Дисертації з теми "Experimental Granular Mechanics"
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Jadrnak, Sharon Marie. "Experimental studies of bimodal granular material flows." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16107.
Повний текст джерелаGarcía, Aragón Juan Antonio. "Experimental and analytical investigations of granular-fluid mixtures down inclines." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41021.
Повний текст джерелаThe results are compared with measurements from an experimental chute in which the inclination, the solids flow rate and fluid flow rate are all varied. The theory is found to give a good qualitative account of the observed behaviour. Finally an application of the model to the description of the mechanical behaviour of the Nevado del Ruiz 1985 debris flow is attempted.
Zoueshtiagh, Farzam. "Experimental and computational study of spiral patterns in granular media underneath a rotating fluid." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247353.
Повний текст джерелаBougouin, Alexis. "Etude expérimentale de l'effondrement d'une colonne fluide-grains." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017INPT0113/document.
Повний текст джерелаOn the Earth's surface, granular medias are ubiquitous and they are rarely dissociated from a liquid or a gas. The fluid-solid interaction leads to a complex flow dynamics of these coupled systems. This experimental work aims at characterizing the dynamics of the unsteady gravitydrivencollapse of a granular-fluid column within different configurations of the diphasic mixture. First, the flow dynamics of a neutrally buoyant suspension in air are characterized based on a macroscopic description of the flow. In particular, the rheological parameters of the apparent fluid have been extracted using the temporal evolution of the propagating front and self-similar solutions, models of the propagating dynamics at long times. In the considered range of the Reynolds number, the flow dynamics are described as an apparent Newtonian or non-Newtonian (shear-thinning/-thickening, viscoplastic) fluid depending on the various parameters (volume fraction, viscosity of the interstitial fluid, particle diameter, mixing protocol). In order to describe the opposite case of a sedimentary environment where particle-particle interaction becomes dominant, a second part of this work investigates the case of a fluid-saturated granular collapse, i.e. for which particles are heavier than the carrier fluid, in a dense packing configuration. For this purpose, a first part of the study is dedicated to characterize the collapse of an immersed granular column. The dissipative role of the fluid on the granular media is highlighted by an analysis of the collapse dynamics and the characteristics of the final deposit. This characterization allows to classify the regimes of the collapse depending on the viscosity and the density of the surrounding fluid, i.e. the Stokes number and the fluid-grain density ratio. In the triphasic case, i.e. when the granular-fluid column collapses in air, the dynamics may be strongly affected by capillary effects through the Bond number which controls the initial dynamics of the column. When these effects can be neglected (large Bond number) at the column and grain scales, the interstitial fluid can have a driven or a dissipative role on the granular media leading to a runout length more or less extended in comparison to the dry case. The role of the interstitial fluid depends mainly on its viscosity which also modifies the collapse dynamics. Finally, a preliminary study is realized on the flow dynamics of an initially homogeneous negative buoyant suspension column. This case, which makes the transition between the above mentioned configurations, allows to study the coupling between the settling dynamics of particles and this of the current. In particular, we observe that the settling velocity decreases with the increase of the initial volume fraction of particles
Robbe-Saule, Manon. "Modélisation expérimentale de génération de tsunami par effondrement granulaire." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS497/document.
Повний текст джерелаVarious past geological events have shown that landslides near coastlines, involving volumes from a few thousand cubic meters to several cubic kilometers, can lead to tsunami waves with significant amplitude. The generated wave and the collapse both represent an important hazard for the population and infrastructure located on or near the coast. Realistic modeling requires considering the granular nature of landslides. Here, we developed a new set of small-scale laboratory experiments to investigate in detail the wave generated by the collapse of an aerial granular column into water. An entire set of parameters are tested: (1) the falling granular mass (height, volume, aspect ratio, grain size and density), (2) the water layer height and (3) the geometrical configuration (horizontal or inclined plane). From quasi-bidimensional experiments in a rectangular channel we record both the time evolution of the granular collapse and of the generated wave. We show that the wave generation process is driven by the collective dynamics of the granular collapse at the water free surface. We identify a clear linear dependence between the relative wave amplitude and a Froude number defined as the ratio of the granular front velocity and the solitary wave velocity. The wave amplitude reaches its maximum value at an intermediate water depth. The total energy transfer shows that only a few percent of the initial potential energy of the column is transferred to the wave, suggesting a considerable energy loss in the granular collapse itself. Finally, we highlight the low influence diameter and density of the falling grain in the generation of the wave. This suggests that the mass of the collapse is of low importance compared to its volume. Another interesting result is the linear dependence of the relative wave amplitude with the relative immersed volume of the final deposit. This allows us to estimate the wave amplitude generated by past or potential events in Nature. Despite the various scales and geometries of these natural events, and the uncertainty of the data, our empirical law, from our small-scale experiment, predicts waves similar to other numerical or experimental models
Lachaussée, Florent. "Érosion et transport de particules au voisinage d'un obstacle." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS377/document.
Повний текст джерелаErosion occurs when a fluid flowing over a granular bed exerts a large enough shear stress. When the fluid encounters an obstacle, the modification of the flow leads to a local over speed, and thus on an increase of the shear stress in the vicinity of the obstacle. As a result, the erosion is locally enhanced and is called scouring. In this work, we investigate this complicated situation experimentally at the laboratory scale. In particular, we address the question of the scouring threshold, i.e., the minimum critical approach velocity of the fluid leading to erosion in the vicinity of the obstacle. We report the existence of two different scouring patterns: the traditional horseshoe scour at the base of the obstacle, which dominates at large flow velocities, and we also highlight another scouring pattern downstream, which is called rabbit ear scour, at moderate speeds. We determine the onset of both erosion patterns visually using different grains and obstacles. Besides, we measure the bed topography over time using a laser profilometer. By monitoring the bed topography during the scouring process, we characterize the morphology of both scouring patterns and rationalize their competitive dynamics by measuring their formation timescale. In most cases, the rabbit ear scour development is inhibited by the faster horseshoe scour growth. The characterization of the flow using Particles Image Velocimetry (PIV), provides information on the shear stress exerted by the fluid flow on the grains, with and without obstacle. We can thus rationalize the threshold values for both scouring patterns, associated with different flow structures
Kasangaki, Gilbert Joseph. "Experimental study of hydro-mechanical behaviour of granular materials." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2659.
Повний текст джерелаHarich, Rim. "Etude experimentale de la transition Jamming dans un milieu granulaire vibré." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00559024.
Повний текст джерелаKarmakar, Somnath [Verfasser], and Ralf [Akademischer Betreuer] Seemann. "Experimental investigations of mechanical properties of wet granular materials / Somnath Karmakar. Betreuer: Ralf Seemann." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1072418525/34.
Повний текст джерелаAboul, Hosn Rodaina. "Suffusion and its effects on the mechanical behavior of granular soils : numerical and experimental investigations." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAI082/document.
Повний текст джерелаSuffusion is a particular case of internal erosion taking place in hydraulic earth structures. It is characterized by the detachment and migration of fine particles by interstitial flow leaving behind the granular skeleton. Such modifications in the soil microstructure may lead to deformations at the macroscopic scale and may influence the mechanical behavior of the soil. This research was devoted to investigate the suffusion mechanism and its impact on the mechanical properties of cohesionless soils. To achieve this objective, two approaches were followed in this work: numerical and experimental approaches. A discrete numerical model was defined to describe quantitatively the soil macroscopic behavior and to analyze the microstructure of granular assemblies. It is based on the use of spherical particles and contact rolling resistance, as well as a new method of compaction to mimic the one used in laboratory and to reach a wide range of initial densities. The model was validated through comparison of numerical results with experimental data. This model was first applied on granular assemblies with different fines contents to study the role of fine particles with respect to a given soil microstructure, without taking into account an erosion process. It was shown that there exists a fines content, below the threshold, where fine particles may start to participate in the force transfer that if suffusion initiates and mobilizes these particles, it may affect the macroscopic behavior of the soil. Thereafter, a simplified kinetics of grain extraction was proposed to describe the suffusion process. It was based on a one-way fluid-solid coupling approach. The importance of this extraction procedure is that, on one hand, it takes into account complex geometric and hydraulic criteria; on the other hand, the model involves an affordable computational cost. This procedure was validated based on experimental tests carried out using a newly developed suffusion apparatus. Consequences of this erosion on the mechanical properties of soils were characterized from experimental and simulated triaxial compression tests. Suffusion development and its consequences on the macroscopic behavior are discussed from the results obtained in terms of the initial soil density and gradation, the hydraulic loading and the type of eroded particles (active or inactive in the force transfer)
RAHELIARILALAO-RANAIVO, RABEHAJA BIENVENUE. "Etude des caracteristiques thermiques et mecaniques de betons de pouzzolane." Paris 7, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA077220.
Повний текст джерелаZhang, Jiafeng. "Kinematics and kinetics of granular mixture : experimental and numerical studies /." 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3363124.
Повний текст джерелаSource: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-06, Section: B, page: 3590. Adviser: Jonathan Freund. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 188-197) Available on microfilm from Pro Quest Information and Learning.
Gouda, Prachi Pragyan. "Refractive-Index-Matched Fluorescent Particle Image Velocimetry for Investigation of Flow in Immersed Granular Materials." Thesis, 2022. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/5820.
Повний текст джерелаScheel, Mario. "Experimental investigations of the mechanical properties of wet granular matter." Doctoral thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-B4BC-4.
Повний текст джерелаKandasami, Ramesh Kannan. "Experimental Studies on The Mechanical Behaviour of Cohesive Frictional Granular Materials." Thesis, 2016. http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/2680.
Повний текст джерелаKandasami, Ramesh Kannan. "Experimental Studies on The Mechanical Behaviour of Cohesive Frictional Granular Materials." Thesis, 2016. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2005/2680.
Повний текст джерелаScheel, Mario [Verfasser]. "Experimental investigations of the mechanical properties of wet granular matter / vorgelegt von Mario Scheel." 2009. http://d-nb.info/1003877117/34.
Повний текст джерелаLube, Gert [Verfasser]. "The flow and depositional mechanisms of granular matter : experimental and field studies with implications for pyroclastic flows / vorgelegt von Gert Lube." 2006. http://d-nb.info/980868505/34.
Повний текст джерелаFerreira, Sandra Reis. "Comportamento mecânico e ambiental de materiais granulares : aplicação às escórias de aciaria nacionais." Doctoral thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/12264.
Повний текст джерелаNesta tese estudou-se o comportamento mecânico e ambiental de materiais granulares e muito particularmente os agregados processados das escórias de aciaria produzidas na Siderurgia Nacional, com o principal objectivo de promover a sua valorização (reciclagem) como material de construção nas infraestruturas de transporte e obras geotécnicas. Neste sentido, estabeleceu-se um programa experimental para a caracterização ambiental e mecânica, quer em laboratório, quer no campo, dos agregados processados das escórias de aciaria nacionais, bem como de dois materiais naturais (Saibro Granítico e Agregado Granítico), com o propósito de se compararem as suas propriedades. Em laboratório, o principal ensaio mecanicista utilizado para determinar as propriedades de deformabilidade dos materiais granulares tem sido o triaxial cíclico, desenvolvido durante este programa de investigação. Uma câmara triaxial com 150mm de diâmetro e 300mm de altura foi instrumentada internamente para medição directa da força aplicada e dos deslocamentos no provete de ensaio. Paralelamente ao estudo sobre a valorização dos agregados processados das escórias de aciaria nacionais efectuou-se um outro, relativo à influência do índice de vazios e da granulometria nas características de deformabilidade dos materiais granulares. Esse estudo envolveu a realização de ensaios triaxiais cíclicos, em provetes com diferentes granulometrias, combinando diferentes dimensões médias das partículas (D50) e diferentes índices de vazios. Os resultados do estudo mostraram, claramente, que as equações relativas ao índice de vazios obtidas sobre areias, e normalmente utilizadas em materiais granulares com fracções mais grossas, não descrevem o comportamento destes materiais, sobretudo quando bem compactados. Com base nos resultados obtidos propôs-se para a normalização do módulo de deformabilidade em relação ao índice de vazios uma nova expressão matemática que incorpora um factor que depende da granulometria dos materiais. Os resultados mostraram ainda que o módulo de deformabilidade dos materiais granulares depende da dimensão máxima das partículas e do D50. No campo, a avaliação dos desempenhos mecânico e ambiental dos materiais efectuou-se recorrendo à construção de um trecho experimental, integrado numa estrada nacional em serviço, constituído por três secções distintas. Numa foram utilizados apenas os dois materiais naturais (no aterro e nas camadas de leito do pavimento e base), noutra foi utilizado exclusivamente agregado processado (no aterro e nas camadas de leito do pavimento e base) e na restante aplicou-se o Saibro Granítico, no aterro e na camada de leito do pavimento, e o agregado processado, na camada de base. A avaliação do desempenho mecânico e ambiental dos materiais efectuou-se durante e após a fase de construção. A avaliação do desempenho mecânico durante a fase de construção realizou-se através do controlo dos parâmetros de estado e da deformabilidade dos materiais, com recurso a diferentes ensaios. A avaliação do desempenho mecânico, após a fase de construção, efectuou-se ao longo de dois anos, quer ao nível interno das camadas do pavimento com recurso a extensómetros e do aterro através de varões extensométricos instalados durante a fase de construção, quer ao nível do comportamento global do aterro através de campanhas de nivelamento topográfico de precisão e no pavimento com recurso a ensaios com deflectómetro de impacto pesado. A avaliação do desempenho ambiental efectuou-se, ao longo de um ano, com recurso a instrumentação original em Portugal nesta aplicação: instalação de dois lisímetros. Os resultados experimentais obtidos neste estudo mostraram que os agregados processados das escórias de aciaria nacionais são inertes e apresentam um desempenho mecânico superior ao dos materiais naturais, contribuindo decisivamente para a sua valorização em infraestruturas de transporte e obras geotécnicas. Presentemente, são comercializados pela Siderurgia Nacional como um novo material de construção, com Marcação CE e marca registada com a designação de Agregado Siderúrgico Inerte para a Construção (ASIC).
This thesis studied the mechanical and environmental behaviour of granular materials and more specifically processed steel slag aggregates produced in National Iron and Steel Company, with the primary objective of promoting their use (recycling) as a building material in transport infrastructures and geotechnical work. In this context an experimental programme was established in order to environmentally and mechanically characterise, both in laboratory and in the field, the national processed steel slag aggregates, in addition to two natural materials (Granitic gravel and Granite Aggregate), with the purpose of comparing their properties. In the laboratory, the main mechanical test used to determine the deformation properties of granular materials has been the precision cyclic triaxial, developed during this research programme. A triaxial chamber 150mm in diameter and 300mm in height was internally instrumented for the direct measurement of displacement and applied force. Parallel to the study for promoting processed aggregates of national steel slags another laboratory study was carried out on the influence of void ratio and grading on the deformation characteristics of granular materials. This study involved carrying out precision cyclic triaxial tests on specimens with different gradations, combined with different particle size average and different void ratios. The results of the study clearly showed that the equations for the void ratio obtained for sand, and normally used in granular material with coarser fractions, do not describe the behaviour of these materials especially when they are well compacted. Based on the results obtained, a new mathematical expression that incorporates a factor that depends on the gradation of the material is proposed for the normalisation of the modulus of deformability in relation to the void ratio. The results also showed that this modulus in the granular material depends on the maximum size of the particles and on the particle size average. In the field, the assessment of the mechanical and environmental performance of the materials was carried out at the construction of a full scale test integrated in a national road in use which consisted of three distinct sections. In one section, only the two natural materials were used (in the embankment, capping and base layers of pavement), in another section only processed aggregate was used (in the embankment, capping and base layers of pavement) and in the remaining section Granitic Gravel was used, in the embankment and the capping layers of pavement, and processed aggregate was used in the base layer. The assessment of the mechanical and environmental performance of the materials was done during and after the construction phase. The mechanical performance during the construction phase was evaluated by controlling the state parameters and the deformability of the materials by using different tests. After the construction phase this was done throughout two years by assessing the pavement layers by using strain gauges. Furthermore embankment performance was evaluated by using strain gauge rods installed during the construction phase as well by precision topographic levelling campaigns. The assessment of pavement performance was done by using tests with a heavy falling weight deflectometer. The assessment of the environmental performance was carried out throughout one year by means of two lysimeters, instrumentation that is original in Portugal in this application. The experimental results obtained in this study show that the aggregate of national processed steel slags are inert and have a better mechanical performance than that of natural materials, decisively contributing to the promotion of these recycled materials in transport infrastructures and geotechnical works. Presently, this new construction material, with EC marking, registered as a trademark under the name of Agregado Siderúrgico Inerte para a Construção (ASIC) [Inert Steel Aggregate for Construction - ISAC], has led to an increased demand in the national market with obvious benefits for the National Iron and Steel Company.