cited as causes of mental illness. Subjects who were selected by traditional healer, reported a greater duration of illness and were more likely to provide a spiritual explanation for their illness.The majority of subjects were classified as ‘cases’ by the etic criteria of the CISR. Most patients, however, showed a mixture of psychiatric symptoms that did not fall clearly into a single diagnostic group. Patients from a subgroup with a spiritual model of illness were less likely to conform to etic criteria of ‘caseness’ and they may represent a unique category of psychological distress in Zimbabwe. A wide variety of emic phenomena were elicited that have been incorporated in an indigenous measure of non-psychotic mental disorder. Kufungisisa, or thinking too much, seemed to be the Shona term closest to the Euro-American concept of neurotic illness.
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Sobhan, Soumya S., Rajesh Gopalakrishnan, Vinod J. Abraham, and Anju Kuruvilla. "Common mental disorders among patients with diabetes in a secondary care facility: nature, prevalence, and explanatory models." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 11, no. 5 (April 30, 2024): 1949–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20241193.
Анотація:
Background: Diabetes is a chronic medical condition which is psychologically and behaviourally demanding in nature. Persons with diabetes may be particularly vulnerable to developing mental health disorders. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with common mental disorders (CMDs) in patients with diabetes and understand their explanatory models of illness. Methods: One hundred and seventy patients who attended the diabetic clinic at a secondary care hospital were recruited to participate in this cross-sectional study. Psychiatric morbidity and the individual's conceptualization of the illness were assessed using the clinical interview schedule-revised and the modified short explanatory model interview (SEMI) respectively. Socio-demographic and clinical details were recorded using a structured proforma. Results: CMDs were observed in 14.7% of the sample and were significantly associated with female gender, longer duration of diabetic illness and treatment, use of insulin and past treatment for psychiatric illness. Illness attributions included unhealthy diet, heredity, and stress, as well as punishment from God. Religious and traditional healing methods were cited as potential sources of help in addition to medical interventions and lifestyle modification. Conclusions: Diabetes can significantly impact the emotional health of an individual in addition to its myriad physical consequences. Understanding patient perspectives regarding their illness and identifying and providing appropriate interventions for those with emotional disorders are an important component of diabetes care programs.
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Thomas, Beena E., Chandra Suresh, J. Lavanya, Mika M. Lindsley, Amith T. Galivanche, Senthil Sellappan, Senthanro Ovung, et al. "Understanding pretreatment loss to follow-up of tuberculosis patients: an explanatory qualitative study in Chennai, India." BMJ Global Health 5, no. 2 (February 2020): e001974. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001974.
Анотація:
IntroductionPretreatment loss to follow-up (PTLFU)—dropout of patients after diagnosis but before treatment registration—is a major gap in tuberculosis (TB) care in India and globally. Patient and healthcare worker (HCW) perspectives are critical for developing interventions to reduce PTLFU.MethodsWe tracked smear-positive TB patients diagnosed via sputum microscopy from 22 diagnostic centres in Chennai, one of India’s largest cities. Patients who did not start therapy within 14 days, or who died or were lost to follow-up before official treatment registration, were classified as PTLFU cases. We conducted qualitative interviews with trackable patients, or family members of patients who had died. We conducted focus group discussions (FGDs) with HCWs involved in TB care. Interview and FGD transcripts were coded and analysed with Dedoose software to identify key themes. We created categories into which themes clustered and identified relationships among thematic categories to develop an explanatory model for PTLFU.ResultsWe conducted six FGDs comprising 53 HCWs and 33 individual patient or family member interviews. Themes clustered into five categories. Examining relationships among categories revealed two pathways leading to PTLFU as part of an explanatory model. In the first pathway, administrative and organisational health system barriers—including the complexity of navigating the system, healthcare worker absenteeism and infrastructure failures—resulted in patients feeling frustration or resignation, leading to disengagement from care. In turn, HCWs faced work constraints that contributed to many of these health system barriers for patients. In the second pathway, negative HCW attitudes and behaviours contributed to patients distrusting the health system, resulting in refusal of care.ConclusionHealth system barriers contribute to PTLFU directly and by amplifying patient-related challenges to engaging in care. Interventions should focus on removing administrative hurdles patients face in the health system, improving quality of the HCW-patient interaction and alleviating constraints preventing HCWs from providing patient-centred care.
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Seiger, Emily R., Heather M. Wasser, Stephanie A. Hutchinson, Grace Foster, Ruwaydah Sideek, and Stephanie L. Martin. "Barriers to Providing Lactation Services and Support to Families in Appalachia: A Mixed-Methods Study With Lactation Professionals and Supporters." American Journal of Public Health 112, S8 (October 2022): S797—S806. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2022.307025.
Анотація:
Objectives. To understand the barriers and facilitators that lactation professionals and supporters (LPSs) in the Appalachian region of the United States experience when providing services and support to families. Methods. We used a mixed-methods explanatory sequential design with a survey of LPSs in Appalachia (March‒July 2019), followed by semistructured interviews with LPSs (January‒April 2020). We summarized survey responses descriptively and analyzed interview transcripts thematically. Results. The survey was completed by 89 LPSs in Appalachia. We conducted semistructured interviews with 20 LPSs. Survey participants most commonly identified challenges with other health care providers, hospital practices, and non‒medically indicated supplementation as barriers. Interview participants described challenges with clients’ families not supporting breastfeeding, difficulty reaching clients, limited numbers of LPSs, and lack of racial/ethnic diversity among LPSs. LPSs identified the need for training in lactation and substance use, mental health, and birth trauma, and supporting lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, plus (LGBTQ+) families. LPSs described social media and telehealth as both facilitators and barriers. Social support from other LPSs was a facilitator. Conclusions. LPSs in Appalachia face various challenges. Addressing these challenges has the potential to improve the lactation support and services families in Appalachia receive. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(S8):S797–S806. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307025 )
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Tschirhart, Holly, Jennifer Yost, Janet Landeen, Kara A. Nerenberg, and Diana Sherifali. "Examining Diabetes Distress in Pre-existing Diabetes in Pregnancy: Protocol for an Explanatory Sequential Mixed Methods Study." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 22 (January 2023): 160940692211311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16094069221131192.
Анотація:
Diabetes distress has been shown to be highly prevalent in adults living with type 1 and type 2 diabetes with important implications for glycemic control, self-care, and self-management behaviors. Despite considerable focus on self-management and glycemic targets during pregnancy, current literature lacks information on diabetes distress in pregnancy, particularly in women with type 2 diabetes. This article outlines an explanatory sequential mixed methods research protocol to examine diabetes distress during pregnancy in women with pre-existing diabetes. The aims of the study were to: (1) establish the prevalence and correlates of diabetes distress in women attending a diabetes and pregnancy clinic; (2) use this quantitative data to inform development of an interview guide and plan for sampling for telephone interviews; and (3) explore and describe the experiences of diabetes distress during pregnancy. The quantitative strand was a cross-sectional survey of 76 women using self-reported questionnaires to collect demographic and clinical data, and validated tools to assess health variables, including the outcome of interest of diabetes distress using the Problem Area in Diabetes scale. The qualitative strand applied interpretive description methodology to explore the quantitative results using semi-structured qualitative interviews with 18 women to obtain patient perspectives of diabetes distress and experiences of managing diabetes in pregnancy. The explanatory sequential mixed methods research will provide an opportunity to add contextual qualitative experiences from women with pre-existing diabetes during pregnancy to provide a comprehensive picture of diabetes distress. The results will inform further research priorities that protect and promote mental health, psychosocial well-being, and self-management practices for this population.
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Cahyo Adi Kistoro, Hanif, Caly Setiawan, Eva Latipah, and Himawan Putranta. "Teacher’s experiences in character education for autistic children." International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v10i1.20743.
Анотація:
<p><span>Character education is also important given to autistic children. This phenomenological research aims to reveal the teacher's experience in teaching character education for autistic children. The participants in this research were 10 teachers from three exceptional schools consisting of public and private exceptional schools. In-depth interview method as a data collection technique. Data analysis using semantic reduction is carried out by the stages of identifying important statements from the results of the interview, determining the theme of the discussion, and describing the significance of the whole the teacher's experience. The results found that character learning for autistic children through three models, namely explanatory, practice, and intensive mentoring. The explanatory model is used to practice the ability of autistic children in terms of building children's concentration and focus. The practice model is used to train autistic children soft skills in terms of strengthening the understanding of the material and its reasoning ability. While the intensive mentoring model for training soft skills autistic children related to the ability of interpersonal relationships and confidence. Therefore, the inclusion of teacher competencies must at a minimum include pedagogical, personal, and social abilities to teach character education for autistic children.</span></p>
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Dereli, Esra. "Physical and Relational Aggressive Behavior in Preschool: School Teacher Rating, Teachers’ Perception and İntervention Strategies." Journal of Educational Issues 6, no. 1 (June 2, 2020): 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jei.v6i1.16947.
Анотація:
In this study was aimed to determine the preschool teachers’ perception and intervention strategies of physical, relational aggressive behavior and investigate the whether preschool students’ this aggressive behavior differ based on preschool teachers’ intervention strategies. Sample group consisted of 42 pre-school teachers and 755 preschool students aged 4-5. Sequential explanatory design of explanatory design model, one of the mixed method designs, was used in the study. In the quantitative part of study relational screening model and the qualitive part of study semi-structured interview was used to assess teachers’ perception and intervention. Personal Information Form, Pre-School Social Behavior Scale-Teacher Form, and Teacher Interview Forms were used to collect data. Analysis of data was used descriptive statistics, One Way Anova analysis. Results indicated that children’s physical and relational aggressive behavior scores significantly differed preschool teachers’ intervention strategies of aggressive behavior. According to the results, moderate level meaningful relationships between teachers’ preschool teachers’ intervention strategies of physical, relational aggressive behavior and students’ physical and relational aggressive behavior. Teachers stated that they tried different ways to intervention strategies these problems. However, it was determined that pre-school teachers used the strategy of prohibition and punishment in physical aggression more than relational aggression.
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Agravante, Marco B., Gerry S. Digo, and Susan S. Janer. "Upskilling of the School Heads in the New Normal." East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research 2, no. 6 (June 29, 2023): 2509–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.55927/eajmr.v2i6.4257.
Анотація:
This study aimed to upskill the leadership competencies of school heads in Magallanes, Sorsogon, Philippines for the school year 2021–2022. This study employed the mixed-methods sequential explanatory design which outlined the quantitative and qualitative methods using the descriptive-survey method and interview to the purpose of this study. The results of a survey revealed the three highest ranks in terms of upskilling needs of school heads were mentoring and coaching, curriculum development, and management of educational projects. However, the interview transcript reveals that the upskilling for school heads significantly impacted all aspects of leadership development. The leadership training conducted using the upskilling design effectively improves the leadership competencies of school heads.
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Jacob, K. S., D. Bhugra, K. R. Lloyd, and A. H. Mann. "Common Mental Disorders, Explanatory Models and Consultation Behaviour among Indian Women Living in the UK." Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 91, no. 2 (February 1998): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014107689809100204.
Анотація:
Women of Indian origin are said to have a lower rate of recognized common mental disorders and a higher frequency of consultation in primary care than white British. The aim of this study was to evaluate factors, including explanatory models (patient perspectives) of illness, associated with common mental disorders and with frequency of consultation among women of Indian origin in primary care. The investigation was conducted in a general practice in West London with a large Indian population. Consecutive woman attenders of Indian descent were screened with the General Health Questionnaire-12 to identify probable cases of psychiatric morbidity. 100 patients were interviewed with the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS-R), a specific tool for the diagnosis of common mental disorders, and the Short Explanatory Model Interview, which elicits the individual's conceptualization of his or her illness. Those patients who satisfied CIS-R criteria were classified as ‘cases’, the others as ‘controls’. Common mental disorders were documented in 30% of patients. The general practitioner's diagnosis of common mental disorders had a sensitivity of 17% and a specificity of 91%. Individuals with common mental disorders had a higher frequency of consultation (P=0.017), were less likely to see depression as an indication for medical intervention and were more likely to withhold some of their concerns from the general practitioner. Incorrect diagnosis by the GP was most likely to occur when patients did not disclose all their complaints. These associations were all statistically significant after adjustment for possible confounders by multiple linear and logistic regression. Women of Indian origin in this sample had rates of common mental disorders similar to those in other UK populations. Differing conceptualizations of common mental disorders may contribute to their underrecognition in women of Indian origin.
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Jayalakshmi, Rajeev, and Kannan Srinivasan. "Protocol of Explanatory Study on Social, Economic and Political Dimensions of Nutritional Status of Children Aged Six to Sixty Months from Low Socio-Economic Strata in Kerala, India." Social Science Protocols 4 (February 28, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.7565/ssp.v4.5284.
Анотація:
Background: Despite having better human development indicators, one-fifth of under-five children in Kerala are undernourished. The demographic, socio-economic, cultural and political transition in Kerala necessitates a revisit on the causes of undernutrition among children given that it tackled many of the immediate causes of undernutrition. The present study aims at the multi-dimensional factors' influence on nutritional status of children from low socio-economic strata in Kerala.
Methods/Design: The conceptual framework for the present study adapted the ecosocial theory by Nancy Krieger. We use an explanatory study design, by adopting both quantitative and qualitative methods. The sample size for the quantitative phase is 600 children of age six to 60 months and their mothers. The qualitative phase includes in-depth interviews with key informants. The data collection tools include weighing scale and stadiometer for taking anthropometric measurements, household survey questionnaire, interview schedule for mothers, interview guide for key informants, field diary and checklist for document analysis.
Discussion: Contextual evidence that the study generates will have implications at individual, service provision and policy perspectives of undernutrition among children in Kerala. It will help improve the nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive policies and programs in Kerala, which in turn will improve the nutritional status of the children.
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Adiguna, I. Wayan Bayu, Ni Luh Putu Eka Sulistia Dewi, Anak Agung Gede Yudha Paramartha, and Luh Gede Eka Wahyuni. "Teacher’s Perception of Self-Assessment in English Writing Competency for Junior High School Students." Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris undiksha 11, no. 1 (June 30, 2023): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jpbi.v11i1.64935.
Анотація:
Self-assessment provides many benefits in learning English, especially in terms of writing ability. This study aims to analyze teachers' perceptions and challenges that teachers find of the application of selfassessment in students' writing competencies at everal junior high school in Nusa Penida. This study used mixed method explanatory design as the research approach. The subjects of this study were EFL secondary teachers in three junior high school. Quantitative data in this study used a questionnaire to obtain accurate data related to teacher perceptions. Qualitative data used semistructured interviews. The interview statement was adjusted to the theory in the questionnaire. The data collection from questionnaire is analyzed by using Excel to find out the median of the questionnaire. In the interview, the data analyzed using thematic analysis. The result of this study shows that teachers have perceptions that tend to be positive towards the implementation of self-assessment in writing competency as a means for students to self-reflect, help students get feedback, develop writing ideas to be better confidently and independently. Teachers also experience obstacles in implementing self-assessment that the purpose of selfassessment is still not well understood by students.
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Uppinkudru, Chithra, Rajesh Gopalakrishnan, Joseph Noel, and Anju Kuruvilla. "Prevalence, correlates and explanatory models of cognitive deficits in patients with schizophrenia—A cross sectional study." Indian Journal of Psychiatry 65, no. 10 (October 2023): 1025–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_102_23.
Анотація:
Background: Schizophrenia may cause significant impairment in social and economic aspects of a patient’s life. Current evidence suggests that cognitive deficits may affect the functioning of a person with schizophrenia more than positive or negative symptoms. There is a lack of literature on explanatory models of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia that can influence help-seeking behavior. Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of cognitive deficits and assess their relationship with socio-demographic and clinical characteristics among patients with schizophrenia. We also planned to explore the explanatory models of cognitive deficits in these patients. Methods: Consecutive outpatients with schizophrenia who met eligibility criteria were recruited after obtaining informed consent. The Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination Tamil version (ACE III) and Observable Social Cognition – A Rating Scale (OSCARS) and Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) were used to assess cognitive functioning and symptom profile, respectively. Beliefs about illness were recorded using the modified Short Explanatory Model Interview (SEMI). Socio-demographic and treatment-related details were collected with a structured proforma. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS for Windows (version 16.0.1). Results: One hundred and forty patients participated in the study. The prevalence of cognitive deficits was 75.7% using ACE-III scores, 19.3% on OSCARS, and 40% based on subjective reports. Though the majority (81.4%) of patients reported a medical explanatory model for cognitive impairment, a significant number of them (70.7%) also held non-medical models simultaneously. Conclusion: Cognitive deficits are prevalent in the majority of patients with schizophrenia. Poor test performance on cognitive testing was observed in those with a significant family history. Multiple contradictory explanatory models for the causation of cognitive deficits were reported.
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Santosa, Made Hery, Gusti Ayu Made Trisna Yanti, and Luh Diah Surya Adnyani. "THE INTEGRATION OF GOOGLE TRANSLATE AS A MACHINE TRANSLATION AID IN EFL STUDENTS’ THESIS COMPOSITION." LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Teaching 27, no. 1 (April 16, 2024): 214–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/llt.v27i1.3734.
Анотація:
This study aims to examine the integration of Google Translate as a machine translation tool in the EFL students’ thesis writing process. Framed within the explanatory sequential mixed methods, the study utilized a survey and an open-ended interview. Using a purposive sampling technique, this study included fifty EFL students in North Bali, Indonesia, in the survey and five students voluntarily in the interview session. Measured using the Gregory Formula, content validity results from the two raters showed that the survey and interview guide were valid (.1) and reliable (α=.809). The survey data were analyzed using Ideal Mean Score analysis and the interview transcripts data were analyzed using Interactive Model analysis. Results reveal that Google Translate benefited the students in the thesis writing process. The interactive model analysis resulted in main themes of the strengths, comprising sub-themes of functions and features of Google Translate and weaknesses, involving sub-themes of contextuality, grammar accuracy, and academic integrity issues. It can be concluded that the use of Google Translate can be helpful in assisting students’ thesis writing with several considerations.
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Kotoka, Love, and Jeanne Kriek. "PREDICTION OF THE CORRELATION BETWEEN PROBLEM-SOLVING SKILLS AND CONCEPTUAL REASONING IN STOICHIOMETRY." Journal of Baltic Science Education 21, no. 4 (August 25, 2022): 615–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/jbse/22.21.615.
Анотація:
Learners underperform in stoichiometry as they lack conceptual reasoning of the underlying concepts and the ability to solve stoichiometric problems. Therefore, it was necessary to determine if there is a statistical correlation between problem-solving skills and conceptual reasoning in stoichiometry and if so, whether one can significantly predict the other. The theoretical framework is the cognitive load theory (CLT). This theory expects teachers to know where to focus their teaching and how to assess their learners’ work to avoid unnecessary overloading of the working memory, which might affect their performance. The explanatory sequential mixed-method research design was employed with 410 grade 11 Physical Science learners in their intact classes. The participants wrote the learner achievement test (LAT) and responded to a semi-structured interview. The learners’ test scores were then used to run a statistical test. The Pearson correlation and regression showed that the justifications given by learners for choosing correct or incorrect multiple-choice options were not due to chance, and the results of the learner interviews supported the learners’ performance in the test. Moreover, the findings indicated that there was a positive correlation between problem-solving skills and conceptual reasoning where statistically, conceptual reasoning predicted learners’ problem-solving skills using regression analysis. Keywords: conceptual reasoning, cognitive load theory, explanatory sequential research design, stoichiometry, problem-solving skills
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Purwanto, Rudi. "Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa SMA pada Hukum Archimedes." PALAPA 8, no. 1 (May 17, 2020): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.36088/palapa.v8i1.694.
Анотація:
The purpose of this study was to explore the students’ problem solving skill to solve problem in Archimedes principle on the senior high school level. The method of this study was mixed method with explanatory follow up explanation design. The subject of this study was 30 students of k-11 in SMAN 9 Malang. The kuantitative data was collected through survey by 2 essay questions with reliability cronbah alpha 0,70. The qualitative data was collected through interview after analyze student answare. The aim of this interview was to follow up the pattern of student answare. The result of this study shown that students’ expert attitude began solve problem through definite problem qualitatively. In addition, the students’ novice attitude refer to not describe a problem qualitatively.
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Nyamanza, Dr Upendo Brilliant Cornell. "Exploring Marketing Mix Practices of the Tanzanian Manufacturing SMEs and Their Growth Dynamics." Journal of Economics, Trade and Marketing Management 2, no. 4 (September 28, 2020): p13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jetmm.v2n4p13.
Анотація:
The objective of the study was to examine how the manufacturing SMEs implement marketing mix strategies and therefore, its importance as a driver of growth potential. The study utilized qualitative, explanatory design adopted through cross-sectional approach. Both primary and secondary data was collected using semi-structured interviews and document analysis techniques respectively to a purposive sample of 12 manufacturing SMEs. Then, the interview transcripts and secondary data were analyzed using a thematic framework through Nvivo software:10. The results confirm that manufacturing SMEs in Dar es Salaam do implement marketing mix strategies but, not so well organized and that, they still perceive product and promotion decisions as most important predictor of their growth. Further, SMEs are aware of the importance of marketing mix decisions but, they make less use of them due to limited financial resources, marketing knowledge, and unfriendly external environment.